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entropy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fuzzy entropy"> <meta name="keywords" content="fuzzy entropy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fuzzy entropy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1041</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fuzzy entropy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1041</span> Decision Making Approach through Generalized Fuzzy Entropy Measure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Arora">H. D. Arora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anjali%20Dhiman"> Anjali Dhiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uncertainty is found everywhere and its understanding is central to decision making. Uncertainty emerges as one has less information than the total information required describing a system and its environment. Uncertainty and information are so closely associated that the information provided by an experiment for example, is equal to the amount of uncertainty removed. It may be pertinent to point out that uncertainty manifests itself in several forms and various kinds of uncertainties may arise from random fluctuations, incomplete information, imprecise perception, vagueness etc. For instance, one encounters uncertainty due to vagueness in communication through natural language. Uncertainty in this sense is represented by fuzziness resulting from imprecision of meaning of a concept expressed by linguistic terms. Fuzzy set concept provides an appropriate mathematical framework for dealing with the vagueness. Both information theory, proposed by Shannon (1948) and fuzzy set theory given by Zadeh (1965) plays an important role in human intelligence and various practical problems such as image segmentation, medical diagnosis etc. Numerous approaches and theories dealing with inaccuracy and uncertainty have been proposed by different researcher. In the present communication, we generalize fuzzy entropy proposed by De Luca and Termini (1972) corresponding to Shannon entropy(1948). Further, some of the basic properties of the proposed measure were examined. We also applied the proposed measure to the real life decision making problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20sets" title=" fuzzy sets"> fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy" title=" fuzzy entropy"> fuzzy entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20fuzzy%20entropy" title=" generalized fuzzy entropy"> generalized fuzzy entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26513/decision-making-approach-through-generalized-fuzzy-entropy-measure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1040</span> Fuzzy Logic Modeling of Evaluation the Urban Skylines by the Entropy Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Oral">Murat Oral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seda%20Bostanc%C4%B1"> Seda Bostancı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sad%C4%B1k%20Ata"> Sadık Ata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevser%20Dincer"> Kevser Dincer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When evaluating the aesthetics of cities, an analysis of the urban form development depending on design properties with a variety of factors is performed together with a study of the effects of this appearance on human beings. Different methods are used while making an aesthetical evaluation related to a city. Entropy, in its preliminary meaning, is the mathematical representation of thermodynamic results. Measuring the entropy is related to the distribution of positional figures of a message or information from the probabilities standpoint. In this study, analysis of evaluation the urban skylines by the entropy approach was modelled with Rule-Based Mamdani-Type Fuzzy (RBMTF) modelling technique. Input-output parameters were described by RBMTF if-then rules. Numerical parameters of input and output variables were fuzzificated as linguistic variables: Very Very Low (L1), Very Low (L2), Low (L3), Negative Medium (L4), Medium (L5), Positive Medium (L6), High (L7), Very High (L8) and Very Very High (L9) linguistic classes. The comparison between application data and RBMTF is done by using absolute fraction of variance (R2). The actual values and RBMTF results indicated that RBMTF can be successfully used for the analysis of evaluation the urban skylines by the entropy approach. As a result, RBMTF model has shown satisfying relation with experimental results, which suggests an alternative method to evaluation of the urban skylines by the entropy approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20skylines" title="urban skylines">urban skylines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule-based%20Mamdani%20type" title=" rule-based Mamdani type"> rule-based Mamdani type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57937/fuzzy-logic-modeling-of-evaluation-the-urban-skylines-by-the-entropy-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1039</span> Optimized and Secured Digital Watermarking Using Fuzzy Entropy, Bezier Curve and Visual Cryptography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore">R. Rama Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunesh"> Sunesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent development in the usage of internet for different purposes creates a great threat for the copyright protection of the digital images. Digital watermarking can be used to address the problem. This paper presents detailed review of the different watermarking techniques, latest trends in the field of secured, robust and imperceptible watermarking. It also discusses the different optimization techniques used in the field of watermarking in order to improve the robustness and imperceptibility of the method. Different measures are discussed to evaluate the performance of the watermarking algorithm. At the end, this paper proposes a watermarking algorithm using (2, 2) share visual cryptography and Bezier curve based algorithm to improve the security of the watermark. The proposed method uses fractional transformation to improve the robustness of the copyright protection of the method. The algorithm is optimized using fuzzy entropy for better results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title="digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20transform" title=" fractional transform"> fractional transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20cryptography" title=" visual cryptography"> visual cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bezier%20curve" title=" Bezier curve"> Bezier curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy" title=" fuzzy entropy"> fuzzy entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89843/optimized-and-secured-digital-watermarking-using-fuzzy-entropy-bezier-curve-and-visual-cryptography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1038</span> Rényi Entropy Correction to Expanding Universe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Fazlollahi">Hamidreza Fazlollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Re ́nyi entropy comprises a group of data estimates that sums up the well-known Shannon entropy, acquiring a considerable lot of its properties. It appears as unqualified and restrictive entropy, relative entropy, or common data, and has found numerous applications in information theory. In the Re ́nyi’s argument, the area law of the black hole entropy plays a significant role. However, the total entropy can be modified by some quantum effects, motivated by the randomness of a system. In this note, by employing this modified entropy relation, we have derived corrections to Friedmann equations. Taking this entropy associated with the apparent horizon of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe