CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/","20120117035439","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1326772479"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <title>Stoat</title> <meta name="description" content="Taking science by the throat... climate, rowing, and misc."> <meta name="TITLE" content="Stoat"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/rsd.xml"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/index.xml"/>  <style type="text/css"> /* Prefix all your new classes with div.blogMain to prevent clobbering the global styles; for example: div.blogMain p {font-size: 14px;} */ </style> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us"/> <meta name="robots" content="NOODP"/> <meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="true"/> <meta http-equiv="imagetoolbar" content="false"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20120117035439cs_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/css/screen/main.css" type="text/css" media="screen, projection"/>    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20120117035439cs_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/css/print/main.css" type="text/css" media="print"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20120117035439js_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/js/global.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20120117035439js_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20120117035439js_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/js/jquery-functions.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR FOR DART */ var axel = Math.random() + ""; var ord = axel * 1000000000000000000; </script>   </head> <body id="blog"> <div class="seedBanner"> <p class="left">Now on ScienceBlogs: <a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/thepumphandle/2012/01/dr_kings_legacy_and_environmen.php?utm_source=networkbanner&utm_medium=link">Dr. King's legacy and environmental justice</a> </p>  </div> <div id="sbMainContainer"> <div id="topPromoContainer"> <div id="leaderboard">   <script language="JavaScript1.1"> var bust; if (typeof bust == 'undefined') { bust = Math.floor(1000000*Math.random()); } if ((!document.images && navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0) || navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV")>= 0) { document.write('<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord='+bust+'" border="0" height="90" width="728"></a>'); } else { document.write('<scr' + 'ipt language="JavaScript1.1" SRC="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/ng.scienceblogs/misc;dcopt=ist;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord='+bust+'" border="0" height="90" width="728"></a>'); document.write('</scr' + 'ipt>'); } </script> <noscript> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord=20021017123955"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=728x90;tile=1;ord=20021017123955" border="0" height="90" width="728"></a> </noscript>  </div> <div id="topPromo"> <a class="singleImage" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/bookclub/inside_the_outbreaks/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/promos/bkclb_outbreaks_222x90.gif" alt="ScienceBlogs Book Club: Inside the Outbreaks"/></a> </div>  </div> <div class="globalNav"> <ul id="mainNav"> <li id="hoursNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/24-hours/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Last 24 Hrs</a></li> <li id="lifeNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/life-science/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Life Science</a></li> <li id="physicalNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/physical-science/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Physical Science</a></li> <li id="environmentNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/environment/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Environment</a></li> <li id="humanitiesNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/humanities/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Humanities</a></li> <li id="educationNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/education/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Education</a></li> <li id="politicsNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/politics/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Politics</a></li> <li id="medicineNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/medicine/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Medicine</a></li> <li id="brainNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/brain-and-behavior/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Brain & Behavior</a></li> <li id="technologyNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/technology/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Technology</a></li> <li id="informationNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/information-science/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Information Science</a></li> <li id="jobsNav"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/jobs/?utm_source=globalChannel&utm_medium=link">Jobs</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="blogContainer"> <div class="mainCol"> <div class="blogTop"> <div class="masthead makeClickable" style="background: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/upload/stoat.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;"> <h1><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/" accesskey="1">Stoat</a></h1> <p>Taking science by the throat... climate, rowing, and misc.</p> </div> <div class="nav"> <ul> <li class="active"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/">Latest Posts</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/archives.php">Archives</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/about.php">About</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/rss.php">RSS</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/contact.php">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="blogLeft"> <h3><span>Profile</span></h3> <p class="profile"> <img src="/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/DSC_0456-us-in-bubble_crop.JPG" width="150" height="150" alt="Me"/> My family and me. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:William_M._Connolley">More...</a> <p> Make sure you're familiar with the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/08/comment_policy.php">Comment Policy</a> </p> <p> Confused by my constant use of abbreviations? Then you need the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/07/common_abbreviations_and_uncom.php">Glossary</a> <p> <iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439if_/http://www.heiaheia.com/plugin/groups/1064939704?content_type=2&height=350&locale=en&measurement_system=1&width=150" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border:none;overflow:hidden;width:150px;height:350px;" allowtransparency="true"></iframe>  <h3><span>Search</span></h3> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.google.com/cse" onsubmit="document.getElementById('qbox').value=document.getElementById('qbox').value + ' site:http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/';" id="searchbox_017254414699180528062:uyrcvn__yd0" class="blogSearch"> <p><input type="hidden" name="cx" value="017254414699180528062:uyrcvn__yd0"/> <input type="text" name="q" id="qbox"/> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"/></p> </form>  <h3><span>Recent Posts</span><br class="clear"/></h3> <ul class="linkList"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/tweaking_the_wackos_part_ii.php">Tweaking the wackos, part II</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php">On the Limits of Expert Credibility: Theory and an Application to Climate Change?