CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html class="page_article article_conference composition_conference ltr en no-js" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://www.concurrences.com/"> <script type='text/javascript'>/*<![CDATA[*/(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement);/*]]>*/</script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Antitrust In Life Sciences - Webinar #3: Do Pharmaceutical Mergers Harm Consumers? - Concurrences</title> <meta name="description" content="Webinar part of the "Antitrust in Life Sciences" conference organized by Concurrences and Fordham University, with Max Miller (Iowa Attorney General's Office), Patricia Danzon (The Wharton School),…" /> <style type='text/css'>img.adapt-img{max-width:100%;height:auto;}.adapt-img-wrapper {display:inline-block;max-width:100%;position:relative;background-position:center;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;line-height:1px;overflow:hidden}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic{display:block}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic::before{content:'';display:block;height:0;width:100%;}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic img{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:auto;}.adapt-img-wrapper.loading:not(.loaded){background-size: cover;}@media (min-width:320.5px){.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop{display:block}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop::before{content:'';display:block;height:0;width:100%;}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop img{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:auto;}}.adapt-img-background{width:100%;height:0}@media print{html .adapt-img-wrapper{background:none}}</style> <script type='text/javascript'>/*<![CDATA[*/var adaptImgDocLength=134733;adaptImgAsyncStyles="picture.adapt-img-wrapper{background-size:0;}";adaptImgLazy=false;(function(){function d(a){var b=document.documentElement;b.className=b.className+" "+a}function f(a){var b=window.onload;window.onload="function"!=typeof window.onload?a:function(){b&&b();a()}}document.createElement("picture");adaptImgLazy&&d("lazy");var a=!1;if("undefined"!==typeof window.performance)a=window.performance.timing,a=(a=~~(adaptImgDocLength/(a.responseEnd-a.connectStart)))&&50>a;else{var c=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection;"undefined"!==typeof c&& (a=3==c.type||4==c.type||/^[23]g$/.test(c.type))}a&&d("aislow");var e=function(){var a=document.createElement("style");a.type="text/css";a.innerHTML=adaptImgAsyncStyles;var b=document.getElementsByTagName("style")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b);window.matchMedia||window.onbeforeprint||beforePrint()};"undefined"!==typeof jQuery?jQuery(function(){jQuery(window).on('load',e)}):f(e)})();/*]]>*/</script>  <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers" />   <link rel="schema.DC" href="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <link rel="schema.DCTERMS" href="https://purl.org/dc/terms/" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="rfc1766" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.Title" lang="en" content="Antitrust In Life Sciences - Webinar #3: Do Pharmaceutical Mergers Harm Consumers?" /> <meta name="DC.Description.Abstract" lang="en" content="Webinar part of the "Antitrust in Life Sciences" conference organized by Concurrences and Fordham University, with Max Miller (Iowa Attorney General's Office), Patricia Danzon (The Wharton School),…" /> <meta name="DC.Date" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" content="2020-07-02" /> <meta name="DC.created" scheme="WTN8601" content="2020-07-02T00:00:00" /> <meta name="DC.date.created" scheme="WTN8601" content="2020-07-02T00:00:00" /> <meta name="DC.Date.Modified" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" content="2021-04-30" /> <meta name="DC.Identifier" scheme="URI" content="https://www.concurrences.com/en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers" /> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="Concurrences" /> <meta name="DC.Source" scheme="URI" content="https://www.concurrences.com" /> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Miller , Max" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Miller , Max" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Office of the Iowa State Attorney General (Des Moines)"/> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Danzon, Patricia" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Danzon, Patricia" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School (Philadelphia)"/> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Rozanski, George A." /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Rozanski, George A." /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="BakerHostetler (New York)"/> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Hemphill, Scott" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Hemphill, Scott" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="New York University"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="United States of America" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Mergers" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Excessive prices" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Rebates" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Cost-oriented prices" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Pharmaceutical" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Healthcare" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="https://www.concurrences.com/squelettes/img/logo/favicon/favicon.svg" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/38/eb53752304d66f157aaf81b9ef6dd6.ico" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="48x48" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/2b/0d54d963c60e773622ff95e0b4c182.ico" /> <link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/b8/42ed8c8a24f31e702c68b2aa6f69ba.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/05/6ca8b6d4c932f8e13bf741535dd98e.png" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://matomo.concurrences.com/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="generator" content="SPIP 4.3.4" /> <meta name="bingbot" content="nocache" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Subscribe to the whole site" href="en/page/backend/" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel='stylesheet' href='local/cache-css/9ef4d70b4b6709daec6af6b3147131c3.css?1732698617' type='text/css' /> <script>window.MathJaxLib='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-chtml.js';window.MathJax={ startup: { elements: ['.spip-math'] }, tex: { inlineMath: [['$', '$']] }, svg: { fontCache: 'global' } };</script><script type='text/javascript'>var var_zajax_content='content';</script><script> var mediabox_settings={"auto_detect":true,"ns":"box","tt_img":true,"sel_g":"#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/jpeg'],#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/png'],#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/gif']","sel_c":".mediabox","str_ssStart":"Slideshow","str_ssStop":"Stop","str_cur":"{current}\/{total}","str_prev":"Previous","str_next":"Next","str_close":"Close","str_loading":"Loading\u2026","str_petc":"Press \u2019Esc\u2019 to close","str_dialTitDef":"Dialogue box","str_dialTitMed":"Media display","splash_url":"","lity":{"skin":"_simple-dark","maxWidth":"90%","maxHeight":"90%","minWidth":"400px","minHeight":"","slideshow_speed":"2500","opacite":"0.8","defaultCaptionState":"expanded"}}; </script>  <style>p.spip-math {margin:1em 0;text-align: center}</style> <script type='text/javascript' src='local/cache-js/54e8ce81bfe7b8537886d04b4fb6cdfc.js?1732029944'></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> window.spipConfig ??= {}; spipConfig.select2 ??= {}; spipConfig.select2.selector ??= ''; </script><script src="https://cdn.nuclia.cloud/nuclia-video-widget.umd.js"></script><link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.concurrences.com/oembed.api/?format=json&url=%2F%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fantitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers" /> <script>var error_on_ajaxform='Ooops. An unexpected error prevented to submit the form. You can try again.';</script> </head> <body> <div class="page" id="page"> <header id="header" class="page-header" data-idc-header-sticky role="banner"> <section id="header-main" class="page-header__main"> <div id="header-logo" class="page-header__logo"> <a rel="start home" href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/" title="Home"> <img src='squelettes/img/logo/20ans/concurrences.svg?1704296160' alt='Concurrences' width='2750' height='800' /> </a> </div> <nav id="header-aside1" class="page-header__aside page-header__aside_1"> <span class="social social_links"> <a class="social__icon social__icon_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/CompetitionLaws" title="Visit our Twitter page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_twitter-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/institute-of-competition-law-icl-institut-de-droit-de-la-concurrence-idc-" title="Visit our Linkedin page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_linkedin-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Linkedin (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/concurrences.review/" title="Visit our Facebook page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_facebook-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/concurrences_review/" title="Visit our Instagram page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_instagram-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Instagram (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/ConcurrencesReview" title="Visit our Youtube page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_youtube-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Youtube (opens a new window)</span> </a> </span> <span class="lang"> <a href='https://www.concurrences.com/spip.php?action=language&var_lang=fr&redirect=%2F%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fantitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers' title='Passer à la version française'>Fr</a> | <strong class="on active">En</strong> </span> <span class="about"> <a href="en/institute" title="About Concurrences"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_info" aria-hidden></em> <span class="about__label">About</span></a> </span> </nav> <nav id="header-aside2" class="page-header__aside page-header__aside_2"> <a href="en/page/subscribe/" class="tem newsletter"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_mail" aria-hidden></em> <span>Newsletter</span></a> <a