and assuming the first law of thermodynamics, dE=T_A (dS)_A+WdV, satisfies the apparent horizon, we have reconsidered expanding Universe. Also, the second thermodynamics law has been examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Friedmann%20equations" title="Friedmann equations">Friedmann equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20energy" title=" dark energy"> dark energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first%20law%20of%20thermodynamics" title=" first law of thermodynamics"> first law of thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reyni%20entropy" title=" Reyni entropy"> Reyni entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164326/renyi-entropy-correction-to-expanding-universe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1037</span> On q-Non-extensive Statistics with Non-Tsallisian Entropy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20Jizba">Petr Jizba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Korbel"> Jan Korbel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We combine an axiomatics of Rényi with the q-deformed version of Khinchin axioms to obtain a measure of information (i.e., entropy) which accounts both for systems with embedded self-similarity and non-extensivity. We show that the entropy thus obtained is uniquely solved in terms of a one-parameter family of information measures. The ensuing maximal-entropy distribution is phrased in terms of a special function known as the Lambert W-function. We analyze the corresponding ‘high’ and ‘low-temperature’ asymptotics and reveal a non-trivial structure of the parameter space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multifractals" title="multifractals">multifractals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%C3%A9nyi%20information%20entropy" title=" Rényi information entropy"> Rényi information entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THC%20entropy" title=" THC entropy"> THC entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MaxEnt" title=" MaxEnt"> MaxEnt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy-tailed%20distributions" title=" heavy-tailed distributions"> heavy-tailed distributions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36758/on-q-non-extensive-statistics-with-non-tsallisian-entropy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1036</span> Fuzzy Ideal Topological Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Koam">Ali Koam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Ibedou"> Ismail Ibedou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20E.%20Abbas"> S. E. Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, it is introduced the notion of r-fuzzy ideal separation axioms Tᵢi = 0; 1; 2 based on a fuzzy ideal I on a fuzzy topological space (X; τ). An r-fuzzy ideal connectedness related to the fuzzy ideal I is introduced which has relations with a previous r-fuzzy fuzzy connectedness. An r-fuzzy ideal compactness related to Ι is introduced which has also relations with many other types of fuzzy compactness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20ideal" title="fuzzy ideal">fuzzy ideal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20separation%20axioms" title=" fuzzy separation axioms"> fuzzy separation axioms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20compactness" title=" fuzzy compactness"> fuzzy compactness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20connectedness" title=" fuzzy connectedness"> fuzzy connectedness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101746/fuzzy-ideal-topological-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1035</span> Entropy Measures on Neutrosophic Soft Sets and Its Application in Multi Attribute Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Arockiarani">I. Arockiarani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The focus of the paper is to furnish the entropy measure for a neutrosophic set and neutrosophic soft set which is a measure of uncertainty and it permeates discourse and system. Various characterization of entropy measures are derived. Further we exemplify this concept by applying entropy in various real time decision making problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20measure" title="entropy measure">entropy measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hausdorff%20distance" title=" Hausdorff distance"> Hausdorff distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrosophic%20set" title=" neutrosophic set"> neutrosophic set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20set" title=" soft set"> soft set</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58101/entropy-measures-on-neutrosophic-soft-sets-and-its-application-in-multi-attribute-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1034</span> Extended Intuitionistic Fuzzy VIKOR Method in Group Decision Making: The Case of Vendor Selection Decision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Hajiheydari">Nastaran Hajiheydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Soltani%20Delgosha"> Mohammad Soltani Delgosha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vendor (supplier) selection is a group decision-making (GDM) process, in which, based on some predetermined criteria, the experts’ preferences are provided in order to rank and choose the most desirable suppliers. In the real business environment, our attitudes or our choices would be made in an uncertain and indecisive situation could not be expressed in a crisp framework. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) could handle such situations in the best way. VIKOR method was developed to solve multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. This method, which is used to determine the compromised feasible solution with respect to the conflicting criteria, introduces a multi-criteria ranking index based on the particular measure of 'closeness' to the 'ideal solution'. Until now, there has been a little investigation of VIKOR with IFS, therefore we extended the intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) VIKOR to solve vendor selection problem under IF GDM environment. The present study intends to develop an IF VIKOR method in a GDM situation. Therefore, a model is presented to calculate the criterion weights based on entropy measure. Then, the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted geometric (IFWG) operator utilized to obtain the total decision matrix. In the next stage, an approach based on the positive idle intuitionistic fuzzy number (PIIFN) and negative idle intuitionistic fuzzy number (NIIFN) was developed. Finally, the application of the proposed method to solve a vendor selection problem illustrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision%20making" title="group decision making">group decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intuitionistic%20fuzzy%20set" title=" intuitionistic fuzzy set"> intuitionistic fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intuitionistic%20fuzzy%20entropy%20measure" title=" intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure"> intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vendor%20selection" title=" vendor selection"> vendor selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VIKOR" title=" VIKOR"> VIKOR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95995/extended-intuitionistic-fuzzy-vikor-method-in-group-decision-making-the-case-of-vendor-selection-decision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1033</span> A Relative Entropy Regularization Approach for Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouafa%20Amira">Ouafa Amira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiangshe%20Zhang"> Jiangshe Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning technique; its