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Arthur E. Appleton - The Globalist
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class="search-container hidden fixed top-0 bottom-0 left-0 right-0 w-full h-full justify-center items-center z-30 bg-black bg-opacity-80"> <a href="#" class="close-search-form text-white text-3xl absolute top-10 right-10"><i class="fa fa-times"></i></a> <form action="https://www.theglobalist.com" method="get" class="search-form max-w-4xl my-0 mx-auto px-8"> <div class="form-fields-wrap flex flex-col md:flex-row items-end"> <div class="form-field relative"> <input type="text" name="s" class="text-white bg-transparent border-0 border-b border-white outline-none text-lg" placeholder="Search"> </div> <!-- .form-field --> <div class="form-field relative mt-5 md:mt-0 md:ml-2"> <button class="text-white inline-block text-3xl">Search</button> </div> <!-- .form-field --> </div> <!-- .form-fields-wrap --> </form> </div> <!-- .search-container --> </header><!-- #masthead --> <a href="https://theglobalist.us4.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=fe900a29e67b9f5bd30ac3091&id=10248023d4" class="button button--primary fixed bottom-5 lg:bottom-10 right-5 lg:right-10 z-50" target="_blank">Sign Up</a> <main id="primary" class="site-main wrapper pb-10"> <div class="post__grid"> <div class="post__grid-1"></div> <!-- .post__grid-1 --> <div class="post__grid-2"> <p class="transition-all text-red hover:text-grey font-semibold text-xl">Author</p> <h1 class="font-bold text-5xl">Arthur E. Appleton</h1> </div> <!-- .post__grid-2 --> <div class="post__grid-3"></div> <!-- .post__grid-3 --> </div> <!-- .post__grid --> <div class="post__grid mt-5 md:mt-10 lg:mt-20"> <div class="post__grid-1 md:sticky"> </div> <!-- .post__grid-1 --> <div class="post__grid-2 mt-5 md:mt-0"> <p>Arthur Appleton is an Adjunct Professor of International Law at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS-Europe). He is also a founding partner of Appleton Luff – International Lawyers, a boutique international law firm with offices worldwide. </p> <p>Mr. Appleton has 30 years of experience in international trade and investment law working with international businesses, sovereign states and international and regional organizations. </p> <p>In addition, he has published widely in the field of international trade and arbitration, including four books and approx. 45 articles. He sits on the Editorial Advisory Board of Legal Issues of Economic Integration and the Advisory Committee of The Latin American Journal of International Trade Law. </p> <p>Arthur has worked throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Latin America. He has served as a Consultant for the World Bank, the WTO, the ADB, the IDB, UNCTAD, UNITAR, the ITC, CLDP and the EU and is on the List of Experts (Chairpersons) for Trade and Sustainable Development Disputes arising from several EU FTAs.</p> <p>Mr. Appleton is also a member of the visiting faculty and the Advisory Board of the World Trade Institute (University of Bern) and teaches Executive Education courses at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Geneva, Switzerland).</p> </div> <!-- .post__grid-2 --> <div class="post__grid-3"></div> <!-- .post__grid-3 --> </div> <!-- .post__grid --> <div class="author-posts-grid mt-5 md:mt-10"> <div class="author-posts-grid__grid-1"></div> <div class="author-posts-grid__grid-2"> <h3 class="text-red text-xl font-semibold border-b-2 border-red pb-1">Articles by Arthur E. Appleton</h3> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-economy/">Global Economy</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/us-default/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">US Default?</a></h3> <div>Instead of hungering for power and party control, U.S. politicians should be hungering for solutions to the economic problems that vex the country.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">May 27, 2023</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/us-default/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Corruption-2-1.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/future-of-globalization/">Future of Globalization</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/re-globalization-seriously/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">Re-Globalization, Seriously?</a></h3> <div>Modernizing the trade system to meet 21st century challenges requires moving beyond the WTO’s consensus system.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">April 20, 2023</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/re-globalization-seriously/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Trade-1.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-trade/">Global Trade</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/ngozi-okonjo-iweala-wto-trade-globalization-development/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">WTO: Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala’s Long and Winding Road</a></h3> <div>Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala is the first African and the first woman to serve in the WTO’s top post. But she faces formidable challenges.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">March 1, 2021</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/ngozi-okonjo-iweala-wto-trade-globalization-development/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/World-Health-Organization.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-democracy/">Global Democracy</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/united-states-2020-presidential-election-donald-trump-joe-biden-democrats-republicans-partisanship/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">Rethinking America: Polishing a Rare Gem</a></h3> <div>The U.S's dire need of significant reforms of its voting, media, education and justice system.