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typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg/211px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg" decoding="async" width="211" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg/317px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg/422px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_front_with_lenses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>Nikon NASA F4 front view with DA-20 action finder, Electronics Box and lenses.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg/300px-Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg/450px-Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg/600px-Nikon_F4_ESC_NASA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2966" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Nikon NASA F4 together with HERCULES measurement and <a href="/wiki/Ring_laser_gyroscope" title="Ring laser gyroscope">ring laser gyroscope</a> right, its Electronics Box in the center and the laptop mounted atop the HERCULES Playback-Downlink Unit and Attitude Processor left.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Nikon NASA F4 Electronic Still Camera</b> is one of the first and rarest fully <a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital cameras</a> with development started in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-onev_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onev-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chap_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <a href="/wiki/Nikon" title="Nikon">Nikon</a> delivered a modified <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F4" title="Nikon F4">Nikon F4</a> body, most of the electronics for the digital camera and housings were designed and manufactured by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a> and other suppliers. It was first flown in September 1991 on board the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Space Shuttle <i>Discovery</i></a>, mission <a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-press_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-press-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nasaf4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasaf4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later the cameras were flown on several other <a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">Shuttle missions</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a>, <a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">45</a>, <a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">42</a>, <a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">49</a>, <a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">53</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56">56</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">61</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the camera was often used alone mounted with its Electronics Box, the <b>HERCULES</b> system<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was built around it: Hand-held Earth-oriented Real-time Cooperative, User-friendly, Location, targeting, and Environmental System.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes <a href="/wiki/Grid_GridCase_1535EXP" class="mw-redirect" title="Grid GridCase 1535EXP">one of the first laptops in space</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mounted atop the Playback-<a href="/wiki/Downlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Downlink">Downlink</a> Unit (PDU) and the kit also included the HERCULES Attitude Processor (HAP, a <a href="/wiki/Gyroscope" title="Gyroscope">gyroscope</a> based <a href="/wiki/Geolocation" class="mw-redirect" title="Geolocation">geolocation</a> processor with initialization through star alignment shot with Nikon NASA F4 and additionally <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> data, giving up to 0.005 degrees per hour precision<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), Electronic Still Camera (ESC) Electronics Box (ESCEB) including removable imagery data storage disks, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Research_Laboratory" title="United States Naval Research Laboratory">NRL</a> HERCULES Inertial Measurement Unit (HIMU) with the three-axis <a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a> <a href="/wiki/Ring_laser_gyroscope" title="Ring laser gyroscope">ring laser gyroscope</a>, DA-20 action finder, a <a href="/wiki/Night_vision" title="Night vision">night vision</a> <a href="/wiki/Image_intensifier" title="Image intensifier">image intensifier</a> as well as assorted <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F-mount" title="Nikon F-mount">lenses</a> and cables. It was flown on the STS-53 and 56 missions and was succeeded by the HERCULES-B.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_NASA_F4&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg/220px-1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg/330px-1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg/440px-1971_Nikon_Photomic_FTn_NASA_Modified_2012_CP%2B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="2473" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a> (<a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>) Nikon F with FTn Photomic prism and motor drive, usable for <a href="/wiki/Extra-vehicular_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-vehicular activity">extra-vehicular activity</a>. The first <a href="/wiki/35mm_format" class="mw-redirect" title="35mm format">35 mm</a> <a href="/wiki/Single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Single-lens reflex camera">SLR</a> in lunar orbit.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Photos_taken_with_Nikon_NASA_F4" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Photos taken with Nikon NASA F4">Nikon NASA F4</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p>Nikon has been a supplier of <a href="/wiki/Extra-vehicular_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-vehicular activity">space (EVA)</a> capable cameras<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for NASA since 1971, when they delivered a modified <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F" title="Nikon F">Nikon F</a> <a href="/wiki/Single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Single-lens reflex camera">SLR</a> Photomic FTn camera<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with center-weighted <a href="/wiki/Through-the-lens_metering" title="Through-the-lens metering">TTL metering</a> system,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was first used on the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a> mission.