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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS%E2%80%9357" title="STS–57 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="STS–57" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="STS-57" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q71962#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1993 American crewed spaceflight</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">STS-57</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:STS057-89-042.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/STS057-89-042.jpg/260px-STS057-89-042.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/STS057-89-042.jpg/390px-STS057-89-042.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/STS057-89-042.jpg/520px-STS057-89-042.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3006" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s payload bay, with the <a href="/wiki/Space_habitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Space habitat">SpaceHab</a> module (foreground), <a href="/wiki/European_Retrievable_Carrier" title="European Retrievable Carrier">EURECA</a> (background), and astronauts David Low and Peter Wisoff performing an <a href="/wiki/Extravehicular_activity" title="Extravehicular activity">EVA</a> (center).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space_Transportation_System" title="Space Transportation System">Space Transportation System</a>-57</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/European_Retrievable_Carrier" title="European Retrievable Carrier">EURECA</a> satellite retrieval<br />Bioscience research</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1993-037A">1993-037A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71962#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">22684<span style="float:right"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71962?uselang=en#P377" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">9 days, 23 hours, 44 minutes, 54 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distance travelled</th><td class="infobox-data">6,627,338 km (4,118,037 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbits completed</th><td class="infobox-data">155</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour"><i>Endeavour</i></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">2,048,631 kg (4,516,458 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing mass</th><td class="infobox-data">101,827 kg (224,490 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Payload mass</th><td class="infobox-data">13,074 kg (28,823 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Crew</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Crew size</th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Ronald J. Grabe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Duffy_(astronaut)" title="Brian Duffy (astronaut)">Brian Duffy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/G._David_Low" title="G. David Low">G. David Low</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._Currie-Gregg" title="Nancy J. Currie-Gregg">Nancy J. Currie-Gregg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wisoff" title="Peter Wisoff">Peter Wisoff</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Janice_E._Voss" title="Janice E. Voss">Janice E. Voss</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Spacewalk" class="mw-redirect" title="Spacewalk">EVAs</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Spacewalk" class="mw-redirect" title="Spacewalk">EVA</a> duration</th><td class="infobox-data">5 hours and 50 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">June 21, 1993, 13:07:22<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">June 21, 1993, 13:07:22</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> (9:07:22<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39B" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39B">LC-39B</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell International</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing date</th><td class="infobox-data">July 1, 1993, 12:52:16<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">July 1, 1993, 12:52:16</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>UTC (8:52:16<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span>EDT)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing site</th><td class="infobox-data">Kennedy, <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_Landing_Facility" title="Shuttle Landing Facility">SLF Runway 33</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Perigee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">402 km (250 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Apogee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">471 km (293 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">28.45°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">93.30 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Instruments</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Fluid Acquisition and Resupply Experiment (FARE)<br />Liquid Encapsulated Melt Zone (LEMZ)<br />Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX-II)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sts-57-patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sts-57-patch.png/180px-Sts-57-patch.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sts-57-patch.png/270px-Sts-57-patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Sts-57-patch.png/360px-Sts-57-patch.png 2x" data-file-width="2835" data-file-height="2785" /></a></span><br />STS-57 mission patch<br /> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sts-57_crew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Sts-57_crew.jpg/220px-Sts-57_crew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Sts-57_crew.jpg/330px-Sts-57_crew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Sts-57_crew.jpg/440px-Sts-57_crew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7920" data-file-height="6520" /></a></span><br />Back row: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Wisoff" title="Peter Wisoff">Wisoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._Currie-Gregg" title="Nancy J. Currie-Gregg">Currie-Gregg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janice_E._Voss" title="Janice E. Voss">Voss</a> and <a href="/wiki/G._David_Low" title="G. David Low">Low</a><br />Front row: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Duffy_(astronaut)" title="Brian Duffy (astronaut)">Duffy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Grabe</a><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a> (55)</div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a> (57) →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>STS-57</b> was a <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a>-<a href="/wiki/Space_habitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Space habitat">Spacehab</a> mission of <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour"><i>Endeavour</i></a> that launched June 21, 1993, from <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crew">Crew</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Crew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:150px;"><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Position</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width:200px;">Astronaut </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Commander </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Ronald J. Grabe</a><br />Fourth and last spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Pilot </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Duffy_(astronaut)" title="Brian Duffy (astronaut)">Brian Duffy</a><br />Second spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 1<br />Payload Commander </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/G._David_Low" title="G. David Low">G. David Low</a><br />Third and last spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 2<br />Flight Engineer </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._Currie-Gregg" title="Nancy J. Currie-Gregg">Nancy J. Currie-Gregg</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 3 </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wisoff" title="Peter Wisoff">Peter Wisoff</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 4 </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Janice_E._Voss" title="Janice E. Voss">Janice E. Voss</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spacewalk">Spacewalk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Spacewalk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Personnel</b>: Low and Wisoff</li> <li><b>Date</b>: June 25, 1993 (13:07–18:57 UTC)<sup id="cite_ref-spacefacts_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacefacts-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Duration</b>: 5 hours and 50 minutes</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crew_seat_assignments">Crew seat assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Crew seat assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Seat<sup id="cite_ref-spacefacts_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacefacts-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Launch </th> <th>Landing </th> <td rowspan="8"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/150px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/225px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/300px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="834" /></a></span><br />Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.<br />Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck. </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td colspan="2">Grabe </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td colspan="2">Duffy </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td>Low </td> <td>Wisoff </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="nowrap">Currie-Gregg</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td>Wisoff </td> <td>Low </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td colspan="2">Voss </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgray"><i>Unused</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_highlights">Mission highlights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mission highlights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg/220px-1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg/330px-1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg/440px-1993_s57_Liftoff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Liftoff of STS-57</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg/220px-EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg/330px-EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg/440px-EURECA_berth_STS-57.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/European_Retrievable_Carrier" title="European Retrievable Carrier">EURECA</a> is stowed by <i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s remote manipulator system (<a href="/wiki/Canadarm" title="Canadarm">Canadarm</a>).</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Attempt</th> <th>Planned</th> <th>Result</th> <th>Turnaround</th> <th>Reason</th> <th>Decision point</th> <th>Weather go (%)</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-06-20 9:37 !">20 Jun 1993, 9:37:00 am</span></td> <td>Scrubbed</td> <td>—</td> <td>Weather</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-06-20 10:43 !">20 Jun 1993, 10:43 am</span> (T−00:05:00)</td> <td></td> <td>Low clouds at KSC and Transoceanic Abort Landing (TAL) sites.<sup id="cite_ref-STIsummary_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STIsummary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The attempt occurred on pilot Duffy's 40th birthday.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1993-06-21 9:07:22 !">21 Jun 1993, 9:07:22 am</span></td> <td>Success</td> <td>0 days 23 hours 30 minutes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Countdown held at T−5 minutes due to an intruding aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-STIsummary_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STIsummary-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The mission was launched on the <a href="/wiki/Summer_solstice" title="Summer solstice">summer solstice</a>. During the course of the ten-day flight, the astronauts successfully conducted scores of <a href="/wiki/Biomedical" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomedical">biomedical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">materials sciences</a> experiments inside the pressurized <a href="/wiki/Space_habitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Space habitat">SPACEHAB</a> module. Two astronauts participated in a <a href="/wiki/Extravehicular_activity" title="Extravehicular activity">spacewalk</a> (EVA) and <a href="/wiki/European_Retrievable_Carrier" title="European Retrievable Carrier">European Retrievable Carrier</a> (EURECA) was retrieved by the crew and stowed inside <i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s payload bay. EURECA had been deployed from the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Space Shuttle <i>Atlantis</i></a> in August 1992 (<a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a>) and contained several experiments to study the long-term effects of exposure to <a href="/wiki/Micro-g_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Micro-g environment">microgravity</a>. </p><p>An improperly installed electrical connector on <i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Remote Manipulator System (<a href="/wiki/Canadarm" title="Canadarm">Canadarm</a>), installed 180° off its correct position, prevented EURECA from recharging its batteries with orbiter power. A flight rule requiring antenna stowage was waived and EURECA was lowered into the payload bay without latching its antenna. <a href="/wiki/Mission_specialist" title="Mission specialist">Mission specialists</a> David Low and Peter Wisoff safely secured EURECA's dual antennas against the science satellite during the spacewalk. David Low was mounted on a foot restraint on the end of <i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s robotic arm while Mission specialist <a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._Currie-Gregg" title="Nancy J. Currie-Gregg">Nancy J. Currie-Gregg</a> positioned the arm so David Low could gently push the arms against EURECA's latch mechanisms. Payload controllers then drove the latches to secure each antenna. The five-hour, fifty-minute spacewalk completed STS-57 mission's primary goal of retrieving the EURECA science satellite. Afterwards, Low and Wisoff completed maneuvers for an abbreviated extravehicular activity (EVA) Detailed Test Objective (DTO) using the robot arm. Activities associated with each of the areas of investigation — mass handling, mass fine alignment and high torque — were completed with both EVA crewmen taking turns on the robot arm. Low and Wisoff wrapped up their spacewalk and returned to Endeavour's airlock shortly before 3:00 p.m. <a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">CDT</a>. </p><p>During the rest of the mission, the crew worked on experiments in the <a href="/wiki/Astrotech_Corporation" title="Astrotech Corporation">Spacehab module</a> in the Shuttle's lower deck. These experiments included studying body posture, the spacecraft environment, <a href="/wiki/Crystal_growth" title="Crystal growth">crystal growth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">metal alloys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reclaimed_water" title="Reclaimed water">wastewater recycling</a> and the behavior of <a href="/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid">fluids</a>. Among the experiments was an evaluation of maintenance equipment that may be used on <a href="/wiki/Space_Station_Freedom" title="Space Station Freedom">Space Station Freedom</a>. The diagnostic equipment portion of the Tools and Diagnostics System experiment was performed by Nancy J. Currie-Gregg. Using electronics test instruments including an <a href="/wiki/Oscilloscope" title="Oscilloscope">oscilloscope</a> and electrical test meter, Currie-Gregg conducted tests on a mock <a href="/wiki/Printed_circuit_board" title="Printed circuit board">printed circuit board</a> and communicated with ground controllers via computer messages on suggested repair procedures and their results. </p><p>On June 22, 1993, all six crew members talked with <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">President Clinton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-STS-57_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STS-57-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, Brian Duffy and Jeff Wisoff ran experiments in transferring fluids in <a href="/wiki/Weightlessness" title="Weightlessness">weightlessness</a> without creating bubbles in the fluid. The experiment, called the Fluid Acquisition and Resupply Experiment (FARE), studied filters and processes that could improve methods of refueling spacecraft in orbit. By transferring water between 61 cm (24 in)-diameter transparent tanks on <i>Endeavour</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s middeck, engineers evaluated how the fluids behaved while the shuttle's steering jets fired for small maneuvers. Janice Voss worked on the Liquid Encapsulated Melt Zone (LEMZ) experiment, which used a process called <a href="/wiki/Zone_melting" title="Zone melting">floating zone crystal growth</a>. The low-gravity conditions of space flight permit large crystals to be grown in space. </p><p>Ron Grabe, Brian Duffy and Janice Voss participated in the <a href="/wiki/Neutral_body_posture" title="Neutral body posture">Neutral Body Position</a> study. Flight surgeons had noted on previous flights that the body's basic posture changes while in microgravity. This postural change, sometimes called the "zero-g crouch", is in addition to the 26 mm (1.0 in) to 51 mm (2.0 in) lengthening of the <a href="/wiki/Spinal_fusion" title="Spinal fusion">spine</a> during space missions. To better document this phenomenon over the duration of a space mission, still and <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a> photography of crew members in a relaxed position were taken early and late in the mission. Researchers included these findings in the design specifications of future spacecraft to make work stations and living areas more efficient and comfortable for astronauts. </p><p>Currie-Gregg conducted the electronics procedures portion of the Human Factors Assessment. She set up a work platform, then hooked up a <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">notebook computer</a> and went through a simulated computer procedure for a space station propulsion system. </p><p>On June 28, 1993, Currie-Gregg performed an impromptu plumbing job on the Environmental Control Systems Flight Experiment, a study of wastewater purification equipment that may be used aboard future spacecraft. The EFE used a solution of water and potassium iodide to simulate wastewater, which was then pumped through a series of filters to purify it. During the flight, experimenters observed a reduced flow of water through the device and opted to perform maintenance. Currie-Gregg loosened a fitting on one water line inside the experiment, wrapped the loose fitting with an absorbent diaper, and, using a <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptop</a> computer on board, reversed a pump on the experiment for about 20 minutes in an attempt to flush out the clog. She then retightened the fitting and resumed normal operation of the experiment. Ground experimenters proceeded to monitor the EFE for about an hour and a half to ensure the clog had been cleared. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_insignia">Mission insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mission insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The five stars and shape of the robotic arm of the insignia symbolize the flight's numerical designation in the <a href="/wiki/Space_Transportation_System" title="Space Transportation System">Space Transportation System</a>'s mission sequence. The SpaceHab overall contours are represented as the inner red lining of the patch. Also visible is the EURECA, with 3 yellow contrails, that are representative of the astronaut insignia (EURECA replacing the traditional star atop), with the orbiter circling the <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-spacefacts-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spacefacts_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spacefacts_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em 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.cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-57.htm">"STS-57"</a>. Spacefacts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-57&rft.pub=Spacefacts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspacefacts.de%2Fmission%2Fenglish%2Fsts-57.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-57" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STIsummary-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-STIsummary_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-STIsummary_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeglerBennett2011" class="citation web cs1">Legler, Robert D.; Bennett, Floyd V. (September 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sma.nasa.gov/SignificantIncidents/assets/space-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf">"Space Shuttle Missions Summary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program Office</i>. NASA. pp. <span class="nowrap">66–</span>67. NASA/TM–2011–216142. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021052010/https://sma.nasa.gov/SignificantIncidents/assets/space-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+and+Technical+Information+%28STI%29+Program+Office&rft.atitle=Space+Shuttle+Missions+Summary&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E66-%3C%2Fspan%3E67&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.aulast=Legler&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Floyd+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsma.nasa.gov%2FSignificantIncidents%2Fassets%2Fspace-shuttle-missions-summary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-57" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeary1993" class="citation news cs1">Leary, Warren E. (June 21, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/21/us/rainy-weather-delays-launching-of-endeavour.html">"Rainy Weather Delays Launching of Endeavour"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110221081411/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/21/us/rainy-weather-delays-launching-of-endeavour.