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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: E. G. Filali</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: E. G. Filali"> <meta name="keywords" content="E. G. Filali"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="E. 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G. Filali"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: E. G. Filali</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Liquefaction Resistance Using Shear Wave Velocity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filali%20Kamel">Filali Kamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sbartai%20Badreddine"> Sbartai Badreddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cyclic resistance curves developed by Andrus and Stokoe related to shear wave velocity case history databases are frequently used in accordance with the assumption of the Seed and Idriss simplified procedure. These cyclic resistance curves were deduced using a database according to the cyclic stress ratio (CSR) proposed by Seed and Idriss. Their approach is founded on the hypothesis that the dynamic cyclic shear stress (τd) is always less than that given by the simplified procedure (τr), as deduced by Seed and Idriss through their simplifying assumptions (rd= τd / τr <1). In 2017, Filali and Sbartai demonstrated that rd can often exceed 1, and they proposed a correction for the CSR in cases where rd > 1. Therefore, the correction of CSR implies that the cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) must also be corrected because it is defined by the boundary curve, which separates the liquefied and nonliqueified cases plotted using the original CSR of Seed and Idriss on which values of CRR are equal to CSR. For this purpose, in the context of this study, we have proposed in the range when the peak ground acceleration is ≤0.30g, which corresponds to rd>1, a modified boundary curve in accordance with the corrected version of the simplified method, which provides the safest case, generalize its use for any used earthquakes and allows the simplified method to be the more conservative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquefaction" title="liquefaction">liquefaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simplified%20method" title=" simplified method"> simplified method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20stress%20ratio" title=" cyclic stress ratio"> cyclic stress ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclique%20resistance%20ratio" title=" cyclique resistance ratio"> cyclique resistance ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191011/liquefaction-resistance-using-shear-wave-velocity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Modeling and Analyzing the WAP Class 2 Wireless Transaction Protocol Using Event-B </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajaa%20Filali">Rajaa Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouhdadi"> Mohamed Bouhdadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an incremental formal development of the Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) in Event-B. WTP is part of the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) architectures and provides a reliable request-response service. To model and verify the protocol, we use the formal technique Event-B which provides an accessible and rigorous development method. This interaction between modelling and proving reduces the complexity and helps to eliminate misunderstandings, inconsistencies, and specification gaps. As result, verification of WTP allows us to find some deficiencies in the current specification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=event-B" title="event-B">event-B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20transaction%20protocol" title=" wireless transaction protocol"> wireless transaction protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proof%20obligation" title=" proof obligation"> proof obligation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refinement" title=" refinement"> refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodin" title=" Rodin"> Rodin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ProB" title=" ProB"> ProB</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73221/modeling-and-analyzing-the-wap-class-2-wireless-transaction-protocol-using-event-b" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> An Incremental Refinement Approach to a Development of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Using Event-B</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajaa%20Filali">Rajaa Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouhdadi"> Mohamed Bouhdadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an incremental development of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) in Event-B. DHCP is widely used communication protocol, which provides a standard mechanism to obtain configuration parameters. The specification is performed in a stepwise manner and verified through a series of refinements. The Event-B formal method uses the Rodin platform to modeling and verifying some properties of the protocol such as safety, liveness and deadlock freedom. To model and verify the protocol, we use the formal technique Event-B which provides an accessible and rigorous development method. This interaction between modelling and proving reduces the complexity and helps to eliminate misunderstandings, inconsistencies, and specification gaps. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHCP%20protocol" title="DHCP protocol">DHCP protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Event-B" title=" Event-B"> Event-B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refinement" title=" refinement"> refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proof%20obligation" title=" proof obligation"> proof obligation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodin" title=" Rodin"> Rodin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75956/an-incremental-refinement-approach-to-a-development-of-dynamic-host-configuration-protocol-dhcp-using-event-b" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Numerical Analysis of Roughness Effect on Mini and Microchannels: Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El-Ghalia%20Filali">El-Ghalia Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherif%20Gadouche"> Cherif Gadouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Tahar"> Mohamed Tahar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A three-dimensional numerical simulation of ﬂow through mini and microchannels with designed roughness is conducted here. The effect of the roughness height (surface roughness), geometry, Reynolds number on the friction factor and the Nusselt number is investigated. The study is carried out by employing CFD software, CFX. Our work focuses on a water flow inside a circular mini-channel of 1 mm and microchannels of 500 and 100 μm in diameter. The speed entry varies from 0.1 m/s to 20 