CINXE.COM
We Tested 6 Countertop Composters. None Are Worth Buying. | Reviews by Wirecutter
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/img/apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/img/android-chrome-192x192.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/img/favicon-32x32.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/img/favicon-16x16.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/manifest.json"/><link rel="preload" href="https://g1.nyt.com/fonts/mous/fonts/family/franklin/franklin-normal-500.0f4aea3d462cdb64748629efcbbf36bc.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://g1.nyt.com/fonts/mous/fonts/family/franklin/franklin-normal-700.91eaf6b5642463af4091160b4bbfdfcb.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://g1.nyt.com/fonts/mous/fonts/family/franklin/franklin-normal-800.fdc7cad17deeec2db1fe2f9f8c0520ed.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/fonts/karnak/karnak-normal-500.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/static/fonts/imperial/imperial-normal-500.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//cdn.thewirecutter.com"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//amplifypixel.outbrain.com"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//static.narrativ.com"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//www.googletagmanager.com"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//www.google-analytics.com"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//connect.facebook.net"/><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="//d1b5h9psu9yexj.cloudfront.net"/><script data-testid="ethycaBanner_metatag" type="text/javascript"> (function fidesScript(a,b){function c(){if(!g()&&f()){var c=document.createElement("script");c.id="nyt-fides",c.src=a,b.document.head.appendChild(c)}}var d=new URLSearchParams(b.location.search),e=function(a){var c=b.document.cookie.split(";").find(function(b){return b.includes(a)})||"";return c.replace(a,"").trim().charAt(16)},f=function(){var a,c,f,g=d.get("fides-override"),h=e("nyt-purr="),i=e("override-purr="),j=0<(null===(a=b.config)||void 0===a||null===(c=a.tc_info)||void 0===c||null===(f=c.fides_string)||void 0===f?void 0:f.length);return j||"s"===i||"s"===h||"true"===g},g=function(){return null!==b.document.getElementById("nyt-fides")};c(),b.addEventListener("initWebview:ios",c),b.fidesUtils={isFidesEligible:f}})('https://static01.nyt.com/vi-assets/static-assets/fides-8ff3b866ef707d7b05879c1b02bc31aa.js', window); (function fidesTracking(a){function b(a){var b=a.layerType;return{event:"impression",priority:!0,module:{name:b,label:b,region:"bottom"}}}function c(a){var b=a.actionType,c=void 0===b?"":b,d=a.layerType,e=void 0===d?"":d;return{event:"moduleInteraction",eventData:{trigger:"module",type:"click"},module:{name:e,label:e,element:{name:c,label:c}}}}function d(a){var b=a.actionType,c=void 0===b?"":b,d=a.layerType,e=void 0===d?"":d;return{subject:"interaction",data:{name:e,label:e,element:{name:c,label:c}}}}function e(b){var c=a.dataLayer||(a.dataLayer=[]);c.push(b)}function f(b){var c=a.document.getElementById("fides-banner"),d=a.document.getElementById("fides-modal"),e=a.document.getElementById("fides-embed-container"),f="true"===(null===d||void 0===d?void 0:d.getAttribute("aria-hidden"));if(e)return"cmp_layer_2";if(null!==b){if(!c||!d)return"";if(c.contains(b))return"cmp_layer_1";if(d.contains(b))return"cmp_layer_2"}return f?"cmp_layer_1":"cmp_layer_2"}function g(a){var b=a.textContent.toLowerCase();return{"accept all":"accept_all","reject all":"reject_all","manage preferences":"manage_prefs","cookie policy":"cookie_policy","privacy policy":"privacy_policy",purposes:"purposes",features:"features",vendors:"vendors",save:"save"}[b]||""}// dispatch event for iOS and Android to listen to. function h(b){var c=new CustomEvent("NYTFidesUpdated",{detail:b});a.dispatchEvent(c)}var i;!0===(null===(i=a.fidesUtils)||void 0===i?void 0:i.isFidesEligible())&&(a.addEventListener("FidesUIShown",function(a){var c,d=null===a||void 0===a||null===(c=a.detail)||void 0===c?void 0:c.extraDetails,f=d.servingComponent,g=void 0===f?"":f;if("tcf_banner"===g){var h=b({layerType:"cmp_layer_1"});e(h)}}),a.addEventListener("click",function(a){var b=a.target,i="button"===b.type,j="a"===b.nodeName.toLowerCase();if(i||j){var k=g(b),l=f(b);if(k){var m=c({actionType:k,layerType:l});e(m);var n=d({actionType:k,layerType:l});h(n),a.stopPropagation()}}}),a.addEventListener("beforeunload",function(){var a=f(null),c=b({layerType:"".concat(a,"_exit")});e(c)}))})(window); </script><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"/><script id="als-svc"> !function(){ const PRD_HOST = 'https://als-svc.nytimes.com/als'; const DEV_HOST = 'https://als-svc.dev.nytimes.com/als'; const BT_KEY = 'bt'; const MKTG_KEY = 'mktg'; const SUB_KEY = 'sub'; const TEST_CLIENTSIDE_KEY = 'als_test_clientside'; const { origin, pathname, host, search } = window?.location || {}; const alice_rules_test = new URLSearchParams(search).get('alice_rules_test'); const isMobile = (window.innerWidth < 740); const params = { alice_rules_test, uri: origin + pathname, prop: 'wc', plat: isMobile ? 'mweb' : 'web', typ:'rev' } function setKVPValues (data) { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; function setTargeting (data) { if (!data) return; Object.keys(data).forEach(function(key) { if (data[key] != null) { window.googletag.pubads().setTargeting(key, data[key]); } }); } if (window?.googletag?.apiReady) { setTargeting(data); } else { window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; function onGPT() { setTargeting(data); }; window.googletag.cmd.push(onGPT); } resolve(data); }); } function getLocalStorageValues() { return { [TEST_CLIENTSIDE_KEY]: window.localStorage.getItem(TEST_CLIENTSIDE_KEY) || null, [MKTG_KEY]: window.localStorage.getItem(MKTG_KEY) || null, [BT_KEY]: window.localStorage.getItem(BT_KEY) || null, [SUB_KEY]: window.localStorage.getItem(SUB_KEY) || null, } } // set starting values from previous LS values setKVPValues(getLocalStorageValues()).catch(function(e) { console.warn('SOMETHING TRAGIC HAPPENED', e); }); function mapServiceDataToKVPs(data = { User: {}, Asset: {} }) { const userFilterKeys = [BT_KEY, MKTG_KEY, SUB_KEY]; const { User = {}, Asset = {}, als_test_clientside } = data; const filterUserKeys = ([key]) => userFilterKeys.includes(key); const validUserEntries = Object.entries(User).filter(filterUserKeys); const filteredUserData = Object.fromEntries(validUserEntries); return { ...Asset, ...filteredUserData, ...(als_test_clientside ? { als_test_clientside } : {}) }; } function getService (url) { return window.fetch(url, { credentials: 'include' }) .then(function (response) { return response.json() }) .then(mapServiceDataToKVPs) .catch(function(e) { console.warn('FETCH ISSUES!',e); }); } function setLocalStorageValues (data) { const validKeys = [BT_KEY, MKTG_KEY, SUB_KEY, TEST_CLIENTSIDE_KEY]; function setEntry(entry) { const [key, val] = entry; if (validKeys.includes(key)) { try { const ls_val = key === TEST_CLIENTSIDE_KEY ? 'ls-'+val : val; localStorage.setItem(key, String(ls_val)); } catch (e) { return console.warn(e); } } } Object.entries(data).forEach(setEntry); } function getServiceUrl (host, params) { function filterParams ([,value]) { return value !== null && value !== undefined; } const baseUrl = host === 'www.nytimes.com' ? PRD_HOST : DEV_HOST; const url = new URL(baseUrl); const filteredParams = Object.entries(params || {}).filter(filterParams); url.search = new URLSearchParams(filteredParams).toString(); return url.href; } getService(getServiceUrl(host, params)).then(setKVPValues).then(setLocalStorageValues).catch(console.warn); }();</script><script>var AdSlot4=function(){"use strict";function e(e,t){(null==t||t>e.length)&&(t=e.length);for(var n=0,i=Array(t);n<t;n++)i[n]=e[n];return i}function t(e,t,n){return(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||!e)return e;var n=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==n){var i=n.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof i)return i;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:t+""}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=n,e}function n(e,t){var n=Object.keys(e);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var i=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);t&&(i=i.filter((function(t){return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t).enumerable}))),n.push.apply(n,i)}return n}function i(e){for(var i=1;i<arguments.length;i++){var r=null!=arguments[i]?arguments[i]:{};i%2?n(Object(r),!0).forEach((function(n){t(e,n,r[n])})):Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors?Object.defineProperties(e,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(r)):n(Object(r)).forEach((function(t){Object.defineProperty(e,t,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(r,t))}))}return e}function r(e,t){return function(e){if(Array.isArray(e))return e}(e)||function(e,t){var n=null==e?null:"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&e[Symbol.iterator]||e["@@iterator"];if(null!=n){var i,r,o,a,l=[],d=!0,s=!1;try{if(o=(n=n.call(e)).next,0===t);else for(;!(d=(i=o.call(n)).done)&&(l.push(i.value),l.length!==t);d=!0);}catch(e){s=!0,r=e}finally{try{if(!d&&null!=n.return&&(a=n.return(),Object(a)!==a))return}finally{if(s)throw r}}return l}}(e,t)||a(e,t)||function(){throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to destructure non-iterable instance. In order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.")}()}function o(t){return function(t){if(Array.isArray(t))return e(t)}(t)||function(e){if("undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&null!=e[Symbol.iterator]||null!=e["@@iterator"])return Array.from(e)}(t)||a(t)||function(){throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance. In order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method.")}()}function a(t,n){if(t){if("string"==typeof t)return e(t,n);var i={}.toString.call(t).slice(8,-1);return"Object"===i&&t.constructor&&(i=t.constructor.name),"Map"===i||"Set"===i?Array.from(t):"Arguments"===i||/^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(i)?e(t,n):void 0}}var l,d,s=(l={},d={},{publish:function e(t){var n=t.name,i=void 0===n?"":n,r=t.value,o=void 0===r?{}:r,a=t.scope,s=void 0===a?"page":a;"all"!==s&&e({name:i,value:o,scope:"all"}),l[i]||(l[i]={}),l[i][s]||(l[i][s]=[]),l[i][s].push(o),d[i]&&d[i][s]&&d[i][s].forEach((function(e){e(o)}))},subscribe:function(e){var t=e.name,n=void 0===t?"":t,i=e.callback,r=void 0===i?function(){}:i,o=e.scope,a=void 0===o?"page":o;d[n]||(d[n]={}),d[n][a]||(d[n][a]=[]);var s=d[n][a].push(r)-1;return l[n]&&l[n][a]&&l[n][a].length&&l[n][a].forEach((function(e){r(e)})),{remove:function(){return d[n][a].splice(s,1)}}},unsubscribeToAll:function(e){Object.keys(d).forEach((function(t){d[t]&&d[t][e]&&delete d[t][e]})),Object.keys(l).forEach((function(t){l[t]&&l[t][e]&&delete l[t][e]}))}});function u(e){var t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:0,n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:0,i=arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:0,r=arguments.length>4&&void 0!==arguments[4]?arguments[4]:0,o=!(arguments.length>5&&void 0!==arguments[5])||arguments[5];if(!e||1!==e.nodeType)return!1;var a=e.getBoundingClientRect(),l=a.top-t,d=a.left,s=a.bottom,u=a.right,c=0,p=0,v=window.innerHeight,f=window.innerWidth;return o?s>=c+i*r&&u>=p+n*r&&l<=v-i*r&&d<=f-n*r:l>=c&&s<=v}function c(e,t,n){var i="".concat(e,"-").concat(t);try{performance.mark(i),performance.measure(i,n,i);var r=performance.getEntriesByName(i).filter((function(e){return"measure"===e.entryType})),o=r[r.length-1];return o?Math.round(o.duration):0}catch(e){return 0}}var p="message",v="visibilitychange",f="mouseenter",g="mouseleave",m="readystatechange",h="unload",E="slotRequested",b="slotResponseReceived",A="slotRenderEnded",w="slotOnload",y="impressionViewable",R={RESPONSE_START:"responseStart",TIME_DEFINED:"timeDefined",TIME_CALLED:"timeCalled",TIME_CALL_SENT:"timeCallSent",TIME_RECEIVED:"timeReceived",TIME_RENDERED:"timeRendered",TIME_LOADED:"timeLoaded",TIME_VIEWED:"timeViewed"},_={AD_EMPTY:"AdEmpty",AD_BLOCK_ON:"AdBlockOn",AD_DEFINED:"AdDefined",AD_CALLED:"AdCalled",AD_REFRESHED:"AdRefreshed",AD_REQUEST_SENT:"AdRequestSent",AD_RESPONSE:"AdResponse",AD_RENDERED:"AdRendered",AD_LOADED:"AdLoaded",AD_SLOT_READY:"AdSlotReady",AD_VIEWABLE:"AdViewable",AD_ENTERED_VIEWPORT:"AdEnteredViewport",AD_LEFT_VIEWPORT:"AdLeftViewport",AD_MOUSE_ENTER:"AdMouseEnter",AD_MOUSE_LEAVE:"AdMouseLeave"},P="AdBlockOn",I="AdsDisabled",D="GptError",T="pos",S="request_time",O=function(){return O=Object.assign||function(e){for(var t,n=1,i=arguments.length;n<i;n++)for(var r in t=arguments[n])Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,r)&&(e[r]=t[r]);return e},O.apply(this,arguments)};"function"==typeof SuppressedError&&SuppressedError;var U=[{name:"PURR_AcceptableTrackers",valueMapping:{controllers:"c",processors:"p"}},{name:"PURR_AdConfiguration",valueMapping:{full:"f",npa:"n","adluce-socrates":"s"}},{name:"PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI",valueMapping:{hide:"h",show:"s"}},{name:"PURR_DataProcessingConsentUI",valueMapping:{hide:"h",show:"s"}},{name:"PURR_AcceptableTrackers_v2",valueMapping:{controllers:"c",processors:"p",essentials:"e"}},{name:"PURR_AdConfiguration_v2",valueMapping:{full:"f",rdp:"r",npa:"n",adluce:"a","adluce-socrates":"s"}},{name:"PURR_DataProcessingPreferenceUI",valueMapping:{hide:"h","allow-opt-out":"o","allow-opt-in":"i","allow-opt-in-or-out":"a"}},{name:"PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI_v2",valueMapping:{hide:"h",show:"s","show-opted-out":"o"}},{name:"PURR_CaliforniaNoticesUI",valueMapping:{hide:"h",show:"s"}},{name:"PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI",valueMapping:{checked:"c",unchecked:"u"}},{name:"PURR_DeleteIPAddress",valueMapping:{delete:"d",keep:"k"}},{name:"PURR_AdConfiguration_v3",valueMapping:{full:"f",rdp:"r",npa:"n",ltd:"l","adluce-socrates":"s"}},{name:"PURR_LimitSensitivePI",valueMapping:{hide:"h",show:"s"}},{name:"PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI_v2",valueMapping:{checked:"c",unchecked:"u","do-not-display":"d"}},{name:"PURR_AdConfiguration_v4",valueMapping:{full:"f",rdp:"r",npa:"n",ltd:"l","adluce-socrates":"s","no-ads":"a"}}],L=function(e){return-1!==document.cookie.indexOf(e)},M=function(e){var t,n,i={PURR_AcceptableTrackers:0,PURR_AdConfiguration:5,PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI:2,PURR_DataProcessingConsentUI:3,PURR_AcceptableTrackers_v2:4,PURR_AdConfiguration_v2:5,PURR_DataProcessingPreferenceUI:6,PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI_v2:7,PURR_CaliforniaNoticesUI:8,PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI:9,PURR_DeleteIPAddress:10,PURR_AdConfiguration_v3:11,PURR_LimitSensitivePI:12,PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI_v2:13,PURR_AdConfiguration_v4:14},r=(t=e,2===(n="; ".concat(document.cookie).split("; ".concat(t,"="))).length?n.pop().split(";").shift():null),o={};return Object.keys(i).forEach((function(e){var t,n,a;o[e]=(t=r,n=new RegExp("^.{".concat(i[e],"}(.)")),(null==(a=t.match(n))?void 0:a[1])||"")})),U.forEach((function(e){Object.keys(e.valueMapping).forEach((function(t){e.valueMapping[t]===o[e.name]&&(o[e.name]=t)}))})),o},C={PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI:"hide",PURR_DataSaleOptOutUI_v2:"hide",PURR_CaliforniaNoticesUI:"hide",PURR_DataProcessingConsentUI:"hide",PURR_DataProcessingPreferenceUI:"hide",PURR_AcceptableTrackers_v2:"controllers",PURR_AcceptableTrackers:"controllers",PURR_AdConfiguration_v2:"full",PURR_AdConfiguration:"full",PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI:"unchecked",PURR_DeleteIPAddress:"delete",PURR_AdConfiguration_v3:"full",PURR_LimitSensitivePI:"hide",PURR_EmailMarketingOptInUI_v2:"unchecked",PURR_AdConfiguration_v4:"full"},k=function(){var e;try{return function(){if("undefined"!=typeof window){var e=window.navigator.userAgent||window.navigator.vendor,t=-1!==e.indexOf("nyt_android"),n=-1!==e.indexOf("nytios"),i=-1!==e.indexOf("nyt_xwords_ios"),r=-1!==e.indexOf("Crosswords");return t||n||i||r}return!1}()?(null===(e=null===window||void 0===window?void 0:window.config)||void 0===e?void 0:e.PurrDirectives)?window.config.PurrDirectives:L("override-purr")?M("override-purr"):O({},C):L("nyt-purr")?M("nyt-purr"):O({},C)}catch(e){return console.warn("can’t get directives from cookie or config",e),O({},C)}},V="rdp",N="ltd",j="adluce-socrates",z="no-ads",x=function(e){return e&&"_"!==e?e:null},F=function(){var e,t,n=k(),i=n.PURR_AdConfiguration_v4,r=n.PURR_AdConfiguration_v3,o=n.PURR_AdConfiguration_v2;return e=window.location.search,(t=new URLSearchParams(e))&&t.get("privacy-override")||x(i)||x(r)||x(o)};var Y=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:window;return e.googletag=e.googletag||{},e.googletag.cmd=e.googletag.cmd||[],e.googletag};function q(){var e,t,n,i,r,o=function(){window.googletag?Y().cmd.push((function(){Y()._loadStarted_||s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:P}})})):s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:D}})},a=F()===N?"https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/tag/js/gpt.js":"https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js";Y().apiReady?o():(e=a,t=o,n=function(){s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:D}})},i=document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0],r=document.createElement("script"),t&&(r.onload=t),n&&(r.onerror=n),r.src=e,r.async=!0,i.appendChild(r))}var W=function(e,n){s.publish({name:_.AD_CALLED,scope:e.id,value:t({id:e.id,position:e.position,slot:e.slot},R.TIME_CALLED,n)})};function B(e){Y().cmd.push((function(){var t=e.id,n=e.slot,i=c(t,R.TIME_CALLED,R.RESPONSE_START);W(e,i),window.apstag&&window.apstag.setDisplayBids&&window.apstag.setDisplayBids(),n.setTargeting(S,i.toString()),Y().display(t)}))}var K=function(){s.publish({name:_.AD_REFRESHED,scope:"all"})},$=function(e){var t,n;return null===(t=("undefined"!=typeof window&&window||{}).AdSlot4)||void 0===t||null===(n=t.getAdOnPage)||void 0===n?void 0:n.call(t,e)};function H(e,t){K(),Y().cmd.push((function(){e&&e.forEach((function(e){var t=e.getSlotElementId(),n=c(t,R.TIME_CALLED,R.RESPONSE_START),i=$(t);W(i,n),e.setTargeting(S,n.toString())})),e&&t?Y().pubads().refresh(e,t):e?Y().pubads().refresh(e):t?Y().pubads().refresh(null,t):Y().pubads().refresh()}))}function Z(e,t){var n=e.displayed,i=e.slot;t.isRefresh&&n?(H([i],t.changeCorrelator?null:{changeCorrelator:!1}),t.changeCorrelator=!1):(B(e),e.displayed=!0)}var Q=function(e,t){return!!(e&&t&&t.unobserve&&"function"==typeof t.unobserve)&&(t.unobserve(e),!0)};function G(e){var t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};return Object.values(t).filter((function(t){return e!==t.id}))}function J(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},t=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0,n=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,i=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;if(e.exclusive&&e.div){var r,o=e.div;switch(e.type){case"only-child":!function(e){var t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},n=e&&e.empty||t.unrenderedAds||[];n.length&&n.forEach((function(e){Q(e.AdSlotElement,e.observer),s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:e.id},scope:e.id})})),t.unrenderedAds=[],t.stopAdCalls=!0}({empty:G(o,t)},i);break;case"family-plan":void 0!==(r=t[o]&&t[o].slot&&(t[o].slot.getResponseInformation()||{}).lineItemId)&&n({adv:r,excl:"family"});break;case"blank":s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:o},scope:o})}return!0}return!1}var X=function(e){return t=document.referrer||"",!(!(n=/([a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+)(@|%40)([a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+).([a-zA-Z]{2,5})/).test(t)&&!n.test(window.location.href)&&F()!==z&&F()!==j);var t,n},ee={init:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},t=e.adsDisabled,n=e.adTargeting,r=void 0===n?{}:n;return(t=t||X())||(Y().cmd.push((function(){F()===V&&Y().pubads().setPrivacySettings({restrictDataProcessing:!0})})),r=function(e){return i(i({},e),{},{purr:F()})}(r)),i(i({},e),{},{adTargeting:r,adsDisabled:t})}},te=function(e){return Y().pubads().getSlots().find((function(t){return t.getSlotElementId()===e}))},ne=function(e,t){var n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:function(){},i=new IntersectionObserver((function(e,t){var i=e[0];n(i,t)}),t);return e&&i.observe(e),i},ie=function(e,t,n){return ne(e.AdSlotElement,{root:null,rootMargin:"".concat(t,"px"),threshold:0},(function(t,i){return function(e,t,n,i){e.isIntersecting&&(Z(n,i),t.unobserve(n.AdSlotElement))}(t,i,e,n)}))};function re(e,t,n,i){e.displayed||(e.observer=ie(e,i,n),n.unrenderedAds.push(e)),t[e.id]=e}var oe=.5,ae=.3,le=[0,.001,oe,ae],de=function(e,t){s.publish({name:t,scope:e.id,value:{id:e.id,position:e.position,creativeId:e.creativeId,lineItemId:e.lineItemId}})},se=function(){var e,t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};t.potentiallyViewable&&(null!==(e=t.viewabilityTimeout)&&void 0!==e||(t.viewabilityTimeout=setTimeout((function(){return function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};delete e.viewabilityTimeout,delete e.potentiallyViewable,e.viewable=!0,de(e,_.AD_ENTERED_VIEWPORT)}(t)}),1e3)))},ue=function(e,t,n){if(e.target){var i=null===n.root,r=e.target.clientWidth*e.target.clientHeight>=242e3?ae:oe,o=e.intersectionRatio>=r;o||(delete t.potentiallyViewable,clearTimeout(t.viewabilityTimeout),delete t.viewabilityTimeout,i?delete t.potentiallyViewableInViewport:delete t.potentiallyViewableInContainer),e.isIntersecting&&0!==e.intersectionRatio?!o||t.potentiallyViewable||t.viewable||(i&&!t.potentiallyViewableInViewport?(t.potentiallyViewableInViewport=!0,t.viewabilityContainer&&!t.potentiallyViewableInContainer||(t.potentiallyViewable=!0,se(t))):i||t.potentiallyViewableInContainer||(t.potentiallyViewableInContainer=!0,t.potentiallyViewableInViewport&&(t.potentiallyViewable=!0,se(t)))):t.viewable&&(de(t,_.AD_LEFT_VIEWPORT),delete t.viewable)}},ce=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};e.viewabilityTimeout&&(clearTimeout(e.viewabilityTimeout),delete e.viewabilityTimeout),e.viewable&&(delete e.viewable,e.potentiallyViewable=!0,de(e,_.AD_LEFT_VIEWPORT))},pe=function(e){var t;t=e.target.parentNode.id.match(/^google/)?e.target.parentNode.parentNode.id:e.target.parentNode.id;var n=te(t),i=n.getTargeting(T),r=n.getResponseInformation(),o=r.sourceAgnosticCreativeId,a=r.sourceAgnosticLineItemId;s.publish({name:e.type===f?_.AD_MOUSE_ENTER:_.AD_MOUSE_LEAVE,scope:t,value:{type:e.type===f?"hover_mouse_enter":"hover_mouse_leave",id:t,position:i,creativeId:o,lineItemId:a}})},ve=function(){return console.warn("::warning:: this function is deprecated")},fe=function(){return!("undefined"==typeof window||!window.document||!window.document.createElement)&&window.self!==window.top};function ge(e,t,n){return Y().defineSlot(e,t,n)}var me=function(e,t){var n=function(){return(arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:[]).filter((function(e){return!Number.isNaN(Number(e[0]))&&e.length>1})).sort((function(e,t){return t[0]-e[0]}))}(t),i=n.find((function(t){return t[0]<=e}));return i&&i[1]||[]},he=function(e){var t=e.observer,n=e.viewabilityObservers,i=e.AdSlotElement;return i&&(null==t||t.unobserve(i)),e.observer=null,delete e.potentiallyViewable,delete e.potentiallyViewableInContainer,delete e.potentiallyViewableInViewport,e.viewabilityObservers=function(e,t){if(t){var n=e.viewportObserver,i=e.containerObserver;Q(t,n),Q(t,i);var r=f,o=g;t.removeEventListener(r,pe),t.removeEventListener(o,pe)}return e}(n,null==i?void 0:i.querySelector("iframe")),e},Ee=function(e){var t,n=null===(t=document)||void 0===t?void 0:t.getElementById(e.id),i=null==n?void 0:n.querySelector("iframe"),r=he(e);return r.AdSlotElement=n,r.viewabilityObservers=function(e,t){var n,i=ne(t,{root:null,rootMargin:"0px",threshold:le},(function(t,n){return ue(t,e,n)}));return e.viewabilityContainer&&(n=ne(t,{root:e.viewabilityContainer,rootMargin:"0px",threshold:le},(function(t,n){return ue(t,e,n)}))),{viewportObserver:i,containerObserver:n}}(r,i),null==i||i.addEventListener(f,pe),null==i||i.addEventListener(g,pe),r};function be(e){return e&&null!=e&&e.getSlotElementId&&null!=e&&e.getTargeting?{id:e.getSlotElementId(),position:e.getTargeting(T)[0]||""}:{}}var Ae=function(e){var t=be(e.slot),n=t.id,r=t.position,o=c(n,R.TIME_CALL_SENT,R.RESPONSE_START);s.publish({name:_.AD_REQUEST_SENT,value:i(i({},e),{},{id:n,position:r,timeCallSent:o}),scope:n})},we=function(e){var t=be(e.slot),n=t.id,r=t.position,o=c(n,R.TIME_RECEIVED,"".concat(n,"-").concat(R.TIME_CALLED));s.publish({name:_.AD_RESPONSE,value:i(i({},e),{},{id:n,position:r,timeReceived:o}),scope:n})},ye=function(e){var t=be(e.slot),n=t.id,r=t.position,o=e.slot.getResponseInformation(),a=o.sourceAgnosticCreativeId,l=o.sourceAgnosticLineItemId,d=c(n,R.TIME_VIEWED,"".concat(n,"-").concat(R.TIME_CALLED));s.publish({name:_.AD_VIEWABLE,value:i(i({},e),{},{id:n,position:r,creativeId:a,lineItemId:l,timeViewed:d}),scope:n})};function Re(e){var t=window.location.href,n=e.replace(/[[]]/g,"\$&"),i=new RegExp("[?&]".concat(n,"(=([^&#]*)|&|#|$)")).exec(t);return i&&i[2]?decodeURIComponent(i[2].replace(/\+/g,"")):""}var _e=function(e){var n,r=Re("ad-keywords"),o=i(i({},e),{},{vp:window.matchMedia("(min-width: 970px)").matches?"large":window.matchMedia("(min-width: 728px)").matches?"medium":"small",uap:(n=window.navigator.userAgent,n.match(/(nyt)[_wd-]*(ios)/i)?"ios":n.match(/(nyt)[_wd-]*(android)/i)?"android":"browser")},r?t({},"adv",r):null);return Y().cmd.push((function(){var e,t,n=(e=o,t=Y().pubads().getTargetingKeys(),Object.keys(e).filter((function(e){return t.indexOf(e)<0})).reduce((function(t,n){return t[n]=e[n],t}),{}));Object.keys(n).forEach((function(e){Y().pubads().setTargeting(e,n[e])}))})),o},Pe=function(e){return function(){Object.values(e()).forEach((function(e){e.viewable&&de(e,_.AD_LEFT_VIEWPORT)}))}},Ie=function(e){return function(){"visible"===document.visibilityState?Object.values(e()).forEach(se):Object.values(e()).forEach(ce)}},De={default:[[0,[0,0]]]},Te=[[0,[3,7]]],Se=function(){if(window.AdSlot4&&window.AdSlot4.init)return window.AdSlot4;var e={},t=window.AdSlot4||{};t.props={},t.events=s,t.getSlot=te,t.refreshAdsInView=H,t.getAdsOnPage=function(){return e},t.getAdOnPage=function(t){return e[t]};var n=[ee],a={isRefresh:!1,changeCorrelator:!1,stopAdCalls:!1,unrenderedAds:[]},l=function(){return a},d=[],f=!0,g=!1;if(t.initializeAd=function(e,n){var r,l,s;if(!t.isAdSlotReady())return t.events.subscribe({name:_.AD_SLOT_READY,callback:function(){return t.initializeAd(e,n)}}),!1;var u=t.props,p=u.adUnitPath,v=u.sizeMapping,f=u.hideTopAd,g=u.adsDisabled,m=n.id,h=n.position,E=n.sizeKey,b=n.lazyLoad,A=n.truePosition,w=n.adUnitPath,y=n.adTargeting,P=n.viewabilityContainerId,D=w||p,S=E||h,O=o(document.querySelectorAll("[data-ad-view-id]")).find((function(e){return e.dataset.adViewId===P})),U=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"",t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:De,n=Re("unfillAd");return"all"===n||e&&e===n?Te:e in t?t[e]:t.default}(S,v);if("top"===h&&f)return!1;if(g)return t.events.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:I}}),!1;if(!m||!D||!U||null!=e&&null!==(r=e.classList)&&void 0!==r&&r.contains("placed-ad")||null!=e&&null!==(l=e.parentNode)&&void 0!==l&&null!==(s=l.classList)&&void 0!==s&&s.contains("placed-ad")||d.includes(m)){if(d.includes(m)){var L=t.getAdsOnPage();L&&L[m]&&e!==L[m].AdSlotElement&&re(Ee(L[m]),L,a,t.props.offset)}return!1}return a.stopAdCalls?(t.events.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:m},scope:m}),!1):(function(e,t){e&&t.push(e)}(m,d),Y().cmd.push((function(){var e=function(e,t,n){var i;if(fe())i=ge(t,me(window.outerWidth,n),e);else{var r;i=ge(t,["fluid"],e);var o=Y().sizeMapping();[].concat(n).forEach((function(e){o.addSize([e[0],0],e[1])})),null===(r=i)||void 0===r||r.defineSizeMapping(o.build())}return i}(m,D,U),n=A||h;null==e||e.setTargeting("div",m),null==e||e.setTargeting(T,n),y&&Object.keys(y).length>0&&(null==e||e.updateTargetingFromMap(y)),null==e||e.setCollapseEmptyDiv(!0),null==e||e.addService(Y().pubads());var r=Ee({id:m,slot:e,position:n,sizes:U,viewabilityObservers:null,viewabilityContainer:O}),o=c(m,R.TIME_DEFINED,R.RESPONSE_START);t.events.publish({name:_.AD_DEFINED,value:i(i({id:m,pos:n,sizes:U,truePosition:A},o>=0&&{timeDefined:o}),{},{slot:e}),scope:m});var l=t.getAdsOnPage();b||(l[m]&&l[m].slot?H([e]):B(r),r.displayed=!0),re(r,l,a,t.props.offset)})),!0)},t.fillPlacements=function(e){return!!Object.keys(t.props).length&&(!t.props.adsDisabled&&(function(){for(var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:[],t=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void 0,n=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,i=0;i<e.length;i++){var r=e[i],o=r.id,a=r.dataset,l=a.position,d=a.sizeKey,s=a.lazyLoad,u=void 0===s?"true":s,c=a.slotId,p=a.adUnitPath,v="false"!==u,f=r,g=l,m=c&&c!==o;if((o||c)&&g&&(m&&!t||!m)){if(m){g=c;var h=document.createElement("div");h.id=c,h.setAttribute("style","display: block; text-align: center; height: 100%"),f=h,r.appendChild(h)}n(f,{id:f.id,position:g,sizeKey:d,lazyLoad:v,adUnitPath:p}),r.classList.add("placed-ad")}}}(document.querySelectorAll(".place-ad:not(.placed-ad)"),e,t.initializeAd),!0))},t.updateAdReq=function(e,n){Y().cmd.push((function(){var r=te(n);n&&!r||(t.props.adTargeting=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},n=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,r={};return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(t){var i,o="".concat(e[t]);n?null===(i=n.setTargeting)||void 0===i||i.call(n,t,o):(r[t]=o,Y().pubads().setTargeting(t,o))})),i(i({},t),n?{}:r)}(e,t.getAdReq(),r))}))},t.getAdReq=function(){return t.props&&t.props.adTargeting||{}},t.refreshAd=function(e){if(t.props.adsDisabled)return!1;var n=t.getAdOnPage(e);return!(null==n||!n.displayed)&&(t.getAdsOnPage()[e]=he(n),ce(n),n.observer=ie(n,t.props.offset,i(i({},a),{},{isRefresh:!0})),!0)},t.refreshAds=function(){if(!t.props.adsDisabled){a.isRefresh=!0,a.changeCorrelator=!0,a.unrenderedAds=[],f=!1,d=[];var e=t.getAdsOnPage();Object.entries(e).forEach((function(n){var i=r(n,2),o=i[0],l=i[1],d=l.displayed;a.unrenderedAds.push(l),d&&(e[o]=he(l),ce(l),l.observer=ie(l,t.props.offset,a))})),setTimeout((function(){f=!0}),2e3)}},t.removeAdPlacement=function(e){Y().cmd.push((function(){var t,n,i,r=te(e);Y().destroySlots([r]),t=e,i=(n=d).indexOf(t),n.splice(i,1)}))},t.init=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};if(t.isAdSlotReady())return!1;var r=e.plugins,o=(n=r||n).reduce((function(e,t){return t.init&&t.init(e)||e}),e),a=o.adTargeting,d=void 0===a?{}:a,u=o.adUnitPath,f=void 0===u?"":u,P=o.offset,D=void 0===P?400:P,T=o.lockdownAds,S=void 0!==T&&T,O=o.hideTopAd,U=void 0!==O&&O,L=o.sizeMapping,M=void 0===L?{}:L,C=o.haltDFP,k=o.enablePPID,V=void 0===k?null:k,N=o.adsDisabled,j=/^tragedy$/i.test(f),z=C||N||j;return t.props={adTargeting:d,adUnitPath:f,offset:D,sizeMapping:M,hideTopAd:U,adsDisabled:z},z?t.events.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:{type:I}}):(_e(d),Y().cmd.push((function(){V&&Y().pubads().setPublisherProvidedId(V),Y().enableServices(),t.fillPlacements(!0);var e,n,r=function(){t.fillPlacements()},o=function(){return"complete"===document.readyState};o()?r():document.addEventListener(m,(function e(){o()&&(document.removeEventListener(m,e),r())})),window.addEventListener(h,Pe),window.document.addEventListener(v,Ie),Y().pubads().addEventListener(E,Ae),Y().pubads().addEventListener(b,we),Y().pubads().addEventListener(A,(e=t.getAdOnPage,function(t){var n=be(t.slot),r=n.id,o=n.position,a=c(r,R.TIME_RENDERED,"".concat(r,"-").concat(R.TIME_CALLED)),l=e(r);l&&(l.creativeId=t.sourceAgnosticCreativeId,l.lineItemId=t.sourceAgnosticLineItemId,l.renderedSize=t.size),t.isEmpty?s.publish({name:_.AD_EMPTY,value:i(i({},t),{},{type:r,id:r,position:o,timeRendered:a}),scope:r}):s.publish({name:_.AD_RENDERED,value:i(i({},t),{},{id:r,position:o,timeRendered:a}),scope:r})})),Y().pubads().addEventListener(w,(n=t.getAdsOnPage,function(e){var t=be(e.slot),r=t.id,o=t.position,a=n(),l=a[r];a[r]=Ee(l);var d=c(r,R.TIME_LOADED,"".concat(r,"-").concat(R.TIME_CALLED));s.publish({name:_.AD_LOADED,value:i(i({},e),{},{id:r,position:o,timeLoaded:d}),scope:r})})),Y().pubads().addEventListener(y,ye)})),S?Y().cmd.push((function(){Y().pubads().setForceSafeFrame(!0)})):function(e,t,n){!window||!window.addEventListener||window.addEventListener(p,(function(i){(function(e){var t,n,i=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};return!(!e||!((null===(t=e.location)||void 0===t?void 0:t.origin)===i||null!==(n=i.match)&&void 0!==n&&n.call(i,/(safeframe|tpc).googlesyndication.com$/)))})(window,i.origin)&&J(i.data,e(),t,n())}),!1)}(t.getAdsOnPage,t.updateAdReq,l),q()),g=!0,t.events.publish({name:_.AD_SLOT_READY}),g},t.isAdSlotReady=function(){return g},t.cmd)for(;t.cmd.length;)t.cmd.shift()();return t.cmd={length:0,push:function(e){e()}},window.AdSlot4=t,window.AdSlot={placeDynamicAds:t.fillPlacements,getSlot:t.getSlot,setTargeting:function(e,n){var i={};i[e]=n,t.updateAdReq(i)},setSlotTargeting:function(e,n,i){var r={};r[n]=i,t.updateAdReq(r,e.getSlotElementId())},displayAd:B,removeAdPlacement:t.removeAdPlacement,dispatch:ve,destroyAdSlots:function(){Y().cmd.push((function(){Y().destroySlots()}))},checkAdsInViewport:function e(){t.isAdSlotReady()||t.events.subscribe({name:_.AD_SLOT_READY,callback:function(){return e()}}),a.unrenderedAds=a.unrenderedAds.filter((function(e){var n=e.AdSlotElement,i=u(n,f?t.props.offset:0,0,0,0,f);return e.potentiallyViewable=i,i&&Z(e,a),!i}))},refresh:t.refreshAds,AdSlotReady:!0,adTargeting:t.props&&t.props.adTargeting||{}},t}();return Se}();</script><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta property="twitter:site" content="@wirecutter"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta name="searchObjectType" content="review"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Wirecutter: Reviews for the Real World"/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="441494522611849"/><title>We Tested 6 Countertop Composters. None Are Worth Buying. | Reviews by Wirecutter</title><meta name="description" content="We tested and analyzed the output of six food recycler machines against their environmental claims."/><link data-testid="canonical_metatag" rel="canonical" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/"/><meta property="twitter:title" content="At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It."/><meta property="twitter:description" content="We tested and analyzed the output of six food recycler machines against their environmental claims."/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/"/><meta property="og:title" content="At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It."/><meta property="og:description" content="We tested and analyzed the output of six food recycler machines against their environmental claims."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1.91:1&width=1200"/><script data-testid="jsonld_metatag" type="application/ld+json">{"@type":"Article","@context":"http://schema.org","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/","image":["https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=1:1,smart&width=1024","https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=3:2&width=1024","https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=4:3,smart&width=1024","https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=16:9,smart&width=1024"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&crop=3:2&width=1024","name":"At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.","headline":"At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.","alternativeHeadline":"We Tested 6 Countertop Composters. None Are Worth Buying.","description":"We tested and analyzed the output of six food recycler machines against their environmental claims.","datePublished":"2024-10-31","dateModified":"2024-11-01T11:06:34.000-04:00","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabine Heinlein","description":"I’m a senior staff writer on Wirecutter’s home appliance team, where I cover all kinds of vacuum cleaners. I’ve also ventured into the wild world of bunny care, vacuum cleaner enthusiasts, and basement flood prevention. Keeping my two-cat, two-rabbit home clean is one of my more acceptable obsessions.","jobTitle":null,"sameAs":null,"image":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1"}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wirecutter","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/thewirecutter/","https://www.instagram.com/wirecutter/","https://x.com/wirecutter/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-wirecutter/","https://www.youtube.com/wirecutter"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nytimes-wirecutter-logo.png","width":266,"height":34}}}</script><script data-testid="jsonldbreadcrumb_metatag" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Sustainability","item":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How to reduce food waste","item":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-reduce-food-waste/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.","item":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/"}]}</script><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=150&quality=20&crop=2:1&auto=webp"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=393&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=786&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(max-width: 393px)"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=412&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=824&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(min-width: 393.1px) and (max-width: 412px)"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=448&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=896&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(min-width: 412.1px) and (max-width: 448px)"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=768&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1536&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(min-width: 448.1px) and (max-width: 768px)"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=834&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1668&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(min-width: 768.1px) and (max-width: 834px)"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imagesrcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1024&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x" media="(min-width: 834.1px)"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="55"/><link rel="preload" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/b3757ab04fe74d8d.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/b3757ab04fe74d8d.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/badc9c08520e2069.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/badc9c08520e2069.css" data-n-p=""/><link rel="preload" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/924fd04d7d44062e.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/css/924fd04d7d44062e.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-c67a75d1b6f99dc8.js"></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/webpack-db3fb02e926c3f99.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/framework-fc1f2e8247ad02c2.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/main-7bd727e612b9b511.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-b7336fe2dd955557.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/27-364669f258516578.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/2-313fe79ce2e5a6bb.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/11-a00c0792de49c1b6.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/678-91ab2bc284257c14.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/723-4c6bd72e0690de93.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/821-54fcfd0501c368b9.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/182-84d84d318ce3599f.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/chunks/pages/review-b0d76c1f3f90c53a.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/Qnqi18y7LqQDrh1KRTyBu/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net/_next/static/Qnqi18y7LqQDrh1KRTyBu/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script></head><body class=""><div id="__next" data-reactroot=""><div><div><div><div class="ec4eddfb ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-top" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-top-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-top"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-top"></div></div></div></div><div class="fbf608df"><header id="site_header_wrapper" class="d35cdbc0 " tabindex="0" data-testid="site-header"><div class="f3542bab e1a89590"><div class="c149d6cc"><div class="b22408cd ad4d927c" id="site_head__mobile"><div class="b2133ca6"><div class="e9c65b25"><a class="f461f32d" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/" aria-label="Wirecutter" title="Wirecutter" data-testid="wirecutter-home-link-mobile"><span class="bff7037b" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 324 41.76" fill="currentColor" class="a4141e5b"><title>Wirecutter</title><path d="M31.59,25.56a12.44,12.44,0,0,1-7,7.37V25.56l4-3.63-4-3.58V13.28A6.36,6.36,0,0,0,30.82,7c0-4.35-4.14-5.88-6.49-5.88a7.18,7.18,0,0,0-1.9.2v.2c.31,0,.77-.05.92-.05,1.64,0,2.87.77,2.87,2.25A2.36,2.36,0,0,1,23.66,6c-4,0-8.8-3.28-14-3.28-4.6,0-7.77,3.43-7.77,6.91s2,4.55,4.09,5.32l0-.21a2.45,2.45,0,0,1-1.12-2.25A3,3,0,0,1,8.16,9.65c4.35,0,11.36,3.63,15.71,3.63h.41V18.4l-4.05,3.53,4.05,3.63V33a15.22,15.22,0,0,1-5.22.87C12.3,33.9,8,29.81,8,23a16.54,16.54,0,0,1,.66-4.76l3.38-1.48v15l6.85-3V13.38L8.82,17.89a11,11,0,0,1,5.63-6.35l0-.15C7.65,12.87,1.1,18,1.1,25.66c0,8.85,7.47,15,16.17,15,9.21,0,14.42-6.14,14.47-15.09Z"></path><path d="M122.4,32.24V21h-2.05V14.32H134v3.79c2.2-2.35,4.66-4.35,8.09-4.35a13.67,13.67,0,0,1,1.43.05v8.5a20.92,20.92,0,0,0-5.48.41,5.35,5.35,0,0,0-3.43,2.36c-.46.87-.61,1.89-.61,4.71v2.45h2.76V38.9H120.35V32.24Z"></path><path d="M158.75,39.41c-3.69,0-7.79-.77-10.65-3.33a12.44,12.44,0,0,1-4.25-9.57c0-8,6.4-12.7,14-12.7,8.29,0,13.77,5.84,13.77,12.9,0,.82-.05,1.59-.1,2.41H155.47c.31,2.87,1.84,4.15,4.2,4.15a4.55,4.55,0,0,0,3.84-2.15h8C169.86,36.75,164.69,39.41,158.75,39.41Zm-3.33-14.08h6v-.61c0-2.1-.51-4.25-3-4.25a2.8,2.8,0,0,0-2.76,1.94A7.91,7.91,0,0,0,155.42,25.33Z"></path><path d="M184.35,13.81c2.61,0,4.71.62,6,2.1V14.32h7.37V23.9h-7.37c0-2.25-1-3.43-2.46-3.43-1.84,0-3.07,2-3.07,4.81,0,4.66,2.92,6.91,7,6.91a21,21,0,0,0,5.94-.92v6.4a24,24,0,0,1-9.52,1.74,16.1,16.1,0,0,1-8.5-1.94,13.21,13.21,0,0,1-6.45-11.63C173.29,18.88,178,13.81,184.35,13.81Z"></path><path d="M210.46,39.41c-5.48,0-8.86-3.17-8.86-8.29V21h-2.15V14.32h13.72V29.07c0,2.05.87,3.17,2.61,3.17,1.54,0,2.46-1.12,2.46-3.17V21h-2.3V14.32h13.87V32.24h2.05V38.9H218.24V36C216.4,37.47,213.58,39.41,210.46,39.41Z"></path><path d="M232.38,21V14.32h2.31V6.64h11.57v7.68h3.43V21h-3.43V32.24h3.43V38.9h-15V21Z"></path><path d="M251.17,21V14.32h2.31V6.64h11.57v7.68h3.43V21h-3.43V32.24h3.43V38.9h-15V21Z"></path><path d="M285,39.41c-3.68,0-7.78-.77-10.65-3.33a12.48,12.48,0,0,1-4.25-9.57c0-8,6.4-12.7,14-12.7,8.3,0,13.78,5.84,13.78,12.9,0,.82-.05,1.59-.1,2.41H281.74c.3,2.87,1.84,4.15,4.2,4.15a4.57,4.57,0,0,0,3.84-2.15h8C296.13,36.75,291,39.41,285,39.41Zm-3.32-14.08h6v-.61c0-2.1-.51-4.25-3-4.25a2.81,2.81,0,0,0-2.77,1.94A8,8,0,0,0,281.69,25.33Z"></path><path d="M301.81,32.24V21h-2.05V14.32h13.62v3.79c2.2-2.35,4.66-4.35,8.09-4.35a13.67,13.67,0,0,1,1.43.05v8.5a20.92,20.92,0,0,0-5.48.41A5.35,5.35,0,0,0,314,25.08c-.46.87-.61,1.89-.61,4.71v2.45h2.76V38.9H299.76V32.24Z"></path><path d="M105,32.28V21.09h-2V14.48h13.53v17.8h2.13v6.61H102.94V32.28Zm11.5-29v8.69H105V3.24Z"></path><path d="M52.3,10.43V3.24H69.24v7.19H66.9l3.58,14.41h0L76,3.24h8.82l5.42,22.3h.09l3.91-15.11H90.58V3.24h12.3v7.19h-1.4l-8,28.47H82.2l-4-16.11h-.1L74,38.9H62.64L54.57,10.43Z"></path><rect width=".94" height="35.54" x="41.15" y="3.44"></rect></svg></span><span class="ebd6dff4">Wirecutter</span></a></div></div></div><a aria-label="Skip to Content" class="b5c2e42d" href="#main">Skip To Content</a><section class="d331c49f c649ae83"><div class="c3897ecf"><button aria-controls="site-search" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle search form" class="f37f77c3" data-testid="search-button" type="button"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.99118 9.00883C5.28238 7.30003 5.28238 4.51947 6.99118 2.81029C8.69997 1.1015 11.4805 1.1015 13.1897 2.81029C14.8985 4.51947 14.8985 7.30003 13.1893 9.00883C11.4805 10.7176 8.69997 10.7176 6.99118 9.00883ZM14.271 10.0902C16.5763 7.78487 16.5763 4.03425 14.271 1.72896C11.9658 -0.576321 8.21475 -0.576321 5.90946 1.72896C3.88178 3.75665 3.63974 6.90161 5.17914 9.19886L0 14.3776L1.62238 16L6.80114 10.8209C9.09839 12.3603 12.2434 12.1178 14.271 10.0902Z"></path></svg></button><form action="/wirecutter/search/" class="bfb3ecbb" data-gtm-element="site-search" data-search-context="primary_nav" disabled="" id="search-form-primary_nav" method="get" role="search"><div class="e9f44cb3"><input type="search" aria-label="Search Wirecutter" class="feeab0c7" data-gtm-element="site-search-input" id="search-input-primary_nav" name="s" value=""/><div aria-hidden="true" class="c73ba198">How can we help?</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="dd9be26b">Help me decide on...</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="b51aa329">Show me the research on...</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="d00df7fc">How can we help?</div></div><button type="submit" class="d6299e5b" disabled="" aria-label="Submit"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.99118 9.00883C5.28238 7.30003 5.28238 4.51947 6.99118 2.81029C8.69997 1.1015 11.4805 1.1015 13.1897 2.81029C14.8985 4.51947 14.8985 7.30003 13.1893 9.00883C11.4805 10.7176 8.69997 10.7176 6.99118 9.00883ZM14.271 10.0902C16.5763 7.78487 16.5763 4.03425 14.271 1.72896C11.9658 -0.576321 8.21475 -0.576321 5.90946 1.72896C3.88178 3.75665 3.63974 6.90161 5.17914 9.19886L0 14.3776L1.62238 16L6.80114 10.8209C9.09839 12.3603 12.2434 12.1178 14.271 10.0902Z"></path></svg></button></form></div></section><div class="b2133ca6"><div class="e9c65b25"><a class="f461f32d" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/" aria-label="Wirecutter" title="Wirecutter" data-testid="wirecutter-home-link-desktop"><span class="bff7037b" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 324 41.76" fill="currentColor" class="a4141e5b"><title>Wirecutter</title><path d="M31.59,25.56a12.44,12.44,0,0,1-7,7.37V25.56l4-3.63-4-3.58V13.28A6.36,6.36,0,0,0,30.82,7c0-4.35-4.14-5.88-6.49-5.88a7.18,7.18,0,0,0-1.9.2v.2c.31,0,.77-.05.92-.05,1.64,0,2.87.77,2.87,2.25A2.36,2.36,0,0,1,23.66,6c-4,0-8.8-3.28-14-3.28-4.6,0-7.77,3.43-7.77,6.91s2,4.55,4.09,5.32l0-.21a2.45,2.45,0,0,1-1.12-2.25A3,3,0,0,1,8.16,9.65c4.35,0,11.36,3.63,15.71,3.63h.41V18.4l-4.05,3.53,4.05,3.63V33a15.22,15.22,0,0,1-5.22.87C12.3,33.9,8,29.81,8,23a16.54,16.54,0,0,1,.66-4.76l3.38-1.48v15l6.85-3V13.38L8.82,17.89a11,11,0,0,1,5.63-6.35l0-.15C7.65,12.87,1.1,18,1.1,25.66c0,8.85,7.47,15,16.17,15,9.21,0,14.42-6.14,14.47-15.09Z"></path><path d="M122.4,32.24V21h-2.05V14.32H134v3.79c2.2-2.35,4.66-4.35,8.09-4.35a13.67,13.67,0,0,1,1.43.05v8.5a20.92,20.92,0,0,0-5.48.41,5.35,5.35,0,0,0-3.43,2.36c-.46.87-.61,1.89-.61,4.71v2.45h2.76V38.9H120.35V32.24Z"></path><path d="M158.75,39.41c-3.69,0-7.79-.77-10.65-3.33a12.44,12.44,0,0,1-4.25-9.57c0-8,6.4-12.7,14-12.7,8.29,0,13.77,5.84,13.77,12.9,0,.82-.05,1.59-.1,2.41H155.47c.31,2.87,1.84,4.15,4.2,4.15a4.55,4.55,0,0,0,3.84-2.15h8C169.86,36.75,164.69,39.41,158.75,39.41Zm-3.33-14.08h6v-.61c0-2.1-.51-4.25-3-4.25a2.8,2.8,0,0,0-2.76,1.94A7.91,7.91,0,0,0,155.42,25.33Z"></path><path d="M184.35,13.81c2.61,0,4.71.62,6,2.1V14.32h7.37V23.9h-7.37c0-2.25-1-3.43-2.46-3.43-1.84,0-3.07,2-3.07,4.81,0,4.66,2.92,6.91,7,6.91a21,21,0,0,0,5.94-.92v6.4a24,24,0,0,1-9.52,1.74,16.1,16.1,0,0,1-8.5-1.94,13.21,13.21,0,0,1-6.45-11.63C173.29,18.88,178,13.81,184.35,13.81Z"></path><path d="M210.46,39.41c-5.48,0-8.86-3.17-8.86-8.29V21h-2.15V14.32h13.72V29.07c0,2.05.87,3.17,2.61,3.17,1.54,0,2.46-1.12,2.46-3.17V21h-2.3V14.32h13.87V32.24h2.05V38.9H218.24V36C216.4,37.47,213.58,39.41,210.46,39.41Z"></path><path d="M232.38,21V14.32h2.31V6.64h11.57v7.68h3.43V21h-3.43V32.24h3.43V38.9h-15V21Z"></path><path d="M251.17,21V14.32h2.31V6.64h11.57v7.68h3.43V21h-3.43V32.24h3.43V38.9h-15V21Z"></path><path d="M285,39.41c-3.68,0-7.78-.77-10.65-3.33a12.48,12.48,0,0,1-4.25-9.57c0-8,6.4-12.7,14-12.7,8.3,0,13.78,5.84,13.78,12.9,0,.82-.05,1.59-.1,2.41H281.74c.3,2.87,1.84,4.15,4.2,4.15a4.57,4.57,0,0,0,3.84-2.15h8C296.13,36.75,291,39.41,285,39.41Zm-3.32-14.08h6v-.61c0-2.1-.51-4.25-3-4.25a2.81,2.81,0,0,0-2.77,1.94A8,8,0,0,0,281.69,25.33Z"></path><path d="M301.81,32.24V21h-2.05V14.32h13.62v3.79c2.2-2.35,4.66-4.35,8.09-4.35a13.67,13.67,0,0,1,1.43.05v8.5a20.92,20.92,0,0,0-5.48.41A5.35,5.35,0,0,0,314,25.08c-.46.87-.61,1.89-.61,4.71v2.45h2.76V38.9H299.76V32.24Z"></path><path d="M105,32.28V21.09h-2V14.48h13.53v17.8h2.13v6.61H102.94V32.28Zm11.5-29v8.69H105V3.24Z"></path><path d="M52.3,10.43V3.24H69.24v7.19H66.9l3.58,14.41h0L76,3.24h8.82l5.42,22.3h.09l3.91-15.11H90.58V3.24h12.3v7.19h-1.4l-8,28.47H82.2l-4-16.11h-.1L74,38.9H62.64L54.57,10.43Z"></path><rect width=".94" height="35.54" x="41.15" y="3.44"></rect></svg></span><span class="ebd6dff4">Wirecutter</span></a></div></div><div class="bdcd0f07"><div aria-hidden="true" class="d5456b46"><button class="a8d81f91" data-testid="account-nav-logged-in-false"><span aria-hidden="false" aria-label="login" class="b3c8976e">Log in</span><span aria-hidden="true" aria-label="account" class="da6eac71">Account</span></button></div></div><div class="a100d471"><div class="c175c554"><nav id="nested-nav-desktop" class="f50364ab" data-testid="nested-nav-desktop"><ul class="eb8c04d6" data-testid="nav-titles"><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Black Friday">Black Friday</span><div class="b80412a6 af82b800" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Black Friday deals</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/best-early-black-friday-deals-2024-1114/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Early Black Friday deals</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Deals by Retailer</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/early-amazon-black-friday-deals-2024-1123/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Amazon Black Friday deals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/early-best-buy-black-friday-deals-2024-1108/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Best Buy Black Friday deals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/rei-winter-sale-2024-1115/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> REI Winter Sale deals</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Gifts">Gifts</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Holiday Gifts</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> For Occasions</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-christmas-gift-ideas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Christmas gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/hanukkah-gift-ideas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hanukkah gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-secret-santa-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Secret Santa gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/white-elephant-ideas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> White elephant gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-last-minute-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Last‑minute Christmas gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/stocking-stuffers-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stocking stuffer ideas for kids</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/stocking-stuffers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stocking stuffers for adults</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/cheap-just-in-case-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Just‑in‑case gifts for guests</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-hostess-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Host and hostess gifts</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> For Hobbyists</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gamers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for gamers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-travelers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for travelers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-cyclists/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for cyclists</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-runners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for runners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-golf-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for golfers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-plant-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for plant lovers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gifts-for-book-lovers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for book lovers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-coffee-lovers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for coffee lovers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-photographers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for photographers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gardeners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for gardeners</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Unique Gifts</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/personalized/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Personalized gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-remote-work-from-home/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Work from home gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-that-last-forever/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts that last forever</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/great-gifts-for-listening-to-music/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for listening to music</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-tech-gadget-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Tech gifts for gadget lovers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-alcohol-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Alcohol gifts for cocktail lovers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gifts-for-people-who-are-always-cold/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> For people who are always cold</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-people-who-love-to-clean/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> For people who love to clean</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Gifts</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Gifts for Grown-Ups</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> For Occasions</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-housewarming-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Housewarming gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-anniversary-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Anniversary gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-retirement-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Retirement gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-birthday-gifts-for-her/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Birthday gifts for her</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-coworkers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for coworkers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-new-moms/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for new moms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-bridal-shower-gifts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bridal shower gifts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-flower-delivery/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Flower delivery</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gift-baskets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gift baskets</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> For Loved Ones</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-boyfriend/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for boyfriends</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-girlfriend/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for girlfriends</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-mom/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for moms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-dad/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for dads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-grandparents/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for grandparents</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-people-who-have-everything/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for someone who has everything</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Under Budget</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-25/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts under $25</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-50/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts under $50</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-100/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts under $100</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Gifts for Grown‑Ups</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Gifts for Kids</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Ages 1‑6</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-toys-for-1-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 1‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-toys-for-2-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 2‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-3-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 3‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-4-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 4‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-5-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 5‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-6-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 6‑year‑olds</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Ages 7 & Up</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-7-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 7‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-8-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 8‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-9-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 9‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-10-year-olds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for 10‑year‑olds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-tweens/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for tweens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-teens/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for teens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Gifts for Kids</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Gifts to Give</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tech</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-custom-photo-card-service/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Holiday photo cards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Digital photo frames</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant photo printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-turntable/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Turntables & record players</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-guns/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Massage guns</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standalone-vr-headset/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> VR headsets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-karaoke-machines/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Karaoke machines</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-3d-pen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 3D pens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/games-puzzles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Games</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-we-love/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-two-player-board-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Two‑player board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Board games for kids & families</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-card-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Card games</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> DNA Test Kits</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dna-test/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> DNA testing kits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-dna-test/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog DNA tests</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Everything Else</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smokeless-fire-pits/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smokeless fire pits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mug-warmers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mug warmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-bird-feeder/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart bird feeders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-disposable-cameras/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Disposable cameras</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Deals</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Deals by retailer</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-apple-deals/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Apple deals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-buy-deals/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Best Buy deals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-target-deals/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Target deals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-walmart-deals/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Walmart deals</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Home & Garden">Home & Garden</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Vacuums, Cleaning, & Laundry</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/appliances/vacuums/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Vacuum Cleaners</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-cleaner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vacuum cleaners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-upright-canister-vacuums/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Upright vacuums</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cordless-stick-vacuum/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cordless vacuums</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-vacuum/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Robot vacuums</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-handheld-vacuum/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Handheld vacuums</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-for-hardwood-floors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hardwood floor vacuums</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-for-pet-hair/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vacuums for pet hair</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-car-vacuum/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Car vacuums</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Mops & Cleaners</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/testing-robot-vacuum-mop-combos/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Robot