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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</li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-57&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-57/mission-sts-57.html">NASA mission summary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090228141105/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-57/mission-sts-57.html">Archived</a> February 28, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle56.htm">STS-57 Video Highlights</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715075939/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle56.htm">Archived</a> July 15, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Space_Shuttle_Endeavour_(OV-105)" style="text-align: left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Template:Space Shuttle Endeavour"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Template talk:Space Shuttle Endeavour"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space Shuttle Endeavour"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_Shuttle_Endeavour_(OV-105)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Space Shuttle <i>Endeavour</i></a> (OV-105)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align: top;">Flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">STS-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-47" title="STS-47">STS-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-59" title="STS-59">STS-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-68" title="STS-68">STS-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">STS-67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-69" title="STS-69">STS-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-89" title="STS-89">STS-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-88" title="STS-88">STS-88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-99" title="STS-99">STS-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-97" title="STS-97">STS-97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-100" title="STS-100">STS-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-108" title="STS-108">STS-108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-111" title="STS-111">STS-111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-113" title="STS-113">STS-113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-118" title="STS-118">STS-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-123" title="STS-123">STS-123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-126" title="STS-126">STS-126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-127" title="STS-127">STS-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-130" title="STS-130">STS-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-134" title="STS-134">STS-134</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-STS-123_Dextre%26Kibo_ELM-PS_in_orbit_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3680" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align: top;">Status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Retired</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align: top;">On display</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Science_Center" title="California Science Center">California Science Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template talk:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">U.S. Space Shuttle missions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Completed<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">(crews)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1977 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Approach_and_Landing_Tests" title="Approach and Landing Tests">Approach and Landing Tests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-2" title="STS-2">STS-2</a></li></ul></li> <li>1982 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-3" title="STS-3">STS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-4" title="STS-4">STS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-5" title="STS-5">STS-5</a></li></ul></li> <li>1983 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-6" title="STS-6">STS-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-7" title="STS-7">STS-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-8" title="STS-8">STS-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a></li></ul></li> <li>1984 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-B" title="STS-41-B">STS-41-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-C" title="STS-41-C">STS-41-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-D" title="STS-41-D">STS-41-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-G" title="STS-41-G">STS-41-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-A" title="STS-51-A">STS-51-A</a></li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-B" title="STS-51-B">STS-51-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-F" title="STS-51-F">STS-51-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J">STS-51-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a></li></ul></li> <li>1986 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-C" title="STS-61-C">STS-61-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-L" title="STS-51-L">STS-51-L</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>1988 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-26" title="STS-26">STS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-27" title="STS-27">STS-27</a></li></ul></li> <li>1989 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-29" title="STS-29">STS-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-30" title="STS-30">STS-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-34" title="STS-34">STS-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-33" title="STS-33">STS-33</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-32" title="STS-32">STS-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-36" title="STS-36">STS-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-31" title="STS-31">STS-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41" title="STS-41">STS-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-38" title="STS-38">STS-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">STS-35</a></li></ul></li> <li>1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-37" title="STS-37">STS-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-40" title="STS-40">STS-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-43" title="STS-43">STS-43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a></li></ul></li> <li>1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">STS-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">STS-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-50" title="STS-50">STS-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-47" title="STS-47">STS-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-52" title="STS-52">STS-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">STS-53</a></li></ul></li> <li>1993 