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Topical Bible: Hatred
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0;"/><title>Topical Bible: Hatred</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/topical/h/hatred.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/newtopical.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/topical/vmenus/matthew/10-22.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmcde/h/hatred.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/topical/">Topical</a> > Hatred</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/topical/naves/h/hatita--a_porter_of_the_temple.htm" title="Hatita: A Porter of the Temple">◄</a> Hatred <a href="/topical/h/hatred_and_jealousy.htm" title="Hatred and Jealousy">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse">Jump to: <a href="#isb" title="International Standard Bible Encyclopedia">ISBE</a> • <a href="#eas" title="Easton's Bible Dictionary">Easton's</a> • <a href="#web" title="Webster's Dictionary">Webster's</a> • <a href="#cnc" title="Multiversion Concordance">Concordance</a> • <a href="#thes" title="Bible Thesaurus">Thesaurus</a> • <a href="#grk" title="Strong's Greek Concordance">Greek</a> • <a href="#heb" title="Strong's Hebrew Concordance">Hebrew</a> • <a href="#lib" title="Library">Library</a> • <a href="#sub" title="Subtopics">Subtopics</a> • <a href="#rel" title="Related Terms">Terms</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><a name="te" id="te"></a><div class="vheading2">Topical Encyclopedia</div><b>Definition and Nature:</b> <br>Hatred is a profound aversion or hostility towards someone or something. In the biblical context, it is often associated with sin and is considered contrary to the nature of God, who is love (1 <a href="/john/4-8.htm">John 4:8</a>). Hatred can manifest in various forms, including enmity, malice, and bitterness, and is frequently condemned in Scripture.<br><br><b>Biblical References and Teachings:</b><br><br>1. <b>Old Testament Insights:</b> <br> Hatred is first mentioned in the context of familial relationships, as seen in the account of Esau and Jacob. Esau's hatred for Jacob arose from the loss of his birthright and blessing (<a href="/genesis/27-41.htm">Genesis 27:41</a>). The Mosaic Law addresses hatred, emphasizing justice and love for one's neighbor: "Do not hate your brother in your heart. Rebuke your neighbor directly, and you will not incur guilt because of him" (<a href="/leviticus/19-17.htm">Leviticus 19:17</a>).<br><br>2. <b>Wisdom Literature:</b> <br> The Book of Proverbs frequently contrasts hatred with love, highlighting the destructive nature of hatred: "Hatred stirs up dissension, but love covers all transgressions" (<a href="/proverbs/10-12.htm">Proverbs 10:12</a>). This verse underscores the peacemaking power of love in overcoming discord.<br><br>3. <b>New Testament Teachings:</b> <br> Jesus Christ's teachings in the New Testament further illuminate the sinfulness of hatred. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus equates hatred with murder in the heart: "But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment" (<a href="/matthew/5-22.htm">Matthew 5:22</a>). This teaching elevates the moral standard, emphasizing internal attitudes over external actions.<br><br> The Apostle Paul also addresses hatred in his epistles, listing it among the "acts of the flesh" that are contrary to the Spirit: "The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage..." (<a href="/galatians/5-19.htm">Galatians 5:19-20</a>). Paul encourages believers to live by the Spirit, which produces love, joy, and peace.<br><br>4. <b>The Call to Love:</b> <br> The New Testament consistently calls believers to reject hatred and embrace love. The Apostle John writes, "Anyone who claims to be in the light but hates his brother is still in the darkness" (1 <a href="/john/2-9.htm">John 2:9</a>). This passage highlights the incompatibility of hatred with the Christian walk, which is characterized by love and light.<br><br><b>Theological Implications:</b><br><br>Hatred is fundamentally opposed to the character of God and the teachings of Christ. It is a barrier to fellowship with God and others, leading to spiritual darkness. The biblical call is to overcome hatred through the transformative power of the Holy Spirit, cultivating love, forgiveness, and reconciliation. The ultimate expression of love is found in Jesus Christ, who commands His followers to love their enemies and pray for those who persecute them (<a href="/matthew/5-44.htm">Matthew 5:44</a>).<br><br><b>Practical Application:</b><br><br>Believers are encouraged to examine their hearts for any trace of hatred and to seek reconciliation where needed. The practice of forgiveness and the pursuit of peace are vital in overcoming hatred. By embodying the love of Christ, Christians are called to be agents of reconciliation in a world often marked by division and hostility.<a name="eas" id="eas"></a><div class="vheading2">Easton's Bible Dictionary</div>Among the works of the flesh (<a href="/galatians/5-20.htm">Galatians 5:20</a>). Altogether different is the meaning of the word in <a href="/deuteronomy/21-15.htm">Deuteronomy 21:15</a>; <a href="/matthew/6-24.htm">Matthew 6:24</a>; <a href="/luke/14-26.htm">Luke 14:26</a>; <a href="/romans/9-13.htm">Romans 9:13</a>, where it denotes only a less degree of love. <a name="web" id="web"></a><div class="vheading2">Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary</div>(<I>n.</I>) Strong aversion; intense dislike; hate; an affection of the mind awakened by something regarded as evil.