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title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-棉花在中国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#棉花在中国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>棉花在中国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-棉花在中国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-品种与产地" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#品种与产地"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>品种与产地</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-品种与产地-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>用途</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-國際貿易" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#國際貿易"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>國際貿易</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-國際貿易-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-纤维形态" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纤维形态"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>纤维形态</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-纤维形态-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-性能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#性能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>性能</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-性能-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关性能子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-性能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-外观性能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外观性能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>外观性能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外观性能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-舒适性能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#舒适性能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>舒适性能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-舒适性能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-耐用性与加工保养性能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#耐用性与加工保养性能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>耐用性与加工保养性能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-耐用性与加工保养性能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-品质分级" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#品质分级"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>品质分级</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-品质分级-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">棉花</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。147种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">147种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katoen" title="Katoen – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Katoen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumwollfaser" title="Baumwollfaser – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Baumwollfaser" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A5%E1%8C%A5" title="ጥጥ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጥጥ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parok" title="Parok – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Parok" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cot%C3%B3n" title="Cotón – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cotón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%86" title="قطن – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قطن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%86" title="قطن – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قطن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="কপাহ – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কপাহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algod%C3%B3n" title="Algodón – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Algodón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qhiya" title="Qhiya – 艾马拉语" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Qhiya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾马拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamb%C4%B1q" title="Pambıq – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pambıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%82" title="پامبیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پامبیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Мамыҡ – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мамыҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boveln%C4%97" title="Bovelnė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bovelnė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gapas" title="Gapas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Gapas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Бавоўна – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бавоўна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Бавоўна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бавоўна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Памук – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Памук" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="তুলা – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto%C3%B1s" title="Kotoñs – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kotoñs" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamuk" title="Pamuk – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pamuk" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Хүбэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүбэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cot%C3%B3" title="Cotó – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cotó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%A8ng-hu%C4%83" title="Mièng-huă – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mièng-huă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B3hpeeva" title="Vóhpeeva – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Vóhpeeva" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavlna" title="Bavlna – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bavlna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%C4%83%D0%BA" title="Мамăк – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мамăк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotwm" title="Cotwm – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cotwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomuld" title="Bomuld – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bomuld" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumwollfaser" title="Baumwollfaser – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Baumwollfaser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alath" title="Alath – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Alath" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peme" title="Peme – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Peme" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9_(%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1)" title="Βαμβάκι (ίνα) – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαμβάκι (ίνα)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cotton" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotono" title="Kotono – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kotono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algod%C3%B3n" title="Algodón – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Algodón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puuvill" title="Puuvill – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Puuvill" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotoi" title="Kotoi – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kotoi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%87" title="پنبه – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پنبه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puuvilla" title="Puuvilla – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puuvilla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puuvill" title="Puuvill – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Puuvill" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bummull" title="Bummull – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bummull" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coton" title="Coton – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buumoltriad" title="Buumoltriad – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Buumoltriad" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katoen" title="Katoen – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Katoen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cad%C3%A1s" title="Cadás – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cadás" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotan" title="Cotan – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cotan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algod%C3%B3n" title="Algodón – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Algodón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandyju" title="Mandyju – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mandyju" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8" title="કપાસ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કપાસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maawui" title="Maawui – 瓦尤文" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Maawui" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="瓦尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadee" title="Cadee – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cadee" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auduga" title="Auduga – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Auduga" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaopa" title="Kaopa – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kaopa" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%94" title="כותנה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כותנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapaas" title="Kapaas – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kapaas" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamuk" title="Pamuk – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pamuk" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamut" title="Pamut – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pamut" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coton" title="Coton – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Coton" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotono" title="Kotono – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kotono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C3%B0mull" title="Baðmull – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Baðmull" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotone_(fibra)" title="Cotone (fibra) – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cotone (fibra)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%B6%BF" title="木綿 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="木綿" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ბამბა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბამბა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paxta" title="Paxta – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Paxta" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabdu%C9%A3t" title="Tabduɣt – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tabduɣt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0_(%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96)" title="Мақта (шитті) – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мақта (шитті)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಹತ್ತಿ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹತ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%B4%EC%84%AC%EC%9C%A0" title="면섬유 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="면섬유" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemb%C3%BB" title="Pembû – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pembû" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koton" title="Koton – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Koton" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linum_xylinum" title="Linum xylinum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Linum xylinum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotteng" title="Kotteng – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kotteng" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coton" title="Coton – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Coton" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoen" title="Ketoen – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ketoen" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coton" title="Coton – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Coton" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntok%C3%ADya" title="Ntokíya – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ntokíya" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medviln%C4%97" title="Medvilnė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medvilnė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokvilna" title="Kokvilna – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kokvilna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landihazo" title="Landihazo – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Landihazo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Памук – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Памук" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="പരുത്തി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പരുത്തി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D0%B2%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Хөвөн – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хөвөн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8" title="कापूस – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कापूस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कपास – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कपास" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="कपाय्‌ – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कपाय्‌" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afasi" title="Afasi – 尼亚斯语" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Afasi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katoen" title="Katoen – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Katoen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomull" title="Bomull – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bomull" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomull" title="Bomull – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bomull" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coton" title="Coton – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Coton" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BE" title="କପା – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କପା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9" title="ਕਪਾਹ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਪਾਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawe%C5%82na_(w%C5%82%C3%B3kno)" title="Bawełna (włókno) – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bawełna (włókno)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%81" title="کپاہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کپاہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%87" title="پنبه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پنبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algod%C3%A3o" title="Algodão – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Algodão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utku" title="Utku – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Utku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumbac" title="Bumbac – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bumbac" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Хлопок – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хлопок" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Хлопок – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хлопок" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱠᱟᱥᱠᱚᱢ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱟᱥᱠᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuttuni" title="Cuttuni – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cuttuni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%BE%DA%BE" title="ڪپھ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪپھ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamuk" title="Pamuk – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pamuk" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cotton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavlna" title="Bavlna – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bavlna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomba%C5%BE" title="Bombaž – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bombaž" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donje" title="Donje – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Donje" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cudbi" title="Cudbi – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cudbi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pambuku" title="Pambuku – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pambuku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Памук – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Памук" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapas" title="Kapas – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kapas" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomull" title="Bomull – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bomull" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamba" title="Pamba – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pamba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kupa" title="kupa – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kupa" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="பருத்தி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பருத்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF" title="పత్తి – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పత్తి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Пахта – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пахта" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9D%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ผ้าฝ้าย – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผ้าฝ้าย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagta" title="Pagta – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Pagta" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamuk" title="Pamuk – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pamuk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D2%97%D0%B5-%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Киҗе-мамык – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Киҗе-мамык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%90%DB%8B%DB%95%D8%B2" title="كېۋەز – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كېۋەز" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Бавовна – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бавовна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کپاس – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کپاس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paxta" title="Paxta – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Paxta" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puvill" title="Puvill – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Puvill" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%A3i_b%C3%B4ng" title="Sợi bông – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sợi bông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gapas" title="Gapas – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gapas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABtt%C3%A9en" title="Wëttéen – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Wëttéen" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1" title="棉花 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="棉花" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%94" title="ბამბე – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბამბე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C" title="באוול – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באוול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faiq" title="Faiq – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Faiq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AE-hoe" title="Mî-hoe – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mî-hoe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1" title="棉花 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="棉花" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">棉花</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CottonPlant.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Balls of cotton ready for harvest"><img alt="Balls of cotton ready for harvest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/180px-CottonPlant.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/270px-CottonPlant.