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radiation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ionizing radiation"> <meta name="keywords" content="ionizing radiation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ionizing radiation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1435</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ionizing radiation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1435</span> Protective Effect of Herniarin on Ionizing Radiation-Induced Impairments in Brain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophio%20Kalmakhelidze">Sophio Kalmakhelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eka%20Shekiladze"> Eka Shekiladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamar%20Sanikidze"> Tamar Sanikidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikheil%20Gogebashvili"> Mikheil Gogebashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazi%20Ivanishvili"> Nazi Ivanishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation-induced various degrees of brain injury and cognitive impairment have been described after cranial radiotherapy of brain tumors. High doses of ionizing radiation have a severe impact on the central nervous system, resulting in morphological and behavioral impairments. Structures of the limbic system are especially sensitive to radiation exposure. Hence, compounds or drugs that can reduce radiation-induced impairments can be used as promising antioxidants or radioprotectors. In our study Mice whole-body irradiation with 137Cs was performed at a dose rate of 1,1 Gy/min for a total dose of 5 Gy with a “Gamma-capsule-2”. Irradiated mice were treated with Herniarin (20 mg/kg) for five days before irradiation and the same dose was administrated after one hour of irradiation. The immediate and delayed effects of ionizing radiation, as well as, protective effect of Herniarin was evaluated during early and late post-irradiation periods. The results reveal that ionizing radiation (5 Gy) alters the structure of the hippocampus in adult mice during the late post-irradiation period resulting in the decline of memory formation and learning process. Furthermore, Simple Coumarin-Herniarin reveals a radiosensitizing effect reducing morphological and behavioral alterations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title="ionizing radiation">ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20impairments" title=" cognitive impairments"> cognitive impairments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hippocampus" title=" hippocampus"> hippocampus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limbic%20system" title=" limbic system"> limbic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herniarin" title=" Herniarin"> Herniarin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176790/protective-effect-of-herniarin-on-ionizing-radiation-induced-impairments-in-brain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1434</span> Alternative of Lead-Based Ionization Radiation Shielding Property: Epoxy-Based Composite Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Belal%20Uudin%20Rabbi">Md. Belal Uudin Rabbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakib%20Al%20Montasir"> Sakib Al Montasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saifur%20Rahman"> Saifur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niger%20Nahid"> Niger Nahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmail%20Hossain%20Emon"> Esmail Hossain Emon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The practice of radiation shielding protects against the detrimental effects of ionizing radiation. Radiation shielding depletes radiation by inserting a shield of absorbing material between any radioactive source. It is a primary concern when building several industrial fields, so using potent (high activity) radioisotopes in food preservation, cancer treatment, and particle accelerator facilities is significant. Radiation shielding is essential for radiation-emitting equipment users to reduce or mitigate radiation damage. Polymer composites (especially epoxy based) with high atomic number fillers can replace toxic Lead in ionizing radiation shielding applications because of their excellent mechanical properties, superior solvent and chemical resistance, good dimensional stability, adhesive, and less toxic. Due to being lightweight, good neutron shielding ability in almost the same order as concrete, epoxy-based radiation shielding can be the next big thing. Micro and nano-particles for the epoxy resin increase the epoxy matrix's radiation shielding property. Shielding is required to protect users of such facilities from ionizing radiation as recently, and considerable attention has been paid to polymeric composites as a radiation shielding material. This research will examine the radiation shielding performance of epoxy-based nano-WO3 reinforced composites, exploring the performance of epoxy-based nano-WO3 reinforced composites. The samples will be prepared using the direct pouring method to block radiation. The practice of radiation shielding protects against the detrimental effects of ionizing radiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20shielding%20materials" title="radiation shielding materials">radiation shielding materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20resin" title=" epoxy resin"> epoxy resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tungsten%20oxide" title=" Tungsten oxide"> Tungsten oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composites" title=" polymer composites"> polymer composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161275/alternative-of-lead-based-ionization-radiation-shielding-property-epoxy-based-composite-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1433</span> Investigation of Factors Affecting the Total Ionizing Dose Threshold of Electrically Erasable Read Only Memories for Use in Dose Rate Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liqian%20Li">Liqian Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Liu"> Yu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Colins"> Karen Colins</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dose rate present in a seriously contaminated area can be indirectly determined by monitoring radiation damage to inexpensive commercial electronics, instead of deploying expensive radiation hardened sensors. EEPROMs (Electrically Erasable Read Only Memories) are a good candidate for this purpose because they are inexpensive and are sensitive to radiation exposure. When the total ionizing dose threshold is reached, an EEPROM chip will show signs of damage that can be monitored and transmitted by less susceptible electronics. The dose rate can then be determined from the known threshold dose and the exposure time, assuming the radiation field remains constant with time. Therefore, the threshold dose needs to be well understood before this method can be used. There are many factors affecting the threshold dose, such as the gamma ray energy spectrum, the operating voltage, etc. The purpose of this study was to experimentally determine how the threshold dose depends on dose rate, temperature, voltage, and duty factor. It was found that the duty factor has the strongest effect on the total ionizing dose threshold, while the effect of the other three factors that were investigated is less significant. The effect of temperature was found to be opposite to that expected to result from annealing and is yet to be understood. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20effects%20on%20electronics" title=" radiation effects on electronics"> radiation effects on electronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20ionizing%20dose" title=" total ionizing dose"> total ionizing dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77107/investigation-of-factors-affecting-the-total-ionizing-dose-threshold-of-electrically-erasable-read-only-memories-for-use-in-dose-rate-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1432</span> Effect of Gamma Radiation on Bromophenol Blue Dyed Films as Dosimeter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20R.%20Oberoi">Priyanka R. Oberoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandra%20B.%20Maurya"> Chandra B. Maurya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakash%20A.%20Mahanwar"> Prakash A. Mahanwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionizing radiation can cause a drastic change in the physical and chemical properties of the material exposed. Numerous medical devices are sterilized by ionizing radiation. In the current research paper, an attempt was made to develop precise and inexpensive polymeric film dosimeter which can be used for controlling radiation dosage. Polymeric film containing (pH sensitive dye) indicator dye Bromophenol blue (BPB) was casted to check the effect of Gamma radiation on its optical and physical properties. The film was exposed to gamma radiation at 4 kGy/hr in the range of 0 to 300 kGy at an interval of 50 kGy. Release of vinyl acetate from an emulsion on high radiation reacts with the BPB fading the color of the film from blue to light blue and then finally colorless, indicating a change in pH from basic to acidic form. The change was characterized by using CIE l*a*b*, ultra-violet spectroscopy and FT-IR respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bromophenol%20blue" title="bromophenol blue">bromophenol blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimeter" title=" dosimeter"> dosimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20radiation" title=" gamma radiation"> gamma radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title=" polymer"> polymer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55840/effect-of-gamma-radiation-on-bromophenol-blue-dyed-films-as-dosimeter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1431</span> Mutagenesis, Oxidative Stress Induction and Blood Cytokine Profile in First Generation Male Rats Whose Parents Were Exposed to Radiation and Hexavalent Chromium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yerbolat%20Iztleuov">Yerbolat Iztleuov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stochastic effects, which are currently largely associated with exposure to ionizing radiation or a combination of ionizing radiation with other chemical, physical, and biological agents, are expressed in the form of various mutations. In the first stage of the study, rats of both sexes were divided into 3 groups. 