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Ibrahim</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Maimuna Ibrahim"> <meta name="keywords" content="Maimuna Ibrahim"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Maimuna Ibrahim"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 706</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Maimuna Ibrahim</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">706</span> Chemical Analyses of Aspillia kotschyi (Sch. bipex, hochst) Oliv Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Umar%20Adamu">Abdu Umar Adamu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maimuna%20Ibrahim"> Maimuna Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this present work, a locally used medicinal plant, namely: Aspillia kotschyi belonging to the Compositae family, was extracted using methanolic and petroleum ether 60-80OC. The extracts were subjected to microwave plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MPES) to determine the following metals Se, Ag, Fe, Cu, Ni, As, Co, Mn, and Al. From the result, Ag, Cu, Ni, and Co are of very negligible concentrations in the plant extract. However, Seleniun is found to be 0.530 (mg/kg) in the plant methanolic extract. Iron, on the other hand, was found to be 3.712 (mg/kg) in the plant extract. Arsenic was found to be 0.506 and 1.301 (mg/kg) in both methanolic and petroleum spirit extracts of the plant material. The concentration of aluminium was found to be of the range of 3.050mg/kg in the plant. Functional group analysis of the plant extracts was also carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy which showed the presence of some functional groups. The results of this study suggest some merit in the popular use of the plant in herbal medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aspillia%20kotschyi" title="Aspillia kotschyi">Aspillia kotschyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20group" title=" functional group"> functional group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR" title=" FTIR"> FTIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPES" title=" MPES"> MPES</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155497/chemical-analyses-of-aspillia-kotschyi-sch-bipex-hochst-oliv-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">705</span> The Works of Ibrahim Eissa: A Controversy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malak%20Khaled%20Hosny">Malak Khaled Hosny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper inspects Ibrahim Eissa, a famous Egyptian writer and TV persona, and his literary and film works. Having faced threats of persecution and assassination, Eissa is a controversial figure in Egyptian media, and his works always pose a trigger of outrage and conversation. His book The Preacher, his movie The Guest, and his TV show Faten Amal Harby all led to some controversy unfolding in Egyptian society, and all led to conversations erupting in Egyptian households and on social media platforms. Through a close reading of his written work and an analytic watch of his work on-screen, the paper delves into the details of the intentions behind and the repercussions of Ibrahim Eissa's work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=censorship" title="censorship">censorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title=" film"> film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686/the-works-of-ibrahim-eissa-a-controversy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">704</span> Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotic Firefighting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Ibrahim%20Bello">Mukhtar Ibrahim Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20U.%20Aikawa"> Ibrahim U. Aikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Muhammad"> Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Baballe%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Baballe Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These vital signs can be tracked by wearable sensors, which can also be used to assess patients' health. As a result, they can be very beneficial to patients and healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly when it comes to taking a patient's body temperature in infectious disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20out-break" title="fire out-break">fire out-break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robots" title=" robots"> robots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saving" title=" saving"> saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20environments" title=" dangerous environments"> dangerous environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impacts" title=" impacts"> impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406/benefits-and-drawbacks-of-robotic-firefighting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">703</span> Analysis of Population and Growth Rate Methanotof Bateria as Reducers Methane Gases Emission in Rice Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maimuna%20Nontji">Maimuna Nontji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The life cycle of rice plant has three phases of growth; they are the vegetative, reproductive and maturation phase. They greatly affect the life of dynamics metanotrof bacterial as reducer methane emissions in the rice field, both of population and on the rate of growth. The aim of this study was to analyze the population and growth rate of methanotrof isolates which has been isolated in previous studies. Isolates were taken at all the life cycle of rice plant. Population of analysis was conducted by standard plate count method and growth rate was analysed by logarithmic calculation. The results showed that each isolate varied in population and growth rate. The highest population was obtained in the isolates Gowa Methanotrof Reproductive (GMR 8) about 7.06 x 10 11 cfu / ml on 3 days of incubation and the lowest population was obtained in the Gowa Methanotrof Maturation (GMP 5) about 0.27 x 10 11 cfu / ml on 7 day of incubation. Some isolate were demonstrated in long growth rate about 5 days of incubation and another are 3 days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title="emission">emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanotrof" title=" methanotrof"> methanotrof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population" title=" population"> population</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36182/analysis-of-population-and-growth-rate-methanotof-bateria-as-reducers-methane-gases-emission-in-rice-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">702</span> Phytochemical Screening, Anti-Microbial and Mineral Determination of Stachtarpheta indica Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isah%20Lakan">Ibrahim Isah Lakan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasiru%20Ibrahim"> Nasiru Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These Phytochemical screening, Antimicrobial activities and mineral Determination of aqueous extract of Stachtarpheta indica were assessed. The result reveals the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and anthraquinones. The disc diffusion of aqueous extract showed Escherichia coli, 13 and antibiotic, 19 mm; Bacillus subtilis, 10 and anti –biotic, 17 mm; Klebsiller pnemuoniae , 14 and antibiotic, 24mm and Pseudmonas aeruginosa, 24 and antibiotic, 36 mm which are all comparable with the standard antibiotic cyprotomycin. The mineral content determination by flame photometer revealed that 1.25 (Na+), 0.85 (K +), 1.75 (Ca 2+) % which is a clear indication of the safety of the extract for the hypertensive patients and could be used to lower blood pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbials" title="microbials">microbials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral" title=" mineral"> mineral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemicals" title=" phytochemicals"> phytochemicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stachtarpheta%20indica%20extracts" title=" stachtarpheta indica extracts"> stachtarpheta indica extracts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45759/phytochemical-screening-anti-microbial-and-mineral-determination-of-stachtarpheta-indica-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">701</span> Preliminary Design Considerations for Achieving Stabilized Orbit, Telemetary, Command, and Ranging for HTS Communication Satellite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samson%20Olufunmilayo%20Abodunrin"> Samson Olufunmilayo Abodunrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Dokko%20Zubairu"> Muhammad Dokko Zubairu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem"> Moshood Kareem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the consideration and trade-offs used for the implementation of robust systems for orbit stability; Telemetry, Command and Ranging (TC& R) for Nigcomsat-1R and applicability for planned NigComSat-2 satellites. NigComSat-1R satellite was built by China Academy of Space Technology (CAST). The Satellite designed with quad-band payload (L, C, Ku, and Ka) was launched on the 20th of December 2011. The functionality of all satellite is driven by robust systems including Attitude & Orbit Control System (AOCS) and TC&R. The planned Nigcomsat-2 is a high throughput Satellite expected to function with better AOCS and TC&R. