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bacteria</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ileum bacteria"> <meta name="keywords" content="ileum bacteria"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ileum bacteria"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1545</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ileum bacteria</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1545</span> Development of an in vitro Fermentation Chicken Ileum Microbiota Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bello%20Gonzalez">Bello Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Setten%20Van%20M."> Setten Van M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brouwer%20M."> Brouwer M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The chicken small intestine represents a dynamic and complex organ in which the enzymatic digestion and absorption of nutrients take place. The development of an in vitro fermentation chicken small intestinal model could be used as an alternative to explore the interaction between the microbiota and nutrient metabolism and to enhance the efficacy of targeting interventions to improve animal health. In the present study we have developed an in vitro fermentation chicken ileum microbiota model for unrevealing the complex interaction of ileum microbial community under physiological conditions. A two-vessel continuous fermentation process simulating in real-time the physiological conditions of the ileum content (pH, temperature, microaerophilic/anoxic conditions, and peristaltic movements) has been standardized as a proof of concept. As inoculum, we use a pool of ileum microbial community obtained from chicken broilers at the age of day 14. The development and validation of the model provide insight into the initial characterization of the ileum microbial community and its dynamics over time-related to nutrient assimilation and fermentation. Samples can be collected at different time points and can be used to determine the microbial compositional structure, dynamics, and diversity over time. The results of studies using this in vitro model will serve as the foundation for the development of a whole small intestine in vitro fermentation chicken gastrointestinal model to complement our already established in vitro fermentation chicken caeca model. The insight gained from this model could provide us with some information about the nutritional strategies to restore and maintain chicken gut homeostasis. Moreover, the in vitro fermentation model will also allow us to study relationships between gut microbiota composition and its dynamics over time associated with nutrients, antimicrobial compounds, and disease modelling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title="broilers">broilers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20model" title=" in vitro model"> in vitro model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20microbiota" title=" ileum microbiota"> ileum microbiota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185845/development-of-an-in-vitro-fermentation-chicken-ileum-microbiota-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1544</span> Isolation and Identification of the Dominant Flora of the Intestinal Microbiota of Rattus norvegicus an Algerian Firm West</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Ould%20Yerou">Karima Ould Yerou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Meddah"> B. Meddah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tir%20Touil"> A. Tir Touil </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The intestinal flora also called the intestinal microbiota, consists of different bacteria and other microorganisms which occur naturally in the gastrointestinal tract organs components. These intestinal bacteria are present in their millions and help the functioning of the body in particular allowing aid to degradation of certain molecules into absorbable substrates. They also protect against invasion of the gut by other pathogenic bacteria, that is to say which may be responsible for disease. Factors like stress, antibiotics and diet can affect the balance of intestinal flora and in case of imbalance, digestive disorders type bloating, diarrhea or vomiting may occur. Rattus norvegicus of bad weight of 100 kg, an Algerian firm West are scarified and isolation of their ileum and colon respectively two Bactrian strains Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus are then purified and identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intestinal%20flora" title="intestinal flora">intestinal flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rattus%20norvegicus" title=" Rattus norvegicus"> Rattus norvegicus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=West%20Algerian%20farm" title=" West Algerian farm"> West Algerian farm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42813/isolation-and-identification-of-the-dominant-flora-of-the-intestinal-microbiota-of-rattus-norvegicus-an-algerian-firm-west" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1543</span> Selection Effects on the Molecular and Abiotic Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abishek%20Rajkumar">Abishek Rajkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibiotic resistance can occur naturally given the selective pressure placed on antibiotics. Within a large population of bacteria, there is a significant chance that some of those bacteria can develop resistance via mutations or genetic recombination. However, a growing public health concern has arisen over the fact that antibiotic resistance has increased significantly over the past few decades. This is because humans have been over-consuming and producing antibiotics, which has ultimately accelerated the antibiotic resistance seen in these bacteria. The product of all of this is an ongoing race between scientists and the bacteria as bacteria continue to develop resistance, which creates even more demand for an antibiotic that can still terminate the newly resistant strain of bacteria. This paper will focus on a myriad of aspects of antibiotic resistance in bacteria starting with how it occurs on a molecular level and then focusing on the antibiotic concentrations and how they affect the resistance and fitness seen in bacteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title="antibiotic">antibiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular" title=" molecular"> molecular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutation" title=" mutation"> mutation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66066/selection-effects-on-the-molecular-and-abiotic-evolution-of-antibiotic-resistance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1542</span> Effects of Palm Kernel Expeller Processing on the Ileal Populations of Lactobacilli and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Navidshad">B. Navidshad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of enzymatic treatment and shell content of palm kernel expeller (PKE) on the ileal Lactobacilli and Escherichia coli populations in broiler chickens. At the finisher phase, one hundred male broiler chickens (Cobb-500) were fed a control diet or the diets containing 200 g/kg of normal PKE (70 g/kg shell), low shell PKE (30 g/kg shell), enzymatic treated PKE or low shell-enzymatic treated PKE. The quantitative real-time PCR were used to determine the ileal bacteria populations. The lowest ileal Lactobacilli population was found in the chickens fed the low shell PKE diet. Dietary normal PKE or low shell-enzymatic treated PKE decreased the Escherichia coli population compared to the control diet. The results suggested that PKE could be included up to 200 g/kg in the finisher diet, however, any screening practice to reduce the shell content of PKE without enzymatic degradation of β-mannan, decrease ileal Lactobacilli population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20kernel%20expeller" title="palm kernel expeller">palm kernel expeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exogenous%20enzyme" title=" exogenous enzyme"> exogenous enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shell%20content" title=" shell content"> shell content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria" title=" ileum bacteria"> ileum bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chickens" title=" broiler chickens"> broiler chickens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33444/effects-of-palm-kernel-expeller-processing-on-the-ileal-populations-of-lactobacilli-and-escherichia-coli-in-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1541</span> Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Different Dithiolethiones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zehour%20Rahmani">Zehour Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messouda%20Dekmouche"> Messouda Dekmouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hadjadj"> Mohamed Hadjadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokhtar%20Saidi"> Mokhtar Saidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the study of disease – causing microorganisms became concentrated on bacteria and largely institutionalized. In earlier years, the scientists interested in bacteria had originally been chemists like Pasteur, physicists like Tyndall, or botanists like Cohn and ward. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of some dithiolethiones on standard microorganism strains as well as multi-drug resistant bacteria, which were isolated from hospitals. Recent studies have demonstrated, that several dithiolethione compounds, particularly (3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione), exhibit the biological activities against several bacteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dithiolethiones" title=" dithiolethiones"> dithiolethiones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganism" title=" microorganism"> microorganism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential" title=" potential "> potential </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39624/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activity-of-different-dithiolethiones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1540</span> Supplementation of Yeast Cell Wall on Growth Performance in Broiler Reared under High Ambient Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shahzad%20Hussain">Muhammad Shahzad Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two major problems are facing generally by conventional poultry farming that is disease outbreaks and poor performance, which results due to improper management. To enhance the growth performance and efficiency of feed and reduce disease outbreaks, antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) which are antibiotics at sub-therapeutic levels, are extensively used in the poultry industry. European Union has banned the use of antibiotics due to their presence in poultry products, development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and disturbance of normal gut microbial ecology. These residues cause serious health concerns and produce antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes in human beings. These issues strengthen the need for the withdrawal of AGPs from poultry feed. Nowadays, global warming is a major issue, and it is more critical in tropical areas like Pakistan, where heat stress is already a major problem. Heat stress leads to poor production performance, high mortality, immuno-suppression, and concomitant diseases outbreak. The poultry feed industry in Pakistan, like other countries of the world, has been facing shortages and high prices of local as well as imported feed ingredients. Prebiotics are potential replacer for AGP as prebiotics has properties to enhance the production potential and reduce the growth of harmful bacteria as well as stimulate the growth/activity of beneficial bacteria. The most commonly used prebiotics in poultry includes mannan oligosaccharide (MOS). MOS is an essential component of the yeast cell wall (YCW) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); therefore, the YCW wall possesses prebiotic properties. The use of distillery yeast wall (YCW) has the potential to replace conventional AGPs and to reduce mortality due to heat stress as well as to bind toxins in the feed. The dietary addition of YCW has not only positive effects on production performance in poultry during normal conditions but during stressful conditions. A total of 168-day-old broilers were divided into 6 groups, each of which has 28 birds with 4 replicates (n=7).Yeast cell wall (YCW) supplementation @ 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% from day 0 to 35. Heat stress was exposed from day 21 to 35 at 30±1.1ᵒC with relative humidity 65±5%. Zootechnical parameters like body weight, FCR, Organ development, and histomorphometric parameters were studied. A significant weight gain was observed at group C supplemented @ 1.5% YCW during the fifth week. Significant organ weight gain of Gizzard, spleen, small intestine, and cecum was observed at group C supplemented @ 1.5% YCW. According to morphometric indices Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum has significant villus height, while Jejunum and Ileum have also significant villus surface area in the group supplemented with 1.5% YCW. IEL count was only decreased in 1.5% YCW-fed group in jejunum and ileum, not in duodenum, that was less in 2% YCW-supplemented group. Dietary yeast cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae partially reduced the effects of high ambient temperature in terms of better growth and modified gut histology and components of mucosal immune response to better withstand heat stress in broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title="antibiotics">antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AGPs" title=" AGPs"> AGPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title=" broilers"> broilers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOS" title=" MOS"> MOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotics" title=" prebiotics"> prebiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YCW" title=" YCW"> YCW</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163334/supplementation-of-yeast-cell-wall-on-growth-performance-in-broiler-reared-under-high-ambient-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1539</span> In vitro Evaluation of Prebiotic Potential of Wheat Germ</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%ADgia%20Pimentel">Lígia Pimentel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Pereira"> Miguel Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuela%20Pintado"> Manuela Pintado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wheat germ is a by-product of wheat flour refining. Despite this by-product being a source of proteins, lipids, fibres and complex carbohydrates, and consequently a valuable ingredient to be used in Food Industry, only few applications have been studied. The main goal of this study was to assess the potential prebiotic effect of natural wheat germ. The prebiotic potential was evaluated by in vitro assays with individual microbial strains (Lactobacillus paracasei L26 and Lactobacillus casei L431). A simulated model of the gastrointestinal digestion was also used including the conditions present in the mouth (artificial saliva), oesophagus–stomach (artificial gastric juice), duodenum (artificial intestinal juice) and ileum. The effect of natural wheat germ and wheat germ after digestion on the growth of lactic acid bacteria was studied by growing those microorganisms in de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth (with 2% wheat germ and 1% wheat germ after digestion) and incubating at 37 ºC for 48 h with stirring. A negative control consisting of MRS broth without glucose was used and the substrate was also compared to a commercial prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h for bacterial cell counts (CFU/mL) and pH measurement. Results obtained showed that wheat germ has a stimulatory effect on the bacteria tested, presenting similar (or even higher) results to FOS, when comparing to the culture medium without glucose. This was demonstrated by the viable cell counts and also by the decrease on the medium pH. Both L. paracasei L26 and L. casei L431 could use these compounds as a substitute for glucose with an enhancement of growth. In conclusion, we have shown that wheat germ stimulate the growth of probiotic lactic acid bacteria. In order to understand if the composition of gut bacteria is altered and if wheat germ could be used as potential prebiotic, further studies including faecal fermentations should be carried out. Nevertheless, wheat germ seems to have potential to be a valuable compound to be used in Food Industry, mainly in the Bakery Industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=by-products" title="by-products">by-products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20ingredients" title=" functional ingredients"> functional ingredients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotic%20potential" title=" prebiotic potential"> prebiotic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20germ" title=" wheat germ"> wheat germ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31117/in-vitro-evaluation-of-prebiotic-potential-of-wheat-germ" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1538</span> In vivo Antidiarrheal and ex-vivo Spasmolytic Activities of the Aqueous Extract of the Roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin in Rodents and Isolated Guinea-Pig Ileum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisseha%20%20Shiferie%20%28Bpharm">Fisseha Shiferie (Bpharm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mpharm%29"> Mpharm)</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by an increase in stool frequency and a change in stool consistency. Inspite of the availability of many drugs as antidiarrheal agents, the search for a drug with affordable cost and better efficacy is essential to overcome diarrheal problems. The root extract of Echinops kebericho, is used by traditional practitioners for the treatment of diarrhea. However, the scientific basis for this usage has not been yet established. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal and spasmolytic activities of the aqueous extract of the roots of E. kebericho in rodents and isolated guinea-pig ileum preparations. In the castor oil induced intestinal transit test, E. kebericho produced a significant (p < 0.01) dose dependent decrease in propulsion with peristaltic index values of 45.05±3.3, 42.71±2.25 and 33.17±3.3%, respectively at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg compared with 63.43±7.3% for control. In the castor oil-induced diarrhea test, the mean defecation was reduced from 1.81±0.18 to 0.99 ± 0.21 compared with 2.59 ±0.81 for control. The extract (at doses stated above) significantly decreased the volume of intestinal fluid secretion induced by castor oil (2.31±0.1 to 2.01±0.2) in relation to 3.28±0.3 for control. When tested on a guinea-pig ileum, root extract of Echinops kebericho exhibited a dose dependent spasmolytic effect, 23.07 % being its highest inhibitory effect. The results obtained in this study give some scientific support to the use of Echinops kebericho as an antidiarrheal agent due to its inhibitory effects on the different diarrheal parameters used in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidiarrheal%20activity" title="antidiarrheal activity">antidiarrheal activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20kebericho" title=" E. kebericho"> E. kebericho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20medicine" title=" traditional medicine"> traditional medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhea" title=" diarrhea"> diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enteropooling" title=" enteropooling"> enteropooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20intestinal%20transit" title=" and intestinal transit"> and intestinal transit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15265/in-vivo-antidiarrheal-and-ex-vivo-spasmolytic-activities-of-the-aqueous-extract-of-the-roots-of-echinops-kebericho-mesfin-in-rodents-and-isolated-guinea-pig-ileum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1537</span> Setting the Acceleration Test Conditions for Establishing the Expiration Date of Probiotics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myoyeon%20Kim">Myoyeon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The number of probiotics is various from product to product. The product must contain as many bacteria as the number of bacteria that claim because it greatly affects consumers' choices. It is very difficult to determine the number of viable bacteria with tests that proceed during the product development stage because the shelf life of lactic acid bacteria is mostly 18 to 24 months, and product development proceeds much faster than this. To predict the shelf life, a method of checking the number of viable bacteria was studied by shortening the time. The experiment was conducted with a total of 7 products including our products. The ongoing test stored at room temperature, the acceleration test stored at 30°C and 40°C were performed, and the number of bacteria was measured every two weeks. The number of viable bacteria stored at 30°C for 12 weeks was similar to the ongoing test when the shelf life was imminent. If it took more than 12 weeks, the product development schedule was postponed, so acceleration had no meaning. It was found that products stored at 40°C were unsuitable as acceleration test temperatures because the bacteria were almost killed within 4 to 8 weeks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title="probiotics">probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelf-life" title=" shelf-life"> shelf-life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20test" title=" acceleration test"> acceleration test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188379/setting-the-acceleration-test-conditions-for-establishing-the-expiration-date-of-probiotics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1536</span> Effects of Bacteria on Levels of AFM1 in Phosphate Buffer at Different Level of Energy Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Elgerbi">Ali M. Elgerbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obied%20A.%20Alwan"> Obied A. Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Taher%20O.%20Alzwei"> Al-Taher O. Alzwei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20A.%20Elouzi"> Abdurrahim A. Elouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The binding of AFM1 to bacteria in phosphate buffer solution depended on many factors such as: availability of energy, incubation period, species and strain of bacteria. Increase in concentration of sugar showed higher removal of AFM1 and faster than in phosphate buffer alone. With 1.0% glucose lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria showed toxin removal ranging from 7.7 to 39.7% whereas with 10.0% glucose the percentage removal was 21.8 to 45.4% at 96 hours of incubation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin%20M1" title="aflatoxin M1">aflatoxin M1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifidobacteria" title=" bifidobacteria "> bifidobacteria </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding" title=" binding"> binding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20buffer" title=" phosphate buffer "> phosphate buffer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875/effects-of-bacteria-on-levels-of-afm1-in-phosphate-buffer-at-different-level-of-energy-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1535</span> Bacteria Removal from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boudjema%20Nouara">Boudjema Nouara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mameri%20%20Nabil"> Mameri Nabil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bacteria have played an important role in water contamination as a consequence of organic pollution. In this study, an electrocoagulation process was adopted to remove fecal contamination and pathogenic bacteria from waste water. The effect of anode/cathodes materials as well as operating conditions for bacteria removal from water, such as current intensity and initial pH and temperature. The results indicated that the complete removal was achevied when using aluminium anode as anode at current intensity of 3A, initial pH of 7-8 and electrolysis time of 30 minutes. This process showed a bactericidal effect of 95 to 99% for the total and fecal coliforms and 99% to 100% for Eschercichia coli and fecal Streptococci. A decrease of 72% was recorded for sulphite-reducing Clostridia. Thus, this process has the potential to be one the options for treatment where high amount of bacteria in wastewater river. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=el%20Harrach%20river" title=" el Harrach river"> el Harrach river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocoagulation" title=" electrocoagulation"> electrocoagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28065/bacteria-removal-from-wastewater-by-electrocoagulation-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1534</span> Isolation and Characterization of Indigenous Rhizosphere Bacteria Producing Gibberellin Acid from Local Soybeans in Three Different Areas of South Sulawesi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmiaty%20Sahur">Asmiaty Sahur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambo%20Ala"> Ambo Ala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baharuddin%20Patanjengi"> Baharuddin Patanjengi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elkawakib%20Syam%27un"> Elkawakib Syam'un</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to isolate and characterize the indigenous Rhizosphere bacteria producing Gibberellin Acid as plant growth isolated from local soybean of three different areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several soil samples of soybean plants were collected from the Rhizosphere of local soybeans in three different areas of South Sulawesi such as Soppeng, Bone and Takalar. There were 56 isolates of bacteria were isolated and grouped into gram-positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria .There are 35 isolates produce a thick slime or slimy when cultured on media Natrium Broth and the remaining of those produced spores. The results showed that of potential bacterial isolated produced Gibberellin Acid in high concentration. The best isolate of Rhizosphere bacteria for the production of Gibberellin Acid is with concentration 2%. There are 4 isolates that had higher concentration are AKB 19 (4.67 mg/ml) followed by RKS 17 (3.80 mg/ml), RKS 25 (3.70 mg / ml) and RKS 24 (3.29 mg/ml) respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizosphere" title="rhizosphere">rhizosphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gibberellin%20acid" title=" gibberellin acid"> gibberellin acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybeans" title=" soybeans"> soybeans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35624/isolation-and-characterization-of-indigenous-rhizosphere-bacteria-producing-gibberellin-acid-from-local-soybeans-in-three-different-areas-of-south-sulawesi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1533</span> The Effect of Bacteria on Mercury's Biological Removal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Soltani">Nastaran Soltani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metals such as Mercury are toxic elements that enter the environment through different ways and endanger the environment, plants, animals, and humans’ health. Microbial activities reduce the amount of heavy metals. Therefore, an effective mechanism to eliminate heavy metals in the nature and factory slops, is using bacteria living in polluted areas. Karun River in Khuzestan Province in Iran has been always polluted by heavy metals as it is located among different industries in the region. This study was performed based on the data from sampling water and sediments of four stations across the river during the four seasons of a year. The isolation of resistant bacteria was performed through enrichment and direct cultivation in a solid medium containing mercury. Various bacteria such as Pseudomonas sp., Serratia Marcescens, and E.coli were identified as mercury-resistant bacteria. The power of these bacteria to remove mercury varied from 28% to 86%, with strongest power belonging to Pseudomonas sp. isolated in spring making a good candidate to be used for mercury biological removal from factory slops. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karun%20River" title=" Karun River"> Karun River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury" title=" mercury"> mercury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20removal" title=" biological removal"> biological removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury-resistant" title=" mercury-resistant"> mercury-resistant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46736/the-effect-of-bacteria-on-mercurys-biological-removal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1532</span> Examining the Presence of Heterotrophic Aerobic Bacteria (HAB), and Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in Some Types of Water from the City of Tripoli, Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulsalam.%20I.%20Rafida">Abdulsalam. I. Rafida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa.%20F.%20Elalem"> Marwa. F. Elalem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasna.%20E.%20Alemam"> Hasna. E. Alemam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed at testing the various types of water in some areas of the city of Tripoli, Libya for the presence of Heterotrophic Aerobic Bacteria (HAB), and anaerobic Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The water samples under investigation included rainwater accumulating on the ground, sewage water (from the city sewage treatment station, sulphate water from natural therapy swimming sites), and sea water (i.e. sea water exposed to pollution by untreated sewage water, and unpolluted sea water from specific locations). A total of 20 samples have been collected distributed as follows: rain water (8 samples), sewage water (6 samples), and sea water (6 samples). An up-to-date method for estimation has been used featuring readymade solutions i.e. (BARTTM test for HAB and BARTTM test for SRB). However, with the exception of one rain water sample, the results have indicated that the target bacteria have been present in all samples. Regarding HAB bacteria the samples have shown a maximum average of 7.0 x 106 cfu/ml featuring sewage and rain water and a minimum average of 1.8 x 104 cuf/ml featuring unpolluted sea water collected from a specific location. As for SRB bacteria; a maximum average of 7.0 x 105 cfu/ml has been shown by sewage and rain water and a minimum average of 1.8 x 104 cfu/ml by sewage and sea water. The above results highlight the relationship between pollution and the presence of bacteria in water particularly water collected from specific locations, and also the presence of bacteria as the result of the use of water provided that a suitable environment exists for its growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterotrophic%20aerobic%20bacteria%20%28HAB%29" title="heterotrophic aerobic bacteria (HAB)">heterotrophic aerobic bacteria (HAB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphate%20reducing%20bacteria%20%28SRB%29" title=" sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB)"> sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sciences" title=" environmental sciences"> environmental sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19642/examining-the-presence-of-heterotrophic-aerobic-bacteria-hab-and-sulphate-reducing-bacteria-srb-in-some-types-of-water-from-the-city-of-tripoli-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1531</span> Isolation, Screening and Identification of Frog Cutaneous Bacteria for Anti-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adria%20Rae%20Abigail%20R.%20Eda">Adria Rae Abigail R. Eda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvin%20C.%20Diesmos"> Arvin C. Diesmos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vance%20T.%20Vredenburg"> Vance T. Vredenburg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merab%20A.%20Chan"> Merab A. Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mitigating strategies using symbiotic cutaneous bacteria is one of the major concerns in the conservation of amphibian population. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis associated with mass mortality and amphibian extinctions worldwide. In the Philippines, there is a lack of study on the cutaneous bacteria of Philippine amphibians that may have beneficial effects to ward off the deadly fungal infection. In this study, cutaneous bacteria from frogs were isolated and examined for anti-B. dendrobatidis activity. Eight species of frogs were collected at Mt. Palay-palay Mataas na Gulod National Park in Cavite, a site positive for the presence of B. dendrobatidis. Bacteria were isolated from the skin of frogs by swabbing the surfaces of the body and inoculated in Reasoner´s 2A (R2A) agar. Isolated bacteria were tested for potential inhibitory properties against B. dendrobatidis through zoospore inhibition assay. Results showed that frog cutaneous bacteria significantly inhibited the growth of B. dendrobatidis in vitro. By means of 16S rRNA gene primers, the anti-B. dendrobatidis bacteria were identified to be Enterobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis and Pseudomonas sp. Cutaneous bacteria namely Enterobacter sp. (isolates PLd33 and PCv4) and Pseudomonas (isolate PLd31) remarkably cleared the growth of B. dendrobatidis zoospore in 1% tryptone agar. Therefore, frog cutaneous bacteria inhibited B. dendrobatidis in vitro and could possibly contribute to the immunity and defense of frogs against the lethal chytridiomycosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Batrachochytrium%20dendrobatidis" title="Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20bacteria" title=" cutaneous bacteria"> cutaneous bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frogs" title=" frogs"> frogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoospore%20inhibition%20assay" title=" zoospore inhibition assay"> zoospore inhibition assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413/isolation-screening-and-identification-of-frog-cutaneous-bacteria-for-anti-batrachochytrium-dendrobatidis-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1530</span> Lactobacillus sp. Isolates Slaughterhouse Waste as Probiotics for Broilers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nourmalita%20Safitri%20Ningsih">Nourmalita Safitri Ningsih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridwan"> Ridwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqri%20Puspa%20Yunanda"> Iqri Puspa Yunanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to utilize the waste from slaughterhouses for chicken feed ingredients is probiotic. Livestock waste produced by livestock activities such as feces, urine, food remains, as well as water from livestock and cage cleaning. The process starts with the isolation of bacteria. Rumen fluid is taken at Slaughterhouse Giwangan, Yogyakarta. Isolation of Lactobacillus ruminus is done by using de Mann Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium. In the sample showed a rod-shaped bacteria are streaked onto an agar plates. After it was incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours, after which it is observed. The observation of these lactic acid bacteria it will show a clear zone at about the colony. These bacterial colonies are white, round, small, shiny on the agar plate mikroenkapsul In the manufacturing process carried out by the method of freeze dried using skim milk in addition capsulated material. Then the results of these capsulated bacteria are mixed with feed for livestock. The results from the mixing of capsulated bacteria in feed are to increase the quality of animal feed so as to provide a good effect on livestock. Scanning electron microscope testing we have done show the results of bacteria have been shrouded in skim milk. It can protect the bacteria so it is more durable in use. The observation of the bacteria showed a sheath on Lactobacillus sp. Preservation of bacteria in this way makes the bacteria more durable for use. As well as skim milk can protect bacteria that are resistant to the outside environment. Results of probiotics in chicken feed showed significant weight gain in chickens. Calculation Anova (P <0.005) shows the average chicken given probiotics her weight increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken" title="chicken">chicken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactobacillus%20sp" title=" Lactobacillus sp"> Lactobacillus sp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44218/lactobacillus-sp-isolates-slaughterhouse-waste-as-probiotics-for-broilers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1529</span> Study on the Heavy Oil Degradation Performance and Kinetics of Immobilized Bacteria on Modified Zeolite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20L%20Dai">Xiao L Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen%20X%20Wei"> Wen X Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuo%20Wang"> Shuo Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20B%20Li"> Jia B Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wei"> Yan Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy oil pollution generated from both natural and anthropogenic sources could cause significant damages to the ecological environment, due to the toxicity of some of its constituents. Nowadays, microbial remediation is becoming a promising technology to treat oil pollution owing to its low cost and prevention of secondary pollution; microorganisms are key players in the process. Compared to the free microorganisms, immobilized microorganisms possess several advantages, including high metabolic activity rates, strong resistance to toxic chemicals and natural competition with the indigenous microorganisms, and effective resistance to washing away (in open water system). Many immobilized microorganisms have been successfully used for bioremediation of heavy oil pollution. Considering the broad choices, low cost, simple process, large specific surface area and less impact on microbial activity, modified zeolite were selected as a bio-carrier for bacteria immobilization. Three strains of heavy oil-degrading bacteria Bacillus sp. DL-13, Brevibacillus sp. DL-1 and Acinetobacter sp. DL-34 were immobilized on the modified zeolite under mild conditions, and the bacterial load (bacteria /modified zeolite) was 1.12 mg/g, 1.11 mg/g, and 1.13 mg/g, respectively. SEM results showed that the bacteria mainly adsorbed on the surface or punctured in the void of modified zeolite. The heavy oil degradation efficiency of immobilized bacteria was 62.96%, higher than that of the free bacteria (59.83%). The heavy oil degradation process of immobilized bacteria accords with the first-order reaction equation, and the reaction rate constant is 0.1483 d⁻¹, which was significantly higher than the free bacteria (0.1123 d⁻¹), suggesting that the immobilized bacteria can rapidly start up the heavy oil degradation and has a high activity of heavy oil degradation. The results suggested that immobilized bacteria are promising technology for bioremediation of oil pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20oil%20pollution" title="heavy oil pollution">heavy oil pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20remediation" title=" microbial remediation"> microbial remediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20zeolite" title=" modified zeolite"> modified zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilized%20bacteria" title=" immobilized bacteria"> immobilized bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195/study-on-the-heavy-oil-degradation-performance-and-kinetics-of-immobilized-bacteria-on-modified-zeolite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1528</span> Biodiversity of Plants Rhizosphere and Rhizoplane Bacteria in the Presence of Petroleum Hydrocarbons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Togzhan%20D.%20Mukasheva">Togzhan D. Mukasheva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anel%20A.%20Omirbekova"> Anel A. Omirbekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raikhan%20S.%20Sydykbekova"> Raikhan S. Sydykbekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramza%20Zh.%20Berzhanova"> Ramza Zh. Berzhanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyudmila%20V.%20Ignatova"> Lyudmila V. Ignatova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following plants-barley (Hordeum sativum), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), grass mixture (red fescue-75%, long-term ryegrass - 20% Kentucky bluegrass - 10%), oilseed rape (Brassica napus biennis), resistant to growth in the contaminated soil with oil content of 15.8 g / kg 25.9 g / kg soil were used. Analysis of the population showed that the oil pollution reduces the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants and enhances the amount of spore-forming bacteria and saprotrophic micromycetes. It was shown that regardless of the plant, dominance of Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera bacteria was typical for the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants. The frequency of bacteria of these genera was more than 60%. Oil pollution changes the ratio of occurrence of various types of bacteria in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plants. Besides the Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera, in the presence of hydrocarbons in the root zone of plants dominant and most typical were the representatives of the Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus genera. Together the number was between 62% to 