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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Equirectangular projection</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyeici%C3%B3n_cil%C3%ADndrica_equidistante" title="Proyeición cilíndrica equidistante – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Proyeición cilíndrica equidistante" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projecci%C3%B3_cil%C3%ADndrica_equidistant" title="Projecció cilíndrica equidistant – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Projecció cilíndrica equidistant" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekvidistantn%C3%AD_v%C3%A1lcov%C3%A1_projekce" title="Ekvidistantní válcová projekce – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ekvidistantní válcová projekce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruutlabaprojektsioon" title="Ruutlabaprojektsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ruutlabaprojektsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyecci%C3%B3n_cil%C3%ADndrica_equidistante" title="Proyección cilíndrica equidistante – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Proyección cilíndrica equidistante" data-language-autonym="Español" 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_cylindrique_%C3%A9quidistante" title="Projection cylindrique équidistante – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Projection cylindrique équidistante" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyeksion_nga_ekuirektanggular" title="Proyeksion nga ekuirektanggular – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Proyeksion nga ekuirektanggular" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proiezione_cilindrica_equidistante" title="Proiezione cilindrica equidistante – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Proiezione cilindrica equidistante" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cylindrical equidistant map projection</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg/390px-Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg" decoding="async" width="390" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg/585px-Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg/780px-Equirectangular_projection_SW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2058" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>Equirectangular projection of the world; the standard parallel is the equator (plate carrée projection).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg/390px-Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg/585px-Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg/780px-Plate_Carr%C3%A9e_with_Tissot%27s_Indicatrices_of_Distortion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Equirectangular projection with <a href="/wiki/Tissot%27s_indicatrix" title="Tissot's indicatrix">Tissot's indicatrix</a> of deformation and with the standard parallels lying on the equator</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Marble_2002.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Blue_Marble_2002.png/390px-Blue_Marble_2002.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Blue_Marble_2002.png/585px-Blue_Marble_2002.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Blue_Marble_2002.png/780px-Blue_Marble_2002.png 2x" data-file-width="43200" data-file-height="21600" /></a><figcaption>True-colour satellite image of Earth in equirectangular projection</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_elevation_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/World_elevation_map.png/390px-World_elevation_map.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/World_elevation_map.png/585px-World_elevation_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/World_elevation_map.png/780px-World_elevation_map.png 2x" data-file-width="21600" data-file-height="10800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Height_map" class="mw-redirect" title="Height map">Height map</a> of planet Earth at 2km per pixel, including oceanic <a href="/wiki/Bathymetry" title="Bathymetry">bathymetry</a> information, normalized as 8-bit grayscale. Because of its easy conversion between x, y pixel information and lat-lon, maps like these are very useful for software map renderings.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>equirectangular projection</b> (also called the <b>equidistant cylindrical projection</b> or <b>la carte parallélogrammatique projection</b>), and which includes the special case of the <b>plate carrée projection</b> (also called the <b>geographic projection</b>, <b>lat/lon projection</b>, or <b>plane chart</b>), is a simple <a href="/wiki/Map_projection" title="Map projection">map projection</a> attributed to <a href="/wiki/Marinus_of_Tyre" title="Marinus of Tyre">Marinus of Tyre</a>, who <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> claims invented the projection about AD 100.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The projection maps <a href="/wiki/Meridian_(geography)" title="Meridian (geography)">meridians</a> to vertical straight lines of constant spacing (for meridional intervals of constant spacing), and <a href="/wiki/Circle_of_latitude" title="Circle of latitude">circles of latitude</a> to horizontal straight lines of constant spacing (for constant intervals of <a href="/wiki/Circle_of_latitude" title="Circle of latitude">parallels</a>). The projection is neither <a href="/wiki/Equal-area_projection" title="Equal-area projection">equal area</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Conformal_map_projection" title="Conformal map projection">conformal</a>. Because of the distortions introduced by this projection, it has little use in <a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">navigation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cadastral" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadastral">cadastral</a> mapping and finds its main use in <a href="/wiki/Thematic_map" title="Thematic map">thematic mapping</a>. In particular, the plate carrée has become a standard for global <a href="/wiki/Geographic_information_system" title="Geographic information system">raster datasets</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Celestia" title="Celestia">Celestia</a>, <a href="/wiki/NASA_World_Wind" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA World Wind">NASA World Wind</a>, the <a href="/wiki/USGS" class="mw-redirect" title="USGS">USGS</a> <a href="/wiki/Astrogeology_Research_Program" title="Astrogeology Research Program">Astrogeology Research Program</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Natural_Earth" title="Natural Earth">Natural Earth</a>, because of the particularly simple relationship between the position of an <a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">image pixel</a> on the map and its corresponding geographic location on Earth or other spherical solar system bodies. In addition it is frequently used in panoramic photography to represent a spherical panoramic image.