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AOCS" title="AOCS">AOCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAST" title=" CAST"> CAST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigcomsat-1R" title=" Nigcomsat-1R"> Nigcomsat-1R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TC%26R" title=" TC&R"> TC&R</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158991/preliminary-design-considerations-for-achieving-stabilized-orbit-telemetary-command-and-ranging-for-hts-communication-satellite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">700</span> Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Root Bark Extracts from Glossonema boveanum (Decne.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Jibrin%20Uttu">Ahmed Jibrin Uttu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maimuna%20Waziri"> Maimuna Waziri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The root bark of Glossonema boveanum (Decne), a member of Apocynaceae family, is used by traditional medicine practitioner to treat urinary and respiratory tract infections, bacteremia, typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, diarrhea and stomach pain. This present study aims to validate the medicinal claims ascribed to the root bark of the plant. Preliminary phytochemical study of the root bark extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol extracts) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids, triterpenes, cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Antimicrobial study of the extracts showed activities against Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhii, Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Streptococcus agalactiae and Candida albicans while Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella Pneumoniae showed resistance to all the extracts. The inhibitory effect was compared with the standard drug ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. MIC and MBC for both extracts were also determined using the tube dilution method. This study concluded that the root bark of G. boveanum, used traditionally as a medicinal plant, has antimicrobial activities against some causative organisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glossonema%20boveanum%20%28Decne.%29" title="Glossonema boveanum (Decne.)">Glossonema boveanum (Decne.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemical" title=" phytochemical"> phytochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20inhibitory%20concentration" title=" minimum inhibitory concentration"> minimum inhibitory concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20bactericidal%20concentration" title=" minimum bactericidal concentration"> minimum bactericidal concentration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76647/phytochemical-and-antimicrobial-studies-of-root-bark-extracts-from-glossonema-boveanum-decne" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">699</span> Nigcomsat-1r and Planned HTS Communication Satellite Critical Pillars for Nigeria’s National Digital Economy Policy and Strategy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem"> Moshood Kareem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samson%20Olufunmilayo%20Abodunrin"> Samson Olufunmilayo Abodunrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Dokko%20Zubairu"> Muhammad Dokko Zubairu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The National Digital Economy Policy and Strategy, NDEPS document developed by Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Communications & Digital Economy (FMoCDE) is anchored on 8 pillars for the acceleration of the National Digital Economy for a Digital Nigeria. NIGCOMSAT-1R and the planned HTS communication Satellite are critical assets for supporting the pillars in the drive for sustainable growth and development. This paper discusses on the gains and contribution of the strategy as a solid infrastructure. The paper also highlights these assets’ contribution as platform for Indigenous Content Development & Adoption, Digital Literacy & Skills, and Digital Services Development & Promotion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMoCDE" title="FMoCDE">FMoCDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTS" title=" HTS"> HTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDEPS" title=" NDEPS"> NDEPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nigcomsat%21R" title=" nigcomsat!R"> nigcomsat!R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pillars" title=" pillars"> pillars</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158987/nigcomsat-1r-and-planned-hts-communication-satellite-critical-pillars-for-nigerias-national-digital-economy-policy-and-strategy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">698</span> Quantitative Risk Analysis for Major Subsystems and Project Success of a Highthrouput Satellite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babadoko%20Dantala%20Mohammed"> Babadoko Dantala Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem%20Olawole"> Moshood Kareem Olawole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper dwells on the risk management required for High throughput Satellite (HTS) project, and major subsystems that pertains to the improved performance and reliability of the spacecraft. The paper gives a clear picture of high‐throughput satellites (HTS) and the associated technologies with performances as they align and differ with the traditional geostationary orbit or Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) Communication Satellites. The paper also highlights critical subsystems and processes in project conceptualization and execution. The paper discusses the configuration of the payload. The need for optimization of resources for the HTS project and successful integration of critical subsystems for spacecraft requires implementation of risk analysis and mitigation from the preliminary design stage; Assembly, Integration and Test (AIT); Launch and in-orbit- Management stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AIT" title="AIT">AIT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTS" title=" HTS"> HTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-orbit%20management" title=" in-orbit management"> in-orbit management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158986/quantitative-risk-analysis-for-major-subsystems-and-project-success-of-a-highthrouput-satellite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">697</span> Optimal Configuration for Polarimetric Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Watad">Ibrahim Watad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Abdulhalim"> Ibrahim Abdulhalim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional spectroscopic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are widely used, both in fundamental research and environmental monitoring as well as healthcare diagnostics. However, they still lack the low limit of detection (LOD) and there still a place for improvement. SPR conventional sensors are based on the detection of a dip in the reflectivity spectrum which is relatively wide. To improve the performance of these sensors, many techniques and methods proposed either to reduce the width of the dip or to increase the sensitivity. Together with that, profiting from the sharp jump in the phase spectrum under SPR, several works suggested the extraction of the phase of the reflected wave. However, existing phase measurement setups are in general more complicated compared to the conventional setups, require more stability and are very sensitive to external vibrations and noises. In this study, a simple polarimetric technique for phase extraction under SPR is presented, followed by a theoretical error analysis and an experimental verification. The advantages of the proposed technique upon existing techniques will be elaborated, together with conclusions regarding the best polarimetric function, and its corresponding optimal metal layer range of thicknesses to use under the conventional Kretschmann-Raether configuration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonics" title="plasmonics">plasmonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarimetry" title=" polarimetry"> polarimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20sensors" title=" optical sensors"> optical sensors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53083/optimal-configuration-for-polarimetric-surface-plasmon-resonance-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">696</span> Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process for Determination of Supply Chain Performance Evaluation Criteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Cil">Ibrahim Cil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Kurtcu"> Onur Kurtcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ibrahim%20Demir"> H. Ibrahim Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Furkan%20Yener"> Furkan Yener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf.%20S.%20Turkan"> Yusuf. S. Turkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muharrem%20Unver"> Muharrem Unver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20Evren"> Ramazan Evren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is decision-making way at the end of integrating the current AHP method with fuzzy structure. In this study, the processes of production planning, inventory management and purchasing department of a system were analysed and were requested to decide the performance criteria of each area. At this point, the current work processes were analysed by various decision-makers and comparing each criteria by giving points according to 1-9 scale were completed. The criteria were listed in order to their weights by using Fuzzy AHP approach and top three performance criteria of each department were determined. After that, the performance criteria of supply chain consisting of three departments were asked to determine. The processes of each department were compared by decision-makers at the point of building the supply chain performance system and getting the performance criteria. According to the results, the criteria of performance system of supply chain by using Fuzzy AHP were determined for which will be used in the supply chain performance system in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHP" title="AHP">AHP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72234/fuzzy-analytic-hierarchy-process-for-determination-of-supply-chain-performance-evaluation-criteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">695</span> Instructional Leadership and Competency in Capacity Development among Principals: A Mediation with Self Efficacy in Moderate Performing Schools </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ibrahim%20K.%20Azeez">Mohd Ibrahim K. Azeez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Sani%20Ibrahim"> Mohammed Sani Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosemawati%20Mustapa"> Rosemawati Mustapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maisarah%20A.%20Malik"> Maisarah A. Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandrakala%20Varatharajoo"> Chandrakala Varatharajoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wee%20Akina%20Sia%20Seng%20Lee"> Wee Akina Sia Seng Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leadership of the principals is known to be a key indicator in development and school performance. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the extent of the influence of instructional leadership in the field of supervision and curriculum focus on capacity development competence in the field of communication and teamwork. In addition, this study also examines self-efficacy mediator school leadership in the field of self-improvement and self-management of school principals. The study involved 383 guest teachers from 55 secondary schools for leadership in schools. Data was analyzed using SEM aid program AMOS 21. The final result shows partial mediation model was the best model fit to obtain the best goodness of fit of (X2/df = 4.663, CFI = 0.922, GFI = 0.778, TLI = 0914, NFI = 0.903, and RMSEA = 0.098) compared to the direct effect model of the findings (X2/df = 5.319, CFI = 0.908, GFI = 0755, TLI = 0.899, NFI = 0.889, and RMSEA = 0.106). While the findings of the fully mediator model with a self-efficacy refers principals as a mediator as follows (X2/df = 4.838, CFI = 0918, GFI = 0772, TLI = 0.910, NFI = 0.899, and RMSEA = 0.100). Therefore, it can be concluded that the findings clearly demonstrate self-efficacy variables principals become a mediator in the relationship between instructional leadership capacity and competency development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instructional%20leadership" title="instructional leadership">instructional leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20development" title=" capacity development"> capacity development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competency" title=" competency"> competency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30770/instructional-leadership-and-competency-in-capacity-development-among-principals-a-mediation-with-self-efficacy-in-moderate-performing-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">725</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">694</span> Development of a Delivery System for Statin Targeted Spray is a Breakthrough Therapy in Alzheimer’s Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fakhr%20Eddin%20Alnaal">Fakhr Eddin Alnaal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Dahdal"> Angela Dahdal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duaa%20Aladib"> Duaa Aladib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabeen%20Ibrahim"> Sabeen Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Ghoraibi"> Ibrahim Ghoraibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bissan%20Ahmed"> Bissan Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dementia is one of the diseases which had several stages and Alzheimer’s term was selected in respect for the first doctor Alzheimer who defined the first symptoms of this diseases in a woman whom was well treated by him. The fact that this is a type of a silent disease on which you have a long-term process of neurological degradation and suddenly gives symptoms which are most often irreversible, on clinical level likely we can consider it as a malignancy, one in terms of that it is sudden shocking irreversible and on the level of behavior and some mortality beside the lack of early detection tools for diagnosis. Therefore, the goal of our project is to test the concept of the ability of Statin in prevention of such disease and we investigated that both on experimental level and most importantly on clinical one, the clinical part was performed in a recognized house of aged people who had accidently a high cholesterol and were for years given Statin to treat that elevation, however after the symptoms of Alzheimer’s appeared and when diagnosed, they were well treated and rapidly recovered compared to Alzheimer’s patients in the same house who did not receive Statin had a mild improvement in their symptoms after the therapy, on the other hand we confirmed such observation by a well-organized experimental work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%27s" title="Alzheimer's">Alzheimer's</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dementia" title=" dementia"> dementia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silent%20disease" title=" silent disease"> silent disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statin" title=" statin"> statin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156124/development-of-a-delivery-system-for-statin-targeted-spray-is-a-breakthrough-therapy-in-alzheimers-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">693</span> In Vivo Maltase and Sucrase Inhibitory Activities of Five Underutilized Nigerian Edible Fruits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Auwal%20Ibrahim">Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Yunusa"> Isa Yunusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafisa%20Kabir"> Nafisa Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shazali%20Ali%20Baba"> Shazali Ali Baba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Muhammad%20Yushau"> Amina Muhammad Yushau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suraj%20Suraj%20Ibrahim"> Suraj Suraj Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaharaddeen%20Idris%20Bello"> Zaharaddeen