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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87)" title="ماثيو كارتر (مصمم من المملكه المتحده) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماثيو كارتر (مصمم من المملكه المتحده)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC" title="マシュー・カーター – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マシュー・カーター" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Carter" title="Matthew Carter – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Matthew Carter" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British type designer (born 1937)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Matthew Carter, see <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Carter_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Matthew Carter (disambiguation)">Matthew Carter (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Matthew Carter</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Designer_for_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Designer for Industry">RDI</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg/220px-20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg/330px-20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg/440px-20180914-ATypI-2018-Matthew_Carter-NP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3583" data-file-height="5374" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Matthew Carter in 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1937-10-01</span>) </span>1 October 1937<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 87)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, United Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Type_design" title="Type design">Type design</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">2010 <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellow" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellow">MacArthur Fellow</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Matthew Carter</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Designer_for_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Designer for Industry">RDI</a></span></span> (born 1 October 1937) is a British <a href="/wiki/Type_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Type designer">type designer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-U.S._News_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._News-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2005 <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">New Yorker</a></i> profile described him as 'the most widely read man in the world' by considering the amount of text set in his commonly used typefaces.<sup id="cite_ref-Man_of_Letters_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Man_of_Letters-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Economist_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economist-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carter's career began in the early 1960s and has bridged all three major technologies used in type design: <a href="/wiki/Metal_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal type">physical type</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phototypesetting" title="Phototypesetting">phototypesetting</a> and digital type design, as well as the design of custom lettering. </p><p>Carter's most used typefaces are the classic web typefaces <a href="/wiki/Verdana" title="Verdana">Verdana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(typeface)" title="Georgia (typeface)">Georgia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> interface typeface <a href="/wiki/Tahoma_(typeface)" title="Tahoma (typeface)">Tahoma</a>, as well as other designs including <a href="/wiki/Bell_Centennial" title="Bell Centennial">Bell Centennial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miller_(typeface)" title="Miller (typeface)">Miller</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITC_Galliard" class="mw-redirect" title="ITC Galliard">Galliard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Design_Museum_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Design_Museum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Quirky_serifs_aside,_Georgia_fonts_win_on_Web_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quirky_serifs_aside,_Georgia_fonts_win_on_Web-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dot-font:_The_Typographic_Art_of_Matthew_Carter_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dot-font:_The_Typographic_Art_of_Matthew_Carter-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the son of the English historian of printing <a href="/wiki/Harry_Carter_(typographer)" title="Harry Carter (typographer)">Harry Carter</a> (1901–1982) and cofounded <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Inc." title="Bitstream Inc.">Bitstream</a>, one of the first major retailers of <a href="/wiki/Computer_font" title="Computer font">digital typefaces</a>. He lives in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>, Massachusetts.<sup id="cite_ref-Five_things_you_should_know_about_Matthew_Carter_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Five_things_you_should_know_about_Matthew_Carter-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CarterFaces.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/CarterFaces.png/240px-CarterFaces.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/CarterFaces.png/360px-CarterFaces.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/CarterFaces.png 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Specimens of typefaces by Matthew Carter</figcaption></figure> <p>Carter grew up in London, the son of Harry Carter, a book designer and later historian of printing. His mother worked in preparing scale drawings. </p><p>Although Carter had intended to get a degree in English at <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> he was advised to take a year off so he would be the same age as his contemporaries who had gone into <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Conscription in the United Kingdom">National Service</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enschedé"><span id="Ensched.C3.A9"></span>Enschedé</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Enschedé"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Through his father, Carter arranged to hold an internship at the <a href="/wiki/Joh._Ensched%C3%A9" title="Joh. Enschedé">Joh. Enschedé</a> type foundry in the Netherlands for a year. An extremely long-lasting company with a long history of printing, Enschedé had a history of creating conservative but popular book typefaces. Carter studied manual <a