mops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wet-mop/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wet mops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-carpet-and-upholstery-cleaner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable carpet & upholstery cleaners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-upright-carpet-cleaners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Carpet cleaners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/a-great-shop-vacuum-or-wet-dry-vac/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wet/dry vacs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-broom-dustpan-dustmop/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Brooms, dustpans, & dust mops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-purpose-cleaner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Surface cleaners & disinfectants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/closet-laundry/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Laundry</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-washer-and-dryer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Washers & dryers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compact-washer-and-dryer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Compact washers & dryers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-clothes-iron/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Irons</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ironing-board/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ironing boards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-clothing-steamers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Clothing steamers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-laundry-detergent/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laundry detergents</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laundry-stain-remover/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stain removers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cleaning/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Cleaning</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Bathroom</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Toilet</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toilets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bidet-toilet-seat-washlet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bidets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-toilet-paper/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toilet papers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet-brush/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toilet brushes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet-plunger/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toilet plungers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/squatty-potty-review/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Squatty potties</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Shower</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-head/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Shower heads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-curtain/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Shower curtains</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-caddy/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Shower caddies</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-shower-mat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Shower mats</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Bathroom</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bathroom-scales/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bathroom scales</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bath-towel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bath towels</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bathroom-rugs-and-bath-mats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bath mats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-grab-bars/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Grab bars</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/bathroom/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Bathroom</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Garden & Outdoors</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/gardening/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Gardening & Lawn</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-garden-hose/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Garden hoses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hose-nozzle/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hose nozzles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-gardening-gloves/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gardening gloves</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-garden-pruners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Garden pruners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gardeners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gifts for gardeners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lawnmower/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lawn mowers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-lawn-mower/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Robot lawn mowers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-reel-mower/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Reel mowers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-sprinkler/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sprinklers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-sprinkler-controller/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart sprinkler timers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/garage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Maintenance</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-leafblowers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Leaf blowers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-snow-blowers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Snow blowers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pressure-washer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pressure washers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chainsaw/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Chainsaws</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-string-trimmers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> String trimmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-snow-shovels/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Snow shovels</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/a-great-shop-vacuum-or-wet-dry-vac/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wet/dry vacs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Patio</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-furniture/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Patio furniture</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-umbrella-and-stand/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Patio umbrellas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-patio-heaters/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Patio heaters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smokeless-fire-pits/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smokeless fire pits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mosquito-control-gear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mosquito repellents for yards</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Heating, Cooling, & Air Quality</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Heating</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-space-heaters/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Space heaters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/heat-pump-buying-guide/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Heat pumps</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cooling/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Cooling</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-conditioner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Air conditioners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-portable-air-conditioner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable air conditioners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-ductless-mini-split-air-conditioner/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ductless air conditioners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fan/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Fans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cordless-fans/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cordless fans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-thermostat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart thermostats</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Air Quality</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-purifier/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Air purifiers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-humidifier/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Humidifiers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dehumidifier/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dehumidifiers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-air-quality-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Home air quality monitors</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Water Quality</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-filter-pitcher/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water filter pitchers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-under-sink-water-filter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Under‑sink water filters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-faucet-water-filter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Faucet‑mounted water filters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-quality-test-kit-for-your-home/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water quality test kits</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Home & Decor</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Decor</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-area-rugs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Area rugs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rug-pads/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rug pads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-removable-wallpapers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Removable wallpapers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-throw-blankets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Throw blankets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-essential-oil-diffusers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Essential oil diffusers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-candles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Scented candles</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Window Treatments</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blackout-shades/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blackout shades</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blackout-curtains/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blackout curtains</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/furniture/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Furniture</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/buying-a-sofa/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sofas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-chairs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Massage chairs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/dining-and-kitchen-tables-we-like-under-1000/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dining tables</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Lighting</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-floor-lamps-under-300/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Floor lamps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-led-desk-lamp/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Desk lamps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-bedside-lamps-under-200/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bedside lamps</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Holiday</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-holiday-decorations/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Holiday & Christmas decorations</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-artificial-christmas-tree/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Christmas trees</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-christmas-lights/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Christmas lights</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-modern-menorahs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Modern menorahs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Home</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Home Improvement</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/tools/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Tools</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-drill-for-common-household-projects/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-multitool/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Multi‑tools</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stud-finder/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stud finders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-screwdriver/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Screwdrivers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-basic-home-toolkit/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Basic toolkits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toolbox/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toolboxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ladders/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ladders</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/storage-home-garden/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Storage & Organization</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-storage-containers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Storage containers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-shoe-rack/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Shoe racks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hangers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hangers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Electric</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-led-lightbulb/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> LED light bulbs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surge-protector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Surge protectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-extension-cords-for-your-home-and-garage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Extension cords</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Pest Control</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-roach-killers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Roach killers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ant-killer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ant killers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mousetrap/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mousetraps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mosquito-control-gear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mosquito repellents for yards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hornet-wasp-spray/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wasp & hornet sprays</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bug-killing-gear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bug‑killing gear</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Home Security & Safety</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Security Systems & Cameras</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-security-system/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Home security systems</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-home-security-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Indoor security cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-outdoor-home-security-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Outdoor security cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-doorbell-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Doorbell cameras</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Locks</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electronic-keypad-door-lock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electronic keypad door locks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-lock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart locks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-door-lock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Door locks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Safety</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-basic-smoke-alarm/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Basic smoke alarms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-smoke-alarm/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart smoke alarms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fire-extinguisher/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Fire extinguishers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flashlight/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Flashlights</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/emergency-preparedness/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Emergency Preparedness</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/emergency-preparedness/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Emergency preparedness supplies</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-emergency-weather-radio/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Emergency weather radios</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-generator/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable generators</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/safety-home-garden/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Home Security & Safety</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Office</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/printers-scanners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Printers</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-in-one-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> All‑in‑one printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-printers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Home printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laser-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laser printers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Monitors</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-monitors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 4K monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-27-inch-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 27‑inch monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable monitors</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Office Essentials</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-webcams/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Webcams</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-headset-for-the-office/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Office headsets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-stands/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptop stands</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitor-arms/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Monitor arms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-label-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Label makers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Document Security</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-paper-shredders/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Paper shredders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fireproof-document-safe/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Fireproof document safes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Stationery</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-notebooks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Notebooks & notepads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-paper-planners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Planners</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/furniture-office/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Office Furniture</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standing-desk/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Standing desks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-office-chair/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Office chairs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ergonomic-seat-cushions/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ergonomic seat cushions</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Office</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Sleep</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/mattresses/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Mattresses</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattress/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattresses-for-side-sleepers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mattresses for side sleepers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mattresses-for-back-pain/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mattresses for back pain</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-foam-mattresses-you-can-buy-online/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Memory foam mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-mattress/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cheap mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hybrid-mattresses/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hybrid mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-innerspring-mattress/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Innerspring mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-mattress/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Air mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattress-toppers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mattress toppers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/sheets-bedding/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Bedding</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sheets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sheets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cotton-sheets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cotton sheets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-comforter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Comforters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-duvet-cover/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Duvet covers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/pillows/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Pillows</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bed-pillows/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pillows</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pillows for side sleepers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-memory-foam-pillows/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Memory foam pillows</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/bedroom/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Bedroom</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-modern-bed-frames/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Modern bed frames</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-platform-bed-frames-under-300/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Platform bed frames</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blankets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blankets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-weighted-blankets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Weighted blankets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-noise-machine/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> White noise machines</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-alarm-clock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Alarm clocks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sunrise-alarm-clock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sunrise alarm clocks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Sleep</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Kitchen">Kitchen</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Large Appliances</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Fridges</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-refrigerator/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Refrigerators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-french-door-refrigerators/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> French door refrigerators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-side-by-side-refrigerators/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Side‑by‑side refrigerators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-garage-refrigerator/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Garage refrigerators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-counter-depth-refrigerator/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Counter‑depth refrigerators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-fridges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wine coolers & fridges</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Freezers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-freezer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Upright freezers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chest-freezers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Chest freezers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Stoves, Ranges, & Ovens</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-and-gas-ranges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric stoves & ranges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gas-ranges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gas stoves & ranges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slide-in-electric-ranges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Slide‑in electric ranges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slide-in-gas-ranges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Slide‑in gas ranges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-high-end-ranges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> High‑end ranges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-induction-cooktop/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Induction cooktops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wall-ovens/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wall ovens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Dishwashers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-dishwasher/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dishwashers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/large-appliances/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Large Appliances</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Small Appliances</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Small Appliances</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-microwave/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Microwaves</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-food-processor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Food processors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toaster/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toasters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-kettle/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric kettles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-induction-cooktop/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable induction cooktops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-fridge/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mini fridges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-ice-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Countertop ice makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stand-mixer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stand mixers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-juicer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Juicers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Blenders</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blender/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blenders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-personal-blender/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Personal blenders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-immersion-blender/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Immersion blenders</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Specialty</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ice cream makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soda-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Soda makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-waffle-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Waffle makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pizza-oven/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pizza ovens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Air Fryers & Toaster Ovens</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-fryer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Air fryers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-fryer-toaster-oven/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Air fryer toaster ovens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-toaster-oven/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toaster ovens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Cookers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-rice-cooker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rice cookers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-pressure-cooker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pressure cookers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slow-cooker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Slow cookers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/appliances/small/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Small Appliances</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Cooking & Baking</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Cookware & Bakeware</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nonstick-pan/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nonstick pans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cookware-set/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cookware sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-skillet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stainless steel pans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cast-iron-skillet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cast iron skillets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dutch-oven/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dutch ovens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-woks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Woks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-induction-cookware/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Induction cookware</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pizza-stone-and-baking-steel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pizza stones & baking steels</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cookie-sheet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baking sheets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mixing-bowls/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mixing bowls</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/tools-kitchen-dining/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Tools</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-instant-read-thermometer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Meat thermometers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cutting-board/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cutting boards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kitchen-scale/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kitchen scales</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-oven-mitts-and-pot-holders/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Oven mitts & pot holders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-sealer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vacuum sealers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pepper-mill/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pepper mills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-spatula/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Spatulas</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Knives</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-chefs-knife-for-most-cooks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Chef's knives</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-knife-set/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Knife sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-steak-knife-set/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Steak knife sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-serrated-knife/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Serrated bread knives</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-paring-knife/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Paring knives</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-knife-sharpening-tool/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Knife sharpeners</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Cooking & Baking</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Coffee & Tea</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Coffee Makers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-coffee-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Coffee makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drip-coffee-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drip coffee makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-single-serve-coffee-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Single‑serve coffee makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-coffee-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cheap coffee makers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cold-brew-coffee-maker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cold‑brew coffee makers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Espresso Machines</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-espresso-machine-grinder-and-accessories-for-beginners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Espresso machines</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nespresso-machine/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nespresso machines</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Coffee Gear</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-coffee-grinder/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Coffee grinders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-french-press/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> French presses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gear-for-making-great-coffee/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pour‑over coffee gear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-milk-frothers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Milk frothers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tea</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-kettle/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric kettles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-teas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Teas</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/coffee/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Coffee & Tea</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Food & Drinks</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Pantry</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-olive-oil/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Olive oils</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/best-instant-noodles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant noodles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-canned-tomatoes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Canned tomatoes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-creamy-peanut-butter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Peanut butters</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Refrigerator</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-american-cheese/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> American cheeses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ketchup/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ketchups</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-butter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Butters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vegan-butter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vegan butters</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Freezer</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-sandwiches/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ice cream sandwiches</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vegan-ice-cream/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vegan ice creams</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vanilla-ice-cream/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vanilla ice creams</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-frozen-pizzas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Frozen pizzas</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Drinks</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blanco-tequilas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blanco tequilas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vodka/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vodkas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gins/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gins</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hard-seltzers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hard seltzers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-non-alcoholic-drinks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nonalcoholic drinks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nonalcoholic-wines/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nonalcoholic wines</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-clubs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wine clubs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/food/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Food & Drinks</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Dining, Entertaining, & Grilling</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tableware</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flatware/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Flatware</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dinnerware-set/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dinnerware sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-steak-knife-set/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Steak knife sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drinking-glass/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drinking glasses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-napkins-and-tablecloth/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Napkins & tablecloths</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-tapered-candles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Tapered candles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-dishes-for-outdoors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Outdoor dinnerware</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/wine-bar/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Wine & Bar</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-glass/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wine glasses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-corkscrew/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Corkscrews</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-fridges/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wine coolers & fridges</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-barware-for-making-cocktails-at-home/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cocktail barware</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Dining Tables & Seating</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/dining-and-kitchen-tables-we-like-under-1000/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dining tables</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-tables/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Folding tables</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-chairs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Folding chairs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-furniture/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Patio furniture</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Grilling</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gas-grill/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gas grills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-charcoal-grill/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Charcoal grills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pellet-grill/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pellet smoker grills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-grills/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable grills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-grill-tools/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Grill tools & accessories</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/entertaining/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Dining & Entertaining</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Supplies</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/storage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Storage</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-food-storage-containers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Food storage containers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dry-food-storage-containers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dry food storage containers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lunch-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lunch boxes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cleaning/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Cleaning</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dish-rack/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dish racks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kitchen-towels/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kitchen towels</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dish-soap/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dish soaps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dishwasher-detergent/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dishwasher detergents</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Waste</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trash-can/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kitchen trash cans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Compost bins</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Food recyclers</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Health & Lifestyle">Health & Lifestyle</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Fitness</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/exercise/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Exercise</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-treadmill/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Treadmills</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-exercise-bikes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Exercise bikes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-adjustable-dumbbells/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Adjustable dumbbells</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-yoga-mats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Yoga mats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pull-up-bars/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pull‑up bars</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-resistance-bands/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Resistance bands</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-guns/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Massage guns</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gym-bag/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gym bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Running headphones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-workout-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Workout headphones</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/wearables/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Trackers</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-fitness-trackers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Fitness trackers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-watch/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> GPS running watches</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Bikes & Scooters</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hybrid-commuter-bike/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hybrid bikes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-scooter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric scooters</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/cycling/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Biking Gear</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-helmet-for-commuters/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike helmets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-commuter-bike-lights/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike lights</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-lock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike locks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-phone-mount/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike phone mounts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rear-bike-rack/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rear bike racks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-pump/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike pumps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-racks-for-small-homes-and-apartments/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bike storage ideas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-rack-for-cars/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Car bike racks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Fitness</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Health</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/medical-supplies/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Medical</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blood-pressure-monitors-for-home-use/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blood pressure monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-thermometer-for-kids-and-adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Thermometers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-heating-pad/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Heating pads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pill-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pill boxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-multivitamins/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Multivitamins</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compression-socks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Compression socks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-over-the-counter-hearing-aids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Over‑the‑counter hearing aids</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Mental Health</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-meditation-apps/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Meditation apps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-light-therapy-lamp/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Light therapy lamps</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/accessibility/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Accessibility & Aging</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-walkers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Walkers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-medical-alert-systems/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Medical alert systems</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-adult-diapers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Adult diapers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Health</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Personal Care</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Grooming</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-razor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric razors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beard-trimmer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beard trimmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pubic-hair-trimmer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pubic hair trimmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hair-clippers-for-home-use/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hair clippers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Beauty & Hair</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lip-balm/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lip balms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mascara/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mascaras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hair-dryer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hair dryers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drugstore-makeup-skincare/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drugstore makeup</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-makeup-brushes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Makeup brushes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Sunscreen</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sunscreen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sunscreens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-face-sunscreens/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Face sunscreens</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Menstruation</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/thinx-period-panties/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Period underwear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-menstrual-cup/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Menstrual cups & discs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Hydration</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-bottle/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water bottles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-mug/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel mugs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Dental</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-toothbrush/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric toothbrushes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-flossers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water flossers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/adult/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Adult & Sex</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vibrators/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Vibrators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-condoms/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Condoms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-personal-lubricants/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lube</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-vaporizer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable vaporizers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cannabis-grinder/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cannabis grinders</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/personal-care/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Personal Care</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Outdoors</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Outdoors</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bug-repellent/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bug repellents</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hard-cooler/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Coolers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Umbrellas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-binoculars/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Binoculars</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ski-and-snowboard-goggles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ski goggles</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/apparel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Apparel</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-rain-jacket/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rain jackets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-jacket/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Down jackets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sun-protection-clothing/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> UPF clothing</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/camping/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Camping</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tent-for-family-and-car-camping/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Camping tents</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleeping-bag-for-car-camping/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleeping bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleeping-pads-for-backpacking-and-car-camping/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleeping pads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-outdoor-chairs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Camping chairs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/hiking/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Hiking</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-boots/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hiking boots</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-socks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hiking socks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trekking-poles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Trekking poles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-filtered-water-bottles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Filtered water bottles</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/swim/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Beach</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-umbrella-is-not-an-umbrella/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beach umbrellas & shades</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-bag/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beach bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-towel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beach towels</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Safety</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-generator/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable generators</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pocket-knife/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pocket knives</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-headlamp/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Headlamps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hand-warmer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hand warmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flashlight/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Flashlights</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Travel</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Luggage</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-checked-luggage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Checked luggage</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-duffle-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Duffle bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-carry-on-luggage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Carry‑on luggage</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-carry-on-travel-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Carry‑on travel backpacks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-backpack/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel backpacks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/best-personal-item-carry-ons/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Underseat luggage & personal‑item bags</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Packing</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toiletry-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toiletry bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-packing-cubes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Packing cubes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-packable-daypack-for-travel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Packable daypacks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/gear-travel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Gear</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/travel-guide/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel gear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-pillow/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel pillows</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-mask/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleep masks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-plug-adapter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Plug adapters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-luggage-tags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Luggage tags</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Travel</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Hobbies</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Hobbies</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pickleball-paddles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pickleball paddles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dna-test/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> DNA testing kits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-telescopes-for-beginners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Telescopes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-reading-light/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Reading lights</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-scooter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric scooters</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/music/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Music & Instruments</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-budget-digital-piano-for-beginners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beginner digital pianos</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ukulele-for-beginners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beginner ukuleles</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Art & Design</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-3d-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 3D printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-3d-pen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 3D pens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drawing-tablets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Drawing tablets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sewing-machine/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sewing machines</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-colored-pencils/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Colored pencils</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soldering-irons/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Soldering irons</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Photo</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-inkjet-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Photo printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant photo printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-photo-printing/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Online photo printing services</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-book-service/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Photo book services</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Digital photo frames</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Cameras</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mirrorless-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mirrorless cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-point-and-shoot-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Point‑and‑shoot cameras</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Games & Puzzles</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Board & Card Games</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-we-love/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-two-player-board-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Two‑player board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Beginner board games for adults</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-strategy-board-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Strategy board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-card-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Card games</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/gaming/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Video