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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Attorney General of Georgia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Attorney_General_of_Georgia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Attorney General of Georgia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Attorney_General_of_Georgia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_code_duello" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_code_duello"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>The code duello</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_code_duello-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Congressman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congressman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> 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Crawford</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="جورج كراوفورد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جورج كراوفورد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88._%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="جورج دبلیو. کراوفورد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جورج دبلیو. کراوفورد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Walker_Crawford" title="George Walker Crawford – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="George Walker Crawford" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Crawford" title="George W. Crawford – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="George W. Crawford" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_W._%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="조지 W. 크로퍼드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조지 W. 크로퍼드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Walker_Crawford" title="George Walker Crawford – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="George Walker Crawford" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%27_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93" title="ג'ורג' קרופורד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ורג' קרופורד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="جورج كراوفورد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جورج كراوفورد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ジョージ・ウォーカー・クロウフォード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョージ・ウォーカー・クロウフォード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кроуфорд, Джордж Уокер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кроуфорд, Джордж Уокер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Crawford" title="George W. 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (1798–1872)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named George Crawford, see <a href="/wiki/George_Crawford_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="George Crawford (disambiguation)">George Crawford (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">George Crawford</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GeorgeWCrawford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GeorgeWCrawford.jpg/220px-GeorgeWCrawford.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GeorgeWCrawford.jpg/330px-GeorgeWCrawford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GeorgeWCrawford.jpg/440px-GeorgeWCrawford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1157" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">21st <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 8, 1849 – July 23, 1850</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Marcy" title="William L. Marcy">William L. Marcy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Charles Conrad</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">38th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 8, 1843 – November 3, 1847</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_McDonald" title="Charles James McDonald">Charles McDonald</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Towns" title="George W. Towns">George W. Towns</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>'s <span data-sort-value="GeorgiaAL !"><a href="/wiki/Georgia%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Georgia's at-large congressional district">at-large</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 7, 1843 – March 3, 1843</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Habersham" title="Richard W. Habersham">Richard W. Habersham</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_A._Haralson" title="Hugh A. Haralson">Hugh A. Haralson</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Georgia" title="Attorney General of Georgia">Attorney General of Georgia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1827–1831</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(Georgia)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Forsyth (Georgia)">John Forsyth</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_Rockingham_Gilmer" class="mw-redirect" title="George Rockingham Gilmer">George Gilmer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Thomas F. Wells</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Jenkins" title="Charles J. Jenkins">Charles J. Jenkins</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">George Walker Crawford</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1798-12-22</span>)</span>December 22, 1798<br /><a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Georgia" title="Columbia County, Georgia">Columbia County, Georgia</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 27, 1872<span style="display:none">(1872-07-27)</span> (aged 73)<br /><a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta, Georgia</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Summerville_Cemetery" title="Summerville Cemetery">Summerville Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Mary McIntosh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>George Walker Crawford</b> (December 22, 1798 – July 27, 1872) was a licensed <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">attorney</a> turned <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Georgia" title="Columbia County, Georgia">Columbia County, Georgia</a>. Crawford was appointed <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general" title="Attorney general">attorney general</a> for the state in 1827, by <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(Georgia)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Forsyth (Georgia)">John Forsyth</a>, serving in that capacity until 1831. Crawford also served five years in the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">General Assembly</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">lower house</a> as a representative of <a href="/wiki/Richmond_County,_Georgia" title="Richmond County, Georgia">Richmond County</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Party_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Party platform">platform</a> of <a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">states' rights</a>. </p><p>George Crawford served in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>, filling the seat vacated by <a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Habersham" title="Richard W. Habersham">Richard W. Habersham</a> who died while in office. Crawford was elected Georgia's 38th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Georgia">governor</a> – serving two terms from 1843 to 1847. He became the only <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a> candidate in state history to occupy the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Governor%27s_Mansion" title="Georgia Governor's Mansion">Governor's Mansion</a>. Crawford then served as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a> from 1849 to 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-congressbio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congressbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crawford's time in <a href="/wiki/US_President" class="mw-redirect" title="US President">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a> was marred by speculation regarding a <a href="/wiki/Probate" title="Probate">probate</a> <a href="/wiki/Land_claim" title="Land claim">claim</a> he settled for <a href="/wiki/George_Galphin" title="George Galphin">George Galphin</a>'s heirs. Crawford received a <a href="/wiki/Gratuity" title="Gratuity">gratuity</a> of substantial <a href="/wiki/Remuneration" title="Remuneration">remuneration</a> for his services' – Crawford's political adversaries framed it as the <a href="/wiki/Galphin_Affair" title="Galphin Affair">Galphin Affair</a> – marking the end of Crawford's political aspirations. When President Taylor unexpectedly died while in office, Crawford resigned his position as Secretary of War and entered political retirement. </p><p>In 1861, however, Crawford was elected a delegate from Richmond County to the state's <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly#Georgia_Secession_Convention" title="Georgia General Assembly">Secession Convention</a> which brought him out of retirement to answer the call of his <a href="/wiki/Constituent_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituent (politics)">constituents</a>. By the convention's first order of business, Crawford was elected Permanent President of the Convention by which he presided over Georgia's decision to secede from the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">Union</a> and join the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gapedia_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gapedia-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>George Walker Crawford was born on December 22, 1798, in <a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Georgia" title="Columbia County, Georgia">Columbia County, Georgia</a>. He was the fourth son of Peter and Mary Ann Crawford. His father was a <a href="/wiki/Veteran" title="Veteran">veteran</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> from <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> who had settled in Georgia to claim a land share, known as a bounty grant, which the state of Georgia had set aside for "those who had fought for independence".