href="/wiki/Punchcutting" title="Punchcutting">punchcutting</a>, the method used to make moulds used to cast <a href="/wiki/Metal_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal type">metal type</a>, under P. H. Rädisch. Punchcutting was a traditional artisanal approach in decline many years before the 1950s. Carter is one of the last people in Europe formally trained in the technique as a living practice. </p><p>Carter enjoyed the experience, and decided to move directly into a career in graphic design and printing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="London_and_New_York">London and New York</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: London and New York"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carter's career in type and graphic design has bridged the transition from physical metal type to digital type. </p><p>Despite Carter's training in the art of traditional punchcutting, his career developed at a time when <a href="/wiki/Metal_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal type">metal type</a> was rapidly being displaced by <a href="/wiki/Phototypesetting" title="Phototypesetting">phototypesetting</a>. This reduced the cost of designing and using a wide range of typefaces, since type could be stored on reels of film rather than as blocks of expensively engraved metal. In a book on Carter's career, historian <a href="/wiki/James_Mosley" title="James Mosley">James Mosley</a>, a few years older than Carter, would write of the period of their upbringing: </p> <blockquote><p>The <a href="/wiki/Monotype_Imaging" title="Monotype Imaging">Monotype</a> classic [fonts] dominated the typographical landscape ... in Britain, at any rate, they were so ubiquitous that, while their excellent quality was undeniable, it was possible to be bored by them and to begin to rebel against the bland good taste that they represented. In fact we were already aware by 1960 that they might not be around to bore us for too long. The death of metal type ... seemed at last to be happening.'<sup id="cite_ref-Typographically_Speaking:_The_Art_of_Matthew_Carter_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Typographically_Speaking:_The_Art_of_Matthew_Carter-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Carter eventually returned to London where he became a freelancer. By 1961 Carter was able to use the skills he acquired to cut his own version of the semi-bold typeface <a href="/wiki/Dante_(typeface)" title="Dante (typeface)">Dante</a>. An early example of his work is the masthead logo he designed for the British magazine <a href="/wiki/Private_Eye" title="Private Eye">Private Eye</a> in May 1962, still in use.<sup id="cite_ref-Matthew_Carter's_timeless_typographic_masthead_for_Private_Eye_magazine_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthew_Carter's_timeless_typographic_masthead_for_Private_Eye_magazine-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously the lettering had been different for the masthead of each issue; it was based on a typeface ('a bit of nameless juvenilia') which was never ultimately published.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter's_Battered_Stat_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter's_Battered_Stat-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Old_School_layout_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Old_School_layout-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also did early work for <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport" title="Heathrow Airport">Heathrow Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Creative_Bloq_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creative_Bloq-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Excoffon's_Autograph_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Excoffon's_Autograph-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carter would later become the typographic advisor to <a href="/wiki/Crosfield_Electronics" title="Crosfield Electronics">Crosfield Electronics</a>, distributors of Photon <a href="/wiki/Phototypesetting" title="Phototypesetting">phototypesetting</a> machines. Carter designed many typefaces for <a href="/wiki/Mergenthaler_Linotype_Company" title="Mergenthaler Linotype Company">Mergenthaler Linotype</a> as well. Under Linotype, Carter created well-known typefaces including <a href="/wiki/Snell_Roundhand" class="mw-redirect" title="Snell Roundhand">Snell Roundhand</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Script_typeface" title="Script typeface">script typeface</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bell_Centennial" title="Bell Centennial">Bell Centennial</a>, intended for use in the <a href="/wiki/Bell_System" title="Bell System">Bell System</a>'s phone directories and to celebrate its anniversary. </p><p>Based on the work of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Granjon" title="Robert Granjon">Robert Granjon</a>, a 16th century French engraver, Carter created the sharp, high-contrast family <a href="/wiki/ITC_Galliard" class="mw-redirect" title="ITC Galliard">Galliard</a>. This matched a family interest: Carter's father in the 1950s had indexed and examined original type by Granjon at the <a href="/wiki/Plantin-Moretus_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantin-Moretus Museum">Plantin-Moretus Museum</a> in Antwerp, and Carter had visited him several times to observe his progress. Carter's adaptation, more intended for display use than for body text, included some eccentricities of Granjon's original design, producing a result unlike many previous revivals of typefaces from the period.<sup id="cite_ref-Flawed_Typefaces_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flawed_Typefaces-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter wrote of his father's research that it had helped to demonstrate "that the finest collection of printing types made <i>[by <a href="/wiki/Christophe_Plantin" title="Christophe Plantin">Christophe Plantin</a>]</i> in typography's golden age was in perfect condition (some muddle aside) [along with] Plantin's accounts and inventories which names the cutters of his types."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-or_Garamont_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-or_Garamont-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carter also advised <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> as an independent consultant in the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bitstream">Bitstream</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bitstream"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Matthew_Carter,_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg/220px-Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg/330px-Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg/440px-Matthew_Carter%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol18Num3_1986_Oct9_Complete.