<a name="isb" id="isb"></a><div class="vheading2">International Standard Bible Encyclopedia</div><span class="encheading">HATE; HATRED</span><p>hat, ha'-tred (verb, sane', "oftenest," saTam, <a href="/genesis/27-41.htm">Genesis 27:41</a>, etc.; noun, sin'ah; miseo): A feeling of strong antagonism and dislike, generally malevolent and prompting to injury (the opposite of love); sometimes born of moral resentment. Alike in the Old Testament and New Testament, hate of the malevolent sort is unsparingly condemned (<a href="/numbers/35-20.htm">Numbers 35:20</a> <a href="/psalms/109-5.htm">Psalm 109:5</a> <a href="/proverbs/10-12.htm">Proverbs 10:12</a> <a href="/titus/3-3.htm">Titus 3:3</a> <a href="/1_john/3-15.htm">1 John 3:15</a>), but in the Old Testament hatred of evil and evil-doers, purged of personal malice, is commended (<a href="/psalms/97-10.htm">Psalm 97:10</a>; <a href="/psalms/101-3.htm">Psalm 101:3</a>; 139:21, 22, etc.). The New Testament law softens this feeling as regards persons, bringing it under the higher law of love (<a href="/matthew/5-43.htm">Matthew 5:43, 14</a>; compare <a href="/romans/12-17.htm">Romans 12:17-21</a>), while intensifying the hatred of evil (<a href="/jude/1-23.htm">Jude 1:23</a> <a href="/revelation/2-6.htm">Revelation 2:6</a>). God himself is hated by the wicked (<a href="/exodus/20-5.htm">Exodus 20:5</a> <a href="/psalms/139-21.htm">Psalm 139:21</a>; compare <a href="/romans/8-7.htm">Romans 8:7</a>). Sometimes, however, the word "hate" is used hyperbolically in a relative sense to express only the strong preference of one to another. God loved Jacob, but hated Esau (<a href="/malachi/1-3.htm">Malachi 1:3</a> <a href="/romans/9-13.htm">Romans 9:13</a>); father and mother are to be hated in comparison with Christ (<a href="/luke/14-26.htm">Luke 14:26</a>; compare <a href="/matthew/10-37.htm">Matthew 10:37</a>).<br><br>See <a href="../e/enmity.htm">ENMITY</a>.<br><br>James Orr<p><a name="grk" id="grk"></a><div class="vheading2">Greek</div><a href="/greek/2189.htm"><span class="l">2189. echthra -- yesterday</span></a> <br><b>...</b> hostility, alienation. Cognate: 2189 -- properly, enemy (<b>hatred</b>, hostility);<br> enmity. See 2190 (). enmity, <b>hatred</b>. Feminine of <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2189.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p><a href="/greek/2190.htm"><span class="l">2190. echthros -- hostile</span></a> <br><b>...</b> 2190 -- properly, an ; someone (at ), animated by <b>hatred</b>. 2190 ("enemy"),<br> implies , proceeding out of a "" <b>hatred</b> on inflicting (). <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2190.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 7k</font><p><a href="/greek/3404.htm"><span class="l">3404. miseo -- to hate</span></a> <br><b>...</b> Word Origin from misos (<b>hatred</b>) Definition to hate NASB Word Usage hate<br> (13), hated (12), hateful (1), hates (12), hating (2). hate. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/3404.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 8k</font><a name="heb" id="heb"></a><div class="vheading2">Strong's Hebrew</div><a href="/hebrew/8135.htm"><span class="l">8135. sinah -- hating, <b>hatred</b></span></a><br><b>...</b> 8134, 8135. sinah. 8136 . hating, <b>hatred</b>. Transliteration: sinah Phonetic<br> Spelling: (sin-aw') Short Definition: <b>hatred</b>. Word Origin <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/8135.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p> <a href="/hebrew/342.htm"><span class="l">342. ebah -- enmity</span></a><br><b>...</b> Word Origin from ayab Definition enmity NASB Word Usage enmity (5). emnity, <b>hatred</b>.<br> From 'ayab; hostility -- emnity, <b>hatred</b>. see HEBREW 'ayab. 341, 342. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/342.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p> <a href="/hebrew/4895.htm"><span class="l">4895. mastemah -- animosity</span></a><br><b>...</b> Word Origin from satam Definition animosity NASB Word Usage hostility (2). <b>hatred</b>.<br> From the same as shotet; enmity -- <b>hatred</b>. see HEBREW shotet. 4894b, 4895. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/4895.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p> <a href="/hebrew/8130.htm"><span class="l">8130. sane -- to hate</span></a><br><b>...</b> to hate NASB Word Usage detest (1), enemy (3), enmity (1), foes (1), hate (78),<br> hated (28), hated her intensely (1), hates (19), hating (2), <b>hatred</b> (1), turned <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/8130.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><a name="lib" id="lib"></a><div class="vheading2">Library</div><p><a href="/library/spurgeon/spurgeons_sermons_volume_4_1858/righteous_hatred.htm"><span class="l">Righteous <b>Hatred</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Righteous <b>Hatred</b>. A Sermon <b>...</b> THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION is a golden chain with which the<br> hands of men are fettered from all <b>hatred</b>. The spirit of Christ is love. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 4 1858/righteous hatred.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_hatred_arises_from_envy.htm"><span class="l">Whether <b>Hatred</b> Arises from Envy?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES) Whether <b>hatred</b> arises from envy? Objection 1: It seems<br> that <b>hatred</b> does not arise from envy. For envy is sorrow for another's good. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether hatred arises from envy.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_love_is_a_cause.htm"><span class="l">Whether Love is a Cause of <b>Hatred</b>?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES) Whether love is a cause of <b>hatred</b>? Objection 1:<br> It would seem that love is not a cause of <b>hatred</b>. For "the <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether love is a cause.