Gaming</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-game-consoles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming consoles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-handheld-gaming-consoles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Handheld gaming consoles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standalone-vr-headset/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> VR headsets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-budget-gaming-laptop-so-far/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming laptops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wired-wireless-gaming-mouse/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming mice</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gaming-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gaming-chairs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming chairs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Lego</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/our-favorite-lego-sets-for-adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lego sets for adults</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lego-sets-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lego sets for kids</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Puzzles</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-speed-cubes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Speed cubes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/games-puzzles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Games & Puzzles</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Pets</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/dogs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Dogs</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-dog-leash/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog leashes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-harness/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog harnesses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-beds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog beds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-crate/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog crates</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-dna-test/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog DNA tests</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-nail-grinders/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog nail grinders</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-winter-jackets-and-raincoats-for-dogs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dog jackets & raincoats</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/cats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Cats</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cat litters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Litter boxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-automatic-cat-litter-box-but-we-dont-recommend-it/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Automatic cat litter boxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter-mat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cat litter mats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-scratchers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cat scratchers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-beds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cat beds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/new-cat-checklist/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> New cat checklist</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Home</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pet-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pet cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-fountain-for-cats-and-dogs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water fountains</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-automatic-feeder-for-cats-and-small-dogs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Automatic feeders</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Pets</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Tech">Tech</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Electronics & Networking</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/networking/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Networking</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-mesh-networking-kits/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wi‑Fi mesh‑networking kits</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-router/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Routers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cable-modem/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Modems</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-extender/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wi‑Fi extenders</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/storage-devices/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Digital Storage</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-external-hard-drives/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> External hard drives</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-network-attached-storage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> NAS devices</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-ssd/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> External SSDs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/batteries/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Batteries & Charging</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-battery-packs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable chargers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lightning-cable/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lightning cables</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-power-stations/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable power stations</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rechargeable-batteries/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rechargeable batteries</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-uninterruptible-power-supply-ups/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Uninterruptible power supplies</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surge-protector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Surge protectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-extension-cords-for-your-home-and-garage/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Extension cords</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-vehicle-chargers-for-home/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Electric vehicle chargers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Wireless Charging</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-qi-wireless-charger-for-iphone-and-android-phones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wireless chargers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-apple-wireless-charging-pads/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Apple charging stations</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/usb-c/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> USB‑C</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-multiport-usb-wall-charger/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> USB phone chargers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-cables/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> USB‑C cables & adapters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-macbook-and-laptop-chargers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> USB‑C laptop chargers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-hubs-and-docks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> USB‑C hubs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Electronics</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Phones, Tablets, & Smartwatches</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/smartphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Phones</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-phone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Android phones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-budget-android-phone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Budget Android phones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-iphone-is-our-favorite-smartphone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPhones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-cases/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPhone cases</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-16-case/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPhone 16 cases</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-x-screen-protectors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPhone screen protectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cell-phones-for-older-adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cell phones for older adults</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartphone-car-mount/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Car phone mounts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-carrier/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cell phone plans</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tablets</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tablets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Tablets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-tablet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Android tablets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-ipad-is-the-best-tablet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-keyboard-case/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPad keyboard cases</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-pro-keyboard-cases/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPad Pro keyboard cases</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-pro-cases/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPad Pro cases</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-stylus/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPad styluses</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> E‑readers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/amazon-kindle-is-the-best-ebook-reader/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> E‑readers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Smartwatches</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-android/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> For Android phones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-iphone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> For iPhones</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Computers</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/laptops/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Laptops</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptops/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chromebook/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Chromebooks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-macbooks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> MacBooks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-business-laptops/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Business laptops</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptops-for-college-students/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptops for college students</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-under-500/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptops under $500</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/computers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Computers</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-in-one-computer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> All‑in‑one computers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-desktop-pcs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mini desktop PCs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Monitors</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-monitors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 4k monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-24-inch-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 24‑inch monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-27-inch-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 27‑inch monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ultrawide-monitors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ultrawide monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable monitors</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/accessories/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Accessories</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-mouse/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wireless mice</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-security-keys/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Security keys</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Keyboards</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-keyboards/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Keyboards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bluetooth-keyboard/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wireless keyboards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-mechanical-keyboards/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mechanical keyboards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/comfortable-ergo-keyboard/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ergonomic keyboards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-keyboards-for-gaming/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming keyboards</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/software/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Software</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-password-managers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Password managers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vpn-service/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> VPNs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-free-vpn/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Free VPNs</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Audio</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Speakers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-bluetooth-speaker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bluetooth speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bluetooth-speaker/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable bluetooth speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bookshelf-speakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bookshelf speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-computer-speakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Computer speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-speakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Outdoor speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/sonos-player/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Multiroom wireless speakers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surround-sound-system/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Surround sound systems</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soundbar/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Soundbars</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-speakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart speakers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Headphones</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Headphones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-over-ear-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Over‑ear headphones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-noise-cancelling-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Noise‑cancelling headphones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bluetooth-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wireless headphones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleep headphones</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Earbuds</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-earbuds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wireless earbuds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-200-in-ear-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wired earbuds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-workout-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Workout earbuds</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Home Audio</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-turntable/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Turntables & record players</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-receiver/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> AV receivers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-stereo-amplifier/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stereo amps & receivers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-audio-interface/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> USB audio interfaces</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-music-streamer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Music streamers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/audio/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Audio</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Video</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/tvs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> TVs</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-oled-tv/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> OLED TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-tv/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 4K TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lcd-led-tv/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> LCD/LED TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-small-tv/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 32‑inch TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-40-to-49-inch-tvs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 40‑ to 49‑inch TVs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv-wall-mount/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> TV wall mounts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv-for-video-games/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Gaming TVs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/home-theater/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Home Theater</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-media-streamers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Streaming devices</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-blu-ray-player/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> 4K Blu‑ray players</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-wireless-hdmi-video-transmitter/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> HDMI video transmitters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-indoor-hdtv-antenna/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> HDTV antennas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soundbar/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Soundbars</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/projectors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Projectors</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-projectors/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Projectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pico-projector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Portable mini projectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-projector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Budget projectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-projector-screen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Projector screens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-projector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Outdoor projectors</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Cameras & Photo</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/cameras/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Cameras</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mirrorless-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mirrorless cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-point-and-shoot-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Point‑and‑shoot cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dash-cam/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dash cams</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/camera-accessories/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Camera Accessories</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Smartphone Photography</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lenses-for-iphone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> iPhone photo lenses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tripod-for-iphones-smartphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smartphone tripods</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-and-iphone-gimbal/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smartphone gimbals</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Photo</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-custom-photo-card-service/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Holiday photo cards</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-inkjet-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Photo printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Instant photo printers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-photo-printing/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Online photo printing services</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-book-service/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Photo book services</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Digital photo frames</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Smart Home</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Indoor</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-switch/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Plug‑in smart outlets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-thermostat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart thermostats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-blinds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart window shades & blinds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-led-light-bulbs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart LED light bulbs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-in-wall-wireless-light-switch-and-dimmer/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> In‑wall smart light switches & dimmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-leak-detector/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart water‑leak detectors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-smoke-alarm/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart smoke alarms</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-lock/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart locks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-speakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart speakers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Outdoor</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-outdoor-lighting-for-backyards-pathways-and-more/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart outdoor lighting</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-sprinkler-controller/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart sprinkler timers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-garage-door-controller/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart garage door openers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/safety-home-garden/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Security Systems & Cameras</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-security-system/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Home security systems</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-outdoor-home-security-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Outdoor security cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-home-security-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Indoor security cameras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-doorbell-camera/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smart doorbell cameras</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/smart-home/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Smart Home</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Baby & Kid">Baby & Kid</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Pregnancy & Nursing</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Pregnancy</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pregnancy-test/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pregnancy tests</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-body-pillow/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Body pillows</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Nursing & Pumping</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-breast-pumps/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Breast pumps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wearable-breast-pumps/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Wearable breast pumps</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pumping-bra/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pumping bras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nursing-bras/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nursing bras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nursing-pillows/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Nursing pillows</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Bottles & Formula</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bottles-and-bottle-brush/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby bottles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bottle-warmers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bottle warmers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-formula/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby formulas</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/pregnancy-nursing/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Pregnancy & Nursing</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Baby</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Sleep</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-co-sleepers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bassinets & co‑sleepers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cribs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cribs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-crib-mattresses/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Crib mattresses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-monitor/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby monitors</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-swaddles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby swaddles</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Carry</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-carriers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby carriers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-wraps-and-slings/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby wraps & slings</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Diapering & Bath</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diapers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Diapers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cloth-diapers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cloth diapers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diaper-pail/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Diaper pails</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diaper-bag/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Diaper bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bathtubs-and-bath-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby bathtubs & bath seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/baby-care-essentials/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby care essentials</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/safety/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Home Safety</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-baby-proofing-tools/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby‑proofing tools</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-gate/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby gates</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Car Seats</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-infant-car-seat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Infant car seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-convertible-car-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Convertible car seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-car-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel car seats</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Seats</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bouncers-and-rockers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby bouncers & rockers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-swings/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Baby swings</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-high-chairs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> High chairs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/baby/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Baby</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Clothing & Health</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Clothing</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-pajamas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids pajamas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-underwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids underwear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-beachwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids beachwear</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Health</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-toothbrush-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids electric toothbrushes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-thermometer-for-kids-and-adults/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Thermometers</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">School & Tech</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/backpacks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Backpacks</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpacks-for-elementary-school-students/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids backpacks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpack-for-high-school-and-college/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> High school & college backpacks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Lunch & Hydration</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-lunch-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids lunch boxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-water-bottles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids water bottles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-food-thermos/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Food thermoses</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> School Supplies</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pencils/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pencils for schoolwork</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mechanical-pencils/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Mechanical pencils</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pen/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pens</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-notebooks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Notebooks & notepads</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-paper-planners/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Planners</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-labels-for-kids-lunch-boxes-and-clothing/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids labels</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tech</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartphone-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> First phones for kids</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Smartwatches for kids</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-apps-to-manage-your-kids-phone/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Apps for managing kids' phones</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tablet-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids tablets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-headphones/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids headphones</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/school/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All School</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Toys</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Indoor Toys</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lego-sets-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Lego sets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dolls/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Dolls</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids board games</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bath-toys/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bath toys</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toy-subscription-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Toy subscription boxes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-craft-subscription-boxes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Craft subscription boxes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Outdoor Toys</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-scooters/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Scooters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-balance-bike/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Balance bikes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-first-pedal-bike/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> First pedal bikes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-bike-helmets/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids bike helmets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tricycles/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Tricycles</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-wagons/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Collapsible folding wagons</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleds/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleds</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trampoline/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Trampolines</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/toys/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Toys</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Travel</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Car Seats</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-infant-car-seat/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Infant car seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-convertible-car-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Convertible car seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-car-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel car seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-booster-car-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Booster car seats</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Strollers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-strollers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Strollers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-double-strollers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Double strollers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-jogging-strollers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Jogging strollers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-strollers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Travel strollers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella-strollers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Umbrella strollers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Wagons</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-wagons/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Collapsible folding wagons</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stroller-wagons/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Stroller wagons</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Travel</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-bike-seats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids bike seats</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gear-for-traveling-with-babies-and-kids/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids travel gear</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><span class="b0f57482" data-testid="nav-primary-text" tabindex="0" id="Style">Style</span><ul class="ef0f8fce" data-testid="secondary-menu-container"><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Apparel</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Tops</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-button-up-shirts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Men's button‑up shirts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-t-shirts-for-men/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Men's white t‑shirts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-white-t-shirts/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Women's white t‑shirts</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cashmere-sweaters/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cashmere sweaters</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-base-layers-and-thermal-underwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Thermal underwear</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Pants</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-jeans-for-men/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Men's jeans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-jeans/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Women's jeans</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-leggings/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Leggings</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rain-pants/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rain pants</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Jackets</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-rain-jacket/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rain jackets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-jacket/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Down jackets</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-vest/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Insulated vests</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Kids</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-pajamas/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids pajamas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-underwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids underwear</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/style/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> All Style</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Underwear & Sleep</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Underwear</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bra-brands/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Bras</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-underwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Women's underwear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/thinx-period-panties/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Period underwear</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-underwear/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Boxer briefs</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Sleep</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Robes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-pajamas-for-women-and-men/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Pajamas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slippers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Slippers</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-mask/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sleep masks</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Shoes</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Boots</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-winter-boots-for-men-and-women/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Winter boots</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rain-boots/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Rain boots</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-boots/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hiking boots</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Sneakers</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-shoes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Running shoes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-sneakers/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> White sneakers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Seasonal</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sandals/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Sandals</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-shoes/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Water shoes</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cleats/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Ice cleats for shoes</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Socks</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compression-socks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Compression socks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-socks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hiking socks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-no-show-socks-2/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> No‑show socks</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li data-testid="nested-secondary-title" class="cbef3565 c887d62f"><span class="fc87837a"><span tabindex="0" class="">Bags & Accessories</span></span><div class="b80412a6" data-testid="content-cluster" id="content-cluster"><ul class="fbcc7d81"><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Bags</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-tote-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Tote bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-tote-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptop tote bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-messenger-bags/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Messenger bags</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fanny-packs/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Fanny packs</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-briefcases/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Briefcases</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/backpacks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="a0f9bfed"> Backpacks</span><div class="ffa0cf56"></div></a></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-laptop-backpacks/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Laptop backpacks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpack-for-high-school-and-college/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> High school & college backpacks</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpacks-for-elementary-school-students/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Kids backpacks</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Bag Accessories</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slim-wallet/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Slim wallets</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Accessories</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Umbrellas</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-black-tights/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Black tights</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-touchscreen-gloves/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Winter gloves</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-hair-ties-scrunchies-clips/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Hair ties & clips</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fa1dfb26" data-testid="content-cluster-group"><span class="dc6dde94 b055a87b"><span class="b5122199" data-testid="nav-item-text"> Glasses</span></span><ul class="d0d38a4b"><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-sunglasses/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Cheap sunglasses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Blue‑light blocking glasses</span></a></li><li class="d27c4e68"><a class="d007d01e" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-places-to-buy-glasses-online/" data-testid="nav-item-link"><span class="be17e0fd"> Online prescription glasses</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li></ul></li><li class="c429cf0d" data-testid="nav-primary-title"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/" class="b0f57482" data-gtm-trigger="nav_main_menu_above_fold_clicks" data-testid="nav-primary-link" tabindex="0">Deals</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div></header></div><aside class="f7e3ff3f"><div class="ff431e82"><div id="site_head__statement" class="b66ae990 d79c8c9b"><p data-testid="wirecutter_standard_disclosure">We independently review everything we recommend. When you buy through our links, we may earn a commission.<!-- --> <a aria-label="Learn more about Wirecutter" class="ad0020a7" data-gtm-trigger="ftc_link" href="/wirecutter/about/">Learn more<span class="f4e87738">›</span></a></p></div></div></aside><main id="main" aria-live="assertive" tabindex="-1"><article class="e714a7ab paywall" aria-live="assertive" tabindex="-1"><div class="f9dd5cfe a1e09724"><div class="a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><header class="fbc8f8c8"><div tabindex="-1" class="a1e09724"><div class="a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 b1f95b52 d17fe63f"><ol class="d8e24672 e64cd483" data-scp="removed"><li class="aeb5c15b"><a href="/wirecutter/climate-forward/" class="bb7254f9">Sustainability</a></li><li class="aeb5c15b"><a href="/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" class="bb7254f9">How to reduce food waste</a></li></ol><h1 class="fba8f5c7" data-scp="title hidden">At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.</h1><div class="bfc7d959 fb985a35">Published<!-- --> <time dateTime="2024-10-31">October 31, 2024</time></div><div class="cf439f01 d8fa7d3f" data-scp="removed" data-testid="social-group"><div><button class="c6e2f1ee f7e2b9a9" name="copyreviewURL" aria-label="Copy the link to the At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It. page" data-gtm-trigger="share_copy_link" data-testid="share-link"><svg class="a5fffa22" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19" fill="none" data-gtm-trigger="share_copy_link" data-testid="share-link-icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M10.84 9.04a2.16 2.16 0 0 1 0 3.08L7.66 15.3a2.16 2.16 0 0 1-3.07 0l-.9-.88a2.18 2.18 0 0 1 0-3.08 1.04 1.04 0 0 0 0-1.46.98.98 0 0 0-1.44 0 4.22 4.22 0 0 0 0 5.99l.89.9a4.23 4.23 0 0 0 5.98 0l3.19-3.19a4.24 4.24 0 0 0 0-5.99 1.04 1.04 0 0 0-1.47 0 .98.98 0 0 0 0 1.45Z"></path><path fill="currentColor" d="M8.16 9.94a2.16 2.16 0 0 1 0-3.08l3.18-3.18a2.18 2.18 0 0 1 3.07 0l.9.9a2.18 2.18 0 0 1 0 3.07 1.03 1.03 0 0 0 1.44 1.45 4.22 4.22 0 0 0 0-5.99l-.9-.87a4.23 4.23 0 0 0-5.98 0L6.68 5.43a4.24 4.24 0 0 0 0 5.99 1.04 1.04 0 1 0 1.48-1.48Z"></path><path fill="currentColor" d="m10.84 9.04.08-.07-.08.07Zm0 3.08-.07-.07.07.07ZM7.66 15.3l-.07-.07.07.07Zm-3.07 0 .07-.07-.07.07Zm-.9-.88-.06.07.07-.07Zm0-3.08.08.07-.07-.07Zm0-1.46-.07.07.08-.07Zm-1.44 0 .07.07-.07-.07Zm-1.25 3H.9 1Zm1.25 2.99.07-.07-.07.07Zm.89.9-.07.06.07-.07Zm5.98 0-.07-.08.07.07Zm3.19-3.19.07.07-.07-.07Zm1.23-3h.1-.1ZM12.31 7.6l.07-.07-.07.07Zm-.73-.3v.1-.1Zm-.74.3.07.07-.07-.07ZM8.16 9.94l.07-.07-.07.07Zm0-3.08.07.07-.07-.07Zm3.18-3.18-.07-.07.07.07Zm1.53-.63v.1-.1Zm1.54.63.07-.07-.07.07Zm.9.9.06-.08-.07.07Zm.63 1.53h-.1.1Zm-.64 1.54.07.07-.07-.07Zm1.45 1.45-.07-.07.07.07Zm0-5.99.07-.07-.07.07Zm-.9-.87-.07.07.07-.07ZM12.86 1V.9 1ZM9.87 2.24l-.07-.07.07.07ZM6.68 5.43l-.07-.07.07.07Zm0 5.99-.07.07.07-.07Zm4.1-2.3c.19.19.34.41.45.67l.18-.08a2.26 2.26 0 0 0-.5-.74l-.14.14Zm.45.67c.1.25.16.52.16.79h.2c0-.3-.06-.6-.18-.87l-.18.08Zm.16.79c0 .27-.06.54-.16.8l.18.07c.12-.27.18-.57.18-.87h-.2Zm-.16.8a2 2 0 0 1-.46.67l.15.14c.2-.21.38-.46.5-.74l-.2-.08Zm-.46.67L7.6 15.23l.15.14 3.18-3.18-.15-.14ZM7.6 15.23c-.19.2-.42.35-.67.45l.08.19c.28-.12.53-.29.74-.5l-.15-.14Zm-.67.45c-.25.1-.52.16-.8.16v.2c.3 0 .6-.06.88-.17l-.08-.19Zm-.8.16c-.26 0-.53-.05-.79-.16l-.07.19c.27.11.57.17.87.17v-.2Zm-.79-.16c-.25-.1-.48-.26-.67-.45l-.14.14c.21.21.46.38.74.5l.07-.19Zm-.67-.45-.9-.89-.13.15.9.88.13-.14Zm-.9-.88c-.38-.4-.6-.92-.6-1.47h-.2c0 .6.24 1.18.67 1.6l.14-.13Zm-.6-1.47c0-.55.22-1.08.6-1.47l-.13-.14c-.43.43-.67 1-.67 1.6h.2Zm.61-1.47c.21-.21.33-.5.33-.8h-.2c0 .25-.1.49-.27.66l.14.14Zm.33-.8c0-.3-.12-.59-.33-.8l-.14.14c.17.17.27.41.27.66h.2Zm-.33-.8c-.1-.11-.22-.2-.36-.26l-.08.18a.9.9 0 0 1 .3.22l.14-.14Zm-.36-.26c-.14-.06-.29-.1-.44-.1v.2a.9.9 0 0 1 .36.08l.08-.18Zm-.44-.1c-.15 0-.3.04-.44.1l.09.18a.88.88 0 0 1 .35-.07v-.2Zm-.44.1c-.13.06-.26.15-.36.26l.15.14c.08-.1.18-.17.3-.22l-.09-.18Zm-.35.26c-.4.4-.73.88-.95 1.4l.19.08c.2-.5.51-.96.9-1.34l-.14-.14Zm-.95 1.4c-.22.53-.33 1.1-.33 1.66h.2c0-.54.1-1.08.32-1.58l-.19-.08ZM.9 12.87c0 .57.11 1.14.33 1.66l.19-.07a4.1 4.1 0 0 1-.32-1.59H.9Zm.33 1.66c.22.53.54 1 .95 1.41l.14-.14a4 4 0 0 1-.9-1.34l-.19.07Zm.94 1.41.9.9.14-.15-.9-.9-.14.15Zm.9.9a4.33 4.33 0 0 0 3.06 1.26v-.2c-1.1 0-2.15-.43-2.92-1.2l-.14.13Zm3.06 1.26c1.15 0 2.25-.46 3.06-1.27l-.14-.14a4.13 4.13 0 0 1-2.92 1.21v.2Zm3.06-1.27 3.19-3.18-.14-.14-3.2 3.18.15.14Zm3.19-3.18a4.34 4.34 0 0 0 1.26-3.06h-.2c0 1.1-.43 2.14-1.2 2.92l.14.14Zm1.26-3.06c0-1.15-.45-2.26-1.26-3.07l-.14.14c.77.78 1.2 1.83 1.2 2.93h.2Zm-1.26-3.07c-.22-.21-.5-.33-.8-.33v.2c.24 0 .48.1.66.27l.14-.14Zm-.8-.33c-.3 0-.6.12-.8.33l.14.14a.94.94 0 0 1 .66-.27v-.2Zm-.8.33c-.11.1-.2.22-.26.36l.18.08a.88.88 0 0 1 .21-.3l-.13-.14Zm-.26.36c-.06.14-.1.29-.1.44h.2c0-.13.03-.25.08-.36l-.18-.08Zm-.1.44c0 .15.04.3.1.43l.18-.08a.88.88 0 0 1-.08-.35h-.2Zm.1.43c.06.14.15.27.26.37l.13-.15a.88.88 0 0 1-.21-.3l-.18.08Zm-2.3 1.12c-.19-.2-.34-.42-.45-.68l-.18.08c.11.28.28.53.5.74l.14-.14Zm-.45-.68c-.1-.25-.16-.52-.16-.79h-.2c0 .3.06.6.18.87l.18-.08Zm-.16-.79c0-.27.06-.54.16-.8l-.18-.07c-.12.27-.18.57-.18.87h.2Zm.16-.8a2 2 0 0 1 .46-.67l-.15-.14c-.2.21-.38.46-.5.74l.2.08Zm.46-.67 3.18-3.18-.14-.14-3.19 3.18.15.14Zm3.18-3.18c.39-.39.91-.6 1.46-.6v-.2c-.6 0-1.18.24-1.6.66l.14.14Zm1.46-.6c.55 0 1.08.21 1.47.6l.14-.14c-.43-.42-1-.66-1.6-.66v.2Zm1.47.6.9.9.13-.15-.9-.89-.13.14Zm.9.9c.38.38.6.91.6 1.46h.2c0-.6-.24-1.18-.67-1.6l-.14.14Zm.6 1.46c0 .55-.22 1.08-.6 1.47l.13.14c.43-.43.67-1 .67-1.6h-.2Zm-.6 1.47c-.11.1-.2.23-.25.36l.18.08a.93.93 0 0 1 .2-.3l-.14-.14Zm-.25.36c-.06.14-.09.29-.09.44h.2c0-.13.02-.25.07-.36L15 7.94Zm-.09.44c0 .14.03.29.09.43l.18-.08a.93.93 0 0 1-.07-.35h-.2Zm.09.43c.05.13.14.26.24.36l.14-.14a.93.93 0 0 1-.2-.3l-.18.08Zm.24.36c.1.1.23.2.37.25l.07-.19a.93.93 0 0 1-.3-.2l-.14.14Zm.37.25c.13.05.28.08.43.08v-.2a.93.93 0 0 1-.36-.07l-.07.19Zm.43.08c.15 0 .3-.03.43-.08l-.08-.19a.93.93 0 0 1-.35.07v.2Zm.43-.08c.14-.06.26-.14.37-.25l-.15-.14a.93.93 0 0 1-.3.2l.08.19Zm.36-.25c.4-.4.73-.88.95-1.4l-.19-.08c-.2.5-.51.96-.9 1.34l.14.14Zm.95-1.4c.22-.53.33-1.1.33-1.66h-.2c0 .54-.1 1.08-.32 1.58l.19.08Zm.33-1.66c0-.57-.11-1.14-.33-1.66l-.19.07c.21.5.32 1.04.32 1.59h.2Zm-.33-1.66c-.22-.53-.54-1-.95-1.41l-.14.14a4 4 0 0 1 .9 1.34l.19-.07Zm-.95-1.41-.9-.87-.14.14.9.87.14-.14Zm-.9-.87A4.33 4.33 0 0 0 12.86.9v.2c1.1 0 2.15.43 2.92 1.2l.14-.13ZM12.86.9c-1.15 0-2.25.46-3.06 1.27l.14.14a4.13 4.13 0 0 1 2.92-1.21V.9ZM9.8 2.17 6.61 5.36l.14.14 3.2-3.2-.15-.13ZM6.61 5.36a4.34 4.34 0 0 0-1.26 3.06h.2c0-1.1.43-2.14 1.2-2.92l-.14-.14ZM5.35 8.42c0 1.15.45 2.26 1.26 3.07l.14-.14a4.14 4.14 0 0 1-1.2-2.93h-.2ZM6.6 11.5c.22.21.5.33.81.33v-.2a.98.98 0 0 1-.67-.27l-.14.14Zm.81.33c.3 0 .6-.12.81-.33l-.14-.15a.94.94 0 0 1-.67.28v.2Zm.81-.33c.21-.22.33-.51.33-.82h-.2c0 .26-.1.5-.27.67l.14.15Zm.33-.82c0-.3-.12-.59-.33-.8l-.15.14c.18.17.28.41.28.67h.2Z"></path></svg></button><div role="status"></div></div><input type="text" class="ec2d4b2d" readonly="" aria-hidden="true"/><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="twitter-x" href="https://x.com/intent/post?text=At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It. %7C Wirecutter&url=https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/&via=wirecutter" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_twitterX" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Share on X" data-testid="share-twitterX"><svg data-icon="twitter-x" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 1200 1227" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z"></path></svg></a><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="facebook" href="https://facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Share on Facebook" data-testid="share-facebook"><svg data-icon="facebook" width="10" height="19" viewBox="0 0 10 19" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.54596 18.9407V10.4917H0.3125V7.45174H2.54596V4.85294C2.54596 2.8125 3.86489 0.9375 6.90602 0.9375C8.13649 0.9375 9.04527 1.05584 9.04527 1.05584L8.97518 3.89476C8.97518 3.89476 8.04687 3.88672 7.0324 3.88672C5.9375 3.88672 5.76172 4.39223 5.76172 5.22978V7.45174H9.0625L8.91889 10.4917H5.76172V18.9407H2.54596Z"></path></svg></a><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="email" href="mailto:?subject=Wirecutter: At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.&body=Wirecutter: At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.%0D%0A%0D%0Ahttps://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_email" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Share on Email" data-testid="share-email"><svg class="fbbe5777" viewBox="0 0 18 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M16.2501 3.53103L16.2604 3.54025L9.52672 8.93256C9.35786 9.06665 9.14958 9.13454 8.94472 9.13454C8.739 9.13454 8.53072 9.06665 8.36186 8.93256L1.62815 3.54025L1.63844 3.53103C1.61872 3.51762 1.61186 3.49835 1.59644 3.48326V2.24707H2.91301L8.94472 7.07534L14.9764 2.24707H16.2921V3.48326C16.2767 3.49835 16.2699 3.51762 16.2501 3.53103ZM0.375 13.3214H17.5179V0.75H0.375V13.3214Z" fill="#333333"></path></svg></a><div class="d3af2842 "><button id="saveBtn" class="cd835c5f " title="Save" aria-label="Save" data-gtm-trigger="save_article" data-save-content-value="true" data-save-content-id="418541" data-save-content-name="save_article"><svg class="bff16493" width="12px" height="16px" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M0 1a1 1 0 011-1h10a1 1 0 011 1v14a1 1 0 01-1.67.743L6 11.84l-4.33 3.902A1 1 0 010 15V1zm2 1v10.753l3.33-3a1 1 0 011.34 0l3.33 3V2H2z"></path></svg><div class="d568de19" data-gtm-trigger="save_article" data-save-content-value="true" data-save-content-id="418541" data-save-content-name="save_article">Save</div></button></div></div></div></div><div class="a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><div class="d7c57d60"><figure class="ba425b23"><div class="c138d7c9"><span class="a247856e a61a2e61" data-testid="container"><span class="a3ad4c3f" data-testid="placeholder" style="padding-bottom:50.00%"><span class="d9349435" data-testid="lofi" style="background-image:url(https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=150&quality=20&crop=2:1&auto=webp)"></span><picture><source media="(max-width: 393px)" srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=393&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=786&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/><source media="(min-width: 393.1px) and (max-width: 412px)" srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=412&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=824&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/><source media="(min-width: 412.1px) and (max-width: 448px)" srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=448&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=896&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/><source media="(min-width: 448.1px) and (max-width: 768px)" srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=768&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1536&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/><source media="(min-width: 768.1px) and (max-width: 834px)" srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=834&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1668&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/><img class="d8f60293" alt="A couple composting machines on a kitchen counter surrounded by an assortment of food waste in bowls and cans." srcSet="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=1024&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1x, https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg?width=2048&quality=75&crop=2:1&auto=webp 1.1x"/></picture></span></span><figcaption class="a8b71d33 e5d974ab"><span class="f5988068" data-scp="image_caption">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></div></figure></div><div class="f6782b90" data-testid="byline" data-scp="hidden"><div class="a1e09724"><div class="a1497183"><div class="b31aa83a ed1de826 f21e64f1 b5823c44 cdde21c0"><div class="f7f7e985"><a class="b12721a6" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/authors/sabine-heinlein/" data-gtm-trigger="author_image_clicks" data-author-name="Sabine Heinlein" data-scp="author_image"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="Sabine Heinlein" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=50" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=50" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=50 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=50&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=50&dpr=2 640w" width="50" height="50" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce"/></div></a></div><div class="cdb485da"><p class="a90f7598">By <a class="e31bedc8" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/authors/sabine-heinlein/" data-gtm-trigger="author_name_clicks" data-author-name="Sabine Heinlein" data-scp="author_name">Sabine Heinlein</a></p><p class="c8779cf9" data-scp="author_byline">Sabine Heinlein is a writer covering floor care. Keeping her multi-pet home clean is one of her more acceptable obsessions.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></header></div><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 a3bb01fc dfed01f2 f8687b84"><aside class="d4496375 c893684a" data-scp="hidden"><div class="cfacc67b" data-aside-note-component="promo_note" data-aside-note-header="Early Black Friday Deals" data-gtm-element="aside_note"><div class="e1d990bd ddc2142d"><span>Early Black Friday Deals</span></div><div class="a397a4ae c64c9e9e"><p>It's almost Black Friday! See the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/best-early-black-friday-deals-2024-1114/" data-aside-note-component="promo_note" data-aside-note-header="Early Black Friday Deals" data-gtm-trigger="aside_note_link">best Black Friday deals</a> our experts have found so far. </p><p>And sign up for <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/the-recommendation" data-aside-note-component="promo_note" data-aside-note-header="Early Black Friday Deals" data-gtm-trigger="aside_note_link">Wirecutter's daily newsletter</a> to get our favorite deals sent straight to your inbox.</p></div></div></aside></div><div class="b9c067b5 eb5163eb f21e64f1 b5823c44 cdde21c0 ba640706 a7fb3038"><section class="e60ecf56" data-gtm-element="lede"><p>Turning your everyday food scraps into garden gold is an appealing concept: Spend between $180 and $1,000, plug in your food recycler, dump in your leftovers, and press a button. Voilà, you’ve got compost—or fertilizer—for your garden.</p><p>Look at you, doing your part for a greener and better world!</p><p>If only it were that simple.</p><p>These food recyclers—often referred to as countertop composters—don’t actually produce compost. Yet the companies behind these machines have some awfully big marketing boasts. “Be an Eco-Warrior With the Push of a Button,” crows <a href="https://foodcycler.com/pages/features" rel="noopener" target="_blank">FoodCycler</a>. “Fight Extreme Poverty Through Tree Planting And avoid methane emissions through composting with Reencle!” <a href="https://reencle.co/blogs/news/fight-extreme-poverty-through-tree-planting" rel="noopener" target="_blank">this company gushes</a> in an unconventionally capitalized marketing statement.</p></section><section class="fbf8e677" data-gtm-element="intro"><figure id="attachment_418390" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="A graphic of a green rainforest with animals next to text describing Reencle's goal to help consumers fight poverty through tree planting and avoid methane emissions through composting." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530 585w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=1.5 877w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=2 1170w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=2 640w" width="570" height="380" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418390"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> Some food-recycler companies make ambitious claims (at times with arbitrary capitalization).