CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="af" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Long - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )afwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januarie","Februarie","Maart","April","Mei","Junie","Julie","Augustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"d606a840-a353-4f0c-a623-8fa38ff1526d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Long","wgTitle":"Long","wgCurRevisionId":2702035,"wgRevisionId":2702035,"wgArticleId":9259,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders","Artikels met GND-identifiseerders","Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders","Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders","Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders","Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders","Artikels met TA98-identifiseerders","Normdata met 7 elemente","Pages using ISBN magic links","Asemhalingstelsel","Organe","Bors"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"af","wgPageContentLanguage":"af","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Long","wgRelevantArticleId":9259,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"af","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"af"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7886","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.23"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Heart-and-lungs.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1170"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Heart-and-lungs.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="780"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="624"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Long - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Wysig" href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (af)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//af.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.af"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atoomvoer" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Long rootpage-Long skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Gaan na inhoud</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Hoofkieslys" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofkieslys" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Gaan na die tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About"><span>Inligting oor Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>Kontakblad</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-SEARCH_" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-SEARCH_--_doen_dit_iets_-- emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> SEARCH  </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Interaksie" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Interaksie" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Interaksie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Hulp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hulp"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Leer-hoe-om-te-wysig" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Welkom_nuwelinge"><span>Leer hoe om te wysig</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard"><span>Laai lêer</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-TOOLBOX_" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-TOOLBOX_--_doen_dit_iets_-- emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> TOOLBOX  </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-af.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Soek" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Long" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Long" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Long" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Long" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Nie-respiratoriese_funksies_van_die_longe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nie-respiratoriese_funksies_van_die_longe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Nie-respiratoriese funksies van die longe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nie-respiratoriese_funksies_van_die_longe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soogdierlonge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soogdierlonge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Soogdierlonge</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Soogdierlonge-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Soogdierlonge subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Soogdierlonge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ligging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ligging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voëllonge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voëllonge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voëllonge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voëllonge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reptiel-longe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reptiel-longe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reptiel-longe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reptiel-longe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amfibiese_longe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amfibiese_longe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Amfibiese longe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amfibiese_longe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spinagtiges_se_longe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spinagtiges_se_longe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Spinagtiges se longe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spinagtiges_se_longe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Longsiektes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Longsiektes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Longsiektes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Longsiektes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Longsiektes subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Longsiektes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Komplikasies_van_lugweginfeksies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komplikasies_van_lugweginfeksies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Komplikasies van lugweginfeksies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komplikasies_van_lugweginfeksies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ander_longsiektes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ander_longsiektes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Ander longsiektes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ander_longsiektes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgawe" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Long</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 171 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-171" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">171 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%27ueb" title="S'ueb – Atsjenees" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="S'ueb" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atsjenees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunge" title="Lunge – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lunge" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%88%9D%E1%89%A3" title="ሳምባ – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳምባ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polm%C3%B3n" title="Polmón – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Polmón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A9" title="رئة – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رئة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%90%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܪܐܬܐ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܐܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%93" title="হাঁওফাঁও – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হাঁওফাঁও" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3n" title="Pulmón – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pulmón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opan" title="Opan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Opan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Гьуърул – Avaries" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Гьуърул" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuyma" title="Chuyma – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Chuyma" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9Fciy%C9%99r" title="Ağciyər – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ağciyər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%BA%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="آغ‌جییر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آغ‌جییر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D3%99" title="Үпкә – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Үпкә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga_(anatomiya)" title="Baga (anatomiya) – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Baga (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B3%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Лёгкія – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лёгкія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B3%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Лёгкія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лёгкія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8F%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Бял дроб – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бял дроб" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8" title="ফুসফুস – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফুসফুস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="གློ་བ། – Tibettaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གློ་བ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibettaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skevent" title="Skevent – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skevent" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plu%C4%87a" title="Pluća – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pluća" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rak" title="Rak – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Rak" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Уушхан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Уушхан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3" title="Pulmó – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pulmó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C3%A9_(k%C3%A9-gu%C4%83ng)" title="Hié (ké-guăng) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hié (ké-guăng)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga_(anatomiya)" title="Baga (anatomiya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Baga (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%97%E1%8F%9B%E1%8E%B5%E1%8F%97%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%97" title="ᏗᏛᎵᏗᏍᏙᏗ – Cherokees" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏗᏛᎵᏗᏍᏙᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C_(%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="سی (ئەندام) – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سی (ئەندام)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%ADce" title="Plíce – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plíce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Ӳпке – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ӳпке" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysgyfaint" title="Ysgyfaint – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ysgyfaint" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunge_(bredere_betydning)" title="Lunge (bredere betydning) – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lunge (bredere betydning)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapu%C9%A3u" title="Sapuɣu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Sapuɣu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunge" title="Lunge – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lunge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciger" title="Ciger – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ciger" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%AA%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%95%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%AD" title="ފުއްޕާމޭ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފުއްޕާމޭ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Πνεύμονας – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πνεύμονας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm%C3%B2%E1%B9%85" title="Palmòṅ – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Palmòṅ" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung" title="Lung – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lung" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmo" title="Pulmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pulmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3n" title="Pulmón – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pulmón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopsud" title="Kopsud – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kopsud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birika" title="Birika – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Birika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B4" title="شش – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keuhkot" title="Keuhkot – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keuhkot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4%C3%BC" title="Täü – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Täü" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatevuso" title="Yatevuso – Fidjiaans" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Yatevuso" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidjiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poumon" title="Poumon – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Poumon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long" title="Long – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Long" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scamh%C3%B3g" title="Scamhóg – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Scamhóg" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poumon" title="Poumon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Poumon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgamhan" title="Sgamhan – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sgamhan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulm%C3%B3n" title="Pulmón – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pulmón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91e%27%C3%A3vev%C3%BAi" title="Ñe'ãvevúi – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñe'ãvevúi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82" title="ફેફસાં – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ફેફસાં" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huhu" title="Huhu – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Huhu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi" title="Hi – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94" title="ריאה – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריאה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8" title="फुप्फुस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फुप्फुस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plu%C4%87a" title="Pluća – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pluća" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCd%C5%91" title="Tüdő – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tüdő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թոքեր – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թոքեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmones" title="Pulmones – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pulmones" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paru-paru" title="Paru-paru – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paru-paru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmon" title="Pulmon – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Pulmon" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puvak" title="Puvak – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Puvak" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara" title="Bara – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bara" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Пехкаш – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Пехкаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmono" title="Pulmono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pulmono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunga" title="Lunga – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lunga" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polmone" title="Polmone – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polmone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="肺" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long" title="Long – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Long" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/fepri" title="fepri – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="fepri" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paru-paru" title="Paru-paru – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Paru-paru" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ფილტვები – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფილტვები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin" title="Turin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Turin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%CA%8Bz%CA%8B%CA%8B" title="Hʋzʋʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Hʋzʋʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BA%D0%BF%D0%B5" title="Өкпе – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Өкпе" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B6" title="ಶ್ವಾಸಕೋಶ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶ್ವಾಸಕೋಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%88%ED%8C%8C" title="허파 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="허파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%97%D8%B4" title="شوٗش – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="شوٗش" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BF%D0%BA%D3%A9" title="Өпкө – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Өпкө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmo" title="Pulmo – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pulmo" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long" title="Long – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Long" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83" title="Гьутру – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Гьутру" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Жигер – Lezghies" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Жигер" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmon" title="Pulmon – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Pulmon" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3nge" title="Lónge – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Lónge" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lip%C3%BAl%C3%BAl%C3%BA" title="Lipúlúlú – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lipúlúlú" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%94" title="ປອດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປອດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plau%C4%8Diai" title="Plaučiai – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Plaučiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plau%C5%A1as" title="Plaušas – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Plaušas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paru-paru" title="Paru-paru – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Paru-paru" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Тевлафне – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тевлафне" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havokavoka" title="Havokavoka – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Havokavoka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Бели дробови – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бели дробови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="ശ്വാസകോശം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശ്വാസകോശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Уушги – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Уушги" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8" title="फुफ्फुस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फुफ्फुस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Шоды – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шоды" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paru-paru" title="Paru-paru – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paru-paru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmun" title="Pulmun – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pulmun" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%86%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="အဆုတ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဆုတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2" title="Тевеляв – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тевеляв" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%A9" title="پک – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B" title="फोक्सो – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फोक्सो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%99" title="लुङ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लुङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_(orgaan)" title="Long (orgaan) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Long (orgaan)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunge" title="Lunge – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lunge" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunge" title="Lunge – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lunge" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmon" title="Palmon – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Palmon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਫੇਫੜਾ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫੇਫੜਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala" title="Bala – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Bala" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga" title="Baga – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Baga" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmon" title="Pulmon – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pulmon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82uco" title="Płuco – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Płuco" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polmon" title="Polmon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Polmon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%BE%D9%BE%DA%BE%DA%91%DB%92" title="پھپھڑے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پھپھڑے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%96%D9%8A" title="سږي – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سږي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulm%C3%A3o" title="Pulmão – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pulmão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surq%27an" title="Surq'an – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Surq'an" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%83m%C3%A2n" title="Plămân – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Plămân" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plimunu" title="Plimunu – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Plimunu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Лёгкие – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лёгкие" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="फुफ्फुसः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फुफ्फुसः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D2%A5%D0%B0" title="Тыҥа – Jakoeties" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тыҥа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoeties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prumone" title="Prumone – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Prumone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purmuna" title="Purmuna – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Purmuna" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffs" title="Buffs – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Buffs" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A6%DA%A6%DA%99" title="ڦڦڙ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڦڦڙ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geahpp%C3%A1t" title="Geahppát – Noord-Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Geahppát" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plu%C4%87a" title="Pluća – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pluća" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung" title="Lung – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lung" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%BE%C3%BAca" title="Pľúca – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pľúca" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plju%C4%8Da" title="Pljuča – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pljuča" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapapu" title="Mapapu – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mapapu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambab" title="Sambab – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sambab" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushk%C3%ABria" title="Mushkëria – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mushkëria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%B0" title="Плућа – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Плућа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayah" title="Bayah – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bayah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunga" title="Lunga – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lunga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapafu" title="Mapafu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mapafu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/bala%27" title="bala' – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="bala'" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="நுரையீரல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நுரையீரல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8A%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఊపిరితిత్తులు – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఊపిరితిత్తులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%88" title="Шуш – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шуш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94" title="ปอด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปอด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga_(anatomiya)" title="Baga (anatomiya) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Baga (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akci%C4%9Fer" title="Akciğer – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akciğer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D3%99" title="Үпкә – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Үпкә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%BE%D9%83%DB%95" title="ئۆپكە – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئۆپكە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Легені – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Легені" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%BE%DA%BE%DA%91%DB%92" title="پھیپھڑے – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پھیپھڑے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBpka" title="Oʻpka – Oesbekies" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻpka" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oesbekies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polmon" title="Polmon – Venesiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Polmon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%95i" title="Phổi – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phổi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lueg" title="Lueg – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lueg" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peumon" title="Peumon – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Peumon" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baga_(anatomiya)" title="Baga (anatomiya) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Baga (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="肺" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B3" title="Оошг – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Оошг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imiphunga" title="Imiphunga – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Imiphunga" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9F%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="ფიჟვი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფიჟვი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92" title="לונג – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לונג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwt" title="Bwt – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bwt" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="肺" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="肺" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AC_(kh%C3%AC-koan)" title="Hì (khì-koan) – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hì (khì-koan)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="肺" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7886#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Long" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Long" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Long"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Long"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Long" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Long" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&oldid=2702035" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Long&id=2702035&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLong"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLong"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Long"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Long&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Lung" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7886" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Heart-and-lungs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Heart-and-lungs.jpg/230px-Heart-and-lungs.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Heart-and-lungs.jpg/345px-Heart-and-lungs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Heart-and-lungs.jpg/460px-Heart-and-lungs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption>Die <a href="/wiki/Hart" title="Hart">hart</a> se posisie ten opsigte van die longe (uit 'n ouer uitgawe van <i><a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a></i>)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Diafragma_ademhaling.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Diafragma_ademhaling.gif/230px-Diafragma_ademhaling.gif" decoding="async" width="230" height="361" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Diafragma_ademhaling.gif/345px-Diafragma_ademhaling.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Diafragma_ademhaling.gif 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Asemhaling deur gebruik van die diafragma.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg/230px-Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg/345px-Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg/460px-Respiratory_system_complete_no_labels.