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schedule</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: production schedule"> <meta name="keywords" content="production schedule"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="production schedule"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7858</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: production schedule</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7648</span> A Comparison of the Environmental Impacts of Edible and Non-Edible Oil Crops in Biodiesel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halit%20Tutar">Halit Tutar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Eren"> Omer Eren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguz%20Parlakay"> Oguz Parlakay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for food and energy of mankind has been increasing every passing day. Renewable energy sources have been pushed to forefront since fossil fuels will be run out in the near future and their negative effects to the environment. As in every sector, the transport sector benefits from biofuel (biogas, bioethanol and biodiesel) one of the renewable energy sources as well. The edible oil crops are used in production of biodiesel. Utilizing edible oil crops as renewable energy source may raise a debate in the view of that there is a shortage in raw material of edible oil crops in Turkey. Researches related to utilization of non-edible oil crops as biodiesel raw materials have been recently increased, and especially studies related to their vegetative production and adaptation have been accelerated in Europe. In this review edible oil crops are compared to non-edible oil crops for biodiesel production in the sense of biodiesel production, some features of non-edible oil crops and their harmful emissions to environment are introduced. The data used in this study, obtained from articles, thesis, reports relevant to edible and non edible oil crops in biodiesel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edible%20oil%20crops" title=" edible oil crops"> edible oil crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title=" environmental impacts"> environmental impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66235/a-comparison-of-the-environmental-impacts-of-edible-and-non-edible-oil-crops-in-biodiesel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7647</span> Evaluation of Critical Rate in Mature Oil Field with Dynamic Oil Rim Fluid Contacts in the Niger Delta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanley%20Ibuchukwu%20Onwukwe">Stanley Ibuchukwu Onwukwe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most reservoir in mature oil fields are vulnerable to challenges of water and/or gas coning as the size of their oil column reduces due to long period of oil production. These often result to low oil production and excessive water and/or gas production. Since over 50 years of oil production in the Niger delta, it is apparent that most of the oil fields in the region have reached their mature stages, thereby susceptible to coning tendencies. As a result of these, a good number of wells have been shut-in and abandoned, with significant amount of oil left unproduced. Analysis of the movement of fluid contacts in the reservoir is a significant aspect of reservoir studies and can assist in the management of coning tendencies and production performance of reservoirs in a mature field. This study, therefore, seeks to evaluate the occurrence of coning through the movement of fluid contacts (GOC and OWC) and determine the critical rate for controlling coning tendencies in mature oil field. This study applies the principle of Nodal analysis to calibrate the thin oil column of a reservoir of a mature field, and was graphically evaluated using the Joshi’s equation of critical rate for gas-oil system and oil-water system respectively. A representative Proxy equation was developed and sensitivity analysis carried out to determine the trend of critical rate as the oil column is been depleted. The result shows the trend in the movement of the GOC and OWC, and the critical rate, beyond which will result in excessive water and gas production, resulting to decreasing oil production from the reservoir. This result of this study can be used as a first pass assessment in the development of mature oil field reservoirs anticipated to experience water and/or gas coning during production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coning" title="coning">coning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20contact%20movement" title=" fluid contact movement"> fluid contact movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mature%20oil%20field" title=" mature oil field"> mature oil field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20production" title=" oil production"> oil production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90505/evaluation-of-critical-rate-in-mature-oil-field-with-dynamic-oil-rim-fluid-contacts-in-the-niger-delta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7646</span> The Effect of Magnetite Particle Size on Methane Production by Fresh and Degassed Anaerobic Sludge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Al-Essa">E. Al-Essa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bello-Mendoza"> R. Bello-Mendoza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20G.%20Wareham"> D. G. Wareham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anaerobic batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of magnetite-supplementation (7 mM) on methane production from digested sludge undergoing two different microbial growth phases, namely fresh sludge (exponential growth phase) and degassed sludge (endogenous decay phase). Three different particle sizes were assessed: small (50 - 150 nm), medium (168 – 490 nm) and large (800 nm - 4.5 µm) particles. Results show that, in the case of the fresh sludge, magnetite significantly enhanced the methane production rate (up to 32%) and reduced the lag phase (by 15% - 41%) as compared to the control, regardless of the particle size used. However, the cumulative methane produced at the end of the incubation was comparable in all treatment and control bottles. In the case of the degassed sludge, only the medium-sized magnetite particles increased significantly the methane production rate (12% higher) as compared to the control. Small and large particles had little effect on the methane production rate but did result in an extended lag phase which led to significantly lower cumulative methane production at the end of the incubation period. These results suggest that magnetite produces a clear and positive effect on methane production only when an active and balanced microbial community is present in the anaerobic digester. It is concluded that, (i) the effect of magnetite particle size on increasing the methane production rate and reducing lag phase duration is strongly influenced by the initial metabolic state of the microbial consortium, and (ii) the particle size would positively affect the methane production if it is provided within the nanometer size range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20oxide" title=" iron oxide"> iron oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanogenesis" title=" methanogenesis"> methanogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109452/the-effect-of-magnetite-particle-size-on-methane-production-by-fresh-and-degassed-anaerobic-sludge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7645</span> Fuzzy Climate Control System for Hydroponic Green Forage Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Germ%C3%A1n%20D%C3%ADaz%20Fl%C3%B3rez">Germán Díaz Flórez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Alberto%20Olvera%20Olvera"> Carlos Alberto Olvera Olvera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Domingo%20Jos%C3%A9%20G%C3%B3mez%20Mel%C3%A9ndez"> Domingo José Gómez Meléndez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Eneldo%20L%C3%B3pez%20Monteagudo"> Francisco Eneldo López Monteagudo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent decades, population growth has exerted great pressure on natural resources. Two of the most scarce and difficult to obtain resources, arable land, and water, are closely interrelated, to the satisfaction of the demand for food production. In Mexico, the agricultural sector uses more than 70% of water consumption. Therefore, maximize the efficiency of current production systems is inescapable. It is essential to utilize techniques and tools that will enable us to the significant savings of water, labor and fertilizer. In this study, we present a production module of hydroponic green forage (HGF), which is a viable alternative in the production of livestock feed in the semi-arid and arid zones. The equipment in addition to having a forage production module, has a climate and irrigation control system that operated with photovoltaics. The climate control, irrigation and power management is based on fuzzy control techniques. The fuzzy control provides an accurate method in the design of controllers for nonlinear dynamic physical phenomena such as temperature and humidity, besides other as lighting level, aeration and irrigation control using heuristic information. In this working, firstly refers to the production of the hydroponic green