href="en/page/login/" class="item popin link-popin-login"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_log-in" aria-hidden></em> <span>Sign in</span></a> <a href="en/page/cart/" class="item"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_shopping-cart" aria-hidden></em> <span>Cart</span> </a> <button class="item search hide" onclick="jQuery('#header-search').toggleClass('visible');return false;"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_search" aria-hidden></em> </button> </nav> </section> <section id="header-nav" class="page-header__nav"> <nav class="navbar navbar-responsive"> <div class="menu-conteneur navbar-inner container-fluid"> <a class="btn btn-navbar navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse-main"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></a> <div class="nav-collapse navbar-collapse nav-collapse-main collapse"><ul class="menu-liste menu-items navbar-nav nav" data-depth="0"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/bulletin/" class="menu-items__lien">Bulletin</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/review/" class="menu-items__lien">Review</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu on active"> <a href="en/events/" class="menu-items__lien">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique"> <a href="en/all-books/" class="menu-items__lien">Books</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_badge"> <a href="en/dictionary/" class="menu-items__lien">Dictionary <small>Free</small></a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/podcasts" class="menu-items__lien">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_lien"> <a href="https://awards.concurrences.com" class="menu-items__lien">Awards</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item-primary"> <a href="en/abonnements/" class="menu-items__lien">Subscriptions</a> </li> </ul></div></div> </nav> </section> <section id="header-search" class="page-header__search searchbar"> <hr> <div class="searchbar-item searchbar-item_search"> <div class="searchbar-inner"> <div class="formulaire_spip formulaire_recherche form-search"> <form action="en/page/recherche/#" method="get"><div> <label for="recherche" class="over offscreen">Search:</label> <div class="input-append input-group input-group-text-search"> <input type="text" class="search text search-query form-control" name="recherche" id="recherche" accesskey="4" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" placeholder="Type your search…"/> <span class="btn-group input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" > <i class="picto picto-search"></i> <span>Search</span> </button> </span> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </section> </header> <nav class="breadcrumb-wrapper" id="breadcrumb-wrapper" role="navigation"> <div class="container"> <ul class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="https://www.concurrences.com/">Home</a><span class="divider"> > </span></li> <li><a href="en/events/">Events</a><span class="divider"> > </span></li> <li class="active"><span class="on active">Antitrust In Life Sciences - Webinar #3: Do Pharmaceutical Mergers Harm (…)</span></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="central" id="central"> <div class="banner-top" id="banner-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="banners clearfix format-full position-haut" data-interval="5000"> <div class="banners-inner" role="listbox" style="padding-bottom: 5.33%"> <div class="item active"> <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/evenement/new-frontiers-of-antitrust-conference-6637"><picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c415257523 png" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731940643 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731938382 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731941833 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731937767 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731941674 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731955498 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1732034567 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731941596 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731945621 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731949842 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731943458 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731966398 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731938867 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731938390 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731946188 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731951081 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731945074 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731941056 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731948230 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731952470 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731939473 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731944200 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731939980 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731938526 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png@.webp?1731937840 3000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731938660' alt='NFA event EN' width='3000' height='160' class='adapt-img' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731946808 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731942373 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731941656 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731945515 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/nfa-home-en-3.png?1731938660 3000w' sizes='(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw' /></picture></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper" id="wrapper"> <div class="container"> <main class="content primary" id="content" role="main"> <div class="prev-next prev-next-article prev-next-conference"> <a href="en/events/the-general-court-s-ck-telecoms-ruling-is-three-the-new-magic-number-towards-a" rel="prev" class="prev pull-left"> <span>Previous</span> <span>event</span> <div class="conference-date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">1 </span><span class="m">Jul</span></span><span class="y"> 2020</span></div> <span class="article-title">The General Court’s CK Telecoms ruling: Is Three the New Magic Number? Towards a re-assessment of unilateral effects in merger review</span> </a> <a href="en/events/reform-of-the-vber-what-changes-to-expect-en" rel="next" class="next pull-right"> <span>Next</span> <span>event</span> <div class="conference-date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">2 </span><span class="m">Jul</span></span><span class="y"> 2020</span></div> <span class="article-title">Reform of the VBER : What changes to expect ?</span> </a> </div> <div class=" social-share-affix"> <div class="social-share"> <span>Share on</span> <a href="http://twitter.com/home?status=Antitrust%20In%20Life%20Sciences%20-%20Webinar%20%233%3A%20Do%20Pharmaceutical%20Mergers%20Harm%20Consumers%3F%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concurrences.com%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fantitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers" title="Share on Twitter" class="popup share--twitter"> <img src='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAAt0lEQVR42s3TrwrCQBzAcf8UkyD4BgZBBA1WmZjEYhsYbD6BVduyRjHvEXwDH0CT3bQ16zDM/fyGhUN+uwsrC59wB/c9OH5XE5FSKhRYrtYDdPO1uT/HCxmu2MDXAgc80Tf2WnhDDCkCLbCFIMERY4wgfyJ0tMBMue2rBG5Fb+BD4HIuCjRwQeoILNRAHtkhsxy+o24LNBEgVg4nGNrmoAcPJ3wghhhT1yBNECIybnxgj3a1/0IpP4/HfC5+XDxAAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC' alt='Share on Twitter' width='16' height='16' /> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concurrences.com%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fantitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers" title="Share on Facebook" class="popup share--facebook"> <img src='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAAdUlEQVQ4y2P4//8/AyWYgWoGePlHfgLi/0TgT7gMwKXhHxCfBOIdQPwBJEaqAZFIag6QasAPIGYCYlcgPgfEX0g14ANUrgBZnFgDJgCxHFSOD4gVgPghKQasAGJvqJwyEAcA8S+6eoH+Bnwi0oBPtMkLA2YAAO4ce1AhpEf6AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC' alt='Share on Facebook' width='16' height='16' /> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concurrences.com%2Fen%2Fevents%2Fantitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers&mini=true&title=Antitrust%20In%20Life%20Sciences%20-%20Webinar%20%233%3A%20Do%20Pharmaceutical%20Mergers%20Harm%20Consumers%3F" title="Share on LinkedIn" class="popup share--gplus"> <img src='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAAhUlEQVQ4y2P4//8/AyWYgSoGePlHbQHif0A869+/fwyEMDYD3gDxfyC+SK4B8kAcBsRi5BqwAogPAPEEkAIk/mQgbgfiB0D8DIjnAzE/NgMeQL1wAGoAjA/Cv4H4OxJ/DSkGvIV6jwuIr0DFfpBiwEGYv4HsBTBXkGLAgSFiwMDnhQE1AAD5q5v/Eb9f6AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==' alt='Share on LinkedIn' width='16' height='16' /> </a> <a href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#" id="recommander_bouton" title="Share by email" class="popup share--email"> <img src='data:image/png;base64,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' alt='Share by email' width='16' height='16' /> </a> | <a href="javascript:print();" title="Print" class="popup share--print"> <img src='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAaBJREFUeNqkU7tKA1EQnbn7yCaxs5F8g6BFfkBio2IREUsLv8EvSRXxByzEFIpWwU8QwV5SSQQbi7jZxx3P7GY3ayASyIX7nnNm5ty5LCK0TnN16J6cYhQS4a6Q2cEmXWLvMNlXZhkQMQ3ubnMCKwy40X4GkkM9WkJgmM0jix0oooxAN6m4xGxHhuUFR/ESAg+wkRWHXI7nBC4ngSWzjQiukcrVfynAnTGctoF5wz7MCCLxHxLxOqtL5+gwRN/PNSCzW6SyShNYFphCgy9Mm7PLCaZkkUxBWbYkjQomJ8gbZ2YeRxdI50kBBUmxhnAHuLvJbSt1UCSlFw6nY/Tv0NY1TCpSq5lQl+NE/D9CuDMPW1oHDPExBw4nVOOQkhm/i5Vhq08d5PYmw1Sf8dIhewyDDi6aKKYM4NO0TE+yYuMmxqnP4RA1c18SeBz34a0fi/cOg5aa5qJxRSE9kZYl/vA4PYLTuQaR9SnOc2sk4vZSMueA1Bce7weht7H4nNqALEdzAihbeOml4uxBnw1sJwvPr/9jCJtnjaXErPudfwUYAOEsrvZL5vghAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC' alt='Print' width='16' height='16' /> </a> </div> <div id='recommander'> <div class="ajax"> <div class="formulaire_spip formulaire_recommander" id="formulaire_recommander"> <form method="post" action="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers"><div> <span class="form-hidden"><input name='formulaire_action' type='hidden' value='recommander'><input name='formulaire_action_args' type='hidden' value='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'><input name='formulaire_action_sign' type='hidden' value=''><input type='hidden' name='_jeton' value='64f63ecba1ea49e2b7a1ae7e612101a571eb17a53ec2cee85b7b2945b6eb502d' /><label