<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Reencle</span></figcaption></figure><p>I spent six months testing six different food recyclers, including the <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Lomi" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi" data-vars-store="Lomi" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Lomi" data-pid="65892" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi">Lomi 2</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65874" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon">Airthereal Revive Electric Kitchen Composter</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Mill" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill" data-vars-store="Mill" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Mill" data-pid="60938" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill">Mill Food Recycler</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Reencle" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" data-vars-store="Reencle" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Reencle" data-pid="65875" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle">Reencle Home Composter</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="42828" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon">FoodCycler FC-50</a>, and its larger cousin, the <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65876/208588/4/200026/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65876/208588/4/200026/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="reviewIntro" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65876" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65876/208588/4/200026/?merchant=Amazon">FoodCycler Eco 5</a>. I also sent my “compost” to an agricultural lab for testing and conducted a plant germination and growth test in my basement. I spoke with numerous experts, and I even <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">started a worm farm</a> in my apartment, to compare the effort and output with those of my devices.</p><p>Here’s what I learned about these machines:</p><ul><li>Some of their environmental claims are overblown or dubious.</li><li>They produce not compost but dehydrated food scraps, which are easy to store and can be added to your compost pile.</li><li>If you spread the output outside, it might attract unwanted critters.</li><li>Your plants may suffer (or die) if you use it as a fertilizer, even when following company-provided preparation instructions. (But chickens may like it!)</li><li>If you want to be green, you’re better off <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/">wasting less food</a>, starting a backyard compost, or looking for <a href="https://ilsr.org/composting/map/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">composting options</a> in your area.</li></ul><p>When presented with the results of our extensive testing, some of these food-recycler companies half-conceded some of the points. Others adamantly disagreed with our conclusions. You can see their responses in detail in the sections on <a href="#lab-analysis-results">Lab analysis results</a>, <a href="#the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer">The stuff makes lousy fertilizer</a>, <a href="#bioassay-test-results">Bioassay test results</a>, and <a href="#does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment">Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?</a></p></section></div></div><div class="a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 cdde21c0"></div></div><div><div class="a7a181ea ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-interAd" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-interAd-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-interAd"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-interAd"></div></div></div></div><div class="a1497183"><button type="button" class="eabd010d" aria-labelledby="btt_label"><svg viewBox="0 0 10 10" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="d1bc18f7"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.44194 4.55806C9.68602 4.80213 9.68602 5.19786 9.44194 5.44194L5.46447 9.41942C5.22039 9.66349 4.82466 9.66349 4.58058 9.41942C4.33651 9.17534 4.33651 8.77961 4.58058 8.53553L7.49112 5.625L1 5.625C0.654823 5.625 0.375 5.34518 0.375 5C0.375001 4.65482 0.654822 4.375 1 4.375L7.49112 4.375L4.58058 1.46446C4.3365 1.22039 4.3365 0.824659 4.58058 0.580581C4.82466 0.336503 5.22039 0.336504 5.46447 0.580581L9.44194 4.55806Z"></path></svg><span id="btt_label">Back to top</span></button><div class="ab72109b f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><section id="table-of-contents" class="ffed1540" data-scp="removed" data-testid="toc" data-gtm-element="toc"><header class="d4645bc9"><h2 class="b6525d53">The research</h2></header><ul class="c7c94963"><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#the-promise-of-food-recyclers" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="1" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="The promise of food recyclers">The promise of food recyclers</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#how-food-recyclers-work" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="2" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="How food recyclers work">How food recyclers work</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#how-i-tested" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="3" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="How I tested">How I tested</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="4" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="Food recyclers don’t produce compost">Food recyclers don’t produce compost</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#lab-analysis-results" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="5" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="Lab analysis results">Lab analysis results</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="6" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="The stuff makes lousy fertilizer">The stuff makes lousy fertilizer</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#bioassay-test-results" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="7" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="Bioassay test results">Bioassay test results</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="8" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?">Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="9" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="So what are food recyclers actually good for?">So what are food recyclers actually good for?</a></li><li class="cb4e898e" data-testid="toc-chapter"><a href="#sources" data-gtm-element="review_toc_link" data-jumplink-index="10" data-gtm-trigger="jump_link" data-toc-name="Sources">Sources</a></li></ul></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="the-promise-of-food-recyclers"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="the-promise-of-food-recyclers-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="The promise of food recyclers" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="1">The promise of food recyclers</h2><div id="the-promise-of-food-recyclers-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="the-promise-of-food-recyclers" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418389" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="From left to right, food-recycler machines from Mill, Reencle, and Lomi." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418389"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> From left to right, food-recycler machines from Mill, Reencle, and Lomi.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Food waste makes up nearly <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">a quarter</a> of all solid municipal waste in the US. The Environmental Protection Agency <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">estimates</a> that Americans waste over 66 million tons of food per year, more than half of which ends up in <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/climate/landfills-methane-emissions.html">landfills</a>. A whopping 40% of this is from food we throw away at home, while the remainder comes from restaurants, institutions, supermarkets, and so forth.</p><p>In landfills, rotting food emits more greenhouse gasses than all other landfilled materials combined.</p><p>So it’s no wonder that climate-anxious consumers have been won over by food recyclers. Take, for example, Vanessa Johnson, the web developer who invested in a Lomi—one of the most recognizable electric food recyclers on the market—after a worm-composting experiment in her Miami high-rise apartment had gone awry.</p><p>“I was trying to focus on being better with renewable stuff and being better for the environment,” Johnson told me. “We only take out the trash now once a week—if that—because there’s no food going into our trash can anymore.”</p><p>Thanks to the Lomi, which grinds and dehydrates food scraps, Johnson’s trash can is now odorless, and the flies have packed their bags.</p><p>But some companies also say that food waste, after it’s processed in their machines, can be used as compost or fertilizer, or even as <a href="https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe" rel="noopener" target="_blank">chicken feed</a> (in the case of Mill).</p><p>And while the reduction in trash volume and trash stench is real, the direct environmental benefits of these devices are questionable.</p></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="how-food-recyclers-work"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="how-food-recyclers-work-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="How food recyclers work" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="2">How food recyclers work</h2><div id="how-food-recyclers-work-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="how-food-recyclers-work" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418387" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="The Lomi 2 opened with food scraps inside." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce alignnone size-full wp-image-418387"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> <!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>At first sight, most food recyclers are reminiscent of <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-maker/">an ice cream maker</a>: an outer shell with controls, a lid, and a removable “bucket” with one or two blades that grind up food scraps. An internal heating mechanism dehydrates the scraps until their volume is reduced by up to 90%, which, depending on the model, takes between <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost" rel="noopener" target="_blank">three hours</a> and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank">several weeks</a>.</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418386" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="The inside of an empty, but dirty food recycler and several of its blades nearby." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418386"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> Food recyclers use blades to process scraps. Most blades are built into removable basins, except for Reencle’s, pictured at top center.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Most models simply dehydrate and grind. But the Lomi provides microbial tablets, and the Reencle includes sawdust inoculated with microbes, both of which promise to speed up the decomposition process. Some machines can break down bones as well as dairy, and the Lomi claims to process even <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/is-bioplastic-and-biodegradable-plastic-compostable" rel="noopener" target="_blank">bioplastics</a>.</p><p>The machines weigh between 17 and 50 pounds, and sizes vary from that of a small countertop air fryer to a home-office paper shredder. The machines’ buckets hold anywhere from 2.5 to 14 liters of scraps.</p><p>At around 45 to 50 dB, the Mill and both FoodCycler models were so quiet that I forgot they were running. Others were quiet-ish, mostly staying in the mid-50s—comparable to my Miele exhaust fan—but they were prone to periodically emitting a symphony of ghastly screeches, gurgles, and donkey bellows, upping the volume to 70 dB and above.</p><p>All of the test machines included carbon filters that are supposed to absorb odors. The stench ran a wide range, with some machines emitting little to no odor. But the Airthereal outright stank, sometimes like an old, booze-soaked couch and other times like a dead animal. We also sometimes noticed a funky smell emanating from the Reencle and the Lomi machines. (I should note here that my household is vegetarian and that we didn’t add animal products, other than eggshells, to the machines.)</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418385" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="An assortment of carbon filters that go along with food recyclers." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418385"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> Many machines include carbon filters, some of which were more effective than others, with odors ranging from nonexistent to an old, booze-soaked couch.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>The finished grounds resemble a patch of dry autumn leaves trampled to various degrees. While some machines’ yield was the size of coffee grounds or rice flakes, other models left small strips of recognizable shelled corn husk and 4-inch-square pieces of watermelon. The smaller you chop up your vegetables, the finer the grounds, but the chopping adds labor to a process that’s supposed to be simple.</p><p>Depending on what you put in the machine, the dehydrated output smells neutral, earthy, or fruity. (Ours often had a nutty, sweet smell, presumably because of the amount of bananas we consume.)</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418420" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="Composted grounds." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418420"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> These Lomi grounds consist of various vegetables and shelled corn husks.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>The machines’ energy consumption was comparable. For example: ConEd charged me $47 for 137 kWh of electricity for the month that I continuously ran the Reencle in my house in New York City. Using a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-switch/#top-indoor-smart-plug-pick-tp-link-kasa-smart-wi-fi-plug-slim-ep25">TP-Link Kasa Smart Wi-Fi Plug Slim</a> to measure, I noted that the Reencle had used 30 kWh, which translates to roughly $10 per month in New York (similar to an energy-efficient <a href="https://bkvenergy.com/blog/how-much-electricity-does-refrigerator-use/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">refrigerator</a>).</p><div><div class="ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-4" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-chapter-mid-4-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-chapter-mid-4"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-4"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="how-i-tested"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="how-i-tested-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="How I tested" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="3">How I tested</h2><div id="how-i-tested-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="how-i-tested" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418384" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A bowl of food scraps resting on a kitchen scale." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1536" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418384"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> I meticulously weighed the “feedstock” before grinding it and submitting the processed sample to the agricultural lab for analysis.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>To test the <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Lomi" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi" data-vars-store="Lomi" data-gtm-context="chapter_how-i-tested" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Lomi" data-pid="65892" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi">Lomi</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_how-i-tested" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65874" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon">Airthereal</a>, <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Reencle" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" data-vars-store="Reencle" data-gtm-context="chapter_how-i-tested" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Reencle" data-pid="65875" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle">Reencle</a>, and <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_how-i-tested" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="42828" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon">FoodCycler</a> machines, I processed dozens of pounds of food scraps in each model, including onions, leafy greens, watermelon rinds, eggshells, and coffee grounds. The Mill, which we kept in Wirecutter’s test kitchen because of its heft, also processed bones, dairy, and assorted cooked leftovers.</p><p>I sent the output of several machines to the <a href="https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory</a>, at Penn State University, to analyze pH, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, percentage of solids, and moisture content—values that tell us how far along the dehydrated scraps are in the composting process and how useful they are as fertilizer. The lab also tested how much carbon dioxide the stuff was emitting, a further measure of decomposition.</p><p>As a passionate gardener, I experimented with the machines’ output in my yard, and I conducted bioassay (germination and growth) tests under grow lights in my basement.</p><p>And I <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">ran a worm farm</a> to compare the fertilization power of worm poop (known by the euphemism “castings”) to that of the output from the machines.</p><p>I interviewed more than 15 soil scientists, company representatives, and Lomi and FoodCycler users about their experiences, composting methods and standards, and sustainability claims.</p><p>I studied the companies’ sustainability claims and, if applicable, their studies, scrutinizing their designs, results, and funding methods, and peppering sometimes-recalcitrant company representatives with questions.</p></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="Food recyclers don’t produce compost" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="4">Food recyclers don’t produce compost</h2><div id="food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418383" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A container of grounded food scraps." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418383"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> The volume of the dehydrated food grounds is a fraction of the fresh scraps added to the bucket.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/">Composting</a> is a natural process that transforms food scraps and yard waste into nutrient-rich soil.</p><p>I’m familiar with this because I compost in my backyard. The process begins by mixing one part nitrogen-rich green matter (vegetable and fruit scraps) with three parts carbon-heavy brown matter (dry leaves, small twigs, and shredded cardboard) in a vermin-proof, two-chamber <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65880" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon">compost tumbler</a>. As microbes like fungi and bacteria feast on the organic matter over several months, the “feedstock” heats up and is turned into compost, a nutrient-rich soil that fertilizes plants.</p><p>“Finished compost should look like soil,” <a href="https://www.swarthmore.edu/engineering/faculty-staff" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sintana Vergara</a>, an associate professor of environmental engineering at Swarthmore College, explained. “You should not be able to see what you started with at all. It should look like beautiful, dark brown, rich stuff, and [...] smell like rich soil. If you squeeze it between your hands, you should have a little bit of dribbling coming out.”</p><p>It’s fairly <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/12/climate/best-way-to-compost.html">established</a> that these machines do not produce true compost. Yet some food-recycler companies, including <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65874" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon">Airthereal</a> and <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Reencle" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle" data-vars-store="Reencle" data-gtm-context="chapter_food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Reencle" data-pid="65875" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle">Reencle</a>, market their machines as “composters,” calling the output “compost” and the breakdown process “composting.” Despite <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXZG-kzlhPY" rel="noopener" target="_blank">online</a> criticism, Lomi <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost" rel="noopener" target="_blank">continues</a> to suggest in <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-to-use-lomi-earth" rel="noopener" target="_blank">some</a> of its <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-does-composting-work" rel="noopener" target="_blank">marketing</a> copy (albeit inconsistently) that its output is akin to compost. While I was reporting this piece, the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240809082053/https://lomi.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">company claimed on its main page</a>, “It's like composting, but way easier.”</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418382" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A container of wet grounded food scraps." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418382"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> Does this look like compost? We added some sardines to the Airthereal machine just to see how it would do. The fish turned the device’s bucket into a crusty, uncleanable mess.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>FoodCycler <a href="https://foodcycler.com/blogs/sustainability/8-easy-cooking-upgrades-to-cut-down-on-kitchen-waste" rel="noopener" target="_blank">points out</a> that “electric food waste recyclers are not composters, nor do they produce compost or soil.” Yet the company maintains that its recyclers offer “an ideal alternative to composting” and the output can be used as “plant fertilizer.”</p><p>With assurances like those—and following the companies’ instructions—I worked some of the dehydrated vegetable and fruit grounds into the topsoil in my yard. I had done this with the output of my <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65880" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon">compost tumbler</a> numerous times, so what could go wrong?</p><p>A lot, it turns out.</p><p>After a hot and humid week, the area was speckled with patches of mold. Rain had swollen the formerly dehydrated vegetable scraps like decomposing bodies. I raked the area and added more grounds in another corner of my yard. A few hours later, while working in the yard, I spotted my cat Gilbert mesmerized in front of the freshly “fertilized” patch, watching—you guessed it—a family of rats boldly munching on vegetable-and-fruit chips.</p><p>When I told <a href="https://www.depts.ttu.edu/pss/people/faculty/slaughter-lindsey/lslaughter.php" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Lindsey Slaughter</a>, associate professor of Soil Microbial Ecology and Biochemistry at Texas Tech University, my rat story, she said, “If it was dehydrated food scraps, there had been no physical or chemical transformation of those materials. It was still food scraps, even if it was dry. I’m sure that was pretty, pretty delicious to the urban wildlife.”</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418381" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A person holding two Ziploc bags, labeled "Lomi w/o", filled with ground food scraps." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418381"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> I processed dozens of pounds of vegetables, since the agricultural lab required two pints of grounds per test per machine.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>But the rats’ visit did raise a good question: How far along in the decomposition process exactly were my vegetable scraps? To find out, I prepared samples of food waste output from the FoodCycler FC-50, the Reencle, and the Lomi 2, and I sent them to the <a href="https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Agricultural Analytical Services Lab</a> at Penn State University.</p><p>For the samples, I processed the Lomi feedstock both with and without the included microbial tablets, and I ran the device on Grow mode, a 16- to 20-hour cycle that <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Lomi says</a> produces fertilizer.</p><p>I omitted samples from the Mill machine (the company doesn’t claim to make compost or fertilizer) and from the Airthereal Revive (too smelly, plus some leftover sardines in our test kitchen had turned the device’s bucket into a crusty, uncleanable mess).</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418380" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A large bag of food grounds." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418380"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> The Reencle food grounds need to be “cured” for three to four weeks before being used on plants, according to the company.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Once I got the results, I shared them with several experts.</p><p>While there were some variations, the lab’s findings—including high percentages of organic matter, carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and carbon dioxide respirometry results—all confirmed that this stuff is far from what could be considered finished compost.</p><div><div class="ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-5" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-chapter-mid-5-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-chapter-mid-5"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-5"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="lab-analysis-results"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="lab-analysis-results-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="Lab analysis results" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="5">Lab analysis results</h2><div id="lab-analysis-results-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="lab-analysis-results" aria-hidden="false"><figure id="attachment_418379" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image" style="padding-bottom:91.80%;display:inline"><img alt="A graph explaining the moisture content, organic matter, and carbon to nitrogen ratio of compost made with each food recycler we tested." data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-TestResultsTable-1024x940.png" width="1024" height="940" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce wp-image-418379 size-large" loading="lazy"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> We tested the output of machines whose companies suggest their output is “compost” or similar to compost in at least some of their marketing.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure><p>Interestingly, the test results for the Lomi grounds that had been processed with microbial tablets were identical to those without them.</p><p>“Microbes don’t actually live on solid surfaces,” explained Robert Pavlis, author of <em><a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65881/208578/4/200028/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65881/208578/4/200028/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_lab-analysis-results" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65881" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65881/208578/4/200028/?merchant=Amazon">Microbe Science for Gardeners: Secrets to Better Plant Health</a></em>. “[L]iving microbes need a thin layer of water around them to keep them alive. If you dry them out, they either die or go dormant.”</p><p>In the carbon dioxide respirometry test, the output from the Reencle machine fared the best among the models whose output we had lab tested. “[T]his output likely got further along in the natural compost process but isn’t finished either,” said Gina Talt, food systems project manager at the <a href="https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab</a>. But Talt explained that its comparatively high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is problematic because as the microbes continue processing the carbon, they will temporarily steal nitrogen from the soil, depriving the plant of needed nutrients during a critical growth period.</p><p>Pavlis said that the claims of some companies—that their recyclers make “compost”—are “a huge red flag because people are buying these machines thinking they’re going to make compost.”</p><p>When asked about their use of the terms “compost” and “composting,” Airthereal said it considers the Revive Electric Composters’ output “pre-compost rather than a fully-formed fertilizer.” The maker of the Reencle Home Composter responded that “compost and composting are imperfect terms because of the variability in the process.” And FoodCycler and Lomi did not directly answer my questions about their use of these terms.</p><p>Mill’s marketing pitch is more transparent, though still imperfect. Suzy Sammons, head of marketing at Mill, made sure to tell me that the company doesn’t claim that its food recyclers’ “<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill" rel="noopener" target="_blank">dry-and-grind system</a>” produces compost, “because it is scientifically impossible to compost overnight on your countertop or without extra steps.” Although the company doesn’t state that you can add the grounds to your potted indoor plants, it does <a href="https://www.mill.com/?srsltid=AfmBOoqA46mTMZ1MyunXnS2LRAC8VhD6m2F6H3-fI32BvYZEfw-zEUDc" rel="noopener" target="_blank">claim</a> that you can mix “nutrient-rich grounds” with soil, let it cure for two weeks, and then use it in your garden. But this seems dubious.</p><p>For one thing, Mill also <a href="https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe" rel="noopener" target="_blank">states</a> that you can feed the grounds to chickens, which brings us back to the rats: If it’s a hit with chickens, I’m pretty sure that New York City rats are ready to place their orders! And for another thing, grounds from several of the machines we tested proved pretty terrible for growing plants, even after “curing.”</p></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="The stuff makes lousy fertilizer" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="6">The stuff makes lousy fertilizer</h2><div id="the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418378" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="Two rows of six pots filled with composted soil, growing plants on a table under a growlight." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418378"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> I conducted a plant growth test in my basement to investigate the companies’ fertilizer claims. The eight pots pictured closest to left, above, contain matter from the machines and have minimal growth. The four pots to the right are controls.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>So this stuff clearly isn’t compost. But can you still use it as fertilizer?</p><p>All of the companies whose machines we tested (except Mill) suggest that you can. In their marketing copy, both <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPL-TlPxAiA" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Reencle</a> and <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Amazon" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon" data-vars-store="Amazon" data-gtm-context="chapter_the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Amazon" data-pid="65874" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon">Airthereal</a> call their machines’ output “fertilizer.” FoodCycler alternatively refers to its output as “<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon" rel="noopener" target="_blank">nutrient-rich soil amendment</a>” and “<a href="https://foodcycler.com/blogs/your-foodcycler%E2%84%A2/the-science-behind-foodcycler-foodcycler-foodilizer-explained" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Foodilizer</a>.” Lomi says its machines, if run in Grow mode, <a href="https://support.pela.earth/hc/en-us/articles/18701181255067-Best-Practices-Grow-Mode" rel="noopener" target="_blank">produce fertilizer</a>, and it refers to the output as “<a href="https://lomi.com/?view=sl-6B00C455" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Lomi Earth</a>,” which can supposedly be <a href="https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-to-use-lomi-earth" rel="noopener" target="_blank">added</a> to your garden and your potted plants.</p><div class="f669362e"><div class="ce43b2db fb2675ba" data-testid="gallery-wrapper"><article class="d63cac99" data-gtm-element="gallery-main" data-testid="gallery"><div class="d1ee6a2a"><aside class="dfb4f088"><div aria-label="Go to Slide 1" tabindex="-1" class="fc4db63f fd22436a " style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0)" role="button" data-testid="gallery-slide-1"><div data-scp="gallery_main"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5" style="padding-bottom:50.00%;display:inline"><img loading="lazy" alt="The power button on the Lomi 2." itemProp="image" data-testid="gallery-image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="1024" height="512" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce"/></div><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="image_caption" data-testid="image-caption">The Lomi has three different modes, whose cycles take between three and 20 hours. Food processed in the Eco Express and Grow modes can be used in plants and the yard, according to Lomi, which offers a long catalog of guidelines on what and what not to put in the bucket. <!-- --> <span>Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></div></div></div><div aria-label="Go to Slide 2" tabindex="-1" class="fc4db63f " style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" role="button" data-testid="gallery-slide-2"><div data-scp="gallery_main"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5" style="padding-bottom:50.00%;display:inline"><img loading="lazy" alt="The power and settings buttons on the front of the Reencle Home Composter." itemProp="image" data-testid="gallery-image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="1024" height="512" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce"/></div><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="image_caption" data-testid="image-caption">The Reencle opens automatically when you step toward it, and it often smelled boozy—a problem I wasn’t able to solve by running its Purify mode. <!-- --> <span>Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></div></div></div></aside></div></article><div data-scp="removed"><div class="f06fe6a0" data-testid="gallery-caption"><figcaption>The Lomi has three different modes, whose cycles take between three and 20 hours. Food processed in the Eco Express and Grow modes can be used in plants and the yard, according to Lomi, which offers a long catalog of guidelines on what and what not to put in the bucket. <!-- --> <span>Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></div><div class="a312cd0e"><div class="fea15450" style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0)" aria-label="Thumbnail Navigation" data-testid="gallery-film-strip"><button type="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="true" aria-label="Go to Slide 1" class="f3f66c2d c1ad3518 " data-gtm-trigger="gallery_thumbnail" data-testid="gallery-thumbnail-1"><div class="ba4aed2d"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="The power button on the Lomi 2." itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce"/></div></div></button><button type="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Go to Slide 2" class="f3f66c2d " data-gtm-trigger="gallery_thumbnail" data-testid="gallery-thumbnail-2"><div class="ba4aed2d"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="The power and settings buttons on the front of the Reencle Home Composter." itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce"/></div></div></button></div></div></div></div></div><p>Pavlis said the use of the word “fertilizer” is “incorrect terminology.” Generally, commercially sold fertilizers are <a href="https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/chemicals/fertilizer" rel="noopener" target="_blank">regulated</a> to ensure they are safe for people to use, and the manufacturer must list the proportions of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Referring to the term “Lomi Earth,” Pavlis added, “And it’s not earth either. To be earth, you really have to have sand, silt, and clay in it, and there’s no sand, silt, and clay in it.”</p><p>I decided to put the machines’ outputs to the test by conducting a bioassay, a test of germination and plant growth, at home.</p><p>To prepare, I closely followed each company’s instructions. Lomi, for example, requires that you don’t process any meat, fish, or dairy if you plan to use the output on plants. And Reencle requires that you stop adding new food scraps to the recycler 48 hours before emptying it, and then letting the output cure for three to four weeks in an open container before using it on plants. FoodCycler, too, wants you to cure its machine’s grounds before adding them to plants.</p><figure id="attachment_418473" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="A graphic describing what happened on days 1, 3, and 9 on bioassay testing." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530 585w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=1.5 877w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=2 1170w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=2 640w" width="570" height="380" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce alignnone size-large wp-image-418473"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> <!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure><p>I mixed equal amounts of <a class="product-link" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65882/208579/4/200030/?merchant=Ace%20Hardware" rel="noopener sponsored" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="product_link" data-store="Ace Hardware" data-vars-outbound-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65882/208579/4/200030/?merchant=Ace%20Hardware" data-vars-store="Ace Hardware" data-gtm-context="chapter_the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer" data-gtm-element="product_link_impression" data-link-type="link" data-merchant="Ace Hardware" data-pid="65882" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65882/208579/4/200030/?merchant=Ace%20Hardware">Earthgro topsoil</a> with the company-prescribed amounts of identical food grounds. For example, I mixed one cup of topsoil with a tenth of a cup of Lomi grounds, processed in Grow mode, with the microbial tablet, another cup of soil with the Lomi grounds without the tablet, and one cup of topsoil with an 11th of a cup of FoodCycler FC-50 grounds.</p><p>I also created two control groups: one with topsoil alone and one with worm castings from the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">worm-farm</a> experiment I was simultaneously conducting.</p><p>I buried 10 radish seeds at a depth of half an inch in each of the six pots I had prepared, repeating the bioassay experiment with 10 barley seeds buried at a depth of 1.5 inches.</p><p>I watered the soil and turned on the grow lights, ensuring the room <a href="https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1287&context=extension_curall#:~:text=Radishes%20can%20be%20sown%20after,be%20planted%20%C2%BD%20inch%20deep." rel="noopener" target="_blank">temperature</a> didn’t exceed <a href="https://apps.msuextension.org/publications/pub.html?sku=EB0186#:~:text=Barley%20is%20a%20cool%2Dseason,F%20and%2075%C2%B0F" rel="noopener" target="_blank">75 °F</a>. Over nine days, I noted germination rates and dates, plant health, and growth.</p><div><div class="ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-6" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-chapter-mid-6-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-chapter-mid-6"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-6"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="bioassay-test-results"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="bioassay-test-results-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="Bioassay test results" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="7">Bioassay test results</h2><div id="bioassay-test-results-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="bioassay-test-results" aria-hidden="false"><figure id="attachment_418374" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="A chart describing the bioassay testing results of the food recyclers tested." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530 585w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=1.5 877w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=2 1170w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=2 640w" width="570" height="380" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce alignnone size-large wp-image-418374"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> <!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure><p>On day two, a strong, rotten smell emanated from the pots that contained FoodCycler and Lomi grounds.</p><p>On day three, mold had grown on the FoodCycler, Lomi, and Reencle plantings.</p><p>By day four, fruit flies had joined the party.</p><p>That same day, several radish seedlings and a couple of barley seedlings emerged from the soil-only and the soil-plus-worm-castings samples.</p><p>All in all, the food-recycler machines’ material was reliably the least likely to yield robust seedlings. The control groups (soil-only and soil with worm castings) had the highest germination and growth rates, and those groups’ plants had the strongest, most anchored roots.</p><p>The Reencle and Lomi samples performed the poorest. In fact, no radish seedlings emerged at all from the Lomi-with-microbes sample, and zero barley seedlings cropped up from the Reencle sample. The roots of the seedlings that did emerge were less anchored, and the colors of their leaves/blades were, for the most part, a sickly yellow.</p><div class="ce43b2db fa61999a" data-testid="gallery-wrapper"><article class="d63cac99" data-gtm-element="gallery-main" data-testid="gallery"><div class="d1ee6a2a"><aside class="dfb4f088"><div aria-label="Go to Slide 1" tabindex="-1" class="fc4db63f fd22436a " style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0%, 0, 0)" role="button" data-testid="gallery-slide-1"><div data-scp="gallery_main"><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="gif" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif"></div><video data-scp="removed" playsinline="" autoplay="" muted="" loop="" data-testid="gallery-gif"><source src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif?format=mp4" type="video/mp4"/></video><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="image_caption" data-testid="image-caption">The smaller you cut up your scraps, the finer the grounds, but this takes extra effort and can get time-consuming. The Lomi 2 has a window on top so you can watch it processing your scraps. <!-- --> <span>Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></div></div></div><div aria-label="Go to Slide 2" tabindex="-1" class="fc4db63f " style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(100%, 0, 0)" role="button" data-testid="gallery-slide-2"><div data-scp="gallery_main"><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="gif" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif"></div><video data-scp="removed" playsinline="" autoplay="" muted="" loop="" data-testid="gallery-gif"><source src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif?format=mp4" type="video/mp4"/></video><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="image_caption" data-testid="image-caption">A few hours in, the vegetable matter looks decidedly less appetizing. <!-- --> <span>Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></div></div></div></aside></div></article><div data-scp="removed"><div class="f06fe6a0" data-testid="gallery-caption"><figcaption>The smaller you cut up your scraps, the finer the grounds, but this takes extra effort and can get time-consuming. The Lomi 2 has a window on top so you can watch it processing your scraps. <!-- --> <span>Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></div><div class="a312cd0e"><div class="fea15450" style="-webkit-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);-o-transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0);transform:translate3d(0px, 0, 0)" aria-label="Thumbnail Navigation" data-testid="gallery-film-strip"><button type="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="true" aria-label="Go to Slide 1" class="f3f66c2d c1ad3518 " data-gtm-trigger="gallery_thumbnail" data-testid="gallery-thumbnail-1"><div class="ba4aed2d"><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="gif" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif"></div><video data-scp="removed" playsinline="" autoplay="" muted="" loop="" data-testid="gallery-gif"><source src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif?format=mp4" type="video/mp4"/></video></div></button><button type="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Go to Slide 2" class="f3f66c2d " data-gtm-trigger="gallery_thumbnail" data-testid="gallery-thumbnail-2"><div class="ba4aed2d"><div aria-hidden="true" data-scp="gif" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif"></div><video data-scp="removed" playsinline="" autoplay="" muted="" loop="" data-testid="gallery-gif"><source src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif?format=mp4" type="video/mp4"/></video></div></button></div></div></div></div><p>Our conclusion: Food-scrap material from these machines seems, at best, useless at fertilizing, and when it’s applied to soil, it can actually harm your plants.</p><p>Vergara explained that you don’t want to use food scraps on plants before the material has fully decomposed. “If you apply it to soil, it’s actually going to take nutrients from your soil,” she said.</p><p>When asked for comment about the growth test results, Reencle responded that the company has conducted “numerous germination tests in Korea with independent labs with positive results.” The spokesperson also said that it has a research study at Brigham Young University underway to show its machine’s output can be used to grow vegetables.</p><p>Lomi sent me one of its non-peer-reviewed studies, conducted by a consulting firm hired by the company. While the study showed some positive results where Lomi grounds were combined with bulking agents and inoculation of naturally occurring soil microbiome, it also said these benefits were not apparent when poor-quality soil was amended with Lomi Earth. (<a href="https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0569/9675/7697/files/Analysis_of_Lomi_Earth_growth_experiment_Final_1_1.pdf?v=1707257960" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Another study</a> by the same firm came to a similar conclusion.) The study’s summary suggested that “there appears to be an important interaction between Lomi Earth and a diverse soil microbiome that results in greater soil health and enhanced plant growth.” However, the study also found that the Lomi pods and bulking agent did not result in higher growth. In other words, whether your plants will grow, wilt, or die depends on the soil’s microbiome, a variable that’s hard to control for most users.</p><p>FoodCycler responded to our request for comment, saying that its machines’ output “can inhibit germination in some seeds sensitive to electrical conductivity,” but it added that once a plant is established, the grounds can support and increase plant growth.</p><p>Plant growth aside, the output may also pose a health safety issue, depending on the food scraps you add to your machine. According to the <a href="https://www.fda.gov/food/foodborne-pathogens/escherichia-coli-e-coli" rel="noopener" target="_blank">FDA</a>, vegetables and meat count among the most likely sources of E. coli.</p><p>A machine’s internal temperature and the time it takes to process scraps both play a role in safety. Compost reaches a temperature of up to <a href="https://dec.vermont.gov/sites/dec/files/wmp/SolidWaste/Documents/How%20Hot%20Is%20My%20Compost.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">150 °F</a>, and the food-safety “<a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/danger-zone-40f-140f" rel="noopener" target="_blank">danger zone</a>” lies between 40 °F and 140 °F. (E.coli can survive in even higher temperatures.)</p><p>Lomi declined to share the internal temperatures of its machines, but the other companies told me that internal temperatures range between 140 °F and 284 °F.</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418372" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A person holding a crisp of dried vegetables." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1365" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418372"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> The dense, burned crust of some vegetable remnants scraped out of the Lomi.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Ideally, the machines get hot enough to kill harmful bacteria but not so hot that you’re killing off beneficial bacteria. If the temperature is too hot, there’s a tradeoff: “You might be getting rid of a lot of the beneficial bacteria, who are the guys doing all this work, the ones that are doing the decomposition,” Vergara said.</p></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="8">Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?</h2><div id="does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418371" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A glass cup of ground food scraps with a pile of the same material in front." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418371"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> Grounds from the Mill machine. Mill says its grounds are shelf-stable.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>This question has been tormenting me: How much food do these dehydrators really divert from landfills? And how much greenhouse gas emissions are thus avoided?</p><p>One thing is very clear: The amount is not nearly as much as some of these companies claim.</p><p>Take Lomi, for example, which makes some of the biggest environmental claims of the companies whose machines we tested. I asked Lomi to explain the company’s claim that its recyclers have helped to divert up to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240630020703/https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability" rel="noopener" target="_blank">340 million pounds of food scraps</a> from landfills. This number, a spokesperson told me, is based on results from over 200,000 Lomis being used in US households for two years, with each household processing 2.2 pounds of food waste per day.</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418370" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A screenshot of a page on the Lomi website describing their "community impact"." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="1392" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418370"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> When I began research on this piece, Lomi’s site claimed its machines had kept up to 340 million pounds of food scraps out of landfills. After I told the company that its math didn’t add up, the claim was revised on the website.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Lomi</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>When I questioned the company’s math, Lomi quickly revised the figure of food scraps saved from landfills between January 2022 and January 2024, lowering it from up to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240630020703/https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability" rel="noopener" target="_blank">340 million pounds</a> to up to <a href="https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability" rel="noopener" target="_blank">260 million pounds</a>. However, the company continued to use the assumption that each Lomi user had diverted 2.2 pounds of food waste per household per day from the landfill during this period.</p><p>When asked for the origin of its 2.2-pounds-per-household figure, Lomi cited an <a href="https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/documents/warm_organic_materials_v15_10-29-2020.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">EPA document</a> that did not actually include this number. The company did not respond to our specific questions about the exact numbers behind its calculations when we asked again later, so we did the math ourselves.</p><p>According to the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">EPA</a>, the average US household produces about 338 pounds of food waste a year, which breaks down to less than 1 pound per day. (Don’t forget, this represents only 40% of total food waste; <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">the other 60%</a> originates from restaurants, institutions, and supermarkets.)</p><p>For the sake of argument, let’s assume that Lomi sold the 200,000 machines currently in people’s homes in January 2022 (highly unlikely), when the machines first became available. Let’s also assume that the machines’ owners processed all of their household food waste in those machines for 24 months (also highly unlikely, particularly since there are dozens of food items, including oils, large bones, and nutshells, that the Lomi cannot process). Even under these most optimistic circumstances, Lomi machines would have saved only about 134 million pounds of food waste from landfills, about half of what the company claims.</p><p>But even this number appears highly implausible considering that if you opt to use the machine’s <a href="https://support.pela.earth/hc/en-us/articles/4416228515355-What-Can-I-Add-to-Lomi" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Grow mode</a> to create, in Lomi’s words, “a natural fertilizer,” you must exclude dairy, meat, bones, and grains.</p><figure id="attachment_418369" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="A graphic decoding Lomi's sustainability claim." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=570&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530 585w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=1.5 877w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=530&dpr=2 1170w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=425&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp&quality=60&width=265&dpr=2 640w" width="570" height="380" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce alignnone size-large wp-image-418369"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> <!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure><p>The accuracy of Lomi’s food-waste numbers matters, since they are a critical figure in avoided-greenhouse-gas-emissions calculations. On its site, the company <a href="https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability" rel="noopener" target="_blank">touts</a> an avoided-emissions figure of 169 kg CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent), which Lomi told us in an email was determined by a hired consultancy. According to Lomi, this figure assumes that “the Lomi Earth (end product) is used at home” compared with the “transportation and disposal of the same food waste in a landfill.”</p><p>This point is clear: If your goal is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from your food waste, it’s most important that you make sure it does not end up in the trash, after which it will be landfilled or burned. <a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-10/food-waste-landfill-methane-10-8-23-final_508-compliant.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Landfilled food waste contributes to greenhouse gas emissions</a>, most potently in the form of methane. But you don’t need a machine to compost.</p><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418540" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="A pile of light colored grounds spilled on the base of a tree." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418540"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> One of our editors spotted telltale food-recycler grounds near Wirecutter’s office. Evidently, we’re not the only ones confused about what to do with them.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marguerite Preston/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Still, there are some potential environmental benefits to using these machines. Several of the experts we consulted said that the dehydrators may potentially help make people more aware of their food waste.</p><p>“If it helps them engage in more pro-environmental behaviors, it’s a win,” said <a href="https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Gina M. Talt</a>, the food systems project manager at Princeton University’s <a href="https://sustain.princeton.edu/about-us/composting" rel="noopener" target="_blank">S.C.R.A.P. Lab</a>. But, she added, “A lot of people forget that the biggest way we can have an impact is to stop the waste of food upfront and … don’t just have leftover food that goes bad.”</p><div><div class="ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-7" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-chapter-mid-7-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-chapter-mid-7"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-chapter-mid-7"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="So what are food recyclers actually good for?" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="9">So what are food recyclers actually good for?</h2><div id="so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for-panel" class="fa265be5" aria-labelledby="so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for" aria-hidden="false"><div class="f669362e"><figure id="attachment_418368" class="caption alignnone"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b71ff2c5"><img loading="lazy" alt="The inside of a used Mill Food Recycler." src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024 1024w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=1.5 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=1024&dpr=2 2048w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980 980w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=1.5 1470w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=980&dpr=2 1960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=768&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=1.5 720w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=480&dpr=2 960w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg?auto=webp&quality=75&width=320&dpr=2 640w" width="2048" height="2048" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce size-full wp-image-418368"/></div><figcaption class="caption-text"> The Mill, the largest machine we tested, offers a mail-in program to turn food waste into chicken feed.<!-- --> <span class="caption-text caption-credit">Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>Based on our lab results and planting tests, we can confidently say that adding food-recycler grounds to your garden or potted plants is a bad idea. But some people might still find a use for them.</p><p><strong>You can use the output to speed up compost. </strong>You could mix the dehydrated matter with browns (cardboard or dry leaves) and add them to an existing compost pile. But you’d have to add water because the microbes that are digesting the matter like it moist.</p><p>“Something that is actually grinding that material down for you does help kickstart that composting process,” <a href="https://www.depts.ttu.edu/pss/people/faculty/slaughter-lindsey/lslaughter.php" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Lindsey Slaughter</a> said. “So it would speed up the overall time needed for composting.”</p><p><strong>You can use them to pause composting in winter. </strong>These machines might also come in handy during cold winter months, when your outdoor compost bin fills up faster than your compost breaks down. Since the dehydrated food scraps can be stored for several months, you can save the stuff until the weather is warm enough for your compost microbes to return to work. But, again, you will have to add water—another crucial resource in addition to the electricity needed to run the machines.</p><p><strong>You can use them to reduce your trash volume. </strong>Around <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921344918304683" rel="noopener" target="_blank">10%</a> of US municipalities have adopted a <a href="https://archive.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/tools/payt/web/html/index.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">pay-as-you-throw program</a>, in which residents are charged for the collection of household trash according to <a href="https://archive.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/tools/payt/web/html/top20.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">weight or volume</a>. And dehydrating your food waste by 75% to 90% can certainly make a difference in the heft of your trash. But critically, if you still throw the grounds in the trash, you do nothing to reduce your environmental footprint. Your (smaller) food scraps will likely end up in the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/composting#impacts" rel="noopener" target="_blank">landfill</a> or be incinerated.</p><p>Composting expert Xavier DeRoos, founder of composting service <a href="https://liverenuable.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Renüable</a>, said if you don’t do backyard composting, it would be best to pair your food recycler’s output with a composting program, to properly divert the material from the landfill. He suggested contacting your municipality and asking about municipal composting programs or community composters in your area. Otherwise, he said, “the methane is still being produced and just released in a separate timeline.”</p><p><strong>You might donate the stuff to chickens. </strong>Mill takes the guessing game out of what to do with your scraps by offering an alternative model. Although you can <a href="https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe" rel="noopener" target="_blank">add the Mill grounds</a> to your existing compost, your municipal garbage, or your green bin, there’s an alternative approach. For a $10 monthly subscription fee, you can order prepaid, plastic-lined boxes from Mill, have USPS pick them up, and send them to Mill. The company gives the grounds to small farms, which use them as <a href="https://www.mill.com/faq/service" rel="noopener" target="_blank">chicken feed</a>, a recycling method that’s more beneficial than composting, according to the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/wasted-food-scale#about" rel="noopener" target="_blank">EPA’s Wasted Food Scale</a>. (You can also feed the grounds to <a href="https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe" rel="noopener" target="_blank">your own chickens</a>.)</p><p>If you’ve been curious about these machines because you want to do something good for the planet, these food recyclers are probably not the way to go. Try to waste less food. Start a backyard compost. Or look for composting options in your area, such as farms, community composting programs, or microhaulers that pick up food scraps. Chances are good that there are options nearby, so your ice cream maker doesn’t have to fight for counter space with yet another newfangled kitchen appliance.