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The forward projection transforms spherical coordinates into planar coordinates. The reverse projection transforms from the plane back onto the sphere. The formulae presume a <a href="/wiki/Figure_of_the_Earth" title="Figure of the Earth">spherical model</a> and use these definitions: </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>λ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b43d0ea3c9c025af1be9128e62a18fa74bedda2a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.355ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda }"></span> is the <a href="/wiki/Longitude" title="Longitude">longitude</a> of the location to project;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33ee699558d09cf9d653f6351f9fda0b2f4aaa3e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.52ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi }"></span> is the <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a> of the location to project;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d7daf493c8f6ef669c04c7b9715532fc35d12d60" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"></span> are the standard parallels (north and south of the equator) where the scale of the projection is true;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6cf63e8f16cefbe25d3d028fbb464a8c4a53cc7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{0}}"></span> is the central parallel of the map;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda _{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda _{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cfa5ad1eb6cdaf3d8dfd77991ee9ce7bdf169184" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.409ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda _{0}}"></span> is the central meridian of the map;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span> is the horizontal coordinate of the projected location on the map;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>y</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}"></span> is the vertical coordinate of the projected location on the map;</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4b0bfb3769bf24d80e15374dc37b0441e2616e33" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R}"></span> is the radius of the globe.</li></ul> <p>Longitude and latitude variables are defined here in terms of radians. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forward">Forward</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Forward"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x&=R(\lambda -\lambda _{0})\cos \varphi _{1}\\y&=R(\varphi -\varphi _{0})\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>x</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>y</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>φ</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x&=R(\lambda -\lambda _{0})\cos \varphi _{1}\\y&=R(\varphi -\varphi _{0})\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/306e3c366e56a773c669f9c79feaf32f2b50ba8a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:21.818ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x&=R(\lambda -\lambda _{0})\cos \varphi _{1}\\y&=R(\varphi -\varphi _{0})\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>The <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">plate carrée</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, for <i>flat square</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the special case where <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d7daf493c8f6ef669c04c7b9715532fc35d12d60" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"></span> is zero. This projection maps <i>x</i> to be the value of the longitude and <i>y</i> to be the value of the latitude,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and therefore is sometimes called the latitude/longitude or lat/lon(g) projection. Despite sometimes being called "unprojected",<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (December 2022)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> it is actually projected.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d7daf493c8f6ef669c04c7b9715532fc35d12d60" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}}"></span> is not zero, such as <a href="/wiki/Marinus_of_Tyre" title="Marinus of Tyre">Marinus</a>'s <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=36}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>36</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=36}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7854adc1f5b1caaa26284f45f051e592f94b15c6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.998ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=36}"></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Scottish Geographical Society">Ronald Miller</a>'s <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=(37.5,43.5,50.5)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>37.5</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>43.5</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>50.5</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=(37.5,43.5,50.5)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/86a486d03497a11bd8ab59db5ce996411392795e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:21.953ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{1}=(37.5,43.5,50.5)}"></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the projection can portray particular latitudes of interest at true scale. </p><p>While a projection with equally spaced parallels is possible for an ellipsoidal model, it would no longer be equidistant because the distance between parallels on an ellipsoid is not constant. More complex formulae can be used to create an equidistant map whose parallels reflect the true spacing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reverse">Reverse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Reverse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\lambda &={\frac {x}{R\cos \varphi _{1}}}+\lambda _{0}\\\varphi &={\frac {y}{R}}+\varphi _{0}\end{aligned}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>λ</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>φ</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi></mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>y</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>φ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\lambda &={\frac {x}{R\cos \varphi _{1}}}+\lambda _{0}\\\varphi &={\frac {y}{R}}+\varphi _{0}\end{aligned}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/111a15fecc1eba62e326abadf09669dbec467eb2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.339ex; margin-bottom: -0.332ex; width:19.68ex; height:10.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\lambda &={\frac {x}{R\cos \varphi _{1}}}+\lambda _{0}\\\varphi &={\frac {y}{R}}+\varphi _{0}\end{aligned}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_names">Alternative names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Alternative names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In spherical panorama viewers, usually: </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>λ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b43d0ea3c9c025af1be9128e62a18fa74bedda2a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.355ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda }"></span> is called "yaw";<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>φ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33ee699558d09cf9d653f6351f9fda0b2f4aaa3e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.52ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi }"></span> is called "pitch";<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>where both are defined in degrees. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartography" title="Cartography">Cartography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassini_projection" title="Cassini projection">Cassini projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection" title="Gall–Peters projection">Gall–Peters projection</a> (mentions a resolution rejecting the use of all rectangular world maps)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_map_projections" title="List of map projections">List of map projections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercator_projection" title="Mercator projection">Mercator projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/360_video_projection" title="360 video projection">360 video projection</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps%20of%20the%20world%20with%20equirectangular%20projection">Wikimedia Gallery of Equirectangular World Maps</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections</i>, John P. Snyder, 1993, pp. 5–8, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-76747-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-76747-7">0-226-76747-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.panotools.org/Equirectangular_Projection">"Equirectangular Projection - PanoTools.org Wiki"</a>. <i>wiki.panotools.