m/s. The general trend can be observed that bigger sizes of roughness element lead to higher flow resistance. It is found that the friction factor increases in a nonlinear fashion with the increase in obstruction height. Particularly, the effect of roughness can no longer be ignored at relative roughness height higher than 3%. A significant increase in Poiseuille number is detected for all configurations considered. The same observation can be done for Nusselt number. The transition zone between laminar and turbulent flow depends on the channel diameter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamics" title="hydrodynamics">hydrodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minichannel" title=" minichannel"> minichannel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microchannel" title=" microchannel"> microchannel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34312/numerical-analysis-of-roughness-effect-on-mini-and-microchannels-hydrodynamics-and-heat-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Numerical Simulation of Structured Roughness Effect on Fluid Flow Characteristics and Heat Transfer in Minichannels </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chouatah">R. Chouatah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20G.%20Filali"> E. G. Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Zouzou"> B. Zouzou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been well established that there are no differences between microscale and macroscale flows of incompressible liquids. However, surface roughness has been known to impact the transport phenomena. The effect of structured roughness on the dynamics and heat transfer of water flowing through minichannel was numerically investigated in this study. Our study consists in characterizing the dynamic field and heat transfer aspect of a flow in circular minichannel equipped with structured roughness using CFD software, CFX. The study is performed to understand the effect of various roughness elements (rectangular, triangular), roughness height and roughness pitch on the friction factor and heat transfer coefficient. Our work focuses on a water flow inside a circular mini-channel of 1 mm in diameter and 10 cm in length. The speed entry into the mini-channel varies from 0.1 m/s to 25 m/s. The wall of the mini-channel is submitted to a constant heat flux; q=100,000 W/m². The simulations results are compared to those obtained with smooth minichannel and the existing experimental and numerical results in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20and%20turbulent%20flow" title=" laminar and turbulent flow"> laminar and turbulent flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minichannel" title=" minichannel"> minichannel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20roughness" title=" structured roughness"> structured roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18533/numerical-simulation-of-structured-roughness-effect-on-fluid-flow-characteristics-and-heat-transfer-in-minichannels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Maxwell’s Economic Demon Hypothesis and the Impossibility of Economic Convergence of Developing Economies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firano%20Zakaria">Firano Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filali%20Adib%20Fatine"> Filali Adib Fatine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issue f convergence in theoretical models (classical or Keynesian) has been widely discussed. The results of the work affirm that most countries are seeking to get as close as possible to a steady state in order to catch up with developed countries. In this paper, we have retested this question whether it is absolute or conditional. The results affirm that the degree of convergence of countries like Morocco is very low and income is still far from its equilibrium state. Moreover, the analysis of financial convergence, of the countries in our panel, states that the pace in this sector is more intense: countries are converging more rapidly in financial terms. The question arises as to why, with a fairly convergent financial system, growth does not respond, yet the financial system should facilitate this economic convergence. Our results confirm that the degree of information exchange between the financial system and the economic system did not change significantly between 1985 and 2017. This leads to the hypothesis that the financial system is failing to serve its role as a creator of information in developing countries despite all the reforms undertaken, thus making the existence of an economic demon in the Maxwell prevail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20convergence" title="economic convergence">economic convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20convergence" title=" financial convergence"> financial convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20system" title=" financial system"> financial system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158839/maxwells-economic-demon-hypothesis-and-the-impossibility-of-economic-convergence-of-developing-economies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Geotechnical Characterization of Landslide in Dounia Park, Algiers, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mira%20Filali">Mira Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amar%20Nechnech"> Amar Nechnech</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most landslides in Algiers take place in Piacenzian marls of the Sahel (port in Arabic) and cause severe damage to properties and infrastructures. The aim of this paper is to describe the results of experimental as well as theoretical analysis of landslides. In order to understand the process which caused this slope instabilities, the results of geotechnical investigation carried out by the laboratory of construction (LNHC) laboratory in the area of Dounia park were analyzed, including particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, shear strength, odometer and pressuremeter tests. The study shows that the soils exhibited a high capacity to swelling according to index plasticity and clay content. Highs limit liquidity (LL) (53.45%) means that the soils are susceptible to landslides. The stability analysis carried out using finite element method, shows that the slope is stable (Fs > 1) in dry condition and in static state. Despite this results, the stable site could be described as only conditionally stable because slope failure can occur under combined effect of different factors. In fact the safety factor obtained by applying load when the phreatic surface is at ground, less than 1.5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index%20properties" title="index properties">index properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslides" title=" landslides"> landslides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20factor" title=" safety factor"> safety factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73166/geotechnical-characterization-of-landslide-in-dounia-park-algiers-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Approved Cyclic Treatment System of Grey Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanen%20Filali">Hanen Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hachicha"> Mohamed Hachicha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treated grey water (TGW) reuse emerged as an alternative resource to meet the growing demand for water for agricultural irrigation and reduce the pressure on limited existing fresh water. However, this reuse needs adapted management in order to avoid environmental and health risks. In this work, the treatment of grey water (GW) was studied from a cyclic treatment system that we designed and implemented in the greenhouse of National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF). This system is composed of three levels for treatment (TGW 1, TGW 2, and TGW 3). Each level includes a sandy soil box. The use of grey water was moderated depending on the chemical and microbiological quality obtained. Different samples of soils and treated grey water were performed and analyzed for 14 irrigation cycles. TGW through cyclic treatment showed physicochemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) in the range of 7,35-7,91, 1,69-5,03 dS/m, 102,6-54,2 mgO2/l, and 31,33-15,74 mgO2/l, respectively. Results showed a reduction in the pollutant load with a significant effect on the three treatment levels; however, an increase in salinity was observed during all irrigation cycles. Microbiological results showed good grey water treatment with low health risk on irrigated soil. Treated water quality was below permissible Tunisian standards (NT106.03), and treated water is suitable for non-potable options. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treated%20grey%20water" title="treated grey water">treated grey water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20treatment" title=" cyclic treatment"> cyclic treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soils" title=" soils"> soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physico-chemical%20parameters" title=" physico-chemical parameters"> physico-chemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiological%20parameters" title=" microbiological parameters"> microbiological parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155731/approved-cyclic-treatment-system-of-grey-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Mycorrhizal Autochthonous Consortium Induced Defense-Related Mechanisms of Olive Trees against Verticillium dahliae</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanane%20Boutaj">Hanane Boutaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelilah%20Meddich"> Abdelilah Meddich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Wahbi"> Said Wahbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20El%20Alaoui-Talibi"> Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allal%20Douira"> Allal Douira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkarim%20Filali-Maltouf"> Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherkaoui%20El%20Modafar"> Cherkaoui El Modafar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work aims to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving the olive tree resistance to Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Inoculated plants with a mycorrhizal autochthonous consortium 'Rhizolive consortium' and pure strain 'Glomus irregulare' were infected after three months with V. dahliae. The improving of olive tree resistance was determined through disease severity, incidence, and defoliation. On the other hand, the defense mechanisms of olive plants were evaluated through lignin content, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, and polyphenol content. The results revealed that both AMF significantly (p < 0.05) reduced disease development and the rate of defoliation in infected olive plants. Moreover, the contents of lignin were boosted after mycorrhizal inoculation in both the roots and the stems of olive plants, which remained significantly (p < 0.001) higher after the 90th days of V. dahliae inoculation. PAL activity was increased after V. dahliae inoculation in the stems of 'Rhizolive consortium' treatment that were 17 times higher than those in the roots of olive plants. The polyphenol content in the stems was about twice higher than those in the roots. The reduction of disease severity was accompanied by increased levels of lignin content, PAL activity, and polyphenol content, particularly in the stems of olive plants, indicating the strengthening of the olive plant immune system against V. dahliae. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olive%20tree" title="olive tree">olive tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mycorrhizal%20autochthonous%20consortium" title=" Mycorrhizal autochthonous consortium"> Mycorrhizal autochthonous consortium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glomus%20irregulare" title=" Glomus irregulare"> Glomus irregulare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verticillium%20dahliae" title=" Verticillium dahliae"> Verticillium dahliae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defense%20mechanisms" title=" defense mechanisms"> defense mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113552/mycorrhizal-autochthonous-consortium-induced-defense-related-mechanisms-of-olive-trees-against-verticillium-dahliae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Fundamentals of Mobile Application Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Filali">Mounir Filali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Companies use many innovative ways to reach their customers to stay ahead of the competition. Along with the growing demand for innovative business solutions is the demand for new technology. The most noticeable area of demand for business innovations is the mobile application industry. Recently, companies have recognized the growing need to integrate proprietary mobile applications into their suite of services; Companies have realized that developing mobile apps gives them a competitive edge. As a result, many have begun to rapidly develop mobile apps to stay ahead of the competition. Mobile application development helps companies meet the needs of their customers. Mobile apps also help businesses to take advantage of every potential opportunity to generate leads that convert into sales. Mobile app download growth statistics with the recent rise in demand for business-related mobile apps, there has been a similar rise in the range of mobile app solutions being offered. Today, companies can use the traditional route of the software development team to build their own mobile applications. However, there are also many platform-ready "low-code and no-code" mobile apps available to choose from. These mobile app development options have more streamlined business processes. This helps them be more responsive to their customers without having to be coding