</p><p><em>This piece was edited by Ben Frumin, Katie Okamoto, and Marguerite Preston.</em></p><aside class="d6a9b639" data-scp="inline_recirc" data-testid="recirc-grid"><h4 class="f7b4df64" data-scp="inline_recirc_title hidden">Further reading</h4><ul class="b3d51331" data-scp="inline_recirc_list"><li class="ba287d6a ed4e7a20" data-related-id="221212" data-gtm-element="inline_module" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" data-inline-module-index="0" data-scp="inline_recirc_item"><article class="a2173826" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" data-title="How to Start Composting" data-content-type="review" aria-labelledby="group-title-221212" aria-describedby="group-text-221212"><div class="cde69604" data-scp="removed"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" tabindex="-1" data-related-id="221212" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" data-inline-module-index="0" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="How to Start Composting" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce e7a1aff2 "/></div></a></div><div class="ba3782d5"><h3 class="c89ed24f" data-scp="inline_recirc_headline"><a id="group-title-221212" class="f325b457" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" aria-label="How to Start Composting" data-related-id="221212" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/" data-inline-module-index="0" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module">How to Start Composting</a></h3><div id="group-text-221212" class="fca148e3" data-scp="removed" data-testid="recirc-summary"><p>No matter where you live or how many kitchen scraps you amass, you can compost if you want to. We compiled tips from five compost experts to get you started.</p></div></div></article></li><li class="ba287d6a ed4e7a20" data-related-id="218574" data-gtm-element="inline_module" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" data-inline-module-index="1" data-scp="inline_recirc_item"><article class="a2173826" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" data-title="Kitchen Compost Bins We Love" data-content-type="review" aria-labelledby="group-title-218574" aria-describedby="group-text-218574"><div class="cde69604" data-scp="removed"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" tabindex="-1" data-related-id="218574" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" data-inline-module-index="1" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="Kitchen Compost Bins We Love" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce e7a1aff2 "/></div></a></div><div class="ba3782d5"><h3 class="c89ed24f" data-scp="inline_recirc_headline"><a id="group-title-218574" class="f325b457" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" aria-label="Kitchen Compost Bins We Love" data-related-id="218574" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/" data-inline-module-index="1" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module">Kitchen Compost Bins We Love</a></h3><div id="group-text-218574" class="fca148e3" data-scp="removed" data-testid="recirc-summary"><p>Our favorite kitchen compost bins are affordable (or free), easy to clean, and may help you keep up a composting habit for the long run.</p></div></div></article></li><li class="ba287d6a ed4e7a20" data-related-id="251098" data-gtm-element="inline_module" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" data-inline-module-index="2" data-scp="inline_recirc_item"><article class="a2173826" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" data-title="25 Simple Tools and Practical Tips for Cutting Down Food Waste" data-content-type="review" aria-labelledby="group-title-251098" aria-describedby="group-text-251098"><div class="cde69604" data-scp="removed"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" tabindex="-1" data-related-id="251098" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" data-inline-module-index="2" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="25 Simple Tools and Practical Tips for Cutting Down Food Waste" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce e7a1aff2 "/></div></a></div><div class="ba3782d5"><h3 class="c89ed24f" data-scp="inline_recirc_headline"><a id="group-title-251098" class="f325b457" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" aria-label="25 Simple Tools and Practical Tips for Cutting Down Food Waste" data-related-id="251098" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/" data-inline-module-index="2" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module">25 Simple Tools and Practical Tips for Cutting Down Food Waste</a></h3><div id="group-text-251098" class="fca148e3" data-scp="removed" data-testid="recirc-summary"><p>These tools and strategies for reducing food waste skip the guilt trip and focus instead on a holistic approach to cooking.</p></div></div></article></li><li class="ba287d6a ed4e7a20" data-related-id="378405" data-gtm-element="inline_module" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" data-inline-module-index="3" data-scp="inline_recirc_item"><article class="a2173826" data-url="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" data-title="I Saved 2,000 Pounds of Food Waste From the Landfill With This Simple Composter" data-content-type="review" aria-labelledby="group-title-378405" aria-describedby="group-text-378405"><div class="cde69604" data-scp="removed"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" tabindex="-1" data-related-id="378405" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" data-inline-module-index="3" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image"><img loading="lazy" alt="I Saved 2,000 Pounds of Food Waste From the Landfill With This Simple Composter" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=3:2&width=90&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="100" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce e7a1aff2 "/></div></a></div><div class="ba3782d5"><h3 class="c89ed24f" data-scp="inline_recirc_headline"><a id="group-title-378405" class="f325b457" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" aria-label="I Saved 2,000 Pounds of Food Waste From the Landfill With This Simple Composter" data-related-id="378405" data-inline-module-link="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/" data-inline-module-index="3" data-gtm-trigger="inline_module">I Saved 2,000 Pounds of Food Waste From the Landfill With This Simple Composter</a></h3><div id="group-text-378405" class="fca148e3" data-scp="removed" data-testid="recirc-summary"><p>Think of this no-turn composter like a personal trash incinerator fueled by Mother Nature; just install it on a patch of unpaved ground and feed it your scraps.</p></div></div></article></li></ul></aside></div></section><section class="b6d81848 d47f7b03" id="sources"><h2 class="e823fba7" aria-controls="sources-panel" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" data-gtm-element="chapter_heading" data-gtm-trigger="single_chapter" data-chapter-name="Sources" data-expand-close="close" data-chapter-index="10">Sources</h2><div id="sources-panel" class="fa265be5 cca5b811" aria-labelledby="sources" aria-hidden="false"><ol class="e2f33127"><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Dr. Lindsey Slaughter, <a href="https://www.depts.ttu.edu/research/cotton/bios/lindsey-slaughter.php" target="_blank" title="associate professor" rel="noreferrer">associate professor</a>, Soil Microbial Ecology/Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, video interview, April 8, 2024, email interviews, May 22, 2024 and July 1, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Xavier DeRoos, <a href="https://liverenuable.com/" target="_blank" title="owner/founder of Renüable" rel="noreferrer">owner/founder of Renüable</a>, video interview<!-- -->, April 12, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Dr. Anthony Lau, <a href="https://chbe.ubc.ca/anthony-lau/" target="_blank" title="associate professor, Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia" rel="noreferrer">associate professor, Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia</a>, video interview<!-- -->, August 15, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Robert Pavlis, <a href="https://wclink.co/link/65881/0/4/200028/" target="_blank" title="author of Microbe Science for Gardeners" rel="noreferrer">author of Microbe Science for Gardeners</a>, video interview, May 3, 2024, email interview, May 3, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Gina M. Talt, <a href="https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt" target="_blank" title="food systems project manager at the Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab" rel="noreferrer">food systems project manager at the Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab</a>, video interview April, 11, 2024, email interview, July 12, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Sintana Vergara, <!-- -->associate professor, Swarthmore College<!-- -->, video interview<!-- -->, April 8, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Stefano Carattini, <a href="https://aysps.gsu.edu/profile/stefano-carattini/" target="_blank" title="assistant professor, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University" rel="noreferrer">assistant professor, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University</a>, video interview<!-- -->, May 30, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Suzy Sammons, <a href="https://www.mill.com/" target="_blank" title="head of communications and marketing at Mill" rel="noreferrer">head of communications and marketing at Mill</a>, email interviews, April 2 and April 9, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">Samantha Eves, <a href="https://lomi.com/" target="_blank" title="director, marketing and consumer experience, Lomi" rel="noreferrer">director, marketing and consumer experience, Lomi</a>, email interviews, July 9, July 23, August 7, and October 10, 2024</p></li><li class="c4d81cbc" data-scp="sources_item"><p data-scp="sources_content">David Kim, <a href="https://reencle.co/" target="_blank" title="COO, Reencle" rel="noreferrer">COO, Reencle</a>, email interviews, May 3, July 30, and August 1, 2024</p></li></ol></div></section></div><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 cdde21c0 e5f9b502 d4b00d15"><div data-scp="removed"><a id="author-bios"></a><h2 class="bcd0fe8e" data-testid="author-bio-title">Meet your <!-- -->guide</h2><div class="b56e1312"><div class="db49d064 e1e26e10 c5d85fe0"><div class="ec5f8867 global_chapter__arp_image b13cc510"><img loading="lazy" alt="" itemProp="image" src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=100" data-src="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=150" data-srcset="https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=150 768w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=150&dpr=1.5 1152w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=150&dpr=2 1536w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=100 320w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=100&dpr=1.5 480w,https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg?auto=webp&quality=60&crop=1:1&width=100&dpr=2 640w" width="150" height="150" class="cf3feb4c c882c9ce af9a8523 e8eb0d8c"/></div><div><p class="df56fada" data-testid="author-name">Sabine Heinlein</p><div class="cf439f01 a6e78d5f" data-scp="removed" data-testid="social-group"></div></div></div><div data-testid="author-bio-text"><div class="f955a053">What I Cover</div><p><span>I’m a senior staff writer on Wirecutter’s home appliance team, where I cover all kinds of vacuum cleaners. I’ve also ventured into the wild world of bunny care, vacuum cleaner enthusiasts, and basement flood prevention. Keeping my two-cat, two-rabbit home clean is one of my more acceptable obsessions.</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="a1e09724"><div class="a1497183"><div class="f668f15c f21e64f1 b5823c44 cdde21c0 e5f9b502 b6898b3f"><div><div class="ff31b4af" data-ad-element="outer_ad_container" data-scp="removed"><div class="e5d43c70"><p class="cca4d3b6">Advertisement</p><a href="#after-dfp-ad-bottom" class="css-777zgl">SKIP ADVERTISEMENT</a><div class="ad dfp-ad-bottom-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="dfp-ad-bottom"></div><div id="after-dfp-ad-bottom"></div></div></div></div><div></div></div></div></div></article></main><div style="display:none" data-arachne="slc_edit_singular_link"><a href="https://thewirecutter.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=418541&action=edit" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="ignore" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Edit</a></div><footer class="faf0c3cc" role="contentinfo"><div data-testid="footer-grid" class="a1e09724"><div class="e91fd2bb a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><a class="af607b92" href="https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/" aria-label="Wirecutter" title="Wirecutter"><span class="ebd4ab90">Wirecutter</span></a></div></div><div class="e6c4a3b8 a1497183"><div class="f21e64f1 ee5c1510 fae5397c"><p class="cdcba131">Wirecutter is the product recommendation service from The New York Times. Our journalists combine independent research with (occasionally) over-the-top testing so you can make quick and confident buying decisions. Whether it’s finding great products or discovering helpful advice, we’ll help you get it right (the first time).<!-- --> </p><div class="cf439f01 aa5d7f2a" data-scp="removed" data-testid="social-group"><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/thewirecutter/" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Find us on Facebook" data-testid="share-facebook"><svg data-icon="facebook" width="10" height="19" viewBox="0 0 10 19" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.54596 18.9407V10.4917H0.3125V7.45174H2.54596V4.85294C2.54596 2.8125 3.86489 0.9375 6.90602 0.9375C8.13649 0.9375 9.04527 1.05584 9.04527 1.05584L8.97518 3.89476C8.97518 3.89476 8.04687 3.88672 7.0324 3.88672C5.9375 3.88672 5.76172 4.39223 5.76172 5.22978V7.45174H9.0625L8.91889 10.4917H5.76172V18.9407H2.54596Z"></path></svg></a><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/wirecutter/" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_instagram" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Find us on Instagram" data-testid="share-instagram"><svg data-icon="instagram" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M8.99998 1.62165C11.4031 1.62165 11.6877 1.6308 12.6367 1.6741C13.5142 1.71415 13.9908 1.86077 14.3079 1.98398C14.728 2.14725 15.0278 2.34231 15.3428 2.65723C15.6577 2.97215 15.8528 3.272 16.016 3.69206C16.1392 4.00923 16.2859 4.48577 16.3259 5.36323C16.3692 6.31228 16.3783 6.5969 16.3783 9.00002C16.3783 11.4031 16.3692 11.6878 16.3259 12.6368C16.2859 13.5143 16.1392 13.9908 16.016 14.308C15.8528 14.728 15.6577 15.0279 15.3428 15.3428C15.0278 15.6577 14.728 15.8528 14.3079 16.016C13.9908 16.1393 13.5142 16.2859 12.6367 16.3259C11.6879 16.3692 11.4032 16.3784 8.99998 16.3784C6.59672 16.3784 6.3121 16.3692 5.36323 16.3259C4.48574 16.2859 4.00919 16.1393 3.69206 16.016C3.27196 15.8528 2.97212 15.6577 2.6572 15.3428C2.34227 15.0279 2.14721 14.728 1.98398 14.308C1.86073 13.9908 1.71411 13.5143 1.67406 12.6368C1.63076 11.6878 1.62162 11.4031 1.62162 9.00002C1.62162 6.5969 1.63076 6.31228 1.67406 5.36326C1.71411 4.48577 1.86073 4.00923 1.98398 3.69206C2.14721 3.272 2.34227 2.97215 2.6572 2.65723C2.97212 2.34231 3.27196 2.14725 3.69206 1.98398C4.00919 1.86077 4.48574 1.71415 5.36319 1.6741C6.31224 1.6308 6.59687 1.62165 8.99998 1.62165ZM8.99998 0C6.55571 0 6.24926 0.0103604 5.28931 0.0541599C4.33133 0.097888 3.67712 0.250007 3.10462 0.472506C2.51279 0.702507 2.01088 1.01025 1.51055 1.51058C1.01021 2.01092 0.702472 2.51283 0.47247 3.10466C0.249972 3.67716 0.0978523 4.33137 0.0541242 5.28935C0.0103247 6.24926 0 6.55575 0 9.00002C0 11.4443 0.0103247 11.7508 0.0541242 12.7107C0.0978523 13.6687 0.249972 14.3229 0.47247 14.8954C0.702472 15.4872 1.01021 15.9891 1.51055 16.4895C2.01088 16.9898 2.51279 17.2975 3.10462 17.5275C3.67712 17.75 4.33133 17.9021 5.28931 17.9459C6.24926 17.9897 6.55571 18 8.99998 18C11.4443 18 11.7507 17.9897 12.7107 17.9459C13.6686 17.9021 14.3228 17.75 14.8953 17.5275C15.4872 17.2975 15.9891 16.9898 16.4894 16.4895C16.9898 15.9891 17.2975 15.4872 17.5275 14.8954C17.75 14.3229 17.9021 13.6687 17.9458 12.7107C17.9896 11.7508 18 11.4443 18 9.00002C18 6.55575 17.9896 6.24926 17.9458 5.28935C17.9021 4.33137 17.75 3.67716 17.5275 3.10466C17.2975 2.51283 16.9898 2.01092 16.4894 1.51058C15.9891 1.01025 15.4872 0.702507 14.8953 0.472506C14.3228 0.250007 13.6686 0.097888 12.7107 0.0541599C11.7507 0.0103604 11.4443 0 8.99998 0ZM8.99998 4.37838C6.44753 4.37838 4.37835 6.44757 4.37835 9.00002C4.37835 11.5525 6.44753 13.6217 8.99998 13.6217C11.5524 13.6217 13.6216 11.5525 13.6216 9.00002C13.6216 6.44757 11.5524 4.37838 8.99998 4.37838ZM8.99998 12C7.34314 12 5.99996 10.6569 5.99996 9.00002C5.99996 7.34317 7.34314 6 8.99998 6C10.6568 6 12 7.34317 12 9.00002C12 10.6569 10.6568 12 8.99998 12ZM14.8842 4.19579C14.8842 4.79226 14.4007 5.27581 13.8042 5.27581C13.2077 5.27581 12.7242 4.79226 12.7242 4.19579C12.7242 3.59931 13.2077 3.1158 13.8042 3.1158C14.4007 3.1158 14.8842 3.59931 14.8842 4.19579Z"></path></svg></a><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="twitter-x" href="https://x.com/wirecutter/" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_twitterX" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Find us on X" data-testid="share-twitterX"><svg data-icon="twitter-x" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 1200 1227" fill="currentColor" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z"></path></svg></a><a class="d132a8bc f4e1b90d f46527bf" data-icon="tiktok" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@wirecutter" target="_blank" data-gtm-trigger="share_tiktok" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Find us on Tiktok" data-testid="share-tiktok"><svg data-icon="tiktok" width="16" height="18" viewBox="0 0 16 18" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M13.658 3.84956C13.5365 3.78677 13.4182 3.71794 13.3036 3.64332C12.9704 3.423 12.6648 3.1634 12.3935 2.87011C11.7148 2.09352 11.4613 1.30568 11.368 0.754087H11.3717C11.2937 0.296235 11.326 0 11.3309 0H8.23951V11.9537C8.23951 12.1141 8.23951 12.2728 8.23276 12.4295C8.23276 12.449 8.23088 12.467 8.22976 12.488C8.22976 12.4966 8.22976 12.5056 8.22788 12.5146C8.22788 12.5169 8.22788 12.5191 8.22788 12.5214C8.1953 12.9503 8.05781 13.3646 7.82752 13.7279C7.59723 14.0912 7.28118 14.3923 6.9072 14.6048C6.51742 14.8265 6.07657 14.9428 5.62814 14.9423C4.18783 14.9423 3.02052 13.7678 3.02052 12.3174C3.02052 10.867 4.18783 9.69252 5.62814 9.69252C5.90078 9.69226 6.17174 9.73517 6.43097 9.81963L6.43472 6.67204C5.64777 6.57039 4.8483 6.63293 4.08673 6.85572C3.32516 7.07851 2.61803 7.45672 2.00994 7.96648C1.47712 8.42943 1.02917 8.98181 0.686258 9.59877C0.555764 9.82376 0.0634138 10.7278 0.00379176 12.1951C-0.0337064 13.028 0.216406 13.8908 0.33565 14.2474V14.2549C0.410646 14.4649 0.701257 15.1815 1.17486 15.7856C1.55675 16.2702 2.00795 16.6958 2.51392 17.0489V17.0414L2.52142 17.0489C4.01797 18.0658 5.67726 17.9991 5.67726 17.9991C5.96449 17.9875 6.9267 17.9991 8.01939 17.4813C9.23133 16.9072 9.9213 16.0518 9.9213 16.0518C10.3621 15.5408 10.7126 14.9583 10.9577 14.3295C11.2375 13.5942 11.3309 12.7122 11.3309 12.3598V6.01807C11.3683 6.04057 11.8678 6.37093 11.8678 6.37093C11.8678 6.37093 12.5874 6.83216 13.7101 7.13252C14.5156 7.34626 15.6008 7.39126 15.6008 7.39126V4.32241C15.2205 4.36366 14.4484 4.24366 13.658 3.84956Z" fill="#333333"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="c2236fe4 ffb54cc4 de94695a ea81df3d f3e29d4d"><ul class="c820d94d"><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/about/" title="About Wirecutter" class="a3934294">About Wirecutter</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/masthead/" title="Our team" class="a3934294">Our team</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/staff-demographics/" title="Staff demographics" class="a3934294">Staff demographics</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://nytimes.wd5.myworkdayjobs.com/Wirecutter" title="Jobs at Wirecutter" class="a3934294" target="_blank">Jobs at Wirecutter</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://help.nytimes.com/hc/en-us/articles/115015385887-Contact-The-New-York-Times" title="Contact us" class="a3934294" target="_blank">Contact us</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/how-to-pitch/" title="How to pitch" class="a3934294">How to pitch</a></li></ul></div><div class="d7d228df ffb54cc4 b3457c18 ea81df3d be62935a"><ul class="c820d94d"><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/deals/" title="Deals" class="a3934294">Deals</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/lists/" title="Lists" class="a3934294">Lists</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/blog/" title="Blog" class="a3934294">Blog</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/newsletters/" title="Newsletters" class="a3934294">Newsletters</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/make-a-plan/moving/" title="Make a Plan: Moving" class="a3934294" data-gtm-trigger="map_moving_link">Make a Plan: Moving</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="a1497183"><div class="b4dcbd95 f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><ul class="c820d94d"><li class="e43d8ade">© <!-- -->2024<!-- --> Wirecutter, Inc.,<!-- --> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/" class="e471f626">A New York Times Company</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/privacy/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy" class="a3934294">Privacy Policy</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://help.nytimes.com/hc/en-us/articles/115014893428-Terms-of-service" title="Terms of Use" class="a3934294">Terms of Use</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/privacy/cookie-policy" title="Cookie Policy" class="a3934294">Cookie Policy</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/partners/" title="Partnerships & Advertising" class="a3934294">Partnerships & Advertising</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="https://info.wrightsmedia.com/nyt-wirecutter-licensing" title="Licensing & Reprints" class="a3934294" target="_blank">Licensing & Reprints</a></li><li class="a6c80688"><a href="/wirecutter/feed/" title="RSS" class="a3934294" target="_blank">RSS</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="a1497183"><div class="b4dcbd95 f21e64f1 b5823c44 bdfcf243"><ul class="c820d94d"></ul></div></div></div></footer></div><aside class="ce0a0703"></aside></div></div><script>!function(){var e={},n=0,o=function(e){var n=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];n.parentNode.insertBefore(e,n)},t=function(t,r,a){var c;r&&"function"!=typeof r&&(a=r.context||a,c=r.setup,r=r.callback);var d,l,i=document.createElement("script"),f=!1,u=function(){f||(f=!0,l(),r&&r.call(a,d))},s=function(){d=new Error(t||"EMPTY"),u()};if(!i.readyState||"async"in i)l=function(){i.onload=i.onerror=null},i.onerror=s,i.onload=u,i.async=!0,i.charset="utf-8",c&&c.call(a,i),i.src=t,o(i);else{var y=n++,p={loaded:!0,complete:!0},m=!1;l=function(){i.onreadystatechange=i.onerror=null,e[y]=void 0},i.onreadystatechange=function(){var e=i.readyState;if(!d)return!m&&p[e]&&(m=!0,o(i)),"loaded"===e&&(i.children,"loading"===i.readyState)?s():void("complete"===i.readyState&&u())},i.onerror=s,e[y]=i,c&&c.call(a,i),i.src=t}};"object"==typeof exports&&"object"==typeof module?module.exports=t:"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],function(){return t}):window._lload=t}()</script><script>if(!(typeof Symbol!=="undefined"&&typeof Symbol.for==="function"&&typeof Promise!=="undefined"&&typeof Number.isNaN!=="undefined"&&typeof Map!=="undefined"&&typeof Set!=="undefined"&&typeof Object.assign!=="undefined")){window._lload("https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net"+"/_next/static/vendor/core-js-2.6.2.js",{setup:function(script){script.async=false},callback:function(err){err&&console.log(err)}})}</script><script> !function(a){var s,c,p,_,d,l,u=[],f={pv_id:"",ctx_id:"",intra:!1,force_xhr:!1,store_last_response:!1 },g="object"==typeof a.navigator&&"string"==typeof a.navigator.userAgent&&/iP(ad|hone|od)/.test( a.navigator.userAgent),y="object"==typeof a.navigator&&a.navigator.sendBeacon, v=y?g?"xhr_ios":"beacon":"xhr";function h(){var e,t,n=a.crypto||a.msCrypto;if(n)t=n.getRandomValues( new Uint8Array(18));else for(t=[];t.length<18;)t.push(256*Math.random()^255&(e=e||+new Date)), e=Math.floor(e/256);return btoa(String.fromCharCode.apply(String,t)).replace(/\+/g,"-").replace( /\//g,"_")}if(a.nyt_et)try{console.warn("et2 snippet should only load once per page")}catch(e ){}else a.nyt_et=function(){var e,t,n,o=arguments;function r(e){var t,n,o,r,i;u.length&&(t=s+"track" ,n=JSON.stringify(u),e=e,o=f.force_xhr,r=f.store_last_response,!o&&("beacon"===v||y&&e)?( o=a.navigator.sendBeacon(t,n),r&&(l=o)):(( i="undefined"!=typeof XMLHttpRequest?new XMLHttpRequest:new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") ).open("POST",t),i.withCredentials=!0,i.setRequestHeader("Accept","*/*"), "string"==typeof n?i.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/plain;charset=UTF-8" ):"[object Blob]"==={}.toString.call(n)&&n.type&&i.setRequestHeader("Content-Type",n.type), r&&!i.onload&&(i.onload=function(){l=i.response},i.onerror=function(e){l=!1}),i.send(n)),u.length=0, clearTimeout(d),d=null)}if("string"==typeof o[0]&&/init/.test(o[0])&&(f=function(e,t){var n="",o="", r=!1,i=!1,a=!1;if("string"==typeof e&&"init"==e&&"object"==typeof t&&( "boolean"==typeof t.intranet&&t.intranet&&(r=!0),"boolean"==typeof t.force_xhr&&t.force_xhr&&(i=!0), "boolean"==typeof t.store_last_response&&t.store_last_response&&(a=!0), "string"==typeof t.pv_id_override&&"string"==typeof t.ctx_id_override))if( 24<=t.pv_id_override.length&&24<=t.ctx_id_override.length)n=t.pv_id_override, o=t.ctx_id_override;else try{console.warn("override id(s) must be >= 24 chars long")}catch(e){} return{pv_id:n,ctx_id:o,intra:r,store_last_response:a,force_xhr:i}}(o[0],o[3]),p=f.pv_id||h(), "init"==o[0]&&!c)){if(c=f.ctx_id||h(),"string"!=typeof o[1]||!/^http/.test(o[1]))throw new Error( "init must include an et host url");if(s=String(o[1]).replace(/([^\/])$/,"$1/"), "string"!=typeof o[2])throw new Error("init must include a source app name");_=o[2]}var i=o.length-1 ;(e=o[i]&&"object"==typeof o[i]?o[i]:e)||/init/.test(o[0])?e&&!e.subject&&console.warn( "event data {} must include a subject"):console.warn( "when invoked without 'init' or 'pageinit', nyt_et() must include a event data"),s&&e&&e.subject&&( i=e.subject,delete e.subject,n="page_exit"==i||"ob_click"==(e.eventData||{}).type, t="page"==i||"page_soft"==i?p:h(),u.push({context_id:c,pageview_id:p,event_id:t,client_lib:"v1.3.0", sourceApp:_,intranet:f.intra?1:void 0,subject:i,how:n&&g&&y?"beacon_ios":v,client_ts:+new Date, data:JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(e))}),"send"==o[0]||t==p||n?r(n):("soon"==o[0]&&(clearTimeout(d), d=setTimeout(r,200)),d=d||setTimeout(r,5500)))},a.nyt_et.get_pageview_id=function(){return p}, a.nyt_et.get_context_id=function(){return c},a.nyt_et.get_host=function(){return s}, a.nyt_et.get_last_send_response=function(){var e=l;return e&&(l=null),e}}(window); nyt_et('init', 'https://a.et.nytimes.com', 'wirecutter', { subject: 'page' });</script><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"hasError":false,"abraRules":{".ver":22419,"Wirecutter_Growth_RegiliteSignup_0924":{"abtest_partition":[{"var":"agent_id"},"Wirecutter_Growth_RegiliteSignup_0924",3865470565,"1_Regilite",4294967295,"0_Control"]},"Wirecutter_Growth_Postit_1024":{"abtest_partition":[{"var":"agent_id"},"Wirecutter_Growth_Postit_1024",2147483647,"0_Control",4294967295,"1_Removed_Postit"]},"Wirecutter_cwv_GAI_1124":{"abtest_partition":[{"var":"agent_id"},"Wirecutter_cwv_GAI_1124",3865470565,"0_Control",4294967295,"1_GAI_Search"]}},"fastlyAbraTests":{".ver":"21962.000","Wirecutter_Growth_RegiliteSignup_0924":"0_Control","Wirecutter_cwv_GAI_1124":"0_Control"},"menuData":[{"name":"slc_navigation_nested","items":[{"primaryTitle":"Black Friday","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[],"categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Black Friday deals","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Early Black Friday deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/best-early-black-friday-deals-2024-1114/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Deals by Retailer","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Amazon Black Friday deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/early-amazon-black-friday-deals-2024-1123/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Best Buy Black Friday deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/early-best-buy-black-friday-deals-2024-1108/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"REI Winter Sale deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/rei-winter-sale-2024-1115/"}]}]},{"primaryTitle":"Gifts","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Holiday Gifts","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"For Occasions","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Christmas gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-christmas-gift-ideas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hanukkah gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/hanukkah-gift-ideas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Secret Santa gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-secret-santa-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"White elephant gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/white-elephant-ideas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Last-minute Christmas gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-last-minute-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stocking stuffer ideas for kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/stocking-stuffers-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stocking stuffers for adults","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/stocking-stuffers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Just-in-case gifts for guests","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/cheap-just-in-case-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Host and hostess gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-hostess-gifts/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"For Hobbyists","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for gamers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gamers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for travelers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-travelers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for cyclists","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-cyclists/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for runners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-runners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for golfers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-golf-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for plant lovers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-plant-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for book lovers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gifts-for-book-lovers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for coffee lovers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-coffee-lovers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for photographers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-photographers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for gardeners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gardeners/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Unique Gifts","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Personalized gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/personalized/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Work from home gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-remote-work-from-home/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts that last forever","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-that-last-forever/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for listening to music","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/great-gifts-for-listening-to-music/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Tech gifts for gadget lovers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-tech-gadget-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Alcohol gifts for cocktail lovers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-alcohol-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"For people who are always cold","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gifts-for-people-who-are-always-cold/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"For people who love to clean","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-people-who-love-to-clean/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Gifts for Grown-Ups","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"For Occasions","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Housewarming gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-housewarming-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Anniversary gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-anniversary-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Retirement gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-retirement-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Birthday gifts for her","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-birthday-gifts-for-her/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for coworkers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-coworkers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for new moms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-new-moms/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bridal shower gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-bridal-shower-gifts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Flower delivery","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-flower-delivery/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gift baskets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gift-baskets/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"For Loved Ones","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for boyfriends","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-boyfriend/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for girlfriends","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-girlfriend/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for moms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-mom/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for dads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-dad/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for grandparents","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-grandparents/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for someone who has everything","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/gifts-for-people-who-have-everything/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Under Budget","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts under $25","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-25/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts under $50","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-50/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts under $100","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-under-100/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Gifts for Grown-Ups","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/adults/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Gifts for Kids","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Ages 1-6","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 1-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-toys-for-1-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 2-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-toys-for-2-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 3-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-3-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 4-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-4-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 5-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-5-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 6-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-6-year-olds/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Ages 7 \u0026 Up","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 7-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-7-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 8-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-8-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 9-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-9-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for 10-year-olds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-toys-gifts-for-10-year-olds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for tweens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-tweens/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for teens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-teens/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Gifts for Kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/kids/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Gifts to Give","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Tech","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Holiday photo cards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-custom-photo-card-service/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Digital photo frames","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant photo printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Turntables \u0026 record players","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-turntable/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Massage guns","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-guns/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"VR headsets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standalone-vr-headset/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Karaoke machines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-karaoke-machines/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"3D pens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-3d-pen/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/games-puzzles/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-we-love/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Two-player board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-two-player-board-games/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Board games for kids \u0026 families","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Card games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-card-games/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"DNA Test Kits","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"DNA testing kits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dna-test/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog DNA tests","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-dna-test/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Everything Else","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Smokeless fire pits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smokeless-fire-pits/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mug warmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mug-warmers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart bird feeders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-bird-feeder/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Disposable cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-disposable-cameras/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Deals","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Deals by retailer","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Apple deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-apple-deals/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Best Buy deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-buy-deals/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Target deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-target-deals/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Walmart deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/best-walmart-deals/"}]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Home \u0026 Garden","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Vacuums, Cleaning, \u0026 Laundry","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Vacuum Cleaners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/appliances/vacuums/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Vacuum cleaners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-cleaner/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Upright vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-upright-canister-vacuums/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cordless vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cordless-stick-vacuum/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Robot vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-vacuum/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Handheld vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-handheld-vacuum/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hardwood floor vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-for-hardwood-floors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vacuums for pet hair","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-for-pet-hair/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Car vacuums","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-car-vacuum/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Mops \u0026 Cleaners","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Robot mops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/testing-robot-vacuum-mop-combos/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wet mops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wet-mop/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable carpet \u0026 upholstery cleaners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-carpet-and-upholstery-cleaner/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Carpet cleaners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-upright-carpet-cleaners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wet/dry vacs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/a-great-shop-vacuum-or-wet-dry-vac/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Brooms, dustpans, \u0026 dust mops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-broom-dustpan-dustmop/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Surface cleaners \u0026 disinfectants","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-purpose-cleaner/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Laundry","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/closet-laundry/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Washers \u0026 dryers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-washer-and-dryer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Compact washers \u0026 dryers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compact-washer-and-dryer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Irons","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-clothes-iron/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ironing boards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ironing-board/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Clothing steamers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-clothing-steamers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laundry detergents","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-laundry-detergent/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stain removers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laundry-stain-remover/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Cleaning","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cleaning/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Bathroom","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Toilet","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Toilets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bidets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bidet-toilet-seat-washlet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toilet papers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-toilet-paper/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toilet brushes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet-brush/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toilet plungers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toilet-plunger/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Squatty potties","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/squatty-potty-review/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Shower","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Shower heads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-head/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Shower curtains","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-curtain/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Shower caddies","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-shower-caddy/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Shower mats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-shower-mat/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bathroom","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bathroom scales","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bathroom-scales/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bath towels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bath-towel/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bath mats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bathroom-rugs-and-bath-mats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Grab bars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-grab-bars/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Bathroom","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/bathroom/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Garden \u0026 Outdoors","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Gardening \u0026 Lawn","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/gardening/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Garden hoses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-garden-hose/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hose nozzles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hose-nozzle/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gardening gloves","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-gardening-gloves/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Garden pruners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-garden-pruners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gifts for gardeners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-gardeners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Lawn mowers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lawnmower/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Robot lawn mowers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-lawn-mower/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Reel mowers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-reel-mower/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sprinklers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-sprinkler/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart sprinkler timers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-sprinkler-controller/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Maintenance","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/garage/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Leaf blowers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-leafblowers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Snow blowers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-snow-blowers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pressure washers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pressure-washer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Chainsaws","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chainsaw/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"String trimmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-string-trimmers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Snow shovels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-snow-shovels/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wet/dry vacs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/a-great-shop-vacuum-or-wet-dry-vac/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Patio","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Patio furniture","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-furniture/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Patio umbrellas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-umbrella-and-stand/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Patio heaters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-patio-heaters/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smokeless fire pits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smokeless-fire-pits/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mosquito repellents for yards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mosquito-control-gear/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Heating, Cooling, \u0026 Air Quality","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Heating","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Space heaters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-space-heaters/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Heat pumps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/heat-pump-buying-guide/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Cooling","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cooling/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Air conditioners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-conditioner/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable air conditioners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-portable-air-conditioner/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ductless air conditioners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-ductless-mini-split-air-conditioner/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Fans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fan/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cordless fans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cordless-fans/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart thermostats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-thermostat/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Air Quality","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Air purifiers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-purifier/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Humidifiers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-humidifier/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dehumidifiers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dehumidifier/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Home air quality monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-air-quality-monitor/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Water Quality","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Water filter pitchers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-filter-pitcher/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Under-sink water filters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-under-sink-water-filter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Faucet-mounted water filters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-faucet-water-filter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Water quality test kits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-quality-test-kit-for-your-home/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Home \u0026 Decor","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Decor","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Area rugs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-area-rugs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Rug pads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rug-pads/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Removable wallpapers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-removable-wallpapers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Throw blankets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-throw-blankets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Essential oil diffusers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-essential-oil-diffusers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Scented candles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-candles/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Window Treatments","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Blackout shades","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blackout-shades/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Blackout curtains","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blackout-curtains/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Furniture","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/furniture/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Sofas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/buying-a-sofa/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Massage chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-chairs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dining tables","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/dining-and-kitchen-tables-we-like-under-1000/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Lighting","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Floor lamps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-floor-lamps-under-300/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Desk lamps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-led-desk-lamp/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bedside lamps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-bedside-lamps-under-200/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Holiday","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Holiday \u0026 Christmas decorations","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-holiday-decorations/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Christmas trees","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-artificial-christmas-tree/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Christmas lights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-christmas-lights/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Modern menorahs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-modern-menorahs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Home","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Home Improvement","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Tools","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/tools/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Drills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-drill-for-common-household-projects/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Multi-tools","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-multitool/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stud finders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stud-finder/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Screwdrivers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-screwdriver/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Basic toolkits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-basic-home-toolkit/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toolboxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toolbox/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ladders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ladders/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Storage \u0026 Organization","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/storage-home-garden/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Storage containers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-storage-containers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Shoe racks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-shoe-rack/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hangers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hangers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Electric","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"LED light bulbs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-led-lightbulb/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Surge protectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surge-protector/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Extension cords","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-extension-cords-for-your-home-and-garage/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Pest Control","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Roach killers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-roach-killers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ant killers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ant-killer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mousetraps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mousetrap/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mosquito repellents for yards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mosquito-control-gear/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wasp \u0026 hornet sprays","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hornet-wasp-spray/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bug-killing gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bug-killing-gear/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Home Security \u0026 Safety","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Security Systems \u0026 Cameras","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Home security systems","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-security-system/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Indoor security cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-home-security-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Outdoor security cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-outdoor-home-security-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Doorbell cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-doorbell-camera/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Locks","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Electronic keypad door locks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electronic-keypad-door-lock/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart locks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-lock/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Door locks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-door-lock/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Safety","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Basic smoke alarms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-basic-smoke-alarm/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart smoke alarms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-smoke-alarm/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Fire extinguishers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fire-extinguisher/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Flashlights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flashlight/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Emergency Preparedness","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/emergency-preparedness/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Emergency preparedness supplies","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/emergency-preparedness/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Emergency weather radios","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-emergency-weather-radio/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable generators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-generator/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Home Security \u0026 Safety","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/safety-home-garden/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Office","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/printers-scanners/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"All-in-one printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-in-one-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Home printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-printers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laser printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laser-printer/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Monitors","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"4K monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-monitors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"27-inch monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-27-inch-monitor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-monitor/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Office Essentials","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Webcams","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-webcams/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Office headsets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-headset-for-the-office/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptop stands","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-stands/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Monitor arms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitor-arms/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Label makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-label-maker/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Document Security","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Paper shredders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-paper-shredders/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Fireproof document safes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fireproof-document-safe/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Stationery","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pen/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Notebooks \u0026 notepads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-notebooks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Planners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-paper-planners/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Office Furniture","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/furniture-office/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Standing desks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standing-desk/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Office chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-office-chair/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ergonomic