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.panotools.org&rft.atitle=Equirectangular+Projection+-+PanoTools.org+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.panotools.org%2FEquirectangular_Projection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarkas" class="citation web cs1">Farkas, Gábor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/practical-gis/9781787123328/Text/b21938a9-09f7-46fa-b905-58a0a4ed7d8f.xhtml">"Plate Carrée - a simple example"</a>. <i>O’Reilly Online Learning</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=O%E2%80%99Reilly+Online+Learning&rft.atitle=Plate+Carr%C3%A9e+-+a+simple+example&rft.aulast=Farkas&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oreilly.com%2Flibrary%2Fview%2Fpractical-gis%2F9781787123328%2FText%2Fb21938a9-09f7-46fa-b905-58a0a4ed7d8f.xhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_A._LongleyMichael_F._GoodchildDavid_J._MaguireDavid_W._Rhind2005" class="citation book cs1">Paul A. Longley; Michael F. Goodchild; David J. Maguire; David W. Rhind (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-FbVI-2tSuYC&pg=PA119"><i>Geographic Information Systems and Science</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 119. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470870013" title="Special:BookSources/9780470870013"><bdi>9780470870013</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geographic+Information+Systems+and+Science&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780470870013&rft.au=Paul+A.+Longley&rft.au=Michael+F.+Goodchild&rft.au=David+J.+Maguire&rft.au=David+W.+Rhind&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-FbVI-2tSuYC%26pg%3DPA119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections</i>, John P. Snyder, 1993, pp. 7, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-76747-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-76747-7">0-226-76747-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proj.org/operations/projections/eqc.html">"Equidistant Cylindrical (Plate Carrée)"</a>. <i>PROJ coordinate transformation software library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PROJ+coordinate+transformation+software+library&rft.atitle=Equidistant+Cylindrical+%28Plate+Carr%C3%A9e%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fproj.org%2Foperations%2Fprojections%2Feqc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.panotools.org/Yaw">"Yaw - PanoTools.org Wiki"</a>. <i>wiki.panotools.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.panotools.org&rft.atitle=Yaw+-+PanoTools.org+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.panotools.org%2FYaw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.panotools.org/Pitch">"Pitch - PanoTools.org Wiki"</a>. <i>wiki.panotools.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiki.panotools.org&rft.atitle=Pitch+-+PanoTools.org+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.panotools.org%2FPitch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEquirectangular+projection" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=57730">Global MODIS based satellite map</a> The blue marble: land surface, ocean color, and sea ice.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radicalcartography.net/?projectionref">Table of examples and properties of all common projections</a>, from radicalcartography.net.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Equirectangular">Panoramic Equirectangular Projection</a>, PanoTools wiki.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proj4.org/operations/projections/eqc.html">Equidistant Cylindrical (Plate Carrée) in proj4</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Map_projections" title="Template:Map projections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Map_projections" title="Template talk:Map projections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Map_projections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Map projections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Map_projection" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection" title="Map projection">Map projection</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cartography" title="History of cartography">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_map_projections" title="List of map projections">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Maps" title="Portal:Maps">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="By_surface" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Projections_by_surface" title="Map projection">By surface</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Cylindrical" title="Map projection">Cylindrical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mercator_projection" title="Mercator projection">Mercator</a>-conformal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Kr%C3%BCger_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauss–Krüger coordinate system">Gauss–Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_Mercator_projection" title="Transverse Mercator projection">Transverse Mercator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblique_Mercator_projection" title="Oblique Mercator projection">Oblique Mercator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Equal-area</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Balthasart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behrmann_projection" title="Behrmann projection">Behrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection" title="Gall–Peters projection">Gall–Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobo%E2%80%93Dyer_projection" title="Hobo–Dyer projection">Hobo–Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_cylindrical_equal-area_projection" title="Lambert cylindrical equal-area projection">Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Smyth equal-surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Trystan Edwards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassini_projection" title="Cassini projection">Cassini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_cylindrical_projection" title="Central cylindrical projection">Central</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Equirectangular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gall_stereographic_projection" title="Gall stereographic projection">Gall stereographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gall_isographic_projection" title="Gall isographic projection">Gall isographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_cylindrical_projection" title="Miller cylindrical projection">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space-oblique_Mercator_projection" title="Space-oblique Mercator projection">Space-oblique Mercator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Mercator_projection" title="Web Mercator projection">Web Mercator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Pseudocylindrical" title="Map projection">Pseudocylindrical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Equal-area" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equal-area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collignon_projection" title="Collignon