<sup id="cite_ref-peterc_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peterc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Peter_Crawford"></span>Peter Crawford acquired a sizable <a href="/wiki/Land_lot" title="Land lot">tract</a> of land that he called Belair Plantation. The <a href="/wiki/Homestead_Acts" title="Homestead Acts">homestead</a> was situated close to his <a href="/wiki/Uncle" title="Uncle">uncle</a>, Joel Crawford. Peter's uncle Joel fathered <a href="/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford">William H. Crawford</a>, soon becoming a <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> renowned locally for his political service to the state and for two <a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">presidential bids</a> – running in 1816, and then again in 1824.<sup id="cite_ref-ugagene_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugagene-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>George Crawford grew up on the family's estate, heavily influenced by his father, and his <a href="/wiki/Cousin" title="Cousin">cousin</a> William as well. George's father was a practicing <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">attorney</a> and George availed himself to the well-stocked personal library of his father while <a href="/wiki/Homeschooling" title="Homeschooling">homeschooling</a> his education. Peter Crawford also entered Georgia politics himself – beginning as Columbia County's first <i>clerk of courts</i> and becoming a 10-term representative in the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">state legislature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-peterc_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-peterc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George Crawford's cousin, William H. Crawford, was also becoming well known for his political service, and was the subject of local legend for two famous duels he had been a principal of.<sup id="cite_ref-wilduel_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wilduel-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>George Crawford built on his homeschooling at the <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University#College_of_New_Jersey" title="Princeton University">College of New Jersey</a>'s <a href="/wiki/School_of_law" class="mw-redirect" title="School of law">school of law</a> (later becoming <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>). Crawford graduated with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in 1820, and subsequently completed an <a href="/wiki/Internship" title="Internship">internship</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Tutelage" class="mw-redirect" title="Tutelage">tutelage</a> of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Wilde" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Henry Wilde">Richard Henry Wilde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crawford was licensed to practice law in 1822, and started a legal practice in <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta</a> partnering with <a href="/wiki/Henry_Harford_Cumming" title="Henry Harford Cumming">Henry H. Cumming</a>. He went on to obtain a <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">master's degree</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_College_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Franklin College of Arts and Sciences">Franklin College of Arts and Sciences</a>, the founding college of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a>. After graduating Franklin, Crawford served from 1824 to 1825, as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/10th_Georgia_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Georgia Regiment">10th Regiment</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Militia" title="Georgia Militia">Georgia Militia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gagovs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gagovs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1826, George Crawford married Mary Ann MacIntosh, having four children of the marriage: William Peter, Sarah MacIntosh, Anna Elizabeth, and Charles. George W. Crawford embarked on his political career the following year, accepting a <a href="/wiki/Gubernatorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Gubernatorial">gubernatorial</a> appointment to become Georgia's attorney general.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attorney_General_of_Georgia">Attorney General of Georgia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attorney General of Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">John Forsyth</a> appointed Crawford to succeed Thomas F. Wells as Georgia's <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general" title="Attorney general">attorney general</a> in 1827. The following year, Crawford challenged <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">Georgia state legislator</a> Thomas E. Burnside, <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Burnside" title="Ambrose Burnside">Ambrose Burnside</a>'s uncle,<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to a <a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">duel</a> over published <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamation</a> Burnside had written about Crawford's father. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_code_duello">The code duello</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The code duello"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When George Crawford read the anonymous <a href="/wiki/Letter_to_the_editor" title="Letter to the editor">letter to the editor</a> published in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Augusta_Chronicle" title="The Augusta Chronicle">The Augusta Chronicle</a></i> he was incensed by the prose – sharply criticizing the political views of his father, then declining in health. Crawford regarded it as an attack on his father's good name. Crawford demanded the newspaper editor give him the author's name but the editor refused, protecting Burnside's identity by telling Crawford the letter was from a woman, and that for this reason, he would not release the person's name.<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inexplicably, Burnside contacted Crawford telling him that he was the author. Crawford immediately challenged Burnside to a duel which Burnside accepted, although with reluctance.<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Code_duello" title="Code duello">code duello</a> was waning <a href="/wiki/Popularity#in_vogue" title="Popularity">in vogue</a> but it was still held as a measure which an honorable man was obliged to endure. Burnside was aspiring his own political career which showed promise of <a href="/wiki/Upward_mobility" class="mw-redirect" title="Upward mobility">upward mobility</a>. Burnside felt he would be shamed with dishonor if he refused, and in his era, without honor there was no career in politics.<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Dueling had already been outlawed in Georgia so the two <a href="/wiki/Belligerent" title="Belligerent">belligerents</a>, with their <a href="/wiki/Duel#second" title="Duel">seconds</a>, traveled together by train to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Mitchell,_Alabama" title="Fort Mitchell, Alabama">Fort Mitchell, Alabama</a> where the practice was still legal – to finish what by then had become a "well-publicized fight". Burnside seemed to have sensed the duel would not end in his favor, dispatching a letter to his wife on the eve of the fateful encounter:</p><blockquote><p><span style="float:right">Fort Mitchell, Jan. 24, 1828</span><br />Dear Wife and Mother:<br />    Tomorrow I fight. I do it on principle. Whatever may be my fate, I believe I am right. On this ground I have acted and will act. I believe I shall succeed, but if I do not I am prepared for consequences. Kiss the children and tell them that if I fall my last thought was of them. Yours most affectionately<span style="float:right">Thomas E. Burnside<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></p></blockquote><p><br /> </p><p>Crawford shot Burnside dead in the infamous duel, prompting the state to pass new legislation; "forbidding persons involved in duels from holding office".<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The restriction only applied to duels fought after the law was <a href="/wiki/Bill_(law)#Enactment" title="Bill (law)">enacted</a> and did not affect Crawford's career.