seat cushions","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ergonomic-seat-cushions/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Office","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Sleep","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/mattresses/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattress/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mattresses for side sleepers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattresses-for-side-sleepers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mattresses for back pain","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/mattresses-for-back-pain/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Memory foam mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-foam-mattresses-you-can-buy-online/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cheap mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-mattress/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hybrid mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hybrid-mattresses/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Innerspring mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-innerspring-mattress/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Air mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-mattress/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mattress toppers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mattress-toppers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bedding","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/sheets-bedding/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Sheets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sheets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cotton sheets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cotton-sheets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Comforters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-comforter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Duvet covers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-duvet-cover/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/pillows/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bed-pillows/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pillows for side sleepers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pillow-for-side-sleepers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Memory foam pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-memory-foam-pillows/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bedroom","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/bedroom/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Modern bed frames","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-modern-bed-frames/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Platform bed frames","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-platform-bed-frames-under-300/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Blankets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blankets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Weighted blankets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-weighted-blankets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"White noise machines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-noise-machine/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Alarm clocks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-alarm-clock/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sunrise alarm clocks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sunrise-alarm-clock/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Sleep","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/","subcategories":[]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Kitchen","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Large Appliances","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Fridges","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Refrigerators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-refrigerator/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"French door refrigerators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-french-door-refrigerators/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Side-by-side refrigerators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-side-by-side-refrigerators/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Garage refrigerators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-garage-refrigerator/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Counter-depth refrigerators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-counter-depth-refrigerator/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wine coolers \u0026 fridges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-fridges/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Freezers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Upright freezers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-freezer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Chest freezers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chest-freezers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Stoves, Ranges, \u0026 Ovens","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric stoves \u0026 ranges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-and-gas-ranges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gas stoves \u0026 ranges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gas-ranges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Slide-in electric ranges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slide-in-electric-ranges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Slide-in gas ranges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slide-in-gas-ranges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"High-end ranges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-high-end-ranges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Induction cooktops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-induction-cooktop/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wall ovens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wall-ovens/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Dishwashers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Dishwashers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-dishwasher/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Large Appliances","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/large-appliances/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Small Appliances","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Small Appliances","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Microwaves","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-microwave/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Food processors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-food-processor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toasters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toaster/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric kettles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-kettle/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable induction cooktops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-induction-cooktop/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mini fridges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-fridge/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Countertop ice makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-ice-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stand mixers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stand-mixer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Juicers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-juicer/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Blenders","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Blenders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blender/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Personal blenders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-personal-blender/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Immersion blenders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-immersion-blender/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Specialty","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Ice cream makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Soda makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soda-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Waffle makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-waffle-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pizza ovens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pizza-oven/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Air Fryers \u0026 Toaster Ovens","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Air fryers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-fryer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Air fryer toaster ovens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-air-fryer-toaster-oven/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toaster ovens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-toaster-oven/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Cookers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Rice cookers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-rice-cooker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pressure cookers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-pressure-cooker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Slow cookers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slow-cooker/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Small Appliances","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/appliances/small/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Cooking \u0026 Baking","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Cookware \u0026 Bakeware","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Nonstick pans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nonstick-pan/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cookware sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cookware-set/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stainless steel pans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-skillet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cast iron skillets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cast-iron-skillet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dutch ovens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dutch-oven/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Woks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-woks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Induction cookware","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-induction-cookware/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pizza stones \u0026 baking steels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pizza-stone-and-baking-steel/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baking sheets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cookie-sheet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mixing bowls","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mixing-bowls/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Tools","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/tools-kitchen-dining/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Meat thermometers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-instant-read-thermometer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cutting boards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cutting-board/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kitchen scales","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kitchen-scale/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Oven mitts \u0026 pot holders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-oven-mitts-and-pot-holders/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vacuum sealers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vacuum-sealer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pepper mills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pepper-mill/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Spatulas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-spatula/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Knives","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Chef's knives","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-chefs-knife-for-most-cooks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Knife sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-knife-set/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Steak knife sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-steak-knife-set/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Serrated bread knives","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-serrated-knife/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Paring knives","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-paring-knife/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Knife sharpeners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-knife-sharpening-tool/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Cooking \u0026 Baking","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Coffee \u0026 Tea","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Coffee Makers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Coffee makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-coffee-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drip coffee makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drip-coffee-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Single-serve coffee makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-single-serve-coffee-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cheap coffee makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-coffee-maker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cold-brew coffee makers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cold-brew-coffee-maker/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Espresso Machines","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Espresso machines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-espresso-machine-grinder-and-accessories-for-beginners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Nespresso machines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nespresso-machine/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Coffee Gear","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Coffee grinders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-coffee-grinder/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"French presses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-french-press/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pour-over coffee gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gear-for-making-great-coffee/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Milk frothers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-milk-frothers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Tea","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric kettles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-kettle/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Teas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-teas/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Coffee \u0026 Tea","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/coffee/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Food \u0026 Drinks","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Pantry","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Olive oils","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-olive-oil/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant noodles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/blog/best-instant-noodles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Canned tomatoes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-canned-tomatoes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Peanut butters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-creamy-peanut-butter/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Refrigerator","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"American cheeses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-american-cheese/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ketchups","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ketchup/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Butters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-butter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vegan butters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vegan-butter/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Freezer","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Ice cream sandwiches","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-sandwiches/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vegan ice creams","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vegan-ice-cream/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vanilla ice creams","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vanilla-ice-cream/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Frozen pizzas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-frozen-pizzas/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Drinks","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Blanco tequilas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blanco-tequilas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Vodkas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vodka/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gins","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gins/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hard seltzers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hard-seltzers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Nonalcoholic drinks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-non-alcoholic-drinks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Nonalcoholic wines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nonalcoholic-wines/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wine clubs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-clubs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Food \u0026 Drinks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/food/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Dining, Entertaining, \u0026 Grilling","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Tableware","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Flatware","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flatware/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dinnerware sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dinnerware-set/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Steak knife sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-steak-knife-set/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drinking glasses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drinking-glass/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Napkins \u0026 tablecloths","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-napkins-and-tablecloth/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Tapered candles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-tapered-candles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Outdoor dinnerware","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-dishes-for-outdoors/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Wine \u0026 Bar","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/wine-bar/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Wine glasses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-glass/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Corkscrews","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-corkscrew/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wine coolers \u0026 fridges","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wine-fridges/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cocktail barware","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-barware-for-making-cocktails-at-home/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Dining Tables \u0026 Seating","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Dining tables","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/dining-and-kitchen-tables-we-like-under-1000/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Folding tables","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-tables/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Folding chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-chairs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Patio furniture","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-patio-furniture/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Grilling","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gas grills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gas-grill/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Charcoal grills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-charcoal-grill/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pellet smoker grills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pellet-grill/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable grills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-grills/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Grill tools \u0026 accessories","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-grill-tools/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Dining \u0026 Entertaining","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/entertaining/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Supplies","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Storage","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/storage/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Food storage containers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-food-storage-containers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dry food storage containers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dry-food-storage-containers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Lunch boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lunch-boxes/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Cleaning","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/cleaning/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Dish racks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dish-rack/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kitchen towels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kitchen-towels/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dish soaps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dish-soap/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dishwasher detergents","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dishwasher-detergent/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Waste","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kitchen trash cans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trash-can/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Compost bins","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compost-bins/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Food recyclers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/"}]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Health \u0026 Lifestyle","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Fitness","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Exercise","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/exercise/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Treadmills","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-treadmill/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Exercise bikes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-exercise-bikes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Adjustable dumbbells","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-adjustable-dumbbells/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Yoga mats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-yoga-mats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pull-up bars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pull-up-bars/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Resistance bands","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-resistance-bands/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Massage guns","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-massage-guns/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gym bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gym-bag/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Running headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Workout headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-workout-headphones/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Trackers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/wearables/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Fitness trackers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-fitness-trackers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"GPS running watches","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-watch/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bikes \u0026 Scooters","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Hybrid bikes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hybrid-commuter-bike/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric scooters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-scooter/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Biking Gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/cycling/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike helmets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-helmet-for-commuters/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike lights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-commuter-bike-lights/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike locks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-lock/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike phone mounts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-phone-mount/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Rear bike racks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rear-bike-rack/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike pumps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-pump/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bike storage ideas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-racks-for-small-homes-and-apartments/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Car bike racks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bike-rack-for-cars/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Fitness","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Health","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Medical","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/medical-supplies/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Blood pressure monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blood-pressure-monitors-for-home-use/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Thermometers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-thermometer-for-kids-and-adults/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Heating pads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-heating-pad/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pill boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pill-boxes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Multivitamins","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-multivitamins/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Compression socks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compression-socks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Over-the-counter hearing aids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-over-the-counter-hearing-aids/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Mental Health","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Meditation apps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-meditation-apps/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Light therapy lamps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-light-therapy-lamp/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Accessibility \u0026 Aging","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/accessibility/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Walkers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-walkers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Medical alert systems","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-medical-alert-systems/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Adult diapers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-adult-diapers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Health","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Personal Care","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Grooming","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric razors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-razor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Beard trimmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beard-trimmer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pubic hair trimmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pubic-hair-trimmer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hair clippers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hair-clippers-for-home-use/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Beauty \u0026 Hair","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Lip balms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lip-balm/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mascaras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mascara/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hair dryers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hair-dryer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drugstore makeup","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drugstore-makeup-skincare/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Makeup brushes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-makeup-brushes/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Sunscreen","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Sunscreens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sunscreen/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Face sunscreens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-face-sunscreens/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Menstruation","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Period underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/thinx-period-panties/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Menstrual cups \u0026 discs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-menstrual-cup/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Hydration","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Water bottles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-bottle/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel mugs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-mug/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Dental","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric toothbrushes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-toothbrush/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Water flossers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-flossers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Adult \u0026 Sex","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/adult/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Vibrators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vibrators/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Condoms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-condoms/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Lube","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-personal-lubricants/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable vaporizers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-vaporizer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cannabis grinders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cannabis-grinder/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Personal Care","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/personal-care/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Outdoors","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Outdoors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bug repellents","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bug-repellent/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Coolers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hard-cooler/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Umbrellas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Binoculars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-binoculars/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ski goggles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ski-and-snowboard-goggles/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Apparel","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/apparel/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Rain jackets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-rain-jacket/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Down jackets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-jacket/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"UPF clothing","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sun-protection-clothing/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Camping","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/camping/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Camping tents","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tent-for-family-and-car-camping/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleeping bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleeping-bag-for-car-camping/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleeping pads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleeping-pads-for-backpacking-and-car-camping/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Camping chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-outdoor-chairs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Hiking","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/hiking/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Hiking boots","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-boots/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hiking socks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-socks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Trekking poles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trekking-poles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Filtered water bottles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-filtered-water-bottles/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Beach","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/swim/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Beach umbrellas \u0026 shades","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-umbrella-is-not-an-umbrella/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Beach bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-bag/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Beach towels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-beach-towel/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Safety","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable generators","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-generator/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pocket knives","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pocket-knife/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Headlamps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-headlamp/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hand warmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-hand-warmer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Flashlights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-flashlight/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Travel","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Luggage","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Checked luggage","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-checked-luggage/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Duffle bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-duffle-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Carry-on luggage","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-carry-on-luggage/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Carry-on travel backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-carry-on-travel-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-backpack/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Underseat luggage \u0026 personal-item bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/best-personal-item-carry-ons/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Packing","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Toiletry bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toiletry-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Packing cubes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-packing-cubes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Packable daypacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-packable-daypack-for-travel/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/gear-travel/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/travel-guide/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-pillow/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleep masks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-mask/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Plug adapters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-plug-adapter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Luggage tags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-luggage-tags/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Travel","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Hobbies","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Hobbies","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pickleball paddles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pickleball-paddles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"DNA testing kits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dna-test/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Telescopes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-telescopes-for-beginners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Reading lights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-reading-light/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric scooters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-scooter/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Music \u0026 Instruments","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/music/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Beginner digital pianos","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-budget-digital-piano-for-beginners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Beginner ukuleles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ukulele-for-beginners/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Art \u0026 Design","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"3D printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-3d-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"3D pens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-3d-pen/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Drawing tablets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-drawing-tablets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sewing machines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sewing-machine/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Colored pencils","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-colored-pencils/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Soldering irons","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soldering-irons/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Photo","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Photo printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-inkjet-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant photo printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Online photo printing services","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-photo-printing/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Photo book services","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-book-service/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Digital photo frames","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Cameras","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mirrorless cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mirrorless-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Point-and-shoot cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-point-and-shoot-camera/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Games \u0026 Puzzles","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Board \u0026 Card Games","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-we-love/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Two-player board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-two-player-board-games/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Beginner board games for adults","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-adults/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Strategy board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-strategy-board-games/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Card games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-card-games/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Video Gaming","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/gaming/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming consoles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-game-consoles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Handheld gaming consoles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-handheld-gaming-consoles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"VR headsets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-standalone-vr-headset/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming laptops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-budget-gaming-laptop-so-far/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming mice","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wired-wireless-gaming-mouse/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gaming-monitor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-gaming-chairs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Lego","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Lego sets for adults","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/our-favorite-lego-sets-for-adults/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Lego sets for kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lego-sets-for-kids/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Puzzles","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Speed cubes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-speed-cubes/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Games \u0026 Puzzles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/games-puzzles/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Pets","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Dogs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/dogs/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog leashes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-dog-leash/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog harnesses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-harness/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog beds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-beds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog crates","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-crate/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog DNA tests","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-dna-test/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog nail grinders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dog-nail-grinders/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dog jackets \u0026 raincoats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-winter-jackets-and-raincoats-for-dogs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Cats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/cats/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Cat litters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Litter boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter-boxes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Automatic cat litter boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-automatic-cat-litter-box-but-we-dont-recommend-it/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cat litter mats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-litter-mat/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cat scratchers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-scratchers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cat beds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cat-beds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"New cat checklist","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/new-cat-checklist/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Home","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pet cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pet-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Water fountains","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-fountain-for-cats-and-dogs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Automatic feeders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-automatic-feeder-for-cats-and-small-dogs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Pets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/","subcategories":[]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Tech","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Electronics \u0026 Networking","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Networking","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/networking/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Wi-Fi mesh-networking kits","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-mesh-networking-kits/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Routers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-router/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Modems","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cable-modem/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wi-Fi extenders","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-extender/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Digital Storage","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/storage-devices/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"External hard drives","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-external-hard-drives/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"NAS devices","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-network-attached-storage/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"External SSDs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-ssd/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Batteries \u0026 Charging","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/batteries/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable chargers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-battery-packs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Lightning cables","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lightning-cable/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable power stations","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-power-stations/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Rechargeable batteries","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rechargeable-batteries/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Uninterruptible power supplies","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-uninterruptible-power-supply-ups/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Surge protectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surge-protector/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Extension cords","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-extension-cords-for-your-home-and-garage/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Electric vehicle chargers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-vehicle-chargers-for-home/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Wireless Charging","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Wireless chargers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-qi-wireless-charger-for-iphone-and-android-phones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Apple charging stations","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-apple-wireless-charging-pads/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"USB-C","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/usb-c/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"USB phone chargers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-multiport-usb-wall-charger/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"USB-C cables \u0026 adapters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-cables/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"USB-C laptop chargers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-macbook-and-laptop-chargers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"USB-C hubs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-c-hubs-and-docks/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Electronics","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Phones, Tablets, \u0026 Smartwatches","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Phones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/smartphones/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Android phones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-phone/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Budget Android phones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-budget-android-phone/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPhones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-iphone-is-our-favorite-smartphone/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPhone cases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-cases/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPhone 16 cases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-16-case/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPhone screen protectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-iphone-x-screen-protectors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cell phones for older adults","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cell-phones-for-older-adults/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Car phone mounts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartphone-car-mount/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cell phone plans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-carrier/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Tablets","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Tablets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tablets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Android tablets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-tablet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-ipad-is-the-best-tablet/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPad keyboard cases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-keyboard-case/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPad Pro keyboard cases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-pro-keyboard-cases/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPad Pro cases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-pro-cases/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"iPad styluses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ipad-stylus/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"E-readers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"E-readers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/amazon-kindle-is-the-best-ebook-reader/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Smartwatches","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"For Android phones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-android/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"For iPhones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-iphone/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Computers","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Laptops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/laptops/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptops/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Chromebooks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-chromebook/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"MacBooks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-macbooks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Business laptops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-business-laptops/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptops for college students","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptops-for-college-students/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptops under $500","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-under-500/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Computers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/computers/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"All-in-one computers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-all-in-one-computer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mini desktop PCs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-desktop-pcs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Monitors","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-monitors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"4k monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-monitors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"24-inch monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-24-inch-monitor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"27-inch monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-27-inch-monitor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ultrawide monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ultrawide-monitors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-portable-monitor/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Accessories","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/accessories/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Wireless mice","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-mouse/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Security keys","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-security-keys/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Keyboards","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Keyboards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-keyboards/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wireless keyboards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-bluetooth-keyboard/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mechanical keyboards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-mechanical-keyboards/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ergonomic keyboards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/comfortable-ergo-keyboard/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming keyboards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-keyboards-for-gaming/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Software","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/software/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Password managers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-password-managers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"VPNs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-vpn-service/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Free VPNs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-free-vpn/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Audio","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Speakers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bluetooth speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-bluetooth-speaker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable bluetooth speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bluetooth-speaker/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bookshelf speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bookshelf-speakers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Computer speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-computer-speakers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Outdoor speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-speakers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Multiroom wireless speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/sonos-player/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Surround sound systems","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-surround-sound-system/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Soundbars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soundbar/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-speakers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/headphones/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Over-ear headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-over-ear-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Noise-cancelling headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-noise-cancelling-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wireless headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bluetooth-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleep headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-headphones/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Earbuds","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Wireless earbuds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-earbuds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wired earbuds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-200-in-ear-headphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Workout earbuds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-workout-headphones/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Home Audio","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Turntables \u0026 record players","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-turntable/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"AV receivers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-receiver/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stereo amps \u0026 receivers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mini-stereo-amplifier/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"USB audio interfaces","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-usb-audio-interface/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Music streamers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-music-streamer/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Audio","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/audio/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Video","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/tvs/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"OLED TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-oled-tv/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"4K TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-tv/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"LCD/LED TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lcd-led-tv/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"32-inch TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-small-tv/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"40- to 49-inch TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-40-to-49-inch-tvs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"TV wall mounts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv-wall-mount/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Gaming TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tv-for-video-games/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Home Theater","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/home-theater/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Streaming devices","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-media-streamers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"4K Blu-ray players","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-4k-blu-ray-player/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"HDMI video transmitters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-wireless-hdmi-video-transmitter/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"HDTV antennas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-indoor-hdtv-antenna/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Soundbars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-soundbar/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/projectors/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-projectors/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Portable mini projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pico-projector/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Budget projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-projector/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Projector screens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-projector-screen/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Outdoor projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-outdoor-projector/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Cameras \u0026 Photo","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/cameras/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mirrorless cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mirrorless-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Point-and-shoot cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-point-and-shoot-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dash cams","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dash-cam/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Camera Accessories","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/camera-accessories/","subcategories":[]},{"categoryTitle":"Smartphone Photography","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"iPhone photo