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/360px-CottonPlant.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="棉花的歷史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of cotton"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棉花的歷史（页面不存在）">棉花的歷史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cotton" class="extiw" title="en:History of cotton"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of cotton</span></a></span>）</span></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 專有名詞</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9" title="经济作物">经济作物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%94%A8%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="日用品">日用品</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="綿都" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cottonopolis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%BF%E9%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="綿都（页面不存在）">綿都</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonopolis" class="extiw" title="en:Cottonopolis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cottonopolis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%B8%B6" title="棉花帶">棉花帶</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="棉花外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cotton diplomacy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棉花外交（页面不存在）">棉花外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_diplomacy" class="extiw" title="en:Cotton diplomacy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cotton diplomacy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="棉花國王" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="King Cotton"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棉花國王（页面不存在）">棉花國王</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Cotton" class="extiw" title="en:King Cotton"><span lang="en" dir="auto">King Cotton</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#品种与产地">品種</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0%E6%A3%89" title="陆地棉">陆地棉</a>（<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%9B%E6%A3%89" title="海岛棉">海岛棉</a>（<i>Gossypium barbadense</i>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%91%E6%A3%89" title="树棉">树棉</a>（<i>Gossypium arboreum</i>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E6%A3%89" title="草棉">草棉</a>（<i>Gossypium herbaceum</i>）</li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 生產</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="紡紗機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cotton-spinning machinery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A1%E7%B4%97%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紡紗機（页面不存在）">紡紗機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton-spinning_machinery" class="extiw" title="en:Cotton-spinning machinery"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cotton-spinning machinery</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8B%E6%A3%89%E6%A9%9F" title="軋棉機">軋棉機</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="紗廠" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cotton mill"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%97%E5%BB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紗廠（页面不存在）">紗廠</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_mill" class="extiw" title="en:Cotton mill"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cotton mill</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E6%A3%89%E6%9C%BA" title="采棉机">采棉机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E5%85%89%E6%A3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="絲光棉">絲光棉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E5%A6%AE%E7%BA%BA%E7%BA%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="珍妮纺纱机">珍妮纺纱机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B0%E9%8C%A0%E7%B4%B0%E7%B4%97%E6%A9%9F" title="走錠細紗機">走錠細紗機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BA%E8%BD%A6" title="纺车">纺车</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E7%BA%BA%E7%BA%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="水力纺纱机">水力纺纱机</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> 紡織物</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麻紗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cambric"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%BB%E7%B4%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麻紗（页面不存在）">麻紗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambric" class="extiw" title="en:Cambric"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cambric</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="絲光絨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chino cloth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%B2%E5%85%89%E7%B5%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="絲光絨（页面不存在）">絲光絨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chino_cloth" class="extiw" title="en:Chino cloth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chino cloth</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AF%E8%8A%AF%E7%BB%92" title="灯芯绒">灯芯绒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E5%B8%83" title="牛仔布">牛仔布</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="泡泡紗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Seersucker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A1%E6%B3%A1%E7%B4%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泡泡紗（页面不存在）">泡泡紗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seersucker" class="extiw" title="en:Seersucker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Seersucker</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%9C%88%E7%BB%87%E7%89%A9" title="毛圈织物">毛圈织物</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cotton_sidebar" title="Template:Cotton sidebar"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Cotton_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Cotton sidebar（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Cotton_sidebar" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Cotton sidebar"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%BF" title="綿">綿</a></b>。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CottonYield.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CottonYield.png/300px-CottonYield.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CottonYield.png/450px-CottonYield.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CottonYield.png/600px-CottonYield.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">世界各地棉花平均產量（千克/<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%A1%B7" title="公顷">公顷</a>）</div></figcaption></figure> <p><b>棉花</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Cotton</span>）是<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A6%E8%91%B5%E7%A7%91" title="锦葵科">锦葵科</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%B1%AC" title="棉花屬">棉花属</a>植物的种子纤维，原产于亚热带，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="熱帶地區">热带地区</a>栽培可长到6米高，一般为1到2米。幹花朵乳白色，开花后不久转成深红色然后凋谢，留下绿色小型的蒴果，称为棉铃。棉铃内有棉籽，棉籽上的茸毛从棉籽表皮长出，塞满有棉铃内部。