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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">North Korean defector</div> <p> <b>Kim Kuk-song</b> (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: <span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">김국성</span></span>) is the pseudonym of a <a href="/wiki/North_Korean_defectors" title="North Korean defectors">North Korean defector</a>. He served for 30 years in North Korean intelligence agencies and rose to the rank of senior colonel. Kim defected to South Korea following the execution of <a href="/wiki/Jang_Song-thaek" title="Jang Song-thaek">Jang Song-thaek</a> with whom he had political connections. Following the defection he provided information on a number of intelligence operations he had been involved with. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Kuk-song&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kim Kuk-song is a pseudonym; his real name has not been disclosed. He worked for 30 years in a number of North Korean intelligence agencies and rose to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Sa_(rank)" title="Sa (rank)">daechwa</a> (senior colonel). Kim has stated that he personally directed a number of spies to enter South Korea to carry out political subordination in the early 1990s, including one spy who worked for more than five years in the <a href="/wiki/Blue_House" title="Blue House">Blue House</a>, residence of the South Korean president. During the <a href="/wiki/1990s_North_Korean_famine" title="1990s North Korean famine">1990s North Korean famine</a> Kim said that he formed a unit to <a href="/wiki/Illicit_activities_of_North_Korea" title="Illicit activities of North Korea">manufacture crystal meth to raise foreign currency for the regime</a>. Kim also stated that he personally directed North Korean personnel to carry out the attempted assassination of defector <a href="/wiki/Hwang_Jang-yop" title="Hwang Jang-yop">Hwang Jang-yop</a> in 2010, for which two North Korean majors were arrested and imprisoned by South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kim led a privileged life in North Korea. He was permitted to travel abroad freely to sell rare metals and coal, the cash payment for which he carried in his suitcase on his return trip. He had made senior political connections by means of marriage that allowed him to transfer between different North Korean intelligence agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was granted use of a Mercedes-Benz car by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Kyong-hui" title="Kim Kyong-hui">Kim Kyong-hui</a>, the sister of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Il" title="Kim Jong Il">Kim Jong Il</a>, leader of North Korea from 1994 to 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-chosun_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chosun-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kim Kyong-hui's husband, the senior political figure <a href="/wiki/Jang_Song-thaek" title="Jang Song-thaek">Jang Song-thaek</a>, was executed by Kim Jong Il's son and new leader <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Un" title="Kim Jong Un">Kim Jong Un</a> in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kim Kuk-song was abroad at the time he discovered this and feared he would be subject to execution under a follow-up purge.<sup id="cite_ref-chosun_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chosun-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kim subsequently defected to South Korea with his family in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of his defection he was serving with the <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">Reconnaissance General Bureau</a>, North Korea's foreign intelligence agency. He is thought to be the most senior military official to ever defect.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since his defection, Kim has lived in Seoul.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahead of the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">November 2024 US presidential election</a>, he commented on what he believed the risks of a future US president engaging in diplomacy with North Korea were, an act he thought would embolden the regime and risk "sidelining" South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-chosun_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chosun-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Kuk-song&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-58838834">"Drugs, arms, and terror: A high-profile defector on Kim's North Korea"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 10 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Drugs%2C+arms%2C+and+terror%3A+A+high-profile+defector+on+Kim%27s+North+Korea&rft.date=2021-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-58838834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Kuk-song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chosun-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chosun_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chosun_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chosun_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeePark2024" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Dong-hoon; Park, Su-hyeon (22 September 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chosun.com/english/north-korea-en/2024/09/22/JXU2OPZTIBHZ3JFTCX5GLDQY6I/">"Defector speaks out: How North Korea's diplomatic maneuvers could isolate South Korea"</a>. <i>The Chosun Daily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chosun+Daily&rft.atitle=Defector+speaks+out%3A+How+North+Korea%27s+diplomatic+maneuvers+could+isolate+South+Korea&rft.date=2024-09-22&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Dong-hoon&rft.au=Park%2C+Su-hyeon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chosun.com%2Fenglish%2Fnorth-korea-en%2F2024%2F09%2F22%2FJXU2OPZTIBHZ3JFTCX5GLDQY6I%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Kuk-song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-36012288">"N Korea senior intelligence officer 'defects to South'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 11 