aim is to extract the data structures, in which similar data objects are grouped in the same cluster, whereas dissimilar objects are grouped in different clusters. Clustering methods are widely utilized in different fields, such as: image processing, computer vision , and pattern recognition, etc. Fuzzy c-means clustering (fcm) is one of the most well known fuzzy clustering methods. It is based on solving an optimization problem, in which a minimization of a given cost function has been studied. This minimization aims to decrease the dissimilarity inside clusters, where the dissimilarity here is measured by the distances between data objects and cluster centers. The degree of belonging of a data point in a cluster is measured by a membership function which is included in the interval [0, 1]. In fcm clustering, the membership degree is constrained with the condition that the sum of a data object’s memberships in all clusters must be equal to one. This constraint can cause several problems, specially when our data objects are included in a noisy space. Regularization approach took a part in fuzzy c-means clustering technique. This process introduces an additional information in order to solve an ill-posed optimization problem. In this study, we focus on regularization by relative entropy approach, where in our optimization problem we aim to minimize the dissimilarity inside clusters. Finding an appropriate membership degree to each data object is our objective, because an appropriate membership degree leads to an accurate clustering result. Our clustering results in synthetic data sets, gaussian based data sets, and real world data sets show that our proposed model achieves a good accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title="clustering">clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20c-means" title=" fuzzy c-means"> fuzzy c-means</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regularization" title=" regularization"> regularization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20entropy" title=" relative entropy"> relative entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96361/a-relative-entropy-regularization-approach-for-fuzzy-c-means-clustering-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1032</span> On the Topological Entropy of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graziano%20Chesi">Graziano Chesi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topological entropy plays a key role in linear dynamical systems, allowing one to establish the existence of stabilizing feedback controllers for linear systems in the presence of communications constraints. This paper addresses the determination of a robust value of the topological entropy in nonlinear dynamical systems, specifically the largest value of the topological entropy over all linearized models in a region of interest of the state space. It is shown that a sufficient condition for establishing upper bounds of the sought robust value of the topological entropy can be given in terms of a semidefinite program (SDP), which belongs to the class of convex optimization problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20system" title="non-linear system">non-linear system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20constraint" title=" communication constraint"> communication constraint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20entropy" title=" topological entropy"> topological entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45742/on-the-topological-entropy-of-nonlinear-dynamical-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1031</span> Linear Study of Electrostatic Ion Temperature Gradient Mode with Entropy Gradient Drift and Sheared Ion Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yaqub%20Khan">M. Yaqub Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Shabbir"> Usman Shabbir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> History of plasma reveals that continuous struggle of experimentalists and theorists are not fruitful for confinement up to now. It needs a change to bring the research through entropy. Approximately, all the quantities like number density, temperature, electrostatic potential, etc. are connected to entropy. Therefore, it is better to change the way of research. In ion temperature gradient mode with the help of Braginskii model, Boltzmannian electrons, effect of velocity shear is studied inculcating entropy in the magnetoplasma. New dispersion relation is derived for ion temperature gradient mode, and dependence on entropy gradient drift is seen. It is also seen velocity shear enhances the instability but in anomalous transport, its role is not seen significantly but entropy. This work will be helpful to the next step of tokamak and space plasmas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20shear" title=" velocity shear"> velocity shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20temperature%20gradient%20mode" title=" ion temperature gradient mode"> ion temperature gradient mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drift" title=" drift"> drift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70221/linear-study-of-electrostatic-ion-temperature-gradient-mode-with-entropy-gradient-drift-and-sheared-ion-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1030</span> Multi-Criteria Test Case Selection Using Ant Colony Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niranjana%20Devi%20N.">Niranjana Devi N.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Test case selection is to select the subset of only the fit test cases and remove the unfit, ambiguous, redundant, unnecessary test cases which in turn improve the quality and reduce the cost of software testing. Test cases optimization is the problem of finding the best subset of test cases from a pool of the test cases to be audited. It will meet all the objectives of testing concurrently. But most of the research have evaluated the fitness of test cases only on single parameter fault detecting capability and optimize the test cases using a single objective. In the proposed approach, nine parameters are considered for test case selection and the best subset of parameters for test case selection is obtained using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Rough Set. Test case selection is done in two stages. The first stage is the fuzzy entropy-based filtration technique, used for estimating and reducing the ambiguity in test case fitness evaluation and selection. The second stage is the ant colony optimization-based wrapper technique with a forward search strategy, employed to select test cases from the reduced test suite of the first stage. The results are evaluated using the Coverage parameters, Precision, Recall, F-Measure, APSC, APDC, and SSR. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that by this approach considerable computational effort can be avoided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ant%20colony%20optimization" title="ant colony optimization">ant colony optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy" title=" fuzzy entropy"> fuzzy entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20type-2%20fuzzy%20rough%20set" title=" interval type-2 fuzzy rough set"> interval type-2 fuzzy rough set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20case%20selection" title=" test case selection"> test case selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30870/multi-criteria-test-case-selection-using-ant-colony-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1029</span> Reasons for Non-Applicability of Software Entropy Metrics for Bug Prediction in Android </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvinder%20Kaur">Arvinder Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepti%20Chopra"> Deepti Chopra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software Entropy Metrics for bug prediction have been validated on various software systems by different researchers. In our previous research, we have validated that Software Entropy Metrics calculated for Mozilla subsystem’s predict the future bugs reasonably well. In this study, the Software Entropy metrics are calculated for a subsystem of Android and it is noticed that these metrics are not suitable for bug prediction. The results are compared with a subsystem of Mozilla and a comparison is made between the two software systems to determine the reasons why Software Entropy metrics are not applicable for Android. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=android" title="android">android</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bug%20prediction" title=" bug prediction"> bug prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mining%20software%20repositories" title=" mining software repositories"> mining software repositories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20entropy" title=" software entropy"> software entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49619/reasons-for-non-applicability-of-software-entropy-metrics-for-bug-prediction-in-android" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1028</span> Analysis of EEG Signals Using Wavelet Entropy and Approximate Entropy: A Case Study on Depression Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subha%20D.%20Puthankattil">Subha D. Puthankattil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20K.%20Joseph"> Paul K. Joseph</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analyzing brain signals of the patients suffering from the state of depression may lead to interesting observations in the signal parameters that is quite different from a normal control. The present study adopts two different methods: Time frequency domain and nonlinear method for the analysis of EEG signals acquired from depression patients and age and sex matched normal controls. The time frequency domain analysis is realized using wavelet entropy and approximate entropy is employed for the nonlinear method of analysis. The ability of the signal processing technique and the nonlinear method in differentiating the physiological aspects of the brain state are revealed using Wavelet entropy and Approximate entropy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG" title="EEG">EEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20entropy" title=" wavelet entropy"> wavelet entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximate%20entropy" title=" approximate entropy"> approximate entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20wavelet%20energy" title=" relative wavelet energy"> relative wavelet energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiresolution%20decomposition" title=" multiresolution decomposition"> multiresolution decomposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11836/analysis-of-eeg-signals-using-wavelet-entropy-and-approximate-entropy-a-case-study-on-depression-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1027</span> Sensitivity Analysis in Fuzzy Linear Programming Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Nasseri">S. H. Nasseri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ebrahimnejad"> A. Ebrahimnejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy set theory has been applied to many fields, such as operations research, control theory, and management sciences. In this paper, we consider two classes of fuzzy linear programming (FLP) problems: Fuzzy number linear programming and linear programming with trapezoidal fuzzy variables problems. We state our recently established results and develop fuzzy primal simplex algorithms for solving these problems. Finally, we give illustrative examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20linear%20programming" title="fuzzy linear programming">fuzzy linear programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20numbers" title=" fuzzy numbers"> fuzzy numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duality" title=" duality"> duality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16916/sensitivity-analysis-in-fuzzy-linear-programming-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">565</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1026</span> Entropy Analysis of a Thermo-Acoustic Stack</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmadali%20Shirazytabar">Ahmadali Shirazytabar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Namazi"> Hamidreza Namazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The inherent irreversibility of thermo-acoustics primarily in the stack region causes poor efficiency of thermo-acoustic engines which is the major weakness of these devices. In view of the above, this study examines entropy generation in the stack of a thermo-acoustic system. For this purpose two parallel plates representative of the stack is considered. A general equation for entropy generation is derived based on the Second Law of thermodynamics. Assumptions such as Rott’s linear thermo-acoustic approximation, boundary layer type flow, etc. are made to simplify the governing continuity, momentum and energy equations to achieve analytical solutions for velocity and temperature. The entropy generation equation is also simplified based on the same assumptions and then is converted to dimensionless form by using characteristic entropy generation. A time averaged entropy generation rate followed by a global entropy generation rate are calculated and graphically represented for further analysis and inspecting the effect of different parameters on the entropy generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-acoustics" title="thermo-acoustics">thermo-acoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20law%20of%20thermodynamics" title=" second law of thermodynamics"> second law of thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rott%E2%80%99s%20linear%20thermo-acoustic%20approximation" title=" Rott’s linear thermo-acoustic approximation"> Rott’s linear thermo-acoustic approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32388/entropy-analysis-of-a-thermo-acoustic-stack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1025</span> Econophysics: The Use of Entropy Measures in Finance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sheraz">Muhammad Sheraz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasile%20Preda"> Vasile Preda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Dedu"> Silvia Dedu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concepts of econophysics are usually used to solve problems related to uncertainty and nonlinear dynamics. In the theory of option pricing the risk neutral probabilities play very important role. The application of entropy in finance can be regarded as the extension of both information entropy and the probability entropy. It can be an important tool in various financial methods such as measure of risk, portfolio selection, option pricing and asset pricing. Gulko applied Entropy Pricing Theory (EPT) for pricing stock options and introduced an alternative framework of Black-Scholes model for pricing European stock option. In this article, we present solutions to maximum entropy problems based on Tsallis, Weighted-Tsallis, Kaniadakis, Weighted-Kaniadakies entropies, to obtain risk-neutral densities. We have also obtained the value of European call and put in this framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20pricing" title="option pricing">option pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Black-Scholes%20model" title=" Black-Scholes model"> Black-Scholes model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsallis%20entropy" title=" Tsallis entropy"> Tsallis entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaniadakis%20entropy" title=" Kaniadakis entropy"> Kaniadakis entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20entropy" title=" weighted entropy"> weighted entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-neutral%20density" title=" risk-neutral density"> risk-neutral density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55546/econophysics-the-use-of-entropy-measures-in-finance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1024</span> Some New Hesitant Fuzzy Sets Operator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20S.