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1973, a newer modified version of the Nikon F with a motor drive was delivered for use in <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a>. In 1980<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1989, Nikon delivered modified, space capable <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F3" title="Nikon F3">F3</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (big and small version) respectively <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F4" title="Nikon F4">F4</a> cameras to NASA, which were used in the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a>. </p><p>Nikon's first digital camera (<a href="/wiki/Still_video_camera" title="Still video camera">still video camera</a>, with analog storage) was the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_Still_Video_Camera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikon Still Video Camera (page does not exist)">Nikon Still Video Camera</a> (SVC) Model 1, a prototype which was first presented at <a href="/wiki/Photokina_1986" class="mw-redirect" title="Photokina 1986">photokina 1986</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The follower <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_QV-1000C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikon QV-1000C (page does not exist)">Nikon QV-1000C</a> Still Video Camera was produced since 1988 mainly for professional press use.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both cameras used QV mount lenses, a variant of <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F-mount" title="Nikon F-mount">Nikon F-mount</a> lenses. Via an adapter (QM-100) other F-mount lenses can be fitted. </p><p>The NASA Electronic Still Camera / Nikon NASA F4 was followed by the NASA-used Nikon-based <a href="/wiki/Kodak_DCS_400_series" title="Kodak DCS 400 series">Kodak DCS 460</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kodak_DCS_700_series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kodak DCS 700 series (page does not exist)">DCS 660</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kodak_DCS_700_series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kodak DCS 700 series (page does not exist)">DCS 760</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D1" title="Nikon D1">Nikon D1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2X" title="Nikon D2X">D2X</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2Xs" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon D2Xs">D2Xs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3" title="Nikon D3">D3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3X" title="Nikon D3X">D3X</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3S" title="Nikon D3S">D3S</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D4" title="Nikon D4">D4</a><sup id="cite_ref-NASA_Johnson_photos_1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA_Johnson_photos_1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D800#D800E" title="Nikon D800">D800E</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA_Johnson_photos_2_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA_Johnson_photos_2-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Nikon F-mount is the only <a href="/wiki/35mm_format" class="mw-redirect" title="35mm format">35mm</a> SLR or DSLR <a href="/wiki/Lens_mount" title="Lens mount">lens mount</a> ever used by NASA.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_NASA_F4&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg/200px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg/300px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg/400px-Nikon_Nasa_F4_back.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Nikon NASA F4 back view with DA-20 action finder and Electronics Box.</figcaption></figure> <p>The camera was based on a modified <a href="/wiki/Nikon_F4" title="Nikon F4">F4</a> with standard F-mount and had a <a href="/wiki/Digital_camera_back" title="Digital camera back">digital camera back</a> with a monochrome <a href="/wiki/Charge-coupled_device" title="Charge-coupled device">CCD</a> <a href="/wiki/Image_sensor" title="Image sensor">image sensor</a> with 1024 x 1024 <a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">pixels</a> on an area of 15 x 15mm developed by Ford Aerospace.<sup id="cite_ref-nasaf4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasaf4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Film_speed#Digital_camera_ISO_speed_and_exposure_index" title="Film speed">ISO</a> 200 was the only light sensitivity, without infrared filter ISO 400.<sup id="cite_ref-onev_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onev-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chap_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Removable <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Drive_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Drive Electronics">IDE</a> hard-disks were used for digital storage of 40 images each with 8 bits per pixel. The camera's <a href="/wiki/Imaging_sensor_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Imaging sensor interface">imaging sensor interface</a> was based on an <a href="/wiki/Altera" title="Altera">Altera</a> Stand Alone <a href="/wiki/Microsequencer" title="Microsequencer">Microsequencer</a> and employed a 1 image <a href="/wiki/Static_random-access_memory" title="Static random-access memory">SRAM</a> storage buffer. The removable hard drive, <a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">RS-232</a> interface, LCD display, <a href="/wiki/Ku-Band" class="mw-redirect" title="Ku-Band">Ku-Band</a> <a href="/wiki/Downlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Downlink">downlink</a> interface and remaining camera control were accomplished with a Wildcard 88 (<a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> <a href="/wiki/80C88" class="mw-redirect" title="80C88">80C88</a> 8 MHz <a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a>) <a href="/wiki/Single-board_computer" title="Single-board computer">single-board computer</a>. Images were transmitted to the ground via the Orbiter Ku-Band digital downlink at a rate of 2 Mbit/s.<sup id="cite_ref-press_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-press-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within 1 hour the images were processed at Johnson Space Center's <a href="/wiki/Pixar_Image_Computer" title="Pixar Image Computer">Pixar Image Computer</a> and laser printed.<sup id="cite_ref-onev_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onev-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three copies of the NASA Electronic Still Camera were produced. The original development team included NASA Civil Servant electronic and mechanical design and fabrication, <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> development of the Electronic Still Camera ground station, <a href="/wiki/Nikon" title="Nikon">Nikon</a> Engineering supplying in total 14 modified Nikon F4 camera bodies also for prototypes, and <a href="/wiki/Ford_Aerospace" title="Ford Aerospace">Ford Aerospace</a> and <a href="/wiki/JPL" class="mw-redirect" title="JPL">JPL</a> development of the CCD image sensor.<sup id="cite_ref-onev_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onev-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Developed upgrades included a 2048 x 2048 CCD sensor, a color CCD and architecture changes, but finally the Kodak DCS 460 was preferred.