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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>1 Kings 4:3 Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/1_kings/4-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/11/11_1Ki_04_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="1 Kings 4:3 - Solomon's Princes" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/1_kings/4-3.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/1_kings/4-3.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/1_kings/">1 Kings</a> > <a href="/1_kings/4.htm">Chapter 4</a> > Verse 3</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad3.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/1_kings/4-2.htm" title="1 Kings 4:2">◄</a> 1 Kings 4:3 <a href="/1_kings/4-4.htm" title="1 Kings 4:4">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/1_kings/4.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/1_kings/4.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, sons of Shisha—secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud—recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/1_kings/4.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were court secretaries. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the royal historian.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/1_kings/4.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha were secretaries; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/1_kings/4.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/1_kings/4.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/1_kings/4.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/1_kings/4.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha <i>were</i> scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud <i>was</i> the secretary;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/1_kings/4.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha were secretaries; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/1_kings/4.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha <i>were</i> secretaries; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud <i>was</i> the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/1_kings/4.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha <i>were</i> scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud <i>was</i> the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/1_kings/4.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha, were scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder [of important events];<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/1_kings/4.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha, secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud, court historian;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/1_kings/4.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha, secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud, court historian; <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/1_kings/4.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/1_kings/4.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/1_kings/4.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />[Elihoreph] and [Ahijah], the sons of Shisha, were scribes. [Jehoshaphat], son of Ahilud, was the royal historian.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/1_kings/4.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />The court secretaries: Elihoreph and Ahijah, sons of Shisha In charge of the records: Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/1_kings/4.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Shisha's sons Elihoreph and Ahijah were his secretaries, Ahilud's son Jehoshaphat was recorder, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/1_kings/4.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/1_kings/4.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, wrote down what happened. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was in charge of the records. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/1_kings/4.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/1_kings/4.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehosaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/1_kings/4.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder; <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/1_kings/4.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahiah sons of Shisha [are] scribes; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud [is] remembrancer;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/1_kings/4.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> Elihoreph and Ahiah sons of Shisha are scribes; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud is remembrancer;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/1_kings/4.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahiah, sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud, remembering.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/1_kings/4.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph, and Ahia, the sons of Sisa, scribes: Josaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/1_kings/4.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, the scribes; Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, the keeper of records;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/1_kings/4.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, the chancellor; <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/1_kings/4.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah sons of Shisha were secretaries; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder;<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/1_kings/4.