Idris Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suleiman%20Haruna%20Suleiman"> Suleiman Haruna Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murtala%20Bindawa%20Isah"> Murtala Bindawa Isah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Inhibition of intestinal maltase and sucrase prevents postprandial blood glucose excursions which are beneficial in ameliorating diabetes-associated complications. Objective: In this study, the inhibitory effects of fruit extracts of Parinari macrophylla, Detarium microcarpum, Ziziphus spina-christi, Z. mairei and Parkia biglobosa were investigated against intestinal maltase and sucrase. Methods: Rats were given co-administration of the fruit extracts with maltose or sucrose and blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 90 and 120 min. Results: The glucose-time curves indicated that all the fruits had the most potent inhibitory effects on both maltase and sucrase within the first 30 min. The computed Area Under the Curves (AUC0-120)for all the fruits indicated more potent inhibitory effects against intestinal maltase than sucrase.The ED50 range for the fruits extract against maltase and sucrase were 647.15-1118.35 and 942.44-1851.94 mg/kg bw respectively. Conclusion: The data suggests that the fruits could prevent postprandial hyperglycemia via inhibition of intestinal maltase and sucrase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title="diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruits" title=" fruits"> fruits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-glucosidases" title=" α-glucosidases"> α-glucosidases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maltase" title=" maltase"> maltase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sucrase" title=" sucrase"> sucrase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43113/in-vivo-maltase-and-sucrase-inhibitory-activities-of-five-underutilized-nigerian-edible-fruits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">692</span> Challenges of Domestic Water Security for Sustainable Development in North Central Belt of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Ibbi%20Ibrahim">Samuel Ibbi Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaiah%20Ndalassan%20Ibrahim"> Isaiah Ndalassan Ibrahim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accessibility and availability of good quality water have become a major concern among different users. This paper examines the caustic importance of water security in relation to people’s desire for survival. It observed the democratic ideology of national policy on domestic water supply and demand and its implementation for national and societal development. It used analogy on equilibrium approach to ascertain the household water security. In most communities, it is glaring that several public water management in operation for several years are hardly performing efficiently to reach equilibrium demand. Moreover most settlements being rural or urban lack effective public water system that could ensure regular supplies to the population. The terrain and gradual declining of efficient rainfall northward poses great challenge to the region in managing water supply and demand adequately. This study itemized the need for the government to get clear strategy for a sustainable development on better water efficiency. Partnership in providing workable policy on water security is considered apparently important. It is also suggested that water plant treatment should be established in every medium-sized towns in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20quality%20of%20water" title="good quality of water">good quality of water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20accessibility" title=" water accessibility"> water accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20availability" title=" water availability"> water availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sustainable" title=" water sustainable "> water sustainable </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36333/challenges-of-domestic-water-security-for-sustainable-development-in-north-central-belt-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">691</span> Effectiveness of Cold Calling on Students’ Behavior and Participation during Class Discussions: Punishment or Opportunity to Shine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maimuna%20Akram">Maimuna Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadija%20Zia"> Khadija Zia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohaib%20Naseer"> Sohaib Naseer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pedagogical objectives and the nature of the course content may lead instructors to take varied approaches to selecting a student for the cold call, specifically in a studio setup where students work on different projects independently and show progress work time to time at scheduled critiques. Cold-calling often proves to be an effective tool in eliciting a response without enforcing judgment onto the recipients. While there is a mixed range of behavior exhibited by students who are cold-called, a classification of responses from anxiety-provoking to inspiring may be elicited; there is a need for a greater understanding of utilizing the exchanges in bringing about fruitful and engaging outcomes of studio discussions. This study aims to unravel the dimensions of utilizing the cold-call approach in a didactic exchange within studio pedagogy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in an undergraduate class at Arts and Design School. The impact of cold calling on students’ participation was determined through various parameters, including course choice, participation frequency, students’ comfortability, and teaching methodology. After analyzing the surveys, specific classroom teachers were interviewed to provide a qualitative perspective of the faculty. It was concluded that cold-calling increases students’ participation frequency and also increases preparation for class. Around 67% of students responded that teaching methods play an important role in learning activities and students’ participation during class discussions. 84% of participants agreed that cold calling is an effective way of learning. According to research, cold-calling can be done in large numbers without making students uncomfortable. As a result, the findings of this study support the use of this instructional method to encourage more students to participate in class discussions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20learning" title="active learning">active learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=class%20discussion" title=" class discussion"> class discussion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=class%20participation" title=" class participation"> class participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20calling" title=" cold calling"> cold calling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogical%20methods" title=" pedagogical methods"> pedagogical methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20engagement" title=" student engagement"> student engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187072/effectiveness-of-cold-calling-on-students-behavior-and-participation-during-class-discussions-punishment-or-opportunity-to-shine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">690</span> Psychiatric Symptoms in Keratoconus: Analyzing Anxiety and Depression in Affected Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nida%20Amin">Nida Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Tanveer"> Fahad Tanveer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hina%20Shabbir"> Hina Shabbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Saeed"> Ayesha Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attiqa%20Riaz"> Attiqa Riaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The gradual progression of corneal disorder keratoconus significantly impairs eyesight and quality of life, increasing the likelihood of depression. Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the AL-Ibrahim Eye Hospital in Karachi, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with keratoconus and to suggest better treatment. A descriptive-analytical study was conducted at Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi from March to April 2022, and patients diagnosed with symptomatic keratoconus were recruited using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. After obtaining written informed consent from patients, keratoconus severity was assessed using visual acuity and corneal topography. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Spearman correlation coefficient. Of the 108 participants, 60 (56%) were female and 48 (44%) were male. Using the HADS scale, 44 (40.7%) patients were classified as normal with a HADS score of (0-7), 23 (21.3%) as borderline with a HADS score of (8-10) and 41 (38%) patients were diagnosed with anxiety and depression with a HADS score of (11-21). Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among patients in advanced stages of the disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cornea" title="cornea">cornea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keratoconus" title=" keratoconus"> keratoconus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title=" anxiety"> anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corneal%20topography" title=" corneal topography"> corneal topography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188898/psychiatric-symptoms-in-keratoconus-analyzing-anxiety-and-depression-in-affected-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">689</span> Gc-ms Data Integrated Chemometrics for the Authentication of Vegetable Oil Brands in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasaq%20Bolakale%20Salau">Rasaq Bolakale Salau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maimuna%20Muhammad%20Abubakar"> Maimuna Muhammad Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Yisa"> Jonathan Yisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tauheed%20Bisiriyu"> Muhammad Tauheed Bisiriyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimoh%20Oladejo%20Tijani"> Jimoh Oladejo Tijani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Ifeanyi%20Ajai"> Alexander Ifeanyi Ajai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vegetables oils are widely consumed in Nigeria. This has led to competitive manufacture of various oil brands. This leads increasing tendencies for fraud, labelling misinformation and other unwholesome practices. A total of thirty samples including raw and corresponding branded samples of vegetable oils were collected. The Oils were extracted from raw ground nut, soya bean and oil palm fruits. The GC-MS data was subjected to chemometric techniques of PCA and HCA. The SOLO 8.7 version of the standalone chemometrics software developed by Eigenvector research incorporated and powered by PLS Toolbox was used. The GCMS fingerprint gave basis for discrimination as it reveals four predominant but unevenly distributed fatty acids: Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (10.27- 45.21% PA), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (10.9 - 45.94% PA), 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (18.75 - 45.65%PA), and Eicosanoic acid methyl ester (1.19% - 6.29%PA). In PCA modelling, two PCs are retained at cumulative variance captured at 73.15%. The score plots indicated that palm oil brands are most aligned with raw palm oil. PCA loading plot reveals the signature retention times between 4.0 and 6.0 needed for quality assurance and authentication of the oils samples. They are of aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols and aldehydes functional groups. HCA dendrogram which was modeled using Euclidian distance through Wards method, indicated co-equivalent samples. HCA revealed the pair of raw palm oil brand and palm oil brand in the closest neighbourhood (± 1.62 % A difference) based on variance weighted distance. It showed Palm olein brand to be most authentic. In conclusion, based on the GCMS data with chemometrics, the authenticity of the branded samples is ranked as: Palm oil > Soya oil > groundnut oil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20oil" title="vegetable oil">vegetable oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity" title=" authenticity"> authenticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemometrics" title=" chemometrics"> chemometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCA" title=" PCA"> PCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCA" title=" HCA"> HCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190371/gc-ms-data-integrated-chemometrics-for-the-authentication-of-vegetable-oil-brands-in-minna-niger-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">688</span> Nonclassical Antifolates: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Study of Some New Quinazolin-4-One Analogues as Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yomna%20Ibrahim%20El-Gazzar">Yomna Ibrahim El-Gazzar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussien%20Ibrahim%20El-Subbagh"> Hussien Ibrahim El-Subbagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Hanaa%20Georgey"> Hanan Hanaa Georgey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20S.%20Hassan%20Hassan"> Ghada S. Hassan Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that has pivotal importance in biochemistry and medicinal chemistry. It catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and intimately couples with thymidylate synthase. Thymidylate synthase is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the reductive methylation of (dUMP) to (dTMP) utilizing N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate as a cofactor. A new series of 2-substituted thio-quinazolin-4-one analogs was designed that possessed electron withdrawing or donating functional groups (Cl or OCH3) at position 6- or 7-, 4-methoxyphenyl function at position 3-.The thiol function is used to connect to either 1,2,4-triazole, or 1,3,4-thiadiazole via a methylene bridge. Most of the functional groups designed to be accommodated on the quinazoline ring such as thioether, alkyl to increase lipid solubility of polar compounds, a character very much needed in the nonclassical DHFR inhibitors. The target compounds were verified with spectral data and elemental analysis. DHFR inhibitions, as well as antitumor activity, were applied on three cell lines (MCF-7, CACO-2, HEPG-2). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonclassical%20antifolates" title="nonclassical antifolates">nonclassical antifolates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHFR%20Inhibitors" title=" DHFR Inhibitors"> DHFR Inhibitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor%20activity" title=" antitumor activity"> antitumor activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinazoline%20ring" title=" quinazoline ring"> quinazoline ring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53324/nonclassical-antifolates-synthesis-biological-evaluation-and-molecular-modeling-study-of-some-new-quinazolin-4-one-analogues-as-dihydrofolate-reductase-inhibitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">687</span> Influence of Cathodic Protection on High Strength, Pre-Stressed Corroded Tendons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20R.%20Elomari">Ibrahim R. Elomari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fin%20O%27Flaherty"> Fin O'Flaherty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20R.%20Elomari"> Ibrahim R. Elomari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Lambert"> Paul Lambert </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique commonly used to arrest corrosion of steel in infrastructure. However, it is not generally used on high strength, pre-stressed tendons due to the risk of hydrogen generation, leading to possible embrittlement. This paper investigates its use in such circumstances where the applied protection potential is varied to determine if CP can be safely employed on pre-stressed tendons. Plain steel tendons measuring 5.4 mm diameter were pre-stressed in timber moulds and embedded in sand/cement mortar, formulated to represent gunite. Two levels of pre-stressing were investigated (400MPa and 1200MPa). Pre-corrosion of 0% (control), 3% and 6% target loss of cross-sectional area was applied to replicate service conditions. Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) was then applied to the tendons at two levels of potential to identify any effect on strength. Instant-off values up to -950mV were used for normal protection with values of -1100mV or more negative to achieve overprotection. Following the ICCP phase, the tendons were removed from the mortar, cleaned and weighed to confirm actual percentage of corrosion. Tensile tests were then conducted on the tendons. The preliminary results show the influence of normal levels and overprotection of CP on the ultimate strength of the tendons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-stressed%20concrete" title="pre-stressed concrete">pre-stressed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathodic%20protection" title=" cathodic protection"> cathodic protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20embrittlement" title=" hydrogen embrittlement"> hydrogen embrittlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79186/influence-of-cathodic-protection-on-high-strength-pre-stressed-corroded-tendons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">686</span> Integrating Process Planning, WMS Dispatching, and WPPW Weighted Due Date Assignment Using a Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Ibrahim%20Demir">Halil Ibrahim Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tar%C4%B1k%20Cakar"> Tarık Cakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Cil"> Ibrahim Cil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muharrem%20Dugenci"> Muharrem Dugenci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20Erden"> Caner Erden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventionally, process planning, scheduling, and due-date assignment functions are performed separately and sequentially. The interdependence of these functions requires integration. Although integrated process planning and scheduling, and scheduling with due date assignment problems are popular research topics, only a few works address the integration of these three functions. This work focuses on the integration of process planning, WMS scheduling, and WPPW due date assignment. Another novelty of this work is the use of a weighted due date assignment. In the literature, due dates are generally assigned without considering the importance of customers. However, in this study, more important customers get closer due dates. Typically, only tardiness is punished, but the JIT philosophy punishes both earliness and tardiness. In this study, all weighted earliness, tardiness, and due date related costs are penalized. As no customer desires distant due dates, such distant due dates should be penalized. In this study, various levels of integration of these three functions are tested and genetic search and random search are compared both with each other and with ordinary solutions. Higher integration levels are superior, while search is always useful. Genetic searches outperformed random searches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20planning" title="process planning">process planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20scheduling" title=" weighted scheduling"> weighted scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20due-date%20assignment" title=" weighted due-date assignment"> weighted due-date assignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20search" title=" random search"> random search</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51544/integrating-process-planning-wms-dispatching-and-wppw-weighted-due-date-assignment-using-a-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">685</span> The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on the Production of Agricultural Lands and Labor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Makram%20Ibrahim%20Salib">Ibrahim Makram Ibrahim Salib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture plays an essential role in providing food for the world's population. It also offers numerous benefits to countries, including non-food products, transportation, and environmental balance. Precision agriculture, which employs advanced tools to monitor variability and manage inputs, can help achieve these benefits. The increasing demand for food security puts pressure on decision-makers to ensure sufficient food production worldwide. To support sustainable agriculture, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized to manage farms and increase yields. This paper aims to provide an understanding of UAV usage and its applications in agriculture. The objective is to review the various applications of UAVs in agriculture. Based on a comprehensive review of existing research, it was found that different sensors provide varying analyses for agriculture applications. Therefore, the purpose of the project must be determined before using UAV technology for better data quality and analysis. In conclusion, identifying a suitable sensor and UAV is crucial to gather accurate data and precise analysis when using UAVs in agriculture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20land" title="agriculture land">agriculture land</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20land%20loss" title=" agriculture land loss"> agriculture land loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabul%20city" title=" Kabul city"> Kabul city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20land%20expansion" title=" urban land expansion"> urban land expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization%20agriculture%20yield%20growth" title=" urbanization agriculture yield growth"> urbanization agriculture yield growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20yield%20prediction" title=" agriculture yield prediction"> agriculture yield prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explorative%20data%20analysis" title=" explorative data analysis"> explorative data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20models" title=" predictive models"> predictive models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20models%20drone" title=" regression models drone"> regression models drone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20agriculture" title=" precision agriculture"> precision agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmer%20income" title=" farmer income"> farmer income</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183735/the-effect-of-artificial-intelligence-on-the-production-of-agricultural-lands-and-labor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">684</span> Role of Interlukin-18 in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Khalil%20Ibrahim">Ibrahim Khalil Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enas%20Mohamed%20Shahine"> Enas Mohamed Shahine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Shawky%20El%20Hadedy"> Abeer Shawky El Hadedy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Kamal%20Aziz%20Saba"> Emmanuel Kamal Aziz Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Salah%20Attia%20Hussein"> Ghada Salah Attia Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by a progressive degradation of articular cartilage and is the leading cause of disability in elderly persons. IL-18 contributes to the destruction of cartilage and bone in the disease process of arthritis. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of IL-18 in primary knee OA patients. Serum level of IL-18 was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 30 primary knee OA patients and compared to 20 age and gender-matched healthy volunteers as a control group. Radiographic severity of OA was assessed by Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) global scale. Pain, stiffness and functional assessment were done using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). OA patients had significantly higher serum IL-18 level than in control group (420.93 ± 345.4 versus 151.03 ± 144.16 pg/ml, P=0.001). Serum level of IL-18 was positively correlated with KL global scale (P=0.001). There were no statistically significant correlations between serum level of IL-18 and pain, stiffness, function subscales and total WOMAC index scores among the studied patients. In conclusions, IL-18 has a role in the pathogenesis of OA and it is positively correlated with the radiographic damage of OA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interlukin-18" title="Interlukin-18">Interlukin-18</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20osteoarthritis" title=" knee osteoarthritis"> knee osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20osteoarthritis" title=" primary osteoarthritis"> primary osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WOMAC%20scale" title=" WOMAC scale"> WOMAC scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46517/role-of-interlukin-18-in-primary-knee-osteoarthritis-clinical-laboratory-and-radiological-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">683</span> Low Back Pain among Nurses in Penang Public Hospitals: A Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izani%20Uzair%20Zubair">Izani Uzair Zubair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazri%20Shafei"> Mohd Nazri Shafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Merican%20Omar%20Naina%20Merican"> Hassan Merican Omar Naina Merican</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sabri%20Othman"> Mohamad Sabri Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izmi%20Ahmad%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Izmi Ahmad Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasilah%20Ramli"> Rasilah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Singh%20Karam%20Singh"> Rajpal