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_hatred_is_a_capital.htm"><span class="l">Whether <b>Hatred</b> is a Capital Sin?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES) Whether <b>hatred</b> is a capital sin? Objection 1: It would<br> seem that <b>hatred</b> is a capital sin. For <b>hatred</b> is directly opposed to charity. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether hatred is a capital.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_hatred_of_god_is.htm"><span class="l">Whether <b>Hatred</b> of God is the Greatest of Sins?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES) Whether <b>hatred</b> of God is the greatest of sins? Objection<br> 1: It would seem that <b>hatred</b> of God is not the greatest of sins. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether hatred of god is.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/of_hatred_six_articles_.htm"><span class="l">Of <b>Hatred</b> (Six Articles)</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES). We must now consider <b>hatred</b>: concerning which there are<br> six points of inquiry: (1) Whether evil is the cause and the object of <b>hatred</b>? <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/of hatred six articles .htm</font><p><a href="/library/spurgeon/spurgeons_sermons_volume_2_1856/hatred_without_cause.htm"><span class="l"><b>Hatred</b> Without Cause</span></a> <br><b>...</b> <b>Hatred</b> Without Cause. A Sermon (No.89). Delivered on Sabbath Morning, June 29, 1856,<br> by the. REV. CH SPURGEON. At New Park Street Chapel, Southwark. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 2 1856/hatred without cause.htm</font><p><a href="/library/tertullian/ad_nationes/chapter_i_name_hatred_felt.htm"><span class="l">The <b>Hatred</b> Felt by the Heathen against the Christians is Unjust <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Book I. Chapter I. "The <b>Hatred</b> Felt by the Heathen Against the Christians<br> is Unjust, Because Based on Culpable Ignorance. [458] [459] <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/tertullian/ad nationes/chapter i name hatred felt.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/whether_the_reason_for_divorce.htm"><span class="l">Whether the Reason for Divorce was <b>Hatred</b> for the Wife?</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF THE BILL OF DIVORCE (SEVEN ARTICLES) Whether the reason for divorce<br> was <b>hatred</b> for the wife? Objection 1: It would seem that <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether the reason for divorce.htm</font><p><a href="/library/aquinas/summa_theologica/of_hatred_six_articles__2.htm"><span class="l">Of <b>Hatred</b> (Six Articles)</span></a> <br><b>...</b> OF <b>HATRED</b> (SIX ARTICLES). <b>...</b> (2) Whether <b>hatred</b> of God is the greatest of sins?<br> (3) Whether <b>hatred</b> of one's neighbor is always a sin? <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/of hatred six articles 2.htm</font><a name="thes" id="thes"></a><div class="vheading2">Thesaurus</div><a href="/topical/h/hatred.htm"><span class="l"><b>Hatred</b> (30 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Int. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. HATE; <b>HATRED</b>. hat <b>...</b> See ENMITY. James Orr.<br> Multi-Version Concordance <b>Hatred</b> (30 Occurrences). Matthew <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/h/hatred.htm - 17k</font><p><a href="/topical/o/objects.htm"><span class="l">Objects (30 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Matthew 10:22 And you will be objects of universal <b>hatred</b> because you are called<br> by my name; but he who holds out to the End--he will be saved. (WEY). <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/o/objects.htm - 15k</font><p><a href="/topical/u/universal.htm"><span class="l">Universal (7 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Matthew 10:22 And you will be objects of universal <b>hatred</b> because you are called<br> by my name; but he who holds out to the End--he will be saved. (WEY). <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/u/universal.htm - 9k</font><p><a href="/topical/n/nazarene.htm"><span class="l">Nazarene (19 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> bitterness. It is hard to tell whether the appellation, on the lips of evil<br> spirits, signifies dread or <b>hatred</b> (Mark 1:24 Luke 4:34). <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/n/nazarene.htm - 18k</font><p><a href="/topical/i/intense.htm"><span class="l">Intense (13 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 2 Samuel 13:15 Then Amnon hated her with exceeding great <b>hatred</b>; for the <b>hatred</b><br> with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/i/intense.htm - 10k</font><p><a href="/topical/e/enmity.htm"><span class="l">Enmity (23 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Easton's Bible Dictionary Deep-rooted <b>hatred</b>. "I will <b>...</b> 16). Noah Webster's Dictionary.<br> 1. (n.) <b>Hatred</b>; hostility; unfriendly disposition. 