<sup id="cite_ref-onev_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onev-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chap_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_NASA_F4&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_E_series" title="Nikon E series">Nikon E series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cameras_on_ISS" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cameras on ISS">List of cameras on ISS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_cameras_on_spacecraft" title="List of NASA cameras on spacecraft">List of NASA cameras on spacecraft</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_NASA_F4&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-onev-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-onev_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-onev_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-onev_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-onev_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-onev_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onevisionphoto.com/nasaF4ESC.htm">NASA Nikon F4 Electronic Still Camera</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chap-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chap_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chap_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chap_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timmchapman.com/gallery/nasa-nikon-f4-electronic-still-camera">NASA Nikon F4 Electronic Still Camera</a> Timm Chapman Photography: NASA Nikon Space Camera Profiles</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-press-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-press_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-press_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-48/sts-48-press-kit.txt">"SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION STS-48 PRESS KIT SEPTEMBER 1991"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SPACE+SHUTTLE+MISSION+STS-53+PRESS+KIT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.ksc.nasa.gov%2Fshuttle%2Fmissions%2Fsts-53%2Fsts-53-press-kit.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-56/sts-56-press-kit.txt">"SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION STS-56 PRESS KIT"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SPACE+SHUTTLE+MISSION+STS-56+PRESS+KIT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.ksc.nasa.gov%2Fshuttle%2Fmissions%2Fsts-56%2Fsts-56-press-kit.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-61/sts-61-press-kit.txt">"SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION STS-61 PRESS KIT"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SPACE+SHUTTLE+MISSION+STS-61+PRESS+KIT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.ksc.nasa.gov%2Fshuttle%2Fmissions%2Fsts-61%2Fsts-61-press-kit.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChapman" class="citation web cs1">Chapman, Timm J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160321164934/http://www.onevisionphoto.com/nasaF4ESC-HERCULES.htm">"The NASA HERCULES Payload"</a>. <i>One Vision Photography</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onevisionphoto.com/nasaF4ESC-HERCULES.htm">the original</a> on 21 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=One+Vision+Photography&rft.atitle=The+NASA+HERCULES+Payload&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Timm+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onevisionphoto.com%2FnasaF4ESC-HERCULES.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jfEDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Popular%20Mechanics%20SKY%20CAMERA%20MAPS%20TARGETS.&pg=PA24">Sky Camera Maps Targets: HERCULES</a> Popular Mechanics Sep 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/applicationofspa00whit/applicationofspa00whit_djvu.txt">Application of Space Shuttle Project HERCULES imagery in the investigation of ship cloud tracks</a> Whitmeyer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nikonhistoricalsociety.yuku.com/topic/446#.TlFZtm98K9M">Additional information on the NASA F4 in NHS issue 95. The F4 from flight STS-053.</a> Nikon Historical Society</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/255325/">HERCULES attitude processor: gyro data processing system for real-time geolocation of images captured by astronauts</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/shuttle_pk/pk/Flight_070_STS-070_Press_Kit.pdf">STS-70 Press Kit</a> NASA</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popphoto.com/gear/2011/07/how-does-nasa-get-nikon-d2xs-ready-to-go-to-space">How Does NASA Get a Nikon D2Xs DSLR Ready to Go to Space?</a> Popphoto.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imaging.nikon.com/products/imaging/technology/archives/filmcamera/slr/1965-1969/photomic_ftn/index.htm">Nikon Photomic FTN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091228105022/http://imaging.nikon.com/products/imaging/technology/archives/filmcamera/slr/1965-1969/photomic_ftn/index.htm">Archived</a> 28 December 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Nikon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mir.com.my/michaeliu/cameras/nikonf/ffinders/ftnfinder.htm">Nikon F - Nikon FTn Meter Finder/Prisms</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120717044318/http://www.mir.com.my/michaeliu/cameras/nikonf/ffinders/ftnfinder.htm">Archived</a> 17 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Mir</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apphotnum.free.fr/nouveautes/Nikon%20cameras%20and%20NASA.html">Nikon cameras and NASA</a> TATENO, Yokoyuki, Apphotnum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imaging.nikon.com/history/chronicle/rhnc12ti-e/">Special titanium Nikon cameras and NASA cameras</a> Nikon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikon.com/about/info/history/corporate/">Corporate History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090506041016/http://www.nikon.com/about/info/history/corporate/">Archived</a> 6 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Nikon</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/hardwares/classics/nikonf3ver2/variations/Nikon_F3_NASA_250/index.htm">Nikon F3 NASA 250</a> Mir.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/htmls/models/digitalSLRs/SVC/index.htm">Additional information on Nikon Video Still Camera Model 1 & Nikon QV-1000C Still Video Camera</a> MIR</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikonweb.com/svc/">Nikon Still Video Camera (prototype)</a> Nikonweb</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikonweb.com/paris2005/">Nikon QV-1000C? Never heard of it.</a> Nikonweb</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA_Johnson_photos_1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NASA_Johnson_photos_1_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNASA2015" class="citation web cs1">NASA (28 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/22099839334/">"NASA Johnson"</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NASA+Johnson&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2015-03-28&rft.au=NASA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fnasa2explore%2F22099839334%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA_Johnson_photos_2-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NASA_Johnson_photos_2_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNASA2015" class="citation web cs1">NASA (6 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa2explore/22642817240/">"NASA Johnson"</a>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NASA+Johnson&rft.pub=NASA&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft.au=NASA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fnasa2explore%2F22642817240%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikon+NASA+F4" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/FAQ/#camera">Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth: What are the different choices of cameras?