class='check_if_nobot'><input type='checkbox' name='_nospam_encrypt' value='1' /> I’m not a robot. </label></span><div class="editer-groupe"> <div class="editer editer_recommander_from"> <label for='recommander_from'>Your email address</label><input type='text' class='text forml' id='recommander_from' name='x_MS9mL0o3ZndGQ2VsVm5RSHVsc1IvS0w0SVE9PQ' value='' /> </div> <div class="editer editer_recommander_to"> <label for='recommander_to'>Recipient</label><input type='text' class='text forml formo' id='recommander_to' name='x_MS9mL0o3ZndGQ2VsVm5RSHVsc1I3cjg9' value='' /> </div> <div class="editer editer_recommander_message"> <label for='recommander_message'>Text of your message</label><textarea class='text forml' id='recommander_message' name='x_MS9mL0o3ZndGQ2VsVm5RSHVsc1I5N1hrUDF6STZnPT0' rows='5' cols='30'></textarea> </div> </div> <p class='boutons spip_bouton'><input type='submit' class='submit' name='x_MS9mL0o3ZndGQ2VsVm5RSHVsc1IvNzMySlZFPQ' value='Send' /></p> </div><div class="editer saisie_session_email" style="display: none;"> <label for="give_me_your_email">Please leave this field empty:</label> <input type="text" class="text email" name='x_MS9mL01ML3lFaWFYV1hVQnNGMD0' id="give_me_your_email" value="" size="10" /> </div></form> </div></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */ jQuery(function(){ (function($){ $(".formulaire_recommander").each(function(){$(this).hide().css("height","").removeClass('hide')}); $("#recommander>h2, #recommander_bouton, .recommander-actionnable") .not('.recommander-clicable') .addClass('recommander-clicable') .click(function(){ var $actionnable=$(this); var $form; if($actionnable.data('target-form')){ $form=$($actionnable.data('target-form')); } else{ $form=$actionnable.closest('.recommander-box').find('.formulaire_recommander'); if(!$form.length){ $form=$('.formulaire_recommander').eq(0); } } if($form.is(':visible')){ $form.slideUp(); } else{ $form.slideDown(); } return false; }); }(jQuery)); }); /* ]]> */</script> </div> <article class="longform longform_event-article"> <header class="section section_longform section_cartouche"> <div class="cartouche"> <div class="section__container"> <div class="cartouche__label cartouche__label_date"> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2020-07-02T10:00:00Z"><span class="dm"><span class="d">2 </span><span class="m">Jul</span></span><span class="y"> 2020</span></time> <span class="location">Online</span> </p> </div> <div class="cartouche__title"> <h1> <span class="crayon article-titre-95492 ">Antitrust In Life Sciences - Webinar #3: Do Pharmaceutical Mergers Harm Consumers?</span> </h1> </div> <div class="cartouche__description"> <div class="crayon article-descriptif-95492 descriptif"><p>Webinar part of the "Antitrust in Life Sciences" conference organized by Concurrences and Fordham University, with <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/max-miller?var_mode=calcul">Max Miller</a> (Iowa Attorney General’s Office), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/danzon-wharton-upenn-edu">Patricia Danzon</a> (The Wharton School), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/george-a-rozanski">George Rozanski</a> (Bates White), and <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/scott-hemphill">Scott Hemphill</a> (NYU Law).</p></div> </div> <div class="liste supports documents_joints"> <ul class="liste-items"> <li class="item item-play"><article class="entry document spip_doc mp3" onclick="show_document_disabled();return false;"> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"> <a class="btn btn-primary-border disabled" href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#" rel="bookmark" type="audio/mpeg"><img src='plugins-dist/dist/core/medias/prive/vignettes/mp3.svg' width="64" height="64" alt='' class='spip_logo spip_logos spip_document_icone' /> Audio</a></strong> </article></li> <li class="item"><article class="entry document spip_doc pdf" onclick="show_document_disabled();return false;"> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"> <a class="btn btn-primary-border disabled" href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#" rel="bookmark" type="application/pdf" title="Upload PDF - 3.5 MiB" ><img src='plugins-dist/dist/core/medias/prive/vignettes/pdf.svg' width="64" height="64" alt='' class='spip_logo spip_logos spip_document_icone' /> Presentations</a></strong> <p class="publication"><time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2020-07-02T20:38:00Z"><i class="icon-calendar"></i> 2 July 2020</time> <span class="type"><span class="sep"> - </span>PDF</span><span class="poids"><span class="sep"> - </span>3.5 MiB</span> </p> </article></li> <li class="item"><article class="entry document spip_doc pdf" onclick="show_document_disabled();return false;"> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"> <a class="btn btn-primary-border disabled" href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#" rel="bookmark" type="application/pdf" title="Upload PDF - 665.3 KiB" ><img src='plugins-dist/dist/core/medias/prive/vignettes/pdf.svg' width="64" height="64" alt='' class='spip_logo spip_logos spip_document_icone' /> Transcript</a></strong> <p class="publication"><time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2020-07-07T17:36:00Z"><i class="icon-calendar"></i> 7 July 2020</time> <span class="type"><span class="sep"> - </span>PDF</span><span class="poids"><span class="sep"> - </span>665.3 KiB</span> </p> </article></li> <li class="item"><article class="entry document spip_doc pdf" onclick="show_document_disabled();return false;"> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"> <a class="btn btn-primary-border disabled" href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#" rel="bookmark" type="application/pdf" title="Upload PDF - 387.3 KiB" ><img src='plugins-dist/dist/core/medias/prive/vignettes/pdf.svg' width="64" height="64" alt='' class='spip_logo spip_logos spip_document_icone' /> Synthesis</a></strong> <p class="publication"><time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2020-07-13T20:46:00Z"><i class="icon-calendar"></i> 13 July 2020</time> <span class="type"><span class="sep"> - </span>PDF</span><span class="poids"><span class="sep"> - </span>387.3 KiB</span> </p> </article></li> </ul> </div> <div class="info" id="support-disabled" style="display:none;">This event’s document is restricted to subscribers. Please <a href="//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers#cta-inscription">sign-in</a> to access.</div> <script type="text/javascript"> function show_document_disabled(){ var url_login = 'en/page/login/?url=en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers'; if (!jQuery('#support-disabled').is(':visible')) { if (!jQuery('#cta-inscription').length) { jQuery('#support-disabled').find('a').attr('href',url_login); } jQuery('#support-disabled').show('fast'); } } </script> <div class="cartouche__label cartouche__label_metas postmeta"> <span class="meta-title">KEYWORDS</span> </div> <div class="cartouche__metas cartouche__metas_tags postmeta"> <span class="tags"> <ul class="inline list-inline"> <li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Etats-Unis-d-Amerique">United States of America</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/mergers">Mergers</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Prix-excessifs">Excessive prices</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Reductions">Rebates</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Prix-orientes-sur-les-couts">Cost-oriented prices</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Industrie-pharmaceutique">Pharmaceutical</a></li><li><a class="label label-default" href="en/tags/Sante">Healthcare</a></li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="section section_longform section_main"> <div class="section__content"> <div class="section__container"> <div class="crayon article-texte-95492 texte surlignable"> <p><strong>Check the <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/conferences/">Upcoming Conferences section</a> for upcoming webinars.</i><br class='autobr' /> </br></p> <p><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Presentations PPT</strong>: Available for Concurrences+ subscribers (see above) <br class='autobr' /> </br> <br /><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Video</strong>: Available for Concurrences+ subscribers (see below)<br class='autobr' /> </br> <br /><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Audio</strong>: Available for Concurrences+ subscribers (see above)<br class='autobr' /> </br> <br /><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Synthesis</strong>: Available for Concurrences+ subscribers (see above)<br class='autobr' /> </br> <br /><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Transcript</strong>: Available for Concurrences+ subscribers (see above)<br class='autobr' /> </br> <br /><span class="spip-puce ltr"><b>–</b></span> <strong>Concurrences Related Articles</strong> (see below)<br class='autobr' /> </br></br></strong></p> <p><strong>SYNTHESIS</strong></p> <p>Moderator <strong>Scott Hemphill</strong> opened the panel by introducing the fact that mergers in the prescription drug industry are unusual, especially because the individual who consumes the drug is typically not the one fully paying for it. He then posed the question of: how are the distinctive features of pharmaceuticals significant to understanding competition in the industry?</p> <p><strong>Patricia Danzon</strong> began the discussion by explaining how the nature of the pharmaceutical industry affects mergers. She noted that pharmaceutical markets are different in the sense that demand is very inelastic because patients are typically covered by insurance in all high-income countries. While payers in all other high-income countries respond to this price inelasticity with systems that limit drug prices as a condition of reimbursement, prices in the US are set freely by firms and have been rising roughly 8-9% for the last few years. To the extent that competition does occur on pharmaceutical prices, it is often in the form of rebating off the list prices. The drug benefit is managed by payers who employ pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) that establish tiered formularies. Drug companies give discounts in return for preferred formulary positioning, which brings an increase in market share because the co-pays are lower on preferred tiers. In theory, PBMs should pass on rebates to consumers as lower insurance premiums, but limited evidence has suggested that not all rebates are passed through. Most new drugs are specialty drugs that are differentiated on a fourth tier, where the PBM puts a fairly high co-insurance percentage and there is no rebate or competitive pressure on price. Danzon then proceeded to lay out the two types of mergers in the pharmaceutical industry: (1) mergers between two big firms, each of which combines R&D, sales and marketing, and has significant retained earnings to finance their R&D, and (2) large firms merging with small firms, where the large firms bring financing and sales and marketing expertise and the small firm is trying to develop new drugs. She then moved on to discuss the generic sector, where the competition on price is driven by the pharmacies, which are the customers for generic firms. Pharmacies have a financial incentive to choose the cheapest generic because they are paid a maximum allowable cost (MAC) by PBMs and any difference between the MAC and their acquisition prices for generics accrues to the pharmacy as profit. Discounts are passed on to customers because payers reduce the MACs paid to pharmacies over time. Because generic firms have very strong incentives to compete for the business of these large pharmacy customers, generic firms seek economies of scale and scope, and cost savings in manufacturing and distribution. However, as we have seen in recent litigation, scale can also facilitate market sharing and collusion.