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1384" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption>Carter showing his <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Type_Library" title="Dutch Type Library">DTL</a> Flamande typeface, circa 1986</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1981, Carter and his colleague <a href="/wiki/Mike_Parker_(typographer)" title="Mike Parker (typographer)">Mike Parker</a> created <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Inc." title="Bitstream Inc.">Bitstream Inc.</a><sup id="cite_ref-U.S._News_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._News-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This digital type foundry was one of the largest suppliers of type before its acquisition by Monotype in 2012. The company however did receive extensive criticism for its strategy of cheaply offering digitisations of pre-existing typefaces that it had not designed, often under alternative names (for example, <a href="/wiki/Times_New_Roman" title="Times New Roman">Times New Roman</a> as 'Dutch 801'). While technically not illegal, this selling of large numbers of typefaces on CD would be described by type designer John Hudson as "one of the worst instances of piracy in the history of type".<sup id="cite_ref-Bitstream_Devroye_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bitstream_Devroye-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his role at Bitstream, Carter designed typefaces, such as <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Charter" title="Bitstream Charter">Charter</a>, and commissioned others such as <a href="/wiki/Iowan_Old_Style" title="Iowan Old Style">Iowan Old Style</a> from <a href="/wiki/John_Downer_(signpainter)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Downer (signpainter)">John Downer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alastair_Johnston_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alastair_Johnston-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bitstream would ultimately be acquired by Monotype in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carter_and_Cone">Carter and Cone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Carter and Cone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carter left Bitstream in 1991 and in 1992 formed the <a href="/wiki/Carter_%26_Cone" title="Carter & Cone">Carter & Cone</a> type foundry with Cherie Cone.<sup id="cite_ref-Reputations:_Matthew_Carter_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reputations:_Matthew_Carter-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter's recent typefaces have been published by a range of retailers including <a href="/wiki/International_Typeface_Corporation" title="International Typeface Corporation">ITC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Font_Bureau" title="Font Bureau">Font Bureau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monotype_Imaging" title="Monotype Imaging">Monotype</a>, often in collaboration with Carter and Cone, together with his custom designs created for companies such as Microsoft. </p><p>Of Carter's recent typefaces, the <a href="/wiki/Serif" title="Serif">serif</a> web typeface <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(typeface)" title="Georgia (typeface)">Georgia</a> is inspired by <a href="/wiki/Scotch_Roman" title="Scotch Roman">Scotch Roman</a> designs of the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotch_Roman_Mosley_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotch_Roman_Mosley-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-type101_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-type101-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was based on designs for a print typeface in the same style Carter was working on when contacted by Microsoft; this would be released under the name <a href="/wiki/Miller_(typeface)" title="Miller (typeface)">Miller</a> some years later.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-printinghistory_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-printinghistory-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking in 2013 about the development of Georgia and Miller, Carter said, "I was familiar with Scotch romans, puzzled by the fact that they were once so popular ... and then they disappeared completely."<sup id="cite_ref-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many of Carter's typefaces were created to address specific technical challenges, for example those posed by early computers. <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Charter" title="Bitstream Charter">Charter</a> was created to use a minimal number of design elements to fit in a small memory space on early computers, a problem that had expired even before he finished the design.<sup id="cite_ref-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Boldface" class="mw-redirect" title="Boldface">bold</a> versions of Verdana and Georgia are also unusually bold, almost black. Carter noted that, "Verdana and Georgia ... were all about binary <a href="/wiki/Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmaps</a>: every pixel was on or off, black or white ... The bold versions of Verdana and Georgia are bolder than most bolds, because on the screen, at the time we were doing this in the mid-1990s, if the stem wanted to be thicker than one pixel, it could only go to two pixels. That is a bigger jump in weight than is conventional in print series."<sup id="cite_ref-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthew_Carter_MyFonts_interview-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of Carter's early typeface digitizations would later be revisited: Monotype released an expanded version of Charter and <a href="/wiki/Font_Bureau" title="Font Bureau">Font Bureau</a> expanded versions of Georgia, Verdana, Big Caslon and others.