Singh Karam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nurses experience a higher prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and musculoskeletal complaints as compared to other hospital workers. Due to no proper policy related to LBP, the job has exposed them to the problem. Thus, the current study aims to look at the intensity of the problem and factors associated with development of LBP. Method and Tools: A cross sectional study was carried out among 1292 nurses from six public hospitals in Penang. They were randomly selected and those who were pregnant and have been diagnosed to have LBP were excluded. A Malay validated BACK Questionnaire was used. The associated factors were determined by using multiple logistic regression from SPSS version 20.0. Result: Most of the respondents were at mean age 30 years old and had mean working experience 86 months. The prevalence of LBP was identified as 76% (95% CI 74, 82). Factors that were associated with LBP among nurses include lifting a heavy object (OR2.626 (95% CI 1.978, 3.486) p =0.001 and the estimation weight of the lifted object (OR1.443 (95% CI 1.056, 1.970) p =0.021. Conclusion: Nurses who practice lifting heavy object and weight of the object lifted give a significant contribution to the development of LBP. The prevalence of the problem is significantly high. Thus, a proper no weight lifting policy should be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses" title=" nurses"> nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang%20public%20hospital" title=" Penang public hospital"> Penang public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang" title=" Penang"> Penang</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098/low-back-pain-among-nurses-in-penang-public-hospitals-a-study-on-prevalence-and-factors-associated" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">682</span> Evaluation of Digital Assessment of Anal Sphincter Muscle Strength</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Kamal%20Aziz%20Saba">Emmanuel Kamal Aziz Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gihan%20Abd%20El-Lateif%20Younis%20El-Tantawi"> Gihan Abd El-Lateif Younis El-Tantawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hamdy%20Zahran"> Mohammed Hamdy Zahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Khalil%20Ibrahim"> Ibrahim Khalil Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abd%20El-Salam%20Shehata"> Mohammed Abd El-Salam Shehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Al-Moghazy%20Sultan"> Hussein Al-Moghazy Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20Mohamed%20Anwar"> Medhat Mohamed Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Examination of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction is essential in initial assessment and assessment of efficacy of rehabilitation of patients with faecal incontinence (FI) and obstructed defecation (OD). The present study was conducted to evaluate the digital assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using Modified Oxford Scale (MOS) in comparison to anal manometry squeeze pressure. The present cross-sectional study included 65 patients. There were 40 patients (61.5 %) with FI and 25 patients (38.5 %) with OD. All patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination including assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using MOS and anal manometry (mean squeeze pressure and maximal squeeze pressure). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MOS and anal manometry squeeze pressures including mean squeeze pressure and maximal squeeze pressure among FI group and OD group. In conclusion, assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using MOS is a valid method and can substitute anal manometry assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anal%20manometry" title="anal manometry">anal manometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20anal%20sphincter%20muscle" title=" external anal sphincter muscle"> external anal sphincter muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modified%20Oxford%20Scale" title=" Modified Oxford Scale"> Modified Oxford Scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20strength" title=" muscle strength"> muscle strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32483/evaluation-of-digital-assessment-of-anal-sphincter-muscle-strength" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">681</span> Rock Slope Stabilization and Protection for Roads and Multi-Storey Structures in Jabal Omar, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Abdel%20Gadir%20Malik">Ibrahim Abdel Gadir Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dafalla%20Siddig%20Dafalla"> Dafalla Siddig Dafalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelazim%20Ibrahim"> Abdelazim Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jabal Omar is located in the western side of Makkah city in Saudi Arabia. The proposed Jabal Omar Development project includes several multi-storey buildings, roads, bridges and below ground structures founded at various depths. In this study, geological mapping and site inspection which covered pre-selected areas were carried out within the easily accessed parts. Geological features; including rock types, structures, degree of weathering, and geotechnical hazards were observed and analyzed with specified software and also were documented in form of photographs. The presence of joints and fractures in the area made the rock blocks small and weak. The site is full of jointing; it was observed that, the northern side consists of 3 to 4 jointing systems with 2 random fractures associated with dykes. The southern part is affected by 2 to 3 jointing systems with minor fault and shear zones. From the field measurements and observations, it was concluded that, the Jabal Omar intruded by andesitic and basaltic dykes of different thickness and orientation. These dykes made the outcrop weak, highly deformed and made the rock masses sensitive to weathering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock" title="rock">rock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope" title=" slope"> slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization" title=" stabilization"> stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makkah" title=" Makkah"> Makkah</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32229/rock-slope-stabilization-and-protection-for-roads-and-multi-storey-structures-in-jabal-omar-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">809</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">680</span> ICT for Smart Appliances: Current Technology and Identification of Future ICT Trend</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Uba%20Ibrahim">Abubakar Uba Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Haruna%20Shanono"> Ibrahim Haruna Shanono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart metering and demand response are gaining ground in industrial and residential applications. Smart Appliances have been given concern towards achieving Smart home. The success of Smart grid development relies on the successful implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in power sector. Smart Appliances have been the technology under development and many new contributions to its realization have been reported in the last few years. The role of ICT here is to capture data in real time, thereby allowing bi-directional flow of information/data between producing and utilization point; that lead a way for the attainment of Smart appliances where home appliances can communicate between themselves and provide a self-control (switch on and off) using the signal (information) obtained from the grid. This paper depicts the background on ICT for smart appliances paying a particular attention to the current technology and identifying the future ICT trends for load monitoring through which smart appliances can be achieved to facilitate an efficient smart home system which promote demand response program. This paper grouped and reviewed the recent contributions, in order to establish the current state of the art and trends of the technology, so that the reader can be provided with a comprehensive and insightful review of where ICT for smart appliances stands and is heading to. The paper also presents a brief overview of communication types, and then narrowed the discussion to the load monitoring (Non-intrusive Appliances Load Monitoring ‘NALM’). Finally, some future trends and challenges in the further development of the ICT framework are discussed to motivate future contributions