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Holbæk Priory - Wikipedia
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height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Holbaek Priory</b> was a small Dominican monastery in Holbæk, Denmark. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holb%C3%A6k_Priory&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Holb%C3%A6k" title="Holbæk">Holbæk</a> is first mentioned in 1199 in a letter of gift from Bishop <a href="/wiki/Absalon" title="Absalon">Absalon</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> Priory at Holbaek was established by 1275 just south of Holbæk, Denmark. The king personally owned Holbæk and the town had supported the king's cause against the Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Roskilde" title="Roskilde">Roskilde</a> and perhaps the placing of a Dominican house at Holbaek and the building of <a href="/wiki/Holb%C3%A6k_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Holbæk Castle">Holbæk Castle</a> added to its stature among <a href="/wiki/Zealand_(Denmark)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zealand (Denmark)">Zealand</a> towns. The priory was burned in a town fire in 1287 and had to be rebuilt. The Black Friars Church was dedicated to <a href="/wiki/St_Nicholas" class="mw-redirect" title="St Nicholas">St Nicholas</a> in 1323 by Bishop Niels of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B8rglum" title="Børglum">Børglum</a>. It became the north range of a roughly rectangular friary. The church was open to the public for mass with the friars separated from the townspeople by a gate. Women were not permitted in St Nicholas except on days when special commemorative masses were said. The south range, which still exists was built in the mid-15th century in the Gothic style out of red bricks. The two-story refectory with a vaulted cellar. The range built in the same style was older and housed the individual friars' cells, chapter hall and perhaps a library. The west range was constructed in the first quarter of the 16th century to complete the quadrangle. The priory had a garden and at least a partial cloister for the friars to walk outside under shelter. There was a cemetery attached to the priory. The priory church had a nave and single side aisle with a choir with an apse on the east end. </p><p>Holbæk Priory enjoyed royal favor especially <a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher II</a>. Queen <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_of_Brandenburg" title="Dorothea of Brandenburg">Dorothea of Brandenburg</a>, the wife of Christopher II and <a href="/wiki/Christian_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian I">Christian I</a>, whose generosity permitted a major expansion of the priory complex. Since the Dominicans were a mendicant order they were reliant on the gifts of individuals or families to support the priory and its works, usually schools and hospitals. The gifts were most often in the form of properties such as farms or houses in towns which were used to generate rents. Royal favors included properties and unique forms of revenue such as landing rights, fishing rights, or fees to be paid for religious services such as masses for the dead. The priory church became a popular place for burials of local nobles and officials who were often remembered with large tombstones which were set into the floor of the church. Several of these have been preserved to modern times. Holbæk Priory was never a large monastery. The gifts it received of which records exist are in small amounts, usually a few pennies or guilders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reformation">Reformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holb%C3%A6k_Priory&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The continuous existence of the friary was threatened in the early 16th century as Danes exchanged their <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> beliefs and institutions for those of the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> reformers. <a href="/wiki/Mendicant_orders" title="Mendicant orders">Mendicant orders</a> were particularly disliked for the constant appeals for alms in addition to the usual tithes and fees Danes paid to the church until the Reformation. The <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a> were hounded form 28 Danish towns by 1532 some virtually at sword point. The Dominicans received a letter of protection from Count <a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Oldenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher of Oldenburg">Christopher of Oldenburg</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Count%27s_Feud" title="Count's Feud">Count's Feud</a>, a civil war which ended Catholic influence in Denmark. Unfortunately, they picked the wrong side. Count Christopher went to war on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Christian_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian II">Christian II</a>, the last Catholic king of Denmark, and he lost. <a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a>, who was a staunch Lutheran, and the State Council (Danish: Rigsråd) made Denmark a Lutheran country in October 1536 with the adoption of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutheran_Ordinances&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutheran Ordinances (page does not exist)">Lutheran Ordinances</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q383049#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q383049"><span title=""Lutheran Ordinances" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span>, which stipulated religious belief and practices throughout Denmark. </p><p>The friars were already having difficulty supporting the priory and by February 1535 the buildings had been abandoned. The last Dominican prior at Holbæk, Hans Pedersen, wrote a letter of gift to the town as a place for the sick and poor. He attributed the loss of the priory to the sore hunger, want, and poverty which the brothers endured had endured but could no longer. The town of Holbæk took control of the priory with the intent of making it into a hospital for the poor and sick. The church was made into a reformed parish church for the town. But all religious houses and their properties reverted to the crown and Christian III ordered the demolition of the priory in order to expand <a href="/wiki/Holb%C3%A6k_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Holbæk Castle">Holbæk Castle</a>. The eastern range and part of the southern range were pulled down, and then work was halted. The remnants of the priory were turned over to the town and the buildings were converted into a school which existed in one form or another there until 1902. The other range became a town hall. Part of the town hall was turned into the town jail called the "tower prison". The town hall occupied the building until 1844 when it became a mortuary. In 1869 the ancient priory church was torn down and a new expanded one was built on the site. In the 1970s the remaining sections of the priory were restored and turned over to St Nicholas' church for a meeting halls and offices. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holb%C3%A6k_Priory&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holb%C3%A6k_Priory&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jacobsen, J.G.G. 'The Priory of the Black Friars in Holbaek'. 2003 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://jggj.dk/Holbaek_Kloster_UK.htm">http://jggj.dk/Holbaek_Kloster_UK.htm</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Holb%C3%A6k_Priory&params=55.7162_N_11.7132_E_type:landmark_region:DK"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">55°42′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°42′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">55.7162°N 11.7132°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.7162; 11.7132</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.canary‐cf75d6f8‐pbw7h Cached time: 20241127162732 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.103 seconds Real time usage: 0.151 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 412/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8366/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 284/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3396/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.054/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1060450/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 128.579 1 -total 60.82% 78.199 1 Template:No_footnotes 44.73% 57.515 1 Template:Ambox 26.22% 33.712 1 Template:Coord 8.94% 11.495 1 Template:Reflist 3.82% 4.914 1 Template:Interlanguage_link 2.73% 3.510 2 Template:Yesno-no 1.70% 2.192 4 Template:Main_other 1.45% 1.870 2 Template:Yesno --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20525728-0!canonical and timestamp 20241127162732 and revision id 1064512325. 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