<sup id="cite_ref-mcrc_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcrc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He continued serving as attorney general until 1831, when he was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Jenkins" title="Charles J. Jenkins">Charles J. Jenkins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gahist_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gahist-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thomas E. Burnside was <a href="/wiki/Interred" class="mw-redirect" title="Interred">interred</a> in the private burial ground of Colonel <a href="/wiki/John_Crowell_(Alabama_politician)" title="John Crowell (Alabama politician)">John Crowell</a>, renowned for his participation in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. The Colonel lived near the site where the duel had taken place and personally ensured every <a href="/wiki/Etiquette" title="Etiquette">protocol</a> of respect was accorded at Burnside's burial. Two weeks passed before Mrs. Burnside received word of her husband's demise. It was said that she nearly died herself from distraught upon receiving the news.<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She moved with her children to <a href="/wiki/Dahlonega,_Georgia" title="Dahlonega, Georgia">Dahlonega, Georgia</a>, residing there until her death. Crawford carried regret for his role in what was called "a deplorable and unfortunate affair".<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was known to have made anonymous financial contributions to Burnside's widow and children<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though he was remembered as saying it made no amends – and for having expressed <a href="/wiki/Lament" title="Lament">lament</a> shortly before his own death in 1872.<sup id="cite_ref-galegends_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Congressman">Congressman</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Congressman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1837, Crawford was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">Georgia General Assembly</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_House_of_Representatives" title="Georgia House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> for Richmond County.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There, Crawford distinguished himself as a fiscal conservative. He was elevated to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> to fill the vacancy caused by the death of <a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Habersham" title="Richard W. Habersham">Richard W. Habersham</a>. His term there was short, only serving from January 7 to March 3, 1843. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Georgia">Governor of Georgia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governor of Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>George W. Crawford was the <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a>'s nominee for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia" title="Governor of Georgia">governor</a> in 1843. Crawford defeated the Democratic nominee, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Anthony_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Anthony Cooper">Mark Anthony Cooper</a>, by a vote of 38,813 to 35,325<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> succeeding <a href="/wiki/Charles_James_McDonald" title="Charles James McDonald">Charles J. McDonald</a> to become the first Whig candidate to serve as Georgia's governor (as of 2019, he remains the only Whig governor). The Whigs won a majority in both houses of the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly" title="Georgia General Assembly">state legislature</a> in 1843, as well. Crawford was reelected in 1845, defeating Democratic challenger <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hall_McAllister" title="Matthew Hall McAllister">Matthew H. McAllister</a> by a margin of 1,751 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the legislature's support, Crawford was able to effect the Whig's agenda which focused on debt reduction and fiscal restraint. Crawford's administration was able to reduce expenditures more than $66,000 in its first year and nearly eliminate the state's debt of $500,000 before being succeeded by <a href="/wiki/George_W._Towns" title="George W. Towns">George W. Towns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides implementing sound budget policy, Crawford was able to expand educational opportunities in the state and hasten construction of the state-owned <a href="/wiki/Western_and_Atlantic_Railroad" title="Western and Atlantic Railroad">Western and Atlantic Railroad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crawford's administration established the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)">Supreme Court of Georgia</a> as well, which had failed to be institutionalized for decades of previous effort.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He redrew the state's congressional maps, and reformed the state penitentiary – making it "a more economically sound institution". Crawford also succeeded at dismantling the <a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Georgia Central Bank</a>, an important Whig campaign endeavor for years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secretary_of_War">Secretary of War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Secretary of War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a> became <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> in 1849, he appointed Crawford <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a>. As War Secretary, he was involved in settling a claim from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="United States government">United States government</a> for the Galphin family, descendants of <a href="/wiki/George_Galphin" title="George Galphin">George Galphin</a>, an American businessman who specialized in <a href="/wiki/Native_American_trade" title="Native American trade">Indian Trade</a>. Crawford received a large payment for his services and several of his political foes seized upon the opportunity to suggest impropriety. </p><p>Crawford was subsequently investigated by a <a href="/wiki/Government_agency" title="Government agency">commission</a> and completely <a href="/wiki/Exonerated" class="mw-redirect" title="Exonerated">exonerated</a> of any wrongdoing yet his critics continued casting aspersions.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a> became president after Taylor's sudden death while in office in 1850, Crawford resigned along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor#Administration_and_cabinet" title="Zachary Taylor">Taylor administration</a>, rather than work for <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Georgia_Secession_Convention">Georgia Secession Convention</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Georgia Secession Convention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville,_Georgia_1861.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png/200px-Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png/300px-Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png/400px-Ordinance_of_Secession_Milledgeville%2C_Georgia_1861.png 2x" data-file-width="2036" data-file-height="2545" /></a><figcaption>Facsimile of the 1861 <a href="/wiki/Ordinance_of_Secession" title="Ordinance of Secession">Ordinance of Secession</a> signed by delegates to the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly#Georgia_Secession_Convention" title="Georgia General Assembly">Georgia Secession Convention</a> at the <a href="/wiki/State_capitol" class="mw-redirect" title="State capitol">statehouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milledgeville,_Georgia" title="Milledgeville, Georgia">Milledgeville, Georgia</a> January 21, 1861</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1861, Crawford was elected as a delegate from <a href="/wiki/Richmond_County,_Georgia" title="Richmond County, Georgia">Richmond County, Georgia</a> to the state's <a href="/wiki/Georgia_General_Assembly#Georgia_Secession_Convention" title="Georgia General Assembly">Secession Convention</a>. The delegation elected Crawford president of the convention by a unanimous vote<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he oversaw the state's vote of secession. As the convention's president, Crawford is considered the author of Georgia's <a href="/wiki/Ordinance_of_Secession" title="Ordinance of Secession">Ordinance of Secession</a>, the official document announcing the state's formal intent to secede the federal <a href="/wiki/US" class="mw-redirect" title="US">Union</a> – originally as an independent <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>, ultimately to join the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>. </p><p>The delegation approved the ordinance January 19, 1861, with 208 voting in favor of secession and 89 opposed. The delegates signed the document in celebratory fashion two days later in the <a href="/wiki/Public_square" class="mw-redirect" title="Public square">public square</a> in front of the <a href="/wiki/State_capitol" class="mw-redirect" title="State capitol">statehouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milledgeville,_Georgia" title="Milledgeville, Georgia">Milledgeville</a> where the convention was assembled. Crawford survived to witness the consequences of enacting the ordinance, <a href="/wiki/Lament" title="Lament">lamenting</a> its cost in the shed blood of Georgia citizens rallied by the convention's call. </p><p>Crawford was to be tried for inciting a rebellion due to his role in presiding over the state's secession and was excluded from eligibility for both <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>'s and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a>'s amnesty proclamations because of his leadership status. Crawford escaped the harsh consequences of an <a href="/wiki/Adjudication" title="Adjudication">adjudication</a> of guilt in 1865, when Johnson approved his direct application for <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> thereby restoring Crawford as a citizen of the United States in good stead – with full protection of his person and property against all forms of <a href="/wiki/Reprisal" title="Reprisal">reprisal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-confpapers_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-confpapers-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crawford died on July 27, 1872, at his Belair estate, located near <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta, Georgia</a>. His funeral was held in <a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Augusta,_Georgia)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Augusta, Georgia)">St. Paul's Episcopal Church</a> and he was buried in <a href="/wiki/Summerville_Cemetery" title="Summerville Cemetery">Summerville Cemetery</a> located in Augusta.