2 <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/e/enmity.htm - 15k</font><p><a href="/topical/c/contentions.htm"><span class="l">Contentions (20 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> (WEB KJV ASV WBS YLT). Galatians 5:20 idolatry, sorcery, <b>hatred</b>, strifes, jealousies,<br> angers, contentions, disputes, schools of opinion, (DBY). <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/c/contentions.htm - 11k</font><p><a href="/topical/a/amnon.htm"><span class="l">Amnon (23 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> 2 Samuel 13:15 Then Amnon hated her with exceeding great <b>hatred</b>; for the <b>hatred</b><br> with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/a/amnon.htm - 15k</font><p><a href="/topical/p/pontius.htm"><span class="l">Pontius (4 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> their blood. They returned his <b>hatred</b> with cordiality, and accused him of<br> every crime, maladministration, cruelty, and robbery. He <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/p/pontius.htm - 36k</font><p><a href="/topical/p/pilate.htm"><span class="l">Pilate (60 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> their blood. They returned his <b>hatred</b> with cordiality, and accused him of<br> every crime, maladministration, cruelty, and robbery. He <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/p/pilate.htm - 53k</font><p><a name="res" id="res"></a><div class="vheading2">Resources</div><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/self-hatred.html">What does the Bible say about self-hatred? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/Bible-hate.html">What does the Bible say about hate? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/Christianophobia.html">What is Christianophobia? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://clyx.com/term/hatred.htm">Hatred: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com</a><br /><br /><a href="/concordance/">Bible Concordance</a> • <a href="/dictionary/">Bible Dictionary</a> • <a href="/encyclopedia/">Bible Encyclopedia</a> • <a href="/topical/">Topical Bible</a> • <a href="/thesaurus/">Bible Thesuarus</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="cnc" id="cnc"></a><div class="vheading2">Concordance</div><span class="encheading">Hatred (30 Occurrences)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/matthew/10-22.htm">Matthew 10:22</a></span><br />And you will be objects of universal <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> because you are called by my name; but he who holds out to the End--he will be saved. <br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/matthew/24-9.htm">Matthew 24:9</a></span><br />"At that time they will deliver you up to punishment and will put you to death; and you will be objects of <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> to all the nations because you are called by my name. <br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/matthew/27-18.htm">Matthew 27:18</a></span><br />For he knew that it was from envious <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> that Jesus had been brought before him. <br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/mark/13-13.htm">Mark 13:13</a></span><br />You will be objects of universal <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> because you are called by my name, but those who stand firm to the End will be saved.<br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/luke/21-17.htm">Luke 21:17</a></span><br />You will be the objects of universal <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> because you are called by my name; <br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/john/15-18.htm">John 15:18</a></span><br />If the world hates you, remember that it has first had me as the fixed object of its <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>.<br /><span class="source">(WEY)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/galatians/5-20.htm">Galatians 5:20</a></span><br />idolatry, sorcery, <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, strife, jealousies, outbursts of anger, rivalries, divisions, heresies,<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV DBY WBS YLT NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/james/4-4.htm">James 4:4</a></span><br />Adulterers and adulteresses! have ye not known that friendship of the world is enmity with God? whoever, then, may counsel to be a friend of the world, an enemy of God he is set.<br /><span class="source">(See NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/genesis/26-21.htm">Genesis 26:21</a></span><br />and they dig another well, and they strive also for it, and he calleth its name '<span class="boldtext">Hatred</span>.'<br /><span class="source">(YLT)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/numbers/35-20.htm">Numbers 35:20</a></span><br />If he thrust him of <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, or hurled at him, lying in wait, so that he died,<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/2_samuel/13-15.htm">2 Samuel 13:15</a></span><br />Then Amnon hated her with exceeding great <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>; for the hatred with which he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her. Amnon said to her, "Arise, be gone!"<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/25-19.htm">Psalms 25:19</a></span><br />Consider my enemies, for they are many. They hate me with cruel <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/36-2.htm">Psalms 36:2</a></span><br />For it flattereth him in his eyes, until his iniquity be found, and he be hated.<br /><span class="source">(See NAS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/109-2.htm">Psalms 109:2</a></span><br />For the mouth of wickedness, and the mouth of deceit, Against me they have opened, They have spoken with me -- A tongue of falsehood, and words of <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>!<br /><span class="source">(YLT)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/109-3.htm">Psalms 109:3</a></span><br />They have also surrounded me with words of <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, and fought against me without a cause.