projection">Collignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_II_projection" title="Eckert II projection">Eckert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_IV_projection" title="Eckert IV projection">Eckert IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_VI_projection" title="Eckert VI projection">Eckert VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_Earth_projection" title="Equal Earth projection">Equal Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goode_homolosine_projection" title="Goode homolosine projection">Goode homolosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollweide_projection" title="Mollweide projection">Mollweide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinusoidal_projection" title="Sinusoidal projection">Sinusoidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobler_hyperelliptical_projection" title="Tobler hyperelliptical projection">Tobler hyperelliptical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kavrayskiy_VII_projection" title="Kavrayskiy VII projection">Kavrayskiy VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_VI_projection" title="Wagner VI projection">Wagner VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winkel_projection" title="Winkel projection">Winkel I and II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Conical" title="Map projection">Conical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albers_projection" title="Albers projection">Albers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equidistant_conic_projection" title="Equidistant conic projection">Equidistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_conformal_conic_projection" title="Lambert conformal conic projection">Lambert conformal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Pseudoconical" title="Map projection">Pseudoconical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonne_projection" title="Bonne projection">Bonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottomley_projection" title="Bottomley projection">Bottomley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyconic_projection_class" title="Polyconic projection class">Polyconic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_polyconic_projection" title="American polyconic projection">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latitudinally_equal-differential_polyconic_projection" title="Latitudinally equal-differential polyconic projection">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_projection" title="Werner projection">Werner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Azimuthal" title="Map projection">Azimuthal<br /><span class="nobold">(planar)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="General_perspective" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/General_Perspective_projection" title="General Perspective projection">General perspective</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnomonic_projection" title="Gnomonic projection">Gnomonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthographic_map_projection" title="Orthographic map projection">Orthographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereographic_map_projection" title="Stereographic map projection">Stereographic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azimuthal_equidistant_projection" title="Azimuthal equidistant projection">Equidistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_azimuthal_equal-area_projection" title="Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection">Lambert equal-area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Pseudoazimuthal" title="Map projection">Pseudoazimuthal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitoff_projection" title="Aitoff projection">Aitoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_projection" title="Hammer projection">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiechel_projection" title="Wiechel projection">Wiechel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winkel_tripel_projection" title="Winkel tripel projection">Winkel tripel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="By_metric" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Projections_by_preservation_of_a_metric_property" title="Map projection">By metric</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conformal_map_projection" title="Conformal map projection">Conformal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_hemisphere-in-a-square_projection" title="Adams hemisphere-in-a-square projection">Adams hemisphere-in-a-square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Kr%C3%BCger_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauss–Krüger coordinate system">Gauss–Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyou_hemisphere-in-a-square_projection" title="Guyou hemisphere-in-a-square projection">Guyou hemisphere-in-a-square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_conformal_conic_projection" title="Lambert conformal conic projection">Lambert conformal conic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercator_projection" title="Mercator projection">Mercator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peirce_quincuncial_projection" title="Peirce quincuncial projection">Peirce quincuncial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereographic_projection" title="Stereographic projection">Stereographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_Mercator_projection" title="Transverse Mercator projection">Transverse Mercator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Equal-area_projection" title="Equal-area projection">Equal-area</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bonne_projection" title="Bonne projection">Bonne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinusoidal_projection" title="Sinusoidal projection">Sinusoidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_projection" title="Werner projection">Werner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bottomley_projection" title="Bottomley projection">Bottomley</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinusoidal_projection" title="Sinusoidal projection">Sinusoidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_projection" title="Werner projection">Werner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Cylindrical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Balthasart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behrmann_projection" title="Behrmann projection">Behrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection" title="Gall–Peters projection">Gall–Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobo%E2%80%93Dyer_projection" title="Hobo–Dyer projection">Hobo–Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_cylindrical_equal-area_projection" title="Lambert cylindrical equal-area projection">Lambert cylindrical equal-area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Smyth equal-surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylindrical_equal-area_projection#Discussion" title="Cylindrical equal-area projection">Trystan Edwards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tobler_hyperelliptical_projection" title="Tobler hyperelliptical projection">Tobler hyperelliptical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collignon_projection" title="Collignon projection">Collignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollweide_projection" title="Mollweide projection">Mollweide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albers_projection" title="Albers projection">Albers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_projection#Briesemeister" title="Hammer