棉铃成熟时裂开，露出柔软的纤维。纤维白色至白中带黄，长约2–4厘米，含纤维素约87–90%。 </p><p>棉花的植株是<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E6%9C%A8" title="灌木">灌木</a>，是美洲、非洲及亞洲等地熱帶地區或亞熱帶地區的原生植物，在墨西哥有找到差異度最大的野生棉花，其次是澳洲及非洲<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在舊世界及新世界均已馴化棉花。棉花的英文來自阿拉伯文<i>（al）quṭn</i> قُطْن，約在西元十四世紀就開始使用<sup id="cite_ref-Metcalf_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metcalf-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>棉花的纖維最常紡織成<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B1%E7%BA%BF" title="纱线">纱线</a>，用來製作柔軟<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水蒸氣傳輸速率" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="breathable"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%82%B3%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%9F%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水蒸氣傳輸速率（页面不存在）">透氣</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/breathable" class="extiw" title="en:breathable"><span lang="en" dir="auto">breathable</span></a></span>）</span></span>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BA%E7%BB%87%E5%93%81" title="纺织品">纺织品</a>。在史前時代就已使用棉花的纖維。在墨西哥及印度河谷文明（現今的巴基斯坦及印度部份地區）已發現西元前五千年的棉花纖維。雖然很早就在栽培棉花，但一直到發明<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8B%E6%A3%89%E6%A9%9F" title="軋棉機">軋棉機</a>後，棉花纖維製作的成本降低，也開始廣為使用，棉花是現在衣物中最常使用的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="天然纖維">天然纖維</a>。 </p><p>当前世界棉花的產量每年約2,700萬噸，所需耕地約佔世界耕地总面积的2.5%。中国是世界上最大的棉花生產國，其产量占全球的24%；历史上美國多年以來都是最大的棉花出口國<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。美國棉花的單位為標準包（bales），約是體積0.48立方米（17立方英尺）及重量226.8公斤（500英磅）<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棉花种植最早出现在公元前5–4千年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="印度河流域文明">印度河流域文明</a>中，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%83%E5%85%83%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="公元元年">公元元年</a>之前，棉纺织品的使用传到了地中海地区。公元一世纪，阿拉伯商人将精美的细棉布带到了意大利和西班牙。大约9世纪的时候，摩尔人将棉花种植方法传到了西班牙。中世纪棉花是欧州北部重要的进口物资，那里人自古以来习惯从羊身上获取羊毛，所以当听说棉花是种植出来的，还以为棉花来自一种特别的羊，这种羊是从树上长出来的，所以德语里面的棉花一词直译是“树羊毛”。 </p><p>16世纪西班牙人进入墨西哥南部和尤卡坦半岛，发现当地植棉业已很发达，棉花品質更好，岛民将彩色棉纺成土布，做成当地人的服装。现在占世界棉花总产90％以上的棉种都原产于墨西哥的陆地棉。 </p><p>然而，百年以前棉纱仍然没有<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E6%AF%9B" title="羊毛">羊毛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%BA%BB" title="亚麻">亚麻</a>使用广泛。这是因为亚麻或羊毛纤维比棉纤维更长，更容易纺织成纱。此外，棉纤维要从种子中分离出来的，只能依靠人工，这个过程非常繁琐和费时。随着近代美国北卡罗莱纳州和弗吉尼亚州最先发明和使用了锯片式轧棉机，棉花短纤维的提取分离变得简易快速。生产效率的快速提高，以及美国南部人工成本低，使得棉纱在全球纺织市场的份额快速增加。机械化程度的不断提高，纤维和纱线的生产使棉花制品成为价格低廉的商品。棉花种植需要温暖的气候及灌溉大量水分。生长季节是从六到七个月。这一时期的种子发芽生长，大约需要100天，开白色花。当荚破裂，即可提取棉纤维。 <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>现在，棉花是当今世界上使用最广泛的纤维。它的流行源于它生产较容易及其在纺织产品领域的广泛适用性。棉纱价格强烈地依赖于劳动力成本，因此，在发达国家，由于劳动力昂贵，棉纱价格相对较高。 </p><p>自2019年<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>将每年的10月7日定为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界棉花日（页面不存在）">世界棉花日</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="棉花在中国"><span id=".E6.A3.89.E8.8A.B1.E5.9C.A8.E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD"></span>棉花在中国</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：棉花在中国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%A3%89%E4%B8%9A" title="中国棉业">中国棉业</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png/220px-1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png/330px-1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png/440px-1952-11_1952%E5%B9%B4%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%B8%B0%E6%94%B6.png 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">1952年<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="山西">山西</a>棉花丰收</div></figcaption></figure> <p>9世纪阿拉伯旅行家<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8E%B1%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="苏莱曼">苏莱曼</a>在其《苏莱曼游记》中记述，在中国看到棉花，在花园里被作为“花”来观赏的<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。《梁书·高昌传》记载：其地有“草，实如茧，茧中丝如细纩，名为白叠子。” </p><p>目前中原地区所见最早的棉纺织品遗物，是在一座<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a>古墓中发现的一条棉线毯。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="元代">元代</a>初年，朝廷把棉布作为夏税（布、绢、丝、棉）之首<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，设立木棉提举司，向人民征收棉布实物，据记载每年多达10万匹<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，可见棉布已成为主要的纺织衣料。明朝也力征收棉花棉布，出版植棉技术书籍，劝民植棉。从明代<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BA%94%E6%98%9F" title="宋应星">宋应星</a>的《天工开物》中所记载的“棉布寸土皆有”，“织机十室必有”，可知当时植棉和棉纺织已遍布全国。 </p><p>清末，中国又陆续从美国引进了陆地棉良种，替代了品質不好产量不高的非洲棉和亚洲棉。现在中国种植的全是各国陆地棉及其变种。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="品种与产地"><span id=".E5.93.81.E7.A7.8D.E4.B8.8E.E4.BA.A7.E5.9C.B0"></span>品种与产地</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：品种与产地"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棉花喜热、好光、耐旱、忌渍，适宜于在疏松深厚土壤中种植。棉花主要有如下几种： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%97%E7%BB%92%E6%A3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="粗绒棉">粗绒棉</a>：也叫亚洲棉，原产印度。由于产量低、纤维粗短，不适合机器纺织，目前已被淘汰。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E7%BB%92%E6%A3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="长绒棉">长绒棉</a>：也叫海岛棉，原产南美洲。纤维长、强度高是其特点，适合于纺高支纱。目前中國只有新疆生产。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E7%BB%92%E6%A3%89" class="mw-redirect" title="细绒棉">细绒棉</a>：也叫陆地棉，原产中美洲，所以又称美棉。适应性广、产量高、纤维较长、品质较好是其特点，可纺中支纱。中国的细绒棉占棉花产量的98%。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用途"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>用途</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：用途"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棉花主要作為編織品的材料，例如：棉衣、棉被、棉布、棉毛內衣、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E5%B8%83" title="牛仔布">牛仔布</a>等。而<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="毛巾布" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Terrycloth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%9B%E5%B7%BE%E5%B8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毛巾布（页面不存在）">毛巾布</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrycloth" class="extiw" title="en:Terrycloth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Terrycloth</span></a></span>）</span></span>可以作高吸水性的毛巾及浴袍，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="麻紗 (棉織品)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="cambric"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%BB%E7%B4%97_(%E6%A3%89%E7%B9%94%E5%93%81)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麻紗 (棉織品)（页面不存在）">麻紗 (棉織品)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cambric" class="extiw" title="en:cambric"><span lang="en" dir="auto">cambric</span></a></span>）</span></span>常用來做藍色的工人工作服（因此有<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E9%A0%98%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="藍領階級">藍領階級</a>一詞），像<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AF%E8%8A%AF%E7%BB%92" title="灯芯绒">燈芯絨</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="泡泡纱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="seersucker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A1%E6%B3%A1%E7%BA%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泡泡纱（页面不存在）">泡泡纱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/seersucker" class="extiw" title="en:seersucker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">seersucker</span></a></span>）</span></span>等也是棉織品。