</p> <p><strong>Hemphill</strong> then asked <strong>George Rozanski</strong> about the extent to which price competition in this intermediary-driven manner is unique to pharma or healthcare transactions. <strong>Rozanski</strong> responded by noting that US antitrust agencies and courts look first to the constraint on firms’ competitive strategies — including prices – imposed by the willingness of consumers to substitute. This determines market definition. In the case of generics, there are state laws in the US that encourage substitution of lower-cost generics by pharmacists, resulting in 80-90% of prescription being filled by generics today. In the case of drugs that are still on-patent, the payer – typically an employer — hires an insurance company and works with a PBM to establish a formulary that puts the drugs that are therapeutic substitutes in competition with one another. When there are close substitutes for drugs, drug manufacturers are willing to pay large rebates to obtain preferred positions on this formulary. The evidence is that a large and increasing portion of these rebates are passed through to the payer.</p> <p>Moving to an enforcer’s perspective, <strong>Hemphill</strong> asked <strong>Max Miller</strong> about the extent to which the distinctive features of the pharmaceutical industry affect an enforcer’s sense of priorities. Miller responded saying that, because this market and its fundamental product are so distinctive, he believes that there is a problem when the pharmaceuticals are treated like any other product market. He raised the idea that the American market may be different from others due to a lack of enforcement in competition laws. Miller stated that while enforcers do a traditional economic antitrust analysis when approaching mergers, he believes that there needs to be a recognition on the enforcement side that this is a fundamentally different market. This may justify a more active government tole in ensuring that there are competitive restraints preventing pharmaceutical companies from being able to exercise the power to raise prices on consumers in a way that negatively impact American lives.</p> <p>Focusing the discussion on brand-brand mergers, <strong>Hemphill</strong> asked <strong>Rozanski</strong> about the degree to which such mergers threaten the incentive to innovate? Rozanski responded saying that analyzing the effects on innovation of a merger presents certain challenges in the pharmaceutical industry as economic theory does not strongly support the presumption that more firms in the market and more competition leads to better outcomes. One reason for this is that because innovation is costly, firms that are racing their rivals in innovation may invest excessive amounts on R&D that may not be the optimal outcome for the economy. A second reason is that, with more competitors, firms may limit their investments because they may think that it may be harder to appropriate the benefits that their innovation will bring to consumers due to the possibility of rapid imitation by rivals. Rozanski added that there are practical challenges than must be met when trying to prove that a merger is likely to harm competition in innovation. These include establishing that there is competition at risk, and demonstrating that the competition eliminated by the merger is significant in the context of the totality of competition. Identifying all of the entities that are competing to innovate and quantifying all of their incentives to innovate can be difficult.</p> <p><strong>Miller</strong> added that he believes that when it comes to enforcement, enforcers dealing with mergers should always start from a stricter position of “no,” putting the burden on the merging parties to come up with a viable solution that does not substantially lessen competition. <strong>Danzon</strong> agreed with Miller’s position, but added that an important principle to consider is, if divestiture is a potential solution, the divested company must be a very significant player in the same general area so that there is both the incentive and marketing opportunity for it to be a real competitor</p> <p><strong>Hemphill</strong> then pivoted the discussion towards focusing on big-small mergers. He noted the rising concerns in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as outside the industry, of “killer acquisitions” or “stealth consolidation.” He noted that such acquisitions may be approved for two reasons: (1) the incumbent may have acquired the startup at a point where it was unclear whether the development effort would ever come to fruition or become a real competitor (2) the deal may have been too small to be noticed by a regulator. Hemphill then turned to <strong>Miller</strong> for his thoughts on the nascent competitor issue. Miller highlighted the fact that failure in antitrust law has real-world consequences with an example from Matt Stoller’s article in <i>Pro Market</i>, which dealt with a ventilator manufacturer’s acquisition of a nascent competitor that resulted in the cancellation of a government contract that would have ensured a federal ventilator supply. <strong>Rozanski</strong> then added, on the topic of “killer acquisitions,” that it is important to consider some of the procompetitive justifications for pharmaceutical mergers. For example, such mergers may combine complementary R&D assets, they may give innovators access to lower costs of capital, they may provide investors that have funded the development an exit strategy, and they may allow for access to needed expertise with the regulatory process to bring the product to market.</p> <p><strong>Questions and Answers</strong></p> <p>One participant asked the panelist for their views on the issue that there are mergers in the therapeutic industry that may not typically rise to the threshold required for an investigation, resulting in some firms having a lot of bargaining power when dealing with payers. <strong>Miller</strong> responded that he thinks that when it comes to a firm having power in one market, there is an increased chance that the firm can use that power to gain power in another market. While the US used to have pretty strong laws against tying, they have weakened over the last forty years, enabling the act of using ties in order to gain market share. <strong>Danzon</strong> added that she thinks this is a particular concern in the pharmaceutical market in terms of rebates. Large firms can bundle rebates and shift deals from various therapeutic classes to others to their advantage, whereas small firms do not have the same capacity. <strong>Rozanski</strong> further added that merging parties will often argue that a result of the transaction is the ability to negotiate between prices from suppliers. However, there remains the question of when the increased bargaining power crosses the line and represents an exercise of monopsony power, which raises another antitrust issue.</p> <p>Another participant asked how potential competition is defined, and what indicators, such as patent portfolios, can be looked at? <strong>Rozanski</strong> answered saying in the case of pharmaceuticals, it is helpful that there is public information about development pipelines from the FDA. Even if there are levels of uncertainty, an analysis can still be done in terms of expected values to make an informed decision of whether to challenge a deal. <strong>Danzon</strong> added that the pharmaceutical industry is unique in that it has publicly available product databases that track products early on in development. These databases can be more reliable than patent portfolios, especially for small firms, as patents are costly to file.</p> <p>Another participant asked: if it is clear that the solution in most cases is a divestiture of the innovative drug firm, should there be a statutory criteria that bans big-small mergers? <strong>Danzon</strong> responded that her suggestion would not be to stop big-small mergers because such mergers are a very important exist strategy for venture capitalists, which in turn encourages investment. Rather, she would resolve this issue by stopping large-midsize mergers. <strong>Rozanski</strong> then added his perspective, that he disagrees with the idea that there should be any new public policy aimed to ban mergers in an industry like the pharmaceutical industry, where there has been much innovation and R&D. Recent research has found that the cost and risk of new drug development has increased substantially, and that returns to investment in the development of new drugs are not excessive. While he believes that there should be active antitrust enforcement, mergers should be looked at on a case-by-case basis to assess their likely effects on both price and innovation.</p> <div class="content-inner-more" id="more_texte_article_95492"></div> </div> <div class="clearfix"> <div class="cta-inscription" id="cta-inscription"> <div class="cta-inscription-info"> <h2 class="h5 restricted">Access to this article is restricted to subscribers</h2> <p class="deja">Already Subscribed? <a href="en/page/login/?url=en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers"><i class="picto picto-login"></i> Sign-in</a></p> </div> <div class="cta-inscription-message"> <p>Access to this article is restricted to subscribers.</p> <h2 class="h2">Read one article for free</h2> <p>Sign-up to read this article for free and discover our services.