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=N+Korea+senior+intelligence+officer+%27defects+to+South%27&rft.date=2016-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-36012288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKim+Kuk-song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Koryo-saram">Former Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_the_Philippines#North_Koreans" title="Koreans in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_defectors_in_Thailand" title="North Korean defectors in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Koreans in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Defectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former politicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Fng_Sangjin" title="Chŏng Sangjin">Chŏng Sangjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwang_Jang-yop" title="Hwang Jang-yop">Hwang Jang-yop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jang_Jin-sung" title="Jang Jin-sung">Jang Jin-sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Chol-hwan" title="Kang Chol-hwan">Kang Chol-hwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Kil-nam" title="Oh Kil-nam">Oh Kil-nam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pak_Sung-won" title="Pak Sung-won">Pak Sung-won</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryu_Mi-yong" title="Ryu Mi-yong">Ryu Mi-yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryu_Hyun-woo_(diplomat)" title="Ryu Hyun-woo (diplomat)">Ryu Hyun-woo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tae_Yong-ho" title="Tae Yong-ho">Tae Yong-ho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former spies<br />or soldiers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_Myeong-jin" title="An Myeong-jin">An Myeong-jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jang_Gil-su" title="Jang Gil-su">Jang Gil-su</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeong_Su-il" title="Jeong Su-il">Jeong Su-il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_Gyeong-suk" title="Jin Gyeong-suk">Jin Gyeong-suk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joo_Seong-ha" title="Joo Seong-ha">Joo Seong-ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Hyon-hui" title="Kim Hyon-hui">Kim Hyon-hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Shin-jo" title="Kim Shin-jo">Kim Shin-jo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Sang-jo" title="Lee Sang-jo">Lee Sang-jo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Kum-sok" title="No Kum-sok">No Kum-sok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Chong-song" title="Oh Chong-song">Oh Chong-song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_Jong-nam" title="Son Jong-nam">Son Jong-nam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xianjian" title="Zhu Xianjian">Zhu Xianjian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeong_Kwang-il" title="Jeong Kwang-il">Jeong Kwang-il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Seong-ho" title="Ji Seong-ho">Ji Seong-ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Seong-min_(defector)" title="Kim Seong-min (defector)">Kim Seong-min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Ae-ran" title="Lee Ae-ran">Lee Ae-ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hyeon-seo" title="Lee Hyeon-seo">Lee Hyeon-seo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Sang-hak" title="Park Sang-hak">Park Sang-hak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Buck" title="Phillip Buck">Phillip Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_Dong-hyuk" title="Shin Dong-hyuk">Shin Dong-hyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeonmi_Park" title="Yeonmi Park">Yeonmi Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoo_Sang-joon" title="Yoo Sang-joon">Yoo Sang-joon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authors and artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_Hyuk" title="An Hyuk">An Hyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaehoon_Ahn" title="Jaehoon Ahn">Jaehoon Ahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Chun-hyok" title="Kang Chun-hyok">Kang Chun-hyok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Cheol-woong" title="Kim Cheol-woong">Kim Cheol-woong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Soon-ok" title="Lee Soon-ok">Lee Soon-ok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaji_Ishikawa" title="Masaji Ishikawa">Masaji Ishikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seong_Hye-rang" title="Seong Hye-rang">Seong Hye-rang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Han-yong" title="Yi Han-yong">Yi Han-yong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Athletes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choi_Kwang-hyouk" title="Choi Kwang-hyouk">Choi Kwang-hyouk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Gyong-hui" title="Li Gyong-hui">Li Gyong-hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mun_Ki-nam" title="Mun Ki-nam">Mun Ki-nam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yun_Myung-chan" title="Yun Myung-chan">Yun Myung-chan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cho_Myung-chul" title="Cho Myung-chul">Cho Myung-chul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jang_Yeong-jin" title="Jang Yeong-jin">Jang Yeong-jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihyun_Park" title="Jihyun Park">Jihyun Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyong_Won-ha" title="Kyong Won-ha">Kyong Won-ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ri_Jong-yol" title="Ri Jong-yol">Ri Jong-yol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoFa_Seven" title="MoFa Seven">MoFa Seven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advocacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Human_Rights_in_North_Korea" title="Committee for Human Rights in North Korea">Committee for Human Rights in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_Center_for_North_Korean_Human_Rights" title="Database Center for North Korean Human Rights">Database Center for North Korean Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Coalition_to_Stop_Crimes_Against_Humanity_in_North_Korea" title="International Coalition to Stop Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea">International Coalition