<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 16, 1943, the keel was laid for the <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Liberty_ships_(G%E2%80%93Je)#George_Walker_Crawford" title="List of Liberty ships (G–Je)">SS George Walker Crawford</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Liberty_ship" title="Liberty ship">liberty ship</a> built by the <a href="/wiki/J.A._Jones_Construction" title="J.A. Jones Construction">J.A. Jones Construction Company</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_Georgia" title="Brunswick, Georgia">Brunswick, Georgia</a> honoring Crawford for his service to the state of Georgia. The ship was launched January 1, 1944, and delivered into federal service January 13, 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoRQ-1_namelibertyphoto_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoRQ-1_namelibertyphoto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Crawford's biographer Len Cleveland said that in researching his material he observed that "Crawford's entire political career was motivated by a traditional sense of duty rather than by deep political convictions".<sup id="cite_ref-govofga_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Toombs" title="Robert Toombs">Robert Toombs</a> spoke well of Crawford, Saying, "There are but few abler and no purer men in America, and he has administrative qualities of an unusually high order."<sup id="cite_ref-50wad_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50wad-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/George_W._Crawford" title="Special:EditPage/George W. 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Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gapedia-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gapedia_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3244">George W. Crawford (1798–1872)</a></span>. georgiaencyclopedia.org. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-peterc-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-peterc_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-peterc_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Seaborn, Barbara (May 4, 2005). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newstimes.augusta.com/stories/2005/05/04/opi_050405_1232_3.shtml">Peter Crawford: Columbia County's first clerk of court</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304133835/http://newstimes.augusta.com/stories/2005/05/04/opi_050405_1232_3.shtml">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>. augusta.com. Retrieved July 18, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ugagene-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ugagene_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/ms1802-ead.xml">Crawford family genealogy</a></span>. uga.edu. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wilduel-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wilduel_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knight, Lucian Lamar (1917). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EEYUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA505">A Standard History of Georgia and Georgians, Volume 1</a></span>. Lewish publishing Company. Retrieved July 18, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-govofga-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-govofga_6-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cook, James F. (2005). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e9TouCt4MNkC&pg=PA120">The Governors Of Georgia: 1754–2004</a></span>. Mercer University Press. Retrieved July 18, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gagovs-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gagovs_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_georgia/col2-content/main-content-list/title_crawford_george.html">Georgia Governor George Walker Crawford</a></span>. nga.org. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-galegends-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galegends_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Knight, Lucian Lamar (1880). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B0oUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA35">Georgia's Landmarks, Memorials, and Legends ...: Under the code duello ...</a></span>. Harvard University Press. Retrieved July 17, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcrc-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mcrc_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://millercenter.org/president/taylor/essays/cabinet/240">American President: A Reference Resource</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130626093449/http://millercenter.org/president/taylor/essays/cabinet/240">Archived</a> 2013-06-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>. millercenter.org. Retrieved July 17, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gahist-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gahist_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jones, Charles Colcock; Dutcher, Salem (1890). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2fAxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA246">Memorial History of Augusta, Georgia: from Its Settlement in 1735 to 1890</a></span>. Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co., Publishers. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhite1854" class="citation book cs1">White, George W. (1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalcolle00georgoog"><i>Historical collections of Georgia : containing the most interesting facts, traditions, biographical sketches, anecdotes, etc., relating to its history and antiquities, from its first settlement to the present time</i></a>. New York: Pudney & Russell. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalcolle00georgoog/page/n295">245</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2016</span>. <q>George W. Crawford georgia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+collections+of+Georgia+%3A+containing+the+most+interesting+facts%2C+traditions%2C+biographical+sketches%2C+anecdotes%2C+etc.%2C+relating+to+its+history+and+antiquities%2C+from+its+first+settlement+to+the+present+time&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=245&rft.pub=Pudney+%26+Russell&rft.date=1854&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=George+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricalcolle00georgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+W.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGates2007" class="citation journal cs1">Gates, Frederick B. (Summer 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160804033823/http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aqh&AN=25565260&site=eds-live&scope=site">"The Impact of the Western & Atlantic Railroad on the Development of the Georgia Upcountry, 1840–1860"</a>. <i>Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>91</b> (2). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aqh&AN=25565260&site=eds-live&scope=site">the original</a> on 4 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Impact+of+the+Western+%26+Atlantic+Railroad+on+the+Development+of+the+Georgia+Upcountry%2C+1840%E2%80%931860&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Frederick+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ebscohost.com%2Flogin.aspx%3Fdirect%3Dtrue%26db%3Daqh%26AN%3D25565260%26site%3Deds-live%26scope%3Dsite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+W.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-confpapers-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-confpapers_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fold3.com/s.php#query=George+Crawford&t=59&p_place_usa=GA,none">Confederate Amnesty Papers, Petitioner Surname: Crawford, Petitioner Given Name: George W</a></span>. fold3.com. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AutoRQ-1_namelibertyphoto-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AutoRQ-1_namelibertyphoto_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(January 1944). <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/meta/html/dlg/vsbg/meta_dlg_vsbg_jaj033.html?Welcome">Photograph of Mrs. I. M. Aiken christening the Liberty ship George W. Crawford, J.A. Jones Construction Company shipyard, Brunswick, Georgia, 1944 Jan. </a></span>. usg.edu. Retrieved July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50wad-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50wad_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faithinwriting.com/Waddel/50WaddelAcademyAlumni.htm">Fifty Waddel Academy Alumni (biographies)</a></span>. faithinwriting.com. Retrieved July 19, 2013.