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/1_kings/4.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Elikharaph and Akhia, sons of Shisha the Scribe and Yushaphat, son of Akhilud the Chronicler<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/1_kings/4.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/1_kings/4.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />Eliaph, and Achia son of Seba, scribes; and Josaphat son of Achilud, recorder.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/1_kings/4-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xx9A0AxPaoQ?start=1446" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/1_kings/4.htm">Solomon's Princes</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">2</span>and these were his chief officials: Azariah son of Zadok was the priest; <span class="reftext">3</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/456.htm" title="456: ’ĕ·lî·ḥō·rep̄ (N-proper-ms) -- God of autumn, one of Solomon's scribes. From 'el and choreph; God of autumn; Elichoreph, an Israelite.">Elihoreph</a> <a href="/hebrew/281.htm" title="281: wa·’ă·ḥî·yāh (Conj-w:: N-proper-ms) -- Brother of Yah, an Isr. name. Or pachiyahuw; from 'ach and Yahh; brother of Jah; Achijah, the name of nine Israelites.">and Ahijah,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: bə·nê (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">the sons</a> <a href="/hebrew/7894.htm" title="7894: šî·šā (N-proper-ms) -- Father of Solomon's scribes. From the same as shayish; whiteness; Shisha, an Israelite.">of Shisha,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5608.htm" title="5608: sō·p̄ə·rîm (N-mp) -- To count, recount, relate. ">were secretaries;</a> <a href="/hebrew/3092.htm" title="3092: yə·hō·wō·šā·p̄āṭ (N-proper-ms) -- From Yhovah and shaphat; Jehovah-judged; Jehoshaphat, the name of six Israelites; also of a valley near Jerusalem.">Jehoshaphat</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/286.htm" title="286: ’ă·ḥî·lūḏ (N-proper-ms) -- Child's brother, two Isr. From 'ach and yalad; brother of one born; Achilud, an Israelite.">of Ahilud</a> <a href="/hebrew/2142.htm" title="2142: ham·maz·kîr (Art:: V-Hifil-Prtcpl-ms) -- Remember. A primitive root; properly, to mark, i.e. To remember; by implication, to mention; also to be male.">was the recorder;</a> </span><span class="reftext">4</span>Benaiah son of Jehoiada was in charge of the army; Zadok and Abiathar were priests;…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/18-15.htm">1 Chronicles 18:15-17</a></span><br />Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; / Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests; Shavsha was the scribe; / Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief officials at the king’s side.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/8-15.htm">2 Samuel 8:15-18</a></span><br />Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people: / Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; / Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests; Seraiah was the scribe; ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/20-23.htm">2 Samuel 20:23-26</a></span><br />Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites; / Adoram was in charge of the forced labor; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder; / Sheva was the scribe; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/27-32.htm">1 Chronicles 27:32-34</a></span><br />David’s uncle Jonathan was a counselor; he was a man of insight and a scribe. Jehiel son of Hachmoni attended to the sons of the king. / Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend. / Ahithophel was succeeded by Jehoiada son of Benaiah, then by Abiathar. Joab was the commander of the king’s army.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/1-8.htm">1 Kings 1:8-10</a></span><br />But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s mighty men would not join Adonijah. / And Adonijah sacrificed sheep, oxen, and fattened calves near the stone of Zoheleth, which is next to En-rogel. He invited all his royal brothers and all the men of Judah who were servants of the king. / But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the mighty men, or his brother Solomon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/2-35.htm">1 Kings 2:35</a></span><br />And the king appointed Benaiah son of Jehoiada in Joab’s place over the army, and he appointed Zadok the priest in Abiathar’s place.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/12-22.htm">1 Kings 12:22-24</a></span><br />But the word of God came to Shemaiah the man of God: / “Tell Rehoboam son of Solomon king of Judah, all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and the rest of the people / that this is what the LORD says: ‘You are not to go up and fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Each of you must return home, for this is My doing.’” So they listened to the word of the LORD and turned back according to the word of the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/8-9.htm">2 Chronicles 8:9-10</a></span><br />But Solomon did not consign any of the Israelites to slave labor, because they were his men of war, the leaders of his captains, and the commanders of his chariots and cavalry. / They were also the chief officers for King Solomon: 250 supervisors.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/19-11.htm">2 Chronicles 19:11</a></span><br />Note that Amariah, the chief priest, will be over you in all that pertains to the LORD, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael, the ruler of the house of Judah, in all that pertains to the king. And the Levites will serve as officers before you. Act resolutely; may the LORD be with the upright!