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS NAS NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/109-5.htm">Psalms 109:5</a></span><br />They have rewarded me evil for good, and <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> for my love.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/psalms/139-22.htm">Psalms 139:22</a></span><br />I hate them with perfect <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>. They have become my enemies. <br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/proverbs/8-13.htm">Proverbs 8:13</a></span><br />The fear of the LORD is to hate evil; pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, and the froward mouth, do I hate.<br /><span class="source">(See RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/proverbs/10-12.htm">Proverbs 10:12</a></span><br /><span class="boldtext">Hatred</span> stirs up strife, but love covers all wrongs.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/proverbs/10-18.htm">Proverbs 10:18</a></span><br />He who hides <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> has lying lips. He who utters a slander is a fool. <br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/proverbs/15-17.htm">Proverbs 15:17</a></span><br />Better is a dinner of herbs, where love is, than a fattened calf with <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/proverbs/26-26.htm">Proverbs 26:26</a></span><br />Whose <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> is covered by deceit, his wickedness shall be shewed before the whole congregation.<br /><span class="source">(KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ecclesiastes/9-1.htm">Ecclesiastes 9:1</a></span><br />For all this I laid to my heart, even to explore all this: that the righteous, and the wise, and their works, are in the hand of God; whether it is love or <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, man doesn't know it; all is before them.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ecclesiastes/9-6.htm">Ecclesiastes 9:6</a></span><br />Also their love, their <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, and their envy has perished long ago; neither have they any more a portion forever in anything that is done under the sun.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ezekiel/23-29.htm">Ezekiel 23:29</a></span><br />and they shall deal with you in <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, and shall take away all your labor, and shall leave you naked and bare; and the nakedness of your prostitution shall be uncovered, both your lewdness and your prostitution.<br /><span class="source">(WEB JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ezekiel/25-15.htm">Ezekiel 25:15</a></span><br />Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because the Philistines have dealt by revenge, and have taken vengeance with a despiteful heart, to destroy it for the old <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>;<br /><span class="source">(KJV JPS DBY WBS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ezekiel/35-5.htm">Ezekiel 35:5</a></span><br />Because thou hast had a perpetual <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>, and hast shed the blood of the children of Israel by the force of the sword in the time of their calamity, in the time that their iniquity had an end:<br /><span class="source">(KJV JPS DBY WBS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/ezekiel/35-11.htm">Ezekiel 35:11</a></span><br />therefore, as I live, says the Lord Yahweh, I will do according to your anger, and according to your envy which you have shown out of your <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> against them; and I will make myself known among them, when I shall judge you.<br /><span class="source">(WEB KJV JPS ASV DBY WBS YLT NAS RSV NIV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/hosea/9-7.htm">Hosea 9:7</a></span><br />The days of visitation are come, the days of recompence are come; Israel shall know it: the prophet is a fool, the spiritual man is mad, for the multitude of thine iniquity, and the great <span class="boldtext">hatred</span>.<br /><span class="source">(KJV WBS YLT RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/hosea/9-8.htm">Hosea 9:8</a></span><br />The watchman of Ephraim was with my God: but the prophet is a snare of a fowler in all his ways, and <span class="boldtext">hatred</span> in the house of his God.<br /><span class="source">(KJV WBS YLT RSV)</span><a name="sub" id="sub"></a><div class="vheading2">Subtopics</div><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/h/hatred.htm">Hatred</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_is_murder.htm">Hatred is Murder</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/naves/h/hatred_of_god.htm">Hatred of God</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ_is_on_account_of_his_testimony_against_the_world.htm">Hatred to Christ is on Account of his Testimony Against the World</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ_is_without_cause.htm">Hatred to Christ is Without Cause</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--chief_priests.htm">Hatred to Christ: Chief Priests</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--illustrated.htm">Hatred to Christ: Illustrated</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--involves--hatred_to_his_father.htm">Hatred to Christ: Involves: Hatred to his Father</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--involves--hatred_to_his_people.htm">Hatred to Christ: Involves: Hatred to his People</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--jews.htm">Hatred to Christ: Jews</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--no_escape_for_those_who_persevere_in.htm">Hatred to Christ: No Escape for Those Who Persevere