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_W._Crawford&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressC000890" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000890">"George W. Crawford (id: C000890)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=George+W.+Crawford+%28id%3A+C000890%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DC000890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+W.+Crawford" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.com/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3244">George W. Crawford at The New Georgia Encyclopedia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070921004312/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.com/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3244">Archived</a> 2007-09-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://milledgeville.galileo.usg.edu/milledgeville/view?docId=news/fuw1872/fuw1872-0126.xml">"Death of Ex-Governor Crawford"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306085432/http://milledgeville.galileo.usg.edu/milledgeville/view?docId=news/fuw1872/fuw1872-0126.xml">Archived</a> 2012-03-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Federal Union (Milledgeville), August 7, 1872. From the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100802033203/http://milledgeville.galileo.usg.edu/milledgeville/search">Milledgeville Historic Newspapers Archive</a>, Digital Library of Georgia.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10522">George W. Crawford</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_F._Wells&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas F. Wells (page does not exist)">Thomas F. Wells</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Georgia" title="Attorney General of Georgia">Attorney General of Georgia</a> </b><br />1827–1831 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Jenkins" title="Charles J. Jenkins">Charles J. Jenkins</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Habersham" title="Richard W. Habersham">Richard W. Habersham</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Georgia">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Georgia%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Georgia's at-large congressional district">Georgia's at-large congressional district</a> </b><br />1843 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_A._Haralson" title="Hugh A. Haralson">Hugh A. Haralson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Crosby_Dawson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Crosby Dawson">William Dawson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1843_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1843 Georgia gubernatorial election">1843</a>, <a href="/wiki/1845_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1845 Georgia gubernatorial election">1845</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Lamont_Clinch" title="Duncan Lamont Clinch">Duncan Clinch</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_McDonald" title="Charles James McDonald">Charles McDonald</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a> </b><br />1843–1847 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Towns" title="George W. Towns">George W. Towns</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Marcy" title="William L. Marcy">William L. Marcy</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a> </b><br />1849–1850 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Charles Conrad</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Republican_and_Whig_Parties993" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Whig Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Whig Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this 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Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1860_Constitutional_Union_Convention" title="1860 Constitutional Union Convention">1860 Constitutional Union Convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_Party_(Northern_U.S.)" title="Opposition Party (Northern U.S.)">Opposition Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Party_System" title="Second Party System">Second Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Party_(United_States,_1850)" title="Union Party (United States, 1850)">Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Quincy_Adams" title="Presidency of John Quincy Adams">Presidency of John Quincy Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison#Presidency_(1841)" title="William Henry Harrison">Presidency of William Henry Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Tyler" title="Presidency of John Tyler">Presidency of John Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor#Presidency_(1849–1850)" title="Zachary Taylor">Presidency of Zachary Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Millard_Fillmore" title="Presidency of Millard Fillmore">Presidency of Millard Fillmore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_National_Republican_and_Whig_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States National Republican and Whig Party presidential tickets">Presidential<br />tickets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828 (None)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1831_National_Republican_National_Convention" title="1831 National Republican National Convention">1831 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Sergeant_(politician)" title="John Sergeant (politician)">Sergeant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836 (None)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Francis_Granger" title="Francis Granger">Granger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Lawson_White" title="Hugh Lawson White">White</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Webster</a>/<a href="/wiki/Francis_Granger" title="Francis Granger">Granger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_P._Mangum" title="Willie P. Mangum">Mangum</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1839_Whig_National_Convention" title="1839 Whig National Convention">1839 (Harrisburg)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_Whig_National_Convention" title="1844 Whig National Convention">1844 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a>/<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Frelinghuysen" title="Theodore Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_Whig_National_Convention" title="1848 Whig National Convention">1848 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Z. Taylor</a>/<a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_Whig_National_Convention" title="1852 Whig National Convention">1852 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott" title="Winfield Scott">Scott</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Whig_National_Convention" title="1856 Whig National Convention">1856 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Fillmore</a>/<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson_Donelson" title="Andrew Jackson Donelson">Donelson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House<br />Speakers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Taylor_(politician)" title="John W. Taylor (politician)">J. Taylor</a> (1825–1827)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._T._Hunter" title="Robert M. T. Hunter">Hunter</a> (1839–1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_White_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John White (Kentucky politician)">White</a> (1841–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charles_Winthrop" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Charles Winthrop">Winthrop</a> (1847–1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a> (1856–1857)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">U.S. Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a> (1825–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a> (1841–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_P._Upshur" title="Abel P. Upshur">Abel P. Upshur</a> (1843–1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton" title="John M. Clayton">John M. Clayton</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Edward Everett</a> (1852–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rush" title="Richard Rush">Richard Rush</a> (1825–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Thomas Ewing</a> (1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Forward" title="Walter Forward">Walter Forward</a> (1841–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Canfield_Spencer" title="John Canfield Spencer">John C. Spencer</a> (1843–1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">George M. Bibb</a> (1844–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">William M. Meredith</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin" title="Thomas Corwin">Thomas Corwin</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">James Barbour</a> (1825–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter" title="Peter Buell Porter">Peter B. Porter</a> (1828–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">John Bell</a> (1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Canfield_Spencer" title="John Canfield Spencer">John C. Spencer</a> (1841–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Porter" title="James Madison Porter">James