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/26-11.htm">2 Chronicles 26:11-14</a></span><br />Uzziah had an army ready for battle that went out to war by assigned divisions, as recorded by Jeiel the scribe and Maaseiah the officer under the direction of Hananiah, one of the royal officers. / The total number of family leaders of the mighty men of valor was 2,600. / Under their authority was an army of 307,500 trained for war, a powerful force to support the king against his enemies. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/29-25.htm">2 Chronicles 29:25</a></span><br />Hezekiah stationed the Levites in the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres according to the command of David, of Gad the king’s seer, and of Nathan the prophet. For the command had come from the LORD through His prophets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/34-12.htm">2 Chronicles 34:12-13</a></span><br />And the men did the work faithfully. The Levites overseeing them were Jahath and Obadiah, descendants of Merari, and Zechariah and Meshullam, descendants of Kohath. Other Levites, all skilled with musical instruments, / were over the laborers and supervised all who did the work, task by task. Some of the Levites were secretaries, officers, and gatekeepers.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/11-11.htm">Nehemiah 11:11-12</a></span><br />Seraiah son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, the chief official of the house of God; / and their associates who did the work at the temple—822 men; Adaiah son of Jeroham, the son of Pelaliah, the son of Amzi, the son of Zechariah, the son of Pashhur, the son of Malchijah;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/10-2.htm">Matthew 10:2-4</a></span><br />These are the names of the twelve apostles: first Simon, called Peter, and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; / Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; / Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Jesus.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/3-16.htm">Mark 3:16-19</a></span><br />These are the twelve He appointed: Simon (whom He named Peter), / James son of Zebedee and his brother John (whom He named Boanerges, meaning “Sons of Thunder”), / Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, ...</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder.</p><p class="hdg">Shisha</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_samuel/20-25.htm">2 Samuel 20:25</a></b></br> And Sheva <i>was</i> scribe: and Zadok and Abiathar <i>were</i> the priests:</p><p class="hdg">Sheva</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_chronicles/18-6.htm">1 Chronicles 18:6</a></b></br> Then David put <i>garrisons</i> in Syriadamascus; and the Syrians became David's servants, <i>and</i> brought gifts. Thus the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.</p><p class="hdg">Shavsha </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_samuel/8-16.htm">2 Samuel 8:16</a></b></br> And Joab the son of Zeruiah <i>was</i> over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud <i>was</i> recorder;</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">2 Samuel 20:24</a></b></br> And Adoram <i>was</i> over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud <i>was</i> recorder:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_chronicles/18-15.htm">1 Chronicles 18:15</a></b></br> And Joab the son of Zeruiah <i>was</i> over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/14-18.htm">Ahiah</a> <a href="/1_samuel/14-18.htm">Ahijah</a> <a href="/1_samuel/14-18.htm">Ahi'jah</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Ahilud</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Ahi'lud</a> <a href="/2_samuel/8-16.htm">Chronicler</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Jehoshaphat</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Jehosh'aphat</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Recorder</a> <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm">Remembrancer</a> <a href="/exodus/9-11.htm">Scribes</a> <a href="/ezra/4-9.htm">Secretaries</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_chronicles/8-7.htm">Ahiah</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-29.htm">Ahijah</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-29.htm">Ahi'jah</a> <a href="/1_kings/4-12.htm">Ahilud</a> <a href="/1_kings/4-12.htm">Ahi'lud</a> <a href="/2_kings/18-18.htm">Chronicler</a> <a href="/1_kings/4-17.htm">Jehoshaphat</a> <a href="/1_kings/4-17.htm">Jehosh'aphat</a> <a href="/2_kings/18-18.htm">Recorder</a> <a href="/2_kings/18-18.htm">Remembrancer</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/2-55.htm">Scribes</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/34-13.htm">Secretaries</a><div class="vheading2">1 Kings 4</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-1.htm">Solomon's princes</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-7.htm">His twelve officers for provision</a></span><br><span class="reftext">20. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-20.htm">The peace and largeness of his kingdom</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-22.htm">His daily provision</a></span><br><span class="reftext">26. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-26.htm">His stable</a></span><br><span class="reftext">29. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_kings/4-29.htm">His wisdom</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_kings/4.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_kings/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_kings/4.