CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic - Andreas Schuele - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/An_Introduction_to_Biblical_Aramaic.html?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/An_Introduction_to_Biblical_Aramaic.html?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC"/><meta name="title" content="An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic"/><meta name="description" content="The study of biblical Aramaic, an ancient Semitic language from which the Hebrew alphabet was derived, is necessary for understanding texts written during certain periods of early Jewish and Christian history and is especially important for the study of the books of Daniel and Ezra. This new textbook is a thorough guide to learning to read and translate biblical Aramaic and includes an introduction to the language, examples of texts for practice translations, and helpful comparison charts."/><meta property="og:title" content="An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE73wJOIVudKyYIuTPs-y07Ghlgck0qBPbzuOqAtgNUd7UEitnNuwvURDUXZtBcrOiM2jrChgf0KX_rKVBWvwnxVTg_phCsqM0WMaZGqasxYjeOM8y7IJdUY_nHi1XqZ7caQtaRau"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE73wJOIVudKyYIuTPs-y07Ghlgck0qBPbzuOqAtgNUd7UEitnNuwvURDUXZtBcrOiM2jrChgf0KX_rKVBWvwnxVTg_phCsqM0WMaZGqasxYjeOM8y7IJdUY_nHi1XqZ7caQtaRau"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3D-5CWO0QjIGoC%26q%3Dsentence%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&q=sentence&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."><img border="0" src="//www.google.com/images/cleardot.gif"alt="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."></a></div><div class="kd-appbar"><h2 class="kd-appname"><a href="/books">Books</a></h2><div class="kd-buttonbar left" id="left-toolbar-buttons"><a id="appbar-view-print-sample-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=frontcover&vq=sentence&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-view-ebook-sample-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-patents-prior-art-finder-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-patents-discuss-this-link" href="" data-is-grant=""></a><a id="appbar-read-patent-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-download-pdf-link" href=""></a></div><div class="kd-buttonbar right" id="right-toolbar-buttons"></div></div><div style="display: none"><ol id="ofe-gear-menu-contents" class="gbmcc"><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary&hl=en">My library</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="http://books.google.com.sg/support/topic/4359341?hl=en-SG">Help</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://books.google.com.sg/advanced_book_search">Advanced Book Search</a></li></ol></div><div id="volume-main"><div id="volume-left"><div id=menu_container ><div id="menu_scroll_wrapper"><div id="menu_scroll" role="navigation"><div id="gb-get-book-container"><a id="gb-get-book-content" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&sitesec=buy&source=gbs_vpt_read">Get print book</a></div><p id="gb-get-book-not-available">No eBook available<p><h3 class=about_title><a name="buy_anchor"></a></h3><div id=buy class=about_content><div id=buy_v><ul style="list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0;"><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.thethoughtfulchristian.com/Products/0664234240/.aspx" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.thethoughtfulchristian.com/Products/0664234240/.aspx';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3d-5CWO0QjIGoC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.thethoughtfulchristian.com/Products/0664234240/.aspx\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw3hUro6Iy1oPiddJJ-vRUwT\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Westminster John Knox Press</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&linkCode=qs&keywords=9780664234249" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index\x3dbooks\x26linkCode\x3dqs\x26keywords\x3d9780664234249';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3d-5CWO0QjIGoC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9780664234249\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1LWHjX5MZCpcgHjk7Dv3S0\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Amazon.com</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail&pcode=9780664234249" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do\x3ddetail\x26pcode\x3d9780664234249';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3d-5CWO0QjIGoC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9780664234249\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw2ZLUbgwDuZX6tJLiAKFzZV\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>MPH</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9780664234249" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q\x3d9780664234249';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3d-5CWO0QjIGoC\x26q\x3dhttps://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9780664234249\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1QcyoSUSS2_h2L6OI5ipXw\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Popular</span></a></li><li><hr