許多<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%AA%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="襪子">襪子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%A1%A3" title="内衣">内衣</a>及<a href="/wiki/T%E8%A3%87" class="mw-redirect" title="T裇">T裇</a>及床單都是棉質的。棉花可以製成<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A4%E9%87%9D%E7%B7%A8%E7%B9%94" title="鉤針編織">鉤針編織</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E7%B9%94" title="編織">編織</a>中用到的毛線。纖維也可能由一些紡絲、編織，或切割過程不要的棉花或是編織物合收而來。許多材料完全用棉製成，不過也有些材料會將棉和其他纖維（如<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%98%E7%B8%88" title="嫘縈">嫘縈</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E9%85%AF" title="聚酯">聚酯</a>）混紡。 </p><p>除了<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A1%E7%B9%94%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="紡織業">紡織業</a>外，棉花也用來製作<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%94%E7%BD%91" title="渔网">渔网</a>、咖啡滤纸、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B3%E7%AF%B7" title="帳篷">帳篷</a>、爆裂物（像<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E5%8C%96%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="硝化纤维">硝化纤维</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E7%B4%99" title="棉紙">棉紙</a>等。最早的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E9%98%B2%E6%B0%B4%E9%BE%99" title="消防水龙">消防水龙</a>也是用棉製的。 </p><p>棉籽可以提取油脂成<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E7%B1%BD%E6%B2%B9" title="棉籽油">棉籽油</a>，在精煉後，曾像<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E6%B2%B9" title="植物油">植物油</a>一樣的用在飲食中，但因其中含有的微量<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E9%85%9A" title="棉酚">棉酚</a>具生殖毒性<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，因此引起爭議。<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="棉籽餅粉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="cottonseed meal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E7%B1%BD%E9%A4%85%E7%B2%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棉籽餅粉（页面不存在）">棉籽餅粉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cottonseed_meal" class="extiw" title="en:cottonseed meal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">cottonseed meal</span></a></span>）</span></span>只能給<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E8%8A%BB" title="反芻">反芻</a>的動物食用，其中含有的棉酚對<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="單胃動物" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="monogastric"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E8%83%83%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單胃動物（页面不存在）">單胃動物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/monogastric" class="extiw" title="en:monogastric"><span lang="en" dir="auto">monogastric</span></a></span>）</span></span>是有毒的。棉籽殼可以加到乳牛的飼料中作為粗的乾飼料。在美國奴隸時期，棉花根皮是<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="傳統醫學">傳統醫學</a>中的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="墮胎藥" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="abortifacient"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E8%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墮胎藥（页面不存在）">墮胎藥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/abortifacient" class="extiw" title="en:abortifacient"><span lang="en" dir="auto">abortifacient</span></a></span>）</span></span>。棉酚是棉花植物中各部位都有的成份之一，被科學家稱為「毒染料」，會抑制<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%AD%90" title="精子">精子</a>的發展，甚至限制精子的活動力，對女性而言，也會限制釋放特定激素，影響月經週期<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>棉短絨（Cotton linter）是棉籽取棉花後，黏在棉籽上的絲狀細纖維，一般長度小於<span class="frac nowrap"><sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>8</sub></span>英寸（3.2毫米）。棉短絨一般用來造紙，也是製作<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="纖維素">纖維素</a>的原材料。在英國棉短絨會稱為原棉或藥棉（cotton wool），不過藥棉也可以指精製過的產品（美國稱為脫脂棉），可用來<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E8%97%A5" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="醫藥">醫藥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%A6%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="化妝">化妝</a>及其他用途。最早將藥棉用在醫療中的是英國<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="伯明罕">伯明罕</a>皇后醫院的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="桑普森·詹吉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sampson Gamgee"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%91%E6%99%AE%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E8%A9%B9%E5%90%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="桑普森·詹吉（页面不存在）">桑普森·詹吉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampson_Gamgee" class="extiw" title="en:Sampson Gamgee"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sampson Gamgee</span></a></span>）</span></span>。 </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E6%A3%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃及棉（页面不存在）">埃及棉</a>一般會指高品質的棉，不過埃及出產的棉只有少部份是高品質的，而大多數寫「埃及棉」的製品多半也不是用埃及最好的棉製成<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="國際貿易"><span id=".E5.9C.8B.E9.9A.9B.E8.B2.BF.E6.98.93"></span>國際貿易</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：國際貿易"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#ccc;" colspan="5">世界前十大棉花生產國（产量以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%99%B8" title="公噸">公噸</a>計算） </th></tr> <tr> <th>排名 </th> <th>年份 </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a></td> <td>5,970,000</td> <td>6,588,950</td> <td>6,840,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></td> <td>5,683,000</td> <td>5,984,000</td> <td>5,321,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></td> <td>3,941,700</td> <td>3,412,550</td> <td>3,598,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a></td> <td>1,869,000</td> <td>2,312,000</td> <td>2,215,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></td> <td>973,449</td> <td>1,673,337</td> <td>1,638,103 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="乌兹别克斯坦">乌兹别克斯坦</a></td> <td>1,136,120</td> <td>983,400</td> <td>1,052,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a></td> <td>816,705</td> <td>954,600</td> <td>851,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a></td> <td>386,800</td> <td>843,572</td> <td>973,497 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a></td> <td>230,000</td> <td>295,000</td> <td>210,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%93%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="土库曼斯坦">土库曼斯坦</a></td> <td>225,000</td> <td>195,000</td> <td>198,000 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ccc;"> <td>–</td> <td>全世界</td> <td>22,714,154</td> <td>24,941,738</td> <td>25,955,096 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5">来源：<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="联合国粮食及农业组织">联合国粮食及农业组织</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>2009年最大的棉花生產國是中國及印度，年生產量分別是3400萬及2700萬標準包（bales），但其中大部份供應其本國的紡織業。最大的棉花出口國是美國，銷售額49億美元，而非洲共計的銷售額也有21億美元。自1980年起，非洲的棉花銷售額成長了一倍，非洲各國沒有大型的紡織產業，紡織業已移到像中國或是印度等亞洲國家。