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Big_Caslon_promotional_page_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Big_Caslon_promotional_page-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier in his career, <a href="/wiki/Bell_Centennial" title="Bell Centennial">Bell Centennial</a> was created to be legible in telephone directories, even when printed on cheap paper at small sizes. </p><p>Carter's only typeface to bear his name is <a href="/wiki/Carter_Sans" title="Carter Sans">Carter Sans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Typographica_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Typographica-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Typeoff_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Typeoff-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shaw_Interview_With_Matthew_Carter_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shaw_Interview_With_Matthew_Carter-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a 'glyphic' sans-serif with flaring towards the end of each letter. It was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Albertus_(typeface)" title="Albertus (typeface)">Albertus</a>, a popular British typeface created by <a href="/wiki/Berthold_Wolpe" title="Berthold Wolpe">Berthold Wolpe</a> for Monotype. Carter knew Wolpe early in his career and helped digitize one of his less-known typefaces for a 1980 retrospective of his work.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HWT_Van_Lanen.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HWT_Van_Lanen.png/220px-HWT_Van_Lanen.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HWT_Van_Lanen.png/330px-HWT_Van_Lanen.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HWT_Van_Lanen.png/440px-HWT_Van_Lanen.png 2x" data-file-width="735" data-file-height="302" /></a><figcaption>HWT Van Lanen, in a digital specimen</figcaption></figure> <p>One of Carter's more unusual projects was a typeface, Van Lanen, for the <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Wood_Type_and_Printing_Museum" title="Hamilton Wood Type and Printing Museum">Hamilton Wood Type and Printing Museum</a>. A 'Latin'-style wedge serif typeface, it was released both in digital form and <a href="/wiki/Wood_type" title="Wood type">wood type</a>. In an article on it, Carter noted that it has been "50 years since a type of my design had been in a physical form that I could hold in my hand."<sup id="cite_ref-Yin_and_Yang_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yin_and_Yang-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yale_University_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Yale_University_logo.svg/220px-Yale_University_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Yale_University_logo.svg/330px-Yale_University_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Yale_University_logo.svg/440px-Yale_University_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> logo, designed in Carter's typeface, Yale</figcaption></figure> <p>Carter has taught on <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>'s graphic design programme since 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also designed the university's corporate typeface, <a href="/wiki/Yale_(typeface)" title="Yale (typeface)">Yale</a>, at the request of John Gambell, the University Printer.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-A_brief_history_of_the_Yale_typeface_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_brief_history_of_the_Yale_typeface-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ydn_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ydn-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter has said that this was the first time in designing a typeface that he focused more on capital than lowercase letters, since he knew that on the building signs the lettering would be in capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-print_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-print-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carter wrote that: </p> <blockquote><p>The signs, whether free-standing or attached to walls, reminded me of inscriptions, and this led me to think about the inscriptional origins of Roman caps and the everlasting problem of reconciling capitals with lowercase. For me, the moment when the first true synthesis occurred was in the type of <i>De Aetna</i>. This led me in turn to the <a href="/wiki/Beinecke_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Beinecke Library">Beinecke Library</a> to pore over their copy of the book and its type – the archetype of Roman type for me.<sup id="cite_ref-print_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-print-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carter has won numerous awards for his contributions to typography and design, including an <i><a href="/wiki/Honoris_causa" class="mw-redirect" title="Honoris causa">honoris causa</a>,</i> <a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Doctorate of Humane Letters</a> from the <a href="/wiki/The_Art_Institute_of_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="The Art Institute of Boston">Art Institute of Boston</a>, an <small>AIGA</small> medal in 1995, the TDC Medal from the Type Directors Club in 1997, and the 2005 <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Society_of_Typographic_Aficionados&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Society of Typographic Aficionados (page does not exist)">SOTA</a></small> Typography Award. A retrospective of his work, "Typographically Speaking, The Art of Matthew Carter," was exhibited at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in December 2002. This retrospective is featured in the documentary, "Typographically Speaking: A Conversation With Matthew Carter." In 2010, Carter was named a <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows_Program" title="MacArthur Fellows Program">MacArthur Foundation Fellow</a>, otherwise known as a "<a href="/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">genius</a>" grant.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 May 2011, he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the <a href="/wiki/National_Design_Awards" title="National Design Awards">National Design Awards</a> at the White House.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He is a member of <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Graphique_Internationale" title="Alliance Graphique Internationale">Alliance Graphique Internationale</a> (<small>AGI</small>), has served as chairman of <a href="/wiki/ATypI" title="ATypI">ATypI</a>, is a member of the board of directors of the Type Directors Club, and is an <i>ex officio</i> member of the board of directors of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Society_of_Typographic_Aficionados&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Society of Typographic Aficionados (page does not exist)">Society of Typographic Aficionados</a><small> (SOTA)</small>. Some of Carter's designs are in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/St_Bride_Library" title="St Bride Library">St. Bride Printing Library</a> in London.