style="margin-right: 20%; color: #666;"></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&pg=PA77&q=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1026099081&clientid=librarylink&usg=AOvVaw3uT_niJVGGVop4BZ7152gD&source=gbs_buy_r"><span dir=ltr>Find in a library</span></a></li><li><a class="secondary" style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&sitesec=buy&source=gbs_buy_r" id="get-all-sellers-link"><span dir=ltr>All sellers</span> »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=menu id=menu><div class="menu_content" style="margin-bottom:6px"><div style="margin-bottom:4px"><div class="sidebarnav"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div class="sidebarcover"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=frontcover&vq=sentence" onclick="_OC_Page('PP1',this.href); return false;"><img src="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=5&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE710AJF3D0swcrW5K0DusO4SNEtI50kxrzfBqoCZE2pYQiqne2hWm6UMWMmXjlTXaNnKXZhN1Nre1gMN2jolVbYCUX2ZIbBaG9S8jTdeC6HUZtQFUJf6pm7abwqTn4L2Fr1f6TQJ" alt="Front Cover" title="Front Cover" height=80 border=1 id=summary-frontcover ></a></div></td><td></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="volume-info-sidebar"><h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir=ltr>An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic</h1><span class="addmd">By Andreas Schuele</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:3px"><form action=/books id=search_form style="margin:0px;padding:0px;" method=get> <input type=hidden name="id" value="-5CWO0QjIGoC"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 class="swv-table"><tr><td class="swv-td-search"><span><input id=search_form_input type=text maxlength=1024 class="text_flat swv-input-search" aria-label="Search in this book" name=q value="" title="Go" accesskey=i></span></td><td class="swv-td-space"><div> </div></td><td><input type=submit value="Go"></td></tr></table><script type="text/javascript">if (window['_OC_autoDir']) {_OC_autoDir('search_form_input');}</script></form></div><div><p><a id="sidebar-atb-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&vq=sentence&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><span dir=ltr>About this book</span></a></p></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-hr"></div><div class="ebook-promo"><a href="https://play.google.com/store/books"><img border="0" src="/googlebooks/images/ebook_promo.png" /><h3 class="section">Shop for Books on Google Play</h3><p class="ebook-promo-description">Browse the world's largest eBookstore and start reading today on the web, tablet, phone, or ereader.</p><p class="ebook-promo-clickme">Go to Google Play Now »</p></a></div><div class="sidebar-hr"></div><div><div id="navbarContainer" class="gb-navbar"></div><script>_OC_InitNavbar({"child_node":[{"title":"My library","url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?uid=114584440181414684107\u0026source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list","id":"my_library","collapsed":true},{"title":"My History","url":"","id":"my_history","collapsed":true}],"highlighted_node_id":""});</script><h3 class=about_title><a name="pub_info_anchor"></a></h3><div id=pub_info class=about_content><div id=pub_info_v><table cellspacing=0><tr><td><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&pg=PA77&q=http://www.ppcbooks.com&clientid=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw2xQ0CgFmxFmUt_quA0fTUj&source=gbs_pub_info_r" style="text-decoration:none"><img width=64 height=35 border=0 src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/imgad?id=CNWgsrLd9embAhBcGDIyCLY_b1DvpcfN" alt="Westminster John Knox Press"></a><tr><td style="font-size:84.6%;color:#666666">Pages displayed by permission of <a class=link_aux href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&pg=PA77&q=http://www.ppcbooks.com&clientid=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw2xQ0CgFmxFmUt_quA0fTUj&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Westminster John Knox Press</a>. <a style="color:#7777cc;white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&printsec=copyright&vq=sentence&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Copyright</a>. </table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="volume-center"><div