</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/weather_and_climate_again.php">Weather and Climate (again)</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/happy_christmas.php">Happy Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/watching_the_euro.php">Watching the Euro</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/solat_panels.php">Solar panels</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/the_stoat_in_winter.php">The stoat in winter</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/pony_-_something_that_the.php">Common software engineering terms</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/rahmstorf_the_journo_and_the_a.php">Rahmstorf, the Journo and the African drought</a></li> </ul>  <h3><span>Recent Comments</span></h3> <ul class="linkList altLinks"> <li><a title="http://hankroberts.wordpress.com" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/mt/comments?__mode=red;id=6212200">Hank Roberts</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6212200">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li>Martin Vermeer on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6212022">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li>crandles on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/watching_the_euro.php#c6211405">Watching the Euro</a></li> <li>evil denier poopyhead on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6211174">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li>David B. Benson on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6210983">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li><a title="http://www.alexanderac.blogspot.com" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/mt/comments?__mode=red;id=6210036">Alexander Ač</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6210036">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li><a title="http://alexanderac.blogspot.com" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/mt/comments?__mode=red;id=6209881">Alexander Ač</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6209881">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> <li><a title="http://alexanderac.blogspot.com" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/mt/comments?__mode=red;id=6209507">Alexander Ač</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php#c6209507">On the Limits of Expert Credibility: Theory and an Application to Climate Change?</a></li> <li><a title="http://alexanderac.blogspot.com" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/mt/comments?__mode=red;id=6209461">Alexander A4</a> on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php#c6209461">On the Limits of Expert Credibility: Theory and an Application to Climate Change?</a></li> <li>John Mashey on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#c6209009">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></li> </ul>  <h3><span>Archives</span></h3> <ul class="linkList"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/" target="_main">January 2012</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/" target="_main">December 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/11/" target="_main">November 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/10/" target="_main">October 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/09/" target="_main">September 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/08/" target="_main">August 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/07/" target="_main">July 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/06/" target="_main">June 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/05/" target="_main">May 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/04/" target="_main">April 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/03/" target="_main">March 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/02/" target="_main">February 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/01/" target="_main">January 2011</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/12/" target="_main">December 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/11/" target="_main">November 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/10/" target="_main">October 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/09/" target="_main">September 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/08/" target="_main">August 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/07/" target="_main">July 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/06/" target="_main">June 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/05/" target="_main">May 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/04/" target="_main">April 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/03/" target="_main">March 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/02/" target="_main">February 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/01/" target="_main">January 2010</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/12/" target="_main">December 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/11/" target="_main">November 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/10/" target="_main">October 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/09/" target="_main">September 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/08/" target="_main">August 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/07/" target="_main">July 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/06/" target="_main">June 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/05/" target="_main">May 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/04/" target="_main">April 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/03/" target="_main">March 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/02/" target="_main">February 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2009/01/" target="_main">January 2009</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/12/" target="_main">December 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/11/" target="_main">November 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/10/" target="_main">October 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/09/" target="_main">September 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/08/" target="_main">August 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/07/" target="_main">July 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/06/" target="_main">June 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/05/" target="_main">May 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/04/" target="_main">April 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/03/" target="_main">March 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/02/" target="_main">February 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/01/" target="_main">January 2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/12/" target="_main">December 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/11/" target="_main">November 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/10/" target="_main">October 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/09/" target="_main">September 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/08/" target="_main">August 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/07/" target="_main">July 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/06/" target="_main">June 