forage, suitable weather conditions and fertigation subsequently presents the design of the production module and the design of the controller. A simulation of the behavior of the production module and the end results of actual operation of the equipment are presented, demonstrating its easy design, flexibility, robustness and low cost that represents this equipment in the primary sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title="fuzzy">fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20control%20system" title=" climate control system"> climate control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponic%20green%20forage" title=" hydroponic green forage"> hydroponic green forage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forage%20production%20module" title=" forage production module"> forage production module</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32666/fuzzy-climate-control-system-for-hydroponic-green-forage-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7644</span> Production Plan and Technological Variants Optimization by Goal Programming Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunjo%20Peri%C4%87">Tunjo Perić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franjo%20Brati%C4%87"> Franjo Bratić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the goal programming methodology for solving multiple objective problem of the technological variants and production plan optimization has been applied. The optimization criteria are determined and the multiple objective linear programming model for solving a problem of the technological variants and production plan optimization is formed and solved. Then the obtained results are analysed. The obtained results point out to the possibility of efficient application of the goal programming methodology in solving the problem of the technological variants and production plan optimization. The paper points out on the advantages of the application of the goal programming methodolohy compare to the Surrogat Worth Trade-off method in solving this problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goal%20programming" title="goal programming">goal programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20objective%20programming" title=" multi objective programming"> multi objective programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20plan" title=" production plan"> production plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWT%20method" title=" SWT method"> SWT method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20variants" title=" technological variants"> technological variants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31123/production-plan-and-technological-variants-optimization-by-goal-programming-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7643</span> Effect of Multi-Stage Fractured Patterns on Production Improvement of Horizontal Wells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Shirbazo">Armin Shirbazo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Vahab"> Mohammad Vahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Lamei%20Ramandi"> Hamed Lamei Ramandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Fahimpour"> Jalal Fahimpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most effective ways for increasing production in wells that are faced with problems such as pressure depletion and low rate is hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is creating a high permeable path through the reservoir and simulated area around the wellbore. This is very important for low permeability reservoirs, which their production is uneconomical. In this study, the influence of the fracturing pattern in multi-stage fractured horizontal wells is analyzed for a tight, heavy oil reservoir to explore the impact of fracturing patterns on improving oil recovery. The horizontal well has five transverse fractures with the same fracture length, width, height, and conductivity properties. The fracture patterns are divided into four distinct shapes: uniform shape, diamond shape, U shape, and W shape. The results show that different fracturing patterns produce various cumulative production after ten years, and the best pattern can be selected based on the most cumulative production. The result also illustrates that optimum design in fracturing can boost the production up to 3% through the permeability distribution around the wellbore and reservoir. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-stage%20fracturing" title="multi-stage fracturing">multi-stage fracturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20well" title=" horizontal well"> horizontal well</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20patterns" title=" fracture patterns"> fracture patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20length" title=" fracture length"> fracture length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20of%20stages" title=" number of stages"> number of stages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141227/effect-of-multi-stage-fractured-patterns-on-production-improvement-of-horizontal-wells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7642</span> Optimal Production Planning in Aromatic Coconuts Supply Chain Based on Mixed-Integer Linear Programming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaimongkol%20Limpianchob">Chaimongkol Limpianchob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work addresses the problem of production planning that arises in the production of aromatic coconuts from Samudsakhorn province in Thailand. The planning involves the forwarding of aromatic coconuts from the harvest areas to the factory, which is classified into two groups; self-owned areas and contracted areas, the decisions of aromatic coconuts flow in the plant, and addressing a question of which warehouse will be in use. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model within supply chain management framework. The objective function seeks to minimize the total cost including the harvesting, labor and inventory costs. Constraints on the system include the production activities in the company and demand requirements. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of coconuts supply chain model compared with base case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aromatic%20coconut" title="aromatic coconut">aromatic coconut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title=" production planning"> production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-integer%20linear%20programming" title=" mixed-integer linear programming"> mixed-integer linear programming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6619/optimal-production-planning-in-aromatic-coconuts-supply-chain-based-on-mixed-integer-linear-programming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7641</span> Process Integration of Natural Gas Hydrate Production by CH₄-CO₂/H₂ Replacement Coupling Steam Methane Reforming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengying%20Wang">Mengying Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohui%20Wang"> Xiaohui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun%20Deng"> Chun Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bei%20Liu"> Bei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changyu%20Sun"> Changyu Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangjin%20Chen"> Guangjin Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20El-Halwagi"> Mahmoud El-Halwagi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant amounts of natural gas hydrates (NGHs) are considered potential new sustainable energy resources in the future. However, common used methods for methane gas recovery from hydrate sediments require high investment but with low gas production efficiency, and may cause potential environment and security problems. Therefore, there is a need for effective gas production from hydrates. The natural gas hydrate production method by CO₂/H₂ replacement coupling steam methane reforming can improve the replacement effect and reduce the cost of gas separation. This paper develops a simulation model of the gas production process integrated with steam reforming and membrane separation. The process parameters (i.e., reactor temperature, pressure, H₂O/CH₄ ratio) and the composition of CO₂ and H₂ in the feed gas are analyzed. Energy analysis is also conducted. Two design scenarios with different composition of CO₂ and H₂ in the feed gas are proposed and evaluated to assess the energy efficiency of the novel system. Results show that when the composition of CO₂ in the feed gas is between 43 % and 72 %, there is a certain composition that can meet the requirement that the flow rate of recycled gas is equal to that of feed gas, so as to ensure that the subsequent production process does not need to add feed gas or discharge recycled gas. The energy efficiency of the CO₂ in feed gas at 43 % and 72 % is greater than 1, and the energy efficiency is relatively higher when the CO₂ mole fraction in feed gas is 72 %. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gas%20production" title="Gas production">Gas production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrate" title=" hydrate"> hydrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20integration" title=" process integration"> process integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102169/process-integration-of-natural-gas-hydrate-production-by-ch4-co2h2-replacement-coupling-steam-methane-reforming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7640</span> Recent Climate Variability and Crop Production in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arragaw%20Alemayehu">Arragaw Alemayehu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woldeamlak%20Bewket"> Woldeamlak Bewket</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to understand the influence of current climate variability on crop production in the central highlands of Ethiopia. We used monthly rainfall and temperature data from 132 points each representing a pixel of 10×10 km. The data are reconstructions based on station records and meteorological satellite observations. Production data of the five major crops in the area were collected from the Central Statistical Agency for the period 2004-2013 and for the main cropping season, locally known as Meher. The production data are at the Enumeration Area (EA ) level and hence the best available dataset on crop production. The results show statistically significant decreasing trends in March–May (Belg) rainfall in the area. However, June – September (Kiremt) rainfall showed increasing trends in Efratana Gidim and Menz Gera Meder which the latter is statistically significant. Annual rainfall also showed positive trends in the area except Basona Werana where significant negative trends were observed. On the other hand, maximum and minimum temperatures showed warming trends in the study area. Correlation results have shown that crop production and area of cultivation have positive correlation with rainfall, and negative with temperature. When the trends in crop production are investigated, most crops showed negative trends and below average production was observed. Regression results have shown that rainfall was the most important determinant of crop production in the area. It is concluded that current climate variability has a significant influence on crop production in the area and any unfavorable change in the local climate in the future will have serious implications for household level food security. Efforts to adapt to the ongoing climate change should begin from tackling the current climate variability and take a climate risk management approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20highlands" title="central highlands">central highlands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20variability" title=" climate variability"> climate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20production" title=" crop production"> crop production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend" title=" trend"> trend</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41419/recent-climate-variability-and-crop-production-in-the-central-highlands-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7639</span> Optimizing Cellulase Production from Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) Following a Solid State Fermentation (SSF) by Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jwan%20J.%20Abdullah">Jwan J. Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greetham%20Darren"> Greetham Darren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gregory%20A"> Gregory A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tucker"> Tucker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chenyu%20Du"> Chenyu Du </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is an alternative to liquid fermentations for the production of commercially important products such as antibiotics, single cell proteins, enzymes, organic acids, or biofuels from lignocellulosic material. This paper describes the optimisation of SSF on municipal solid waste (MSW) for the production of cellulase enzyme. Production of cellulase enzymes was optimised by Trichoderma reesei or Aspergillus niger for temperature, moisture content, inoculation, and period of incubation. Also, presence of minerals, and alternative carbon and nitrogen sources. Optimisation revealed that production of cellulolytic enzymes was optimal when using Trichoderma spp at 30°C with an incubation period of 168 hours with a 60% moisture content. Crude enzymes produced from MSW, by Trichoderma were evaluated for the saccharification of MSW and compared with activity of a commercially available enzyme, results demonstrated that MSW can be used as inexpensive lignocellulosic material for the production of cellulase enzymes using Trichoderma reesei. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSF" title="SSF">SSF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme%20hydrolysis" title=" enzyme hydrolysis"> enzyme hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste%20%28MSW%29" title=" municipal solid waste (MSW)"> municipal solid waste (MSW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimizing%20conditions" title=" optimizing conditions"> optimizing conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme%20hydrolysis" title=" enzyme hydrolysis "> enzyme hydrolysis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26580/optimizing-cellulase-production-from-municipal-solid-wastes-msw-following-a-solid-state-fermentation-ssf-by-trichoderma-reesei-and-aspergillus-niger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7638</span> Availability of Safety Measures and Knowledge Towards Hazardous Waste Management among Workers in Scientific Laboratories of Two Universities in Lebanon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inaam%20Nasrallah">Inaam Nasrallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascale%20Salameh"> Pascale Salameh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20El-Outa"> Abbas El-Outa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assem%20Alkak"> Assem Alkak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rihab%20Nasr"> Rihab Nasr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%20Toufic%20Bawab"> Wafa Toufic Bawab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hazardous Waste Management(HWM). is critical to human health outcomes and environmental protection. This study evaluated the knowledge regarding safety measures to be applied when collecting and storing waste in scientific laboratories of two universities in Lebanon.Method: A survey-based observational study was conducted in scientific laboratories of the public university and that of a private university, where a total of 309 participants were recruited.Result: The mean total knowledge score on safety measures of HWM was 9.02±4.34 (maximum attainable score, 13). Significant association (p<0.05) was found between knowledge score and job function, years of experience, educational level, professional status, work schedule, and training on proper HWM. Participants had adequate perceptions regarding the impact of HWM on health and the environment. Linear regression modeling revealed that knowledge score was significantly higher among bachelor level lab workers compared to those with doctoral degrees (p=0.043), full-time schedule workers versus part-timers (p=0.03), and among public university participants as compared to those of the private university (p<0.001).Conclusion: This study showed good knowledge concerning HWM in the scientific laboratoriesof the studied universities in Lebanon and a good awareness of the HWM on health and the environment. It highlights the importance of culture, attitude, and practice on proper HWM in the academic scientific laboratory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hasardous%20waste" title="hasardous waste">hasardous waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20measures" title=" safety measures"> safety measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knwoledge%20score" title=" knwoledge score"> knwoledge score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientific%20laboratory%20workers" title=" scientific laboratory workers"> scientific laboratory workers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142018/availability-of-safety-measures-and-knowledge-towards-hazardous-waste-management-among-workers-in-scientific-laboratories-of-two-universities-in-lebanon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7637</span> Using the SMT Solver to Minimize the Latency and to Optimize the Number of Cores in an NoC-DSP Architectures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Amari">Imen Amari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaouther%20%20Gasmi"> Kaouther Gasmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Rebaya"> Asma Rebaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Hasnaoui"> Salem Hasnaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of scheduling and mapping data flow applications on multi-core architectures is notoriously difficult. This difficulty is related to the rapid evaluation of Telecommunication and multimedia systems accompanied by a rapid increase of user requirements in terms of latency, execution time, consumption, energy, etc. Having an optimal scheduling on multi-cores DSP (Digital signal Processors) platforms is a challenging task. In this context, we present a novel technic and algorithm in order to find a valid schedule that optimizes the key performance metrics particularly the Latency. Our contribution is based on Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solving technologies which is strongly driven by the industrial applications and needs. This paper, describe a scheduling module integrated in our proposed Workflow which is advised to be a successful approach for programming the applications based on NoC-DSP platforms. This workflow transform automatically a Simulink model to a synchronous dataflow (SDF) model. The automatic transformation followed by SMT solver scheduling aim to minimize the final latency and other software/hardware metrics in terms of an optimal schedule. Also, finding the optimal numbers of cores to be used. In fact, our proposed workflow taking as entry point a Simulink file (.mdl or .slx) derived from embedded Matlab functions. We use an approach which is based on the synchronous and hierarchical behavior of both Simulink and SDF. Whence, results of running the scheduler which exist in the Workflow mentioned above using our proposed SMT solver algorithm refinements produce the best possible scheduling in terms of latency and numbers of cores. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-cores%20DSP" title="multi-cores DSP">multi-cores DSP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scheduling" title=" scheduling"> scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMT%20solver" title=" SMT solver"> SMT solver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workflow" title=" workflow"> workflow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67632/using-the-smt-solver-to-minimize-the-latency-and-to-optimize-the-number-of-cores-in-an-noc-dsp-architectures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7636</span> Modeling of Hydrogen Production by Inductively Coupled Methane Plasma for Input Power Pin=700W</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelatif%20Gadoum">Abdelatif Gadoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djilali%20Benyoucef"> Djilali Benyoucef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloudj%20Hadj"> Mouloudj Hadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alla%20Eddine%20Toubal%20Maamar"> Alla Eddine Toubal Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Habib%20Allah%20%20Lahoual"> Mohamed Habib Allah Lahoual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen occurs naturally in the form of chemical compounds, most often in water and hydrocarbons. The main objective of this study is 2D modeling of hydrogen production in inductively coupled plasma in methane at low pressure. In the present model, we include the motions and the collisions of both neutral and charged particles by considering 19 species (i.e in total ; neutrals, radicals, ions, and electrons), and more than 120 reactions (electron impact with methane, neutral-neutral, neutral-ions and surface reactions). The results show that the rate conversion of methane reach 90% and the hydrogen production is about 30%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20production" title="hydrogen production">hydrogen production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inductively%20coupled%20plasma" title=" inductively coupled plasma"> inductively coupled plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20model" title=" fluid model"> fluid model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20plasma" title=" methane plasma"> methane plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123259/modeling-of-hydrogen-production-by-inductively-coupled-methane-plasma-for-input-power-pin700w" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7635</span> Increasing Participation of KUD (Rural Unit Cooperative) Through 'Kemal Propuri' System to Independence Farmers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikrima%20Zaleda%20Zia">Ikrima Zaleda Zia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devi%20Fitri%20Kumalasari"> Devi Fitri Kumalasari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosita%20Khusna"> Rosita Khusna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Hidayati"> Farah Hidayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilham%20Fajrul%20Haq"> Ilham Fajrul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Yusuf%20Efendi"> Amin Yusuf Efendi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fertilizer is one of the production factors that are important to agriculture. Fertilizers contribution to the agricultural sector improvement is quite high. Fertilizers scarcity on the society are giving effect to agricultural sector, that is decreasing farmers production. Through a system called Kemal Propuri, society will be taught how to be independent, especially in terms of supplying the fertilizer and how to earn extra income besides of relying on the agriculture production. This research aims to determine implementation measures of Kemal Propuri in realizing farmers independence. This research was designed to use descriptive research with a qualitative approach. In this case, writers are trying to make an illustration of the increasing role of KUD (rural unit cooperative) through Kemal Propuri system (Independence System Through Individual Fertilizer Production) towards farmer independence. It can be concluded that Kemal Propuri system can contribute in order to achieve farmers independence. Independence fertilizer production will overcome farmers dependence of the subsidized fertilizer from the government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kemal%20Propuri" title="Kemal Propuri">Kemal Propuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KUD%20%28Rural%20Unit%20Cooperative%29" title=" KUD (Rural Unit Cooperative)"> KUD (Rural Unit Cooperative)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independence%20farmers" title=" independence farmers"> independence farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer%20production" title=" fertilizer production"> fertilizer production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54169/increasing-participation-of-kud-rural-unit-cooperative-through-kemal-propuri-system-to-independence-farmers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7634</span> Create a Model of Production and Marketing Strategies in Alignment with Business Strategy Using QFD Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Saremi">Hamed Saremi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahla%20Saremi"> Shahla Saremi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today's competitive world, organizations are expected to surpass the competitors and benefit from the resources and benefits. Therefore, organizations need to improve the current performance is felt more than ever that this requires to identify organizational optimal strategies, and consider all strategies simultaneously. In this study, to enhance competitive advantage and according to customer requirements, alignment between business, production and marketing strategies, House of Quality (QFD) approach has been used and zero-one linear programming model has been studied. First, the alignment between production and marketing strategies with business strategy, independent weights of these strategies is calculated. Then with using QFD approach the aligned weights of optimal strategies in each production and marketing field will be obtained and finally the aligned marketing strategies selection with the purpose of allocating budget and specialist human resource to marketing functions will be done that lead to increasing competitive advantage and benefit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20strategy" title="marketing strategy">marketing strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20strategy" title=" business strategy"> business strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20alignment" title=" strategy alignment"> strategy alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house%20of%20quality%20deployment" title=" house of quality deployment"> house of quality deployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20strategy" title=" production strategy"> production strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30246/create-a-model-of-production-and-marketing-strategies-in-alignment-with-business-strategy-using-qfd-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7633</span> Production of Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by a Thermophilic Strain of Bacillus and Pseudomonas Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patience%20Orobosa%20Olajide">Patience Orobosa Olajide</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Five hydrocarbon degrading bacterial strains isolated from contaminated environment were investigated with respect to polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis. Screening for bioplastic production was done on assay mineral salts agar medium containing 0.2% poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) as the sole carbon source. Two of the test bacteria were positive for PHB biosynthesis and were identified based on gram staining, biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus licheniformis which grew at 37 and up to 65 °C respectively, thus suggesting the later to be thermotolerant. In this study, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on PHB production in these strains were investigated. Maximum PHB production was obtained in 48 hr for the two strains and amounted to yields of 72.86 and 62.22 percentages for Bacillus