</p> </div> <div class="ajax"> <div class="ajax formulaire_spip formulaire_inscription_article_gratuit"> <form method='post' action='//en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers'><div> <span class="form-hidden"><input name='formulaire_action' type='hidden' value='inscription_article_gratuit'><input name='formulaire_action_args' type='hidden' value='X7KPPVa9v5SVP3oMzChXHO0IR1yuAf3WJfUDM1arsiHzfb7oE0/FnHungaqjZgrBOv0qh/7Y11LnZ+8eRszID70QDrJbn8DN04NWu+q0Z8Zf1w=='><input name='formulaire_action_sign' type='hidden' value=''></span><ul class="editer-groupe"> <li class="editer editer_session_email obligatoire"> <label for="session_email">Professional Email (Required)</label><input type="email" name="session_email" class="email text" value="" id="session_email" required='required'/> </li> <li class="editer editer_session_nom obligatoire"> <label for="session_nom">Last Name (Required)</label><input type="text" name="session_nom" class="text" value="" id="session_nom" required='required'/> </li> <li class="editer editer_session_prenom obligatoire"> <label for="session_prenom">First Name (Required)</label><input type="text" name="session_prenom" class="text" value="" id="session_prenom" required='required'/> </li> <li class="editer editer_id_mot obligatoire"> <label for="id_mot">Category (Required)</label><span class="select"><select name="id_mot" class="select" id="id_mot"> <option value="" selected="selected"></option> <option value="1815">Civil servant</option> <option value="1820">Consultant</option> <option value="1814">In-house Counsel</option> <option value="1905">In-house Counsel>Legal Counsel (in-house)</option> <option value="1904">In-house Counsel>Associate competition counsel</option> <option value="1903">In-house Counsel>General Counsel</option> <option value="1824">Economist</option> <option value="1822">Journalist</option> <option value="1813">Lawyer/Attorney</option> <option value="1902">Lawyer/Attorney>Associate</option> <option value="1901">Lawyer/Attorney>Of counsel</option> <option value="1900">Lawyer/Attorney>Partner</option> <option value="1823">Librarian</option> <option value="2100">Academic</option> <option value="1817">Academic>Professor</option> <option value="1816">Academic>Student</option> <option value="1968">Publishing company</option> <option value="2157">Business Developer</option> <option value="1818">Other</option> </select></span> </li> </ul>  <p class='boutons'><span class='image_loading'> </span> <input type='submit' class='submit' value='Read this article' /></p> </div></form> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="section__footer section__footer_actions section__footer_sticky"> <button class="btn-toggle" data-idc-toggle="slide" data-idc-target="#more_texte_article_95492" id="toggle_more_texte_article_95492"> <b class="label label_open">Read More </b><span aria-hidden><i class="picto picto-toggle"></i></span> </button> </footer> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery('.content-inner-more:empty').closest('.section__content').next('.section__footer').hide(); }) </script> <aside class="section section_longform section_albums"> <div class="section__container"> <div class="albums" id="albums"> <div class="titre_albums"> <a href="en/events/antitrust-in-life-sciences-webinar-3-do-pharmaceutical-mergers-harm-consumers?id_album=897" onclick="return switch_album.apply(this,[897]);return false;" class="on">Webinar</a> </div> <div class="album-documents collection-views" id="album897"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-4 col-lg-4"> <a href="en/page/document/?id_document=60752" class="link-media video playable restricted" rel="album_897" data-link-target="#view60752"> <img src='local/cache-gd2/92/dda1cc70da3511363ce411ece88ec9.jpg?1711367748' width='375' height='250' alt='Antitrust In Life Sciences - Webinar #3: Do Pharmaceutical Mergers Harm Consumers?' class='vignette no-adapt-img' /> </a> <div class="hide"> <div id="view60752" class="document-view document-view_modal document-view_video cta view"> <div class="cta-inscription"> <div class="cta-inscription-subscribe"> <h2 class="h2">Subscribe!</h2> <p>To get full access to the database <a href="http://www.concurrences.com/en/page/subscriptions" class="spip_out" rel="external">subscribe now</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function switch_album(id_album) { var albums = jQuery(this).closest('.albums').find('.album-documents'); if (albums.length) { var target = albums.filter('#album'+id_album); if (target.length && !target.is(':visible')) { // d'abord charger les images target.find('img[data-src]').each(function(){ var me = jQuery(this); var src = me.attr('data-src'); me.attr('src', src); me.attr('data-src',null); console.log(me); }); albums.filter(':visible').slideUp('fast'); target.hide().removeClass('hide').slideDown('fast'); } jQuery(this).addClass('on').siblings('.on').removeClass('on'); } return false; } jQuery(function() { // selectionner tous les liens vers des images var medias = jQuery('.albums').find('.link-media').not('.hasbox'); active_collection_popin(medias); }); </script> </div> </aside> </article> </main> <aside class="aside secondary" id="aside"> <h2>Speakers</h2> <div class="auteurs"> <ul class="liste-items liste-items-well"> <li class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/max-miller" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:50px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L100xH100/auton95504-ec075.jpg?1711367748) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Max Miller </span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">Office of the Iowa State Attorney General (Des Moines)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">United States</span> <span class="articles"><em>1</em> contribution</span> <span class="visites"><em>873</em> visits</span> </div> </div></li> <li class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/patricia-danzon" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:50px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:94%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L100xH94/auton111111-7a5a1.jpg?1711366485) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Patricia Danzon</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School (Philadelphia)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">United States</span> <span class="articles"><em>3</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>3049</em> visits</span> </div> </div></li> <li class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/george-a-rozanski" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:50px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L100xH100/auton26395-845b5.png?1711361464) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">George A. Rozanski</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">BakerHostetler (New York)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">United States</span> <span class="articles"><em>7</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>7461</em> visits</span> </div> </div></li> <li class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/scott-hemphill" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:50px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L100xH100/auton15210-f4f37.png?1711359368) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Scott Hemphill</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">New York University</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">France</span> <span class="articles"><em>13</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>13741</em> visits</span> </div> </div></li> </ul> </div> </aside> <aside class="extra secondary" id="extra"> <div class="list list_events list_events_articles list_events_aside"> <h2 class="list__heading h4"> <a href="en/events/">Recent events</a> </h2> <ul class="list__items"> <li class="list__item"> <article class="preview preview_event preview_event_article preview_event_simple-alt" id="evenement_6637" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Event" > <header class="preview__header"> <span itemprop="name" class="preview__heading crayon article-titre-118893 "> <a itemprop="url" class="url" href="en/events/new-frontiers-of-antitrust-118893"> NEW FRONTIERS OF ANTITRUST </a> </span> </header> <div class="preview__img"> <picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c2154466683 jpg" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732563971 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732553997 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732553670 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732584545 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732576022 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732553707 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732569850 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732584545 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg@.webp?1732553805 750w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732553848' class='adapt-img spip_logo' alt="alt" width='750' height='500' itemprop='image' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732584545 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/ridet_20241122_3075-89113.jpg?1732553848 750w' sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' /></picture> </div> <div class="preview__metas"> <time class="preview__meta preview__meta_date date" datetime="2024-11-22 08:30:00"> <span class="date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">22 </span><span class="m">Nov</span></span><span class="y"> 2024</span></span> </time> <meta itemprop="startDate" value="2024-11-22T07:30:00Z"> <meta itemprop="endDate" value="2024-11-22T17:30:00Z"> <span class="preview__meta preview__meta_location" itemprop="location">Paris</span> </div> <div class="preview__content"> <a href="en/events/new-frontiers-of-antitrust-118893" class="view-more view-more_doc"><i class="idc-icon idc-icon_file"></i> See documents</a> </div> <div class="preview__extra"> <ul class="authors"> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/andreas-schwab" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Andreas Schwab<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/benoit-coeure" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Benoît Cœuré<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/guillaume-loriot" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Guillaume Loriot<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/damien-gerard" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Damien Gerard<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/nicholas-khan-kc" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Nicholas Khan KC<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/christian-ahlborn-1759" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Christian