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/05/" target="_main">May 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/04/" target="_main">April 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/03/" target="_main">March 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/02/" target="_main">February 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/01/" target="_main">January 2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/12/" target="_main">December 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/11/" target="_main">November 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/10/" target="_main">October 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/09/" target="_main">September 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/08/" target="_main">August 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/07/" target="_main">July 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/06/" target="_main">June 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/05/" target="_main">May 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/04/" target="_main">April 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/03/" target="_main">March 2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2006/02/" target="_main">February 2006</a></li> </ul> <h3><span>Blogroll</span></h3> <ul class="linkList"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://wmconnolley.livejournal.com/">My personal blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://backseatdriving.blogspot.com/">Back Seat Driving</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://home.badc.rl.ac.uk/lawrence/blog">Bryan's Blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://capitalistimperialistpig.blogspot.com/">CIP</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://davidappell.blogspot.com/">QS/DA</a><li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/">Deltoid</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://rabett.blogspot.com/">Eli t Rabett</a> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://julesandjames.blogspot.com/">Jeb</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.inkstain.net/fleck/">John Fleck</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://initforthegold.blogspot.com/">Only In It For The Gold</a> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.realclimate.org/">Real Climate</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://climatesci.atmos.colostate.edu/">RP Sr</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://sciencepolicy.colorado.edu/prometheus/">RP Jr</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://moregrumbinescience.blogspot.com/">Sagredo</a> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.someareboojums.org/blog/">Some are Boojums</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ourchangingclimate.wordpress.com/">My view on climate change (Bart)</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceofdoom.com/">Science of Doom</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://timworstall.com/">Timmy</a></li> </ul> <h3><span>Other Information</span></h3> <div class="freeModule"> <table style="border:1px solid #aa0033; font-size:small" align="center"> <tr> <td>Co-moderator of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://groups.google.com/group/globalchange">globalchange</a> mailing list </td> <td align="center"><b>Subscribe to globalchange</b></td> </tr> <form size="10" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://groups.google.com/group/globalchange/boxsubscribe"> <input type="hidden" name="hl" value="en"> <tr> <td>Email: <input type="text" size="10" name="email"></td> <td> <table style="background-color:#ffcc33;padding:2px;border:2px outset #ffcc33;"> <tr> <td> <input type="submit" name="sub" value="Subscribe"> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </form> <tr><td colspan="2" align="center"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://groups.google.com/group/globalchange">Browse</a> at <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://groups.google.com/">groups.google.com</a> </td></tr> </table> I've been using Google Reader recently, following the lamented death of Planet Fleck, and I suppose I have to admit its better. Here are some "shared items" if, for some reason, you want to read what I read. <p> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439js_/http://www.google.com/reader/ui/publisher.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439js_/http://www.google.com/reader/public/javascript/user/02921154608418551885/state/com.google/broadcast?n=5&callback=GRC_p(%7Bc%3A%22green%22%2Ct%3A%22william's%20shared%20items%22%2Cs%3A%22false%22%7D)%3Bnew%20GRC"></script> </div> </div> <div class="blogMain">  <p class="date">January 16, 2012</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181593"> <h2><a id="a181593" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/tweaking_the_wackos_part_ii.php">Tweaking the wackos, part II</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/climate_fun/">climate fun</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/11/tweaking_the_wackos.php">Tweaking the wackos</a> refers. "James Pagett" wrote <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/01/10/the-wonderful-world-of-wikipedia/">The Wonderful World of Wikipedia</a> at WUWT complaining about the [[<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soon_and_Baliunas_controversy">Soon-Baliunas controversy</a>]] page. But despite the author knowing enough about wikipedia to have gotten himself topic-banned by arbcomm (which the post, oddly, doesn't have room to mention) the article does a very poor job of explaining how wikipedia works. Which isn't too surprising, as <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2010/01/a_childs_garden_of_wikipedia_p.php">no-one outside does</a>.</p> <p>But because the post is at WUWT, and is about climate, and wikipedia, it doesn't take look for the wackos to start ranting about me, even though I don't feature in this story at all. Since I'd been invoked, I felt obliged to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/01/10/the-wonderful-world-of-wikipedia/#comment-861540">turn up</a> (there, and in following comments). However, there is a disappointing lack of desire to learn about wikipedia, or indeed to make any attempt to back up assertions.</p> <p>As far as can be told, the post didn't lead to an invasion of septics; about the biggest consequence (apart from the correction at S+B) was someone insisting that "climate" must go in as an example of chaos [<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chaos_theory&diff=471326596&oldid=471294505">1</a>]. But the impression, from the comment thread, is that the Watties don't understand wiki, and they fear it, and they aren't even going to try touching it. Which is by and large all for the good.</p> <h3>Refs</h3> <p>* <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1674221&">Comparison of Wikipedia and other encyclopedias for accuracy, breadth, and depth in historical articles</a> (no, I haven't read it, the thing is behind a paywall, how ironic.</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 4:17 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/tweaking_the_wackos_part_ii.php#comments">0 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/tweaking_the_wackos_part_ii.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">January 7, 2012</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181449"> <h2><a id="a181449" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php">Top Science Scandals of 2011?