licheniformis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. In these strains, glycine was the most efficient carbon sources for the production of PHB compared with other carbon (glucose, lactose, sucrose, Arabinose) and nitrogen (L- glycine, L-cysteine, DL-Tryptophan, and Potassium Nitrate) sources. The screening of microbial strains for industrial PHB production should be based on several factors including the cell’s capability to mineralize an inexpensive substrate, rate of growth and the extent of polymer accumulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly-3-hydroxybutyrate%20%28PHB%29" title=" poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)"> poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon" title=" hydrocarbon"> hydrocarbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermotolerant" title=" thermotolerant"> thermotolerant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57001/production-of-poly-v-hydroxybutyrate-phb-by-a-thermophilic-strain-of-bacillus-and-pseudomonas-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7632</span> Extension Services Impact On Stingless Bee Production And Profitability In Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Aliyu%20Isaha">Ibrahim Aliyu Isaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Mansor%20Ismailb"> Mohd Mansor Ismailb </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salim%20Hassanc"> Salim Hassanc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norsida%20Bint%20Man"> Norsida Bint Man</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Global and National income derive from a stingless beekeeping project is a new source of wealth to Malaysia. A common stingless bee species, Trigona itama, potential production through effective utilization of highly competent agents of extension services will lead to higher output that guaranteed maximum income. The study covers a sample beekeepers in ten states and it was designed to examine various impacts of extension services as variables in enhancing sustainable stingless beekeeping production. In addition, the study also determined the profitability of stingless beekeeping production through technology transfer and human resource development. Correlation and Regression analyses were used on a sample size of 87 stingless beekeepers representing 72% of filled questionnaires. The cost-benefit analysis showed participants received lucrative monthly income of more than rm3500. The results indicated positive outcome from extension services that increased production, and hence, generated better additional income to participants. In summary, it is possible for the extension services to increase output of stingless beekeeping through technology transfer <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extension%20services" title="extension services">extension services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malaysia" title=" malaysia"> malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability" title=" profitability"> profitability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stingless%20bee" title=" stingless bee"> stingless bee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigona%20itama%20production" title=" trigona itama production"> trigona itama production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174517/extension-services-impact-on-stingless-bee-production-and-profitability-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7631</span> Assessment of E-learning Facilities and Information Need by Open and Distance Learning Students in Jalingo, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20Bashir">R. M. Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabo%20Elizabeth"> Sabo Elizabeth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electronic learning is an increasingly popular learning approach in higher educational institutions due to vast growth of internet technology. An investigation on the assessment of e-learning facilities and information need by open and distance learning students in Jalingo, Nigeria was conducted. Structured questionnaires were administered to 70 students of the university. Information sourced from the respondents covered demographic, economic and institutional variables. Data collected for demographic variables were computed as frequency count and percentages. Information on assessment of e-learning facilities and information need among open and distance learning students was computed on a three or four point Likert Rating Scale. Findings indicated that there are more men compared to women, a large proportion of the respondents are married and there are more matured students. A high proportion of the students obtained qualifications higher than the secondary school certificate. The proportion of computer literate students was higher compared with those students that owned a computer. Inadequate e-books and reference materials, internet gadgets and inadequate books (hard copies) and reference material are factors that limit utilization of e-learning facilities. Inadequate computer facilities caused delay in examination schedule at the study center. Open and distance learning students required to a high extent information on university timetable and schedule of activities, books (hard and e-books) and reference materials and contact with course coordinators via internet for better learning and academic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20and%20distance%20learning" title="open and distance learning">open and distance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20required" title=" information required"> information required</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20books" title=" electronic books"> electronic books</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20gadgets" title=" internet gadgets"> internet gadgets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Likert%20scale%20test" title=" Likert scale test"> Likert scale test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5786/assessment-of-e-learning-facilities-and-information-need-by-open-and-distance-learning-students-in-jalingo-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5786.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7630</span> Improvement of the Reliability and the Availability of a Production System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhoua%20Najeh">Lakhoua Najeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aims of the work: The aim of this paper is to improve the reliability and the availability of a Packer production line of cigarettes based on two methods: The SADT method (Structured Analysis Design Technique) and the FMECA approach (Failure Mode Effects and Critically Analysis). The first method enables us to describe the functionality of the Packer production line of cigarettes and the second method enables us to establish an FMECA analysis. Methods: The methodology adopted in order to contribute to the improvement of the reliability and the availability of a Packer production line of cigarettes has been proposed in this paper, and it is based on the use of Structured Analysis Design Technique (SADT) and Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) methods. This methodology consists of using a diagnosis of the existing of all of the equipment of a production line of a factory in order to determine the most critical machine. In fact, we use, on the one hand, a functional analysis based on the SADT method of the production line and on the other hand, a diagnosis and classification of mechanical and electrical failures of the line production by their criticality analysis based on the FMECA approach. Results: Based on the methodology adopted in this paper, the results are the creation and the launch of a preventive maintenance plan. They contain the different elements of a Packer production line of cigarettes; the list of the intervention preventive activities and their period of realization. Conclusion: The diagnosis of the existing state helped us to found that the machine of cigarettes used in the Packer production line of cigarettes is the most critical machine in the factory. Then this enables us in the one hand, to describe the functionality of the production line of cigarettes by SADT method and on the other hand, to study the FMECA machine in order to improve the availability and the performance of this machine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20system" title="production system">production system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SADT%20method" title=" SADT method"> SADT method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMECA%20method" title=" FMECA method"> FMECA method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95046/improvement-of-the-reliability-and-the-availability-of-a-production-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7629</span> Model of Production and Marketing Strategies in Alignment with Business Strategy using QFD Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Saremi">Hamed Saremi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suzan%20Taghavy"> Suzan Taghavy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahla%20Saremi"> Shahla Saremi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today's competitive world, organizations are expected to surpass the competitors and benefit from the resources