72%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title="pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20system" title=" root system"> root system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micromycetes" title=" micromycetes"> micromycetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10208/biodiversity-of-plants-rhizosphere-and-rhizoplane-bacteria-in-the-presence-of-petroleum-hydrocarbons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">500</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1527</span> Phylogenetic Characterization of Atrazine-Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Agricultural Soil in Eastern Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sawangjit%20Sopid">Sawangjit Sopid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study sugarcane field soils with a long history of atrazine application in Chachoengsao and Chonburi provinces have been explored for their potential of atrazine biodegradation. For the atrazine degrading bacteria isolation, the soils used in this study named ACS and ACB were inoculated in MS-medium containing atrazine. Six short rod and gram-negative bacterial isolates, which were able to use this herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen, were isolated and named as ACS1, ACB1, ACB3, ACB4, ACB5 and ACB6. From the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analysis, the isolated bacteria ACS1 and ACB4 were identified as Rhizobium sp. with 89.1-98.7% nucleotide identity, ACB1 and ACB5 were identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. with 91.0-92.8% nucleotide identity, whereas ACB3 and ACB6 were Klebsiella sp. with 97.4-97.8% nucleotide identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrazine-degrading%20bacteria" title="atrazine-degrading bacteria">atrazine-degrading bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title=" bioremediation"> bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20isolates" title=" Thai isolates"> Thai isolates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12599/phylogenetic-characterization-of-atrazine-degrading-bacteria-isolated-from-agricultural-soil-in-eastern-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">888</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1526</span> Characterization of Bacteria by a Nondestructive Sample Preparation Method in a TEM System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Shiue">J. Shiue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20H.%20Chen"> I. H. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Y.%20Chiu"> S. W. Y. Chiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20L.%20Wang"> Y. L. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we present a nondestructive method to characterize bacteria in a TEM system. Unlike the conventional TEM specimen preparation method, which needs to thin the specimen in a destructive way, or spread the samples on a tiny millimeter sized carbon grid, our method is easy to operate without the need of sample pretreatment. With a specially designed transparent chip that allows the electron beam to pass through, and a custom made chip holder to fit into a standard TEM sample holder, the bacteria specimen can be easily prepared on the chip without any pretreatment, and then be observed under TEM. The centimeter-sized chip is covered with Au nanoparticles in the surface as the markers which allow the bacteria to be observed easily on the chip. We demonstrate the success of our method by using E. coli as an example, and show that high-resolution TEM images of E. coli can be obtained with the method presented. Some E. coli morphology characteristics imaged using this method are also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chip" title=" chip"> chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEM" title=" TEM"> TEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54896/characterization-of-bacteria-by-a-nondestructive-sample-preparation-method-in-a-tem-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1525</span> On a Negative Relation between Bacterial Taxis and Turing Pattern Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elragig">A. Elragig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Townley"> S. Townley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Dreiwi"> H. Dreiwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we introduce a bacteria-leukocyte model with bacteria chemotaxsis. We assume that bacteria develop a tactic defense mechanism as a response to Leukocyte phagocytosis. We explore the effect of this tactic motion on Turing space in two parameter spaces. A fine tuning of bacterial chemotaxis shows a significant effect on developing a non-uniform steady state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotaxis-diffusion%20driven%20instability" title="chemotaxis-diffusion driven instability">chemotaxis-diffusion driven instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20chemotaxis" title=" bacterial chemotaxis"> bacterial chemotaxis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20biology" title=" mathematical biology"> mathematical biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology" title=" ecology"> ecology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12873/on-a-negative-relation-between-bacterial-taxis-and-turing-pattern-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1524</span> Encapsulated Bacteria In Polymer Composites For Bioremediation Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Mafi">Mahsa Mafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Encapsulation of Micrococcus Luteus (M. Luteus) in polymeric composites has been employed for the bioremediation, sequestration of metals and for the biodegradation of chemical pollutants and toxic components in waste water. Polymer composites in the form of nonwovens of nanofibers, or core/shell particles can provide a bacterial friendly environment for transfer of nutrients and metabolisms, with the least leakage of bacteria. M. Luteus is encapsulated in a hydrophilic core of poly (vinyl alcohol), following by synthesis or coating of a proper shell as a support to maintain the chemical and mechanical strength. The biological activity of bacteria is confirmed by Live/Dead analysis and agar plate tests. SEM and TEM analysis were utilized for morphological studies of polymer composites. As a result of the successful encapsulation of the alive bacteria in polymers, longer storage time in their functional state were achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polymer%20composites" title="Polymer composites">Polymer composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacteria%20encapsulation" title=" Bacteria encapsulation"> Bacteria encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bioremediation" title=" Bioremediation"> Bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waste%20water%20treatment" title=" Waste water treatment"> Waste water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120376/encapsulated-bacteria-in-polymer-composites-for-bioremediation-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1523</span> Different Formula of Mixed Bacteria as a Bio-Treatment for Sewage Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Marei">E. Marei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hammad"> A. Hammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ismail"> S. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20El-Gindy"> A. El-Gindy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to investigate the ability of different formula of mixed bacteria as a biological treatments of wastewater after primary treatment as a bio-treatment and bio-removal and bio-adsorbent of different heavy metals in natural circumstances. The wastewater was collected from Sarpium forest site-Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. These treatments were mixture of free cells and mixture of immobilized cells of different bacteria. These different formulas of mixed bacteria were prepared under Lab. condition. The obtained data indicated that, as a result of wastewater bio-treatment, the removal rate was found to be 76.92 and 76.70% for biological oxygen demand, 79.78 and 71.07% for chemical oxygen demand, 32.45 and 36.84 % for ammonia nitrogen as well as 91.67 and 50.0% for phosphate after 24 and 28 hrs with mixed free cells and mixed immobilized cells, respectively. Moreover, the bio-removals of different heavy metals were found to reach 90.0 and 50. 