</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/climate_communication/">climate communication</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/06/wegman_paper_pulled_for_plagia.php"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2749/5726837708_6873821f21_o.jpg" align="right"></a> There is a post of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://the-scientist.com/2011/12/19/top-science-scandals-of-2011/">Top Science Scandals of 2011</a> at The Scientist (h/t: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.fight-entropy.com/2012/01/weekend-links.html">FE</a>). It all seemed a bit life-sciency, but then that's what the mag is about, so fair enough.</p> <p>Not much climate there, but number 5 is <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://the-scientist.com/2011/06/06/controversial-climate-study-retracted/">Wegman's shameless plagiarism</a> (not forgetting, of course, that Wegman's real problem is that his work and analysis is wrong, not that it was copied).</p> <p>But the amusing bit is the long long comments thread, which immeadiately derails into the usual nonsense that happens when you let the deniers in. Ah well, so it goes. Who needs paid advocates when you have useful idiots?</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 1:34 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#comments">11 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/top_science_scandals_of_2011.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">January 5, 2012</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181407"> <h2><a id="a181407" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php">On the Limits of Expert Credibility: Theory and an Application to Climate Change?</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/climate_communication/">climate communication</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/jesse.shapiro/research/crowdout.pdf">On the Limits of Expert Credibility:Theory and an Application to Climate Change</a> (h/t <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.fight-entropy.com/2012/01/limits-of-expert-credibility.html">FE</a>) is an interesting paper. I'm not sure I believe it, but it is interesting (particularly so after reading <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/ricardo.htm">Krugman</a> on why people don't understand [[<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparative_advantage">Comparative advantage</a>]]; h/t <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2012/01/05/rick-santorums-pushing-at-an-open-door-on-manufacturing/">Timmy</a>).</p> <p>The "Conclusions" section is a bit odd. Having spent the paper trying to demonstrate that interested parties will try to buy off the messenger, i.e. the media, they then try to explain the media's non-accuracy by <i>Morris's (2001) model of political correctness</i> instead of their own results. I don't understand that.</p> <p>The abstract is better, and explains their model and conclusions:</p> <blockquote>A neutral expert sends an informative message to an uninformed voter. An interested party can pay a cost to replace the expert's message with its own. The more informed is the expert, the greater is the interested party's incentive to replace the expert's message. In equilibrium, making the expert more informed has no effect on the voter's beliefs and strictly reduces social welfare. The model thus implies an endogenous limit on how credible a purported expert can be. I apply the model to public skepticism about climate change.</blockquote> <p>This is of course a model; but it helps explore something I've thought about a bit, which is "how to get the general public to understand GW". The problem, of course, is that whilst *I* know who are experts and whom to trust and distrust, Joe Public doesn't really know, and cannot evaluate the science for himself. So they try to model this: the expert can send a message, but interested parties can pay to replace that message (which simplifies the real world, where the voter gets both messages, but hey this is but a model).</p> <p>One of the assumptions of the model is only stated in the conclusions, and then only implicitly:</p> <blockquote>I show that because voters cannot separate true experts from credentialed advocates, public opinion cannot, in general, converge to expert opinion in the presence of motivated, interested parties.</blockquote> <p>The assumption that voters can't separate is necessary, but may not be true. In fact I think it is quite likely false: people make a semi-conscious decision to believe dubious sources because it suits them (again, shades of Krugman). Further, the model has become so idealised that I can't tell how large the costs to the interested parties are, and what they might be compared to in the real world. Also, as they show (section 3.2, case ii) if the costs are "too high" then the interested parties don't bother pay and the voter gets the expert opinion.</p> <p><i>making the expert more informed has no effect on the voter's beliefs and strictly reduces social welfare</i> is I think dubious. What they mean is, that under certain of their assumptions, voter opinion isn't affected by increasing expert credibility. But the "interested parties" need to spend more buying off the message. They interpret this as a loss of social welfare. But actually it represents a transfer of wealth from a "Bad" party (one trying to buy off the true message must be Bad, I think we can agree) to a neutral one (those apparently-credentialled experts. We might call them Bad too, because they are lying-for-hire, but assuming they don't believe it and are only doing what they are paid for (otherwise, they wouldn't need to be paid, no?) they are less-Bad than those who are paying for the lying. So contrary to the papers stated result, I think that increasing expert credibility increases social welfare (again, shades of Krugman; do read him, please).</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 3:23 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php#comments">12 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/on_the_limits_of_expert_credib.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">January 4, 2012</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181384"> <h2><a id="a181384" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/weather_and_climate_again.php">Weather and Climate (again)</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/climate_science/">climate science</a></p> <p>Oh no: another post consisting of nothing but a video:</p> <p><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439if_/http://www.youtube.com/embed/e0vj-0imOLw" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p> <p>and links to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2008/01/confusing_weather_and_climate.php">old posts</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVXmMMSo47s&feature=related">songs</a>.</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 2:08 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/weather_and_climate_again.php#comments">8 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/01/weather_and_climate_again.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">December 23, 2011</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181249"> <h2><a id="a181249" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/happy_christmas.php">Happy Christmas</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/misc/">misc</a></p> <p><object width="560" height="315"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/yCV3QWUL1jI?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439oe_/http://www.youtube.com/v/yCV3QWUL1jI?