<sup id="cite_ref-The_materials_of_typefounding_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_materials_of_typefounding-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carter was appointed <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> (CBE) in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Birthday_Honours" title="2020 Birthday Honours">2020 Birthday Honours</a> for services to typography and design.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Birthday_Honours_list_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Birthday_Honours_list-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typefaces">Typefaces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Typefaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Matthew Carter's typefaces include the following: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li>Alisal<sup id="cite_ref-Alisal_MT_MyFonts_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alisal_MT_MyFonts-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Centennial" title="Bell Centennial">Bell Centennial</a><sup id="cite_ref-U.S._News_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._News-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bell_Centennial_LTA_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bell_Centennial_LTA-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Caslon" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Caslon">Big Caslon</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fonts_in_Use_Big_Caslon_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fonts_in_Use_Big_Caslon-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_face_typefaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Fat face typefaces">Big Figgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baskerville" title="Baskerville">Big Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Sans" title="Carter Sans">Carter Sans</a></li> <li>Cascade Script<sup id="cite_ref-Cascade_LT_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cascade_LT-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Charter" title="Bitstream Charter">Charter</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_(typeface)" title="Cochin (typeface)">Cochin</a> (adaptation)<sup id="cite_ref-Cochin_LTA_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cochin_LTA-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(typeface)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephant (typeface)">Elephant</a> (later republished as Big Figgins)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li>Fenway</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Type_Library" title="Dutch Type Library">DTL</a> Flamande</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galliard_(typeface)" title="Galliard (typeface)">ITC Galliard</a></li> <li>Gando</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(typeface)" title="Georgia (typeface)">Georgia</a><sup id="cite_ref-slate_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvetica#Helvetica_Compressed_(1966)" title="Helvetica">Helvetica Compressed</a><sup id="cite_ref-Typographically_speaking_:_the_art_of_Matthew_Carter_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Typographically_speaking_:_the_art_of_Matthew_Carter-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvetica#Language_variants" title="Helvetica">Helvetica Greek</a></li> <li>Mantinia<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mantinia_FB_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mantinia_FB-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meiryo" title="Meiryo">Meiryo</a> (Latin range)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miller_(typeface)" title="Miller (typeface)">Miller</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello_(typeface)" title="Monticello (typeface)">Monticello</a><sup id="cite_ref-Mr._Jefferson's_Typeface_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mr._Jefferson's_Typeface-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Nina</li> <li>Olympian<sup id="cite_ref-Olympian_MyFonts_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olympian_MyFonts-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rocky<sup id="cite_ref-Rocky_FB_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rocky_FB-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Roster</li> <li>Shelley Script<sup id="cite_ref-Shelley_Script_LTA_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shelley_Script_LTA-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sitka</li> <li>Snell Roundhand<sup id="cite_ref-U.S._News_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._News-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skia_(typeface)" title="Skia (typeface)">Skia</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li>Sophia<sup id="cite_ref-Sophia_FB_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sophia_FB-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Stilson<sup id="cite_ref-Stilson_FB_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stilson_FB-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahoma_(typeface)" title="Tahoma (typeface)">Tahoma</a></li> <li>Van Lanen<sup id="cite_ref-Yin_and_Yang_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yin_and_Yang-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HWT_Van_Lanen_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HWT_Van_Lanen-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdana" title="Verdana">Verdana</a><sup id="cite_ref-slate_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Vincent</li> <li>Walker<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Greek" title="Wilson Greek">Wilson Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_(typeface)" title="Yale (typeface)">Yale</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Besides Carter's commercially released typefaces, many of his designs have been privately commissioned for companies for their own use. These include work for <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>, <i>The New York Times</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Magazine">Time</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Devroye_Matthew_Carter_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Devroye_Matthew_Carter-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of these typefaces would later be released commercially. An example of this is Roster, which is based on a smaller family created under the name of <i>Wrigley</i> for <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i> magazine, and Stilson, originally proprietary to <i>The Washington Post</i> and named 'Postoni'.