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="691" data-file-height="934" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Die <b>long</b> is 'n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orgaan_(anatomie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orgaan (anatomie) (bladsy bestaan nie)">orgaan</a> wat deel uitmaak van die <a href="/wiki/Asemhalingstelsel" title="Asemhalingstelsel">asemhalingstelsel</a> en koppelvlak met die <a href="/wiki/Bloedsomloopstelsel" title="Bloedsomloopstelsel">bloedsomloopstelsel</a> vir <a href="/wiki/Gewerwelde" class="mw-redirect" title="Gewerwelde">gewerwelde</a> diere wat lug inasem. Die funksie daarvan is om <a href="/wiki/Suurstof" title="Suurstof">suurstof</a> vanuit die lug met <a href="/wiki/Koolstofdioksied" title="Koolstofdioksied">koolstofdioksied</a> in die bloed te ruil. Die proses wat hier plaasvind word <i>respirasie</i> of asemhaling genoem. Die meganisme waarvolgens longe respirasie moontlik maak word <a href="/wiki/Diffusie" title="Diffusie">diffusie</a> genoem. Daar is ook nie-respiratoriese funksies van die longe. Mediese terme wat verband hou met die longe begin gewoonlik met <i><b>pulmo-</b></i> vanaf <i>pulmones</i>, die <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latynse</a> woord vir longe. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nie-respiratoriese_funksies_van_die_longe">Nie-respiratoriese funksies van die longe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Nie-respiratoriese funksies van die longe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Nie-respiratoriese funksies van die longe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bo en behalwe die respiratoriese funksie is soos gasuitruiling en regulering van die waterstofioonkonsentrasie het die longe ook die volgende: </p> <ul><li>Beïnvloed die konsentrasie van biologies aktiewe stowwe in die bloedsomloopstelsel.</li> <li>Filter klein bloedklonte wat in die <a href="/wiki/Aar" title="Aar">are</a> vorm uit.</li> <li>Dien as 'n fisiese laag sagte, skokabsorberende beskerming vir die <a href="/wiki/Hart" title="Hart">hart</a>, wat bykans geheel en al deur die longe omvou word.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soogdierlonge">Soogdierlonge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Soogdierlonge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Soogdierlonge"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die longe van soogdiere (klas <i>Mammalia</i>), asook die van die mens, stem struktureel baie met die van reptiele ooreen. Die funksionele longoppervlakte is nog meer vergroot, maar die soogdierlong is, wat bou betref, in verskeie opsigte minder volmaak as die van voëls. So byvoorbeeld dring die suurstofryke <a href="/wiki/Lug" class="mw-redirect" title="Lug">lug</a> slegs vir 'n gedeelte direk tot in die alveoli (Ionglugsakkies) deur. Soogdierlonge is gewoonlik in verskeie lobbe verdeel. </p><p>Die longe is in die toraks (borskas) geleë, een aan elke kant van die hart. Die apeks van die long is ongeveer 4 cm bo die eerste rib, terwyl die basis van die long op die diafragma (middelrif) rus. Die regterlong het 3 lobbe en die linkerlong 2 lobbe. Die tragea (Iugpyp) gaan uiteindelik in die hoofbrongus oor en vertak dan later in 'n linker- en regterbrongus, wat die linker- en regterlong onderskeidelik by die hilus van die long binnedring. </p><p>Die linker- en regterbrongi vertak verder in al hoe kleiner wordende <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brongioli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brongioli (bladsy bestaan nie)">brongioli</a>, wat uiteindelik in die alveoli open. Die wande van die <a href="/wiki/Alveolaar" title="Alveolaar">alveoli</a> is uit klein, dunwandige selle opgebou. Die haarvate lê direk teenaan hierdie selle, wat die gasuitruilingsfunksie baie doeltreffend maak. Oor die algemeen praat mens van ŉ sirkulasiestelsel, maar in werklikheid het soogdiere, insluitende die mens, 2 afsonderlike sirkulasies (bloedsomlope), elkeen met sy eie stel arteries, venes en kapillêres, naamlik die pulmonêre en die -sistemiese sirkulasie. Die pulmonêre sirkulasie is die "kort roete" van die hart na die longe en terug na die hart. </p><p>Die sistemiese sirkulasie bestaan uit 'n aantal vertakte vate wat die hele liggaam voorsien. Beide roetes begin en eindig in die hart, maar daar is geen vermenging tussen die 2 nie: die pulmonêre sirkulasieroete begin by die regterventrikel, gaan dan na die longe en terug na die linkeratrium, terwyl die sistemiese sirkulasie van die linkerventrikel af deur die liggaam na die regteratrium terugloop. </p><p>Arterieë van die pulmonêre sirkulasie dra gedeoksigineerde (suurstofarme) bloed na die longe, waar uitruiling van gasse in die kapillêre netwerk rondom die alveoli plaasvind; die venes dra die geoksigineerde (suurstofryke) bloed dan terug na die hart. Die arteriële deel van die pulmonêre sirkulasie begin by die regterventrikel, wat <a href="/wiki/Bloed" title="Bloed">bloed</a> in die groot pulmonêre trunkus inpomp. </p><p>Hierdie groot arterie lê voor die aorta en loop vir sowat 8 cm diagonaal na links voordat dit in 2 ewe groot takke, die linker- en regterpulmonêre arteries, vertak. Hierdie arteries loop na die ooreenstemmende long. Daar vertak die regterpulmonêre arterie in 3 lobulêre takke, een na elke long lob; die linker- pulmonêre arterie het 2 takke (een na elke long lob) wat die twee linkerlobbe voorsien. Elkeen van hierdie takke vertak en hervertak totdat dit in kapillêre pleksusse in die wande van die alveoli verval. Dit is hier waar gasuitruiling (suurstofopname) plaasvind. </p><p>Die kapillêres verenig in venules en hulle verenig weer in venes; elke long stuur 2 pulmonêre venes na die linkeratrium van die hart, waar die pulmonêre sirkulasie voltooi word. Die longe word bedek deur ŉ tweelagige sereuse vlies wat die pleura (Iongvlies) genoem word. Die binneste laag is dig teen die longe geleë en staan as die visserale pleura bekend, terwyl die buitenste laag, wat as die pariëtale pleura bekend is, aan die binne-oppervlak van die borswand, die diafragma en die laterale deel van die mediastinum (die spasie tussen die longe wat die <a href="/wiki/Hart" title="Hart">hart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bloedvat" title="Bloedvat">bloedvate</a>, tragea, oesofagus, limfatiese weefsel en <a href="/wiki/Limfvatstelsel" title="Limfvatstelsel">limfvate</a> bevat) lê. </p><p>Tussen die 2 lae is 'n ruimte wat met 'n sereuse vloeistof gevul is om wrywing te voorkom. Die <a href="/wiki/Diafragmagetal" class="mw-redirect" title="Diafragmagetal">diafragma</a> is 'n spierplaat wat as 'n skeidingswand tussen die bors- en buikholte dien en die liggaamsdeel is vir die asemhalingsbewegings verantwoordelik. Die diafragma bestaan uit 'n sentrale bindweefselplaat (die sentrale tendon), waaraan verskeie spiervesels geheg is wat skuins na die werwels, ribbes en die punt van die sternum (<a href="/wiki/Borsbeen" title="Borsbeen">borsbeen</a>) loop. </p><p>Wanneer hierdie spiervesels saamtrek, beweeg die diafragma na onder, die borskasholte vergroot en die longe word vol lug gesuig (inaseming of inspirasie). Tydens hierdie proses word die diafragma bygestaan deur spiere wat in die nek geleë is, asook deur die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tussenribspiere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tussenribspiere (bladsy bestaan nie)">tussenribspiere</a> wat die borskas opwaarts trek en sodoende vergroot. Wanneer die spiere verslap, vind uitaseming (ekspirasie) plaas. </p><p>Die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longweefsel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longweefsel (bladsy bestaan nie)">longweefsel</a> bevat baie elastiese vesels, wat meebring dat die borskas- en buikwand terugveer. Tydens moeilike of geforseerde asemhaling help die borsspiere by inaseming, terwyl die buikspiere vir uitaseming verantwoordelik is. Normale asemhaling (respirasie) is 'n outomatiese proses en die ritme word deur die asemhalingsentrum in die verlengde rugmurg bepaal. Longbelugting is nooit volledig nie; ongeveer een vyfde van die totale hoeveelheid lug bly in die longe agter, al word daar ook gepoog om alle lug uit te blaas. Diep en langsame asemteue is meer bevorderlik as vinnige en oppervlakkige asemhaling. </p><p>Tydens 'n mediese ondersoek (longfunksie-ondersoek) kan ŉ beter beeld van die longbelugting en gasuitruiling verkry word. Om vas te stel hoeveel lug uitgeasem word, kan die vitale kapasiteit gemeet word, dit wil sê die grootste hoeveelheid lug wat na 'n maksimale