</a> NASA</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_NASA_F4&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nikon_NASA_F4" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nikon NASA F4">Nikon NASA F4</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/mirrors/images/html/STS48.htm">Nikon NASA F4 (ESC) Images taken at Mission STS-48 (E)</a> NASA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/mirrors/images/html/STS49.htm">Nikon NASA F4 (ESC) Images taken at Mission STS-49 (E)</a> NASA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/mirrors/images/html/STS56.htm">HERCULES Earth observation Nikon NASA F4 (ESC) Images taken at Mission STS-56 (E)</a> NASA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/mirrors/images/html/STS61.htm">Nikon 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title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">DSLR</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_single-lens_reflex_camera#History" title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">timeline</a> <small>(comparison)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; margin:2px 0 0 0" class="wikitable wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="font-weight:bold"> <td rowspan="2" style="width:4em">Sensor </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Target_audience" title="Target audience">Class</a> </td> <td colspan="4">'01 </td> <td colspan="4">'02 </td> <td colspan="4">'03 </td> <td colspan="4">'04 </td> <td colspan="4">'05 </td> <td colspan="4">'06 </td> <td colspan="4">'07 </td> <td colspan="4">'08 </td> <td colspan="4">'09 </td> <td colspan="4">'10 </td> <td colspan="4">'11 </td> <td colspan="4">'12 </td> <td colspan="4">'13 </td> <td colspan="4">'14 </td> <td colspan="4">'15 </td> <td colspan="4">'16 </td> <td colspan="4">'17 </td> <td colspan="4">'18 </td> <td colspan="4">'19 </td> <td colspan="4">'20 </td> <td colspan="4">'21 </td> <td colspan="4">'22 </td> <td colspan="4">'23 </td> <td colspan="4">'24 </td> <td colspan="4">'25 </td></tr> <tr style="font-weight:bold"> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="border-top:solid darkgrey"> <td rowspan="6"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_FX_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikon FX format">FX<br />(Full-<br />frame)</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#F2F2F2">Flagship </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3X" title="Nikon D3X">D3X</a></span> <sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3" title="Nikon D3">D3</a></span> <sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#f8c3b9"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3S" title="Nikon D3S">D3S</a></span> </span><sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D4" title="Nikon D4">D4</a></span></span></span> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D4S" title="Nikon D4S">D4S</a></span></span></span> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#dbbde5"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5" title="Nikon D5"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D5</span></a></span><sup> T</sup> </td> <td colspan="23" style="background:#e3a7c0"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D6" title="Nikon D6"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D6</span></a></span><sup> T</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F2F2F2">Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D700" title="Nikon D700">D700</a></span> <sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D800" title="Nikon D800">D800</a></span></span></span> / <span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D800#D800E" title="Nikon D800">D800E</a></span></span></span> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D810" title="Nikon D810"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D810</span></a></span></span> / <span style="border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D810#Nikon_D810A" title="Nikon D810"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D810A</span></a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="34" style="background:#dbbde5"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D850" title="Nikon D850"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D850</span></a></span> <sup> AT</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#F2F2F2">Enthusiast </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="29" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_Df" title="Nikon Df">Df</a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="22" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D750" title="Nikon D750"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D750</span></a></span></span> <sup>A</sup> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#e3a7c0"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D780" title="Nikon D780"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D780</span></a></span> <sup>AT</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D600" title="Nikon D600">D600</a></span></span></span> </td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D610" title="Nikon D610">D610</a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr style="border-top:solid darkgrey"> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_DX_format" title="Nikon DX format">DX</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/APS-C" title="APS-C">APS-C</a>) </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#F2F2F2">Flagship </td> <td colspan="14" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D1#D1H_and_D1X" title="Nikon D1">D1X</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2X" title="Nikon D2X">D2X</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2X#Nikon_D2Xs" title="Nikon D2X">D2Xs</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D1#D1H_and_D1X" title="Nikon D1">D1H</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2H" title="Nikon D2H">D2H</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D2H#D2Hs" title="Nikon D2H">D2Hs</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background:#F2F2F2">Professional </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D100" title="Nikon D100">D100</a><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#d3d9d9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D200" title="Nikon D200">D200</a></span> <sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D300" title="Nikon D300">D300</a></span> <sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D300S" title="Nikon