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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod"><span>Naučite se urejati</span></a></li><li id="n-Izbrani-članki" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Izbrani_%C4%8Dlanki"><span>Izbrani članki</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Naklju%C4%8Dno" title="Naložite naključno stran [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Naključna stran</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:ZadnjeSpremembe" title="Seznam zadnjih sprememb Wikipedije [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Zadnje spremembe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-obcestvo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-obcestvo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skupnost </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Vsebina" title="Kraj, kjer lahko prejmete pomoč"><span>Pomoč</span></a></li><li id="n-Pod-lipo" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pod_lipo"><span>Pod lipo</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Portal_skupnosti" title="O projektu, kaj lahko storite, kje lahko kaj najdete"><span>Portal skupnosti</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Stik_z_nami"><span>Stik z nami</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Glavna_stran" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-sl.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="prosta enciklopedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sl.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div 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name="search" placeholder="Iskanje v Wikipediji" aria-label="Iskanje v Wikipediji" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Preiščite viki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Posebno:Iskanje"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Išči</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osebna orodja"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Videz" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Videz</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class=""><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Venera+1" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Venera+1" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osebna orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uporabniški meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl"><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Venera+1" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Venera+1" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Konstrukcija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konstrukcija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Konstrukcija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konstrukcija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izstrelitev" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izstrelitev"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Izstrelitev</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izstrelitev-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Polet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pomen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pomen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pomen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pomen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glej_tudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glej_tudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Glej tudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glej_tudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sklici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sklici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sklici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sklici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Venera 1</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 41 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenera_1" title="Wenera 1 – afrikanščina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wenera 1" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7_1" title="فينيرا 1 – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فينيرا 1" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_1" title="Венера 1 – bolgarščina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Венера 1" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7" title="ভেনেরা ১ – bengalščina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভেনেরা ১" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%A1" title="ڤینیرا ١ – osrednja kurdščina" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤینیرا ١" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="osrednja kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C4%9Bra_1" title="Veněra 1 – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Veněra 1" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DB%B1" title="ونرا ۱ – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ونرا ۱" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%94_1" title="ונרה 1 – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ונרה 1" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_1" title="वेनेरा 1 – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेनेरा 1" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venyera%E2%80%931" title="Venyera–1 – madžarščina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Venyera–1" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="madžarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1-1" title="Վեներա-1 – armenščina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վեներա-1" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%8D%E3%83%A91%E5%8F%B7" title="ベネラ1号 – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベネラ1号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90-1" title="ვენერა-1 – gruzijščina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვენერა-1" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%84%A4%EB%9D%BC_1%ED%98%B8" title="베네라 1호 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베네라 1호" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – kölnsko narečje" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölnsko narečje" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera-1" title="Venera-1 – latvijščina" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Venera-1" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0-1" title="Венера-1 – makedonščina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Венера-1" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – malajščina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – novonorveščina" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novonorveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – okcitanščina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenera_1" title="Wenera 1 – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wenera 1" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0-1" title="Венера-1 – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Венера-1" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera-1" title="Venera-1 – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Venera-1" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera-1" title="Venera-1 – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Venera-1" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – švedščina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0-1" title="Венера-1 – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Венера-1" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7_1" title="وینرا 1 – urdujščina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وینرا 1" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdujščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1 – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Venera 1" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F1%E8%99%9F" title="金星1號 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="金星1號" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q152500#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Venera_1" title="Ogled vsebinske strani [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pogovor:Venera_1" rel="discussion" title="Pogovor o vsebinski strani [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pogovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Spremeni različico jezika" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenščina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Pogledi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Venera_1"><span>Preberi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit" title="Uredite to stran [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit" title="Uredi izvorno kodo te strani [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kodo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=history" title="Prejšnje redakcije te strani [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Orodja" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div 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.infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title"><i>Venera 1</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Venera_1_(a)_(Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG/260px-Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG/390px-Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG/520px-Venera_1_%28a%29_%28Memorial_Museum_of_Astronautics%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Maketa <i>Venere 1</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Vrsta misije</th><td class="infobox-data">Raziskovanje medplanetarnega prostora in Venere s trdim pristankom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OKB-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OKB-1 (stran ne obstaja)">OKB-1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Harvardsko poimenovanje</th><td class="infobox-data">1961 Gamma 1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mednarodni_ozna%C4%8Devalec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mednarodni označevalec (stran ne obstaja)">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1961-003A">1961-003A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152500#P247" title="Uredite to na Wikipodatkih"><img alt="Uredite to na Wikipodatkih" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0tevilka_Kataloga_satelitov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Številka Kataloga satelitov (stran ne obstaja)">SATCAT <span class="abbr" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted" title="število">št.</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">80</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Trajanje misije</th><td class="infobox-data">7 days</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Lastnosti vesoljskega plovila</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Proizvajalec</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OKB-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OKB-1 (stran ne obstaja)">OKB-1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Masa pri zagonu</th><td class="infobox-data">6424 kg</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Suha masa</th><td class="infobox-data">643.5 kg</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Začetek misije</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Datum zagona</th><td class="infobox-data">12. februar 1961, 02:09<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">12. februar 1961, 02:09</span>)</span> GMT</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Raketa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molnija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molnija (stran ne obstaja)">Molnija</a> 8K78</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kraj zagona</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kozmodrom_Bajkonur" title="Kozmodrom Bajkonur">Kozmodrom Bajkonur</a> 1/5</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Konec misije</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zadnji stik</th><td class="infobox-data">19. februar 1961<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">19. februar 1961</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Orbitalni parametri</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Referenčni sistem</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliocentri%C4%8Dna_orbita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliocentrična orbita (stran ne obstaja)">Heliocentrična orbita</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Izsrednost_tira" title="Izsrednost tira">Ekscentričnost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0,173</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsida" title="Apsida">Periapsidna višina</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0,718 <a href="/wiki/Astronomska_enota" title="Astronomska enota">a.e.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsida" title="Apsida">Apoapsidna višina</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,019 a.e</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Naklon_tira" title="Naklon tira">Inklinacija</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0,58°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbitalna_perioda" title="Orbitalna perioda">Perioda</a></th><td class="infobox-data">311 dni</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5913888"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Prelet <a href="/wiki/Venera" title="Venera">Venere</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Najbližja razdalja</th><td class="infobox-data">19. maj 1961</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Razdalja</th><td class="infobox-data">100000 km</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Program_Venera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Program Venera (stran ne obstaja)">Program Venera</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Venera 1</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ru%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Ruščina">rusko</a> <span lang="ru">Венера-1</span>) je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjetski_vesoljski_program&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjetski vesoljski program (stran ne obstaja)">sovjetska</a> <a href="/wiki/Vesoljska_sonda" title="Vesoljska sonda">vesoljska sonda</a>, namenjena raziskovanju <a href="/wiki/Venera" title="Venera">planeta Venere</a>. Sonda je mimo Venere letela 19. in 20. maja 1961, kar predstavlja tudi prvi medplanetarni let. V različnih fazah izstrelitve so jo občasno poimenovali tudi <b>Težki satelit 02</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ru%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Ruščina">rusko</a> <span lang="ru">тяжёлый спутник 02</span>) ali <b>Sputnik 8</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ru%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Ruščina">rusko</a> <span lang="ru">Спутник-8</span>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konstrukcija">Konstrukcija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Konstrukcija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Konstrukcija"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sonda je bila sestavljena iz dveh delov: trup sonde z obliko <a href="/wiki/Valj" title="Valj">valja</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sfera" title="Sfera">sferični</a> zgornji del. Dolžina celotne konstrukcije je bila 2,035 m, njen <a href="/wiki/Premer" title="Premer">premer</a> pa 1,05 m. Sonda je bila opremljena z dvema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fotovoltai%C4%8Dni_panel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fotovoltaični panel (stran ne obstaja)">paneloma sončnih celic</a>, nameščenima radialno na obeh straneh trupa, ki sta zagotavljata polnjenje srebrno-cinkovih baterij. Na zunanjo površino trupa je bila pritrjena parabolična antena s premerom 2 m, namenjena prenosu podatkov na Zemljo pri frekvenci 922,8 <a href="/wiki/Herc" title="Herc">MHz</a> (valovna dolžina 32 cm). </p><p>Na postaji so bili nameščeni naslednji znanstveni instrumenti: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetometer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetometer (stran ne obstaja)">magnetometer</a>,</li> <li>dve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionska_past&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ionska past (stran ne obstaja)">ionski pasti</a> za merjenje parametrov <a href="/wiki/Son%C4%8Dev_veter" title="Sončev veter">sončnega vetra</a>,</li> <li>detektor mikrometeoritov,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geigerjev_%C5%A1tevec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geigerjev števec (stran ne obstaja)">Geigerjev števec</a>,</li> <li>scintilacijski detektor za merjenje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kozmi%C4%8Dno_sevanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kozmično sevanje (stran ne obstaja)">kozmičnega sevanja</a>.