id="scroll_atb" role="main"><div id="toolbar_container"><div style="float:left;white-space:nowrap"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td id="l_toolbar"></td><td class=toolbar-pc-cell><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td class=no-jump-cell align=right><span id=page_label style="margin-right:.5em">Page 77</span></td><td class=arrow style="padding-right:2px"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&pg=PA76&lpg=PA77&focus=viewport&vq=sentence" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=prev_btn alt="Previous Page" title="Previous Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_left"></div></div></a></td><td class=arrow><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA77&focus=viewport&vq=sentence" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=next_btn alt="Next available page" title="Next available page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_right"></div></div></a></td></tr></table></td><td>  </td><td id=view_toolbar></td><td id=view_new></td></tr></table></div><div style="float:right"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td></td><td id="r_toolbar" style="white-space:nowrap"></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="search_bar"></div><div class="gback"><div id="viewport" class="viewport" tabindex="0"><a name="page" accesskey="c"></a><table class="viewport-table" id="container" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="center"><noscript><style type=text/css>.imgg { width:575px;height:862px;background:#eee;padding-bottom:25px}</style><div class=imgg><div align=center><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=500 align=center style="margin-top:2em"><tr><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:9px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_l.gif') top left repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tl.gif" width=9 height=7 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_t.gif') top left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=7 alt=""></td><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:10px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_r.gif') top right repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tr.gif" width=10 height=7 alt=""></td></tr><tr><td align=center style="background:#ff9;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em"><div style="margin:1em"><img width=60 height=60 align=absmiddle src="/googlebooks/restricted_logo.gif" alt=""> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.2em"><br>Restricted Page</span></div><div style="margin:1em" align=left>You have reached your viewing limit for this book (<a href=https://books.google.com.sg/support/answer/43729?topic=9259&hl=en>why?</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_bl.gif" width=9 height=9 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_b.gif') bottom left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=9 alt=""></td><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_br.gif" width=10 height=9 alt=""></td></tr></table></div></div></noscript></td></tr></table></div></div><script>_OC_addFlags({Host:"https://books.google.com.sg/", IsBooksUnifiedLeftNavEnabled:1, IsZipitFolderCollectionEnabled:1, IsBrowsingHistoryEnabled:1, IsBooksRentalEnabled:1});_OC_Run({"page":[{"pid":"PP1","flags":32,"order":0,"h":877},{"pid":"PR3","order":3,"title":"iii"},{"pid":"PR4","order":4,"title":"iv"},{"pid":"PR5","order":5,"title":"v"},{"pid":"PR6","order":6,"title":"vi"},{"pid":"PR7","order":7,"title":"vii"},{"pid":"PR8","order":8,"title":"viii"},{"pid":"PR9","order":9,"title":"ix"},{"pid":"PR10","order":10,"title":"x"},{"pid":"PR11","order":11,"title":"xi"},{"pid":"PR12","order":12,"title":"xii"},{"pid":"PA1","order":13,"title":"1"},{"pid":"PA2","order":14,"title":"2"},{"pid":"PA3","order":15,"title":"3"},{"pid":"PA4","order":16,"title":"4"},{"pid":"PA5","order":17,"title":"5"},{"pid":"PA6","order":18,"title":"6"},{"pid":"PA7","order":19,"title":"7"},{"pid":"PA8","order":20,"title":"8"},{"pid":"PA9","order":21,"title":"9"},{"pid":"PA10","order":22,"title":"10"},{"pid":"PA11","order":23,"title":"11"},{"pid":"PA12","order":24,"title":"12"},{"pid":"PA13","order":25,"title":"13"},{"pid":"PA14","order":26,"title":"14"},{"pid":"PA15","order":27,"title":"15"},{"pid":"PA16","order":28,"title":"16"},{"pid":"PA17","order":29,"title":"17"},{"pid":"PA18","order":30,"title":"18"},{"pid":"PA19","order":31,"title":"19"},{"pid":"PA20","order":32,"title":"20"},{"pid":"PA21","order":33,"title":"21"},{"pid":"PA22","order":34,"title":"22"},{"pid":"PA23","order":35,"title":"23"},{"pid":"PA24","order":36,"title":"24"},{"pid":