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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakaseomyces_glabratus" title="Nakaseomyces glabratus – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nakaseomyces glabratus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candida_glabrata" title="Candida glabrata – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Candida glabrata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q139137#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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p.bloc{background-color:Lavender}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.neutre .entete{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.neutre caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.neutre p.bloc{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.bacterie .entete,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.eucaryote .entete,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.procaryote .entete{background-color:lightgrey}.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.bacterie caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.bacterie p.bloc,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.eucaryote caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.eucaryote p.bloc,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.procaryote caption,.mw-parser-output .taxobox_v3.procaryote p.bloc{background-color:#e6e6e6}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 .taxobox_classification{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 .taxobox_classification .rnormal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3.zoologie .taxobox_classification .normal,.mw-parser-output div.taxobox_v3 th[scope="row"]{font-style:normal}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large taxobox_v3 champignon bordered" style="width:20em"> <div class="entete" style=""> <div><i>Candida glabrata</i></div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Glabrata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de l'image Glabrata.jpg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Glabrata.jpg/240px-Glabrata.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Glabrata.jpg/360px-Glabrata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Glabrata.jpg/480px-Glabrata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> </div><table class="taxobox_classification"><caption style=""><a href="/wiki/Classification_scientifique_des_esp%C3%A8ces" title="Classification scientifique des espèces">Classification</a></caption><tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologie)" title="Règne (biologie)">Règne</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Division_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Division (biologie)">Division</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Classe_(biologie)" title="Classe (biologie)">Classe</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Saccharomycetes" title="Saccharomycetes">Saccharomycetes</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Ordre_(biologie)" title="Ordre (biologie)">Ordre</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Saccharomycetales" title="Saccharomycetales">Saccharomycetales</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Famille_(biologie)" title="Famille (biologie)">Famille</a></th> <td> <span class="normal"><a href="/wiki/Saccharomycetaceae" title="Saccharomycetaceae">Saccharomycetaceae</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"><a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologie)" title="Genre (biologie)">Genre</a></th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Candida_(genre)" title="Candida (genre)">Candida</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p class="bloc"><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8ce" title="Espèce">Espèce</a></p><div class="center taxobox_classification"><b><span style="font-style: normal"><i>Candida glabrata</i></span></b><br /><span class="rnormal"><small><b>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvey_Warren_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvey Warren Anderson (page inexistante)">H. W. Anderson</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sally_A._Meyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sally A. Meyer (page inexistante)">S. A. Mey.</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Yarrow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Yarrow (page inexistante)">Yarrow</a> (1978)</b></small></span></div> </div> <p><i><b>Candida glabrata</b></i> est une espèce de <a href="/wiki/Levure" title="Levure">levures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haplo%C3%AFde" title="Haploïde">haploïde</a> du genre <i>Candida</i>, connue auparavant sous le nom de <i>Torulopsis glabrata</i>. Cette espèce de champignon ne présente pas de <a href="/wiki/Dimorphisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimorphisme">dimorphisme</a> et aucune activité de mating n'a été encore observée. <i>C. glabrata</i> n'était pas considéré comme pathogène. Toutefois, avec l'augmentation du nombre de patients immuno-déprimés (HIV positifs, transplantés, patients soumis à une chimiothérapie…), il s'est avéré que <i>C. glabrata</i> est un pathogène opportuniste du tractus urogénital. De plus, lorsque <i>C. glabrata</i> s'infiltre dans le flux sanguin, il peut y avoir le développement d'une <a href="/w/index.php?title=Candid%C3%A9mie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Candidémie (page inexistante)">candidémie</a>. </p><p>Deux facteurs de virulence ont été décrits chez <i>C. glabrata</i> : </p> <ul><li>le premier de ces facteurs est la famille d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adh%C3%A9sine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adhésine (page inexistante)">adhésines</a> codées par les gènes <i>EPA</i> (de l'<a href="/wiki/Anglais" title="Anglais">anglais</a> : <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i><b>ep</b>ithelial <b>a</b>dhesin</i></span>). Ces gènes sont localisés dans la région des <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9lom%C3%A8re" title="Télomère">télomères</a> et peuvent répondre massivement à une stimulation extérieures, de manière que le champignon puisse adhérer aux surfaces biotiques ou abiotiques<sup id="cite_ref-gabaldon2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gabaldon2013-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-ahmad2014_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahmad2014-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. On suppose que ce mécanisme est impliqué dans la formation de <a href="/wiki/Biofilm" title="Biofilm">biofilms</a> sur