inspirasie uitgeasem kan word. Die gemiddelde normale waarde is 4,6 liter. Die tempo waarin bogenoemde plaasvind, kan bepaal en uitgedruk word as die waarde van Tiffeneau. </p><p>By volwassenes behoort hierdie syfer minstens 70 % van die vitale kapasiteit te beloop. Hierdie waarde gee 'n indruk van die elastisiteit van die longweefsel. Die betroubaarste waarde wat hiervoor verkry kan word, is wanneer die verhouding tussen die volumeverandering en die drukverandering in die borskas bepaal word. Dit word gedoen deur die <a href="/wiki/Diffusie" title="Diffusie">diffusie</a> van suurstof en koolsuurgas te bel emmer, Die diffusie van suurstof word die meeste beïnvloed, terwyl die diffusie van <a href="/wiki/Koolsuurgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Koolsuurgas">koolsuurgas</a> (wat in hoeveelheid 20 maal meer is) minder beïnvloed word. </p><p>Die diffusie word dan ook gemeet en uitgedruk aan die hand van die suurstofspanningswaarde (normale waarde 10 – 13 X 10<sup>3</sup> Pa = 75-100mm kwikdruk) of die suurstofversadigingswaarde (normale waarde 95-99 %) van die bloed. Bloed speel tydens gaswisseling ook 'n belangrike rol; die snelheid waarmee die bloed deur die lange vloei, die verdeling van die bloed in die longweefsel en die hoeveelheid eritrosiete (<a href="/wiki/Rooibloedsel" title="Rooibloedsel">rooi bloedselle</a>) is van belang. As gevolg van long- en hartsiektes kan die bloedvloei deur die longe beperk word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligging">Ligging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Ligging" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Ligging"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die longe is binne-in die borskas geleë en word deur die benerige struktuur van die <a href="/wiki/Ribbekas" title="Ribbekas">ribbekas</a> beskerm en omvou deur 'n dubbelwandige longvlies wat die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleura (bladsy bestaan nie)">pleura</a> genoem word. Die binneste laag van die vlies kleef aan die buitekant van die longe en die buitenste laag is aan die muur van die borskas verbind. Die twee lae word geskei deur 'n dun spasie wat die <a href="/wiki/Borsholte" title="Borsholte">borsholte</a> genoem word en is met pleurale vloeistof gevul; dit maak dit moontlik vir die binneste en buitenste lae om oormekaar te gly en verhoed dat hulle maklik geskei word. Die linkerlong is kleiner as die regterlong om plek te maak vir die hart. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voëllonge"><span id="Vo.C3.ABllonge"></span>Voëllonge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Voëllonge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Voëllonge"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vo%C3%ABl" title="Voël">Voëls</a> het 'n komplekse dog hoogs effektiewe dwarsstroom uitruilstelsel in hulle longe met gepaardgaande longsakke om die vloei van gas daardeur te beheer. </p><p>Daar is 'n noemenswaardige verskil tussen die longe van voëls en dié van soogdiere. Bo en behalwe die longe het voëls voorste en agterste sakke (tipies nege daarvan) waardeur die lugvloei deur die longe beheer word maar self speel hulle geen direkte rol in die uitruiling van gasse nie. Dit is 'n deurvloei asemhalingstelsel. </p><p>Wanneer 'n voël asemhaal, vloei lug deur die trachea na die agterste lugsakke toe terwyl die lug wat op daardie stadium in die longe is, na die voorste lugsakke vloei. Wanneer die voël uitasem word die vars lug in die agterste lugsakke in die long ingestoot en die gebruikte lug wat in die voorste sakke is word dan deur die trachea na die atmosfeer uitgelaat. Twee volledige siklusse van in- en uitasem is daarom nodig om een teug lug deur die voël se asemhalingstelsel te laat beweeg. </p><p>Voëllonge het nie alveoli soos soogdierlonge nie, maar bevat miljoene klein gange wat bekend staan as parabronchi wat aan elke kant deur die dorsobronchi en ventrobronchi verbind is. Lug vloei deur die heuningkoekmuur van die parabronchi en in die kapillêre bloedvaatjies in, waar suurstof en koolstofdioksied deur middel van diffusie uitgeruil word oor dwarsvloeiende bloedvate. </p><p>Die doel van hierdie komplekse stelsel van lugsakke is om te verseker dat die lugvloei deur die voëllong altyd in dieselfde rigting plaasvind – van agter na voor. Dit is in teenstelling met die soogdier se asemhalingstelsel, waar die rigting van die lugvloei omkeer tydens in- en uitaseming. Deur gebruik te maak van eenrigtinglugvloei kan voëllonge groter hoeveelheid suurstof uit die ingeademde lug onttrek. Voëls kan dus op hoogtes vlieg waar soogdiere aan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipoksie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipoksie (bladsy bestaan nie)">hipoksie</a> (suurstofarmoede) sou beswyk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reptiel-longe">Reptiel-longe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Reptiel-longe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Reptiel-longe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reptiellonge word tipies deur 'n kombinasie van uitsetting en sametrekking van die ribbe deur die aksiale spiere en die pomp van die wangholte, geventileer. Krokodilagtiges maak ook staat op die hepatiese suigingsmetode, waardeur die lewer deur 'n spier wat aan die skaambeen (deel van die bekken) geheg is, teruggetrek word, wat dan op sy beurt die onderste deel van die longe terugtrek en hulle sodoende laat uitsit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amfibiese_longe">Amfibiese longe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Amfibiese longe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Amfibiese longe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die longe van die meeste <a href="/wiki/Padda" title="Padda">paddas</a> en ander <a href="/wiki/Amfibie%C3%AB" title="Amfibieë">amfibieë</a> is eenvoudige ballonagtige strukture, met die uitruiling van gasse wat uitsluitlik op die oppervlak van die long plaasvind. Dit is nie 'n baie effektiewe samestelling nie, maar amfibieë het lae metaboliese behoeftes en vul dikwels ook hulle suurstofvoorraad met behulp van diffusie deur die vogtige velle van hulle liggame aan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spinagtiges_se_longe">Spinagtiges se longe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Spinagtiges se longe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Spinagtiges se longe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Spinnekop" title="Spinnekop">Spinnekoppe</a> het strukture wat <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boeklong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boeklong (bladsy bestaan nie)">boeklonge</a></i> genoem word, wat nie ewolusionêr verwantskappe met die gewerweldes se longe toon nie maar dien 'n soortgelyke respiratoriese funksie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Longsiektes">Longsiektes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Longsiektes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Longsiektes"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bykomstig tot lugweginfeksies en die gepaardgaande komplikasies, bestaan daar 'n aantal minder ernstige longsiektes soos pneumo-toraks, asook 'n aantal veel ernstiger longsiektes soos longkanker en respiratoriese insuffisiënsie. Die simptome van lugweginfeksies en longsiektes is nie baie spesifiek nie, en is moeilik by die verskiltende siektebeelde onderskeibaar; in ŉ groot mate bemoeilik dit die diagnosering van 'n bepaalde siekte. </p><p>Oor die algemeen beïnvloed alle longsiektes die longfunksie, met gevolglike kortasemheid (dispnee), wat by alle longsiektes opgemerk word. Kortasemheid kan tydens rus of tydens inspanning voorkom; dit kan permanent aanwesig wees of slegs tydens aanvalle van <a href="/wiki/Brongitis" title="Brongitis">brongitis</a> en <a href="/wiki/Asma" title="Asma">asma</a> opgemerk word. In hierdie geval is dit veral die ekspirasie (uitaseming) wat belemmer word. Dit duur langer en gaan met 'n fluit- of piepgeluid gepaard. </p><p>Wanneer die longfunksie erg belemmer is, word die uitruiling van koolsuurgas in verhouding tot <a href="/wiki/Suurstof" title="Suurstof">suurstof</a> beïnvloed en 'n tekort aan suurstof in die bloed kan gevolglik ontstaan. Die normale rosige velkleur verdwyn en word met 'n blou kleur vervang (sianose). 