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56">STS-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></li></ul></li> <li>1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-60" title="STS-60">STS-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62" title="STS-62">STS-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-59" title="STS-59">STS-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-65" title="STS-65">STS-65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-68" title="STS-68">STS-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-63" title="STS-63">STS-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">STS-67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-71" title="STS-71">STS-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-70" title="STS-70">STS-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-69" title="STS-69">STS-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-73" title="STS-73">STS-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-74" title="STS-74">STS-74</a></li></ul></li> <li>1996 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a></li></ul></li> <li>1997 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-81" title="STS-81">STS-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-82" title="STS-82">STS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-83" title="STS-83">STS-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-84" title="STS-84">STS-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-94" title="STS-94">STS-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-85" title="STS-85">STS-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-86" title="STS-86">STS-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-87" title="STS-87">STS-87</a></li></ul></li> <li>1998 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-89" title="STS-89">STS-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-90" title="STS-90">STS-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-91" title="STS-91">STS-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-95" title="STS-95">STS-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-88" title="STS-88">STS-88</a></li></ul></li> <li>1999 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-96" title="STS-96">STS-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-93" title="STS-93">STS-93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-103" title="STS-103">STS-103</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-99" title="STS-99">STS-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-101" title="STS-101">STS-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-106" title="STS-106">STS-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-92" title="STS-92">STS-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-97" title="STS-97">STS-97</a></li></ul></li> <li>2001 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-98" title="STS-98">STS-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-100" title="STS-100">STS-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-104" title="STS-104">STS-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-105" title="STS-105">STS-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-108" title="STS-108">STS-108</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-109" title="STS-109">STS-109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-110" title="STS-110">STS-110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-111" title="STS-111">STS-111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-112" title="STS-112">STS-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-113" title="STS-113">STS-113</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-121" title="STS-121">STS-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-116" title="STS-116">STS-116</a></li></ul></li> <li>2007 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-117" title="STS-117">STS-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-118" title="STS-118">STS-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-120" title="STS-120">STS-120</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-123" title="STS-123">STS-123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-124" title="STS-124">STS-124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-126" title="STS-126">STS-126</a></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-119" title="STS-119">STS-119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-125" title="STS-125">STS-125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-127" title="STS-127">STS-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-128" title="STS-128">STS-128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-130" title="STS-130">STS-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-131" title="STS-131">STS-131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-132" title="STS-132">STS-132</a></li></ul></li> <li>2011 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-133" title="STS-133">STS-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-134" title="STS-134">STS-134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-135" title="STS-135">STS-135</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Cancelled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-41-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-E" title="STS-61-E">STS-61-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-F" title="STS-61-F">STS-61-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-G" title="STS-61-G">STS-61-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-H" title="STS-61-H">STS-61-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62-A" title="STS-62-A">STS-62-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-M" title="STS-61-M">STS-61-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-J" title="STS-61-J">STS-61-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-3xx" title="STS-3xx">STS-3xx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-400" title="STS-400">STS-400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Orbiters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Atlantis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger">Challenger</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">report</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia">Columbia</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Accident_Investigation_Board" title="Columbia Accident Investigation Board">investigation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Discovery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup> indicates failure missions.