In</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--punishment_of.htm">Hatred to Christ: Punishment of</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred_to_christ--scribes.htm">Hatred to Christ: Scribes</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--a_work_of_the_flesh.htm">Hatred: A Work of the Flesh</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/naves/h/hatred--against_iniquity,_justified.htm">Hatred: Against Iniquity, Justified</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--ahab.htm">Hatred: Ahab</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--cain.htm">Hatred: Cain</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--chaldeans.htm">Hatred: Chaldeans</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--christ_experienced.htm">Hatred: Christ Experienced</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--embitters_life.htm">Hatred: Embitters Life</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--enemies_of_daniel.htm">Hatred: Enemies of Daniel</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--enemies_of_the_jews.htm">Hatred: Enemies of the Jews</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--esau.htm">Hatred: Esau</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--forbidden.htm">Hatred: Forbidden</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--haman.htm">Hatred: Haman</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--herodias.htm">Hatred: Herodias</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--inconsistent_with--liars_prone_to.htm">Hatred: Inconsistent With: Liars Prone To</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--inconsistent_with--the_knowledge_of_god.htm">Hatred: Inconsistent With: The Knowledge of God</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--inconsistent_with--the_love_of_god.htm">Hatred: Inconsistent With: The Love of God</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--joseph's_brethren.htm">Hatred: Joseph's Brethren</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--leads_to_deceit.htm">Hatred: Leads to Deceit</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--men_of_gilead.htm">Hatred: Men of Gilead</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--often_cloaked_by_deceit.htm">Hatred: Often Cloaked by Deceit</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--punishment_of.htm">Hatred: Punishment of</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saints_should_expect.htm">Hatred: Saints should Expect</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saints_should_give_no_cause_for.htm">Hatred: Saints should Give No Cause For</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saints_should_not_marvel_at.htm">Hatred: Saints should not Marvel At</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saints_should_not_rejoice_in_the_calamities_of_those_who_exhibit.htm">Hatred: Saints should not Rejoice in the Calamities of Those Who Exhibit</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saints_should_return_good_for.htm">Hatred: Saints should Return Good For</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--saul.htm">Hatred: Saul</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/naves/h/hatred--scriptures_relating_to.htm">Hatred: Scriptures Relating To</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--stirs_up_strife.htm">Hatred: Stirs up Strife</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--the_jews.htm">Hatred: The Jews</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--the_wicked_exhibit--towards_each_other.htm">Hatred: The Wicked Exhibit: Towards Each Other</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--the_wicked_exhibit--towards_god.htm">Hatred: The Wicked Exhibit: Towards God</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--the_wicked_exhibit--towards_saints.htm">Hatred: The Wicked Exhibit: Towards Saints</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--we_should_exhibit_against--backsliding.htm">Hatred: we should Exhibit Against: Backsliding</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--we_should_exhibit_against--evil.htm">Hatred: we should Exhibit Against: Evil</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--we_should_exhibit_against--false_ways.htm">Hatred: we should Exhibit Against: False Ways</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--we_should_exhibit_against--hatred_and_opposition_to_god.htm">Hatred: we should Exhibit Against: Hatred and Opposition to God</a></p><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/ttt/h/hatred--we_should_exhibit_against--lying.htm">Hatred: we should Exhibit Against: Lying</a></p><a name="rel" id="rel"></a><div class="vheading2">Related Terms</div><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/objects.htm">Objects (30 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/u/universal.htm">Universal (7 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/n/nazarene.htm">Nazarene (19 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/intense.htm">Intense (13 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/enmity.htm">Enmity (23 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/c/contentions.htm">Contentions (20 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/amnon.htm">Amnon (23 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/p/pontius.htm">Pontius (4 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/p/pilate.htm">Pilate (60 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/satan.htm">Satan (50 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/samaritans.htm">Samaritans (9 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/n/nicanor.htm">Nicanor (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/c/covers.htm">Covers (50 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/envy.htm">Envy (56 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/h/hateth.htm">Hateth (38 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/c/covereth.htm">Covereth (61 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/strife.htm">Strife (71 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/repentance.htm">Repentance (28 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/sadducees.htm">Sadducees (14 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/m/mad.htm">Mad (22 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/exceeding.htm">Exceeding (101 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fact.htm">Fact (98 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/treat.htm">Treat (53 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/taxing.htm">Taxing (3 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/iscariot.htm">Iscariot (11 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/tax.htm">Tax (43 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/discomfiture.htm">Discomfiture (6 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/h/herod.htm">Herod (45 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/judas.htm">Judas (42 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/h/hate.htm">Hate (177 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/z/zealots.htm">Zealots</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/z/zealot.htm">Zealot (4 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/u/uttereth.htm">Uttereth (30 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/u/utters.htm">Utters (26 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/u/utmost.htm">Utmost (21 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/odious.htm">Odious (9 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/outbursts.htm">Outbursts (5 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/object.htm">Object (76 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/jesus.htm">Jesus (10891 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/josephus.htm">Josephus</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/jealousies.htm">Jealousies (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/j/joseph.htm">Joseph (248 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/g/grudge.htm">Grudge (11 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/g/gentiles.htm">Gentiles (150 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/g/gnash.htm">Gnash (12 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/investigate.htm">Investigate (11 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/i/intentionally.htm">Intentionally (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/p/persecution.htm">Persecution (22 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fattened.htm">Fattened (19 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/flavius.htm">Flavius</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/firm.htm">Firm (111 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fiercely.htm">Fiercely (8 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fatted.htm">Fatted (17 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/foe.htm">Foe (23 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fixed.htm">Fixed (284 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/feud.htm">Feud (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fornications.htm">Fornications (14 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/f/fits.htm">Fits (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/throws.htm">Throws (8 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/t/tread.htm">Tread (60 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/rivalries.htm">Rivalries (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/revengefully.htm">Revengefully (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/rage.htm">Rage (43 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/repaid.htm">Repaid (16 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/r/rezon.htm">Rezon (3 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/envious.htm">Envious (16 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/emulations.htm">Emulations (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/explore.htm">Explore (13 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/encompassed.htm">Encompassed (34 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/execration.htm">Execration (9 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/e/esau.htm">Esau (89 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/detestation.htm">Detestation (5 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/discord.htm">Discord (7 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/divisions.htm">Divisions (92 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/dissimulation.htm">Dissimulation (3 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/decease.htm">Decease (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/disclosed.htm">Disclosed (18 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/deceit.htm">Deceit (160 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/drusilla.htm">Drusilla (1 Occurrence)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/topical/naves/h/hatita--a_porter_of_the_temple.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Hatita: A Porter of the Temple"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Hatita: A Porter of the Temple" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/topical/h/hatred_and_jealousy.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Hatred and Jealousy"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Hatred and Jealousy" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" 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