%20Thakur">G. S. Thakur </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, four new operators (O1, O2, O3, O4) are proposed, defined and considered to study the new properties and identities on hesitant fuzzy sets. These operators are useful for different operation on hesitant fuzzy sets. The various theorems are proved using the new operators. The study of the proposed new operators has opened a new area of research and applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vague%20sets" title="vague sets">vague sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hesitant%20fuzzy%20sets" title=" hesitant fuzzy sets"> hesitant fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intuitionistic%20fuzzy%20set" title=" intuitionistic fuzzy set"> intuitionistic fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20sets" title=" fuzzy sets"> fuzzy sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20multisets" title=" fuzzy multisets "> fuzzy multisets </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5174/some-new-hesitant-fuzzy-sets-operator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1023</span> Hyperspectral Image Classification Using Tree Search Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shreya%20Pare">Shreya Pare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvin%20Akhter"> Parvin Akhter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Remotely sensing image classification becomes a very challenging task owing to the high dimensionality of hyperspectral images. The pixel-wise classification methods fail to take the spatial structure information of an image. Therefore, to improve the performance of classification, spatial information can be integrated into the classification process. In this paper, the multilevel thresholding algorithm based on a modified fuzzy entropy function is used to perform the segmentation of hyperspectral images. The fuzzy parameters of the MFE function have been optimized by using a new meta-heuristic algorithm based on the Tree-Search algorithm. The segmented image is classified by a large distribution machine (LDM) classifier. Experimental results are shown on a hyperspectral image dataset. The experimental outputs indicate that the proposed technique (MFE-TSA-LDM) achieves much higher classification accuracy for hyperspectral images when compared to state-of-art classification techniques. The proposed algorithm provides accurate segmentation and classification maps, thus becoming more suitable for image classification with large spatial structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperspectral%20images" title=" hyperspectral images"> hyperspectral images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20distribution%20margin" title=" large distribution margin"> large distribution margin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20fuzzy%20entropy%20function" title=" modified fuzzy entropy function"> modified fuzzy entropy function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilevel%20thresholding" title=" multilevel thresholding"> multilevel thresholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tree%20search%20algorithm" title=" tree search algorithm"> tree search algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperspectral%20image%20classification%20using%20tree%20search%20algorithm" title=" hyperspectral image classification using tree search algorithm"> hyperspectral image classification using tree search algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143284/hyperspectral-image-classification-using-tree-search-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1022</span> Closed-Form Sharma-Mittal Entropy Rate for Gaussian Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Septimia%20Sarbu">Septimia Sarbu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The entropy rate of a stochastic process is a fundamental concept in information theory. It provides a limit to the amount of information that can be transmitted reliably over a communication channel, as stated by Shannon's coding theorems. Recently, researchers have focused on developing new measures of information that generalize Shannon's classical theory. The aim is to design more efficient information encoding and transmission schemes. This paper continues the study of generalized entropy rates, by deriving a closed-form solution to the Sharma-Mittal entropy rate for Gaussian processes. Using the squeeze theorem, we solve the limit in the definition of the entropy rate, for different values of alpha and beta, which are the parameters of the Sharma-Mittal entropy. In the end, we compare it with Shannon and Rényi's entropy rates for Gaussian processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20entropies" title="generalized entropies">generalized entropies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharma-Mittal%20entropy%20rate" title=" Sharma-Mittal entropy rate"> Sharma-Mittal entropy rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20processes" title=" Gaussian processes"> Gaussian processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalues%20of%20the%20covariance%20matrix" title=" eigenvalues of the covariance matrix"> eigenvalues of the covariance matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squeeze%20theorem" title=" squeeze theorem "> squeeze theorem </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32177/closed-form-sharma-mittal-entropy-rate-for-gaussian-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1021</span> Entropy Risk Factor Model of Exchange Rate Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darrol%20Stanley">Darrol Stanley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levan%20Efremidze"> Levan Efremidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jannie%20Rossouw"> Jannie Rossouw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the predictability of the USD/ZAR (South African Rand) exchange rate with sample entropy analytics for the period of 2004-2015. We calculate sample entropy based on the daily data of the exchange rate and conduct empirical implementation of several market timing rules based on these entropy signals. The dynamic investment portfolio based on entropy signals produces better risk adjusted performance than a buy and hold strategy. The returns are estimated on the portfolio values in U.S. dollars. These results are preliminary and do not yet account for reasonable transactions costs, although these are very small in currency markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=currency%20trading" title="currency trading">currency trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20timing" title=" market timing"> market timing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor%20model" title=" risk factor model"> risk factor model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53853/entropy-risk-factor-model-of-exchange-rate-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1020</span> An Alternative Proof for the Topological Entropy of the Motzkin Shift</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Alsharari">Fahad Alsharari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Salmi%20Md.