"PA25","order":37,"title":"25"},{"pid":"PA26","order":38,"title":"26"},{"pid":"PA27","order":39,"title":"27"},{"pid":"PA28","order":40,"title":"28"},{"pid":"PA29","order":41,"title":"29"},{"pid":"PA30","order":42,"title":"30"},{"pid":"PA31","order":43,"title":"31"},{"pid":"PA32","order":44,"title":"32"},{"pid":"PA33","order":45,"title":"33"},{"pid":"PA34","order":46,"title":"34"},{"pid":"PA35","order":47,"title":"35"},{"pid":"PA36","order":48,"title":"36"},{"pid":"PA37","order":49,"title":"37"},{"pid":"PA38","order":50,"title":"38"},{"pid":"PA39","order":51,"title":"39"},{"pid":"PA40","order":52,"title":"40"},{"pid":"PA41","order":53,"title":"41"},{"pid":"PA42","order":54,"title":"42"},{"pid":"PA43","order":55,"title":"43"},{"pid":"PA44","order":56,"title":"44"},{"pid":"PA45","order":57,"title":"45"},{"pid":"PA46","order":58,"title":"46"},{"pid":"PA47","order":59,"title":"47"},{"pid":"PA48","order":60,"title":"48"},{"pid":"PA49","order":61,"title":"49"},{"pid":"PA50","order":62,"title":"50"},{"pid":"PA51","order":63,"title":"51"},{"pid":"PA52","order":64,"title":"52"},{"pid":"PA53","order":65,"title":"53"},{"pid":"PA54","order":66,"title":"54"},{"pid":"PA55","order":67,"title":"55"},{"pid":"PA56","order":68,"title":"56"},{"pid":"PA57","order":69,"title":"57"},{"pid":"PA58","order":70,"title":"58"},{"pid":"PA59","order":71,"title":"59"},{"pid":"PA60","order":72,"title":"60"},{"pid":"PA61","order":73,"title":"61"},{"pid":"PA62","order":74,"title":"62"},{"pid":"PA63","order":75,"title":"63"},{"pid":"PA64","order":76,"title":"64"},{"pid":"PA65","order":77,"title":"65"},{"pid":"PA66","order":78,"title":"66"},{"pid":"PA67","order":79,"title":"67"},{"pid":"PA68","order":80,"title":"68"},{"pid":"PA70","order":82,"title":"70"},{"pid":"PA71","order":83,"title":"71"},{"pid":"PA73","order":85,"title":"73"},{"pid":"PA76","flags":8,"order":88,"title":"76"},{"pid":"PA77","flags":8,"order":89,"title":"77"},{"pid":"PA79","flags":8,"order":91,"title":"79"},{"pid":"PA80","flags":8,"order":92,"title":"80"},{"pid":"PA81","order":93,"title":"81"},{"pid":"PA82","order":94,"title":"82"},{"pid":"PA83","order":95,"title":"83"},{"pid":"PA84","order":96,"title":"84"},{"pid":"PA85","order":97,"title":"85"},{"pid":"PA87","order":99,"title":"87"},{"pid":"PA88","order":100,"title":"88"},{"pid":"PA89","order":101,"title":"89"},{"pid":"PA90","order":102,"title":"90"},{"pid":"PA91","order":103,"title":"91"},{"pid":"PA92","order":104,"title":"92"},{"pid":"PA93","order":105,"title":"93"},{"pid":"PA96","order":108,"title":"96"},{"pid":"PA98","order":110,"title":"98"},{"pid":"PA103","order":115,"title":"103"},{"pid":"PA105","order":117,"title":"105"},{"pid":"PA106","order":118,"title":"106"},{"pid":"PA107","order":119,"title":"107"},{"pid":"PA110","order":122,"title":"110"},{"pid":"PA112","order":124,"title":"112"},{"pid":"PA114","order":126,"title":"114"},{"pid":"PA116","order":128,"title":"116"},{"pid":"PA117","order":129,"title":"117"},{"pid":"PA118","order":130,"title":"118"},{"pid":"PA120","order":132,"title":"120"},{"pid":"PA121","order":133,"title":"121"},{"pid":"PA122","order":134,"title":"122"},{"pid":"PA123","order":135,"title":"123"},{"pid":"PA124","order":136,"title":"124"},{"pid":"PA127","order":139,"title":"127"},{"pid":"PA128","order":140,"title":"128"},{"pid":"PA129","order":141,"title":"129"},{"pid":"PA130","order":142,"title":"130"},{"pid":"PA133","order":145,"title":"133"},{"pid":"PA134","order":146,"title":"134"},{"pid":"PA135","order":147,"title":"135"},{"pid":"PA136","order":148,"title":"136"},{"pid":"PA137","order":149,"title":"137"},{"pid":"PA138","order":150,"title":"138"},{"pid":"PA139","order":151,"title":"139"},{"pid":"PA140","order":152,"title":"140"},{"pid":"PA141","order":153,"title":"141"},{"pid":"PA142","order":154,"title":"142"},{"pid":"PA143","order":155,"title":"143"},{"pid":"PA144","order":156,"title":"144"},{"pid":"PA145","order":157,"title":"145"},{"pid":"PA146","order":158,"title":"146","h":855}],"prefix":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026lpg=PA77\u0026vq=sentence"},{"fullview":false,"page_width":575,"page_height":862,"font_height":13,"first_content_page":13,"disable_twopage":false,"initial_zoom_width_override":685,"show_print_pages_button":false,"title":"An Introduction to Biblical Aramaic","subtitle":"","attribution":"By Andreas Schuele","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Westminster John Knox