to Stop Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_for_North_Korean_Democracy_and_Human_Rights" title="Network for North Korean Democracy and Human Rights">Network for North Korean Democracy and Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_Intellectuals_Solidarity" title="North Korea Intellectuals Solidarity">North Korea Intellectuals Solidarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_Strategy_Center" title="North Korea Strategy Center">North Korea Strategy Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_for_Successful_Corean_Reunification" title="People for Successful Corean Reunification">People for Successful Corean Reunification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimjingang" title="Rimjingang">Rimjingang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Escape aid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durihana" title="Durihana">Durihana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_in_North_Korea" title="Liberty in North Korea">Liberty in North Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resettlement aid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Unification" title="Ministry of Unification">Ministry of Unification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanawon" title="Hanawon">Hanawon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangyeore_High_School" title="Hangyeore High School">Hangyeore High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HanVoice" title="HanVoice">HanVoice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Dream_School" title="Heavenly Dream School">Heavenly Dream School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saejowi" title="Saejowi">Saejowi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Militant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donkey_Squads_(Korean_War)" title="Donkey Squads (Korean War)">Donkey Squads (Korean War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighters_for_a_Free_North_Korea" title="Fighters for a Free North Korea">Fighters for a Free North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Joseon" title="Free Joseon">Free Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_People%27s_Liberation_Front" title="North Korean People's Liberation Front">North Korean People's Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Shirts_Society" title="White Shirts Society">White Shirts Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Activists<br />(Non-North Korean)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Hong" title="Adrian Hong">Adrian Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choe_Deok-geun" title="Choe Deok-geun">Choe Deok-geun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Song" title="Hannah Song">Hannah Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyeon_Soo_Lim" title="Hyeon Soo Lim">Hyeon Soo Lim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Bae" title="Kenneth Bae">Kenneth Bae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Kim" title="Mike Kim">Mike Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Vollertsen" title="Norbert Vollertsen">Norbert Vollertsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Dong-shik" title="Kim Dong-shik">Kim Dong-shik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Park_(activist)" title="Robert Park (activist)">Robert Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">North Korean response</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamhung_concentration_camp" title="Hamhung concentration camp">Hamhung concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_North_Korea" title="Human rights in North Korea">Human rights in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kin_punishment#North_Korea" title="Kin punishment">Kin punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_General_Bureau" title="Reconnaissance General Bureau">Reconnaissance General Bureau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Policy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_North_Koreans_by_the_South_Korean_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Deportation of North Koreans by the South Korean government">Deportation of North Koreans by the South Korean government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">North Korea–South Korea relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_Defectors%27_Day" title="North Korean Defectors' Day">North Korean Defectors' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_Human_Rights_Act_of_2004" title="North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004">North Korean Human Rights Act of 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_nationality_law" title="South Korean nationality law">South Korean nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_North_Korean_citizens" title="Visa requirements for North Korean citizens">Visa requirements for North Korean citizens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Korean_sentiment" title="Anti-Korean sentiment">Anti-Korean sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balloon_propaganda_campaigns_in_Korea" title="Balloon propaganda campaigns in Korea">Balloon propaganda campaigns in Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93North_Korea_border" title="China–North Korea border">China–North Korea border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Demilitarized_Zone" title="Korean Demilitarized Zone">Korean Demilitarized Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fact-finding_reports_on_human_rights_in_North_Korea" title="List of fact-finding reports on human rights in North Korea">List of fact-finding reports on human rights in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_famine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean famine">North Korean famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_differences_in_the_Korean_language" title="North–South differences in the Korean language">North–South differences in the Korean language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumen_River" title="Tumen River">Tumen River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalu_River" title="Yalu River">Yalu River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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