'n Hoes kan ook op 'n longsiekte dui. 'n Nie-produktiewe hoes, dit wil sê waar geen slym opgehoes word nie, word 'n prikkelende hoes genoem. Die oorsaak is gewoonlik die ontsteking van die keel of tragea. </p><p>'n Prikkelende hoes kan ontstaan wanneer daar 'n blokkering deur ŉ vreemde voorwerp of 'n <a href="/wiki/Gewas_(medies)" title="Gewas (medies)">gewas</a> iewers in die brongioli is. Tydens 'n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugweginfeksie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lugweginfeksie (bladsy bestaan nie)">lugweginfeksie</a> is daar gewoonlik 'n produktiewe hoes aanwesig. Die opgehoesde speeksel bestaan uit slym, wat veral by asma soms taai en draderig kan wees en die oorsaak van die benoude gevoel is. Tydens sommige siektes kan daar bloed en etter in die speeksel teenwoordig wees. Dit kom voor tydens die ontsteking van die brongusslymvlies asook tydens tuberkulose. </p><p>Pyn in die bors kom voor by asma, chroniese brongitis en tydens longontsteking waarby die pleura betrokke is. Die geneesheer kan veranderings in die longe opspoor wanneer hy die organe met behulp van 'n stetoskoop ondersoek. Deur gebruik te maak van ‘n röntgenondersoek van die borskas (borskasfoto, toraksfoto) kan veranderinge in die struktuur van die longe of ŉ gedeelte daarvan aangetoon word. Die brongioli kan ook tydens ŉ ondersoek, wat op ŉ inname van ŉ kontrasstof volg, duidelik sigbaar gemaak word. Hierdie tegniek staan as brongografie bekend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komplikasies_van_lugweginfeksies">Komplikasies van lugweginfeksies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Komplikasies van lugweginfeksies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Komplikasies van lugweginfeksies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ontsteekte longweefsel is normaalweg die gevolg van 'n lugweginfeksie (byvoorbeeld brongitis) wat na die alveoli uitgebrei het. Die longontsteking kan as gevolg van bakterieë of virusse ontstaan, en soms hou dit met tuberkulose verband. Brongitis en longontsteking kan ongekompliseerd verloop en na behandeling met ‘n antibiotikum heeltemal genees. Tog kan daar ook ernstige beskadiging van die longweefsel wees 'n longabses kan ontstaan met <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etter (bladsy bestaan nie)">etter</a> wat in die long ophoop, omring deur 'n bindweefselkapsel. </p><p>Die pasiënt se speeksel kan met etter en bloed gemeng wees. Absesvorming gaan gewoonlik met koors, hoes, asemnood en sianose gepaard. Die behandeling van longontsteking met antibiotika is vir die laer voorkomssyfer van absesvorming verantwoordelik. So 'n <a href="/wiki/Abses" title="Abses">abses</a> word ook met behulp van antibiotika behandel en skakel chirurgie gewoonlik uit. Brongiëktase is die verwyding van 'n brongus wat as gevolg van ontsteking ontstaan. Soms is daar geen simptome merkbaar nie, terwyl daar in ander gevalle weer hoesbuie met bloed in die speeksel kan voorkom of die pasiënt braak selfs bloed. </p><p>In ernstige gevalle kan groot hoeveelhede speeksel geproduseer word en is koors teenwoordig. Ten slotte kan kortasemheid of sianose intree. Die siektetoestand kan maklik met behulp van ŉ röntgenondersoek (brongografie) gediagnoseer word. Behandeling bestaan uit die gebruik van 'n antibiotikum en die losmaking van die ontstekingsprodukte. Chirurgiese verwydering van die aangetaste dele is dikwels die enigste manier waarop die siektetoestand suksesvol opgeklaar kan word. </p><p>Pleuritis (borsvliesontsteking) kan 'n komplikasie van 'n lugweginfeksie wees. Daar word tussen droë pleuritis (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleuritis_sicca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleuritis sicca (bladsy bestaan nie)">pleuritis sicca</a>) en nat pleuritis (pleuritis exsudativa, waar vog in die pleura ophoop) onderskei. Deur uitgebreide longontsteking kan die longvlies ook ontsteek raak. Ontsteking kan verder deur die afsterwe van 'n stuk longweefsel (byvoorbeeld na ŉ longembolus) of deur 'n gewas veroorsaak word. Pleuritis kan ook as gevolg van baie ander siektes (buite die borskas) ontstaan. </p><p>Die belangrikste simptoom van pleuritis is 'n steekpyn wat tydens sug en hoes erger word. Die pyn ontstaan as gevolg van die wrywing en oormekaarskuur van die ontsteekte lae van die pleura. ŉ Geneesheer kan die skuurgeluide met behulp van 'n stetoskoop hoor, en deur die borskas te klop en te luister of daar dowwe geluide hoorbaar is, kan nat pleuritis met vogophoping bevestig word. ŉ Borskasfoto moet geneem word om die oorsake (longontsteking, gewas, <a href="/wiki/Embolisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Embolisme">embolus</a>) te bepaal sodat behandeling kan volg. Die ontstekingsvog kan opgesuig word met behulp van 'n dun naald wat tussen die ribbes deur tot in die pleura gesteek word. Hierdie proses staan as pleura-punksie bekend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ander_longsiektes">Ander longsiektes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Ander longsiektes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Ander longsiektes"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tydens die siektetoestand pneumotoraks kom daar lug in plaas van sereuse vog tussen die visserale en pariëtale lae van die pleura voor. 'n Pneumotoraks ontstaan gewoonlik spontaan en hierdie toestand hoef nie noodwendig deur een of ander longsiekte voorafgegaan te word nie; dit kom veral by jong volwassenes voor. Tog kan pneumotoraks ook na 'n longsiekte soos chroniese brongitis ontstaan, en ook na die beskadiging van die borskaswand of die longe, waar tug die pleurale holte of van buite, of van binne die longe bereik. </p><p>Die pasiënt kla gewoonlik van ŉ akute pyn in die toraks en 'n toenemende benoudheid; soms kan ŉ sianotiese toestand ook ontstaan. 'n Gevaarlike komplikasie is spanningspneumotoraks. Die druk in die pleurale holte word verhoog, die hart kan na lateraal verplaas word en sodoende die bloedsomloop belemmer, en dit kan meebring dat die pasiënt sterf. In minder ernstige gevalle word 'n pynstillende middel en rus in die bed voorgeskryf. </p><p>Die lug word dan geleidelik deur die liggaamsweefsels opgeneem en die long kan weer herstel. By groot en ernstige gevalle van pneumotoraks kan die lug met behulp van 'n naald uit die pleurale holte gesuig word. Tydens spanningspneumotoraks moet die lug aktief uitgesuig word om die pasiënt se lewe te red. As gevolg van langdurige blootstelling aan skadelike stowwe word daar bindweefsel in die longblasies gevorm (longfibrose). Na jare begin die pasiënt van kortasemheid tydens inspanning, 'n prikkelende hoes en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sianose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sianose (bladsy bestaan nie)">sianose</a> kla. </p><p>As die pasiënt stofsoorte ingeasem het, word van hierdie toestand as 'n stoflongsiekte (pneumokoniose) gepraat. 'n Voorbeeld hiervan is mynwerkers wat <a href="/wiki/Silikondioksied" title="Silikondioksied">silikondioksied</a> inasem. 