projection">Briesemeister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_II_projection" title="Eckert II projection">Eckert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_IV_projection" title="Eckert IV projection">Eckert IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert_VI_projection" title="Eckert VI projection">Eckert VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_Earth_projection" title="Equal Earth projection">Equal Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goode_homolosine_projection" title="Goode homolosine projection">Goode homolosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_projection" title="Hammer projection">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambert_azimuthal_equal-area_projection" title="Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection">Lambert azimuthal equal-area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrilateralized_spherical_cube" title="Quadrilateralized spherical cube">Quadrilateralized spherical cube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strebe_1995_projection" title="Strebe 1995 projection">Strebe 1995</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Equidistant" title="Map projection">Equidistant in<br />some aspect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equidistant_conic_projection" title="Equidistant conic projection">Conic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Equirectangular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinusoidal_projection" title="Sinusoidal projection">Sinusoidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-point_equidistant_projection" title="Two-point equidistant projection">Two-point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_projection" title="Werner projection">Werner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Gnomonic" title="Map projection">Gnomonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnomonic_projection" title="Gnomonic projection">Gnomonic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Rhumb_line" title="Map projection">Loxodromic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loximuthal_projection" title="Loximuthal projection">Loximuthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercator_projection" title="Mercator projection">Mercator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Retroazimuthal" title="Map projection">Retroazimuthal</a><br /><span class="nobold">(Mecca or Qibla)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_retroazimuthal_projection" title="Craig retroazimuthal projection">Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_retroazimuthal_projection" title="Hammer retroazimuthal projection">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littrow_projection" title="Littrow projection">Littrow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="By_construction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Classification" title="Map projection">By construction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Compromise_projections" title="Map projection">Compromise</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlin_trimetric_projection" title="Chamberlin trimetric projection">Chamberlin trimetric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavrayskiy_VII_projection" title="Kavrayskiy VII projection">Kavrayskiy VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_cylindrical_projection" title="Miller cylindrical projection">Miller cylindrical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Earth_projection" title="Natural Earth projection">Natural Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinson_projection" title="Robinson projection">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_der_Grinten_projection" title="Van der Grinten projection">Van der Grinten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_VI_projection" title="Wagner VI projection">Wagner VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winkel_tripel_projection" title="Winkel tripel projection">Winkel tripel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Hybrid" title="Map projection">Hybrid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goode_homolosine_projection" title="Goode homolosine projection">Goode homolosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEALPix" title="HEALPix">HEALPix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Perspective_projections" title="Map projection">Perspective</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planar" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/General_Perspective_projection" title="General Perspective projection">Planar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnomonic_projection" title="Gnomonic projection">Gnomonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthographic_map_projection" title="Orthographic map projection">Orthographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereographic_projection" title="Stereographic projection">Stereographic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_cylindrical_projection" title="Central cylindrical projection">Central cylindrical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Map_projection#Polyhedral" title="Map projection">Polyhedral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AuthaGraph_projection" title="AuthaGraph projection">AuthaGraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_J._S._Cahill" title="Bernard J. S. Cahill">Cahill Butterfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahill%E2%80%93Keyes_projection" title="Cahill–Keyes projection">Cahill–Keyes M-shape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dymaxion_map" title="Dymaxion map">Dymaxion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snyder_equal-area_projection" title="Snyder equal-area projection">ISEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrilateralized_spherical_cube" title="Quadrilateralized spherical cube">Quadrilateralized spherical cube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterman_butterfly_projection" title="Waterman butterfly projection">Waterman butterfly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="See_also" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">See also</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interruption_(map_projection)" title="Interruption (map projection)">Interruption (map projection)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">Latitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longitude" title="Longitude">Longitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tissot%27s_indicatrix" title="Tissot's indicatrix">Tissot's indicatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map_projection_of_the_tri-axial_ellipsoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Map projection of the tri-axial ellipsoid">Map projection of the tri-axial ellipsoid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&oldid=1243350398">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Equirectangular_projection&oldid=1243350398</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Equidistant_projections" title="Category:Equidistant projections">Equidistant projections</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cylindrical_projections" title="Category:Cylindrical projections">Cylindrical projections</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_December_2022" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from December 2022">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from December 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 1 September 2024, at 00:01<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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