</li></ul> <p>Na dnu vesoljskega plovila je bil nameščen pogonski sistem <a href="/w/index.php?title=KDU-414&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KDU-414 (stran ne obstaja)">KDU-414</a>, namenjen popravljanju poti leta. Masa sonde je bila 643,5 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kg</a>. </p><p>Zgornji del sonde je bila zaprta sferična komora, napolnjena z <a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1ik" title="Dušik">dušikom</a> pod tlakom 1,2 <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera_(enota)" title="Atmosfera (enota)">atmosfere</a>. Na tem območju je bila <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zastavica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zastavica (stran ne obstaja)">zastavica</a> s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simboli_ZSSR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simboli ZSSR (stran ne obstaja)">simboli ZSSR</a>. Komora je bila namenjena lebdenju po površini domnevnega Venerinega oceana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izstrelitev">Izstrelitev</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Izstrelitev" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Izstrelitev"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po tedanji sovjetski praksi so bile sonde izstreljene v parih. Izstrelitev prve sonde (<i>1VA št. 1</i>) istega tipa kot Venera 1 je potekala <a href="/wiki/4._februar" title="4. februar">4. februarja</a> <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a>, vendar je bila neuspešna zaradi okvare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vesoljski_vla%C4%8Dilec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vesoljski vlačilec (stran ne obstaja)">zgornje stopnje</a>. Na podlagi rezultatov preiskave je bilo ugotovljeno, da ena od komponent zgornje stopnje ni bila zasnovana za delovanje v vakuumu. Pred izstrelitvijo druge sonde je bila v naglici posledično modificirana zgornja stopnja nosilne rakete: neustrezno zasnovana enota je bila nameščena v hermetično zaprt vsebnik primerne velikosti.<sup id="cite_ref-chertocka_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chertocka-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Izstrelitev druge sonde (<i>1VA št. 2</i>) je bila izvedena <a href="/wiki/12._februar" title="12. februar">12. februarja</a> 1961 ob 7:09 po lokalnem času (<a href="/wiki/Greenwi%C5%A1ki_srednji_%C4%8Das" title="Greenwiški srednji čas">GMT</a>+5) iz <a href="/wiki/Kozmodrom_Bajkonur" title="Kozmodrom Bajkonur">kozmodroma Bajkonur</a> z nosilno raketo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strela_(RN)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strela (RN) (stran ne obstaja)">Molnija</a> (v prevodu <i>Strela</i>). Izstreljena kombinacija sonde in zgornje stopnje je bila poimenovana kot <i>težki satelit 02</i> (v nekaterih virih <i>Sputnik 8</i>). </p><p>Začetni orbitalni parametri tega sklopa so bili: </p> <ul><li>teža: 642,4 kg;</li> <li>perigej : 229,0 km;</li> <li>apogej : 282,0 km;</li> <li>naklon : 65°;</li> <li>obdobje: 89,6 minut.</li></ul> <p>Nato je bilo vesoljsko plovilo Venera-1 s pomočjo zgornje stopnje prestavljeno na tirnico proti Veneri. To velja za prvi izstrelitev iz zemljine orbite proti drugemu planetu. Izrabljena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blok_L_(blok_pospe%C5%A1ka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blok L (blok pospeška) (stran ne obstaja)">zgornja stopnja L</a> je ohranila ime <i>težki satelit 02</i> oz. <i>Sputnik 8</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Polet">Polet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: Polet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Polet"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_(Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe,_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg/160px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg/240px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg/320px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2556_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Globe_and_Venera_1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption> Sovjetska <a href="/wiki/Po%C5%A1tna_znamka" title="Poštna znamka">poštna znamka</a> iz leta 1961, posvečena Veneri 1.</figcaption></figure> <p>S sonde Venera 1 so prenašali podatke meritev parametrov <a href="/wiki/Son%C4%8Dev_veter" title="Sončev veter">sončevega vetra</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kozmi%C4%8Dni_%C5%BEarki" title="Kozmični žarki">kozmičnih žarkov</a> v bližini Zemlje, pa tudi na razdalji 1,9 milijona kilometrov od Zemlje. Po odkritju sončevega vetra s sondo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 1 (stran ne obstaja)">Luna 1</a> je Venera 1 potrdila prisotnost <a href="/wiki/Plazma_(fizika)" title="Plazma (fizika)">plazme</a> sončevega vetra v medplanetarnem <a href="/wiki/Vesoljski_prostor" title="Vesoljski prostor">prostoru</a>. Zadnja komunikacijska seja z Venero 1 je potekala <a href="/wiki/19._februar" title="19. februar">19. februarja</a> 1961. Po 7 dneh, ko je bila postaja na razdalji približno 2 milijona kilometrov od Zemlje, je bil stik s sondo izgubljen. </p><p><a href="/wiki/19._maj" title="19. maj">19.</a> in <a href="/wiki/20._maj" title="20. maj">20.</a> maja 1961 je sonda prešla približno 100.000 km mimo Venere in vstopila v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliocentri%C4%8Dna_orbita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliocentrična orbita (stran ne obstaja)">heliocentrično orbito</a>. </p><p>Po mnenju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_%C4%8Certok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris Čertok (stran ne obstaja)">Borisa Čertoka</a>, ki je sodeloval v sovjetskem vesoljskem programu, je bil eden od razlogov za neuspeh misije nepremišljena zasnova komunikacijskega sistema: vgrajeni sprejemniki so bili med odmori med komunikacijskimi sejami izklopljeni in vklopljeni le na ukaz avtomatizacije na vozilu. To je pomenilo, da je bilo komunikacijsko sejo mogoče organizirati le, kadar je sonda po določenem urniku in pod pogojem, da vsi sistemi delujejo pravilno enkrat na nekaj dni sama vklopila sprejemnike. To je močno omejilo zmožnost nadzornega centra za spremljanje stanja naprave, ki je bila prva te vrste in bi nujno potrebovala takšen nadzor. Stik s sondo je bil izgubljen, ker sonda ni odgovorila na klic v času, ko je bila po urniku predvidena seja. Na podlagi te izkušnje se pri kasnejših odpravah ne glede na dodatne stroške sprejemnikov ni izklapljalo, tako da je komunikacijske seje moč vzpostaviti neodvisno od urnika. Med zadnjimi komunikacijskimi sejami s sondo je bila odkrita okvara v sistemu, ki je bil odgovoren za orientacijo glede na Sonce. Pri preverjanju izračunov je bilo ugotovljeno, da je prišlo do napake pri izračunu toplotnega režima, zaradi česar sta bila pregrevanje in posledična odpoved senzorja neizogibna.