Ahlborn<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/david-sevy" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">David Sevy<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/benoit-durand" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Benoît Durand<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/katrin-schallenberg" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Katrin Schallenberg<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/pascale-dechamps" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Pascale Déchamps<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/nathalie-errard" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Nathalie Errard<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/severine-schrameck" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Séverine Schrameck<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/nicholas-banasevic-2223" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Nicholas Banasevic<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/jerome-vidal" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Jérôme Vidal<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/alexandre-bertuzzi" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Alexandre Bertuzzi<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/sarah-lacoche" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Sarah Lacoche<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/frederic-jenny" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Frédéric Jenny<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/laurence-bary" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Laurence Bary<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/avery-gardiner" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Avery Gardiner<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/antoine-chapsal" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Antoine Chapsal<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/andreas-mundt" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Andreas Mundt<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/karl-lundvall" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Karl Lundvall<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/oliver-bethell" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Oliver Bethell<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/fayrouze-masmi-dazi" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Fayrouze Masmi-Dazi<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/mikael-herve" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Mikaël Hervé<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/thorsten-kaseberg" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Thorsten Käeseberg<span class="sep"> & </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/irene-de-angelis" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Irene de Angelis</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list__item"> <article class="preview preview_event preview_event_article preview_event_simple-alt" id="evenement_6718" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Event" > <header class="preview__header"> <span itemprop="name" class="preview__heading crayon article-titre-121740 "> <a itemprop="url" class="url" href="en/events/competition-in-the-payments-sector"> Competition in the Payments Sector </a> </span> </header> <div class="preview__img"> <picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c1425494503 jpg" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731545059 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731521163 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731519940 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741227 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731590747 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731594806 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731520771 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731520318 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731627813 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731530737 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg@.webp?1731520245 750w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731522233' class='adapt-img spip_logo' alt="alt" width='750' height='500' itemprop='image' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731741228 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/_q7a3451-2-aaff2.jpg?1731522233 750w' sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' /></picture> </div> <div class="preview__metas"> <time class="preview__meta preview__meta_date date" datetime="2024-11-12 18:00:00"> <span class="date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">12 </span><span class="m">Nov</span></span><span class="y"> 2024</span></span> </time> <meta itemprop="startDate" value="2024-11-12T17:00:00Z"> <meta itemprop="endDate" value="2024-11-12T21:00:00Z"> <span class="preview__meta preview__meta_location" itemprop="location">New York</span> </div> <div class="preview__content"> <a href="en/events/competition-in-the-payments-sector" class="view-more view-more_doc"><i class="idc-icon idc-icon_file"></i> See documents</a> </div> <div class="preview__extra"> <ul class="authors"> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/jeffrey-tassey" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Jeffrey Tassey<span class="sep"> & </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/ling-ling-ang" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Ling Ling Ang</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list__item"> <article class="preview preview_event preview_event_article preview_event_simple-alt" id="evenement_6689" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Event" > <header class="preview__header"> <span itemprop="name" class="preview__heading crayon article-titre-121739 "> <a itemprop="url" class="url" href="en/events/the-global-antitrust-economics-conference-121739"> The Global Antitrust Economics Conference </a> </span> </header> <div class="preview__img"> <picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c2953277042 jpg" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731532637 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731527511 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731526627 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731665676 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731715371 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731528529 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731594806 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731527081 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731525565 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731741228 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731741228 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731741228 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731599550 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731530737 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg@.webp?1731526810 750w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731531691' class='adapt-img spip_logo' alt="alt" width='750' height='500' itemprop='image' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731741228 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731694394 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/luis_cabral_nyu_stern_school_of_business_-630bf.jpg?1731531691 750w' sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' /></picture> </div> <div class="preview__metas"> <time class="preview__meta preview__meta_date date" datetime="2024-11-12 08:30:00"> <span class="date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">12 </span><span class="m">Nov</span></span><span class="y"> 2024</span></span> </time> <meta itemprop="startDate" value="2024-11-12T07:30:00Z"> <meta itemprop="endDate" value="2024-11-12T16:00:00Z"> <span class="preview__meta preview__meta_location" itemprop="location">New York</span> </div> <div class="preview__content"> <a href="en/events/the-global-antitrust-economics-conference-121739" class="view-more view-more_doc"><i class="idc-icon idc-icon_file"></i> See documents</a> </div> <div class="preview__extra"> <ul class="authors"> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/luis-cabral" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Luis Cabral<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/daniel-francis" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Daniel Francis<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/andrew-c-finch" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Andrew C. Finch<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/bilal-sayyed" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Bilal Sayyed<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/fiona-schaeffer" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Fiona Schaeffer<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteur/Aidan-Synnott" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Aidan Synnott<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/alden-abbott" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Alden Abbott<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/mlanoue-ftc-gov" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Marc Lanoue<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/lawrence-j-white" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Lawrence J. White<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/shannon-seitz" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Shannon Seitz<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/morgan-kennedy" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Morgan Kennedy<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/julie-carlson" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Julie Carlson<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/aaron-hoag" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Aaron Hoag<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/thibault-schrepel" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Thibault Schrepel<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/haidee-l-schwartz" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Haidee L. Schwartz<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/mfoschi" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Matteo Foschi<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/bill-baer" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Bill Baer<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/richard-powers" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Richard