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were secretaries;</b><br>Elihoreph and Ahijah are mentioned as secretaries, indicating their role in the administration of King Solomon's kingdom. Secretaries in ancient Israel were responsible for recording royal decrees, managing correspondence, and maintaining official records. The mention of their father, Shisha, suggests a family tradition of service in the royal court, possibly indicating a hereditary position or a family known for their literacy and administrative skills. This role is crucial in a kingdom as it ensures the smooth operation of governance and the implementation of the king's policies. The position of secretary is akin to a modern-day scribe or bureaucrat, highlighting the importance of written communication and record-keeping in ancient governance.<p><b>Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder;</b><br>Jehoshaphat, identified as the son of Ahilud, served as the recorder, a position of significant responsibility in the royal court. The recorder was tasked with chronicling events, maintaining historical records, and possibly advising the king on matters of state. This role is similar to that of a historian or archivist, ensuring that the deeds and decisions of the king were documented for posterity. The position of recorder is mentioned in other parts of the Old Testament, such as in the reign of King David, indicating its longstanding importance in the administration of Israel. Jehoshaphat's role would have been critical in preserving the history and legacy of Solomon's reign, contributing to the biblical narrative that we have today.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/e/elihoreph_and_ahijah.htm">Elihoreph and Ahijah</a></b><br>These individuals were sons of Shisha and served as secretaries in King Solomon's administration. Their role was crucial in maintaining records and managing correspondence, reflecting the organized and bureaucratic nature of Solomon's reign.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/s/shisha.htm">Shisha</a></b><br>The father of Elihoreph and Ahijah, Shisha's mention indicates a family tradition of serving in administrative roles, suggesting a legacy of loyalty and service to the king.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/j/jehoshaphat_son_of_ahilud.htm">Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud</a></b><br>He served as the recorder, a position responsible for chronicling events and maintaining official records. This role was vital for preserving the history and decisions of the kingdom.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_solomon's_administration.htm">King Solomon's Administration</a></b><br>This verse is part of a larger passage detailing the officials in Solomon's court, highlighting the structured and efficient governance that characterized his reign.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_kingdom_of_israel.htm">The Kingdom of Israel</a></b><br>Under Solomon, the kingdom experienced unprecedented peace and prosperity, necessitating a well-organized administration to manage its affairs.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_administration_in_leadership.htm">The Importance of Administration in Leadership</a></b><br>Effective leadership requires organization and delegation. Solomon's administration exemplifies how structured governance can lead to peace and prosperity.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/l/legacy_of_service.htm">Legacy of Service</a></b><br>The mention of Shisha and his sons highlights the impact of a family legacy of service. Encouraging and training the next generation in faithfulness and diligence can have lasting effects.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/faithfulness_in_small_roles.htm">Faithfulness in Small Roles</a></b><br>Elihoreph, Ahijah, and Jehoshaphat served in roles that may seem minor but were essential to the kingdom's success. Every role in God's kingdom is significant, and faithfulness in small things is crucial.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_record_keeping_in_god's_work.htm">The Role of Record Keeping in God's Work</a></b><br>The recorder's role emphasizes the importance of documenting God's work and faithfulness. Keeping records of God's blessings and guidance can strengthen faith and provide a testimony to others.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_kings_4.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Kings 4</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_was_ahijah_in_the_bible.htm">Who was Ahijah in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_song_4_fit_solomon's_many_wives.htm">If historically attributed to King Solomon, how does Song of Solomon 4 mesh with the accounts of his many wives and concubines in other biblical texts (e.g., 1 Kings 11:3)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_does_the_bronze_sea's_capacity_differ.htm">How do we reconcile the apparent capacity discrepancy of the bronze sea between 1 Kings 7:26 (2,000 baths) and 2 Chronicles 4:5 (3,000 baths)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_proverbs_4_1_ignore_bad_guidance.htm">Does the call to heed a father's instruction in Proverbs 4:1 ignore the possibility of flawed or harmful parental guidance?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_kings/4.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) <span class= "bld">Sons of Shisha.</span>--In <a href="/1_chronicles/18-16.htm" title="And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Abimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Shavsha was scribe;">1Chronicles 18:16</a> "Shavsha," and in <a href="/2_samuel/20-25.htm" title="And Sheva was scribe: and Zadok and Abiathar were the priests:">2Samuel 20:25</a> "Sheva," is mentioned as the scribe of David. Probably these are variations of the same name, and the office may have become virtually hereditary. The "scribe," or (see Margin) "secretary," is constantly referred to as a high officer, issuing the king's edicts and letters, and acting in his name, like our "Secretaries of State."