Press","Url":"http://www.thethoughtfulchristian.com/Products/0664234240/.aspx","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026q=http://www.thethoughtfulchristian.com/Products/0664234240/.aspx\u0026usg=AOvVaw3hUro6Iy1oPiddJJ-vRUwT","IsPublisher":true},{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9780664234249","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9780664234249\u0026usg=AOvVaw1LWHjX5MZCpcgHjk7Dv3S0"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9780664234249","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9780664234249\u0026usg=AOvVaw2ZLUbgwDuZX6tJLiAKFzZV"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9780664234249","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9780664234249\u0026usg=AOvVaw1QcyoSUSS2_h2L6OI5ipXw"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"TocLine":[{"Title":"FROM THE PHOENICIAN TO THE ARAMAIC ","Pid":"PA3","PgNum":"3","Order":15},{"Title":"MASORETIC VOWEL SIGNS ","Pid":"PA10","PgNum":"10","Order":22},{"Title":"THE NOUN ","Pid":"PA19","PgNum":"19","Order":31},{"Title":"xi ","Pid":"PA25","PgNum":"25","Order":37},{"Title":"11 ","Pid":"PA33","PgNum":"33","Order":45},{"Title":"VERBS WITH SUFFIXES ","Pid":"PA52","PgNum":"52","Order":64},{"Title":"SYNTAX ","Pid":"PA59","PgNum":"59","Order":71},{"Title":"אִיתַי אֲתַי The Particle of Existence ","Pid":"PA65","PgNum":"65","Order":77},{"Title":"19 ","Pid":"PA69","PgNum":"69","Order":81},{"Title":"IMPERSONAL SPEECH ","Pid":"PA71","PgNum":"71","Order":83},{"Title":"ANALYTIC AND SYNTHETIC SYNTAX ","Pid":"PA77","PgNum":"77","Order":89},{"Title":"20 ","Pid":"PA79","PgNum":"79","Order":91},{"Title":"WORD LIST ","Pid":"PA83","PgNum":"83","Order":95},{"Title":"THE ZAKKUR INSCRIPTION ","Pid":"PA98","PgNum":"98","Order":110},{"Title":"TWO SAYINGS FROM THE WISDOM ","Pid":"PA105","PgNum":"105","Order":117},{"Title":"PARADIGMS ","Pid":"PA120","PgNum":"120","Order":132}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR5","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1918,"num_toc_pages":4,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"-5CWO0QjIGoC","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026pg=PA77\u0026q=http://www.ppcbooks.com\u0026clientid=ca-print-presbyterian_publishing-westminster_john_knox_press\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw2xQ0CgFmxFmUt_quA0fTUj\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eWestminster John Knox Press\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":false,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":false,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Westminster John Knox Press","publication_date":"2012.01.01","subject":"Religion","num_pages":145,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=-5CWO0QjIGoC\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"The study of biblical Aramaic, an ancient Semitic language from which the Hebrew alphabet was derived, is necessary for understanding texts written during certain periods of early Jewish and Christian history and is especially important for the study of the books of Daniel and Ezra. This new textbook is a thorough guide to learning to read and translate biblical Aramaic and includes an introduction to the language, examples of texts for practice translations, and helpful comparison charts.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA146","order":158,"title":"146","h":855}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3D-5CWO0QjIGoC%26q%3Dsentence%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA77","highlights":[{"X":301,"Y":402,"W":46,"H":14},{"X":315,"Y":633,"W":46,"H":14},{"X":433,"Y":649,"W":46,"H":14}],"flags":8,"order":89,"vq":"sentence"}]},null,{"number_of_results":14,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PR9","page_number":"ix","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e and entire texts. The reader should note that I refer throughout to the Masoretic versification, which, in the book of Daniel, differs from the English versions in the following places: Eng. 4:1–3 = MT 3:31–33; Eng. ix ABOUT\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA28","page_number":"28","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e : אִילָן בְּגוֹא אַרְעָא וְרוּמֵהּ שַׂגִּיא \u0026quot; ( There was ) a tree in the middle of the earth , and its height ( was ) great \u0026quot; ( Dan 4 : 7 ) עָפִיהּ שַׁפִּיר \u0026quot; Its foliage ( was ) beautiful \u0026quot; ( Dan 4 : 9 )\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA32","page_number":"32","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e or in order to emphasize the subject ( \u0026quot; I , Daniel , saw the vision . . . \u0026quot; ; Dan 8:15 ) . In the case of the 3 person pl . , however , it can also assume the role of the ( accusative ) object : יְהַב הִמּוֹ בְּיַד\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA53","page_number":"53","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e. In BA, however, the energic nun does not seem to add any particular emphasis to the verb. It occurs in all instances of