'n Ander siektetoestand wat by mynwerkers voorkom maar wat nie met longfibrose gepaard gaan nie, is antrakose; hier word koolstof ingeasem. By mynwerkers wat <a href="/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof">koolstof</a> inasem, kan antrakosilikose ook voorkom. Longfibrose lei tot ernstig versteurde longfunksies (respiratoriese insuffisiënsie). </p><p>In die moderne Westerse lande kom bronguskarsinoom (bronguskanker) en longkanker in toenemende mate voor. Dit is ŉ kwaadaardige gewas wat in die brongusslymvlies ontstaan. Daar is verskeie tipes bronguskarsinome en die indeling berus op die tipe sel in die brongus wat kwaadaardig word. Plaveiselkarsinoom (plaveiselselle van die bronguswand) en ongedifferensieerde kleinselkarsinoom (selle van geen spesifieke vorm nie) kom veral by mans voor, en word hoofsaaklik deur skadelike stowwe in die ingeasemde lug (tabakrook, lugafvalstowwe) veroorsaak. </p><p>Ongedifferensieerde grootselkarsinoom en adenokarsinoom (selle met ŉ klierstruktuur) kom in gelyke mate by mans en vroue voor. Die oorsake van laasgenoemde twee karsinome is nog nie ten volle verklaar nie. Die beginstadia van longkanker toon geen simptome nie. Enige afwyking kan in hierdie stadium net deur 'n röntgenondersoek aangetoon word. Later kan ŉ prikkelende hoes met bloed in die speeksel voorkom. Die pasiënt kan pyn in die bors ondervind en gewigsverlies kan volg. </p><p>Longontsteking, spontane pneumotoraks en pleuritis is selde een van die komplikasies. Metastases (uitsaaiinge, verspreiding) van die kankertoestand kom veral in die lewer, brein, werwels, niere en byniere voor. In hierdie stadium is die chirurgiese verwydering van die hele gewas die geskikste behandeling. Indien chirurgie nie meer moontlik is nie, is bestraling en behandeling met geneesmiddels wat seldeling vertraag, die enigste alternatief. </p><p>Met laasgenoemde metodes word die siekteproses slegs vertraag. Die staking van die rookgewoonte kan die moontlikheid dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longkanker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longkanker (bladsy bestaan nie)">longkanker</a> opgedoen word, aansienlik verminder. Verskeie longsiektes kan die longfunksie so ernstig versteur dat dit nie meer moontlik is om ŉ voldoende hoe suurstofspanning in die bloed te handhaaf nie. Gevolglik sal die liggaamsweefsels nie genoeg suurstof kry nie, en hierdie toestand staan as respiratoriese insuffisiënsie bekend. </p><p>Die oorsake kan binne die long self wees, byvoorbeeld as ŉ gedeelte van die long beskadig is of as die vervoer deur die wande van die alveoli en longhaarvate belemmer is. Die oorsake kan ook van buite die long afkomstig wees, soos wanneer daar: 'n steun is in die asemhalingsentrum in die <a href="/wiki/Brein" title="Brein">brein</a> is, of wanneer die asemhalingspiere of die diafragma verlam is. Behandeling van respiratoriese insuffisiënsie geskied deur die verhoging van die suurstofgehalte in die bloed (en dus in die weefsels). </p><p>Suurstof word deur middel van ŉ suurstofmasker oor die <a href="/wiki/Neus" title="Neus">neus</a> en <a href="/wiki/Mond" title="Mond">mond</a> toegedien. By <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chroniese_brongitis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chroniese brongitis (bladsy bestaan nie)">chroniese brongitis</a> word die slym uit die lugweë losgeklop of uitgesuig. Geneesmiddels kan ook voorgeskryf word om die asemhalingsentrum te stimuleer. In noodgevalle kan kunsmatige asemhaling toegepas word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldspektrum" title="Wêreldspektrum">Wêreldspektrum</a>, 1982, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0908409583" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0908409583</a> volume 17, bl. 108</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Long&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leeds.ac.uk/chb/lectures/anatomy7.html">Dr D.R. Johnson: Introductory anatomy, respiratory system</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/respiration.html">Franlink Institute Online: The Respiratory System</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020208190531/http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/systems/respiration.html">Geargiveer</a> 8 Februarie 2002 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lungsonline.com/">Lungs OnLine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3951797.stm">Lungs 'best in late afternoon'</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932850q">cb11932850q</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932850q">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4036651-0">4036651-0</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85078891">sh85078891</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10646920">10646920</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562831">00562831</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph124139&CON_LNG=ENG">ph124139</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terminologia_Anatomica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terminologia Anatomica (bladsy bestaan nie)">TA98</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url/?p=1323&url_prefix=https:%2F%2Fwww.unifr.ch%2Fifaa%2FPublic%2FEntryPage%2FTA98%20Tree%2FEntity%20TA98%20EN%2F&url_suffix=%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm&id=A06.5.01.001">A06.5.01.001</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Long&oldid=2702035">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Long&oldid=2702035</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Asemhalingstelsel" title="Kategorie:Asemhalingstelsel">Asemhalingstelsel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Organe" title="Kategorie:Organe">Organe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Bors" title="Kategorie:Bors">Bors</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_BNF-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders">Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_GND-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met GND-identifiseerders">Artikels met GND-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_LCCN-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders">Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NARA-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders">Artikels met NARA-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NDL-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders">Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NKC-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders">Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_TA98-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met TA98-identifiseerders">Artikels met TA98-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Normdata_met_7_elemente" title="Kategorie:Normdata met 7 elemente">Normdata met 7 elemente</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Kategorie:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 2 Oktober 2024 om 18:08 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. Aanvullende voorwaardes kan moontlik ook van toepassing wees. Sien die <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Algemene Voorwaardes</a> vir meer inligting.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privaatheidsbeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oor">Inligting oor Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Voorwaardes">Vrywaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragskode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/af.wikipedia.org">Statistieke</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Koekieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Long&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Selfoonweergawe</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Long</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>171 tale</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nuwe onderwerp</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-67db76d8d7-mhxb4","wgBackendResponseTime":112,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.096","walltime":"0.192","ppvisitednodes":{"value":192,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":6303,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":221,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 72.996 1 -total"," 92.89% 67.808 1 Sjabloon:Normdata"," 7.03% 5.129 1 Sjabloon:Webarchive"," 4.10% 2.993 1 Sjabloon:Date"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.037","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1303511,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5886496d-p8wbf","timestamp":"20250314015505","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Long","url":"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Long","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7886","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7886","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-07-11T14:36:28Z","dateModified":"2024-10-02T18:08:09Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e6\/Heart-and-lungs.jpg","headline":"Orgaan wat deel uitmaak van die asemhalingstelsel"}</script> </body> </html>