D300S"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D300S</span></a></span> <sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="25" style="background:#dbbde5"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D500" title="Nikon D500"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D500</span></a></span> <sup>AT</sup> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background:#F2F2F2">Enthusiast </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D70" title="Nikon D70">D70</a><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D70#D70s" title="Nikon D70">D70s</a><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D80" title="Nikon D80">D80</a><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D90" title="Nikon D90">D90</a></span><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#f8c3b9"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D7000" title="Nikon D7000"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D7000</span></a> </span><sup>−P</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D7100" title="Nikon D7100"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D7100</span></a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D7200" title="Nikon D7200"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D7200</span></a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="35" style="background:#dbbde5"><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D7500" title="Nikon D7500"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">D7500</span></a></span> <sup>AT</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background:#F2F2F2">Upper-entry<sup> *</sup> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D50" title="Nikon D50">D50</a><sup>−E</sup> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D40#Nikon_D40x" title="Nikon D40">D40X</a><sup>−E*</sup> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#fdddaa"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D60" title="Nikon D60">D60</a><sup>−E*</sup> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#fdddaa"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5000" title="Nikon D5000">D5000</a></span> <sup> A−P*</sup> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#f8c3b9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5100" title="Nikon D5100"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D5100</span></a><sup> A−P*</sup> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#b4e4c9"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5200" title="Nikon D5200"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D5200</span></a></span> <sup>A-P*</sup> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5300" title="Nikon D5300"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D5300</span></a></span> <sup>A*</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5500" title="Nikon D5500"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D5500</span></a></span> <sup>AT*</sup> </td> <td colspan="23" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D5600" title="Nikon D5600"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D5600</span></a></span> <sup>AT*</sup> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background:#F2F2F2">Entry-level<sup> *</sup> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background:#d3d9d9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D40" title="Nikon D40">D40</a><sup>−E*</sup> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background:#fdddaa"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3000" title="Nikon D3000">D3000</a><sup>−E*</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#f8c3b9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3100" title="Nikon D3100"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D3100</span></a><sup>−P*</sup> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background:#b4e4c9"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3200" title="Nikon D3200"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D3200</span></a><sup>−P*</sup> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3300" title="Nikon D3300"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D3300</span></a><sup>*</sup></span> </td> <td colspan="8" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3400" title="Nikon D3400"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D3400</span></a><sup>*</sup></span> </td> <td colspan="16" style="background:#b7dcf4"><span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D3500" title="Nikon D3500"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">D3500</span></a><sup>*</sup></span> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td style="background:#F2F2F2">Early models </td> <td colspan="100" style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_SVC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikon SVC (page does not exist)">Nikon SVC</a> (prototype; 1986)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikon_QV-1000C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikon QV-1000C (page does not exist)">Nikon QV-1000C</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nikon NASA F4</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_E_series" title="Nikon E series">Nikon E2/E2S</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_E_series" title="Nikon E series">Nikon E2N/E2NS</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_E_series" title="Nikon E series">Nikon E3/E3S</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_D1" title="Nikon D1">D1</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="border-top:solid darkgrey; font-weight:bold"> <td rowspan="2" style="width:4em">Sensor </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Target_audience" title="Target audience">Class</a> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="font-weight:bold"> <td colspan="4">'01 </td> <td colspan="4">'02 </td> <td colspan="4">'03 </td> <td colspan="4">'04 </td> <td colspan="4">'05 </td> <td colspan="4">'06 </td> <td colspan="4">'07 </td> <td colspan="4">'08 </td> <td colspan="4">'09 </td> <td colspan="4">'10 </td> <td colspan="4">'11 </td> <td colspan="4">'12 </td> <td colspan="4">'13 </td> <td colspan="4">'14 </td> <td colspan="4">'15 </td> <td colspan="4">'16 </td> <td colspan="4">'17 </td> <td colspan="4">'18 </td> <td colspan="4">'19 </td> <td colspan="4">'20 </td> <td colspan="4">'21 </td> <td colspan="4">'22 </td> <td colspan="4">'23 </td> <td colspan="4">'24 </td> <td colspan="4">'25 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="position:relative;text-align:left;"><div style="width:;height:;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:;left:;"><p><a href="/wiki/Template:Nikon_Z_cameras" title="Template:Nikon Z cameras">Nikon Z cameras >></a></p></div></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Image_processor" title="Image processor">PROCESSOR</a>:</b> <span style="background:#d3d9d9;padding:2px;">Pre-EXPEED</span> | <span style="background:#fdddaa;padding:2px;""><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed" title="Expeed">EXPEED</a></span> | <span style="background:#f8c3b9;padding:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed_2" title="Expeed">EXPEED 2</a></span> | <span style="background:#b4e4c9;padding:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed_3" title="Expeed">EXPEED 3</a></span> | <span