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="560" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p> <p>And probably my all-time favourite, though this version isn't quite right:</p> <p><object width="420" height="315"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/rqMBIG7sBwc?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439oe_/http://www.youtube.com/v/rqMBIG7sBwc?version=3&hl=en_GB&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="420" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 11:22 AM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/happy_christmas.php#comments">3 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/happy_christmas.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>   <div class="entry" id="entry-181245"> <h2><a id="a181245" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/watching_the_euro.php">Watching the Euro</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/econmics/">economics</a></p> <p>There is a fascinating article from <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://brontecapital.blogspot.com/2011/12/future-joseph-jett-traders-get.html">Bronte Captial</a> about the Euro Fix.</p> <p>The story so far, if you've forgotten: the ECB can't be a lender-of-last-resort to governments, because it isn't allowed to (from memory, the Krauts say No). But in a transparent fix, it is allowed to lend to banks, if those banks put up suitable collateral. And it has said, lo, government debt, that is good collateral. And so <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d6ddd0ae-2bbd-11e1-98bc-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1hLncBpy6">500 bn</a> has been loaned.</p> <p>Why, as a bank, would you want to buy shonky govt debt? Because dodgy Italian debt yields 6% or so at the moment, and lord knows what the Greek stuff provides. But the ECB loans are at 1%. With the difference yielding 5% pure profit risk-free (ahem), hooray. The downside, of course, is the long-term capital risk.</p> <p>The Bronte article is speculating on the likely conflicts between the banks' traders - who can presumably see the short-time huge bonuses coming out of the short-term profits, all sanctioned by the Euro-governments desperation to get the banks to buy the debt - against the Risk Dept., who probably don't want to touch it with a bargepole.</p> <h3>Refs</h3> <p>* <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/britain_and_europe.php">Britain and Europe</a><br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/10/it_has_to_get_worse_before_it.php">It has to get worse before it can get better</a><br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/11/greek_pm_drops_trousers.php">Greek PM drops trousers</a><br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2011/12/20/eurozone-its-working-the-carry-trade-is-working-euro-saved/">Eurozone: It's Working, the Carry Trade is Working, Euro Saved!</a></p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 4:56 AM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/watching_the_euro.php#comments">14 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/watching_the_euro.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">December 22, 2011</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181233"> <h2><a id="a181233" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/solat_panels.php">Solar panels</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/climate_fuels/">climate fuels</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/belette/6443625769/" title="DSC_8807 by wmconnolley, on Flickr"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7007/6443625769_c469b873a1.jpg" width="500" height="335" alt="DSC_8807"></a></p> <p>We've finally got round to having solar PV panels installed. As you can see form the picture above.</p> <p>The price of solar has been coming down, but still it isn't economically viable without subsidy for us. However, the subsidy makes it clearly economically beneficial (to us) so combined with a guess that the ecological payback, which is far less clear, might be acceptable too, we went ahead. What finally tipped us into doing something was (a) the government announcing the end of the fat subsidy regime (of which more anon) and (b) a local group organising an installation firm for the village.</p> <h3>Economics</h3> <p>Let's talk about the economics first. In the UK, this is all about the subsidy regime which is currently <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/eligible/levels/">£0.433 / kWh</a> for solar PV retrofitted, for an installation less than 4 kW. That compares with a cost of electricity from the mains per kWh (inc VAT) of ~£0.25-0.12 (depending on supplier, tier, phase of the moon, whatever). But since our energy needs are vastly less than our installed 3.5 kW, and we're usually out during the day, most of the time we won't be saving that money, instead we'll be feeding stuff back into the grid. And I don't really know what we get paid for that - casual conversation said £0.02/kWh, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.greenenergynet.com/article/feed-tariff-1">this</a> says... its complicated. I can't even remember if we did the 50:50 "deeming" deal spoken about there.</p> <p>With all that, the payback time was put to us as being about 9 years. Since it cost ~£10k, that implies generating about £1k/year of power, which certainly exceeds our current bill. Given that price depends so heavily on the subsidy, these calculations only apply to the UK. We scrambled to get our installation in place before December 12th, when the subsidy was due to ~halve, but <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-16291768">Solar tariff cut plan ruled legally flawed</a> says that maybe that won't be the cut-off date. It will be soon, though. Which is probably correct: the price is currently set too high, and its a cash cow for people with the installation.</p> <h3>Our system</h3> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/belette/6556055739/" title="DSC_8955-sunny-beam by wmconnolley, on Flickr"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7172/6556055739_1257c695b3_m.jpg" width="161" height="240" alt="DSC_8955-sunny-beam" align="right"></a> We have <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.ags-it.com/doc/trader/trina-solar_TSM-PC05_EU.pdf">15 Trina panels</a> which are supposed to produce around 220-240 W each (so ~3.3 kW), a 3.5 kW inverter (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.schueco.com/web/uk/architekten/solarstrom_und_waerme/products/photovoltaics/inverter/schueco_string_inverters">Schuco</a>) in the loft, wires leading down the the electricity cupboard, several isolator switches, and a meter thingy which we need to read sometimes and send in, in order to get our subsidy. Note that to get the good subsidy, you need a system < 4 kW, but we'd have struggled to get more panels on our (fairly small) roof. We were originally going to have 16, and a 4 kW inverter, but apparently the 4 kW ones are in short supply.</p> <p>Most excitingly, we have a "sunny beam" Bluetooth power meter, which talks to the inverter in the loft, and draws pretty graphs of your power generated and £'s saved. Miranda in particular loves it, and consults it every day. She did want to take it away with her on a recent visit elsewhere, but we explained that Bluetooth doesn't have a range of 100 km.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://brontecapital.blogspot.com/2011/11/trina-solar-updates-guidance-part-2.html">Bronte Captial</a> (that isn't his best post on Trina, search around, you'll find the rest) isn't too impressed with Trina as an investment - indeed, he thinks that all panel makers are due to get squeezed. But that doesn't affect me as a buyer.