1st - control group, animals of the 2nd group were exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 0.2 Gy. The third group received hexavalent chromium in a dose of 180 mg/ l with drinking water for a month before irradiation and a day after the end of chromium consumption and was subjected to total gamma irradiation at a dose of 0.2 Gy. The second stage of the experiment. After 3 days, the males were mated with the females. The obtained offspring were studied for peroxidation, cytokine profile and micronucleus in the nuclei. This study shows that 5-month-old offspring whose parents were exposed to combined exposure to chromium and γ-irradiation exhibit hereditary instability of the genome, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes and sulfhydryl blood groups, and increased levels of lipid peroxidation. There is also an increase in the level of inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF) in the blood plasma against the background of a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Thus, the combined effect of hexavalent chromium and ionizing radiation can lead to the development of an oncological process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexavalent%20chromium" title="hexavalent chromium">hexavalent chromium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first%20generation" title=" first generation"> first generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytokines" title=" cytokines"> cytokines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutagenesis" title=" mutagenesis"> mutagenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190168/mutagenesis-oxidative-stress-induction-and-blood-cytokine-profile-in-first-generation-male-rats-whose-parents-were-exposed-to-radiation-and-hexavalent-chromium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1430</span> Awareness regarding Radiation Protection among the Technicians Practicing in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayanti%20Gyawali">Jayanti Gyawali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Adhikari"> Deepak Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Mallik"> Mukesh Mallik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Sah"> Sanjay Sah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation is defined as an emission or transmission of energy in form of waves or particles through space or material medium. The major imaging tools used in diagnostic radiology is based on the use of ionizing radiation. A cross-sectional study was carried out during July- August, 2015 among technicians in 15 different hospitals of Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal to assess awareness regarding radiation protection and their current practice. The researcher was directly engaged for data collection using self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The findings of the study are presented in socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, current practice of respondents and knowledge regarding radiation protection. The result of this study demonstrated that despite the importance of radiation and its consequent hazards, the level of knowledge among technicians is only 60.23% and their current practice is 76.84%. The difference in the mean score of knowledge and practice might have resulted due to technicians’s regular work and lack of updates. The study also revealed that there is no significant (p>0.05) difference in knowledge level of technicians practicing in different hospitals. But the mean difference in practice scores of different hospital is significant (p<0.05) i.e. i.e. the cancer hospital with large volumes of regular radiological cases and radiation therapies for cancer treatment has better practice in comparison to other hospitals. The deficiency in knowledge of technicians might alter the expected benefits, compared to the risk involved, and can cause erroneous medical diagnosis and radiation hazard. Therefore, this study emphasizes the need for all technicians to update themselves with the appropriate knowledge and current practice about ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technicians" title="technicians">technicians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation"> radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44864/awareness-regarding-radiation-protection-among-the-technicians-practicing-in-bharatpur-chitwan-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1429</span> Occupational Cumulative Effective Doses of Radiation Workers in Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Bobes">Omar Bobes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Al-Attar"> Abeer Al-Attar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hassan%20Kharita"> Mohammad Hassan Kharita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huda%20Al-Naemi"> Huda Al-Naemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of radiological examinations has increased steadily in recent years. As a result, the risk of possible radiation-induced consequential damage also increases through continuous, lifelong, and increasing exposure to ionizing radiation. Therefore, radiation dose monitoring in medicine became an essential element of medical practice. In this study, the occupational cumulative doses for radiation workers in Hamad medical corporation in Qatar have been assessed for a period of five years. The number of monitored workers selected for this study was 555 (out of a total of 1250 monitored workers) who have been working continuously -with no interruption- with ionizing radiation over the past five years from 2015 to 2019. The aim of this work is to examine the occupational groups and the activities where the higher radiation exposure occurred and in what order of magnitude. The most exposed group was the nuclear medicine technologist staff, with an average cumulative dose of 8.4 mSv. The highest individual cumulative dose was 9.8 mSv recorded for the PET-CT technologist category. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cumulative%20dose" title="cumulative dose">cumulative dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20dose" title=" effective dose"> effective dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20exposure" title=" occupational exposure"> occupational exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title=" dosimetry"> dosimetry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133495/occupational-cumulative-effective-doses-of-radiation-workers-in-hamad-medical-corporation-in-qatar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1428</span> Study of Radiation Response in Lactobacillus Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanika%20Arora">Kanika Arora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhu%20Bala"> Madhu Bala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The small intestine epithelium is highly sensitive and major targets of ionizing radiation. Radiation causes gastrointestinal toxicity either by direct deposition of energy or indirectly (inflammation or bystander effects) generating free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress generated as a result of radiation causes active inflammation within the intestinal mucosa leading to structural and functional impairment of gut epithelial barrier. As a result, there is a loss of tolerance to normal dietary antigens and commensal flora together with exaggerated response to pathogens. Dysbiosis may therefore thought to play a role in radiation enteropathy and can contribute towards radiation induced bowel toxicity. Lactobacilli residing in the gut shares a long conjoined evolutionary history with their hosts and by doing so these organisms have developed an intimate and complex symbiotic relationships. The objective behind this study was to look for the strains with varying resistance to ionizing radiation and to see whether the niche of the bacteria is playing any role in radiation resistance property of bacteria. In this study, we have isolated the Lactobacillus spp. from probiotic preparation and murine gastrointestinal tract, both of which were supposed to be the important source for its isolation. Biochemical characterization did not show a significant difference in the properties, while a significant preference was observed in carbohydrate utilization capacity by the isolates. Effect of ionizing radiations induced by Co60 gamma radiation (10 Gy) on lactobacilli cells was investigated. A cellular survival curve versus absorbed doses was determined. Radiation resistance studies showed that the response of isolates towards cobalt-60 gamma radiation differs from each other and significant decrease in survival was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Thus the present study revealed that the property of radioresistance in Lactobacillus depends upon the source from where they have been isolated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysbiosis" title="dysbiosis">dysbiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation"> radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84937/study-of-radiation-response-in-lactobacillus-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1427</span> Thermal Analysis of a Graphite Calorimeter for the Measurement of Absorbed Dose for Therapeutic X-Ray Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.J.%20Kim">I.J. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.C.%20Kim"> B.C. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.H.%20Kim"> J.H. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.-Y.%20Yi"> C.-Y. Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat transfer in a graphite calorimeter is analyzed by using the finite elements method. The calorimeter is modeled in 3D geometry. Quasi-adiabatic mode operation is realized in the simulation and the temperature rise by different sources of the ionizing radiation and electric heaters is compared, directly. The temperature distribution caused by the electric power was much different from that by the ionizing radiation because of its point-like localized heating. However, the temperature rise which was finally read by sensing thermistors agreed well to each other within 0.02 %. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphite%20calorimeter" title="graphite calorimeter">graphite calorimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-adiabatic%20mode" title=" quasi-adiabatic mode "> quasi-adiabatic mode </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24560/thermal-analysis-of-a-graphite-calorimeter-for-the-measurement-of-absorbed-dose-for-therapeutic-x-ray-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1426</span> Nanoparticles of Hyaluronic Acid for Radiation Induced Lung Damages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Lierova">Anna Lierova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitka%20Kasparova"> Jitka Kasparova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcela%20Jelicova"> Marcela Jelicova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucie%20Korecka"> Lucie Korecka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzana%20Bilkova"> Zuzana Bilkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzana%20Sinkorova"> Zuzana Sinkorova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a simple linear, unbranched polysaccharide with a lot of exceptional physiological and chemical properties such as high biocompatibility and biodegradability, strong hydration and viscoelasticity that depend on the size of the molecule. It plays the important role in a variety of molecular events as tissue hydration, mechanical protection of tissues and as well as during inflammation, leukocyte migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Also, HA-based biomaterials, including HA scaffolds, hydrogels, thin membranes, matrix grafts or nanoparticles are widely use in various biomedical applications. Our goal is to determine the radioprotective effect of hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (HA NPs). We are investigating effect of ionizing radiation on stability of HA NPs, in vitro relative toxicity of nanoscale as well as effect on cell lines and specific surface receptors and their response to ionizing radiation. An exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) can irreversibly damage various cell types and may thus have implications for the level of the whole tissue. Characteristic manifestations are formation of over-granulated tissue, remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) and abortive wound healing. Damages are caused by either direct interaction with DNA and IR proteins or indirectly by radicals formed during radiolysis of water Accumulation and turnover of ECM are a hallmark of radiation induces lung injury, characterized by inflammation, repair or remodeling health pulmonary tissue. HA is a major component of ECM in lung and plays an important role in regulating tissue injury, accelerating tissue repair, and controlling disease outcomes. Due to that, HA NPs were applied to in vivo model (C57Bl/6J mice) before total body or partial thorax irradiation. This part of our research is targeting on effect of exogenous HA on the development and/or mitigating acute radiation syndrome and radiation induced lung injuries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title="hyaluronic acid">hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20induces%20lung%20damages" title=" radiation induces lung damages"> radiation induces lung damages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97283/nanoparticles-of-hyaluronic-acid-for-radiation-induced-lung-damages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1425</span> Vertebrate Model to Examine the Biological Effectiveness of Different Radiation Qualities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rita%20Em%C3%ADlia%20Szab%C3%B3">Rita Emília Szabó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%C3%B3bert%20Polanek"> Róbert Polanek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%C3%BCnde%20T%C5%91k%C3%A9s"> Tünde Tőkés</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zolt%C3%A1n%20Szab%C3%B3"> Zoltán Szabó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szabolcs%20Czifrus"> Szabolcs Czifrus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalin%20Hidegh%C3%A9ty"> Katalin Hideghéty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Several feature of zebrafish are making them amenable for investigation on therapeutic approaches such as ionizing radiation. The establishment of zebrafish model for comprehensive radiobiological research stands in the focus of our investigation, comparing the radiation effect curves of neutron and photon irradiation. Our final aim is to develop an appropriate vertebrate model in order to investigate the relative biological effectiveness of laser driven ionizing radiation. Methods and Materials: After careful dosimetry series of viable zebrafish embryos were exposed to a single fraction whole-body neutron-irradiation (1,25; 1,875; 2; 2,5 Gy) at the research reactor of the Technical University of Budapest and to conventional 6 MeV photon beam at 24 hour post-fertilization (hpf). The survival and morphologic abnormalities (pericardial edema, spine curvature) of each embryo were assessed for each experiment at 24-hour intervals from the point of fertilization up to 168 hpf (defining the dose lethal for 50% (LD50)). Results: In the zebrafish embryo model LD50 at 20 Gy dose level was defined and the same lethality were found at 2 Gy dose from the reactor neutron beam resulting RBE of 10. Dose-dependent organ perturbations were detected on macroscopic (shortening of the body length, spine curvature, microcephaly, micro-ophthalmia, micrognathia, pericardial edema, and inhibition of yolk sac resorption) and microscopic (marked cellular changes in skin, cardiac, gastrointestinal system) with the same magnitude of dose difference. Conclusion: In our observations, we found that zebrafish embryo model can be used for investigating the effects of different type of ionizing radiation and this system proved to be highly efficient vertebrate model for preclinical examinations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title="ionizing radiation">ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LD50" title=" LD50"> LD50</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20biological%20effectiveness" title=" relative biological effectiveness"> relative biological effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zebrafish%20embryo" title=" zebrafish embryo"> zebrafish embryo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42445/vertebrate-model-to-examine-the-biological-effectiveness-of-different-radiation-qualities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1424</span> Radiation Usage Impact of on Anti-Nutritional Compounds (Antitrypsin and Phytic Acid) of Livestock and Poultry Foods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Khosravi">Mohammad Khosravi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kiani"> Ali Kiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behroz%20Dastar"> Behroz Dastar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvin%20Showrang"> Parvin Showrang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Review was carried out on important anti-nutritional compounds of livestock and poultry foods and the effect of radiation usage. Nowadays, with advancement in technology, different methods have been considered for the optimum usage of nutrients in livestock and poultry foods. Steaming, extruding, pelleting, and the use of chemicals are the most common and popular methods in food processing. Use of radiation in food processing researches in the livestock and poultry industry is currently highly regarded. Ionizing (electrons, gamma) and non-ionizing beams (microwave and infrared) are the most useable rays in animal food processing. In recent researches, these beams have been used to remove and reduce the anti-nutritional factors and microbial contamination and improve the digestibility of nutrients in poultry and livestock food. The evidence presented will help researchers to recognize techniques of relevance to them. Simplification of some of these techniques, especially in developing countries, must be addressed so that they can be used more widely. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitrypsin" title="antitrypsin">antitrypsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20anti-nutritional%20components" title=" gamma anti-nutritional components"> gamma anti-nutritional components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytic%20acid" title=" phytic acid"> phytic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation"> radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58193/radiation-usage-impact-of-on-anti-nutritional-compounds-antitrypsin-and-phytic-acid-of-livestock-and-poultry-foods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1423</span> Assessment of Nuclear Medicine Radiation Protection Practices Among Radiographers and Nurses at a Small Nuclear Medicine Department in a Tertiary Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyathi%20Mpumelelo%3B%20Moeng%20Thabiso%20Maria">Nyathi Mpumelelo; Moeng Thabiso Maria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Radiopharmaceuticals are used for diagnosis, treatment, staging and follow up of various diseases. However, there is concern that the ionizing radiation (gamma rays, α and ß particles) emitted by radiopharmaceuticals may result in exposure of radiographers and nurses with limited knowledge of the principles of radiation protection and safety, raising the risk of cancer induction. This study aimed at investigation radiation safety awareness levels among radiographers and nurses at a small tertiary hospital in South Africa. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study. A validated two-part questionnaire was implemented to consenting radiographers and nurses working in a Nuclear Medicine Department. Part 1 gathered demographic information (age, gender, work experience, attendance to/or passing ionizing radiation protection courses). Part 2 covered questions related to knowledge and awareness of radiation protection principles. RESULTS: Six radiographers and five nurses participated (27% males and 73% females). The mean age was 45 years (age range 20-60 years). The study revealed that neither professional development courses nor radiation protection courses are offered at the Nuclear Medicine Department understudy. However, 6/6 (100%) radiographers exhibited a high level of awareness of radiation safety principles on handling and working with radiopharmaceuticals which correlated to their years of experience. As for nurses, 4/5 (80%) showed limited knowledge and awareness of radiation protection principles irrespective of the number of years in the profession. CONCLUSION: Despite their major role of caring for patients undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic treatments, the nurses showed limited knowledge of ionizing radiation and associated side effects. This was not surprising since they never received any formal basic radiation safety course. These findings were not unique to this Centre. A study conducted in a Kuwaiti Radiology Department also established that the vast majority of nurses did not understand the risks of working with ionizing radiation. Similarly, nurses in an Australian hospital exhibited knowledge limitations. However, nursing managers did provide the necessary radiation safety training when requested. In Guatemala and Saudi Arabia, where there was shortage of professional radiographers, nurses underwent radiography training, a course that equipped them with basic radiation safety principles. The radiographers in the Centre understudy unlike others in various parts of the world demonstrated substantial knowledge and awareness on radiation protection. Radiations safety courses attended when an opportunity arose played a critical role in their awareness. The knowledge and awareness levels of these radiographers were comparable to their counterparts in Sudan. However, it was much more above that of their counterparts in Jordan, Nigeria, Nepal and Iran who were found to have limited awareness and inadequate knowledge on radiation dose. Formal radiation safety and awareness courses and workshops can play a crucial role in raising the awareness of nurses and radiographers on radiation safety for their personal benefit and that of their patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20safety" title="radiation safety">radiation safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20awareness" title=" radiation awareness"> radiation awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20medicine" title=" nuclear medicine"> nuclear medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170681/assessment-of-nuclear-medicine-radiation-protection-practices-among-radiographers-and-nurses-at-a-small-nuclear-medicine-department-in-a-tertiary-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1422</span> Evaluation of the Gamma-H2AX Expression as a Biomarker of DNA Damage after X-Ray Radiation in Angiography Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Fardid">Reza Fardid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyeh%20Alipour"> Aliyeh Alipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common and deadliest diseases. A coronary angiography is an important tool for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Because angiography is performed by exposure to ionizing radiation, it can lead to harmful effects. Ionizing radiation induces double-stranded breaks in DNA, which is a potentially life-threatening injury. The purpose of the present study is an investigation of the phosphorylation of histone H2AX in the location of the double-stranded break in Peripheral blood lymphocytes as an indication of Biological effects of radiation on angiography patients. Materials and Methods: This method is based on measurement of the phosphorylation of histone (gamma-H2AX, gH2AX) level on serine 139 after formation of DNA double-strand break. 5 cc of blood from 24 patients with angiography were sampled before and after irradiation. Blood lymphocytes were removed, fixed and were stained with specific ϒH2AX antibodies. Finally, ϒH2AX signal as an indicator of the double-strand break was measured with Flow Cytometry Technique. Results and discussion: In all patients, an increase was observed in the number of breaks in double-stranded DNA after irradiation (20.15 ± 14.18) compared to before exposure (1.52 ± 0.34). Also, the mean of DNA double-strand break was showed a linear correlation with DAP. However, although induction of DNA double-strand breaks associated with radiation dose in patients, the effect of individual factors such as radiosensitivity and regenerative capacity should not be ignored. If in future we can measure DNA damage response in every patient angiography and it will be used as a biomarker patient dose, will look very impressive on the public health level. Conclusion: Using flow cytometry readings which are done automatically, it is possible to detect ϒH2AX in the number of blood cells. Therefore, the use of this technique could play a significant role in monitoring patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20angiography" title="coronary angiography">coronary angiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSB%20of%20DNA" title=" DSB of DNA"> DSB of DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CF%92H2AX" title=" ϒH2AX"> ϒH2AX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66700/evaluation-of-the-gamma-h2ax-expression-as-a-biomarker-of-dna-damage-after-x-ray-radiation-in-angiography-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1421</span> Radiation Protection Study for the Assessment of Mixed Fields Ionizing Radiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avram%20Irina">Avram Irina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coiciu%20Eugenia-Mihaela"> Coiciu Eugenia-Mihaela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Popovici%20Mara-Georgiana"> Popovici Mara-Georgiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitu%20Iani%20Octavian"> Mitu Iani Octavian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ELI-NP stands as a cutting-edge facility globally, hosting unique radiological setups. It conducts experiments leveraging high-power lasers capable of producing extremely brief 10 PW pulses on two fronts. Moreover, it houses an exceptional gamma beam system with distinctive spectral characteristics. The facility hosts various experiments across designated experimental areas, encompassing ultra-short high-power laser tests, high-intensity gamma beam trials, and combined experiments utilizing both setups. The facility hosts a dosimetry laboratory, which recently obtained accreditation, where the radiation safety group employs a host of different types of detectors for monitoring the personnel, environment, and public exposure to ionizing radiation generated in experiments performed. ELI-NP's design was shaped by radiological protection assessments conducted through Monte Carlo simulations. The poster exemplifies an assessment conducted using the FLUKA code in an experimental area where a high-power laser system is implemented, and the future diagnostic system for variable energy gamma beams will soon be operational. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title="radiation protection">radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLUKA" title=" FLUKA"> FLUKA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title=" dosimetry"> dosimetry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179173/radiation-protection-study-for-the-assessment-of-mixed-fields-ionizing-radiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1420</span> Modeling of Processes Running in Radical Clusters Formed by Ionizing Radiation with the Help of Continuous Petri Nets and Oxygen Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Barilla">J. Barilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lokaj%C3%AD%C4%8Dek"> M. Lokajíček</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Pisakov%C3%A1"> H. Pisaková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Simr"> P. Simr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The final biological effect of ionizing particles may be influenced strongly by some chemical substances present in cells mainly in the case of low-LET radiation. The influence of oxygen may be particularly important because oxygen is always present in living cells. The corresponding processes are then running mainly in the chemical stage of radio biological mechanism. The radical clusters formed by densely ionizing ends of primary or secondary charged particles are mainly responsible for final biological effect. The damage effect depends then on radical concentration at a time when the cluster meets a DNA molecule. It may be strongly influenced by oxygen present in a cell as oxygen may act in different directions: at small concentration of it the interaction with hydrogen radicals prevails while at higher concentrations additional efficient oxygen radicals may be formed. The basic radical concentration in individual clusters diminishes, which is influenced by two parallel processes: chemical reactions and diffusion of corresponding clusters. The given simultaneous evolution may be modeled and analyzed well with the help of Continuous Petri nets. The influence of other substances present in cells during irradiation may be studied, too. Some results concerning the impact of oxygen content will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiobiological%20mechanism" title="radiobiological mechanism">radiobiological mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20phase" title=" chemical phase"> chemical phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSB%20formation" title=" DSB formation"> DSB formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petri%20nets" title=" Petri nets"> Petri nets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2417/modeling-of-processes-running-in-radical-clusters-formed-by-ionizing-radiation-with-the-help-of-continuous-petri-nets-and-oxygen-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1419</span> Exposure to Ionizing Radiation Resulting from the Chernobyl Fallout and Childhood Cardiac Arrhythmia: A Population Based Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geraldine%20Landon">Geraldine Landon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enora%20Clero"> Enora Clero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Rene%20Jourdain"> Jean-Rene Jourdain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2005, the Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN, France) launched a research program named EPICE (acronym for 'Evaluation of Pathologies potentially Induced by CaEsium') to collect scientific information on non-cancer effects possibly induced by chronic exposures to low doses of ionizing radiation with the view of addressing a question raised by several French NGOs related to health consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident in children. The implementation of the program was preceded by a pilot phase to ensure that the project would be feasible and determine the conditions for implementing an epidemiological study on a population of several thousand children. The EPICE program focused on childhood cardiac arrhythmias started in May 2009 for 4 years, in partnership with the Russian Bryansk Diagnostic Center. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in the Bryansk oblast (depending on the contamination of the territory and the caesium-137 whole-body burden) and to assess whether caesium-137 was or not a factor associated with the onset of cardiac arrhythmias. To address these questions, a study bringing together 18 152 children aged 2 to 18 years was initiated; each child received three medical examinations (ECG, echocardiography, and caesium-137 whole-body activity measurement) and some of them were given with a 24-hour Holter monitoring and blood tests. The findings of the study, currently submitted to an international journal justifying that no results can be given at this step, allow us to answer clearly to the issue of radiation-induced childhood arrhythmia, a subject that has been debated for many years. Our results will be certainly helpful for health professionals responsible for the monitoring of population exposed to the releases from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant and also useful for future comparative study in children exposed to ionizing radiation in other contexts, such as cancer radiation therapies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caesium-137" title="Caesium-137">Caesium-137</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20arrhythmia" title=" cardiac arrhythmia"> cardiac arrhythmia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chernobyl" title=" Chernobyl"> Chernobyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73954/exposure-to-ionizing-radiation-resulting-from-the-chernobyl-fallout-and-childhood-cardiac-arrhythmia-a-population-based-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1418</span> Optimal Parameters of Two-Color Ionizing Laser Pulses for Terahertz Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20D.%20Laryushin">I. D. Laryushin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20A.%20Kostin"> V. A. Kostin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Silaev"> A. A. Silaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20Vvedenskii"> N. V. Vvedenskii</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generation of broadband intense terahertz (THz) radiation attracts reasonable interest due to various applications, such as the THz time-domain spectroscopy, the probing and control of various ultrafast processes, the THz imaging with subwavelength resolution, and many others. One of the most promising methods for generating powerful and broadband terahertz pulses is based on focusing two-color femtosecond ionizing laser pulses in gases, including ambient air. For this method, the amplitudes of terahertz pulses are determined by the free-electron current density remaining in a formed plasma after the passage of the laser pulse. The excitation of this residual current density can be treated as multi-wave mixing: Аn effective generation of terahertz radiation is possible only when the frequency ratio of one-color components in the two-color pulse is close to irreducible rational fraction a/b with small odd sum a + b. This work focuses on the optimal parameters (polarizations and intensities) of laser components for the strongest THz generation. The optimal values of parameters are found numerically and analytically with the use of semiclassical approach for calculating the residual current density. For frequency ratios close to a/(a ± 1) with natural a, the strongest THz generation is shown to take place when the both laser components have circular polarizations and equal intensities. For this optimal case, an analytical formula for the residual current density was derived. For the frequency ratios such as 2/5, the two-color ionizing pulses with circularly polarized components practically do not excite the residual current density. However, the optimal parameters correspond generally to specific elliptical (not linear) polarizations of the components and intensity ratios close to unity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broadband%20terahertz%20radiation" title="broadband terahertz radiation">broadband terahertz radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionization" title=" ionization"> ionization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20plasma" title=" laser plasma"> laser plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrashort%20two-color%20pulses" title=" ultrashort two-color pulses"> ultrashort two-color pulses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77086/optimal-parameters-of-two-color-ionizing-laser-pulses-for-terahertz-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1417</span> Assessment of Radiation Protection Measures in Diagnosis and Treatment: A Critical Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buhari%20Samaila">Buhari Samaila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buhari%20Maidamma"> Buhari Maidamma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The use of ionizing radiation in medical diagnostics and treatment is indispensable for accurate imaging and effective cancer therapies. However, radiation exposure carries inherent risks, necessitating strict protection measures to safeguard both patients and healthcare workers. This review critically examines the existing radiation protection measures in diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy, highlighting technological advancements, regulatory frameworks, and challenges. Objective: The objective of this review is to critically evaluate the effectiveness of current radiation protection measures in diagnostic and therapeutic radiology, focusing on minimizing patient and staff exposure to ionizing radiation while ensuring optimal clinical outcomes and propose future directions for improvement. Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, covering scientific studies, regulatory guidelines, and international standards on radiation protection in both diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy. Emphasis was placed on ALARA principles, dose optimization techniques, and protective measures for both patients and healthcare workers. Results: Radiation protection measures in diagnostic radiology include the use of shielding devices, minimizing exposure times, and employing advanced imaging technologies to reduce dose. In radiotherapy, accurate treatment planning and image-guided techniques enhance patient safety, while shielding and dose monitoring safeguard healthcare personnel. Challenges such as limited infrastructure in low-income settings and gaps in healthcare worker training persist, impacting the overall efficacy of protection strategies. Conclusion: While significant advancements have been made in radiation protection, challenges remain in optimizing safety, especially in resource-limited settings. Future efforts should focus on enhancing training, investing in advanced technologies, and strengthening regulatory compliance to ensure continuous improvement in radiation safety practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title="radiation protection">radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20radiology" title=" diagnostic radiology"> diagnostic radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALARA" title=" ALARA"> ALARA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20worker%20safety" title=" healthcare worker safety"> healthcare worker safety</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192832/assessment-of-radiation-protection-measures-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-a-critical-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1416</span> Proteomic Evaluation of Sex Differences in the Plasma of Non-human Primates Exposed to Ionizing Radiation for Biomarker Discovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Williams">Christina Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehari%20Weldemariam"> Mehari Weldemariam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ann%20M.%20Farese"> Ann M. Farese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20J.%20MacVittie"> Thomas J. MacVittie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maureen%20A.