Powers<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/nadezhda-nikonova" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Nadezhda Nikonova<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/matthew-huppert" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Matthew Huppert<span class="sep"> & </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/avigail-kifer" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Avigail Kifer</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </li> <li class="list__item"> <article class="preview preview_event preview_event_article preview_event_simple-alt" id="evenement_6675" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Event" > <header class="preview__header"> <span itemprop="name" class="preview__heading crayon article-titre-120626 "> <a itemprop="url" class="url" href="en/events/antitrust-in-asia-one-size-fits-all-120626"> Antitrust in Asia: One size fits all? </a> </span> </header> <div class="preview__img"> <picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c3162759756 jpg" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731009339 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731000907 1280w, local/adapt-img/740/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731000710 1480w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 1280w, local/adapt-img/740/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 1480w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731013290 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731001728 960w, local/adapt-img/740/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731000707 1110w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 960w, local/adapt-img/740/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 1110w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731004381 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731013290 640w, local/adapt-img/740/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg@.webp?1731000703 740w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/740/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731000756' class='adapt-img spip_logo' alt="alt" width='740' height='500' itemprop='image' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731013290 640w, local/adapt-img/740/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L740xH500/a01_052ozo_9595-2-5075e.jpg?1731000756 740w' sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' /></picture> </div> <div class="preview__metas"> <time class="preview__meta preview__meta_date date" datetime="2024-11-07 09:00:00"> <span class="date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">7 </span><span class="m">Nov</span></span><span class="y"> 2024</span></span> </time> <meta itemprop="startDate" value="2024-11-07T08:00:00Z"> <meta itemprop="endDate" value="2024-11-07T16:30:00Z"> <span class="preview__meta preview__meta_location" itemprop="location">Hong Kong</span> </div> <div class="preview__content"> <a href="en/events/antitrust-in-asia-one-size-fits-all-120626" class="view-more view-more_doc"><i class="idc-icon idc-icon_file"></i> See documents</a> </div> <div class="preview__extra"> <ul class="authors"> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/huang-yong" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Yong Huang<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/yong-bai" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Yong Bai<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/reiko-aoki" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Reiko Aoki<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/sandra-marco-colino" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Sandra Marco Colino<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/yan-yu" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Yan Yu<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/xin-roger-zhang" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Xin Roger Zhang<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/dayu-man" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Dayu Man<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/davina-garrod" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Davina Garrod<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/lester-lee" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Lester Lee<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/masafumi-shikakura" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Masafumi Shikakura<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/michael-aguinaldo" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Michael Aguinaldo<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/jet-zhisong-deng" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Jet Zhisong Deng<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/peggy-leung" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Peggy Leung<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/kenta-suzuki-53503" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Kenta Suzuki<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/elizabeth-richmond" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Elizabeth Richmond<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/knut-fournier" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Knut Fournier<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/godfrey-lam" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Godfrey Lam<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/philip-monaghan" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Philip Monaghan<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/ka-lam-macy-chung" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Macy Chung<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/felicity-day" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Felicity Day<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/stephen-crosswell" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Stephen Crosswell<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/charles-xiang" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Charles Xiang<span class="sep"> & </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/hee-eun-kim" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Hee-Eun Kim</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <footer class="banner-bottom" id="banner-bottom"> <div class="container"> <div class="banners clearfix format-full position-bas" 1 data-ride="carousel" data-interval="5000"> <div class="banners-inner" role="listbox" style="padding-bottom: 5.33%"> <div class="item active"> <a href="https://www.filigranes.be/philippe-emmanuel-partsch-les-5-travaux-d-europe-une-europe-qui-nous-fera-grandir"><picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c1198031097 png" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270223 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266213 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266636 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266532 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732267095 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732271479 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270472 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272649 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270251 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732277529 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270976 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266622 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732268300 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277558 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277174 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272968 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274035 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732269721 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270930 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266747 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266189 3000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629' alt='Présentation Filigranes Les 5 Travaux d'Europe' width='3000' height='160' class='adapt-img' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272327 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266627 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274538 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732269360 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629 3000w' sizes='(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw' /></picture></a> </div> <div class="item "> <a href="https://www.filigranes.be/philippe-emmanuel-partsch-les-5-travaux-d-europe-une-europe-qui-nous-fera-grandir"><picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c1198031097 png" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270223 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266213 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266636 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266532 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732267095 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732271479 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270472 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272649 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270251 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732277529 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270976 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266622 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732268300 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277558 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277174 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272968 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274035 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732269721 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270930 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266747 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266189 3000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629' alt='Présentation Filigranes Les 5 Travaux d'Europe' width='3000' height='160' class='adapt-img' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272327 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266627 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274538 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732269360 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629 3000w' sizes='(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw' /></picture></a> </div> <div class="item "> <a href="https://www.filigranes.be/philippe-emmanuel-partsch-les-5-travaux-d-europe-une-europe-qui-nous-fera-grandir"><picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c1198031097 png" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzAwMCAxNjAiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgeG1sbnM6eGxpbms9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzE5OTkveGxpbmsiPgo8ZmlsdGVyIGlkPSJibHVyIj48ZmVHYXVzc2lhbkJsdXIgc3RkRGV2aWF0aW9uPSIzMCAzMCIgLz48L2ZpbHRlcj4KPGltYWdlIGZpbHRlcj0idXJsKCNibHVyKSIgd2lkdGg9IjMwMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMTYwIiB4bGluazpocmVmPSJkYXRhOmltYWdlL3dlYnA7YmFzZTY0LFVrbEdSbklCQUFCWFJVSlFWbEE0SUdZQkFBQndCd0NkQVNwd0FBWUFQcFZBbTBtbG82S2hKSTFRc0JLSlpRREdVZlZOM3h1ZzhBT0tQdkJiNWYxVXdZOVAvU29zZkRhamFCUk9vR2F6a3o2YXhLSFg1ZWp3UUFEKyt1VllKVzJmS0NZMzZFM05Ea3ZGQU5RcWtXN0hNZUN0V3pSeUg4UHhRM2xYaGd3bzlXU1FVZ0RIL1hDY2c4TDN1eWdzM0QrZTVPdkdzR3luRFV3MW40SUVsZTY4Z24wTHhGRllMb2xxT0hTUVpIQW13SzVhV3QrWXZ3Wlp4S2VFNFdBZU5jend5djlsKzdaK1BtU01Mc0c1UngrdnlLN29nbnJVQjNBZlFrazNJQ001UFZFUy9qUlJvaHVkWGdHaXVrYWNLcm9XVjhDZjJUc2M3UGdRVTlQQXhWbS9mNjlzUXVRMXU1YzRiSXljRitacjcwVkFjQUpoUEl1aDd5emtpVE1zMUxieFpMMGRhZTQ5TWIxNituUkJuQk5sOVVXZUdWL3RQU25ERS9xYjFKWHJKTktFQmJvYzZpc3g5a3lYNkhIYytMR1gybzc3SThaYVlvQ2RLdWx6VHgzTnRLYmFyeFNjVit1dHRJb3dYUThtS2gxN2JOSzRJem11Z0FBQSIgcHJlc2VydmVBc3BlY3RSYXRpbz0ibm9uZSIvPjwvc3ZnPg==)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270223 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266213 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266636 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266532 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732267095 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732271479 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270472 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272649 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732270251 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732277529 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270976 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266622 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732268300 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277558 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277174 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732277555 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272968 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274035 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732269721 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732270930 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266627 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266747 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png@.webp?1732266189 3000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629' alt='Présentation Filigranes Les 5 Travaux d'Europe' width='3000' height='160' class='adapt-img' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732272327 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266627 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732274538 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732269360 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-7.png?1732266629 3000w' sizes='(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw' /></picture></a> </div> <div class="item "> <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/review/issues/no-4-2024/interview/margrethe-vestager-eu-commission-the-legacy-interview-confidence-in-eu-121361"><picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c2409683958 png" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420204 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420165 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420482 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420001 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420205 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421563 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421556 1280w, local/adapt-img/960/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421533 1920w, local/adapt-img/1440/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421553 2880w, local/adapt-img/3000/20x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421557 6000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421554 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421561 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421536 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420019 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421564 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421554 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421544 960w, local/adapt-img/960/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421546 1440w, local/adapt-img/1440/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421557 2160w, local/adapt-img/3000/15x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421536 4500w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/png"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421544 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420996 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731421045 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731420025 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png@.webp?1731419995 3000w" sizes="(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731420074' alt=' Vestager Interview EN' width='3000' height='160' class='adapt-img' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421563 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421554 640w, local/adapt-img/960/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421559 960w, local/adapt-img/1440/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731421557 1440w, local/adapt-img/3000/10x/IMG/png/home-5-2.png?1731420074 3000w' sizes='(min-width: 3000px) 3000px, 100vw' /></picture></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <footer class="footer" id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-4"> <div class="adresse small"> <img src='squelettes/img/logo/concurrences-crop.svg?1704296160' alt='Concurrences' class='logo-concurrences' width='1680' height='408' /> <img src='squelettes/img/logo/20ans/20ans-crop.svg?1704296160' alt='Concurrences' class='logo-20ans' width='617' height='439' /> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-8"> <div class="adresse small"> <p>19 avenue Jean Aicard<br class='autobr' /> 75011 Paris, France </p> <p>106 West 32nd Street, Suite 149<br class='autobr' /> New York, NY, 10001, USA </p> <p>Camden Gateway, 349 Royal College St,<br class='autobr' /> London NW1 9QS, UK </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-xs-3 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="menu small"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav nav-list"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/bulletin/" class="menu-items__lien">Bulletin</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/review/" class="menu-items__lien">Review</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu on active"> <a href="en/events/" class="menu-items__lien">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique"> <a href="en/all-books/" class="menu-items__lien">Books</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="col-sm-6"><ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav nav-list"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_badge"> <a href="en/dictionary/" class="menu-items__lien">Dictionary <small>Free</small></a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/podcasts" class="menu-items__lien">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_lien"> <a href="https://awards.concurrences.com" class="menu-items__lien">Awards</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item-primary"> <a href="en/abonnements/" class="menu-items__lien">Subscriptions</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 w450"> <div class="links small"> <ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav" data-depth="0"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_page-speciale plan"> <a href="en/page/sitemap/" class="menu-items__lien">Site map</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/institute" class="menu-items__lien">Concurrences</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/terms-of-use-63" class="menu-items__lien">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/terms-of-sale" class="menu-items__lien">Terms of Sale</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/write-for-concurrences-review" class="menu-items__lien">Publish</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 w450"> <div class="tools small"> <ul class="nav nav-list"> <li><a href="en/page/subscriptions/"><i class="picto picto-footer-abonnements"></i> Subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="en/page/contact/" class="popin"><i class="picto picto-footer-contact"></i> Contact</a></li> <li> <a href="en/page/subscribe/"><i class="picto picto-footer-newsletter"></i> Newsletter</a> </li> <li><a href="https://calendly.com/concurrences/30min" rel="external" target="blank">Request a demo</a></li> </ul> <span class="social social_links"> <a class="social__icon social__icon_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/CompetitionLaws" title="Visit our Twitter page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_twitter-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/institute-of-competition-law-icl-institut-de-droit-de-la-concurrence-idc-" title="Visit our Linkedin page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_linkedin-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Linkedin (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/concurrences.review/" title="Visit our Facebook page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_facebook-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/concurrences_review/" title="Visit our Instagram page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_instagram-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Instagram (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/ConcurrencesReview" title="Visit our Youtube page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_youtube-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Youtube (opens a new window)</span> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var w=window,d=document,r="",g=d.createElement('script'),s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; try{r=w.top.document.referrer}catch(Y){if(w.parent){try{r=w.parent.document.referrer}catch(X){r=""}}}if(r===""){r=d.referrer} g.type='text/javascript';g.defer=true;g.async=true;g.src="//www.concurrences.com/spip.php?action=statsjs&c=YToyOntzOjExOiJpZF9ydWJyaXF1ZSI7czoyOiIzMyI7czoxMDoiaWRfYXJ0aWNsZSI7czo1OiI5NTQ5MiI7fQ=="+"&r="+btoa(r);s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script></body></html>