lenses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lenses-for-iphone/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smartphone tripods","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tripod-for-iphones-smartphones/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smartphone gimbals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-android-and-iphone-gimbal/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Photo","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Holiday photo cards","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-custom-photo-card-service/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Photo printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-inkjet-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Instant photo printers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-instant-photo-printer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Online photo printing services","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-photo-printing/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Photo book services","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-photo-book-service/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Digital photo frames","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-digital-photo-frame/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Smart Home","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Indoor","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Plug-in smart outlets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-switch/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart thermostats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-thermostat/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart window shades \u0026 blinds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-blinds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart LED light bulbs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-led-light-bulbs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"In-wall smart light switches \u0026 dimmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-in-wall-wireless-light-switch-and-dimmer/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart water-leak detectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-leak-detector/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart smoke alarms","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-smoke-alarm/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart locks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-smart-lock/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart speakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-speakers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Outdoor","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart outdoor lighting","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-outdoor-lighting-for-backyards-pathways-and-more/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart sprinkler timers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-sprinkler-controller/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart garage door openers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-garage-door-controller/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Security Systems \u0026 Cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/safety-home-garden/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Home security systems","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-home-security-system/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Outdoor security cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wireless-outdoor-home-security-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Indoor security cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wi-fi-home-security-camera/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smart doorbell cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-doorbell-camera/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Smart Home","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/smart-home/","subcategories":[]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Baby \u0026 Kid","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Pregnancy \u0026 Nursing","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Pregnancy","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pregnancy tests","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pregnancy-test/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Body pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-body-pillow/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Nursing \u0026 Pumping","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Breast pumps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-breast-pumps/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Wearable breast pumps","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-wearable-breast-pumps/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pumping bras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pumping-bra/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Nursing bras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nursing-bras/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Nursing pillows","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-nursing-pillows/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bottles \u0026 Formula","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby bottles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bottles-and-bottle-brush/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bottle warmers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bottle-warmers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby formulas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-formula/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Pregnancy \u0026 Nursing","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/pregnancy-nursing/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Baby","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Sleep","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bassinets \u0026 co-sleepers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-co-sleepers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cribs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cribs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Crib mattresses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-crib-mattresses/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby monitors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-monitor/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby swaddles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-swaddles/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Carry","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby carriers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-carriers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby wraps \u0026 slings","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-wraps-and-slings/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Diapering \u0026 Bath","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Diapers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diapers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cloth diapers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cloth-diapers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Diaper pails","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diaper-pail/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Diaper bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-diaper-bag/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby bathtubs \u0026 bath seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bathtubs-and-bath-seats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby care essentials","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/baby-care-essentials/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Home Safety","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/safety/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby-proofing tools","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-baby-proofing-tools/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby gates","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-gate/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Car Seats","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Infant car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-infant-car-seat/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Convertible car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-convertible-car-seats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-car-seats/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Seats","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby bouncers \u0026 rockers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-bouncers-and-rockers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Baby swings","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-baby-swings/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"High chairs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-high-chairs/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Baby","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/baby/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Clothing \u0026 Health","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Clothing","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids pajamas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-pajamas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-underwear/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids beachwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-beachwear/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Health","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids electric toothbrushes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-electric-toothbrush-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Thermometers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-thermometer-for-kids-and-adults/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"School \u0026 Tech","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/backpacks/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpacks-for-elementary-school-students/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"High school \u0026 college backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpack-for-high-school-and-college/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Lunch \u0026 Hydration","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids lunch boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-lunch-boxes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids water bottles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-water-bottles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Food thermoses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-food-thermos/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"School Supplies","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Pencils for schoolwork","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-pencils/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Mechanical pencils","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mechanical-pencils/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pens","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-pen/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Notebooks \u0026 notepads","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-notebooks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Planners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-paper-planners/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids labels","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-labels-for-kids-lunch-boxes-and-clothing/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Tech","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"First phones for kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartphone-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Smartwatches for kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smartwatch-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Apps for managing kids' phones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-apps-to-manage-your-kids-phone/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids tablets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tablet-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-headphones/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All School","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/school/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Toys","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Indoor Toys","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Lego sets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-lego-sets-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Dolls","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-dolls/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids board games","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/board-games-for-kids/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Bath toys","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bath-toys/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Toy subscription boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-toy-subscription-boxes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Craft subscription boxes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-craft-subscription-boxes/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Outdoor Toys","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Scooters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-scooters/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Balance bikes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-balance-bike/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"First pedal bikes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-first-pedal-bike/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids bike helmets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-bike-helmets/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Tricycles","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-tricycles/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Collapsible folding wagons","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-wagons/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleds","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleds/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Trampolines","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-trampoline/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Toys","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/toys/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Travel","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Car Seats","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Infant car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-infant-car-seat/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Convertible car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-convertible-car-seats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-car-seats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Booster car seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-booster-car-seats/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Strollers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Strollers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-strollers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Double strollers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-double-strollers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Jogging strollers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-jogging-strollers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Travel strollers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-travel-strollers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Umbrella strollers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella-strollers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Wagons","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Collapsible folding wagons","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-folding-wagons/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Stroller wagons","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-stroller-wagons/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Travel","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids bike seats","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-bike-seats/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids travel gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/gear-for-traveling-with-babies-and-kids/"}]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Style","url":null,"secondaryTitles":[{"secondaryTitle":"Apparel","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Tops","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Men's button-up shirts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-button-up-shirts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Men's white t-shirts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-t-shirts-for-men/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Women's white t-shirts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-white-t-shirts/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Cashmere sweaters","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cashmere-sweaters/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Thermal underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-base-layers-and-thermal-underwear/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Pants","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Men's jeans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-jeans-for-men/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Women's jeans","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-jeans/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Leggings","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-leggings/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Rain pants","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rain-pants/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Jackets","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Rain jackets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-everyday-rain-jacket/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Down jackets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-jacket/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Insulated vests","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-insulated-vest/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Kids","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids pajamas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-kids-pajamas/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-kids-underwear/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"All Style","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/style/","subcategories":[]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Underwear \u0026 Sleep","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Underwear","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Bras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-bra-brands/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Women's underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-womens-underwear/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Period underwear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/thinx-period-panties/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Boxer briefs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-mens-underwear/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Sleep","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Robes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Pajamas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-pajamas-for-women-and-men/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Slippers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slippers/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Sleep masks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sleep-mask/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Shoes","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Boots","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Winter boots","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-winter-boots-for-men-and-women/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Rain boots","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-rain-boots/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hiking boots","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-boots/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Sneakers","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Running shoes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-running-shoes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"White sneakers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-white-sneakers/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Seasonal","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Sandals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-sandals/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Water shoes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-water-shoes/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Ice cleats for shoes","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cleats/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Socks","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Compression socks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-compression-socks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hiking socks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-hiking-socks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"No-show socks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-no-show-socks-2/"}]}]},{"secondaryTitle":"Bags \u0026 Accessories","categories":[{"categoryTitle":"Bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/bags/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Tote bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-tote-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptop tote bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-laptop-tote-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Messenger bags","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-messenger-bags/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Fanny packs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-fanny-packs/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Briefcases","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-briefcases/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/backpacks/","subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Laptop backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-laptop-backpacks/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"High school \u0026 college backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpack-for-high-school-and-college/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Kids backpacks","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-school-backpacks-for-elementary-school-students/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Bag Accessories","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Slim wallets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-slim-wallet/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Accessories","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Umbrellas","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-umbrella/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Black tights","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-black-tights/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Winter gloves","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-touchscreen-gloves/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Hair ties \u0026 clips","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/our-favorite-hair-ties-scrunchies-clips/"}]},{"categoryTitle":"Glasses","url":null,"subcategories":[{"subcategoryTitle":"Cheap sunglasses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-cheap-sunglasses/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Blue-light blocking glasses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-blue-light-blocking-glasses/"},{"subcategoryTitle":"Online prescription glasses","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-places-to-buy-glasses-online/"}]}]}],"categories":[]},{"primaryTitle":"Deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/","secondaryTitles":[],"categories":[]}]},{"name":"slc_navigation_sticky","items":[{"title":"Deals","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/deals/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Tech","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/","subItems":[{"title":"Accessories","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/accessories/"},{"title":"Audio","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/audio/"},{"title":"Batteries and Charging","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/batteries/"},{"title":"Cameras","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/cameras/"},{"title":"Camera Accessories","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/camera-accessories/"},{"title":"Computers","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/computers/"},{"title":"Exercise","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/exercise/"},{"title":"Gaming","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/gaming/"},{"title":"Headphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/headphones/"},{"title":"Home Theater","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/home-theater/"},{"title":"Laptops","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/laptops/"},{"title":"Networking","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/networking/"},{"title":"Printers \u0026 Scanners","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/printers-scanners/"},{"title":"Projectors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/projectors/"},{"title":"Smart Home Devices","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/smart-home/"},{"title":"Smartphones","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/smartphones/"},{"title":"Storage","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/storage-devices/"},{"title":"Tablets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/tablets/"},{"title":"TVs","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/tvs/"},{"title":"USB-C","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/electronics/usb-c/"}]},{"title":"Home \u0026 Garden","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/home-garden/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Sleep","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/sleep/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Kitchen","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/kitchen-dining/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Appliances","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/appliances/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Gifts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/","subItems":[{"title":"Gifts for Babies \u0026 Kids","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/kids/"},{"title":"Gifts for Grown-Ups","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/adults/"},{"title":"Gifts for Mom","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-mom/"},{"title":"Gifts for Dad","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-gifts-for-dad/"},{"title":"Valentine's Day Gifts for Him","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/valentines-day-gifts-for-him/"},{"title":"Valentine's Day Gifts for Her","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/valentines-day-gifts-for-her/"},{"title":"Boxed Chocolates","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/gifts/best-boxed-chocolates/"},{"title":"Flower Delivery","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-online-flower-delivery/"}]},{"title":"Travel","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/travel/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Health \u0026 Fitness","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/health-fitness/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Baby \u0026 Kid","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/baby-kid/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Outdoors","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/outdoors/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Pets","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/pets/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Hobby \u0026 Crafts","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/hobby-crafts/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Software","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/software/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Office","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/office/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Money","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Cars","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/cars/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Adult","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/adult/","subItems":[]},{"title":"Sustainability","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/","subItems":[{"title":"How to maintain and clean your stuff","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-clean/"},{"title":"How to reduce food waste","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-reduce-food-waste/"},{"title":"How to smartly buy used gear","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-buy-used-stuff/"},{"title":"How to get rid of your old stuff responsibly","url":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/climate-forward/how-to-get-rid-of-old-stuff/"}]}]}],"pageProps":{"isPreview":false,"post":{"id":418541,"guid":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/?post_type=review\u0026p=418541","type":"review","name":"countertop-composter-food-recyclers","title":"At-Home Food Recyclers Are Often Billed as Eco-Saviors. We Don’t Buy It.","link":"/reviews/countertop-composter-food-recyclers/","publishedLocalISO":"2024-10-31","publishedLocalDisplay":"October 31, 2024","publishedLocalDateTime":"October 31, 2024 at 12:00 a.m. ET","modifiedDateISO":"2024-11-01T11:06:34.000-04:00","metaTitle":"We Tested 6 Countertop Composters. None Are Worth Buying.","metaDescription":"We tested and analyzed the output of six food recycler machines against their environmental claims.","updatedLocalISO":"2024-10-31","updatedLocalDisplay":"October 31, 2024","heroImage":{"caption":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter","source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-2x1-1.jpg","productionCDN":true,"alt":"A couple composting machines on a kitchen counter surrounded by an assortment of food waste in bowls and cans.","highQuality":false},"authors":[{"id":"277478","displayName":"Sabine Heinlein","slug":"sabine-heinlein","jobTitle":null,"enableAuthorPage":true,"description":"Sabine Heinlein is a writer covering floor care. Keeping her multi-pet home clean is one of her more acceptable obsessions.","bio":"[{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"p\",\"attribs\":{},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"span\",\"attribs\":{\"style\":\"color: #1f1f1f;font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, 'system-ui', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;font-size: 13px\"},\"children\":[{\"data\":\"I’m a senior staff writer on Wirecutter’s home appliance team, where I cover all kinds of vacuum cleaners. I’ve also ventured into the wild world of bunny care, vacuum cleaner enthusiasts, and basement flood prevention. Keeping my two-cat, two-rabbit home clean is one of my more acceptable obsessions.\",\"type\":\"text\"}]}]},{\"data\":\"\\n\",\"type\":\"text\"}]","email":null,"instagram":null,"twitter":null,"linkedIn":null,"authorImage":{"source":"wp-content/media/2022/10/IMG_0600.jpeg","productionCDN":true,"alt":""}}],"previewImages":[{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05720-3x2-1.jpg","productionCDN":true,"alt":"A couple composting machines on a kitchen counter surrounded by an assortment of food waste in bowls and cans."},{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg","productionCDN":true,"alt":"A pile of light colored grounds spilled on the base of a tree."},{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg","productionCDN":true,"alt":"A graphic describing what happened on days 1, 3, and 9 on bioassay testing."},{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg","productionCDN":true,"alt":"Composted grounds."}],"fromSweethome":false,"hideFromTerms":["related_content_display"],"commentStatus":"open","update":null,"badgeStatus":null,"canonicalLink":null,"collection":null,"reviewType":"re","structuredIntro":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418390","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418390","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg","alt":"A graphic of a green rainforest with animals next to text describing Reencle's goal to help consumers fight poverty through tree planting and avoid methane emissions through composting.","width":"2048","height":"1150"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-8.jpg"}},{"data":" Some food-recycler companies make ambitious claims (at times with arbitrary capitalization).","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Reencle"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I spent six months testing six different food recyclers, including the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Lomi"},"children":[{"data":"Lomi 2","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"Airthereal Revive Electric Kitchen Composter","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Mill"},"children":[{"data":"Mill Food Recycler","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Reencle"},"children":[{"data":"Reencle Home Composter","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler FC-50","type":"text"}]},{"data":", and its larger cousin, the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65876/208588/4/200026/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler Eco 5","type":"text"}]},{"data":". I also sent my “compost” to an agricultural lab for testing and conducted a plant germination and growth test in my basement. I spoke with numerous experts, and I even ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"started a worm farm","type":"text"}]},{"data":" in my apartment, to compare the effort and output with those of my devices.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Here’s what I learned about these machines:","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"ul","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"li","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Some of their environmental claims are overblown or dubious.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"li","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"They produce not compost but dehydrated food scraps, which are easy to store and can be added to your compost pile.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"li","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"If you spread the output outside, it might attract unwanted critters.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"li","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Your plants may suffer (or die) if you use it as a fertilizer, even when following company-provided preparation instructions. (But chickens may like it!)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"li","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"If you want to be green, you’re better off ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/"},"children":[{"data":"wasting less food","type":"text"}]},{"data":", starting a backyard compost, or looking for ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://ilsr.org/composting/map/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"composting options","type":"text"}]},{"data":" in your area.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When presented with the results of our extensive testing, some of these food-recycler companies half-conceded some of the points. Others adamantly disagreed with our conclusions. You can see their responses in detail in the sections on ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"#lab-analysis-results"},"children":[{"data":"Lab analysis results","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"#the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer"},"children":[{"data":"The stuff makes lousy fertilizer","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"#bioassay-test-results"},"children":[{"data":"Bioassay test results","type":"text"}]},{"data":", and ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"#does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment"},"children":[{"data":"Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?","type":"text"}]}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"structuredIntroCallouts":null,"structuredLede":[{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Turning your everyday food scraps into garden gold is an appealing concept: Spend between $180 and $1,000, plug in your food recycler, dump in your leftovers, and press a button. Voilà, you’ve got compost—or fertilizer—for your garden.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Look at you, doing your part for a greener and better world!","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"If only it were that simple.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"These food recyclers—often referred to as countertop composters—don’t actually produce compost. Yet the companies behind these machines have some awfully big marketing boasts. “Be an Eco-Warrior With the Push of a Button,” crows ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://foodcycler.com/pages/features","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler","type":"text"}]},{"data":". “Fight Extreme Poverty Through Tree Planting And avoid methane emissions through composting with Reencle!” ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://reencle.co/blogs/news/fight-extreme-poverty-through-tree-planting","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"this company gushes","type":"text"}]},{"data":" in an unconventionally capitalized marketing statement.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"updatedLocalDateTime":"October 31, 2024 at 12:18 p.m. ET","chapters":[{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418389","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418389","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg","alt":"From left to right, food-recycler machines from Mill, Reencle, and Lomi.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05775.jpg"}},{"data":" From left to right, food-recycler machines from Mill, Reencle, and Lomi.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Food waste makes up nearly ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"a quarter","type":"text"}]},{"data":" of all solid municipal waste in the US. The Environmental Protection Agency ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"estimates","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that Americans waste over 66 million tons of food per year, more than half of which ends up in ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/climate/landfills-methane-emissions.html"},"children":[{"data":"landfills","type":"text"}]},{"data":". A whopping 40% of this is from food we throw away at home, while the remainder comes from restaurants, institutions, supermarkets, and so forth.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"In landfills, rotting food emits more greenhouse gasses than all other landfilled materials combined.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"So it’s no wonder that climate-anxious consumers have been won over by food recyclers. Take, for example, Vanessa Johnson, the web developer who invested in a Lomi—one of the most recognizable electric food recyclers on the market—after a worm-composting experiment in her Miami high-rise apartment had gone awry.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"“I was trying to focus on being better with renewable stuff and being better for the environment,” Johnson told me. “We only take out the trash now once a week—if that—because there’s no food going into our trash can anymore.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Thanks to the Lomi, which grinds and dehydrates food scraps, Johnson’s trash can is now odorless, and the flies have packed their bags.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"But some companies also say that food waste, after it’s processed in their machines, can be used as compost or fertilizer, or even as ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"chicken feed","type":"text"}]},{"data":" (in the case of Mill).","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"And while the reduction in trash volume and trash stench is real, the direct environmental benefits of these devices are questionable.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"Food waste makes up nearly a quarter of all solid municipal waste in the US. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that Americans waste over 66 million tons of food per year, more than half of which ends up in landfills. A whopping 40% of this is from food we throw away at home, while the remainder comes from restaurants, institutions, supermarkets, and so forth. In landfills, rotting food emits more greenhouse gasses than all other landfilled materials combined. So it’s no wonder that climate-anxious consumers have been won over by food recyclers. Take, for example, Vanessa Johnson, the web developer who invested in a Lomi—one of the most recognizable electric food recyclers on the market—after a worm-composting experiment in her Miami high-rise apartment had gone awry. “I was trying to focus on being better with renewable stuff and being better for the environment,” Johnson told me. “We only take out the trash now once a week—if that—because there’s no food going into our trash can anymore.” Thanks to the Lomi, which grinds and dehydrates food scraps, Johnson’s trash can is now odorless, and the flies have packed their bags. But some companies also say that food waste, after it’s processed in their machines, can be used as compost or fertilizer, or even as chicken feed (in the case of Mill). And while the reduction in trash volume and trash stench is real, the direct environmental benefits of these devices are questionable.","title":"The promise of food recyclers","slug":"the-promise-of-food-recyclers","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418387","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"alignnone size-full wp-image-418387","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg","alt":"The Lomi 2 opened with food scraps inside.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05755.jpg"}},{"data":" ","type":"text"},{"data":" ","type":"comment"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"At first sight, most food recyclers are reminiscent of ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-ice-cream-maker/"},"children":[{"data":"an ice cream maker","type":"text"}]},{"data":": an outer shell with controls, a lid, and a removable “bucket” with one or two blades that grind up food scraps. An internal heating mechanism dehydrates the scraps until their volume is reduced by up to 90%, which, depending on the model, takes between ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"three hours","type":"text"}]},{"data":" and ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"several weeks","type":"text"}]},{"data":".","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418386","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418386","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg","alt":"The inside of an empty, but dirty food recycler and several of its blades nearby.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05746.jpg"}},{"data":" Food recyclers use blades to process scraps. Most blades are built into removable basins, except for Reencle’s, pictured at top center.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Most models simply dehydrate and grind. But the Lomi provides microbial tablets, and the Reencle includes sawdust inoculated with microbes, both of which promise to speed up the decomposition process. Some machines can break down bones as well as dairy, and the Lomi claims to process even ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/is-bioplastic-and-biodegradable-plastic-compostable","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"bioplastics","type":"text"}]},{"data":".","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"The machines weigh between 17 and 50 pounds, and sizes vary from that of a small countertop air fryer to a home-office paper shredder. The machines’ buckets hold anywhere from 2.5 to 14 liters of scraps.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"At around 45 to 50 dB, the Mill and both FoodCycler models were so quiet that I forgot they were running. Others were quiet-ish, mostly staying in the mid-50s—comparable to my Miele exhaust fan—but they were prone to periodically emitting a symphony of ghastly screeches, gurgles, and donkey bellows, upping the volume to 70 dB and above.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"All of the test machines included carbon filters that are supposed to absorb odors. The stench ran a wide range, with some machines emitting little to no odor. But the Airthereal outright stank, sometimes like an old, booze-soaked couch and other times like a dead animal. We also sometimes noticed a funky smell emanating from the Reencle and the Lomi machines. (I should note here that my household is vegetarian and that we didn’t add animal products, other than eggshells, to the machines.)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418385","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418385","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg","alt":"An assortment of carbon filters that go along with food recyclers.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05788.jpg"}},{"data":" Many machines include carbon filters, some of which were more effective than others, with odors ranging from nonexistent to an old, booze-soaked couch.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"The finished grounds resemble a patch of dry autumn leaves trampled to various degrees. While some machines’ yield was the size of coffee grounds or rice flakes, other models left small strips of recognizable shelled corn husk and 4-inch-square pieces of watermelon. The smaller you chop up your vegetables, the finer the grounds, but the chopping adds labor to a process that’s supposed to be simple.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Depending on what you put in the machine, the dehydrated output smells neutral, earthy, or fruity. (Ours often had a nutty, sweet smell, presumably because of the amount of bananas we consume.)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418420","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418420","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg","alt":"Composted grounds.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-1.jpg"}},{"data":" These Lomi grounds consist of various vegetables and shelled corn husks.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"The machines’ energy consumption was comparable. For example: ConEd charged me $47 for 137 kWh of electricity for the month that I continuously ran the Reencle in my house in New York City. Using a ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-smart-switch/#top-indoor-smart-plug-pick-tp-link-kasa-smart-wi-fi-plug-slim-ep25"},"children":[{"data":"TP-Link Kasa Smart Wi-Fi Plug Slim","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to measure, I noted that the Reencle had used 30 kWh, which translates to roughly $10 per month in New York (similar to an energy-efficient ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://bkvenergy.com/blog/how-much-electricity-does-refrigerator-use/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"refrigerator","type":"text"}]},{"data":").","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"adslot","attribs":{"class":"as as__ch ","adindex":"4"},"children":[]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"At first sight, most food recyclers are reminiscent of an ice cream maker: an outer shell with controls, a lid, and a removable “bucket” with one or two blades that grind up food scraps. An internal heating mechanism dehydrates the scraps until their volume is reduced by up to 90%, which, depending on the model, takes between three hours and several weeks. Most models simply dehydrate and grind. But the Lomi provides microbial tablets, and the Reencle includes sawdust inoculated with microbes, both of which promise to speed up the decomposition process. Some machines can break down bones as well as dairy, and the Lomi claims to process even bioplastics. The machines weigh between 17 and 50 pounds, and sizes vary from that of a small countertop air fryer to a home-office paper shredder. The machines’ buckets hold anywhere from 2.5 to 14 liters of scraps. At around 45 to 50 dB, the Mill and both FoodCycler models were so quiet that I forgot they were running. Others were quiet-ish, mostly staying in the mid-50s—comparable to my Miele exhaust fan—but they were prone to periodically emitting a symphony of ghastly screeches, gurgles, and donkey bellows, upping the volume to 70 dB and above. All of the test machines included carbon filters that are supposed to absorb odors. The stench ran a wide range, with some machines emitting little to no odor. But the Airthereal outright stank, sometimes like an old, booze-soaked couch and other times like a dead animal. We also sometimes noticed a funky smell emanating from the Reencle and the Lomi machines. (I should note here that my household is vegetarian and that we didn’t add animal products, other than eggshells, to the machines.) The finished grounds resemble a patch of dry autumn leaves trampled to various degrees. While some machines’ yield was the size of coffee grounds or rice flakes, other models left small strips of recognizable shelled corn husk and 4-inch-square pieces of watermelon. The smaller you chop up your vegetables, the finer the grounds, but the chopping adds labor to a process that’s supposed to be simple. Depending on what you put in the machine, the dehydrated output smells neutral, earthy, or fruity. (Ours often had a nutty, sweet smell, presumably because of the amount of bananas we consume.) The machines’ energy consumption was comparable. For example: ConEd charged me $47 for 137 kWh of electricity for the month that I continuously ran the Reencle in my house in New York City. Using a TP-Link Kasa Smart Wi-Fi Plug Slim to measure, I noted that the Reencle had used 30 kWh, which translates to roughly $10 per month in New York (similar to an energy-efficient refrigerator).","title":"How food recyclers work","slug":"how-food-recyclers-work","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418384","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418384","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg","alt":"A bowl of food scraps resting on a kitchen scale.","width":"2048","height":"1536","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-3.jpg"}},{"data":" I meticulously weighed the “feedstock” before grinding it and submitting the processed sample to the agricultural lab for analysis.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"To test the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65892/208604/4/200078/?merchant=Lomi","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Lomi"},"children":[{"data":"Lomi","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"Airthereal","type":"text"}]},{"data":", ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Reencle"},"children":[{"data":"Reencle","type":"text"}]},{"data":", and ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler","type":"text"}]},{"data":" machines, I processed dozens of pounds of food scraps in each model, including onions, leafy greens, watermelon rinds, eggshells, and coffee grounds. The Mill, which we kept in Wirecutter’s test kitchen because of its heft, also processed bones, dairy, and assorted cooked leftovers.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I sent the output of several machines to the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory","type":"text"}]},{"data":", at Penn State University, to analyze pH, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, percentage of solids, and moisture content—values that tell us how far along the dehydrated scraps are in the composting process and how useful they are as fertilizer. The lab also tested how much carbon dioxide the stuff was emitting, a further measure of decomposition.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"As a passionate gardener, I experimented with the machines’ output in my yard, and I conducted bioassay (germination and growth) tests under grow lights in my basement.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"And I ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"ran a worm farm","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to compare the fertilization power of worm poop (known by the euphemism “castings”) to that of the output from the machines.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I interviewed more than 15 soil scientists, company representatives, and Lomi and FoodCycler users about their experiences, composting methods and standards, and sustainability claims.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I studied the companies’ sustainability claims and, if applicable, their studies, scrutinizing their designs, results, and funding methods, and peppering sometimes-recalcitrant company representatives with questions.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"To test the Lomi, Airthereal, Reencle, and FoodCycler machines, I processed dozens of pounds of food scraps in each model, including onions, leafy greens, watermelon rinds, eggshells, and coffee grounds. The Mill, which we kept in Wirecutter’s test kitchen because of its heft, also processed bones, dairy, and assorted cooked leftovers. I sent the output of several machines to the Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory, at Penn State University, to analyze pH, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, percentage of solids, and moisture content—values that tell us how far along the dehydrated scraps are in the composting process and how useful they are as fertilizer. The lab also tested how much carbon dioxide the stuff was emitting, a further measure of decomposition. As a passionate gardener, I experimented with the machines’ output in my yard, and I conducted bioassay (germination and growth) tests under grow lights in my basement. And I ran a worm farm to compare the fertilization power of worm poop (known by the euphemism “castings”) to that of the output from the machines. I interviewed more than 15 soil scientists, company representatives, and Lomi and FoodCycler users about their experiences, composting methods and standards, and sustainability claims. I studied the companies’ sustainability claims and, if applicable, their studies, scrutinizing their designs, results, and funding methods, and peppering sometimes-recalcitrant company representatives with questions.","title":"How I tested","slug":"how-i-tested","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418383","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418383","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg","alt":"A container of grounded food scraps.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2-1.jpg"}},{"data":" The volume of the dehydrated food grounds is a fraction of the fresh scraps added to the bucket.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/how-to-start-composting/"},"children":[{"data":"Composting","type":"text"}]},{"data":" is a natural process that transforms food scraps and yard waste into nutrient-rich soil.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I’m familiar with this because I compost in my backyard. The process begins by mixing one part nitrogen-rich green matter (vegetable and fruit scraps) with three parts carbon-heavy brown matter (dry leaves, small twigs, and shredded cardboard) in a vermin-proof, two-chamber ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"compost tumbler","type":"text"}]},{"data":". As microbes like fungi and bacteria feast on the organic matter over several months, the “feedstock” heats up and is turned into compost, a nutrient-rich soil that fertilizes plants.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"“Finished compost should look like soil,” ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.swarthmore.edu/engineering/faculty-staff","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Sintana Vergara","type":"text"}]},{"data":", an associate professor of environmental engineering at Swarthmore College, explained. “You should not be able to see what you started with at all. It should look like beautiful, dark brown, rich stuff, and [...] smell like rich soil. If you squeeze it between your hands, you should have a little bit of dribbling coming out.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"It’s fairly ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/12/climate/best-way-to-compost.html"},"children":[{"data":"established","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that these machines do not produce true compost. Yet some food-recycler companies, including ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"Airthereal","type":"text"}]},{"data":" and ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65875/208570/4/200024/?merchant=Reencle","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Reencle"},"children":[{"data":"Reencle","type":"text"}]},{"data":", market their machines as “composters,” calling the output “compost” and the breakdown process “composting.” Despite ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXZG-kzlhPY","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"online","type":"text"}]},{"data":" criticism, Lomi ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"continues","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to suggest in ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-to-use-lomi-earth","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"some","type":"text"}]},{"data":" of its ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-does-composting-work","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"marketing","type":"text"}]},{"data":" copy (albeit inconsistently) that its output is akin to compost. While I was reporting this piece, the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240809082053/https://lomi.com/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"company claimed on its main page","type":"text"}]},{"data":", “It's like composting, but way easier.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418382","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418382","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg","alt":"A container of wet grounded food scraps.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4.jpg"}},{"data":" Does this look like compost? We added some sardines to the Airthereal machine just to see how it would do. The fish turned the device’s bucket into a crusty, uncleanable mess.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://foodcycler.com/blogs/sustainability/8-easy-cooking-upgrades-to-cut-down-on-kitchen-waste","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"points out","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that “electric food waste recyclers are not composters, nor do they produce compost or soil.” Yet the company maintains that its recyclers offer “an ideal alternative to composting” and the output can be used as “plant fertilizer.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"With assurances like those—and following the companies’ instructions—I worked some of the dehydrated vegetable and fruit grounds into the topsoil in my yard. I had done this with the output of my ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65880/208577/4/200027/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"compost tumbler","type":"text"}]},{"data":" numerous times, so what could go wrong?","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"A lot, it turns out.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"After a hot and humid week, the area was speckled with patches of mold. Rain had swollen the formerly dehydrated vegetable scraps like decomposing bodies. I raked the area and added more grounds in another corner of my yard. A few hours later, while working in the yard, I spotted my cat Gilbert mesmerized in front of the freshly “fertilized” patch, watching—you guessed it—a family of rats boldly munching on vegetable-and-fruit chips.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When I told ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.depts.ttu.edu/pss/people/faculty/slaughter-lindsey/lslaughter.php","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Lindsey Slaughter","type":"text"}]},{"data":", associate professor of Soil Microbial Ecology and Biochemistry at Texas Tech University, my rat story, she said, “If it was dehydrated food scraps, there had been no physical or chemical transformation of those materials. It was still food scraps, even if it was dry. I’m sure that was pretty, pretty delicious to the urban wildlife.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418381","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418381","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg","alt":"A person holding two Ziploc bags, labeled \"Lomi w/o\", filled with ground food scraps.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-6.jpg"}},{"data":" I processed dozens of pounds of vegetables, since the agricultural lab required two pints of grounds per test per machine.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"But the rats’ visit did raise a good question: How far along in the decomposition process exactly were my vegetable scraps? To find out, I prepared samples of food waste output from the FoodCycler FC-50, the Reencle, and the Lomi 2, and I sent them to the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Agricultural Analytical Services Lab","type":"text"}]},{"data":" at Penn State University.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"For the samples, I processed the Lomi feedstock both with and without the included microbial tablets, and I ran the device on Grow mode, a 16- to 20-hour cycle that ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-long-does-it-take-lomi-to-compost","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Lomi says","type":"text"}]},{"data":" produces fertilizer.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I omitted samples from the Mill machine (the company doesn’t claim to make compost or fertilizer) and from the Airthereal Revive (too smelly, plus some leftover sardines in our test kitchen had turned the device’s bucket into a crusty, uncleanable mess).","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418380","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418380","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg","alt":"A large bag of food grounds.