<sup id="cite_ref-chertocka_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chertocka-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pomen">Pomen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: Pomen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Pomen"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_(Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe,_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg/160px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg/240px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg/320px-The_Soviet_Union_1961_CPA_2557_stamp_%28Launching_of_the_Venus_space_probe%2C_1961-2-12._Space_probe_and_its_path_to_Venus%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption> Sovjetska poštna znamka prikazuje shemo leta do Venere in skico sonde</figcaption></figure> <p>Izstrelitev <a href="/wiki/Vesoljska_sonda" title="Vesoljska sonda">vesoljske sonde</a> Venera 1 predstavlja pomemben mejnik v razvoju vesoljske tehnologije in raziskovanju <a href="/wiki/Oson%C4%8Dje" title="Osončje">sončnega sistema</a>. To je bila prva sonda, zasnovana za raziskovanje planetov. Prvič je bila uporabljena tehnika samodejnega popravljanja poti in orientacije po treh oseh glede na položaj Sonca in zvezde <a href="/wiki/Kanop_(zvezda)" title="Kanop (zvezda)">Kanop</a>. Za prenos <a href="/wiki/Telemetrija" title="Telemetrija">telemetričnih informacij</a> je bila prvič uporabljena parabolična antena. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glej_tudi">Glej tudi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi razdelek: Glej tudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=5" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Glej tudi"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Program_Venera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Program Venera (stran ne obstaja)">Program Venera</a> - sovjetski program raziskovanja Venere, v okviru katerega je bila izstreljena tudi sonda Venera 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_2" title="Mariner 2">Mariner 2</a> - prva sonda, ki je prejela znanstvene podatke z Venere (1962)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sklici">Sklici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi razdelek: Sklici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&action=edit&section=6" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Sklici"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-chertocka-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chertocka_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-chertocka_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5980307">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«""›""‹"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBoris_Čertok1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Boris Čertok (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200919100657/http://testpilot.ru/espace/bibl/chertok/kniga-2/6-6.html"><i>Ракеты и люди. Фили - Подлипки - Тюратам</i></a> [<i>Rakete in ljudje. Fili - Podlipki - Tjoratam</i>] (v ruščini) (2. izd.). Moskva: Mašinostrojenie. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/5-217-02935-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/5-217-02935-8"><bdi>5-217-02935-8</bdi></a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://testpilot.ru/espace/bibl/chertok/kniga-2/6-6.html">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 19. septembra 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%B8+%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B8.+%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+-+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8+-+%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC&rft.place=Moskva&rft.edition=2.&rft.pub=Ma%C5%A1inostrojenie&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=5-217-02935-8&rft.au=Boris+%C4%8Certok&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftestpilot.ru%2Fespace%2Fbibl%2Fchertok%2Fkniga-2%2F6-6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AVenera+1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pridobljeno iz »<a dir="ltr" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&oldid=6219354">https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venera_1&oldid=6219354</a>«</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sputnik" title="Kategorija:Sputnik">Sputnik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Venera" title="Kategorija:Venera">Venera</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vesoljska_plovila" title="Kategorija:Vesoljska plovila">Vesoljska plovila</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skriti kategoriji: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Viri_CS1_v_ru%C5%A1%C4%8Dini_(ru)" title="Kategorija:Viri CS1 v ruščini (ru)">Viri CS1 v ruščini (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%8Clanki,_ki_vsebujejo_rusko_besedilo" title="Kategorija:Članki, ki vsebujejo rusko besedilo">Članki, ki vsebujejo rusko besedilo</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Čas zadnje spremembe strani: 15:39, 20. maj 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Besedilo se sme prosto uporabljati v skladu z dovoljenjem <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0</a>; uveljavljajo se lahko dodatni pogoji. 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