%20Noorani"> Mohd Salmi Md. Noorani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Motzkin shift is a mathematical model for constraints on genetic sequences. In terms of the theory of symbolic dynamics, the Motzkin shift is nonsofic, and therefore, we cannot use the Perron-Frobenius theory to calculate its topological entropy. The Motzkin shift M(M,N) which comes from language theory, is defined to be the shift system over an alphabet A that consists of N negative symbols, N positive symbols and M neutral symbols. For an x in the full shift AZ, x is in M(M,N) if and only if every finite block appearing in x has a non-zero reduced form. Therefore, the constraint for x cannot be bounded in length. K. Inoue has shown that the entropy of the Motzkin shift M(M,N) is log(M + N + 1). In this paper, we find a new method of calculating the topological entropy of the Motzkin shift M(M,N) without any measure theoretical discussion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Motzkin%20shift" title=" Motzkin shift"> Motzkin shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory" title=" theory "> theory </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21271/an-alternative-proof-for-the-topological-entropy-of-the-motzkin-shift" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1019</span> Analysis of Spectral Radiative Entropy Generation in a Non-Gray Participating Medium with Heat Source (Furnaces)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asadollah%20Bahrami">Asadollah Bahrami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, spectral radiative entropy generation is analyzed in a furnace filled with a mixture of H₂O, CO₂ and soot at radiative equilibrium. For the angular and spatial discretization of the radiative transfer equation and radiative entropy generation equations, the discrete ordinates method and the finite volume method are used, respectively. Spectral radiative properties are obtained using the correlated-k (CK) non-gray model with updated parameters based on the HITEMP2010 high-resolution database. In order to evaluate the effects of the location of the heat source, boundary condition and wall emissivity on radiative entropy generation, five cases are considered with different conditions. The spectral and total radiative entropy generation in the system are calculated for all cases and the effects of mentioned parameters on radiative entropy generation are attentively analyzed and finally, the optimum condition is especially presented. The most important results can be stated as follows: Results demonstrate that the wall emissivity has a considerable effect on the radiative entropy generation. Also, irreversible radiative transfer at the wall with lower temperatures is the main source of radiative entropy generation in the furnaces. In addition, the effect of the location of the heat source on total radiative entropy generation is less than other factors. Eventually, it can be said that characterizing the effective parameters of radiative entropy generation provides an approach to minimizing the radiative entropy generation and enhancing the furnace's performance practicality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20radiative%20entropy%20generation" title="spectral radiative entropy generation">spectral radiative entropy generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-gray%20medium" title=" non-gray medium"> non-gray medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlated%20k%28CK%29%20model" title=" correlated k(CK) model"> correlated k(CK) model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20source" title=" heat source"> heat source</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169050/analysis-of-spectral-radiative-entropy-generation-in-a-non-gray-participating-medium-with-heat-source-furnaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1018</span> 2D Structured Non-Cyclic Fuzzy Graphs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Pathinathan">T. Pathinathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Peter"> M. Peter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy graphs incorporate concepts from graph theory with fuzzy principles. In this paper, we make a study on the properties of fuzzy graphs which are non-cyclic and are of two-dimensional in structure. In particular, this paper presents 2D structure or the structure of double layer for a non-cyclic fuzzy graph whose underlying crisp graph is non-cyclic. In any graph structure, introducing 2D structure may lead to an inherent cycle. We propose relevant conditions for 2D structured non-cyclic fuzzy graphs. These conditions are extended even to fuzzy graphs of the 3D structure. General theoretical properties that are studied for any fuzzy graph are verified to 2D structured or double layered fuzzy graphs. Concepts like Order, Degree, Strong and Size for a fuzzy graph are studied for 2D structured or double layered non-cyclic fuzzy graphs. Using different types of fuzzy graphs, the proposed concepts relating to 2D structured fuzzy graphs are verified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20layered%20fuzzy%20graph" title="double layered fuzzy graph">double layered fuzzy graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20layered%20non%E2%80%93cyclic%20fuzzy%20graph" title=" double layered non–cyclic fuzzy graph"> double layered non–cyclic fuzzy graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=order" title=" order"> order</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degree%20and%20size" title=" degree and size"> degree and size</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80562/2d-structured-non-cyclic-fuzzy-graphs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1017</span> Maximum Entropy Based Image Segmentation of Human Skin Lesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheema%20Shuja%20Khattak">Sheema Shuja Khattak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gule%20Saman"> Gule Saman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imran%20Khan"> Imran Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdus%20Salam"> Abdus Salam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image segmentation plays an important role in medical imaging applications. Therefore, accurate methods are needed for the successful segmentation of medical images for diagnosis and detection of various diseases. In this paper, we have used maximum entropy to achieve image segmentation. Maximum entropy has been calculated using Shannon, Renyi, and Tsallis entropies. This work has novelty based on the detection of skin lesion caused by the bite of a parasite called Sand Fly causing the disease is called Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shannon" title="shannon">shannon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20entropy" title=" maximum entropy"> maximum entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renyi" title=" Renyi"> Renyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsallis%20entropy" title=" Tsallis entropy"> Tsallis entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19990/maximum-entropy-based-image-segmentation-of-human-skin-lesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1016</span> Entropy Generation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Square Cavity Using Al2O3-Water Nanofluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alipanah">M. Alipanah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ranjbar"> A. Ranjbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Farnad"> E. Farnad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Alipanah"> F. Alipanah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Entropy generation of an Al2O3-water nanofluid due to heat transfer and fluid friction irreversibility has been investigated in a square cavity subject to different side wall temperatures using a nanofluid for natural