</p> <h3>The ecologics</h3> <p>Well, I dunno really. I'm assuming that, since it has to be subsidised, the total unsubsidised economic value must be negative. And therefore, using economics as a proxy for ecologics, the ecological value must be negative too? That is less clear; after all, we don't cost externalities into our electricity costs.</p> <h3>Refs</h3> <p>* <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://upbeat-energy.com/Home.html">Upbeat energy</a> were the people who did us, and others in the village. They seemed quite competent and got the job done.<br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://cotonvillage.co.uk/2011/07/26/ecoton-pv-bulk-purchase-information-pack/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+cotonvillage+%28cotonvillage.co.uk%29">The eCoton posting</a> with links to some (probably now obsolete) information.<br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/belette/sets/72157627979005935/">Misc pics of the installation</a>; <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/belette/6556055739/in/set-72157628306966429/">more</a>.<br/> * <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2011/12/22/bp-finally-exists-solar-power-business-excellent-news/">BP exits solar</a> says Timmy. Shades of Bronte.</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 4:10 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/solat_panels.php#comments">21 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/solat_panels.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">December 18, 2011</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181143"> <h2><a id="a181143" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/the_stoat_in_winter.php">The stoat in winter</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/misc/">misc</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/belette/6532766105/" title="wiliiam-from-miriams-galaxy-s2-2011-12-18 17.57.43 by wmconnolley, on Flickr"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6532766105_4a454c8377.jpg" width="375" height="500" alt="wiliiam-from-miriams-galaxy-s2-2011-12-18 17.57.43" align="right"></a> I don't think I've troubled you with a picture of me for a while, so here is one I particularly like, taken with Miriam's Galaxy S2 (rush out and buy one now, its got our GPS in it, which is apparently far better than the competition).</p> <p>If you look closely at my right thigh (and who would not wish to do so?) you'll see the graze I got on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://connect.garmin.com/player/135125627">today's run</a> at the point where I fell over an electric fence that I hadn't noticed was there. Fortunately the 'lectric itself was off. That was in the middle of the mad wiggly bit where I got totally lost trying to find my way back to the Thames, having got myself onto the wrong bank.</p> <p>although I'm wearing a beer festival tee-shirt, I'm drinking port. Port by the fire of a winter's afternoon is very pleasant.</p> <p>The camera isn't quite perfect - lens distortion has done something a bit weird to my head.</p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 2:05 PM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/the_stoat_in_winter.php#comments">6 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/the_stoat_in_winter.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <p class="date">December 14, 2011</p> <div class="entry" id="entry-181072"> <h2><a id="a181072" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/pony_-_something_that_the.php">Common software engineering terms</a></h2> <p class="categories">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/misc/">misc</a></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://theclimatescum.blogspot.com/2011/11/more-climategate-20-arrogance-of-team.html"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Codex_Gigas_devil.jpg/200px-Codex_Gigas_devil.jpg" align="right"></a> Pony - something that the customer wants, and which might even make sense, but isn't going to get done within your timescales. Might get done later.<br/> Unicorn - Like a pony, but doesn't actually make sense, so will never be done.<br/> Zombiecorn - Like a unicorn, but it won't die, no matter how often you prove that it won't work.</p> <p>But that is a very short post, so in no clear order:</p> <blockquote>Nitpicking others' arguments is not the same thing as "critical thinking." That involves nitpicking your own arguments.</blockquote> <p>from <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/https://bbickmore.wordpress.com/2011/12/05/bickmores-laws-updates/">Bickmore's Laws updates</a>.</p> <p>Timmy is amusing on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2011/12/14/the-great-norwegian-butter-famine/">The Great Norwegian Butter Famine</a>. I'm not going to mention Durban, because <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2007/01/boondoggling.php">it was a complete waste of time, as I said some time ago</a>. Instead, I want <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/06/carbon_tax_now_1.php">Carbon tax Now!</a> If you want to read someone more positive, try <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://blogs.shell.com/climatechange/2011/12/durban/">David Hone</a>. </p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://esorekim.blogspot.com/2011/12/not-exactly-home-sweet-home.html">Mike Rose</a> is having fun in Antarctica. The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://esorekim.blogspot.com/2011/12/more-from-novo.html">two Norwegians heading off into the wilds in search of butter</a> look lonely.</p> <h3>Refs</h3> <p>* <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.flickr.com/photos/girliemac/sets/72157628409467125/with/6509400929/">Http status cats</a></p> <p class="entryMeta">Posted by <a href="">William M. Connolley</a> at 7:04 AM • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/pony_-_something_that_the.php#comments">3 Comments</a> • <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2011/12/pony_-_something_that_the.php#trackback">0 TrackBacks</a></p> </div>  <div class="pagination"> <span class="previous"><a href="index.php?page=2">Previous</a></span> <span class="next">Next</span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="rightCol"> <div id="rightColInner"> <div id="greenCol"> <h2><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/">ScienceBlogs</a></h2> <h3>Search ScienceBlogs:</h3> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.google.com/cse" id="searchbox_017254414699180528062:uyrcvn__yd0" class="searchbox"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="017254414699180528062:uyrcvn__yd0"/> <input type="text" name="q" class="text"/> <input type="image" src="/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/-/img/button_search.gif" value="search" alt="search" name="sa"/> </form> <h3>Go to:</h3> <p class="dropdown"><select onchange="location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value + '?utm_source=bloglist&utm_medium=dropdown';"> <option>Choose a blog...