%20Kane"> Maureen A. Kane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation exposure results in dose-dependent and time-dependent multi-organ damage. Drug development of medical countermeasures (MCM) for radiation-induced injury occurs under the FDA Animal Rule because human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible. The FDA Animal Rule requires the representation of both sexes and describes several uses for biomarkers in MCM drug development studies. Currently, MCMs are limited and there is no FDA-approved biomarker for any radiation injury. Sex as a variable is essential to identifying biomarkers and developing effective MCMs for acute radiation exposure (ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). These studies aim to address the death of information on sex differences that have not been determined by studies that included only male, single-sex cohorts. Studies have reported differences in radiosensitivity according to sex. As such, biomarker discovery for radiation-induced damage must consider sex as a variable. This study evaluated the plasma proteomic profile of Rhesus macaque non-human primates after different exposures and doses, as well as time points after radiation. Exposures and doses included total body irradiation between 5-7.5 Gy and partial body irradiation with 5% bone marrow sparing at 9, 9.5 and 10 Gy. Timepoints after irradiation included days 1, 3, 60, and 180, which encompassed both acute radiation syndromes and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure. Bottom-up proteomic analyses of plasma included equal numbers of males and females. In the control animals, few proteomic differences are observed between the sexes. In the irradiated animals, there are a few sex differences, with changes mostly consisting of proteins upregulated in the female animals. Multiple canonical pathways were upregulated in irradiated animals relative to the control animals when subjected to pathway analysis, but differential responses between the sexes are limited. These data provide critical baseline differences according to sex and establish sex differences in non-human primate models relevant to drug development of MCM under the FDA Animal Rule. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title="ionizing radiation">ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20differences" title=" sex differences"> sex differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20proteomics" title=" plasma proteomics"> plasma proteomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker%20discovery" title=" biomarker discovery"> biomarker discovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171393/proteomic-evaluation-of-sex-differences-in-the-plasma-of-non-human-primates-exposed-to-ionizing-radiation-for-biomarker-discovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1415</span> Ectoine: A Compatible Solute in Radio-Halophilic Stenotrophomonas sp. WMA-LM19 Strain to Prevent Ultraviolet-Induced Protein Damage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wasim%20Sajjad">Wasim Sajjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manzoor%20Ahmad"> Manzoor Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sundas%20Qadir"> Sundas Qadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rafiq"> Muhammad Rafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariha%20Hasan"> Fariha Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Tehan"> Richard Tehan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerry%20L.%20McPhail"> Kerry L. McPhail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamer%20Ali%20Shah"> Aamer Ali Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: This study aims to investigate the possible radiation protective role of a compatible solute in the tolerance of radio-halophilic bacterium against stresses, like desiccation and exposure to ionizing radiation. Methods and Results: Nine different radio-resistant bacteria were isolated from desert soil, where strain WMA-LM19 was chosen for detailed studies on the basis of its high tolerance for ultraviolet radiation among all these isolates. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the bacterium was closely related to Stenotrophomonas sp. (KT008383). A bacterial milking strategy was applied for extraction of intracellular compatible solutes in 70% (v/v) ethanol, which were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The compound was characterized as ectoine by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). Ectoine demonstrated more efficient preventive activity (54.80%) to erythrocyte membranes and also inhibited oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in comparison to the standard ascorbic acid. Furthermore, a high level of ectoine-mediated protection of bovine serum albumin against ionizing radiation (1500-2000 Jm-2) was observed, as indicated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis. Conclusion: The results indicated that ectoine can be used as a potential mitigator and radio-protective agent to overcome radiation- and salinity-mediated oxidative damage in extreme environments. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study shows that ectoine from radio-halophiles can be used as a potential source in topical creams as sunscreen. The investigation of ectoine as UV protectant also changes the prospective that radiation resistance is specific only to molecular adaptation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ectoine" title="ectoine">ectoine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-oxidant" title=" anti-oxidant"> anti-oxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stenotrophomonas%20sp." title=" stenotrophomonas sp."> stenotrophomonas sp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet%20radiation" title=" ultraviolet radiation"> ultraviolet radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79565/ectoine-a-compatible-solute-in-radio-halophilic-stenotrophomonas-sp-wma-lm19-strain-to-prevent-ultraviolet-induced-protein-damage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1414</span> Evaluation of Radio Protective Potential of Indian Bamboo Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansi%20Patel">Mansi Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Mehta"> Priti Mehta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ionizing radiations have detrimental effects on humans, and the growing technological encroachment has increased human exposure to it enormously. So, the safety issues have emphasized researchers to develop radioprotector from natural resources having minimal toxicity. A substance having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activity can be a potential candidate for radioprotection. One such plant with immense potential i.e. Bamboo was selected for the present study. Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the potential of Indian bamboo leaves for protection against the clastogenic effect of gamma radiation. Methods: The protective effect of bamboo leaf extract against gamma radiation-induced genetic damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) was evaluated in vitro using Cytokinesis blocked micronuclei assay (CBMN). The blood samples were pretreated with varying concentration of extract 30 min before the radiation exposure (4Gy & 6Gy). The reduction in the frequency of micronuclei was observed for the irradiated and control groups. The effect of various concentration of bamboo leaf extract (400,600,800 mg/kg) on the development of radiation induced sickness and altered mortality in mice exposed to 8 Gy of whole-body gamma radiation was studied. The developed symptoms were clinically scored by multiple endpoints for 30 days. Results: Treatment of HPBLs with varying concentration of extract before exposure to a different dose of γ- radiation resulted in significant (P < 0.0001) decline of radiation induced micronuclei. It showed dose dependent and concentration driven activity. The maximum protection ~ 70% was achieved at nine µg/ml concentration. Extract treated whole body irradiated mice showed 50%, 83.3% and 100% survival for 400, 600, and 800mg/kg with 1.05, 0.43 and 0 clinical score respectively when compared to Irradiated mice having 6.03 clinical score and 0% survival. Conclusion: Our findings indicate bamboo leaf extract reduced the radiation induced cytogenetic damage. It has also increased the survival ratio and reduced the radiation induced sickness and mortality when exposed to a lethal dose of gamma radiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bamboo%20leaf%20extract" title="bamboo leaf extract">bamboo leaf extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cytokinesis%20blocked%20micronuclei%20%28CBMN%29%20assay" title=" Cytokinesis blocked micronuclei (CBMN) assay"> Cytokinesis blocked micronuclei (CBMN) assay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation" title=" ionizing radiation"> ionizing radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio%20protector" title=" radio protector"> radio protector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99802/evaluation-of-radio-protective-potential-of-indian-bamboo-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1413</span> A Review of Protocols and Guidelines Addressing the Exposure of Occupants to Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Radiation in Buildings </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabnam%20Monadizadeh">Shabnam Monadizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Kibert"> Charles Kibert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiaxuan%20Li"> Jiaxuan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janghoon%20Woo"> Janghoon Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashish%20Asutosh"> Ashish Asutosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Roostaei"> Samira Roostaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Kouhirostami"> Maryam Kouhirostami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation. Communications devices, household appliances, industrial equipment, and medical devices all produce EMF radiation with a variety of frequencies, strengths, and ranges. Some EMF radiation, such as Extremely Low Frequency (ELF), Radio