0% for Cu ion, 98.0 and 98.5% for Fe ion, 97.0 and 99.3% for Mn ion, 90.0 and 90.0% Pb, 80.0% and 75.0% for Zn ion after 24 and 28 hrs with mixed free cells and mixed immobilized cells, respectively. The results indicated that 13.86 and 17.43% of removal efficiency and reduction of total dissolved solids were achieved after 24 and 28 hrs with mixed free cells and mixed immobilized cells, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20%20bio-treatment" title="wastewater bio-treatment ">wastewater bio-treatment </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-sorption%20heavy%20metals" title=" bio-sorption heavy metals"> bio-sorption heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20desalination" title=" biological desalination"> biological desalination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilized%20bacteria" title=" immobilized bacteria"> immobilized bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20cell%20bacteria" title=" free cell bacteria"> free cell bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88568/different-formula-of-mixed-bacteria-as-a-bio-treatment-for-sewage-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1522</span> Bioremediation of Phenanthrene by Monocultures and Mixed Culture Bacteria Isolated from Contaminated Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Fazilah">A. Fazilah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Darah"> I. Darah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Noraznawati"> I. Noraznawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three different bacteria capable of degrading phenanthrene were isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated site. In this study, the phenanthrene-degrading activity by defined monoculture was determined and mixed culture was identified as <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. P3d, <em>Bacillus </em>sp. P4a and <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. P6. All bacteria were able to grow in a minimal salt medium saturated with phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy. Phenanthrene degradation efficiencies by different combinations (consortia) of these bacteria were investigated and their phenanthrene degradation was evaluated by gas chromatography. Among the monocultures,<em> Pseudomonas</em> sp. P6 exhibited 58.71% activity compared to <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. P3d and <em>Bacillus</em> sp. P4a which were 56.97% and 53.05%, respectively after 28 days of cultivation. All consortia showed high phenanthrene elimination which were 95.64, 79.37, 87.19, 79.21% for Consortia A, B, C and D, respectively. The results indicate that all of the bacteria isolated may effectively degrade target chemical and have a promising application in bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenanthrene" title="phenanthrene">phenanthrene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consortia" title=" consortia"> consortia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acinetobacter%20sp.%20P3d" title=" acinetobacter sp. P3d"> acinetobacter sp. P3d</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacillus%20sp.%20P4a" title=" bacillus sp. P4a"> bacillus sp. P4a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudomonas%20sp.%20P6" title=" pseudomonas sp. P6"> pseudomonas sp. P6</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47580/bioremediation-of-phenanthrene-by-monocultures-and-mixed-culture-bacteria-isolated-from-contaminated-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1521</span> Using Electro-Biogrouting to Stabilize of Soft Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20A.%20Keykha">Hamed A. Keykha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Miri"> Hadi Miri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a new method of soil stabilisation, electro-biogrouting (EBM), for improvement of soft soil with low hydraulic conductivity. This method uses an applied voltage gradient across the soil to induce the ions and bacteria cells through the soil matrix, resulting in CaCO3 precipitation and an increase of the soil shear strength in the process. The EBM were used effectively with two injection methods; bacteria injection and products of bacteria injection. The bacteria cells, calcium ions and urea were moved across the soil by electromigration and electro osmotic flow respectively. The products of bacteria (CO3-2) were moved by electromigration. The results showed that the undrained shear strength of the soil increased from 6 to 65 and 70 kPa for first and second injection method respectively. The injection of carbonate solution and calcium could be effectively flowed in the clay soil compare to injection of bacteria cells. The detection of CaCO3 percentage and its corresponding water content across the specimen showed that the increase of undrained shear strength relates to the deposit of calcite crystals between soil particles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sporosarcina%20pasteurii" title="Sporosarcina pasteurii">Sporosarcina pasteurii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrophoresis" title=" electrophoresis"> electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromigration" title=" electromigration"> electromigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroosmosis" title=" electroosmosis"> electroosmosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocement" title=" biocement"> biocement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23192/using-electro-biogrouting-to-stabilize-of-soft-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1520</span> Apparent Ileal and Excreta Digestibility of Protein Poultry By-Product Meal in 21 to 28 Days of Age Broiler Chicken</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mahmoudnia">N. Mahmoudnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khormali"> M. Khormali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This experiment was conducted to determine the apparent protein digestibility of poultry byproduct meal (PBPM) from two industrial poultry slaughter-houses on Ross 308 male broiler chickens in independent comparisons. The experiment consisted of seven dietary treatments and three replicates per treatment with three broiler chickens per replicate in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments consisted of a control corn- soybean diet, and levels 3, 6, and 9% PBPM produced by slaughter-house 1 and levels 3, 6, and 9% PBPM produced by slaughter house 2. Chromic oxide was added to the experimental diets as an indigestible marker. The apparent protein digestibility of each diet were determined with two methods of sample collection of ileum and excreta in 21-28 d of age. The results this experiment showed that use of PBPM had no significant effect on the performance of broiler chicks during period of experiments. The apparent protein digestibility of PBPM groups was significantly higher than control group by excreta sampling procedure (P<0.05). Using of PBPM 2 significantly (P<0.05) decreased the apparent protein digestibility values based on ileum sampling procedure vs control (85.21 vs. 90.14).Based results of this experiment,it is possible to use of PBPM 1 in broiler chicken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry%20by-product%20meal" title="poultry by-product meal">poultry by-product meal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparent%20protein%20digestibility" title=" apparent protein digestibility"> apparent protein digestibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independed%20comparison" title=" independed comparison"> independed comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chicken" title=" broiler chicken "> broiler chicken </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18677/apparent-ileal-and-excreta-digestibility-of-protein-poultry-by-product-meal-in-21-to-28-days-of-age-broiler-chicken" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1519</span> Comparison Ileal and Excreta Digestibility of Protein Poultry by-Product Meal in 21 to 28 Days of Age Broiler Chicken</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mahmoudnia">N. Mahmoudnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khormali"> M. Khormali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This experiment was conducted to determine the apparent protein digestibility of poultry by- product meal (PBPM) from two industrial poultry slaughter houses on Ross 308 male broiler chickens