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">November 13, 2020</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/united-states-2020-presidential-election-donald-trump-joe-biden-democrats-republicans-partisanship/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/United-States-Flag-10-1.jpg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-health/">Global Health</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/united-states-healthcare-obamacare-affordable-care-act-us-congress-oecd-globalization/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">Globalization and Healthcare: Lessons the US Needs to Learn</a></h3> <div>The U.S. must urgently move beyond its cliché-ridden debate on healthcare.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">July 29, 2020</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/united-states-healthcare-obamacare-affordable-care-act-us-congress-oecd-globalization/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Global-health.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-health/">Global Health</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/globalization-global-health-coronavirus-covid19-nationalism-pandemic/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">Globalization and Pandemics: Global Problems Require Global Responses</a></h3> <div>The rapid dispersion of many diseases is one of the inevitable characteristics of globalization. Nationalist approaches are therefore completely counter-productive.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">March 3, 2020</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/globalization-global-health-coronavirus-covid19-nationalism-pandemic/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/United-Nations-2-1.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> <div class="p-5 border-b border-black flex flex-col md:flex-row transition-all hover:bg-pink"> <div class="order-2 md:order-1 mt-5 md:mt-0 md:w-2/3 md:pr-5"> <div class="font-semibold"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-future/">Global Future</a> & <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/global-issues/global-governance/">Global Governance</a> </div> <h3><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/globalization-globalism-nationalism-populism-trade-inequality-education/" class="text-grey hover:text-red font-semibold">Stop Blaming Globalization: Most Problems Are Homemade</a></h3> <div>Amidst many worries about globalization, suggestions for a constructive path forward.</div> <p class="font-light text-sm">February 16, 2020</p> </div> <div class="order-1 md:order-2 md:w-1/3 overflow-hidden"> <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/globalization-globalism-nationalism-populism-trade-inequality-education/" class="block w-64 h-32 bg-cover mx-auto md:mx-0 md:float-right" style="background-image:url('https://www.theglobalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Global-1.jpeg');"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main><!-- #main --> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer bg-red text-white pb-4 lg:pb-8"> <!-- <div class="transition-all py-8 lg:py-12 bg-red hover:bg-grey"> <div class="wrapper"> <a href=" <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-right"></i></a> </div> </div> --> <div class="py-8 lg:py-12 bg-red"> <div class="wrapper"> <p class="text-4xl text-white font-bold">How the world hangs together</p> <p class="text-2xl mt-2">What countries, societies and economies can learn from each other</p> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="site-footer__description-links"> <div class="site-footer__description"> <p>Follow us:</p> <div class="mt-3"> <a href="https://twitter.com/theglobalist" target="_blank" class="font-bold text-3xl text-white hover:text-white"><i class="fa-brands fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-globalist/" target="_blank" class="font-bold text-3xl ml-6 text-white hover:text-white"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin-in"></i></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/theglobalist" target="_blank" class="font-bold text-3xl ml-6 text-white hover:text-white"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f"></i></a> </div> </div> <!-- .site-footer__description --> <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul id="footer-menu" class="site-footer__links mt-5 md:mt-0 pl-0"><li id="menu-item-79262" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79262"><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-79261"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://www.theglobalist.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79260" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79260"><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79263" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-79263"><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79122" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-79122"><a target="_blank" href="https://theglobalist.us4.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=fe900a29e67b9f5bd30ac3091&id=10248023d4">Sign up to our newsletter</a></li> <li id="menu-item-79377" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-79377"><a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/about-us/masthead/">The Team</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <!-- .site-footer__description-links --> <p class="mt-8 text-center">Copyright © 2025. 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