convection flow. This study has been carried out for the pertinent parameters in the following ranges: Rayleigh number between 104 to 107 and volume fraction between 0 to 0.05. Based on the obtained dimensionless velocity and temperature values, the distributions of local entropy generation, average entropy generation and average Bejan number are determined. The results are compared for a pure fluid and a nanofluid. It is totally found that the heat transfer and entropy generation of the nanofluid is more than the pure fluid and minimum entropy generation and Nusselt number occur in the pure fluid at any Rayleigh number. Results depict that the addition of nanoparticles to the pure fluid has more effect on the entropy generation as the Rayleigh number goes up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20generation" title="entropy generation">entropy generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title=" natural convection"> natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bejan%20number" title=" bejan number"> bejan number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuselt%20number" title=" nuselt number"> nuselt number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10068/entropy-generation-of-natural-convection-heat-transfer-in-a-square-cavity-using-al2o3-water-nanofluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1015</span> An Improved C-Means Model for MRI Segmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Shen">Ying Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weihua%20Zhu"> Weihua Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical images are important to help identifying different diseases, for example, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to investigate the brain, spinal cord, bones, joints, breasts, blood vessels, and heart. Image segmentation, in medical image analysis, is usually the first step to find out some characteristics with similar color, intensity or texture so that the diagnosis could be further carried out based on these features. This paper introduces an improved C-means model to segment the MRI images. The model is based on information entropy to evaluate the segmentation results by achieving global optimization. Several contributions are significant. Firstly, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used for achieving global optimization in this model where fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (FCMA) is not capable of doing that. Secondly, the information entropy after segmentation is used for measuring the effectiveness of MRI image processing. Experimental results show the outperformance of the proposed model by comparing with traditional approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20image%20%28MRI%29" title="magnetic resonance image (MRI)">magnetic resonance image (MRI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=c-means%20model" title=" c-means model"> c-means model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title=" image segmentation"> image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20entropy" title=" information entropy"> information entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79824/an-improved-c-means-model-for-mri-segmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1014</span> Investment Projects Selection Problem under Hesitant Fuzzy Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Khutsishvili">Irina Khutsishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present research, a decision support methodology for the multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem is developed, namely for the selection of investment projects. The objective of the investment project selection problem is to choose the best project among the set of projects, seeking investment, or to rank all projects in descending order. The project selection is made considering a set of weighted attributes. To evaluate the attributes in our approach, expert assessments are used. In the proposed methodology, lingual expressions (linguistic terms) given by all experts are used as initial attribute evaluations, since they are the most natural and convenient representation of experts' evaluations. Then lingual evaluations are converted into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, and the aggregate trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy decision matrix will be built. The case is considered when information on the attribute weights is completely unknown. The attribute weights are identified based on the De Luca and Termini information entropy concept, determined in the context of hesitant fuzzy sets. The decisions are made using the extended Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method under a hesitant fuzzy environment. Hence, a methodology is based on a trapezoidal valued hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS decision-making model with entropy weights. The ranking of alternatives is performed by the proximity of their distances to both the fuzzy positive-ideal solution (FPIS) and the fuzzy negative-ideal solution (FNIS). For this purpose, the weighted hesitant Hamming distance is used. An example of investment decision-making is shown that clearly explains the procedure of the proposed methodology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20the%20present%20research" title="In the present research">In the present research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20decision%20support%20methodology%20for%20the%20multi-attribute%20group%20decision-making%20%28MAGDM%29%20problem%20is%20developed" title=" a decision support methodology for the multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem is developed"> a decision support methodology for the multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem is developed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=namely%20for%20the%20selection%20of%20investment%20projects.%20%0D%0AThe%20objective%20of%20the%20investment%20project%20selection%20problem%20is%20to%20choose%20the%20best%20project%20among%20the%20set%20of%20projects" title=" namely for the selection of investment projects. The objective of the investment project selection problem is to choose the best project among the set of projects"> namely for the selection of investment projects. The objective of the investment project selection problem is to choose the best project among the set of projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seeking%20investment" title=" seeking investment"> seeking investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=or%20to%20rank%20all%20projects%20in%20descending%20order.%20The%20project%20selection%20is%20made%20considering%20a%20set%20of%20weighted%20attributes.%20To%20evaluate%20the%20attributes%20in%20our%20approach" title=" or to rank all projects in descending order. The project selection is made considering a set of weighted attributes. To evaluate the attributes in our approach"> or to rank all projects in descending order. The project selection is made considering a set of weighted attributes. To evaluate the attributes in our approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20assessments%20are%20used.%20In%20the%20proposed%20methodology" title=" expert assessments are used. In the proposed methodology"> expert assessments are used. In the proposed methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lingual%20expressions%20%28linguistic%20terms%29%20given%20by%20all%20experts%20are%20used%20as%20initial%20attribute%20evaluations%20since%20they%20are%20the%20most%20natural%20and%20convenient%20representation%20of%20experts%27%20evaluations.