and benefits. Therefore, organizations need to improve the current performance is felt more than ever that this requires to identify organizational optimal strategies, and consider all strategies simultaneously. In this study, to enhance competitive advantage and according to customer requirements, alignment between business, production and marketing strategies, House of Quality (QFD) approach has been used and zero-one linear programming model has been studied. First, the alignment between production and marketing strategies with business strategy, independent weights of these strategies is calculated. Then with using QFD approach the aligned weights of optimal strategies in each production and marketing field will be obtained and finally the aligned marketing strategies selection with the purpose of allocating budget and specialist human resource to marketing functions will be done that lead to increasing competitive advantage and benefit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20alignment" title="strategy alignment">strategy alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house%20of%20quality%20deployment" title=" house of quality deployment"> house of quality deployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20strategy" title=" production strategy"> production strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20strategy" title=" marketing strategy"> marketing strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20strategy" title=" business strategy"> business strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30239/model-of-production-and-marketing-strategies-in-alignment-with-business-strategy-using-qfd-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7628</span> Life Cycle-Based Analysis of Meat Production: Ecosystem Impacts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Zeyuan%20Ma">Michelle Zeyuan Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hermann%20Heilmeier"> Hermann Heilmeier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, meat production ecosystem impacts initiated many hot discussions and researchers, and it is a difficult implementation to reduce such impacts due to the demand of meat products. It calls for better management and control of ecosystem impacts from every aspects of meat production. This article analyzes the ecosystem impacts of meat production based on meat products life cycle. The analysis shows that considerable ecosystem impacts are caused by different meat production steps: initial establishment phase, animal raising, slaughterhouse processing, meat consumption, and wastes management. Based on this analysis, the impacts are summarized as: leading factor for biodiversity loss; water waste, land use waste and land degradation; greenhouse gases emissions; pollution to air, water, and soil; related major diseases. The article also provides a discussion on a solution-sustainable food system, which could help in reducing ecosystem impacts. The analysis method is based on the life cycle level, it provides a concept of the whole meat industry ecosystem impacts, and the analysis result could be useful to manage or control meat production ecosystem impacts from investor, producer and consumer sides. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eutrophication" title="eutrophication">eutrophication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20based%20analysis" title=" life cycle based analysis"> life cycle based analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20food" title=" sustainable food"> sustainable food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91199/life-cycle-based-analysis-of-meat-production-ecosystem-impacts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7627</span> Failure of Cable Reel Flat Spring of Crane: Beyond Fatigue Life Use</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urbi%20Pal">Urbi Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyas%20Palit"> Piyas Palit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Mathur"> Jitendra Mathur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhay%20Chaturvedi"> Abhay Chaturvedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandip%20Bhattacharya"> Sandip Bhattacharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hot rolled slab lifting crane cable reel drum (CRD) failed due to failure of cable reel flat spring which are inside the cassette of CRD. CRD is used for the movement of tong cable. Stereoscopic observation revealed beach marks and Scanning Electron Microscopy showed striations confirming fatigue mode of failure. Chemical composition should be spring steel (Cr-Mo-V) as per IS 3431:1982 instead of C-Mn steel. To find out the reason of fatigue failure, the theoretical fatigue life of flat spiral spring has been calculated. The calculation of number of fatigue cycles included bending moment, maximum stress on the spring, ultimate tensile strength and alternative stress. The bending moment determination has been taken account with various parameters like Young’s Modulus, width, thickness, outer diameter, arbor diameter, pay out the length and angular deflection in rotations. With all the required data, the calculated fatigue life turned to be 10000 cycles, but the spring served 15000 cycles which clearly indicated beyond fatigue life usage. Different UTS values have been plotted with respect to the number of fatigue cycles and clearly showed that the increase in UTS by 40% increases fatigue life by 50%. The significance of higher UTS lied here, and higher UTS depends on modified chemistry with proper tempered martensite microstructure. This kind of failure can be easily avoided by changing the crane spring maintenance schedule from 2 years to 1.5 years considering 600 cycles per month. The plant has changed changing the schedule of cable reel spring and procured new flat reel spring made of 50CrV2 steel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cable%20reel%20spring" title="cable reel spring">cable reel spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20life" title=" fatigue life"> fatigue life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spring%20steel" title=" spring steel"> spring steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108278/failure-of-cable-reel-flat-spring-of-crane-beyond-fatigue-life-use" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7626</span> Testing a Flexible Manufacturing System Facility Production Capacity through Discrete Event Simulation: Automotive Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justyna%20Rybicka">Justyna Rybicka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashutosh%20Tiwari"> Ashutosh Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shane%20Enticott"> Shane Enticott</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the age of automation and computation aiding manufacturing, it is clear that manufacturing systems have become more complex than ever before. Although technological advances provide the capability to gain more value with fewer resources, sometimes utilisation of the manufacturing capabilities available to organisations is difficult to achieve. Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) provide a unique capability to manufacturing organisations where there is a need for product range diversification by providing line efficiency through production flexibility. This is very valuable in trend driven production set-ups or niche volume production requirements. Although FMS provides flexible and efficient facilities, its optimal set-up is key in achieving production performance. As many variables are interlinked due to the flexibility provided by the FMS, analytical calculations are not always sufficient to predict the FMS’ performance. Simulation modelling is capable of capturing the complexity and constraints associated with FMS. This paper demonstrates how discrete event simulation (DES) can address complexity in an FMS to optimise the production line performance. A case study of an automotive FMS is presented. The DES model demonstrates different configuration options depending on prioritising objectives: utilisation and throughput. Additionally, this paper provides insight into understanding the impact of system set-up constraints on the FMS performance and demonstrates the exploration into the optimal production set-up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20event%20simulation" title="discrete event simulation">discrete event simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20manufacturing%20system" title=" flexible manufacturing system"> flexible manufacturing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20performance" title=" capacity performance"> capacity performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive" title=" automotive"> automotive</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43018/testing-a-flexible-manufacturing-system-facility-production-capacity-through-discrete-event-simulation-automotive-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7625</span> Five Years Analysis and Mitigation Plans on Adjustment Orders Impacts on Projects in Kuwait's Oil and Gas Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawan%20K.%20Al-Duaij">Rawan K. Al-Duaij</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20A.