les <a href="/wiki/Cath%C3%A9ter" title="Cathéter">cathéters</a> et sur les prothèses dentaires ;</li> <li>le deuxième facteur de virulence rencontré chez <i>C. glabrata</i> est la mise en place de mécanismes de résistance aux <a href="/wiki/Azole" title="Azole">azoles</a><sup id="cite_ref-ahmad2014_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahmad2014-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-orta-zavalza2013_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orta-zavalza2013-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, qui sont les antifongiques (<a href="/wiki/Antimycosique" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimycosique">antimycosiques</a>) les plus souvent utilisés lors des thérapies. Des azoles tels que le <a href="/wiki/Fluconazole" title="Fluconazole">fluconazole</a> ou le <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9toconazole" title="Kétoconazole">kétoconazole</a> sont inefficaces dans 15 à 20 % des cas contre <i>C. glabrata</i>. Par contre, <i>C. glabrata</i> reste très sensible à l'action des <a href="/wiki/Poly%C3%A8nes" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyènes">polyènes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amphot%C3%A9ricine_B" title="Amphotéricine B">Amphotéricine B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nystatine" title="Nystatine">nystatine</a>) et des substances actives comme la <a href="/w/index.php?title=5-fluorocytosine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-fluorocytosine (page inexistante)">5-fluorocytosine</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Caspofungine" title="Caspofungine">caspofungine</a> présentent une efficacité variable.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candida_glabrata&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candida_glabrata&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gabaldon2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-gabaldon2013_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Gabaldón T, Martin T, Marcet-Houben M, Durrens P, Fairhead C <i><abbr class="abbr" title="et alii (« et d’autres »)" lang="la">et al.</abbr></i>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Comparative genomics of emerging pathogens in the <i>Candida glabrata</i> clade</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">BMC Genomics</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 14,‎ <time>2013</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 623. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24034898">24034898</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMCID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847288">PMC3847288</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-623">10.1186/1471-2164-14-623</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/14/623">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-html" title="Fichier au format Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)">[html]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Comparative+genomics+of+emerging+pathogens+in+the+%27%27Candida+glabrata%27%27+clade&rft.jtitle=BMC+Genomics&rft.issue=14&rft.date=2013&rft.pages=623.&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1471-2164-14-623&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24034898&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1471-2164%2F14%2F623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACandida+glabrata"></span></span><span class="plainlinks noprint" style="font-size:smaller"> <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Cite_pmid/24034898&action=edit&editintro=Modèle:Cite_pmid/editintro2">modifier</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahmad2014-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ahmad2014_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-ahmad2014_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Ahmad KM, Kokošar J, Guo X, Gu Z, Ishchuk OP, Piškur J, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Genome structure and dynamics of the yeast pathogen <i>Candida glabrata</i></cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">FEMS Yeast Res</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 14, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 4,‎ <time>2014</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 529-35. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24528571">24528571</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMCID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4320752">PMC4320752</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1567-1364.12145">10.1111/1567-1364.12145</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://femsyr.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/4/529.long">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-html" title="Fichier au format Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)">[html]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Genome+structure+and+dynamics+of+the+yeast+pathogen+%27%27Candida+glabrata%27%27&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Yeast+Res&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2014&rft.volume=14&rft.pages=529-35.&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1567-1364.12145&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24528571&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffemsyr.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcontent%2F14%2F4%2F529.long&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACandida+glabrata"></span></span><span class="plainlinks noprint" style="font-size:smaller"> <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Cite_pmid/24528571&action=edit&editintro=Modèle:Cite_pmid/editintro2">modifier</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-orta-zavalza2013-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-orta-zavalza2013_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Orta-Zavalza E, Guerrero-Serrano G, Gutiérrez-Escobedo G, Cañas-Villamar I, De Las Peñas A <i><abbr class="abbr" title="et alii (« et d’autres »)" lang="la">et al.</abbr></i>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Local silencing controls the oxidative stress response and the multidrug resistance in <i>Candida glabrata</i></cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Mol Microbiol</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 88, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 6,‎ <time>2013</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 1135-48. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23651300">23651300</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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