that address open problems and explore new possibilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20technology%20between%20appliances" title="communication technology between appliances">communication technology between appliances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20response" title=" demand response"> demand response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20monitoring" title=" load monitoring"> load monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20appliances" title=" smart appliances"> smart appliances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32985/ict-for-smart-appliances-current-technology-and-identification-of-future-ict-trend" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">613</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">679</span> Chamba Encroachment into Jukum Territory and Its Impact 1830-1900</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iliya%20Ibrahim%20%20Gimba">Iliya Ibrahim Gimba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The period between the late 18th and early 19th centuries was characterized by conflict of ethnic nationalities in the Benue valley region. This conflict was exacerbated by the introduction of the Fulani jihad that began in Hausa land into the Benue valley region. Fulani in this region launched the Jihad movement which pushed out some ethnic groups from their natural abode or ancestral home to live a nomad live until they could settle and established a stayed in a particular place. The Chamba were being displaced by the Fulani jihad that took place around Faro deo in about 1809. It was from there that most of the Chamba migrated out, some into the Cameroon republic, while others moved into the Benue valley region. Among those that entered into the Benue valley region are the Sama, Kola, Gayam etc, and could be found in Donga local Government area of Taraba state. Those Chamba clan that later on cameo into the Benue Valley are Pyeri, Kashimbila etc. The sudden movement of the Chamba or migrations into the Jukun territory co-in ceded with the period that the Jihad had already had a severe and consequential effect or impact on the Jukun territory cause by Yakubu Ibrahim of Bzuchi, and Buba Yero of Gombe, and Hamaruwa of Muri Emirate. This ne authorities in Kwararafa Kingdom cut the Jukun King out of contact with Borno and Hausa-land. This paper set to examine the chiefdom that the Chamba established right within the Jukun headquarters of Wukari. Sources to be used are published books, Journals, Archival materials, and M.A. Thesis to enable us know the impact of Chamba migrations on the Jukun territory and reactions of the Jukun’s to this new comers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chamba%20people" title="Chamba people">Chamba people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encroachment" title=" encroachment"> encroachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20nationalities" title=" ethnic nationalities"> ethnic nationalities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25899/chamba-encroachment-into-jukum-territory-and-its-impact-1830-1900" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">678</span> Fuel Cells and Offshore Wind Turbines Technology for Eco-Friendly Ports with a Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sadek%20Sedik%20Ibrahim">Ibrahim Sadek Sedik Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Elgohary"> Mohamed M. Elgohary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sea ports are considered one of the factors affecting the progress of economic globalization and the international trade; consequently, they are considered one of the sources involved in the deterioration of the maritime environment due to the excessive amount of exhaust gases emitted from their activities. The majority of sea ports depend on the national electric grid as a source of power for the domestic and ships’ electric demands. This paper discusses the possibility of shifting ports from relying on the national grid electricity to green power-based ports. Offshore wind turbines and hydrogenic PEM fuel cell units appear as two typical promising clean energy sources for ports. As a case study, the paper investigates the prospect of converting Alexandria Port in Egypt to be an eco-friendly port with the study of technical, logistic, and financial requirements. The results show that the fuel cell, followed by a combined system of wind turbines and fuel cells, is the best choice regarding electricity production unit cost by 0.101 and 0.107 $/kWh, respectively. Furthermore, using of fuel cells and offshore wind turbine as green power concept will achieving emissions reduction quantity of CO₂, NOx, and CO emissions by 80,441, 20.814, and 133.025 ton per year, respectively. Finally, the paper highlights the role that renewable energy can play when supplying Alexandria Port with green energy to lift the burden on the government in supporting the electricity, with a possibility of achieving a profit of 3.85% to 22.31% of the annual electricity cost compared with the international prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cells" title="fuel cells">fuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20ports" title=" green ports"> green ports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMO" title=" IMO"> IMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20electric%20grid" title=" national electric grid"> national electric grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20wind%20turbines" title=" offshore wind turbines"> offshore wind turbines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=port%20emissions" title=" port emissions"> port emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111787/fuel-cells-and-offshore-wind-turbines-technology-for-eco-friendly-ports-with-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">677</span> The Effects of High Velocity Low Amplitude Thrust Manipulation versus Low Velocity Low Amplitude Mobilization in Treatment of Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20R.%20Z.%20Baghdadi">Ahmed R. Z. Baghdadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20M.%20I.%20Hamoda"> Ibrahim M. I. Hamoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C2%A0Mona%20H.%20Gamal%20Eldein"> Mona H. Gamal Eldein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Magdy%20Elnaggar"> Ibrahim Magdy Elnaggar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: High-velocity low amplitude thrust (HVLAT) manipulation and low-velocity low amplitude (LVLA) mobilization are an effective treatment for low back pain (LBP). Purpose: This study compared the effects of HVLAT versus LVLA on pain, functional deficits and segmental mobility in treatment of chronic mechanical LBP. Methods: Ninety patients suffering from chronic mechanical LBP are classified to three groups; Thirty patients treated by HVLAT (group I), thirty patients treated by LVLA (group II) and thirty patients as control group (group III) participated in the study. The mean age was 28.00±2.92, 27.83±2.28 and 28.07±3.05 years and BMI 27.98±2.60, 28.80±2.40 and 28.70±2.53 kg/m2 for group I, II and III respectively. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire and modified schoper test were used for assessment. Assessments were conducted two weeks before and after treatment with the control group being assessed at the same time intervals. The treatment program group one was two weeks single session per week, and for group II two sessions per week for two weeks. Results: The One-way ANOVA revealed that group I had significantly lower pain scores and Oswestry score compared with group II two weeks after treatment. Moreover, the mobility in modified schoper increased significantly and the pain scores and Oswestry scores decreased significantly after treatment in group I and II compared with control group. Interpretation/Conclusion: HVLAT is preferable to LVLA mobilization, possibly due to a beneficial neurophysiological effect by Stimulating mechanically sensitive neurons in the lumbar facet joint capsule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manipulation" title=" manipulation"> manipulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobilization" title=" mobilization"> mobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20velocity" title=" low velocity"> low velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20449/the-effects-of-high-velocity-low-amplitude-thrust-manipulation-versus-low-velocity-low-amplitude-mobilization-in-treatment-of-chronic-mechanical-low-back-pain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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