%20Al-Salem"> Salem A. Al-Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Projects, the unique and temporary process of achieving a set of requirements have always been challenging; Planning the schedule and budget, managing the resources and risks are mostly driven by a similar past experience or the technical consultations of experts in the matter. With that complexity of Projects in Scope, Time, and execution environment, Adjustment Orders are tools to reflect changes to the original project parameters after Contract signature. Adjustment Orders are the official/legal amendments to the terms and conditions of a live Contract. Reasons for issuing Adjustment Orders arise from changes in Contract scope, technical requirement and specification resulting in scope addition, deletion, or alteration. It can be as well a combination of most of these parameters resulting in an increase or decrease in time and/or cost. Most business leaders (handling projects in the interest of the owner) refrain from using Adjustment Orders considering their main objectives of staying within budget and on schedule. Success in managing the changes results in uninterrupted execution and agreed project costs as well as schedule. Nevertheless, this is not always practically achievable. In this paper, a detailed study through utilizing Industrial Engineering & Systems Management tools such as Six Sigma, Data Analysis, and Quality Control were implemented on the organization’s five years records of the issued Adjustment Orders in order to investigate their prevalence, and time and cost impact. The analysis outcome revealed and helped to identify and categorize the predominant causations with the highest impacts, which were considered most in recommending the corrective measures to reach the objective of minimizing the Adjustment Orders impacts. Data analysis demonstrated no specific trend in the AO frequency in past five years; however, time impact is more than the cost impact. Although Adjustment Orders might never be avoidable; this analysis offers’ some insight to the procedural gaps, and where it is highly impacting the organization. Possible solutions are concluded such as improving project handling team’s coordination and communication, utilizing a blanket service contract, and modifying the projects gate system procedures to minimize the possibility of having similar struggles in future. Projects in the Oil and Gas sector are always evolving and demand a certain amount of flexibility to sustain the goals of the field. As it will be demonstrated, the uncertainty of project parameters, in adequate project definition, operational constraints and stringent procedures are main factors resulting in the need for Adjustment Orders and accordingly the recommendation will be to address that challenge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment%20orders" title="adjustment orders">adjustment orders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20analysis" title=" data analysis"> data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20sector" title=" oil and gas sector"> oil and gas sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20management" title=" systems management"> systems management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99057/five-years-analysis-and-mitigation-plans-on-adjustment-orders-impacts-on-projects-in-kuwaits-oil-and-gas-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7624</span> Numerical Modeling of Artisanal and Small Scale Mining of Coltan in the African Great Lakes Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Perez%20Rodriguez">Sergio Perez Rodriguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coltan Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) production from Africa's Great Lakes region has previously been addressed at large scales, notably from regional to country levels. The current findings address the unresolved issue of a production model of ASM of coltan ore by an average Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) mineworker, which can be used as a reference for a similar characterization of the daily labor of counterparts from other countries in the region. To that end, the Fundamental Equation of Mineral Production has been applied, considering a miner's average daily output of coltan, estimated in the base of gross statistical data gathered from reputable sources. Results indicate daily yields of individual miners in the order of 300 g of coltan ore, with hourly peaks of production in the range of 30 to 40 g of the mineral. Yields are expected to be in the order of 5 g or less during the least productive hours. These outputs are expected to be achieved during the halves of the eight to ten hours of daily working sessions that these artisanal laborers can attend during the mining season. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coltan" title="coltan">coltan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral%20production" title=" mineral production"> mineral production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20to%20reserve%20ratio" title=" production to reserve ratio"> production to reserve ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artisanal%20mining" title=" artisanal mining"> artisanal mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small-scale%20mining" title=" small-scale mining"> small-scale mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASM" title=" ASM"> ASM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20work" title=" human work"> human work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Great%20Lakes%20region" title=" Great Lakes region"> Great Lakes region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Democratic%20Republic%20of%20Congo" title=" Democratic Republic of Congo"> Democratic Republic of Congo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160490/numerical-modeling-of-artisanal-and-small-scale-mining-of-coltan-in-the-african-great-lakes-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7623</span> Subsea Processing: Deepwater Operation and Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Imtiaz">Md Imtiaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanchita%20Dei"> Sanchita Dei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shubham%20Damke"> Shubham Damke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, there has been a rapidly accelerating shift from traditional surface processing operations to subsea processing operation. This shift has been driven by a number of factors including the depletion of shallow fields around the world, technological advances in subsea processing equipment, the need for production from marginal fields, and lower initial upfront investment costs compared to traditional production facilities. Moving production facilities to the seafloor offers a number of advantage, including a reduction in field development costs, increased production rates from subsea wells, reduction in the need for chemical injection, minimization of risks to worker ,reduction in spills due to hurricane damage, and increased in oil production by enabling production from marginal fields. Subsea processing consists of a range of technologies for separation, pumping, compression that enables production from offshore well without the need for surface facilities. At present, there are two primary technologies being used for subsea processing: subsea multiphase pumping and subsea separation. Multiphase pumping is the most basic subsea processing technology. Multiphase pumping involves the use of boosting system to transport the multiphase mixture through pipelines to floating production vessels. The separation system is combined with single phase pumps or water would be removed and either pumped to the surface, re-injected, or discharged to the sea. Subsea processing can allow for an entire topside facility to be decommissioned and the processed fluids to be tied back to a new, more distant, host. This type of application reduces costs and increased both overall facility and integrity and recoverable reserve. In future, full subsea processing could be possible, thereby eliminating the need for surface facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPSO" title="FPSO">FPSO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marginal%20field" title=" marginal field"> marginal field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subsea%20processing" title=" Subsea processing"> Subsea processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWAG" title=" SWAG"> SWAG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33428/subsea-processing-deepwater-operation-and-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7622</span> In vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Methanogenic Properties of Australian Native and Some Exotic Plants with a View of Their Potential Role in Management of Ruminant Livestock Emissions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Vercoe">Philip Vercoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Hardan"> Ali Hardan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Samples of 29 Australian wild natives and exotic plants were tested in vitro batch rumen culture system for their methanogenic characteristics and potential usage as feed or antimicrobial to enhance sustainable livestock ruminant production system. The plants were tested for their in vitro rumen fermentation end products properties which include: methane production, total