%20Then%20lingual%20evaluations%20are%20converted%20into%20trapezoidal%20fuzzy%20numbers" title=" lingual expressions (linguistic terms) given by all experts are used as initial attribute evaluations since they are the most natural and convenient representation of experts' evaluations. Then lingual evaluations are converted into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers"> lingual expressions (linguistic terms) given by all experts are used as initial attribute evaluations since they are the most natural and convenient representation of experts' evaluations. Then lingual evaluations are converted into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20the%20aggregate%20trapezoidal%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20decision%20matrix%20will%20be%20built.%20The%20case%20is%20considered%20when%20information%20on%20the%20attribute%20weights%20is%20completely%20unknown.%20The%20attribute%20weights%20are%20identified%20based%20on%20the%20De%20Luca%20and%20Termini%20information%20entropy%20concept" title=" and the aggregate trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy decision matrix will be built. The case is considered when information on the attribute weights is completely unknown. The attribute weights are identified based on the De Luca and Termini information entropy concept"> and the aggregate trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy decision matrix will be built. The case is considered when information on the attribute weights is completely unknown. The attribute weights are identified based on the De Luca and Termini information entropy concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determined%20in%20the%20context%20of%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20sets.%20The%20decisions%20are%20made%20using%20the%20extended%20Technique%20for%20Order%20Performance%20by%20Similarity%20to%20Ideal%20Solution%20%28TOPSIS%29%20method%20under%20a%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20environment.%20Hence" title=" determined in the context of hesitant fuzzy sets. The decisions are made using the extended Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method under a hesitant fuzzy environment. Hence"> determined in the context of hesitant fuzzy sets. The decisions are made using the extended Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method under a hesitant fuzzy environment. Hence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20methodology%20is%20based%20on%20a%20trapezoidal%20valued%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20TOPSIS%20decision-making%20model%20with%20entropy%20weights.%20The%20ranking%20of%20alternatives%20is%20performed%20by%20the%20proximity%20of%20their%20distances%20to%20both%20the%20fuzzy%20positive-ideal%20solution%20%28FPIS%29%20and%20the%20fuzzy%20negative-ideal%20solution%20%28FNIS%29.%20For%20this%20purpose" title=" a methodology is based on a trapezoidal valued hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS decision-making model with entropy weights. The ranking of alternatives is performed by the proximity of their distances to both the fuzzy positive-ideal solution (FPIS) and the fuzzy negative-ideal solution (FNIS). For this purpose"> a methodology is based on a trapezoidal valued hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS decision-making model with entropy weights. The ranking of alternatives is performed by the proximity of their distances to both the fuzzy positive-ideal solution (FPIS) and the fuzzy negative-ideal solution (FNIS). For this purpose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20weighted%20hesitant%20Hamming%20distance%20is%20used.%20An%20example%20of%20investment%20decision-making%20is%20shown%20that%20clearly%20explains%20the%20procedure%20of%20the%20proposed%20methodology." title=" the weighted hesitant Hamming distance is used. An example of investment decision-making is shown that clearly explains the procedure of the proposed methodology."> the weighted hesitant Hamming distance is used. An example of investment decision-making is shown that clearly explains the procedure of the proposed methodology.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161078/investment-projects-selection-problem-under-hesitant-fuzzy-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1013</span> Religion: The Human Entropy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abul%20Kayum%20Zarzis%20Alam">Abul Kayum Zarzis Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Death is not a terminal; it is just a junction. From Agamas to Vedas, from Buddhism to Judaism, all the major scriptures and religions of the world always do converge to this hypothesis of death. Death is the ultimate catastrophe of life and it is the genesis of every religion on this Earth. Several hundred thousand years ago, the Homo Sapiens in Paleolithic age introduced the notion of religion on this Earth in its most primitive form just to escape from death and natural catastrophes through their belief in supernatural things which created the sense of superstition among the Homo Sapiens which has only increased over time. This sense of superstition and belief in supernatural things are building blocks of religion. Religion is like entropy, a degree of disorder. Entropy for an irreversible system like our own Universe always increases. Same is happening to our human civilization where the disorder had been increasing over time. The degree of this disorder of human civilization is religion divides and conquers over the human civilization of Earth. Religion is the human entropy which had been governing and will govern us. Just like entropy, religion is also an essential intrinsic property of the system which makes the system evolved. We have to optimize this ambivalence of the human entropy to make our civilization an inclusive and sustainable one. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=death" title="death">death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earth" title=" earth"> earth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homo%20sapiens" title=" Homo sapiens"> Homo sapiens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion%20and%20human%20entropy" title=" religion and human entropy"> religion and human entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88127/religion-the-human-entropy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1012</span> Solving Fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming Problems with Fuzzy Decision Variables</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahnaz%20Hosseinzadeh">Mahnaz Hosseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyeh%20Kazemi"> Aliyeh Kazemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a method is proposed for solving Fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming problems (FMOLPP) with fuzzy right hand side and fuzzy decision variables. To illustrate the proposed method, it is applied to the problem of selecting suppliers for an automotive parts producer company in Iran in order to find the number of optimal orders allocated to each supplier considering the conflicting objectives. Finally, the obtained results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20multi-objective%20linear%20programming%20problems" title="fuzzy multi-objective linear programming problems">fuzzy multi-objective linear programming problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triangular%20fuzzy%20numbers" title=" triangular fuzzy numbers"> triangular fuzzy numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20ranking" title=" fuzzy ranking"> fuzzy ranking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplier%20selection%20problem" title=" supplier selection problem"> supplier selection problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54020/solving-fuzzy-multi-objective-linear-programming-problems-with-fuzzy-decision-variables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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