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-7.jpg"}},{"data":" The Reencle food grounds need to be “cured” for three to four weeks before being used on plants, according to the company.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Once I got the results, I shared them with several experts.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"While there were some variations, the lab’s findings—including high percentages of organic matter, carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and carbon dioxide respirometry results—all confirmed that this stuff is far from what could be considered finished compost.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"adslot","attribs":{"class":"as as__ch ","adindex":"5"},"children":[]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"Composting is a natural process that transforms food scraps and yard waste into nutrient-rich soil. I’m familiar with this because I compost in my backyard. The process begins by mixing one part nitrogen-rich green matter (vegetable and fruit scraps) with three parts carbon-heavy brown matter (dry leaves, small twigs, and shredded cardboard) in a vermin-proof, two-chamber compost tumbler. As microbes like fungi and bacteria feast on the organic matter over several months, the “feedstock” heats up and is turned into compost, a nutrient-rich soil that fertilizes plants. “Finished compost should look like soil,” Sintana Vergara, an associate professor of environmental engineering at Swarthmore College, explained. “You should not be able to see what you started with at all. It should look like beautiful, dark brown, rich stuff, and [...] smell like rich soil. If you squeeze it between your hands, you should have a little bit of dribbling coming out.” It’s fairly established that these machines do not produce true compost. Yet some food-recycler companies, including Airthereal and Reencle, market their machines as “composters,” calling the output “compost” and the breakdown process “composting.” Despite online criticism, Lomi continues to suggest in some of its marketing copy (albeit inconsistently) that its output is akin to compost. While I was reporting this piece, the company claimed on its main page, “It's like composting, but way easier.” FoodCycler points out that “electric food waste recyclers are not composters, nor do they produce compost or soil.” Yet the company maintains that its recyclers offer “an ideal alternative to composting” and the output can be used as “plant fertilizer.” With assurances like those—and following the companies’ instructions—I worked some of the dehydrated vegetable and fruit grounds into the topsoil in my yard. I had done this with the output of my compost tumbler numerous times, so what could go wrong? A lot, it turns out. After a hot and humid week, the area was speckled with patches of mold. Rain had swollen the formerly dehydrated vegetable scraps like decomposing bodies. I raked the area and added more grounds in another corner of my yard. A few hours later, while working in the yard, I spotted my cat Gilbert mesmerized in front of the freshly “fertilized” patch, watching—you guessed it—a family of rats boldly munching on vegetable-and-fruit chips. When I told Lindsey Slaughter, associate professor of Soil Microbial Ecology and Biochemistry at Texas Tech University, my rat story, she said, “If it was dehydrated food scraps, there had been no physical or chemical transformation of those materials. It was still food scraps, even if it was dry. I’m sure that was pretty, pretty delicious to the urban wildlife.” But the rats’ visit did raise a good question: How far along in the decomposition process exactly were my vegetable scraps? To find out, I prepared samples of food waste output from the FoodCycler FC-50, the Reencle, and the Lomi 2, and I sent them to the Agricultural Analytical Services Lab at Penn State University. For the samples, I processed the Lomi feedstock both with and without the included microbial tablets, and I ran the device on Grow mode, a 16- to 20-hour cycle that Lomi says produces fertilizer. I omitted samples from the Mill machine (the company doesn’t claim to make compost or fertilizer) and from the Airthereal Revive (too smelly, plus some leftover sardines in our test kitchen had turned the device’s bucket into a crusty, uncleanable mess). Once I got the results, I shared them with several experts. While there were some variations, the lab’s findings—including high percentages of organic matter, carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and carbon dioxide respirometry results—all confirmed that this stuff is far from what could be considered finished compost.","title":"Food recyclers don’t produce compost","slug":"food-recyclers-dont-produce-compost","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418379","align":"alignnone","width":"1024"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"wp-image-418379 size-large","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-TestResultsTable-1024x940.png","alt":"A graph explaining the moisture content, organic matter, and carbon to nitrogen ratio of compost made with each food recycler we tested.","width":"1024","height":"940","noInlineStyles":false},"children":[]},{"data":" We tested the output of machines whose companies suggest their output is “compost” or similar to compost in at least some of their marketing.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Interestingly, the test results for the Lomi grounds that had been processed with microbial tablets were identical to those without them.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"“Microbes don’t actually live on solid surfaces,” explained Robert Pavlis, author of ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"em","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65881/208578/4/200028/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"Microbe Science for Gardeners: Secrets to Better Plant Health","type":"text"}]}]},{"data":". “[L]iving microbes need a thin layer of water around them to keep them alive. If you dry them out, they either die or go dormant.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"In the carbon dioxide respirometry test, the output from the Reencle machine fared the best among the models whose output we had lab tested. “[T]his output likely got further along in the natural compost process but isn’t finished either,” said Gina Talt, food systems project manager at the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab","type":"text"}]},{"data":". But Talt explained that its comparatively high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is problematic because as the microbes continue processing the carbon, they will temporarily steal nitrogen from the soil, depriving the plant of needed nutrients during a critical growth period.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Pavlis said that the claims of some companies—that their recyclers make “compost”—are “a huge red flag because people are buying these machines thinking they’re going to make compost.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When asked about their use of the terms “compost” and “composting,” Airthereal said it considers the Revive Electric Composters’ output “pre-compost rather than a fully-formed fertilizer.” The maker of the Reencle Home Composter responded that “compost and composting are imperfect terms because of the variability in the process.” And FoodCycler and Lomi did not directly answer my questions about their use of these terms.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Mill’s marketing pitch is more transparent, though still imperfect. Suzy Sammons, head of marketing at Mill, made sure to tell me that the company doesn’t claim that its food recyclers’ “","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/60938/199935/4/200023/?merchant=Mill","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"dry-and-grind system","type":"text"}]},{"data":"” produces compost, “because it is scientifically impossible to compost overnight on your countertop or without extra steps.” Although the company doesn’t state that you can add the grounds to your potted indoor plants, it does ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/?srsltid=AfmBOoqA46mTMZ1MyunXnS2LRAC8VhD6m2F6H3-fI32BvYZEfw-zEUDc","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"claim","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that you can mix “nutrient-rich grounds” with soil, let it cure for two weeks, and then use it in your garden. But this seems dubious.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"For one thing, Mill also ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"states","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that you can feed the grounds to chickens, which brings us back to the rats: If it’s a hit with chickens, I’m pretty sure that New York City rats are ready to place their orders! And for another thing, grounds from several of the machines we tested proved pretty terrible for growing plants, even after “curing.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"Interestingly, the test results for the Lomi grounds that had been processed with microbial tablets were identical to those without them. “Microbes don’t actually live on solid surfaces,” explained Robert Pavlis, author of Microbe Science for Gardeners: Secrets to Better Plant Health. “[L]iving microbes need a thin layer of water around them to keep them alive. If you dry them out, they either die or go dormant.” In the carbon dioxide respirometry test, the output from the Reencle machine fared the best among the models whose output we had lab tested. “[T]his output likely got further along in the natural compost process but isn’t finished either,” said Gina Talt, food systems project manager at the Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab. But Talt explained that its comparatively high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is problematic because as the microbes continue processing the carbon, they will temporarily steal nitrogen from the soil, depriving the plant of needed nutrients during a critical growth period. Pavlis said that the claims of some companies—that their recyclers make “compost”—are “a huge red flag because people are buying these machines thinking they’re going to make compost.” When asked about their use of the terms “compost” and “composting,” Airthereal said it considers the Revive Electric Composters’ output “pre-compost rather than a fully-formed fertilizer.” The maker of the Reencle Home Composter responded that “compost and composting are imperfect terms because of the variability in the process.” And FoodCycler and Lomi did not directly answer my questions about their use of these terms. Mill’s marketing pitch is more transparent, though still imperfect. Suzy Sammons, head of marketing at Mill, made sure to tell me that the company doesn’t claim that its food recyclers’ “dry-and-grind system” produces compost, “because it is scientifically impossible to compost overnight on your countertop or without extra steps.” Although the company doesn’t state that you can add the grounds to your potted indoor plants, it does claim that you can mix “nutrient-rich grounds” with soil, let it cure for two weeks, and then use it in your garden. But this seems dubious. For one thing, Mill also states that you can feed the grounds to chickens, which brings us back to the rats: If it’s a hit with chickens, I’m pretty sure that New York City rats are ready to place their orders! And for another thing, grounds from several of the machines we tested proved pretty terrible for growing plants, even after “curing.”","title":"Lab analysis results","slug":"lab-analysis-results","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418378","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418378","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg","alt":"Two rows of six pots filled with composted soil, growing plants on a table under a growlight.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-2.jpg"}},{"data":" I conducted a plant growth test in my basement to investigate the companies’ fertilizer claims. The eight pots pictured closest to left, above, contain matter from the machines and have minimal growth. The four pots to the right are controls.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"So this stuff clearly isn’t compost. But can you still use it as fertilizer?","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"All of the companies whose machines we tested (except Mill) suggest that you can. In their marketing copy, both ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPL-TlPxAiA","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Reencle","type":"text"}]},{"data":" and ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65874/208584/4/200022/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Amazon"},"children":[{"data":"Airthereal","type":"text"}]},{"data":" call their machines’ output “fertilizer.” FoodCycler alternatively refers to its output as “","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/out/link/42828/168404/4/200025/?merchant=Amazon","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"nutrient-rich soil amendment","type":"text"}]},{"data":"” and “","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://foodcycler.com/blogs/your-foodcycler%E2%84%A2/the-science-behind-foodcycler-foodcycler-foodilizer-explained","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Foodilizer","type":"text"}]},{"data":".” Lomi says its machines, if run in Grow mode, ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://support.pela.earth/hc/en-us/articles/18701181255067-Best-Practices-Grow-Mode","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"produce fertilizer","type":"text"}]},{"data":", and it refers to the output as “","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/?view=sl-6B00C455","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Lomi Earth","type":"text"}]},{"data":",” which can supposedly be ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/blogs/news/how-to-use-lomi-earth","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"added","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to your garden and your potted plants.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-gallery","attribs":{"size":"full","ids":"418376,418375"},"children":[],"dbData":[{"id":418376,"title":"composttesting-2048px-05759","excerpt":"The Lomi has three different modes, whose cycles take between three and 20 hours. Food processed in the Eco Express and Grow modes can be used in plants and the yard, according to Lomi, which offers a long catalog of guidelines on what and what not to put in the bucket. ","mimeType":"image/jpeg","credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter","alt":"The power button on the Lomi 2.","imagePaths":{"full":"2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg"},"width":2048,"height":2049,"dbData":{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05759.jpg","productionCDN":true}},{"id":418375,"title":"composttesting-2048px-05791","excerpt":"The Reencle opens automatically when you step toward it, and it often smelled boozy—a problem I wasn’t able to solve by running its Purify mode. ","mimeType":"image/jpeg","credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter","alt":"The power and settings buttons on the front of the Reencle Home Composter.","imagePaths":{"full":"2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg"},"width":2048,"height":2048,"dbData":{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05791.jpg","productionCDN":true}}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Pavlis said the use of the word “fertilizer” is “incorrect terminology.” Generally, commercially sold fertilizers are ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/chemicals/fertilizer","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"regulated","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to ensure they are safe for people to use, and the manufacturer must list the proportions of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Referring to the term “Lomi Earth,” Pavlis added, “And it’s not earth either. To be earth, you really have to have sand, silt, and clay in it, and there’s no sand, silt, and clay in it.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I decided to put the machines’ outputs to the test by conducting a bioassay, a test of germination and plant growth, at home.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"To prepare, I closely followed each company’s instructions. Lomi, for example, requires that you don’t process any meat, fish, or dairy if you plan to use the output on plants. And Reencle requires that you stop adding new food scraps to the recycler 48 hours before emptying it, and then letting the output cure for three to four weeks in an open container before using it on plants. FoodCycler, too, wants you to cure its machine’s grounds before adding them to plants.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418473","align":"alignnone","width":"996"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"alignnone size-large wp-image-418473","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg?auto=webp\u0026width=996","alt":"A graphic describing what happened on days 1, 3, and 9 on bioassay testing.","width":"996","height":"1024"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-Bioassay-Testing-Diary-v2.jpg"}},{"data":" ","type":"text"},{"data":" ","type":"comment"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I mixed equal amounts of ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"class":"product-link","href":"https://wclink.co/link/65882/208579/4/200030/?merchant=Ace%20Hardware","rel":"noopener sponsored","target":"_blank","data-gtm-trigger":"product_link","data-store":"Ace Hardware"},"children":[{"data":"Earthgro topsoil","type":"text"}]},{"data":" with the company-prescribed amounts of identical food grounds. For example, I mixed one cup of topsoil with a tenth of a cup of Lomi grounds, processed in Grow mode, with the microbial tablet, another cup of soil with the Lomi grounds without the tablet, and one cup of topsoil with an 11th of a cup of FoodCycler FC-50 grounds.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I also created two control groups: one with topsoil alone and one with worm castings from the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/worm-composting/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"worm-farm","type":"text"}]},{"data":" experiment I was simultaneously conducting.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I buried 10 radish seeds at a depth of half an inch in each of the six pots I had prepared, repeating the bioassay experiment with 10 barley seeds buried at a depth of 1.5 inches.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"I watered the soil and turned on the grow lights, ensuring the room ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1287\u0026context=extension_curall#:~:text=Radishes%20can%20be%20sown%20after,be%20planted%20%C2%BD%20inch%20deep.","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"temperature","type":"text"}]},{"data":" didn’t exceed ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://apps.msuextension.org/publications/pub.html?sku=EB0186#:~:text=Barley%20is%20a%20cool%2Dseason,F%20and%2075%C2%B0F","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"75 °F","type":"text"}]},{"data":". Over nine days, I noted germination rates and dates, plant health, and growth.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"adslot","attribs":{"class":"as as__ch ","adindex":"6"},"children":[]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"So this stuff clearly isn’t compost. But can you still use it as fertilizer? All of the companies whose machines we tested (except Mill) suggest that you can. In their marketing copy, both Reencle and Airthereal call their machines’ output “fertilizer.” FoodCycler alternatively refers to its output as “nutrient-rich soil amendment” and “Foodilizer.” Lomi says its machines, if run in Grow mode, produce fertilizer, and it refers to the output as “Lomi Earth,” which can supposedly be added to your garden and your potted plants. Pavlis said the use of the word “fertilizer” is “incorrect terminology.” Generally, commercially sold fertilizers are regulated to ensure they are safe for people to use, and the manufacturer must list the proportions of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Referring to the term “Lomi Earth,” Pavlis added, “And it’s not earth either. To be earth, you really have to have sand, silt, and clay in it, and there’s no sand, silt, and clay in it.” I decided to put the machines’ outputs to the test by conducting a bioassay, a test of germination and plant growth, at home. To prepare, I closely followed each company’s instructions. Lomi, for example, requires that you don’t process any meat, fish, or dairy if you plan to use the output on plants. And Reencle requires that you stop adding new food scraps to the recycler 48 hours before emptying it, and then letting the output cure for three to four weeks in an open container before using it on plants. FoodCycler, too, wants you to cure its machine’s grounds before adding them to plants. I mixed equal amounts of Earthgro topsoil with the company-prescribed amounts of identical food grounds. For example, I mixed one cup of topsoil with a tenth of a cup of Lomi grounds, processed in Grow mode, with the microbial tablet, another cup of soil with the Lomi grounds without the tablet, and one cup of topsoil with an 11th of a cup of FoodCycler FC-50 grounds. I also created two control groups: one with topsoil alone and one with worm castings from the worm-farm experiment I was simultaneously conducting. I buried 10 radish seeds at a depth of half an inch in each of the six pots I had prepared, repeating the bioassay experiment with 10 barley seeds buried at a depth of 1.5 inches. I watered the soil and turned on the grow lights, ensuring the room temperature didn’t exceed 75 °F. Over nine days, I noted germination rates and dates, plant health, and growth.","title":"The stuff makes lousy fertilizer","slug":"the-stuff-makes-lousy-fertilizer","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418374","align":"alignnone","width":"698"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"alignnone size-large wp-image-418374","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png?auto=webp\u0026width=698","alt":"A chart describing the bioassay testing results of the food recyclers tested.","width":"698","height":"1024"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTERS-2048PX-BioassayTestResults.png"}},{"data":" ","type":"text"},{"data":" ","type":"comment"}],"dbData":{"credit":"NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"On day two, a strong, rotten smell emanated from the pots that contained FoodCycler and Lomi grounds.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"On day three, mold had grown on the FoodCycler, Lomi, and Reencle plantings.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"By day four, fruit flies had joined the party.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"That same day, several radish seedlings and a couple of barley seedlings emerged from the soil-only and the soil-plus-worm-castings samples.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"All in all, the food-recycler machines’ material was reliably the least likely to yield robust seedlings. The control groups (soil-only and soil with worm castings) had the highest germination and growth rates, and those groups’ plants had the strongest, most anchored roots.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"The Reencle and Lomi samples performed the poorest. In fact, no radish seedlings emerged at all from the Lomi-with-microbes sample, and zero barley seedlings cropped up from the Reencle sample. The roots of the seedlings that did emerge were less anchored, and the colors of their leaves/blades were, for the most part, a sickly yellow.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-gallery","attribs":{"size":"full","ids":"418373,418421"},"children":[],"dbData":[{"id":418373,"title":"composttesting-570px-lomi","excerpt":"The smaller you cut up your scraps, the finer the grounds, but this takes extra effort and can get time-consuming. The Lomi 2 has a window on top so you can watch it processing your scraps. ","mimeType":"image/gif","credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter","alt":"A looped video of the Lomi 2 working on food scraps.","imagePaths":{"full":"2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif"},"width":570,"height":570,"dbData":{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomi.gif","productionCDN":true}},{"id":418421,"title":"composttesting-570px-lomichurn","excerpt":"A few hours in, the vegetable matter looks decidedly less appetizing. ","mimeType":"image/gif","credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter","alt":"Wet food scraps sloshing around in the Lomi 2.","imagePaths":{"full":"2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif"},"width":570,"height":570,"dbData":{"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-570px-lomichurn.gif","productionCDN":true}}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Our conclusion: Food-scrap material from these machines seems, at best, useless at fertilizing, and when it’s applied to soil, it can actually harm your plants.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Vergara explained that you don’t want to use food scraps on plants before the material has fully decomposed. “If you apply it to soil, it’s actually going to take nutrients from your soil,” she said.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When asked for comment about the growth test results, Reencle responded that the company has conducted “numerous germination tests in Korea with independent labs with positive results.” The spokesperson also said that it has a research study at Brigham Young University underway to show its machine’s output can be used to grow vegetables.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Lomi sent me one of its non-peer-reviewed studies, conducted by a consulting firm hired by the company. While the study showed some positive results where Lomi grounds were combined with bulking agents and inoculation of naturally occurring soil microbiome, it also said these benefits were not apparent when poor-quality soil was amended with Lomi Earth. (","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0569/9675/7697/files/Analysis_of_Lomi_Earth_growth_experiment_Final_1_1.pdf?v=1707257960","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Another study","type":"text"}]},{"data":" by the same firm came to a similar conclusion.) The study’s summary suggested that “there appears to be an important interaction between Lomi Earth and a diverse soil microbiome that results in greater soil health and enhanced plant growth.” However, the study also found that the Lomi pods and bulking agent did not result in higher growth. In other words, whether your plants will grow, wilt, or die depends on the soil’s microbiome, a variable that’s hard to control for most users.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"FoodCycler responded to our request for comment, saying that its machines’ output “can inhibit germination in some seeds sensitive to electrical conductivity,” but it added that once a plant is established, the grounds can support and increase plant growth.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Plant growth aside, the output may also pose a health safety issue, depending on the food scraps you add to your machine. According to the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.fda.gov/food/foodborne-pathogens/escherichia-coli-e-coli","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"FDA","type":"text"}]},{"data":", vegetables and meat count among the most likely sources of E. coli.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"A machine’s internal temperature and the time it takes to process scraps both play a role in safety. Compost reaches a temperature of up to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://dec.vermont.gov/sites/dec/files/wmp/SolidWaste/Documents/How%20Hot%20Is%20My%20Compost.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"150 °F","type":"text"}]},{"data":", and the food-safety “","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/danger-zone-40f-140f","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"danger zone","type":"text"}]},{"data":"” lies between 40 °F and 140 °F. (E.coli can survive in even higher temperatures.)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Lomi declined to share the internal temperatures of its machines, but the other companies told me that internal temperatures range between 140 °F and 284 °F.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418372","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418372","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg","alt":"A person holding a crisp of dried vegetables.","width":"2048","height":"1365","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-5.jpg"}},{"data":" The dense, burned crust of some vegetable remnants scraped out of the Lomi.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Sabine Heinlein/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Ideally, the machines get hot enough to kill harmful bacteria but not so hot that you’re killing off beneficial bacteria. If the temperature is too hot, there’s a tradeoff: “You might be getting rid of a lot of the beneficial bacteria, who are the guys doing all this work, the ones that are doing the decomposition,” Vergara said.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"On day two, a strong, rotten smell emanated from the pots that contained FoodCycler and Lomi grounds. On day three, mold had grown on the FoodCycler, Lomi, and Reencle plantings. By day four, fruit flies had joined the party. That same day, several radish seedlings and a couple of barley seedlings emerged from the soil-only and the soil-plus-worm-castings samples. All in all, the food-recycler machines’ material was reliably the least likely to yield robust seedlings. The control groups (soil-only and soil with worm castings) had the highest germination and growth rates, and those groups’ plants had the strongest, most anchored roots. The Reencle and Lomi samples performed the poorest. In fact, no radish seedlings emerged at all from the Lomi-with-microbes sample, and zero barley seedlings cropped up from the Reencle sample. The roots of the seedlings that did emerge were less anchored, and the colors of their leaves/blades were, for the most part, a sickly yellow. Our conclusion: Food-scrap material from these machines seems, at best, useless at fertilizing, and when it’s applied to soil, it can actually harm your plants. Vergara explained that you don’t want to use food scraps on plants before the material has fully decomposed. “If you apply it to soil, it’s actually going to take nutrients from your soil,” she said. When asked for comment about the growth test results, Reencle responded that the company has conducted “numerous germination tests in Korea with independent labs with positive results.” The spokesperson also said that it has a research study at Brigham Young University underway to show its machine’s output can be used to grow vegetables. Lomi sent me one of its non-peer-reviewed studies, conducted by a consulting firm hired by the company. While the study showed some positive results where Lomi grounds were combined with bulking agents and inoculation of naturally occurring soil microbiome, it also said these benefits were not apparent when poor-quality soil was amended with Lomi Earth. (Another study by the same firm came to a similar conclusion.) The study’s summary suggested that “there appears to be an important interaction between Lomi Earth and a diverse soil microbiome that results in greater soil health and enhanced plant growth.” However, the study also found that the Lomi pods and bulking agent did not result in higher growth. In other words, whether your plants will grow, wilt, or die depends on the soil’s microbiome, a variable that’s hard to control for most users. FoodCycler responded to our request for comment, saying that its machines’ output “can inhibit germination in some seeds sensitive to electrical conductivity,” but it added that once a plant is established, the grounds can support and increase plant growth. Plant growth aside, the output may also pose a health safety issue, depending on the food scraps you add to your machine. According to the FDA, vegetables and meat count among the most likely sources of E. coli. A machine’s internal temperature and the time it takes to process scraps both play a role in safety. Compost reaches a temperature of up to 150 °F, and the food-safety “danger zone” lies between 40 °F and 140 °F. (E.coli can survive in even higher temperatures.) Lomi declined to share the internal temperatures of its machines, but the other companies told me that internal temperatures range between 140 °F and 284 °F. Ideally, the machines get hot enough to kill harmful bacteria but not so hot that you’re killing off beneficial bacteria. If the temperature is too hot, there’s a tradeoff: “You might be getting rid of a lot of the beneficial bacteria, who are the guys doing all this work, the ones that are doing the decomposition,” Vergara said.","title":"Bioassay test results","slug":"bioassay-test-results","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418371","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418371","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg","alt":"A glass cup of ground food scraps with a pile of the same material in front.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05767.jpg"}},{"data":" Grounds from the Mill machine. Mill says its grounds are shelf-stable.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"This question has been tormenting me: How much food do these dehydrators really divert from landfills? And how much greenhouse gas emissions are thus avoided?","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"One thing is very clear: The amount is not nearly as much as some of these companies claim.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Take Lomi, for example, which makes some of the biggest environmental claims of the companies whose machines we tested. I asked Lomi to explain the company’s claim that its recyclers have helped to divert up to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240630020703/https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"340 million pounds of food scraps","type":"text"}]},{"data":" from landfills. This number, a spokesperson told me, is based on results from over 200,000 Lomis being used in US households for two years, with each household processing 2.2 pounds of food waste per day.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418370","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418370","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg","alt":"A screenshot of a page on the Lomi website describing their \"community impact\".","width":"2048","height":"1392","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-25.jpg"}},{"data":" When I began research on this piece, Lomi’s site claimed its machines had kept up to 340 million pounds of food scraps out of landfills. After I told the company that its math didn’t add up, the claim was revised on the website.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Lomi"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When I questioned the company’s math, Lomi quickly revised the figure of food scraps saved from landfills between January 2022 and January 2024, lowering it from up to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240630020703/https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"340 million pounds","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to up to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"260 million pounds","type":"text"}]},{"data":". However, the company continued to use the assumption that each Lomi user had diverted 2.2 pounds of food waste per household per day from the landfill during this period.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"When asked for the origin of its 2.2-pounds-per-household figure, Lomi cited an ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/documents/warm_organic_materials_v15_10-29-2020.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"EPA document","type":"text"}]},{"data":" that did not actually include this number. The company did not respond to our specific questions about the exact numbers behind its calculations when we asked again later, so we did the math ourselves.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"According to the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"EPA","type":"text"}]},{"data":", the average US household produces about 338 pounds of food waste a year, which breaks down to less than 1 pound per day. (Don’t forget, this represents only 40% of total food waste; ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-03/2019%20Wasted%20Food%20Report_508_opt_ec.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"the other 60%","type":"text"}]},{"data":" originates from restaurants, institutions, and supermarkets.)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"For the sake of argument, let’s assume that Lomi sold the 200,000 machines currently in people’s homes in January 2022 (highly unlikely), when the machines first became available. Let’s also assume that the machines’ owners processed all of their household food waste in those machines for 24 months (also highly unlikely, particularly since there are dozens of food items, including oils, large bones, and nutshells, that the Lomi cannot process). Even under these most optimistic circumstances, Lomi machines would have saved only about 134 million pounds of food waste from landfills, about half of what the company claims.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"But even this number appears highly implausible considering that if you opt to use the machine’s ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://support.pela.earth/hc/en-us/articles/4416228515355-What-Can-I-Add-to-Lomi","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Grow mode","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to create, in Lomi’s words, “a natural fertilizer,” you must exclude dairy, meat, bones, and grains.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418369","align":"alignnone","width":"1024"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"alignnone size-large wp-image-418369","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png?auto=webp\u0026width=1024","alt":"A graphic decoding Lomi's sustainability claim.","width":"1024","height":"826"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/COUNTERTOP-COMPOSTING-2048PX-Claim-Decoder.png"}},{"data":" ","type":"text"},{"data":" ","type":"comment"}],"dbData":{"credit":"NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"The accuracy of Lomi’s food-waste numbers matters, since they are a critical figure in avoided-greenhouse-gas-emissions calculations. On its site, the company ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://lomi.com/pages/sustainability","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"touts","type":"text"}]},{"data":" an avoided-emissions figure of 169 kg CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent), which Lomi told us in an email was determined by a hired consultancy. According to Lomi, this figure assumes that “the Lomi Earth (end product) is used at home” compared with the “transportation and disposal of the same food waste in a landfill.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"This point is clear: If your goal is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from your food waste, it’s most important that you make sure it does not end up in the trash, after which it will be landfilled or burned. ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-10/food-waste-landfill-methane-10-8-23-final_508-compliant.pdf","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Landfilled food waste contributes to greenhouse gas emissions","type":"text"}]},{"data":", most potently in the form of methane. But you don’t need a machine to compost.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418540","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418540","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg","alt":"A pile of light colored grounds spilled on the base of a tree.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-4819.jpg"}},{"data":" One of our editors spotted telltale food-recycler grounds near Wirecutter’s office. Evidently, we’re not the only ones confused about what to do with them.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marguerite Preston/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Still, there are some potential environmental benefits to using these machines. Several of the experts we consulted said that the dehydrators may potentially help make people more aware of their food waste.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"“If it helps them engage in more pro-environmental behaviors, it’s a win,” said ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Gina M. Talt","type":"text"}]},{"data":", the food systems project manager at Princeton University’s ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://sustain.princeton.edu/about-us/composting","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"S.C.R.A.P. Lab","type":"text"}]},{"data":". But, she added, “A lot of people forget that the biggest way we can have an impact is to stop the waste of food upfront and … don’t just have leftover food that goes bad.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"adslot","attribs":{"class":"as as__ch ","adindex":"7"},"children":[]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"This question has been tormenting me: How much food do these dehydrators really divert from landfills? And how much greenhouse gas emissions are thus avoided? One thing is very clear: The amount is not nearly as much as some of these companies claim. Take Lomi, for example, which makes some of the biggest environmental claims of the companies whose machines we tested. I asked Lomi to explain the company’s claim that its recyclers have helped to divert up to 340 million pounds of food scraps from landfills. This number, a spokesperson told me, is based on results from over 200,000 Lomis being used in US households for two years, with each household processing 2.2 pounds of food waste per day. When I questioned the company’s math, Lomi quickly revised the figure of food scraps saved from landfills between January 2022 and January 2024, lowering it from up to 340 million pounds to up to 260 million pounds. However, the company continued to use the assumption that each Lomi user had diverted 2.2 pounds of food waste per household per day from the landfill during this period. When asked for the origin of its 2.2-pounds-per-household figure, Lomi cited an EPA document that did not actually include this number. The company did not respond to our specific questions about the exact numbers behind its calculations when we asked again later, so we did the math ourselves. According to the EPA, the average US household produces about 338 pounds of food waste a year, which breaks down to less than 1 pound per day. (Don’t forget, this represents only 40% of total food waste; the other 60% originates from restaurants, institutions, and supermarkets.) For the sake of argument, let’s assume that Lomi sold the 200,000 machines currently in people’s homes in January 2022 (highly unlikely), when the machines first became available. Let’s also assume that the machines’ owners processed all of their household food waste in those machines for 24 months (also highly unlikely, particularly since there are dozens of food items, including oils, large bones, and nutshells, that the Lomi cannot process). Even under these most optimistic circumstances, Lomi machines would have saved only about 134 million pounds of food waste from landfills, about half of what the company claims. But even this number appears highly implausible considering that if you opt to use the machine’s Grow mode to create, in Lomi’s words, “a natural fertilizer,” you must exclude dairy, meat, bones, and grains. The accuracy of Lomi’s food-waste numbers matters, since they are a critical figure in avoided-greenhouse-gas-emissions calculations. On its site, the company touts an avoided-emissions figure of 169 kg CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent), which Lomi told us in an email was determined by a hired consultancy. According to Lomi, this figure assumes that “the Lomi Earth (end product) is used at home” compared with the “transportation and disposal of the same food waste in a landfill.” This point is clear: If your goal is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from your food waste, it’s most important that you make sure it does not end up in the trash, after which it will be landfilled or burned. Landfilled food waste contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, most potently in the form of methane. But you don’t need a machine to compost. Still, there are some potential environmental benefits to using these machines. Several of the experts we consulted said that the dehydrators may potentially help make people more aware of their food waste. “If it helps them engage in more pro-environmental behaviors, it’s a win,” said Gina M. Talt, the food systems project manager at Princeton University’s S.C.R.A.P. Lab. But, she added, “A lot of people forget that the biggest way we can have an impact is to stop the waste of food upfront and … don’t just have leftover food that goes bad.”","title":"Does using a food recycler actually help the environment?","slug":"does-using-a-food-recycler-actually-help-the-environment","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":[{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-caption","attribs":{"id":"attachment_418368","align":"alignnone","width":"2048"},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"img","attribs":{"class":"size-full wp-image-418368","src":"https://cdn.thewirecutter.com/wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg","alt":"The inside of a used Mill Food Recycler.","width":"2048","height":"2048","noInlineStyles":true,"postType":"review"},"children":[],"dbData":{"productionCDN":true,"source":"wp-content/media/2024/10/composttesting-2048px-05735.jpg"}},{"data":" The Mill, the largest machine we tested, offers a mail-in program to turn food waste into chicken feed.","type":"text"}],"dbData":{"credit":"Marki Williams/NYT Wirecutter"}},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Based on our lab results and planting tests, we can confidently say that adding food-recycler grounds to your garden or potted plants is a bad idea. But some people might still find a use for them.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"strong","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"You can use the output to speed up compost. ","type":"text"}]},{"data":"You could mix the dehydrated matter with browns (cardboard or dry leaves) and add them to an existing compost pile. But you’d have to add water because the microbes that are digesting the matter like it moist.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"“Something that is actually grinding that material down for you does help kickstart that composting process,” ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.depts.ttu.edu/pss/people/faculty/slaughter-lindsey/lslaughter.php","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Lindsey Slaughter","type":"text"}]},{"data":" said. “So it would speed up the overall time needed for composting.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"strong","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"You can use them to pause composting in winter. ","type":"text"}]},{"data":"These machines might also come in handy during cold winter months, when your outdoor compost bin fills up faster than your compost breaks down. Since the dehydrated food scraps can be stored for several months, you can save the stuff until the weather is warm enough for your compost microbes to return to work. But, again, you will have to add water—another crucial resource in addition to the electricity needed to run the machines.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"strong","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"You can use them to reduce your trash volume. ","type":"text"}]},{"data":"Around ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921344918304683","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"10%","type":"text"}]},{"data":" of US municipalities have adopted a ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://archive.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/tools/payt/web/html/index.html","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"pay-as-you-throw program","type":"text"}]},{"data":", in which residents are charged for the collection of household trash according to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://archive.epa.gov/wastes/conserve/tools/payt/web/html/top20.html","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"weight or volume","type":"text"}]},{"data":". And dehydrating your food waste by 75% to 90% can certainly make a difference in the heft of your trash. But critically, if you still throw the grounds in the trash, you do nothing to reduce your environmental footprint. Your (smaller) food scraps will likely end up in the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/composting#impacts","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"landfill","type":"text"}]},{"data":" or be incinerated.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Composting expert Xavier DeRoos, founder of composting service ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://liverenuable.com/","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"Renüable","type":"text"}]},{"data":", said if you don’t do backyard composting, it would be best to pair your food recycler’s output with a composting program, to properly divert the material from the landfill. He suggested contacting your municipality and asking about municipal composting programs or community composters in your area. Otherwise, he said, “the methane is still being produced and just released in a separate timeline.”","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"strong","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"You might donate the stuff to chickens. ","type":"text"}]},{"data":"Mill takes the guessing game out of what to do with your scraps by offering an alternative model. Although you can ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"add the Mill grounds","type":"text"}]},{"data":" to your existing compost, your municipal garbage, or your green bin, there’s an alternative approach. For a $10 monthly subscription fee, you can order prepaid, plastic-lined boxes from Mill, have USPS pick them up, and send them to Mill. The company gives the grounds to small farms, which use them as ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/faq/service","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"chicken feed","type":"text"}]},{"data":", a recycling method that’s more beneficial than composting, according to the ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/wasted-food-scale#about","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"EPA’s Wasted Food Scale","type":"text"}]},{"data":". (You can also feed the grounds to ","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.mill.com/blog/homemade-chicken-feed-guide-with-recipe","rel":"noopener","target":"_blank"},"children":[{"data":"your own chickens","type":"text"}]},{"data":".)","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"If you’ve been curious about these machines because you want to do something good for the planet, these food recyclers are probably not the way to go. Try to waste less food. Start a backyard compost. Or look for composting options in your area, such as farms, community composting programs, or microhaulers that pick up food scraps. Chances are good that there are options nearby, so your ice cream maker doesn’t have to fight for counter space with yet another newfangled kitchen appliance.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"type":"tag","name":"em","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"This piece was edited by Ben Frumin, Katie Okamoto, and Marguerite Preston.","type":"text"}]}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"},{"type":"tag","name":"shortcode-recirc","attribs":{"id":"221212, 218574, 251098, 378405","title":"Further reading"},"children":[],"dbData":[{"id":221212,"type":"review","title":"How to Start Composting","link":"/guides/how-to-start-composting/","featuredImage":{"id":"221187","source":"wp-content/media/2021/09/composting-2048px-026875-3x2-1.jpg","productionCDN":true},"structuredSummary":[{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"No matter where you live or how many kitchen scraps you amass, you can compost if you want to. We compiled tips from five compost experts to get you started.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}]},{"id":218574,"type":"review","title":"Kitchen Compost Bins We Love","link":"/reviews/best-compost-bins/","featuredImage":{"id":"398825","source":"wp-content/media/2024/07/compostbins-2048px-01678-3x2-1.jpg","productionCDN":true},"structuredSummary":[{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Our favorite kitchen compost bins are affordable (or free), easy to clean, and may help you keep up a composting habit for the long run.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}]},{"id":251098,"type":"review","title":"25 Simple Tools and Practical Tips for Cutting Down Food Waste","link":"/guides/how-to-reduce-food-waste/","featuredImage":{"id":"251357","source":"wp-content/media/2022/04/waste-less-food-2048px-5196-3x2-1.jpg","productionCDN":true},"structuredSummary":[{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"These tools and strategies for reducing food waste skip the guilt trip and focus instead on a holistic approach to cooking.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}]},{"id":378405,"type":"review","title":"I Saved 2,000 Pounds of Food Waste From the Landfill With This Simple Composter","link":"/reviews/saving-food-waste-with-composter/","featuredImage":{"id":"378422","source":"wp-content/media/2024/04/composterode-2048px-3x2-1.jpg","productionCDN":true},"structuredSummary":[{"type":"tag","name":"p","attribs":{},"children":[{"data":"Think of this no-turn composter like a personal trash incinerator fueled by Mother Nature; just install it on a patch of unpaved ground and feed it your scraps.","type":"text"}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}]}]},{"data":"\n","type":"text"}],"bodyContent":"Based on our lab results and planting tests, we can confidently say that adding food-recycler grounds to your garden or potted plants is a bad idea. But some people might still find a use for them. You can use the output to speed up compost. You could mix the dehydrated matter with browns (cardboard or dry leaves) and add them to an existing compost pile. But you’d have to add water because the microbes that are digesting the matter like it moist. “Something that is actually grinding that material down for you does help kickstart that composting process,” Lindsey Slaughter said. “So it would speed up the overall time needed for composting.” You can use them to pause composting in winter. These machines might also come in handy during cold winter months, when your outdoor compost bin fills up faster than your compost breaks down. Since the dehydrated food scraps can be stored for several months, you can save the stuff until the weather is warm enough for your compost microbes to return to work. But, again, you will have to add water—another crucial resource in addition to the electricity needed to run the machines. You can use them to reduce your trash volume. Around 10% of US municipalities have adopted a pay-as-you-throw program, in which residents are charged for the collection of household trash according to weight or volume. And dehydrating your food waste by 75% to 90% can certainly make a difference in the heft of your trash. But critically, if you still throw the grounds in the trash, you do nothing to reduce your environmental footprint. Your (smaller) food scraps will likely end up in the landfill or be incinerated. Composting expert Xavier DeRoos, founder of composting service Renüable, said if you don’t do backyard composting, it would be best to pair your food recycler’s output with a composting program, to properly divert the material from the landfill. He suggested contacting your municipality and asking about municipal composting programs or community composters in your area. Otherwise, he said, “the methane is still being produced and just released in a separate timeline.” You might donate the stuff to chickens. Mill takes the guessing game out of what to do with your scraps by offering an alternative model. Although you can add the Mill grounds to your existing compost, your municipal garbage, or your green bin, there’s an alternative approach. For a $10 monthly subscription fee, you can order prepaid, plastic-lined boxes from Mill, have USPS pick them up, and send them to Mill. The company gives the grounds to small farms, which use them as chicken feed, a recycling method that’s more beneficial than composting, according to the EPA’s Wasted Food Scale. (You can also feed the grounds to your own chickens.) If you’ve been curious about these machines because you want to do something good for the planet, these food recyclers are probably not the way to go. Try to waste less food. Start a backyard compost. Or look for composting options in your area, such as farms, community composting programs, or microhaulers that pick up food scraps. Chances are good that there are options nearby, so your ice cream maker doesn’t have to fight for counter space with yet another newfangled kitchen appliance. This piece was edited by Ben Frumin, Katie Okamoto, and Marguerite Preston.","title":"So what are food recyclers actually good for?","slug":"so-what-are-food-recyclers-actually-good-for","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":null},{"body":null,"bodyContent":null,"title":"Sources","slug":"sources","chapterModifiedDate":null,"chapterPublishedDate":null,"faqs":null,"footnotes":null,"sources":[{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"Dr. Lindsey Slaughter","title":"associate professor","publication":"Soil Microbial Ecology/Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, video interview, April 8, 2024, email interviews, May 22, 2024 and July 1, 2024","url":"https://www.depts.ttu.edu/research/cotton/bios/lindsey-slaughter.php","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":"April 12, 2024","author":"Xavier DeRoos","title":"owner/founder of Renüable","publication":"video interview","url":"https://liverenuable.com/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":"August 15, 2024","author":"Dr. Anthony Lau","title":"associate professor, Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia","publication":"video interview","url":"https://chbe.ubc.ca/anthony-lau/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"Robert Pavlis","title":"author of Microbe Science for Gardeners","publication":"video interview, May 3, 2024, email interview, May 3, 2024","url":"https://wclink.co/link/65881/0/4/200028/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"Gina M. Talt","title":"food systems project manager at the Sustainable Composting Research at Princeton (S.C.R.A.P.) Lab","publication":"video interview April, 11, 2024, email interview, July 12, 2024","url":"https://sustain.princeton.edu/people/gina-m-talt","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":"April 8, 2024","author":"Sintana Vergara","title":"associate professor, Swarthmore College","publication":"video interview","url":"","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":"May 30, 2024","author":"Stefano Carattini","title":"assistant professor, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University","publication":"video interview","url":"https://aysps.gsu.edu/profile/stefano-carattini/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"Suzy Sammons","title":"head of communications and marketing at Mill","publication":"email interviews, April 2 and April 9, 2024","url":"https://www.mill.com/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"Samantha Eves","title":"director, marketing and consumer experience, Lomi","publication":"email interviews, July 9, July 23, August 7, and October 10, 2024","url":"https://lomi.com/","text":""},{"dateLocalDisplay":null,"author":"David Kim","title":"COO, Reencle","publication":"email interviews, May 3, July 30, and August 1, 2024","url":"https://reencle.co/","text":""}]}],"note":null,"toc":{"enabled":true,"title":null,"mobileExpanded":true},"reviewFAQ":{"expand":null,"faq":[]},"highlights":null,"primarySection":{"name":"Sustainability","link":"/climate-forward/"},"auxiliarySection":{"name":"How to reduce food waste","link":"/climate-forward/how-to-reduce-food-waste/"},"primaryTerms":["climate-forward"],"auxiliaryTerms":["kitchen-dining","gardening","how-to-reduce-food-waste"],"liveBlogPost":{"isLiveBlogPost":false,"about":null,"coverageStartDate":null,"coverageEndDate":null},"promoNote":{"title":"Early Black Friday Deals","body":"[{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"p\",\"attribs\":{},\"children\":[{\"data\":\"It's almost Black Friday! See the \",\"type\":\"text\"},{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"a\",\"attribs\":{\"href\":\"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/money/best-early-black-friday-deals-2024-1114/\"},\"children\":[{\"data\":\"best Black Friday deals\",\"type\":\"text\"}]},{\"data\":\" our experts have found so far. \",\"type\":\"text\"}]},{\"data\":\"\\n\",\"type\":\"text\"},{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"p\",\"attribs\":{},\"children\":[{\"data\":\"And sign up for \",\"type\":\"text\"},{\"type\":\"tag\",\"name\":\"a\",\"attribs\":{\"href\":\"https://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/the-recommendation\"},\"children\":[{\"data\":\"Wirecutter's daily newsletter\",\"type\":\"text\"}]},{\"data\":\" to get our favorite deals sent straight to your inbox.\",\"type\":\"text\"}]},{\"data\":\"\\n\",\"type\":\"text\"}]"},"adTags":[],"bylineOverride":null,"dealsBanner":[],"objectID":"RE418541","objectType":"review","pattern":"/reviews/"},"gtmDataLayer":{"objectID":"RE418541","objectPrimaryTerm":"climate-forward","objectAuxiliaryTerms":"kitchen-dining,gardening,how-to-reduce-food-waste","objectAuthors":"sabine-heinlein","platform":"wirecutter","dealsBannerLength":0,"tocLength":10,"tocDefault":true},"linkedContent":[],"relatedContent":[],"hasNewsletterShortcode":false},"isCatalogPage":false,"isMakeAPlanPage":false,"isProductFinder":false,"isNewsletterLandingPage":false,"isSearchPage":false,"isSimplifiedHeader":false,"shouldBypassRegiWall":false,"shouldBypassPayWall":false,"shouldShowWelcomeMoment":false,"commitHashes":{"yeti":"434d4525b696dd1d23ecc2040558e9efedc4a949","minotaur":"b73e63e0f27ac7d14aa8032c2bfd0b13f7a9d743","siren":"3904cd7cf23f7fb03870751084398bbe5b0cd747"}},"page":"/review","query":{"name":"countertop-composter-food-recyclers"},"buildId":"Qnqi18y7LqQDrh1KRTyBu","assetPrefix":"https://siren-production.freetls.fastly.net","isFallback":false,"customServer":true,"gip":true,"appGip":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>