gas pressure, concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, ammonia, and acetate to propionate ratio. All of the plants were produced less methane than the positive control (i.e., oaten chaff) in vitro. Nearly 50 % of plants inhibiting methane by over 50% in comparison to the control. Eremophila granitica had the strongest inhibitory effect about 92 % on methane production comparing with oaten chaff. The exotic weed Arctotheca calendula (Capeweed) had the highest concentration of volatile fatty acids production as well as the highest in total gas pressure among all plants and the control. Some of the acacia species have the lowest production of total gas pressure. The majority of the plants produced more ammonia than the oaten chaff control. The plant species that produced the most ammonia was Codonocarpus cotinifolius, producing over 3 times as much methane as oaten chaff control while the lowest was Eremophila galeata. There was strong positive correlation between methane production and total gas production as well as between total gas production and the concentration of VFA produced with R² = 0.74, R² = 0.84, respectively. While there was weak positive correlation between methane production and the acetate to propionate ratio as well as between the concentration of VFA produced and methane production with R² = 0.41, R² = 0.52, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20Rumen%20Fermentation" title="in vitro Rumen Fermentation">in vitro Rumen Fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wild%20Australian%20native%20plants" title=" wild Australian native plants"> wild Australian native plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forages" title=" forages"> forages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66384/in-vitro-evaluation-of-the-anti-methanogenic-properties-of-australian-native-and-some-exotic-plants-with-a-view-of-their-potential-role-in-management-of-ruminant-livestock-emissions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7621</span> Factors Affecting the Results of in vitro Gas Production Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Kahraman">O. Kahraman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Alatas"> M. S. Alatas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20B.%20Citil"> O. B. Citil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In determination of values of feeds which, are used in ruminant nutrition, different methods are used like in vivo, in vitro, in situ or in sacco. Generally, the most reliable results are taken from the in vivo studies. But because of the disadvantages like being hard, laborious and expensive, time consuming, being hard to keep the experiment conditions under control and too much samples are needed, the in vitro techniques are more preferred. The most widely used in vitro techniques are two-staged digestion technique and gas production technique. In vitro gas production technique is based on the measurement of the CO2 which is released as a result of microbial fermentation of the feeds. In this review, the factors affecting the results obtained from in vitro gas production technique (Hohenheim Feed Test) were discussed. Some factors must be taken into consideration when interpreting the findings obtained in these studies and also comparing the findings reported by different researchers for the same feeds. These factors were discussed in 3 groups: factors related to animal, factors related to feeds and factors related with differences in the application of method. These factors and their effects on the results were explained. Also it can be concluded that the use of in vitro gas production technique in feed evaluation routinely can be contributed to the comprehensive feed evaluation, but standardization is needed in this technique to attain more reliable results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20vitro" title="In vitro">In vitro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20production%20technique" title=" gas production technique"> gas production technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hohenheim%20feed%20test" title=" Hohenheim feed test"> Hohenheim feed test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardization" title=" standardization"> standardization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26010/factors-affecting-the-results-of-in-vitro-gas-production-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">599</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7620</span> Risk Assessment Results in Biogas Production from Agriculture Biomass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandija%20Zeverte-Rivza">Sandija Zeverte-Rivza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Pilvere"> Irina Pilvere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baiba%20Rivza"> Baiba Rivza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of renewable energy sources incl. biogas has become topical in accordance with the increasing demand for energy, decrease of fossil energy resources and the efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as to increase energy independence from the territories where fossil energy resources are available. As the technologies of biogas production from agricultural biomass develop, risk assessment and risk management become necessary for farms producing such a renewable energy. The need for risk assessments has become particularly topical when discussions on changing the biogas policy in the EU take place, which may influence the development of the sector in the future, as well as the operation of existing biogas facilities and their income level. The current article describes results of the risk assessment for farms producing biomass from agriculture biomass in Latvia, the risk assessment system included 24 risks, that affect the whole biogas production process and the obtained results showed the high significance of political and production risks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas%20production" title="biogas production">biogas production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risks" title=" risks"> risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosystems%20engineering" title=" biosystems engineering"> biosystems engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6649/risk-assessment-results-in-biogas-production-from-agriculture-biomass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7619</span> Resolution Method for Unforeseen Ground Condition Problem Case in Coal Fired Steam Power Plant Project Location Adipala, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andi%20Fallahi">Andi Fallahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bona%20Ryan%20Situmeang"> Bona Ryan Situmeang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Construction Industry is notoriously risky. Much of the preparatory paperwork that precedes construction project can be viewed as the formulation of risk allocation between the owner and the Contractor. The Owner is taking the risk that his project will not get built on the schedule that it will not get built for what he has budgeted and that it will not be of the quality he expected. The Contractor Face a multitude of risk. One of them is an unforeseen condition at the construction site. The Owner usually has the upper hand here if the unforeseen condition occurred. Site data contained in Ground Investigation report is often of significant contractual importance in disputes related to the unforeseen ground condition. A ground investigation can never fully disclose all the details of the underground condition (Risk of an unknown ground condition can never be 100% eliminated). Adipala Coal Fired Steam Power Plant (CSFPP) 1 x 660 project is one of the large CSFPP project in Indonesia based on Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) Contract. Unforeseen Ground Condition it’s responsible by the Contractor has stipulated in the clausal of Contract. In the implementation, there’s indicated unforeseen ground condition at Circulating Water Pump House (CWPH) area which caused the Contractor should be changed the Method of Work that give big impact against Time of Completion and Cost Project. This paper tries to analyze the best way for allocating the risk between The Owner and The Contractor. All parties that allocating of sharing risk fairly can ultimately save time and money for all parties, and get the job done on schedule for the least overall cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unforeseen%20ground%20condition" title="unforeseen ground condition">unforeseen ground condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20fired%20steam%20power%20plant" title=" coal fired steam power plant"> coal fired steam power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circulating%20water%20pump%20house" title=" circulating water pump house"> circulating water pump house</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34234/resolution-method-for-unforeseen-ground-condition-problem-case-in-coal-fired-steam-power-plant-project-location-adipala-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20schedule&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20schedule&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20schedule&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span 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