M. Porter</a> (1843–1844)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">George W. Crawford</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Charles M. Conrad</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Wirt_(attorney_general)" title="William Wirt (attorney general)">William Wirt</a> (1825–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">John J. Crittenden</a> (1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nelson_(lawyer)" title="John Nelson (lawyer)">John Nelson</a> (1843–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Reverdy Johnson</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">John J. Crittenden</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Southard" title="Samuel L. Southard">Samuel L. Southard</a> (1825–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Edmund_Badger" title="George Edmund Badger">George E. Badger</a> (1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_P._Upshur" title="Abel P. Upshur">Abel P. Upshur</a> (1841–1843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ballard_Preston" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ballard Preston">William B. Preston</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham">William A. Graham</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Kennedy" title="John P. Kennedy">John P. Kennedy</a> (1852–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Thomas Ewing</a> (1849–1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean_Thompson_McKennan" title="Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan">Thomas M. T. McKennan</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hugh_Holmes_Stuart" title="Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart">Alexander H. H. Stuart</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Georgia207" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Georgia" title="Template:Governors of Georgia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Georgia" title="Template talk:Governors of Georgia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Georgia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Georgia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Georgia207" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Georgia" title="List of governors of Georgia">Governors of Georgia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>1777–<i>present</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Bulloch" title="Archibald Bulloch">Bulloch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Button_Gwinnett" title="Button Gwinnett">Gwinnett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Treutlen" title="John A. Treutlen">Treutlen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Houstoun" title="John Houstoun">Houstoun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Glascock" title="William Glascock">Glascock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Seth_John_Cuthbert" title="Seth John Cuthbert">Cuthbert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wereat" title="John Wereat">Wereat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Walton" title="George Walton">Walton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Howly" title="Richard Howly">Howly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Wells_(Georgia_politician)" title="George Wells (Georgia politician)">George Wells</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Wells" title="Humphrey Wells">Humphrey Wells</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Heard" title="Stephen Heard">Heard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Myrick_Davies" title="Myrick Davies">Davies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Brownson" title="Nathan Brownson">Brownson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(Governor_of_Georgia)" title="John Martin (Governor of Georgia)">Martin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Hall" title="Lyman Hall">Hall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Houstoun" title="John Houstoun">Houstoun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Elbert" title="Samuel Elbert">Elbert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Telfair" title="Edward Telfair">Telfair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Mathews_(soldier)" title="George Mathews (soldier)">Mathews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Handley_(politician)" title="George Handley (politician)">Handley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Walton" title="George Walton">Walton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Telfair" title="Edward Telfair">Telfair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Mathews_(soldier)" title="George Mathews (soldier)">Mathews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jared_Irwin" title="Jared Irwin">Irwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Jackson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Jackson (Georgia politician)">Jackson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Emanuel_(Governor_of_Georgia)" title="David Emanuel (Governor of Georgia)">Emanuel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Tattnall_(politician)" title="Josiah Tattnall (politician)">Tattnall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Milledge" title="John Milledge">Milledge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jared_Irwin" title="Jared Irwin">Irwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Brydie_Mitchell" title="David Brydie Mitchell">Mitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Early" title="Peter Early">Early</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Brydie_Mitchell" title="David Brydie Mitchell">Mitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Rabun" title="William Rabun">Rabun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Talbot" title="Matthew Talbot">Talbot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Clark_(Georgia_governor)" title="John Clark (Georgia governor)">Clark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Troup" title="George Troup">Troup</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">Forsyth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Rockingham_Gilmer" class="mw-redirect" title="George Rockingham Gilmer">Gilmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Lumpkin" title="Wilson Lumpkin">Lumpkin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Schley" title="William Schley">Schley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Rockingham_Gilmer" class="mw-redirect" title="George Rockingham Gilmer">Gilmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_McDonald" title="Charles James McDonald">McDonald</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crawford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Towns" title="George W. Towns">Towns</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herschel_V._Johnson" title="Herschel V. Johnson">H. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Brown" title="Joseph E. Brown">J. E. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Johnson_(Georgia_politician)" title="James Johnson (Georgia politician)">J. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Jenkins" title="Charles J. Jenkins">Jenkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Ruger" title="Thomas H. Ruger">Ruger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Bullock" title="Rufus Bullock">Bullock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Conley" title="Benjamin F. Conley">Conley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Milton_Smith" title="James Milton Smith">J. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Colquitt" title="Alfred H. Colquitt">Colquitt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Stephens" title="Alexander H. Stephens">Stephens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_S._Boynton" title="James S. Boynton">Boynton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dickerson_McDaniel" title="Henry Dickerson McDaniel">McDaniel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gordon" title="John B. Gordon">Gordon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Northen" title="William J. Northen">Northen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Yates_Atkinson" title="William Yates Atkinson">Atkinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allen_D._Candler" title="Allen D. Candler">Candler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Terrell" title="Joseph M. Terrell">Terrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hoke_Smith" title="Hoke Smith">H. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mackey_Brown" title="Joseph Mackey Brown">J. M. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hoke_Smith" title="Hoke Smith">H. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Slaton" title="John M. Slaton">Slaton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mackey_Brown" title="Joseph Mackey Brown">J. M. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_M._Slaton" title="John M. Slaton">Slaton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Edwin_Harris" title="Nathaniel Edwin Harris">N. Harris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Dorsey" title="Hugh Dorsey">Dorsey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Hardwick" title="Thomas W. Hardwick">Hardwick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Walker" title="Clifford Walker">Walker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lamartine_Griffin_Hardman" title="Lamartine Griffin Hardman">Hardman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Russell_Jr." title="Richard Russell Jr.">Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Talmadge" title="Eugene Talmadge">E. Talmadge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eurith_D._Rivers" title="Eurith D. Rivers">Rivers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Talmadge" title="Eugene Talmadge">E. Talmadge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Arnall" title="Ellis Arnall">Arnall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">H. Talmadge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvin_E._Thompson" title="Melvin E. Thompson">Thompson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herman_Talmadge" title="Herman Talmadge">H. Talmadge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Griffin" title="Marvin Griffin">Griffin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Vandiver" title="Ernest Vandiver">Vandiver</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sanders" title="Carl Sanders">Sanders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lester_Maddox" title="Lester Maddox">Maddox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Busbee" title="George Busbee">Busbee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Frank_Harris" title="Joe Frank Harris">J. Harris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zell_Miller" title="Zell Miller">Miller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Barnes" title="Roy Barnes">Barnes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Perdue" title="Sonny Perdue">Perdue</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Deal" title="Nathan Deal">Deal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kemp" title="Brian Kemp">Kemp</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Seal_of_Georgia.svg/50px-Seal_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Seal_of_Georgia.svg/75px-Seal_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Seal_of_Georgia.svg/100px-Seal_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="297" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Governors_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Category:Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_war_and_the_Army279" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_secretaries_of_the_Army" title="Template:United States secretaries of the Army"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_secretaries_of_the_Army" title="Template talk:United States secretaries of the Army"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_secretaries_of_the_Army" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States secretaries of the Army"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_war_and_the_Army279" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States secretaries of war</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">Department<br />of War</a><br />(1789–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">B. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Knox" title="Henry Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pickering" title="Timothy Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McHenry" title="James McHenry">McHenry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dearborn" title="Henry Dearborn">Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Armstrong_Jr." title="John Armstrong Jr.">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford">W. Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter" title="Peter Buell Porter">P. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician)" title="John Eaton (politician)">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Roberts_Poinsett" title="Joel Roberts Poinsett">Poinsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Canfield_Spencer" title="John Canfield Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Porter" title="James Madison Porter">J. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(American_politician)" title="William Wilkins (American politician)">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Marcy" title="William L. Marcy">Marcy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G. Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">J. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Floyd" title="John B. Floyd">Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Holt" title="Joseph Holt">Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">S. Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Stanton" title="Edwin Stanton">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schofield" title="John Schofield">Schofield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Aaron_Rawlins" title="John Aaron Rawlins">Rawlins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Belknap" title="William W. Belknap">Belknap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Taft" title="Alphonso Taft">A. Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">J. Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ramsey" title="Alexander Ramsey">Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Todd_Lincoln" title="Robert Todd Lincoln">R. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Crowninshield_Endicott" title="William Crowninshield Endicott">Endicott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redfield_Proctor" title="Redfield Proctor">Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_B._Elkins" title="Stephen B. Elkins">Elkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_S._Lamont" title="Daniel S. Lamont">Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Alger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Root</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">W. Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Edward_Wright" title="Luke Edward Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_M._Dickinson" title="Jacob M. Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Stimson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindley_Miller_Garrison" title="Lindley Miller Garrison">Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_D._Baker" title="Newton D. Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Weeks" title="John W. Weeks">Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_F._Davis" title="Dwight F. Davis">D. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Hurley" title="Patrick J. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dern" title="George Dern">Dern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hines_Woodring" title="Harry Hines Woodring">Woodring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Stimson" title="Henry L. Stimson">Stimson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Assistant Secretary of War">Assistant<br />secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Scott" title="Thomas A. Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_H._Watson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter H. Watson (page does not exist)">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Tucker_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Tucker (politician) (page does not exist)">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wolcott" title="Christopher Wolcott">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Anderson_Dana" title="Charles Anderson Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eckert" title="Thomas Eckert">Eckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_A._Grant" title="Lewis A. Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Doe" title="Joseph Doe">Doe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_de_Rue_Meiklejohn" title="George de Rue Meiklejohn">Meiklejohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cary_Sanger" title="William Cary Sanger">Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Shaw_Oliver" title="Robert Shaw Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Skillman_Breckinridge" title="Henry Skillman Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moulton_Ingraham" title="William Moulton Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Crowell" title="Benedict Crowell">Crowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Reid_Williams" title="William Reid Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Mayhew_Wainwright" title="J. Mayhew Wainwright">Wainwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_F._Davis" title="Dwight F. Davis">D. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanford_MacNider" title="Hanford MacNider">MacNider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burton_Robbins" title="Charles Burton Robbins">Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Hurley" title="Patrick J. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Huff_Payne" title="Frederick Huff Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hines_Woodring" title="Harry Hines Woodring">Woodring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Johnson" title="Louis A. Johnson">L. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCloy" title="John J. McCloy">McCloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_C._Petersen" title="Howard C. Petersen">Petersen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Under Secretary of War">Under secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Patterson" title="Robert P. Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Draper_Jr." title="William Henry Draper Jr.">Draper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_War.