experts. Companies must have a basic understanding of mobile app architecture to attract and maintain the interest of mobile app users. Mobile application architecture refers to the buildings or structural systems and design elements that make up a mobile application. It also includes the technologies, processes, and components used during application development. The underlying foundation of all applications consists of all elements of the mobile application architecture; developing a good mobile app architecture requires proper planning and strategic design. The technology framework or platform on the back end and user-facing side of a mobile application is part of the mobile architecture of the application. In-application development Software programmers loosely refer to this set of mobile architecture systems and processes as the "technology stack." <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20applications" title="mobile applications">mobile applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title=" architecture"> architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164261/fundamentals-of-mobile-application-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Mobile App Architecture in 2023: Build Your Own Mobile App</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Filali">Mounir Filali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Companies use many innovative ways to reach their customers to stay ahead of the competition. Along with the growing demand for innovative business solutions is the demand for new technology. The most noticeable area of demand for business innovations is the mobile application industry. Recently, companies have recognized the growing need to integrate proprietary mobile applications into their suite of services; Companies have realized that developing mobile apps gives them a competitive edge. As a result, many have begun to rapidly develop mobile apps to stay ahead of the competition. Mobile application development helps companies meet the needs of their customers. Mobile apps also help businesses to take advantage of every potential opportunity to generate leads that convert into sales. Mobile app download growth statistics with the recent rise in demand for business-related mobile apps, there has been a similar rise in the range of mobile app solutions being offered. Today, companies can use the traditional route of the software development team to build their own mobile applications. However, there are also many platform-ready "low-code and no-code" mobile apps available to choose from. These mobile app development options have more streamlined business processes. This helps them be more responsive to their customers without having to be coding experts. Companies must have a basic understanding of mobile app architecture to attract and maintain the interest of mobile app users. Mobile application architecture refers to the buildings or structural systems and design elements that make up a mobile application. It also includes the technologies, processes, and components used during application development. The underlying foundation of all applications consists of all elements of the mobile application architecture, developing a good mobile app architecture requires proper planning and strategic design. The technology framework or platform on the back end and user-facing side of a mobile application is part of the mobile architecture of the application. In-application development Software programmers loosely refer to this set of mobile architecture systems and processes as the "technology stack". <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20applications" title="mobile applications">mobile applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title=" architecture"> architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163887/mobile-app-architecture-in-2023-build-your-own-mobile-app" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Investigating the Effectiveness of Multilingual NLP Models for Sentiment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Othmane%20Touri">Othmane Touri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanaa%20El%20Filali"> Sanaa El Filali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Habib%20Benlahmar"> El Habib Benlahmar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural Language Processing (NLP) has gained significant attention lately. It has proved its ability to analyze and extract insights from unstructured text data in various languages. It is found that one of the most popular NLP applications is sentiment analysis which aims to identify the sentiment expressed in a piece of text, such as positive, negative, or neutral, in multiple languages. While there are several multilingual NLP models available for sentiment analysis, there is a need to investigate their effectiveness in different contexts and applications. In this study, we aim to investigate the effectiveness of different multilingual NLP models for sentiment analysis on a dataset of online product reviews in multiple languages. The performance of several NLP models, including Google Cloud Natural Language API, Microsoft Azure Cognitive Services, Amazon Comprehend, Stanford CoreNLP, spaCy, and Hugging Face Transformers are being compared. The models based on several metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, are being evaluated and compared to their performance across different categories of product reviews. In order to run the study, preprocessing of the dataset has been performed by cleaning and tokenizing the text data in multiple languages. Then training and testing each model has been applied using a cross-validation approach where randomly dividing the dataset into training and testing sets and repeating the process multiple times has been used. A grid search approach to optimize the hyperparameters of each model and select the best-performing model for each category of product reviews and language has been applied. The findings of this study provide insights into the effectiveness of different multilingual NLP models for Multilingual Sentiment Analysis and their suitability for different languages and applications. The strengths and limitations of each model were identified, and recommendations for selecting the most performant model based on the specific requirements of a project were provided. This study contributes to the advancement of research methods in multilingual NLP and provides a practical guide for researchers and practitioners in the field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NLP" title="NLP">NLP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingual" title=" multilingual"> multilingual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title=" sentiment analysis"> sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texts" title=" texts"> texts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166284/investigating-the-effectiveness-of-multilingual-nlp-models-for-sentiment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>