<sup id="cite_ref-Stilson_FB_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stilson_FB-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roster_FB_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roster_FB-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seven of Carter's typefaces—Bell Centennial, Big Caslon, ITC Galliard, Mantinia, Miller, Verdana and Walker—have been in the permanent collection of the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> since 2011. The typefaces were displayed in the MoMA's <a href="/wiki/Standard_Deviations_(exhibition)" title="Standard Deviations (exhibition)"><i>Standard Deviations</i></a> exhibition of 2011–12. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_AIGA_medalists" title="List of AIGA medalists">List of AIGA medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Directors_Club_Hall_of_Fame" title="Art Directors Club Hall of Fame">Art Directors Club Hall of Fame</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-U.S._News-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-U.S._News_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-U.S._News_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-U.S._News_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-U.S._News_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/030901/1font.htm">A Man of Letters</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070709042445/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/030901/1font.htm">Archived</a> 9 July 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World 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Font Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Big+Caslon+FB&rft.pub=Font+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fontbureau.com%2Ffonts%2FBigCaslonFB%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fonts_in_Use_Big_Caslon-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fonts_in_Use_Big_Caslon_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fontsinuse.com/typefaces/555/big-caslon">"Big Caslon"</a>. <i>Fonts in Use</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Butterick%27s+Practical+Typography&rft.atitle=Charter&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Butterick&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpracticaltypography.com%2Fcharter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cochin_LTA-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cochin_LTA_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/cochin/">"Cochin"</a>. <i>MyFonts</i>. Linotype/Adobe<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The Museum of Modern Art.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MoMA+%E2%80%93+The+Collection+%E2%80%93+Matthew+Carter.+Verdana.+1996&rft.pub=The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fcollection%2Fbrowse_results.php%3Fobject_id%3D139312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?object_id=139311">"MoMA – The Collection – Matthew Carter. Walker. 1995"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Type+Design+Information+Page&rft.atitle=Matthew+Carter&rft.aulast=Devroye&rft.aufirst=Luc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fluc.devroye.org%2Ffonts-26320.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roster_FB-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roster_FB_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160215203620/http://www.fontbureau.com/blog/roster-new-release/">"Roster: A Square-Shouldered Powerhouse in 60 Styles"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Font_Bureau" title="Font Bureau">Font Bureau</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fontbureau.com/blog/roster-new-release/">the original</a> on 15 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roster%3A+A+Square-Shouldered+Powerhouse+in+60+Styles&rft.pub=Font+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fontbureau.com%2Fblog%2Froster-new-release%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eye_(magazine)" title="Eye (magazine)"><i>Eye</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Eye_magazine_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Eye magazine issues">No. 11, Vol. 3</a>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Rick_Poynor" title="Rick Poynor">Rick Poynor</a>, Wordsearch Ltd, 1993.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacmillan2006" class="citation book cs1">Macmillan, Neil (2006). <i>An A-Z of Type Designers</i>. Laurence King Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1856693953" title="Special:BookSources/1856693953"><bdi>1856693953</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+A-Z+of+Type+Designers&rft.pub=Laurence+King+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1856693953&rft.aulast=Macmillan&rft.aufirst=Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMatthew+Carter" class="Z3988"></span>, p. 62.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myfonts.com/collections/matthew-carter">MyFonts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130828210842/http://www.will-harris.com/verdana-georgia.htm">Georgia & Verdana – Typefaces for the screen</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080723183034/http://www.monotypeimaging.com/ProductsServices/TypeDesignerShowcase/MatthewCarter/">Type Designer Showcase biography at Monotype Imaging</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.designmuseum.org/design/matthew-carter">Designing Modern Britain exhibition biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/speakers/matthew_carter">Matthew Carter</a> at <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383244#P2611" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ted.com/talks/matthew_carter_my_life_in_typefaces">TED Talk: Matthew Carter: My life in typefaces (TED2014)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eyemagazine.com/feature/article/reputations-matthew-carter">Mathew Carter in conversation with Erik Spiekermann, Eye No. 11</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/02/02/graphic-content-carter-sans/">Graphic Content: Carter Sans</a>, by Steven Heller, New York Times, 2 February 2011</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://luc.devroye.org/myfonts-matthewcarter-/">Matthew Carter</a> – collection of material by <a href="/wiki/Luc_Devroye" title="Luc Devroye">Luc Devroye</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-26319.html">Carter & Cone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luc_Devroye" title="Luc Devroye">Luc Devroye</a>'s website)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carterandcone.com/">Carter & Cone</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/121959252">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/115889477">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&oldid=1249102134">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Carter&oldid=1249102134</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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