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department<br />of the Army</a><br />(1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Claiborne_Royall" title="Kenneth Claiborne Royall">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Gray_(politician)" title="Gordon Gray (politician)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pace" title="Frank Pace">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Stevens" title="Robert T. Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilber_M._Brucker" title="Wilber M. Brucker">Brucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Jacob_Stahr_Jr." title="Elvis Jacob Stahr Jr.">Stahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ailes" title="Stephen Ailes">Ailes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rogers_Resor" title="Stanley Rogers Resor">Resor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Frederick_Froehlke" title="Robert Frederick Froehlke">Froehlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Callaway" title="Bo Callaway">Callaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Richard_Hoffmann" title="Martin Richard Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Alexander_Jr." title="Clifford Alexander Jr.">C. Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Otho_Marsh_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Otho Marsh Jr.">Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_P._W._Stone" title="Michael P. W. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo_D._West_Jr." title="Togo D. West Jr.">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Caldera" title="Louis Caldera">Caldera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._White" title="Thomas E. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_J._Harvey" title="Francis J. Harvey">Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Geren" title="Pete Geren">Geren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._McHugh" title="John M. McHugh">McHugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Fanning" title="Eric Fanning">Fanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Esper" title="Mark Esper">Esper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._McCarthy" title="Ryan D. McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Wormuth" title="Christine Wormuth">Wormuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._Driscoll" title="Daniel P. Driscoll">Driscoll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army">Under secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Draper_Jr." title="William Henry Draper Jr.">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Gray_(politician)" title="Gordon Gray (politician)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Voorhees" title="Tracy Voorhees">Voorhees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_S._Alexander" title="Archibald S. Alexander">A. Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bendetsen" title="Karl Bendetsen">Bendetsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_D._Johnson" title="Earl D. Johnson">E. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Slezak" title="John Slezak">Slezak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Finucane" title="Charles C. Finucane">Finucane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_M._Milton_II" title="Hugh M. Milton II">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ailes" title="Stephen Ailes">Ailes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ignatius" title="Paul Ignatius">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Rogers_Resor" title="Stanley Rogers Resor">Resor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_E._McGiffert" title="David E. McGiffert">McGiffert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Beal" title="Thaddeus Beal">Beal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._BeLieu" title="Kenneth E. BeLieu">BeLieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_R._Staudt" title="Herman R. Staudt">Staudt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_R._Augustine" title="Norman R. Augustine">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_B._LaBerge" title="Walter B. LaBerge">LaBerge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Ambrose" title="James R. Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_P._W._Stone" title="Michael P. W. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Shannon" title="John W. Shannon">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Reeder" title="Joe R. Reeder">Reeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Walker" title="Robert M. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_D._Rostker" title="Bernard D. Rostker">Rostker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_R._Dahlberg" title="Gregory R. Dahlberg">Dahlberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Brownlee" title="Les Brownlee">Brownlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Geren" title="Pete Geren">Geren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_M._Ford" title="Nelson M. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Westphal" title="Joseph W. Westphal">Westphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Carson" title="Brad Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Murphy_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Patrick Murphy (Pennsylvania politician)">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._McCarthy" title="Ryan D. McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._McPherson" title="James E. McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Camarillo" title="Gabe Camarillo">Camarillo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Zachary_Taylor_(1849–1850)532" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taylor_cabinet" title="Template:Taylor cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taylor_cabinet" title="Template talk:Taylor cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taylor_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taylor cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Zachary_Taylor_(1849–1850)532" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a> (1849–1850)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton" title="John M. Clayton">John M. Clayton</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg/100px-Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg/150px-Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg/200px-Zachary_taylor-crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">William M. Meredith</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">George W. Crawford</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Reverdy Johnson</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Collamer" title="Jacob Collamer">Jacob Collamer</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Ballard_Preston" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ballard Preston">William Ballard Preston</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Thomas Ewing</a> (1849–1850)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Millard_Fillmore_(1850–1853)534" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fillmore_cabinet" title="Template:Fillmore cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fillmore_cabinet" title="Template talk:Fillmore cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fillmore_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fillmore cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Millard_Fillmore_(1850–1853)534" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a> (1850–1853)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Clayton" title="John M. Clayton">John M. Clayton</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Edward Everett</a> (1852–1853)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Millard_Fillmore.jpg/100px-Millard_Fillmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Millard_Fillmore.jpg/150px-Millard_Fillmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Millard_Fillmore.jpg/200px-Millard_Fillmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2994" data-file-height="3938" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Meredith" title="William M. Meredith">William M. Meredith</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Corwin" title="Thomas Corwin">Thomas Corwin</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">George W. Crawford</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Charles Magill Conrad</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Reverdy Johnson</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">John J. Crittenden</a> (1850–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Collamer" title="Jacob Collamer">Jacob Collamer</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_K._Hall" title="Nathan K. Hall">Nathan K. Hall</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dickinson_Hubbard" title="Samuel Dickinson Hubbard">Samuel Dickinson Hubbard</a> (1852–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Ballard_Preston" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ballard Preston">William Ballard Preston</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham">William Alexander Graham</a> (1850–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Kennedy" title="John P. Kennedy">John P. Kennedy</a> (1852–1853)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ewing" title="Thomas Ewing">Thomas Ewing</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean_Thompson_McKennan" title="Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan">Thomas M. T. McKennan</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hugh_Holmes_Stuart" title="Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart">Alexander H. H. 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