suffixed imperfect forms. While the energic nun is largely insignificant for translation purposes, it is\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA66","page_number":"66","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e in BA is the same as in that of an affirma- tive \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e. As such, h serves as a question mark put before an affirmative/ declarative clause. at\u0026#39;w\u0026quot;y\u0026quot;r\u0026gt;a;-!mi %t\u0026#39;Wbz\u0026quot;yvel. lkiy\u0026gt;h; ar\u0026quot;ydIt.Bi Hle-xl;P\u0026#39; hT.n\u0026gt;a: yDI %h\u0026#39;l\u0026#39;a/; “has\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA71","page_number":"71","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e remains unspecific ( \u0026quot; one should be more aware of the needs of others \u0026quot; ; \u0026quot; they don\u0026#39;t make cook- ies like ... \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e. 1. HNEmi Syntax 71 IMPERSONAL SPEECH."},{"page_id":"PA73","page_number":"73","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e in order to emphasize it. yli yliG/ hn\u0026quot;d\u0026gt; az\u0026quot;r\u0026quot; aY\u0026quot;Y:x;-lK\u0026#39;-!mi yBi yt;yai-yDI hm\u0026#39;k.x\u0026#39;b. al\u0026#39; hn\u0026quot;a]w: “But as for me, it is not because I have more wisdom than any other living being that this mystery has been revealed to me\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA76","page_number":"76","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e (verbal and nominal) and the use of tenses indicate the difference between these two components of a narrative. A circumstantial clause can be, for example, a nominative clause (dan 7:1): hz\u0026quot;x] ~l,xe laYEnID\u0026quot; lb,B\u0026#39; %l,m, rC;v\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA77","page_number":"77","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e are exactly the same. Thus the difference in meaning occurs at the synthetic level of the \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e (“syn-thetic” meaning the way in which things are “put together”). The same difference in meaning can be achieved by introducing\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA79","page_number":"79","snippet_text":"... of ידִּ Translate the following \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e and determine the function of yDI. 1. aK\u0026#39;l.m;l. hy\u0026quot;w\u0026quot;x]h;l. ar\u0026quot;v.piW Hle-!Ten\u0026gt;yI !m\u0026#39;z\u0026gt; yDI aK\u0026#39;l.m;-!mi h[\u0026#39;b.W l[; laYEnId\u0026quot;w\u0026gt; 2. !ysir\u0026gt;p;W lqeT. anEm. anEm. ~yvir\u0026gt; yDI ab\u0026#39;t\u0026#39;k. hn\u0026quot;d\u0026gt;W 3. ~l,v.Wryli Ata]\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA81","page_number":"81","snippet_text":"... the following \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e. 1. Htey\u0026gt;b;l. l[; ab\u0026#39;t\u0026#39;K. ~yvir\u0026gt;-yDI [d:y\u0026gt; ydIK. laYEnId\u0026quot;w\u0026gt; 2. btiy\u0026gt; !ymiAy qyTi[;w\u0026gt; wymir\u0026gt; !w\u0026quot;s\u0026#39;r\u0026gt;k\u0026#39; yDI d[; tywEh] hzEx\u0026#39; 3. at\u0026#39;L.mi yNImi aD\u0026quot;z\u0026gt;a; yDI !AtyzEx] yDI lbeq\\-lK\u0026#39; !ynIb.z\u0026quot; !WTn\u0026gt;a; an\u0026quot;D\u0026quot;[\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA82","page_number":"82","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e, but simply uses ו “and” as a connector, even though the \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e that the w introduces functions as an adverbial clause. This is espe- cially the case when consecutive meaning is intended (“and so”). however, there are also\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA117","page_number":"117","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e. 2. lb,b\u0026#39;l. ylig\u0026gt;h; hM\u0026#39;[;w\u0026gt; HrEt.s; hn\u0026quot;d\u0026gt; ht\u0026#39;y\u0026gt;b;W Lit. “And this house he destroyed it, and the people he deported to Bab- ylon” (Ezra 5:12). “This house” and “the people” are direct objects, high- lighted through first\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA118","page_number":"118","snippet_text":"Andreas Schuele. The first \u003cb\u003esentence\u003c/b\u003e has subject-verb structure; each of the following two \u003cb\u003esentences\u003c/b\u003e emphasizes the direct object by placing it first. 4. %b\u0026#39;K.v.mi-l[; %n\u0026quot;Ay[.r: aK\u0026#39;l.m; hT\u0026#39;n\u0026gt;a; awEh/l, ydI-hm\u0026#39; %[\u0026#39;d\u0026gt;Ah aY\u0026quot;z:r\u0026quot; aleg\u0026quot;w\u0026gt; hn\u0026quot;d\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"sentence"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>