</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/worldsciencefestival/">2010 World Science Festival Blog</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/illconsidered/">A Few Things Ill Considered</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/aardvarchaeology/">Aardvarchaeology</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/aetiology/">Aetiology</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/art_of_science_learning/">Art of Science Learning</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/bioephemera/">bioephemera</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com.br/brazillion/">Brazillion Thoughts</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/brookhaven/">Brookhaven Bits & Bytes</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/builtonfacts/">Built on Facts</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/casaubonsbook/">Casaubon's Book</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/classm/">Class M</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/commonknowledge/">Common Knowledge</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/confessions/">Confessions of a Science Librarian</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/corpuscallosum/">The Corpus Callosum</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/deanscorner/">Dean's Corner</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/">Deltoid</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/denialism/">denialism blog</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/developingintelligence/">Developing Intelligence</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/digitalbio/">Discovering Biology in a Digital World</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/dispatches/">Dispatches from the Culture Wars</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/drugmonkey/">DrugMonkey</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/catdynamics/">Dynamics of Cats</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/erv/">erv</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/evolution/">Evolution for Everyone</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/evolutionblog/">EvolutionBlog</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/">Greg Laden's Blog</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/guiltyplanet/">Guilty Planet</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/SETI/">Life at the SETI Institute</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/lifelines/">Life Lines</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/mikethemadbiologist/">Mike the Mad Biologist</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/neurophilosophy/">Neurophilosophy</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/neurotopia/">Neurotopia</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/observations/">Observations of a Nerd</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/omnibrain/">Omni Brain</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/isisthescientist/">On Becoming a Domestic and Laboratory Goddess</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/oscillator/">Oscillator</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/seed/">Page 3.14</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/">Pharyngula</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/photosynthesis/">Photo Synthesis</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/thepumphandle/">The Pump Handle</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/">Respectful Insolence</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/scienceisculture/">Science is Culture</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/bookclub/">The ScienceBlogs Book Club</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/sb/">ScienceBlogs HQ</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/sciencepunk/">SciencePunk</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/scientificactivist/">The Scientific Activist</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/thescian/">The Scientific Indian</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/">Starts With A Bang</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/">Stoat</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/">Tetrapod Zoology</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/thoughtfulanimal/">The Thoughtful Animal</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/tfk/">Thoughts from Kansas</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/tomorrowstable/">Tomorrow's Table</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/principles/">Uncertain Principles</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/universe/">Universe</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/usasciencefestival/">USA Science and Engineering Festival: The Blog</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/webeasties/">We Beasties</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/weizmann/">The Weizmann Wave</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/worldsfair/">The World's Fair</option> <option value="http://scienceblogs.com/zooillogix/">Zooillogix</option> </select></p> <div id="sliders"> <h3 id="channelsLink">Channels</h3> <ul id="channelsList" class="topList"> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/24-hours/">Last 24 Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/life-science/">Life Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/physical-science/">Physical Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/environment/">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/humanities/">Humanities & Social Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/education/">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/politics/">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/medicine/">Medicine & Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/brain-and-behavior/">Brain & Behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/technology/">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/information-science/">Information Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/jobs/">Jobs</a></li> </ul> <h3 id="rssLink">RSS Feeds</h3> <ul id="rssList" class="topList"> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/sample/editors-feed.xml">ScienceBlogs Select</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/sample/combined.xml">The Combined Feed</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/sample/peer-review.xml">Peer Review on Sb</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/sample/sb-news.xml">News-Related Posts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/rss.php">All Feeds</a></li> </ul> <h3 id="moreLink">More ScienceBlogs</h3> <ul id="moreList" class="topList"> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://twitter.com/scienceblogs/"><span class="new">New!</span> Sb on Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/email.php">Email Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/newsletter/subscribe.php">Weekly Newsletter</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/shop/">The ScienceBlogs Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/comments/">The Latest Comments</a></li> </ul> </div>  <div style="margin:0; text-align:center;"> <iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439if_/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/likebox.php?id=256321580087&width=160&connections=3&stream=false&header=false&width=190&height=200&border=false" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border:none; overflow:hidden; width:190px; height:200px;" allowtransparency="true"></iframe>  </div> <div class="skyscraper"> Advertisement <div class="adHolder">   <script language="JavaScript1.1"> var bust; if (typeof bust == 'undefined') { bust = Math.floor(1000000*Math.random()); } if ((!document.images && navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0) || navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV")>= 0) { document.write('<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord='+bust+'" border="0" height="600" width="160"></a>'); } else { document.write('<scr' + 'ipt language="JavaScript1.1" SRC="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/adj/ng.scienceblogs/misc;dcopt=;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord='+bust+'">'); document.write('<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord='+bust+'" border="0" height="600" width="160"></a>'); document.write('</scr' + 'ipt>'); } </script> <noscript> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://ad.doubleclick.net/jump/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord=20021017123955"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://ad.doubleclick.net/ad/ng.scienceblogs/misc;sz=160x600;tile=3;ord=20021017123955" border="0" height="600" width="160"></a> </noscript>  </div> </div> <div class="listHolder"> <h3 class="big">Top Five Most Active</h3> <ol id="mostActiveList"> <li><b>1</b><a rel="nofollow" class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/01/whooping_cough_returns_in_michigan.