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1992Orbital_launches_in_19931994_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Template:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1993" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1993"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1992Orbital_launches_in_19931994_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1992_in_spaceflight" title="1992 in spaceflight">← 1992</a></div><a href="/wiki/1993_in_spaceflight" title="1993 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1993</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1994_in_spaceflight" title="1994 in spaceflight">1994 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2230&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2230 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2230</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-85 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-85</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/TDRS-6" title="TDRS-6">TDRS-6</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2231&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2231 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2231</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-16" title="Soyuz TM-16">Soyuz TM-16</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2232" title="Kosmos 2232">Kosmos 2232</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USA-88" title="USA-88">USA-88</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2233&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2233 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCD-1" class="mw-redirect" title="SCD-1">SCD-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbcomm_CDS-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbcomm CDS-1 (page does not exist)">Orbcomm CDS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2234&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2234 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2234</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2235&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2235 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2235</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2236&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2236 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Satellite_for_Cosmology_and_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics">Asuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-16" title="Progress M-16">Progress M-16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_No.42L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' No.42L (page does not exist)">Gran' No.42L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EKA-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EKA-1 (page does not exist)">EKA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UFO_F-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UFO F-1 (page does not exist)">UFO F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2237&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2237 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-90" title="USA-90">USA-90</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SEDS-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEDS-1 (page does not exist)">SEDS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2238&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2238 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-17" title="Progress M-17">Progress M-17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2239&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2239 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2239</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2240&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2240 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2241" title="Kosmos 2241">Kosmos 2241</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56">STS-56</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=SPARTAN_201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SPARTAN 201 (page does not exist)">SPARTAN 201</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2242&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2242 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2242</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.57 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Array_of_Low_Energy_X-ray_Imaging_Sensors" title="Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors">ALEXIS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbcomm_CDS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbcomm CDS-2 (page does not exist)">Orbcomm CDS-2</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2243&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2243 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2243</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2244&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2244 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2244</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2245&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2245 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2245</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2246&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2246 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2246</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2247&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2247 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2247</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2248&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2248 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2248</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2249&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2249 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2249</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2250 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_1C" title="Astra 1C">Astra 1C</a>, Arsene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-91" title="USA-91">USA-91</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F2_No.9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F2 No.9 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F2 No.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-18" title="Progress M-18">Progress M-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-1T_No.81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-1T No.81 (page does not exist)">Molniya-1T No.81</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.39L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.39L (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.39L</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2251" title="Kosmos 2251">Kosmos 2251</a></li> <li><u><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-57</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2252&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2252 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2252</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2253&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2253 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2253</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2254&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2254 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2254</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2255&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2255 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2255</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2256&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2256 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2256</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2257&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2257 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2257</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HGS-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HGS-4 (page does not exist)">Galaxy 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F1_No.57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F1 No.57 