style="background:#b7dcf4;padding:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed_4" title="Expeed">EXPEED 4</a></span> | <span style="background:#dbbde5;padding:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed_5" title="Expeed">EXPEED 5</a></span> | <span style="background:#e3a7c0;padding:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Expeed#Expeed_6" title="Expeed">EXPEED 6</a></span> <br /> <b>VIDEO:</b> <span style="width: 100px; display: inline; color: blue; border-bottom: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">HD video</a></span> / <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Video <a href="/wiki/Autofocus" title="Autofocus">AF</a></span> / <span style="width: 100px; display: inline; border-bottom: 1px dashed blue;"><a href="/wiki/Uncompressed_video" title="Uncompressed video"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Uncompressed</span></a></span> / <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution"><span style="border-bottom: 1px double; color: #0645AD; text-decoration: underline;">4k video</span></a>   ⋅   <b>SCREEN:</b> <a href="/wiki/Articulating_screen" title="Articulating screen">Articulating</a><sup> A </sup>, <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a><sup> T </sup>   ⋅   <b>BODY FEATURE:</b> <i><span style="border-top: 1px dashed #000;"><a href="/wiki/Weathering" title="Weathering">Weather Sealed</a></span></i> <br /> Without full <b><a href="/wiki/Nikon_F-mount#AF-P" title="Nikon F-mount">AF-P lens</a></b> support<sup>−P</sup>   ⋅   Without <b>AF-P</b> and without <b><a href="/wiki/Nikon_F-mount#E-type_lenses" title="Nikon F-mount">E-type lens</a></b> support<sup>−E</sup>   ⋅   Without an <b><a href="/wiki/Autofocus" title="Autofocus">AF</a></b> motor (needs <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nikon_F-mount_lenses_with_integrated_autofocus_motor" title="List of Nikon F-mount lenses with integrated autofocus motor">lenses with integrated motor</a></b>, except <a href="/wiki/Nikon_D50" title="Nikon D50">D50</a>)<sup> *</sup> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NASA578" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_space_program" title="Template:NASA space program"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NASA_space_program" title="Template talk:NASA space program"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NASA_space_program" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NASA space program"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NASA578" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Space policy of the United States">Policy</a> and history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">History<br />(<a href="/wiki/Creation_of_NASA" title="Creation of NASA">creation</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Advisory_Committee_for_Aeronautics" title="National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics">NACA</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Act" title="National Aeronautics and Space Act">National Aeronautics and Space Act</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Task_Group" title="Space Task Group">Space Task Group</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_O._Paine#National_Commission_on_Space" title="Thomas O. Paine">Paine</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">Rogers</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ride_Report" title="Ride Report">Ride</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Exploration_Initiative" title="Space Exploration Initiative">Space Exploration Initiative</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_Committee" title="Augustine Committee">Augustine</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States#Clinton_administration" title="Space policy of the United States">U.S. National Space Policy</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_the_Future_of_the_United_States_Aerospace_Industry" title="Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry">CFUSAI</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Accident_Investigation_Board" title="Columbia Accident Investigation Board">CAIB</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_for_Space_Exploration" title="Vision for Space Exploration">Vision for Space Exploration</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_Implementation_of_United_States_Space_Exploration_Policy" title="President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy">Aldridge</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Review_of_United_States_Human_Space_Flight_Plans_Committee" title="Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee">Augustine</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrators_and_deputy_administrators_of_NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="List of administrators and deputy administrators of NASA">Administrator and Deputy Administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Chief_Scientist" title="NASA Chief Scientist">Chief Scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Astronaut_Corps" title="NASA Astronaut Corps">Astronaut Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Ranks and positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Astronaut_Office" title="Chief of the Astronaut Office">Chief</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_NASA" title="Budget of NASA">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_research" title="NASA research">NASA research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA_spinoff_technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA spinoff technologies">spinoff technologies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA%2B" title="NASA+">NASA+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_TV" title="NASA TV">NASA TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Social" title="NASA Social">NASA Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_Services_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch Services Program">Launch Services Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Control_Center" title="Mercury Control Center">Mercury Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_48" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 48">Launch Complex 48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_Control_Center" title="Launch Control Center">Launch Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_and_Checkout_Building" title="Operations and Checkout Building">Operations and Checkout Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Mission Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Sample_Laboratory_Facility" title="Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility">Lunar Sample Laboratory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Mission_Directorate" title="Science Mission Directorate">Science Mission Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a><br />programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">X-15</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Mercury" title="Project Mercury">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gemini" title="Project