in independed comparisons. The experiment consisted of seven dietary treatments and three replicates per treatment with three broiler chickens per replicate in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments consisted of a control corn- soybean diet, and levels 3, 6 and 9% PBPM produced by slaughter house 1 and levels 3, 6 and 9% PBPM produced by slaughter house 2. Chromic oxide was added to the experimental diets as indigestible marker. The apparent protein digestibility of each diet were determined with two methods of sample collection of ileum and excreta in 21-28 d of age. The results this experiment showed that use of PBPM had no significantly effect on performance of broiler chicks during period of experiments. The apparent protein digestibility of PBPM groups was significantly higher than control group by excreta sampling procedure (P<0.05). Using of PBPM 2 significantly (P<0.05) decreased the apparent protein digestibility values based on ileum sampling procedure vs control ( 85.21 vs 90.14).Based results of this experiment,it is possible to use of PBPM 1 in broiler chicken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry%20by-product%20meal" title="poultry by-product meal">poultry by-product meal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparent%20protein%20digestibility" title=" apparent protein digestibility"> apparent protein digestibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independed%20comparison" title=" independed comparison"> independed comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chicken" title=" broiler chicken"> broiler chicken</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18653/comparison-ileal-and-excreta-digestibility-of-protein-poultry-by-product-meal-in-21-to-28-days-of-age-broiler-chicken" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1518</span> Isolation of Biosurfactant Producing Spore-Forming Bacteria from Oman: Potential Applications in Bioremediation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20N.%20Al-Bahry">Saif N. Al-Bahry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20M.%20Al-Wahaibi"> Yahya M. Al-Wahaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20E.%20Elshafie"> Abdulkadir E. Elshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20S.%20Al-Bemani"> Ali S. Al-Bemani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanket%20J.%20Joshi"> Sanket J. Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental pollution is a global problem and best possible solution is identifying and utilizing native microorganisms. One possible application of microbial product -biosurfactant is in bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated sites. We have screened forty two different petroleum contaminated sites from Oman, for biosurfactant producing spore-forming bacterial isolates. Initial screening showed that out of 42 soil samples, three showed reduction in surface tension (ST) and interfacial tension (IFT) within 24h of incubation at 40°C. Out of those 3 soil samples, one was further selected for isolation of bacteria and 14 different bacteria were isolated in pure form. Of those 14 spore-forming, rod shaped bacteria, two showed highest reduction in ST and IFT in the range of 70mN/m to < 35mN/m and 26.69mN/m to < 9mN/m, respectively within 24h. These bacterial biosurfactants may be utilized for bioremediation of oil-spills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title="bioremediation">bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20pollution" title=" hydrocarbon pollution"> hydrocarbon pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spore-forming%20bacteria" title=" spore-forming bacteria"> spore-forming bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-surfactant" title=" bio-surfactant"> bio-surfactant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3715/isolation-of-biosurfactant-producing-spore-forming-bacteria-from-oman-potential-applications-in-bioremediation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1517</span> Molecular Characterization and Determination of Bioremediation Potentials of Some Bacteria Isolated from Spent Oil Contaminated Soil Mechanic Workshops in Kaduna Metropolis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20D.%20Adams">David D. Adams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20B.%20Bello"> Ibrahim B. Bello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spent oil contaminated Soil from ten selected mechanic workshops were investigated for their bacteria and bioremediation potentials. The bacterial isolates were morphologically and molecularly identified as Enterobacter hormaechei, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri , Wesiella cibaria, Lactobacillus planetarium. The singles and a consortium of these bacteria incubated in the minimal salt medium incorporated with 1% engine oil exhibited various biodegradation rates, with the mixed consortium exhibiting the highest for this oil. The gene for the hydrocarbon enzyme Catechol 2, 3 dioxygenase (C2,30) was detected and amplified in Enterobacter hormaechei, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri using PCR and Agarose gel electrophoresis. The detection of the (C2,30) enzyme gene in, and the spent oil biodegradation activity exhibited by these bacteria suggest their possible possession of bioremediating potentials for the spent engine oil. It is therefore suggested that a pilot study on the field application of these bacteria for bioremediation and restoration of spent oil polluted environment should be done in mechanic workshops. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20engine%20oil" title="spent engine oil">spent engine oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme" title=" enzyme"> enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title=" bioremediation"> bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanic%20workshop" title=" mechanic workshop"> mechanic workshop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78069/molecular-characterization-and-determination-of-bioremediation-potentials-of-some-bacteria-isolated-from-spent-oil-contaminated-soil-mechanic-workshops-in-kaduna-metropolis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1516</span> Cellolytic Activity of Bacteria of the Bacillus Genus Isolated from the Soil of Zailiskiy Alatau Slopes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Savitskaya">I. Savitskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kistaubayeva"> A. Kistaubayeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zhubanova"> A. Zhubanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Blavachinskaiya"> I. Blavachinskaiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Ibrayeva"> D. Ibrayeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdulzhanova"> M. Abdulzhanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Otarbay"> A. Otarbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Isabekova"> A.Isabekova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted for the investigation of number of cellulolytic bacteria and their ability in decomposition. Seven samples surface soil were collected on cellulose Zailiskii Alatau slopes. Cellulolitic activity of new strains of Bacillus, isolated from soil is determined. Isolated cellulose degrading bacteria were screened for determination of the highest cellulose activity by quantitative assay using Congo red, gravimetric assay and colorimetric DNS method trough of the determination of the parameters of sugar reduction. Strains are assigned to: B.subtilis, B.licheniformis, B. cereus and, В. megaterium. Bacillus strains consisting of several different types of cellulases have broad substrate specificity of cellulase complexes formed by them. Cellulolitic bacteria were recorded to have highest cellulase activity and selected for optimization of cellulase enzyme production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose-degrading%20bacteria" title="cellulose-degrading bacteria">cellulose-degrading bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulase%20complex" title=" cellulase complex"> cellulase complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foothills%20soil" title=" foothills soil"> foothills soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10039/cellolytic-activity-of-bacteria-of-the-bacillus-genus-isolated-from-the-soil-of-zailiskiy-alatau-slopes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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