Frequency (RF), and the ionizing range have been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Depending on the frequency and strength of the radiation, EMF radiation can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain, nervous, and cardiovascular levels. Health authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of EMF radiation. By introducing a more comprehensive field of EMF radiation study and practice, architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic (EM) indoor environment, and, as building and construction specialists, will be able to monitor and reduce EM radiation. This paper identifies the nature of EMF radiation in the built environment, the various EMF radiation sources, and its human health effects. It addresses European and US regulations for EMF radiation in buildings and provides a preliminary action plan. The challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMF radiation frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMF radiation on building occupants are discussed. This paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMF radiation in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts occupant health should be developed to provide adequate safeguards for human occupants of buildings for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20affection" title="biological affection">biological affection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20field" title=" electromagnetic field"> electromagnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20regulation" title=" building regulation"> building regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20health" title=" human health"> human health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20building" title=" healthy building"> healthy building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20construction" title=" clean construction "> clean construction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129637/a-review-of-protocols-and-guidelines-addressing-the-exposure-of-occupants-to-electromagnetic-field-emf-radiation-in-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1412</span> Hepatoprotective Action of Emblica officinalis Linn. against Radiation and Lead Induced Changes in Swiss Albino Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Purohit">R. K. Purohit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionizing radiation induces cellular damage through direct ionization of DNA and other cellular targets and indirectly via reactive oxygen species which may include effects from epigenetic changes. So there is a need of hour is to search for an ideal radioprotector which could minimize the deleterious and damaging effects caused by ionizing radiation. Radioprotectors are agents which reduce the radiation effects on cell when applied prior to exposure of radiation. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy of Emblica officinalis in reducing radiation and lead induced changes in mice liver. For the present experiment, healthy male Swiss albino mice (6-8 weeks) were selected and maintained under standard conditions of temperature and light. Fruit extract of Emblica was fed orally at the dose of 0.01 ml/animal/day. The animal were divided into seven groups according to the treatment i.e. lead acetate solution as drinking water (group-II) or exposed to 3.5 or 7.0 Gy gamma radiation (group-III) or combined treatment of radiation and lead acetate (group-IV). The animals of experimental groups were administered Emblica extract seven days prior to radiation or lead acetate treatment (group V, VI and VII) respectively. The animals from all the groups were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at each post-treatment intervals of 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days. After sacrificing the animals pieces of liver were taken out and some of them were kept at -20°C for different biochemical parameters. The histopathological changes included cytoplasmic degranulation, vacuolation, hyperaemia, pycnotic and crenated nuclei. The changes observed in the control groups were compared with the respective experimental groups. An increase in the value of total proteins, glycogen, acid phosphtase, alkaline phosphatase activity and RNA was observed up to day-14 in the non drug treated group and day 7 in the Emblica treated groups, thereafter value declined up to day-28 without reaching to normal. The value of cholesterol and DNA showed a decreasing trend up to day -14 in non drug treated groups and day-7 in drug treated groups, thereafter value elevated up to day-28. The biochemical parameters were observed in the form of increase or decrease in the values. The changes were found dose dependent. After combined treatment of radiation and lead acetate synergistic effect were observed. The liver of Emblica treated animals exhibited less severe damage as compared to non-drug treated animals at all the corresponding intervals. An early and fast recovery was also noticed in Emblica pretreated animals. Thus, it appears that Emblica is potent enough to check lead and radiation induced heptic lesion in Swiss albino mice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title="radiation">radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead" title=" lead "> lead </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emblica" title=" emblica"> emblica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mice" title=" mice"> mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver" title=" liver"> liver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7341/hepatoprotective-action-of-emblica-officinalis-linn-against-radiation-and-lead-induced-changes-in-swiss-albino-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1411</span> Screening Deformed Red Blood Cells Irradiated by Ionizing Radiations Using Windowed Fourier Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahi%20Ghareab%20Abdelsalam%20Ibrahim">Dahi Ghareab Abdelsalam Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20H.%20Bakr"> R. H. Bakr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionizing radiation, such as gamma radiation and X-rays, has many applications in medical diagnoses and cancer treatment. In this paper, we used the windowed Fourier transform to extract the complex image of the deformed red blood cells. The real values of the complex image are used to extract the best fitting of the deformed cell boundary. Male albino rats are irradiated by γ-rays from ⁶⁰Co. The male albino rats are anesthetized with ether, and then blood samples are collected from the eye vein by heparinized capillary tubes for studying the radiation-damaging effect in-vivo by the proposed windowed Fourier transform. The peripheral blood films are prepared according to the Brown method. The peripheral blood film is photographed by using an Automatic Image Contour Analysis system (SAMICA) from ELBEK-Bildanalyse GmbH, Siegen, Germany. The SAMICA system is provided with an electronic camera connected to a computer through a built-in interface card, and the image can be magnified up to 1200 times and displayed by the computer. The images of the peripheral blood films are then analyzed by the windowed Fourier transform method to extract the precise deformation from the best fitting. Based on accurate deformation evaluation of the red blood cells, diseases can be diagnosed in their primary stages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=windowed%20Fourier%20transform" title="windowed Fourier transform">windowed Fourier transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20blood%20cells" title=" red blood cells"> red blood cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20wrapping" title=" phase wrapping"> phase wrapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Image%20processing" title=" Image processing"> Image processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161268/screening-deformed-red-blood-cells-irradiated-by-ionizing-radiations-using-windowed-fourier-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1410</span> Estimation of Hydrogen Production from PWR Spent Fuel Due to Alpha Radiolysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sivakumar%20Kottapalli">Sivakumar Kottapalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdesselam%20Abdelouas"> Abdesselam Abdelouas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christoph%20Hartnack"> Christoph Hartnack</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spent nuclear fuel generates a mixed field of ionizing radiation to the water. This radiation field is generally dominated by gamma rays and a limited flux of fast neutrons. The fuel cladding effectively attenuates beta and alpha particle radiation. Small fraction of the spent nuclear fuel exhibits some degree of fuel cladding penetration due to pitting corrosion and mechanical failure. Breaches in the fuel cladding allow the exposure of small volumes of water in the cask to alpha and beta ionizing radiation. The safety of the transport of radioactive material is assured by the package complying with the IAEA Requirements for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material SSR-6. It is of high interest to avoid generation of hydrogen inside the cavity which may to an explosive mixture. The risk of hydrogen production along with other radiation gases should be analyzed for a typical spent fuel for safety issues. This work aims to perform a realistic study of the production of hydrogen by radiolysis assuming most penalizing initial conditions. It consists in the calculation of the radionuclide inventory of a pellet taking into account the burn up and decays. Westinghouse 17X17 PWR fuel has been chosen and data has been analyzed for different sets of enrichment, burnup, cycles of irradiation and storage conditions. The inventory is calculated as the entry point for the simulation studies of hydrogen production by radiolysis kinetic models by MAKSIMA-CHEMIST. Dose rates decrease strongly within ~45 μm from the fuel surface towards the solution(water) in case of alpha radiation, while the dose rate decrease is lower in case of beta and even slower in case of gamma radiation. Calculations are carried out to obtain spectra as a function of time. Radiation dose rate profiles are taken as the input data for the iterative calculations. Hydrogen yield has been found to be around 0.02 mol/L. Calculations have been performed for a realistic scenario considering a capsule containing the spent fuel rod. Thus, hydrogen yield has been debated. Experiments are under progress to validate the hydrogen production rate using cyclotron at > 5MeV (at ARRONAX, Nantes). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiolysis" title="radiolysis">radiolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20fuel" title=" spent fuel"> spent fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclotron" title=" cyclotron"> cyclotron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34769/estimation-of-hydrogen-production-from-pwr-spent-fuel-due-to-alpha-radiolysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1409</span> Radiation Effects in the PVDF/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20V.%20Pereira">Juliana V. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adriana%20S.%20M.%20Batista"> Adriana S. M. Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jefferson%20P.%20Nascimento"> Jefferson P. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clasc%C3%ADdia%20A.%20Furtado"> Clascídia A. Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20O.%20Faria"> Luiz O. Faria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exposure to ionizing radiation has been found to induce changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) homopolymers. The high dose gamma irradiation process induces the formation of C=C and C=O bonds in its [CH<sub>2</sub>-CF<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> main chain. The irradiation also provokes crosslinking and chain scission. All these radio-induced defects lead to changes in the PVDF crystalline structure. As a consequence, it is common to observe a decrease in the melting temperature (T<sub>M</sub>) and melting latent heat (L<sub>M</sub>) and some changes in its ferroelectric features. We have investigated the possibility of preparing nanocomposites of PVDF with graphene oxide (GO) through the radio-induction of molecular bonds. In this work, we discuss how the gamma radiation interacts with the nanocomposite crystalline structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20irradiation" title="gamma irradiation">gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title=" nanocomposites"> nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66621/radiation-effects-in-the-pvdfgraphene-oxide-nanocomposites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1408</span> A Fuzzy Inference Tool for Assessing Cancer Risk from Radiation Exposure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouharati%20Lokman">Bouharati Lokman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouharati%20Imen"> Bouharati Imen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouharati%20Khaoula"> Bouharati Khaoula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouharati%20Oussama"> Bouharati Oussama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouharati%20Saddek"> Bouharati Saddek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionizing radiation exposure is an established cancer risk factor. Compared to other common environmental carcinogens, it is relatively easy to determine organ-specific radiation dose and, as a result, radiation dose-response relationships tend to be highly quantified. Nevertheless, there can be considerable uncertainty about questions of radiation-related cancer risk as they apply to risk protection and public policy, and the interpretations of interested parties can differ from one person to another. Examples of tools used in the analysis of the risk of developing cancer due to radiation are characterized by uncertainty. These uncertainties are related to the history of exposure and different assumptions involved in the calculation. We believe that the results of statistical calculations are characterized by uncertainty and imprecision. Having regard to the physiological variation from one person to another. In this study, we develop a tool based on fuzzy logic inference. As fuzzy logic deals with imprecise and uncertain, its application in this area is adequate. We propose a fuzzy system with three input variables (age, sex and body attainable cancer). The output variable expresses the risk of infringement rate of each organ. A base rule is established from recorded actual data. After successful simulation, this will instantly predict the risk of infringement rate of each body following chronic exposure to 0.1 Gy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20exposure" title="radiation exposure">radiation exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50201/a-fuzzy-inference-tool-for-assessing-cancer-risk-from-radiation-exposure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1407</span> Simulation Study of Enhanced Terahertz Radiation Generation by Two-Color Laser Plasma Interaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirmal%20Kumar%20Verma">Nirmal Kumar Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pallavi%20Jha"> Pallavi Jha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Terahertz (THz) radiation generation by propagation of two-color laser pulses in plasma is an active area of research due to its potential applications in various areas, including security screening, material characterization and spectroscopic techniques. Due to non ionizing nature and the ability to penetrate several millimeters, THz radiation is suitable for diagnosis of cancerous cells. Traditional THz emitters like optically active crystals when irradiated with high power laser radiation, are subject to material breakdown and hence low conversion efficiencies. This problem is not encountered in laser - plasma based THz radiation sources. The present paper is devoted to the simulation study of the enhanced THz radiation generation by propagation of two-color, linearly polarized laser pulses through magnetized plasma. The two laser pulses orthogonally polarized are co-propagating along the same direction. The direction of the external magnetic field is such that one of the two laser pulses propagates in the ordinary mode, while the other pulse propagates in the extraordinary mode through homogeneous plasma. A transverse electromagnetic wave with frequency in the THz range is generated due to the presence of the static magnetic field. It is observed that larger amplitude terahertz can be generated by mixing of ordinary and extraordinary modes of two-color laser pulses as compared with a single laser pulse propagating in the extraordinary mode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-color%20laser%20pulses" title="two-color laser pulses">two-color laser pulses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terahertz%20radiation" title=" terahertz radiation"> terahertz radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetized%20plasma" title=" magnetized plasma"> magnetized plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordinary%20and%20extraordinary%20mode" title=" ordinary and extraordinary mode"> ordinary and extraordinary mode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53261/simulation-study-of-enhanced-terahertz-radiation-generation-by-two-color-laser-plasma-interaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1406</span> All Types of Base Pair Substitutions Induced by γ-Rays in Haploid and Diploid Yeast Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Koltovaya">Natalia Koltovaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadezhda%20Zhuchkina"> Nadezhda Zhuchkina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksenia%20Lyubimova"> Ksenia Lyubimova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study the biological effects induced by ionizing radiation in view of therapeutic exposure and the idea of space flights beyond Earth's magnetosphere. In particular, we examine the differences between base pair substitution induction by ionizing radiation in model haploid and diploid yeast <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> cells. Such mutations are difficult to study in higher eukaryotic systems. In our research, we have used a collection of six isogenic <em>trp5</em>-strains and 14 isogenic haploid and diploid <em>cyc1</em>-strains that are specific markers of all possible base-pair substitutions. These strains differ from each other only in single base substitutions within codon-50 of the <em>trp5</em> gene or codon-22 of the <em>cyc1</em> gene. Different mutation spectra for two different haploid genetic <em>trp5</em>- and <em>cyc1</em>-assays and different mutation spectra for the same genetic <em>cyc1</em>-system in cells with different ploidy — haploid and diploid — have been obtained. It was linear function for dose-dependence in haploid and exponential in diploid cells. We suggest that the differences between haploid yeast strains reflect the dependence on the sequence context, while the differences between haploid and diploid strains reflect the different molecular mechanisms of mutations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20pair%20substitutions" title="base pair substitutions">base pair substitutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3-rays" title=" γ-rays"> γ-rays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=haploid%20and%20diploid%20cells" title=" haploid and diploid cells"> haploid and diploid cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast%20Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae"> yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91922/all-types-of-base-pair-substitutions-induced-by-gh-rays-in-haploid-and-diploid-yeast-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionizing%20radiation&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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