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F1 No.57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcal" class="mw-redirect" title="Radcal">Radcal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-92" title="USA-92">USA-92</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasma_Motor_Generator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasma Motor Generator (page does not exist)">PMG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TM-17" title="Soyuz TM-17">Soyuz TM-17</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2258&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2258 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2258</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2259&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2259 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2259</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-93 (page does not exist)">USA-93</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2260&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2260 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1B" title="Hispasat 1B">Hispasat 1B</a>, <a href="/wiki/INSAT-2B" title="INSAT-2B">INSAT-2B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_IV_K-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan IV K-11 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=SLDCOM-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SLDCOM-3 (page does not exist)">SLDCOM-3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.58&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.58 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOAA-13" title="NOAA-13">NOAA-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_2261" title="Kosmos 2261">Kosmos 2261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-19" title="Progress M-19">Progress M-19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resurs-F1_No.56&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resurs-F1 No.56 (page does not exist)">Resurs-F1 No.56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-94" title="USA-94">USA-94</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor-2_No.24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor-2 No.24 (page does not exist)">Meteor-2 No.24</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temisat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temisat (page does not exist)">Temisat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-95 (page does not exist)">USA-95</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2262&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2262 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2262</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Advanced_Communications_Technology_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Communications Technology Satellite">ACTS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ORFEUS-SPAS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ORFEUS-SPAS (page does not exist)">ORFEUS-SPAS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2263&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2263 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2263</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2264&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2264 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2264</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IRS-P1" class="mw-redirect" title="IRS-P1">IRS-P1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPOT-3" class="mw-redirect" title="SPOT-3">SPOT-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Starlette_and_Stella" title="Starlette and Stella">Stella</a>, <a href="/wiki/KITSAT-2" title="KITSAT-2">KITSAT-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itamsat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itamsat (page does not exist)">Itamsat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eyesat-1" title="Eyesat-1">Eyesat-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/PoSAT-1" title="PoSAT-1">PoSAT-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Healthsat-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthsat-2">Healthsat-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_41L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' 41L (page does not exist)">Gran' 41L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Landsat_6" title="Landsat 6">Landsat 6</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fanhui_Shi_Weixing_15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing 15 (page does not exist)">FSW-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-20" title="Progress M-20">Progress M-20</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_701" title="Intelsat 701">Intelsat 701</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2265&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2265 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-96" title="USA-96">USA-96</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.40L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.40L (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.40L</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2266 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2266</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2267&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2267 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2267</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LMI_AP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LMI AP-1 (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.41L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solidaridad_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solidaridad 2 (page does not exist)">Solidaridad 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteosat_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteosat 6 (page does not exist)">Meteosat 6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-97 (page does not exist)">USA-97</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-98 (page does not exist)">USA-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_401" title="Telstar 401">Telstar 401</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DirecTV-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DirecTV-1 (page does not exist)">DirecTV-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thaicom_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Thaicom 1">Thaicom 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-87 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-87</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).<br /><u>Crewed flights</u> are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-57&oldid=1261239993">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-57&oldid=1261239993</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Category:Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_launched_in_1993" title="Category:Spacecraft launched in 1993">Spacecraft launched in 1993</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_January_2014" title="Category:Use American English from January 2014">Use American English from January 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2023" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2023">Use mdy dates from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 December 2024, at 00:52<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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