<p><span class= "bld">Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud </span>is named in <a href="/2_samuel/8-16.htm" title="And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;">2Samuel 8:16</a>; <a href="/2_samuel/20-24.htm" title="And Adoram was over the tribute: and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:">2Samuel 20:24</a>, and <a href="/1_chronicles/18-15.htm" title="And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, recorder.">1Chronicles 18:15</a> as having been under David also the <span class= "ital">"</span>recorder" or "remembrancer"--probably the annalist who drew up and preserved the archives of the kingdom. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_kings/4.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 3.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Elihoreph and Ahiah, the sons of Shisha</span> [probably the same person who is mentioned in <a href="/2_samuel/20-25.htm">2 Samuel 20:25</a> as <span class="accented">Sheva</span>; in <a href="/2_samuel/8-17.htm">2 Samuel 8:17</a>, as <span class="accented">Seraiah</span>; and in <a href="/1_chronicles/18-16.htm">1 Chronicles 18:16</a>, as <span class="accented">Shavsha</span>, David's scribe. The office thus descended from father to sons. The variations in this name are instructive. Compare Kishi and Kushaiah, Abijah and Abijam, Michaiah and Maachah, Absalom and Abishalom, etc. Names written <span class="accented">ex ore dictantis</span> are sure to differ. See below on ver. 12], scribes [the scribes, <span class="hebrew">סֹפְדִים</span>, were Secretaries of State: they wrote letters and proclamations, drew up edicts, and apparently kept the accounts (<a href="/2_kings/12-10.htm">2 Kings 12:10</a>). Their position in the list indicates their importance]; <span class="cmt_word">Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud</span>, <span class="cmt_word">the recorder.</span> [He held the same office under David, and is mentioned in all three lists (<a href="/2_samuel/8-17.htm">2 Samuel 8:17</a>; <a href="/2_samuel/20-25.htm">2 Samuel 20:25</a>; <a href="/1_chronicles/18-15.htm">1 Chronicles 18:15</a>). The recorder or "remembrancer" (marg.) was, perhaps, "chancellor" (Keil), or keeper of the king's conscience, rather than, as is generally supposed, chronicler of public events, and keeper of the archives. See Introduction, sect. 6.] <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/1_kings/4-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Elihoreph</span><br /><span class="heb">אֱלִיחֹ֧רֶף</span> <span class="translit">(’ĕ·lî·ḥō·rep̄)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_456.htm">Strong's 456: </a> </span><span class="str2">Elihoreph -- 'God of autumn', one of Solomon's scribes</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and Ahijah,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַאֲחִיָּ֛ה</span> <span class="translit">(wa·’ă·ḥî·yāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_281.htm">Strong's 281: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ahijah -- 'brother of Yah', an Israelite name</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the sons</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּנֵ֥י</span> <span class="translit">(bə·nê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Shisha,</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׁישָׁ֖א</span> <span class="translit">(šî·šā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7894.htm">Strong's 7894: </a> </span><span class="str2">Shisha -- father of Solomon's scribes</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[were] secretaries;</span><br /><span class="heb">סֹפְרִ֑ים</span> <span class="translit">(sō·p̄ə·rîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5608.htm">Strong's 5608: </a> </span><span class="str2">To count, recount, relate</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Jehoshaphat</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hō·wō·šā·p̄āṭ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3092.htm">Strong's 3092: </a> </span><span class="str2">Jehoshaphat -- 'the LORD has judged', the name of a number of Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶּן־</span> <span class="translit">(ben-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Ahilud</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲחִיל֖וּד</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·ḥî·lūḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_286.htm">Strong's 286: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ahilud -- 'child's brother', two Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[was] the recorder;</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃</span> <span class="translit">(ham·maz·kîr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Verb - Hifil - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2142.htm">Strong's 2142: </a> </span><span class="str2">To mark, to remember, to mention, to be male</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/1_kings/4-3.htm">1 Kings 4:3 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/1_kings/4-3.htm">OT History: 1 Kings 4:3 Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_kings/4-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Kings 4:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Kings 4:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_kings/4-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Kings 4:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Kings 4:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>