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Whooping cough returns in Michigan</a> <p class="blogTitle"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/01/whooping_cough_returns_in_michigan.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Orac</a> 01.16.2012</p> </li> <li><b>2</b><a rel="nofollow" class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/evolutionblog/2012/01/ids_demise_revisited.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">ID's Demise, Revisited</a> <p class="blogTitle"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/evolutionblog/2012/01/ids_demise_revisited.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Jason Rosenhouse</a> 01.02.2012</p> </li> <li><b>3</b><a rel="nofollow" class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/01/andrew_wakefield_great_science_fraud.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Andrew Wakefield: Recognized as the Great Science Fraud that he is</a> <p class="blogTitle"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2012/01/andrew_wakefield_great_science_fraud.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Orac</a> 01.14.2012</p> </li> <li><b>4</b><a rel="nofollow" class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/2012/01/january_2012_open_thread.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">January 2012 Open Thread</a> <p class="blogTitle"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/2012/01/january_2012_open_thread.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Tim Lambert</a> 01.02.2012</p> </li> <li><b>5</b><a rel="nofollow" class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2012/01/national_center_for_science_ed.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">National Center for Science Education Announces Climate Change Initiative!!!!</a> <p class="blogTitle"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2012/01/national_center_for_science_ed.php?utm_source=mostactive&utm_medium=link">Greg Laden</a> 01.16.2012</p> </li> </ol></div>  <div class="adHolder" style="width: 160px; margin: 0 0 24px 14px;"> <iframe width="160" height="500" style="border:0;overflow:hidden;" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439if_/http://researchblogging.org/widget-request/posts?key=3msu4pf2gqg"></iframe></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 24px; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://twitter.com/scienceblogs"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/promos/Blogpage_Unit1_twitter.gif" alt="Follow ScienceBlogs on Twitter"/></a> </div> <div class="listHolder" style="display: none;"> <h3 class="big">Science News from <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://nytimes.com/science/">NYTimes.com »</a></h3> <div id="nytimesBlock"> <h3>From NYTimes.com</h3> <p id="top">Latest science stories | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://nytimes.com/science/">More at nytimes.com<img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/img/icon_arrow_org-right.gif" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -3px; margin-left: 4px;"/></a></p> <ol id="nytimesList"> <li><b>1</b><a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=680aad2428ffc4fa381f1eb44625939f">‘Open Science’ Challenges Journal Tradition With Web Collaboration</a> <p class="blogTitle"></p></li> <li><b>2</b><a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=265216a62b0e861caf21ec5710f9e2b7">Findings: Countering Climate Change Without Waiting for a Payoff</a> <p class="blogTitle"></p></li> <li><b>3</b><a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=80f44a57dd55c21c5613211e15e743ca">Books on Science: Scott’s South Pole Times: Penguins, Hockey and Serious Stuff Too</a> <p class="blogTitle"></p></li> <li><b>4</b><a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=1b6b61b08a80224a8c54295daca9cb68">For Bio-Hackers, Lab Work Often Begins at Home</a> <p class="blogTitle"></p></li> <li><b>5</b><a class="title" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=af4cd0df56b611ae343d6a5fe936bba8">Yeast Reveals How Fast a Cell Can Form a Body</a> <p class="blogTitle"></p></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 24px; text-align: center;"> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439js_/http://www.kqzyfj.com/placeholder-4798562?target=_blank&mouseover=Y"></script> </div>   </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footerBlock"> <div class="inner"> <p class="blogLinks"><a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/theblogs.php">The Blog Index</a> | <a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/about.php">About ScienceBlogs</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/mailto:advertising@scienceblogs.com?subject=Advertising%20with%20ScienceBlogs%20inquiry">Advertise with ScienceBlogs</a> | <a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/main/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/main/terms/">Terms & Conditions</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/main/code/">Code of Conduct</a> | <a href="/web/20120117035439/http://scienceblogs.com/channel/about.php#contact">Contact Us</a></p> <p>© 2006-2011 ScienceBlogs LLC. ScienceBlogs is a registered trademark of ScienceBlogs LLC. All rights reserved.</p>  <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://seedmediagroup.com/" class="smgLink"></a> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/https://ssl." : "https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-163469-3"); pageTracker._initData(); pageTracker._trackPageview(); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439js_/http://edge.quantserve.com/quant.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> _qacct="p-99371ybtcwVuI";quantserve();</script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-99371ybtcwVuI.gif" style="display: none" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/></noscript>  <input type="hidden" name="OBKey" value="8kVDobuc8+AAEjPuKp2edA=="/> <script language="JavaScript">var OBCTm=1248980629434; </script><script language="JavaScript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439js_/http://widgets.outbrain.com/claim.js"> </script>  <script> document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js' %3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script> COMSCORE.beacon({ c1:2, c2:3005368, c3:"", c4:"", c5:"", c6:"", c15:"" }); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117035439im_/http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=3005368&c3=&c4=&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj=1"/> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript"> document.write('<s'+'cript language="JavaSc'+'ript" src="' + document.location.protocol + '//web.archive.org/web/20120117035439/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/stats/ax/nielsen.js"></s'+'cript>'); </script>  </body> </html>