Gemini">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a> (with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet space program</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir_program" title="Shuttle–Mir program">Shuttle–<i>Mir</i></a> (with <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation_program" title="Constellation program">Constellation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station_programme" title="International Space Station programme">International Space Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Orbital_Transportation_Services" title="Commercial Orbital Transportation Services">Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Crew_Program" title="Commercial Crew Program">Commercial Crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Gateway" title="Lunar Gateway">Lunar Gateway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Robotic_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotic spacecraft">Robotic</a> programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hitchhiker_Program" title="Hitchhiker Program">Hitchhiker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_program" title="Mariner program">Mariner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_Mark_II" title="Mariner Mark II">Mariner Mark II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MESUR" title="MESUR">MESUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Surveyor_%2798" title="Mars Surveyor '98">Mars Surveyor '98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Millennium_Program" title="New Millennium Program">New Millennium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_program" title="Pioneer program">Pioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Observer_program" title="Planetary Observer program">Planetary Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_program" title="Ranger program">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_program" title="Surveyor program">Surveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_program" title="Viking program">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Prometheus" title="Project Prometheus">Project Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Program" title="Mars Exploration Program">Mars Exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Living_With_a_Star" title="Living With a Star">Living With a Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" title="Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor Robotic Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Observing_System" title="Earth Observing System">Earth Observing System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Observatories_program" title="Great Observatories program">Great Observatories program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">Explorers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyager_program" title="Voyager program">Voyager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Program" title="Discovery Program">Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Frontiers_program" title="New Frontiers program">New Frontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Terrestrial_Probes_program" title="Solar Terrestrial Probes program">Solar Terrestrial Probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">Commercial Lunar Payload Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Innovative_Missions_for_Planetary_Exploration" title="Small Innovative Missions for Planetary Exploration">SIMPLEx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Individual featured<br /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">missions</a><br />(human and robotic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-Redstone_3" title="Mercury-Redstone 3">Mercury 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-Atlas_6" title="Mercury-Atlas 6">Mercury-Atlas 6</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magellan_(spacecraft)" title="Magellan (spacecraft)">Magellan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_10" title="Pioneer 10">Pioneer 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_11" title="Pioneer 11">Pioneer 11</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_project" title="Galileo project"><i>Galileo</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Galileo_(spacecraft)" title="Timeline of Galileo (spacecraft)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX" title="GALEX">GALEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_(rover)" title="Sojourner (rover)"><i>Sojourner</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquarius_(SAC-D_instrument)" title="Aquarius (SAC-D instrument)">Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens" title="Cassini–Huygens"><i>Cassini</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(spacecraft)" title="Dawn (spacecraft)"><i>Dawn</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler space telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opportunity_(rover)" title="Opportunity (rover)"><i>Opportunity</i> rover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Opportunity" title="Timeline of Opportunity">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surface_features_of_Mars_visited_by_Spirit_and_Opportunity" title="List of surface features of Mars visited by Spirit and Opportunity">observed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">RHESSI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InSight" title="InSight">InSight</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenuity_(helicopter)" title="Ingenuity (helicopter)"><i>Ingenuity</i> helicopter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ingenuity_flights" title="List of Ingenuity flights">flights</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Currently<br />operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2001_Mars_Odyssey" title="2001 Mars Odyssey">2001 Mars Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory"><i>Swift</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS" title="THEMIS">THEMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curiosity_(rover)" title="Curiosity (rover)"><i>Curiosity</i> rover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES_14" title="GOES 14">GOES 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES_15" title="GOES 15">GOES 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Allen_Probes" title="Van Allen Probes">Van Allen Probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">Solar Dynamics Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_(spacecraft)" title="Juno (spacecraft)"><i>Juno</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Mars Science Laboratory">Mars Science Laboratory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer">WISE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAVEN" title="MAVEN">MAVEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetospheric_Multiscale_Mission" title="Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission">MMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSIRIS-REx" title="OSIRIS-REx">OSIRIS-REx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2020" title="Mars 2020">Mars 2020</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perseverance_(rover)" title="Perseverance (rover)"><i>Perseverance</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_2020" title="Timeline of Mars 2020">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb Space Telescope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="Timeline of the James Webb Space Telescope">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plankton,_Aerosol,_Cloud,_ocean_Ecosystem" title="Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem">PACE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NISAR_(satellite)" title="NISAR (satellite)">NISAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope" title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope">Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAVINCI" title="DAVINCI">DAVINCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VERITAS_(spacecraft)" title="VERITAS (spacecraft)">VERITAS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_Communications_and_Navigation_Program" title="Space Communications and Navigation Program">Communications<br />and navigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Network" title="Near Earth Network">Near Earth Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Network" title="Space Network">Space Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Deep_Space_Network" title="NASA Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a> (<a href="/wiki/Goldstone_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex">Goldstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canberra_Deep_Space_Communication_Complex" title="Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex">Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Flight_Operations_Facility" title="Space Flight Operations Facility">Space Flight Operations Facility</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Atomic_Clock" title="Deep Space Atomic Clock">Deep Space Atomic Clock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">Astronauts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronauts_by_name" title="List of astronauts by name">by name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronauts_by_year_of_selection" title="List of astronauts by year of selection">by year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gemini_astronauts" title="List of Gemini astronauts">Gemini astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">Apollo astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">Space Shuttle crews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_aircraft" title="List of NASA aircraft">NASA aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">NASA missions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_uncrewed_NASA_missions" title="List of uncrewed NASA missions">uncrewed missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_missions" title="List of Apollo missions">Apollo missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rockets_of_the_United_States" title="List of rockets of the United States">United States rockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_cancellations" title="List of NASA cancellations">NASA cancellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_cameras_on_spacecraft" title="List of NASA cameras on spacecraft">NASA cameras on spacecraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA images<br />and artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Earthrise" title="Earthrise">Earthrise</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Family_Portrait_(Voyager)" title="Family Portrait (Voyager)">Family Portrait</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pale_Blue_Dot" title="Pale Blue Dot">Pale Blue Dot</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pillars_of_Creation" title="Pillars of Creation">Pillars of Creation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystic_Mountain" title="Mystic Mountain">Mystic Mountain</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Portrait_(MESSENGER)" title="Family Portrait (MESSENGER)"><i>Solar System Family Portrait</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_the_Earth_Smiled" title="The Day the Earth Smiled">The Day the Earth Smiled</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fallen_Astronaut" title="Fallen Astronaut">Fallen Astronaut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deep_fields" title="List of deep fields">Deep fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_plaque" title="Lunar plaque">Lunar plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_goodwill_messages" title="Apollo 11 goodwill messages">Apollo 11 goodwill messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_insignia" title="NASA insignia">NASA insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_space-flown_Gemini_and_Apollo_medallions" title="NASA space-flown Gemini and Apollo medallions">Gemini and Apollo medallions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_patch" title="Mission patch">Mission patches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hubble_Space_Telescope_anniversary_images" title="List of Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images">Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon" title="We choose to go to the Moon">We choose to go to the Moon</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Apollo 8 Genesis reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident" title="Apollo 15 postal covers incident">Apollo 15 postal covers incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Mirror_Memorial" title="Space Mirror Memorial">Space Mirror Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Astronaut_Monument" title="The Astronaut Monument">The Astronaut Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_sample_displays" title="Lunar sample displays">Lunar sample displays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon_rock" title="Moon rock">Moon rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_and_missing_Moon_rocks" title="Stolen and missing Moon rocks">stolen or missing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Astronaut_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Astronaut Hall of Fame">U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._space_exploration_history_on_U.S._stamps" title="U.S. space exploration history on U.S. stamps">Space program on U.S. stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe,_Fi,_Fo,_Fum,_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Apollo 17 Moon mice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_tree" title="Moon tree">Moon tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkeys_and_apes_in_space#United_States" title="Monkeys and apes in space">Other primates in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_International_Space_Apps_Challenge" title="NASA International Space Apps Challenge">NASA International Space Apps Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronauts_Day" title="Astronauts Day">Astronauts Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Astronaut_Day" title="National Astronaut Day">National Astronaut Day</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nikon NASA F4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" 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