非洲有許多小的棉花來源，以美國<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E8%8F%B2%E6%96%AF_(%E7%94%B0%E7%B4%8D%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%9E)" title="孟菲斯 (田納西州)">孟菲斯</a>為基地的Dunavant公司是非洲主要的棉花經紀商，有上百個採購代理人，他們在辛巴威借給農民棉花的種子，讓十八萬的小農民可以種植棉花，也提供種植方式的建議。<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%90%89%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="嘉吉公司">嘉吉公司</a>也在非洲採購棉花出口。 </p><p>美國的兩萬五千名棉花種植者有高額的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9C%E8%B2%BC" title="補貼">補貼</a>，每年共計二十億美元。<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>這些補貼的未來政策尚不明確，因此造成棉花經紀商在非洲業務的預期擴張。Dunavant利用購併非洲本土公司的方式進行擴張，不過這只可能出現在前英國殖民地及莫三比克，前法國殖民地仍維持壟斷關係，用很低的固定價格購買棉花<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="纤维形态"><span id=".E7.BA.A4.E7.BB.B4.E5.BD.A2.E6.80.81"></span>纤维形态</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：纤维形态"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一根棉纤维大约0.3–5.5厘米长。棉纤维呈细长的扁平带状，正常成熟干燥后瘪缩成空心带状，在显微镜下，纵向有螺旋状的转曲，方向随机分布，未成熟纤维卷曲较少，棉纤维的横截面呈扁圆或腰圆形，中间有空腔，空腔是提供养分的通道。成熟纤维空腔较小，未成熟纤维中腔较大，品质较差。棉纤维的颜色从黄色到纯白色，有一定光泽。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C21a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/C21a.jpg/220px-C21a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/C21a.jpg/330px-C21a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/C21a.jpg/440px-C21a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">棉纤维纵向形态</div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性能"><span id=".E6.80.A7.E8.83.BD"></span>性能</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：性能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="外观性能"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E8.A7.82.E6.80.A7.E8.83.BD"></span>外观性能</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：外观性能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>棉的光泽较暗淡，风格自然朴实，故多用于日常的休闲装。</li> <li>棉纤维的染色性好，色谱齐全，但色牢度不够好。</li> <li>棉纤维的缺点是弹性差，不挺括，易起皱且不易恢复，为改善这一性能，常对棉进行免熨整理或树脂整理，如市场上出现的免熨衬衫、免熨休闲裤等棉制品。市场上常见的有DP（double press）或PP（permanent press）标记的衬衫表示具有“耐用熨烫”或“永久熨烫”性能。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="舒适性能"><span id=".E8.88.92.E9.80.82.E6.80.A7.E8.83.BD"></span>舒适性能</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：舒适性能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>棉纤维舒适柔软，手感温暖，吸湿性好（棉纤维为多孔性物质，纤维大分子上存在亲水基因），穿作舒适，不刺激皮肤，且不易产生静电。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="耐用性与加工保养性能"><span id=".E8.80.90.E7.94.A8.E6.80.A7.E4.B8.8E.E5.8A.A0.E5.B7.A5.E4.BF.9D.E5.85.BB.E6.80.A7.E8.83.BD"></span>耐用性与加工保养性能</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：耐用性与加工保养性能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>具有良好的吸湿性，公定回潮率8.5%；但缩水率较大，约为4%–10%。相对较好的吸湿性和良好的芯吸性使棉纤维成为最舒适的纤维之一。因为纤维素的羟基基团，使得棉花对水有很强的吸引力。当水进入纤维棉，棉开始膨胀，其截面变得更圆。这种高度的亲水性和潮湿时溶胀的性能使棉花可吸水达到其重量的1/4左右。这意味着，在炎热的天气里，身体的汗液会被棉织物吸收，沿着纱线输送到衣物外表面并蒸发到空气中。因此，这对维持体温有帮助。</li> <li>耐热性和耐光性好，熨烫温度可达190℃，若垫乾布可提高20–30℃，垫湿布可提高40–60℃，棉织品最好湿烫，易于熨平。但长时间暴晒会引起褪色和强度下降。但是直接暴晒在持续的强光下会引起发黄，并最终引起纤维的降解。变黄也可能出现在棉产品被气体干燥剂干燥时。颜色的变化是纤维素和氧或二氧化氮在热空气中干燥的化学反应的结果。棉花自然挂干或烘干机烘干会长时间保持其白度。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>值得关注的是，棉纱线在潮湿环境下比在干燥环境下强度更大。这种性质是棉纤维宏观和微观结构特征的结果。当水被吸收，纤维膨胀，其截面变得更圆。通常这种大量的外来物质的吸收会导致内部应力较高，导致纤维弱化。然而，棉纤维吸水导致内部应力减少。因此，减少克服内部应力，肿胀的纤维变得强度更大。同时，纱线中的溶胀纤维之间的互相挤压更强烈，内部的摩擦力增强了纱线强度。此外，所吸收的水作为一种内部润滑剂，赋予纤维较高水平的灵活性。这解释了棉衣物潮湿时更容易熨烫，棉织物洗水时易收缩。</li> <li>耐碱不耐酸，在张力和碱液的作用下产生丝光效应，使强度增大获得耐久的光泽。不加张力任其收缩，叫缩碱。</li> <li>回弹性较差，但為改善這個缺點會織造時加入橡筋增加彈力使穿著更舒適。耐磨性不够好，但亦因此製品能夠容易做出殘舊效果。</li> <li>棉纤维是天然物质，易受霉菌等微生物的侵害，引起纤维素大分子水解、发霉产生黑斑引起色变，尤其是高品质的棉制品色泽变化更为突出，保养时应该注意。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="品质分级"><span id=".E5.93.81.E8.B4.A8.E5.88.86.E7.BA.A7"></span>品质分级</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：品质分级"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>依照等級、纖維長度及成熟度來判別 </p> <ul><li>纖維長度：短纖、中長纖、長纖、超長纖</li></ul> <p>美国棉花纤维分级（<b>白棉</b>）<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>色泽品级 </th> <th>符号 </th> <th>色泽品级代码  </th> <th>叶屑分级代码 </th></tr> <tr> <td>上级 </td> <td>GM </td> <td>11 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>次上级 </td> <td>SM </td> <td>21 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>中级 </td> <td>Mid </td> <td>31 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>次中级 </td> <td>SLM </td> <td>41 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>下级 </td> <td>LM </td> <td>51 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>次下级 </td> <td>SGO </td> <td>61 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>平级 </td> <td>GO </td> <td>71 </td> <td>7 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080625045134/http://www.ogtr.gov.au/pdf/ir/biologycotton08.pdf">The Biology of <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L. and <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> L. 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Production - Cotton. United States Department of Agriculture. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240804023940/https://fas.usda.gov/data/production/commodity/2631000">存档</a>于2024-08-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.atitle=Production+-+Cotton%EF%BC%88%E5%90%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E4%BA%A7%E9%87%8F%EF%BC%89&rft.au=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E9%83%A8&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Production+-+Cotton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.usda.gov%2Fdata%2Fproduction%2Fcommodity%2F2631000&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pandasilk.com/the-story-of-cotton-how-cotton-is-grown/">The Story of Cotton: How Cotton is Grown</a>. pandasilk.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-03-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171026110211/https://www.pandasilk.com/the-story-of-cotton-how-cotton-is-grown/">存档</a>于2017-10-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.atitle=The+Story+of+Cotton%3A+How+Cotton+is+Grown&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pandasilk.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pandasilk.com%2Fthe-story-of-cotton-how-cotton-is-grown%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trade.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeID=4753&pid=767614&dl_DateRange=all&txt_SD=&txt_ED=&txt_Keyword=&pageindex=1&history=">世界棉花日(World Cotton Day)簡介</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240911144240/https://www.trade.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeID=4753&pid=767614&dl_DateRange=all&txt_SD=&txt_ED=&txt_Keyword=&pageindex=1&history=">存档</a>于2024-09-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%A5%28World+Cotton+Day%29%E7%B0%A1%E4%BB%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trade.gov.tw%2FPages%2FDetail.aspx%3FnodeID%3D4753%26pid%3D767614%26dl_DateRange%3Dall%26txt_SD%3D%26txt_ED%3D%26txt_Keyword%3D%26pageindex%3D1%26history%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">联合国. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/cotton-day">世界棉花日 10月7日</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230927031146/https://www.un.org/zh/observances/cotton-day">存档</a>于2023-09-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%A5+10%E6%9C%887%E6%97%A5&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fzh%2Fobservances%2Fcotton-day&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">联合国粮农组织. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fao.org/world-cotton-day/zh">世界棉花日</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240911020710/https://www.fao.org/world-cotton-day/zh">存档</a>于2024-09-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%B2%AE%E5%86%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%A5&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fworld-cotton-day%2Fzh&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hnmks.com/jws/jwcy/6590616668577535085">棉花的傳播</a>. 湖南省棉花科學研究所. 2012-03-22 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513144630/http://www.hnmks.com/jws/jwcy/6590616668577535085">存档</a>于2020-05-13） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.btitle=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD&rft.date=2012-03-22&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hnmks.com%2Fjws%2Fjwcy%2F6590616668577535085&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">唐文基. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WPwmkWZObEUC&pg=PA253">福建古代经济史</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福建教育出版社（页面不存在）">福建教育出版社</a>. 1995: 253. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7533417003" title="Special:网络书源/7533417003"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 7533417003</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E5%94%90%E6%96%87%E5%9F%BA&rft.btitle=%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8F%B2&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=7533417003&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWPwmkWZObEUC%26pg%3DPA253&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">郭成康. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=YXR8oHuHgZsC&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q&f=false">元明清史</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="五南圖書">五南圖書</a>. 2002: 68 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-06-14</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9571128694" title="Special:网络书源/9571128694"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9571128694</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141001023236/http://books.google.com/books?id=YXR8oHuHgZsC&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q&f=false">存档</a>于2014-10-01） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（臺灣）网页">（中文（臺灣））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E9%83%AD%E6%88%90%E5%BA%B7&rft.btitle=%E5%85%83%E6%98%8E%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9571128694&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYXR8oHuHgZsC%26pg%3DPA68%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/plantox/detail.cfm?id=22941">The effect of cottonseed oil on the hatchability of eggs.</a>. FDA Poisonous Plant Database. FDA. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-05-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194759/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/plantox/detail.cfm?id=22941">存档</a>于2013-10-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+cottonseed+oil+on+the+hatchability+of+eggs.&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FDA+Poisonous+Plant+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.accessdata.fda.gov%2Fscripts%2Fplantox%2Fdetail.cfm%3Fid%3D22941&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Perrin, Liese M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-american-studies_2001-08_35_2/page/255">Resisting Reproduction: Reconsidering Slave Contraception in the Old South</a>. Journal of American Studies. 2001, <b>35</b> (2): 255–274. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/27556967"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 27556967</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0021875801006612"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1017/S0021875801006612</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.atitle=Resisting+Reproduction%3A+Reconsidering+Slave+Contraception+in+the+Old+South&rft.au=Perrin%2C+Liese+M.&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+Studies&rft.pages=255-274&rft.volume=35&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27556967&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-american-studies_2001-08_35_2%2Fpage%2F255&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0021875801006612&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100503015520/http://www.cottonguide.org/chapter-5/extra-long-staple-cotton">Chapter 5. Extra long staple cotton</a>. cottonguide.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx">Production of Cotton by countries</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="联合国粮食及农业组织">联合国粮食及农业组织</a>. 2011 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-08-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713020710/http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx">存档</a>于2011-07-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.btitle=Production+of+Cotton+by+countries&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat.fao.org%2Fsite%2F339%2Fdefault.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Cotton/Executive-Brief-Update-2013-Cotton-sector">"Executive Brief Update 2013: Cotton sector"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180816211829/http://agritrade.cta.int/Agriculture/Commodities/Cotton/Executive-Brief-Update-2013-Cotton-sector">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i>cta.int</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zachary, G. Pascal (2007-01-14) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/14/business/yourmoney/14duna.html?n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FOrganizations%2FW%2FWorld%20Trade%20Organization%20&_r=0">"Out of Africa: Cotton and Cash"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210703120406/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/14/business/yourmoney/14duna.html?n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FOrganizations%2FW%2FWorld%20Trade%20Organization%20&_r=0">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pandasilk.com/cotton-properties-and-uses/">Cotton Properties and Uses</a>. pandasilk.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-03-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171029050757/https://www.pandasilk.com/cotton-properties-and-uses/">存档</a>于2017-10-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.atitle=Cotton+Properties+and+Uses&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pandasilk.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pandasilk.com%2Fcotton-properties-and-uses%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">美国棉花公司. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170112104900/http://www.cottoninc.com/fiber/quality/Classification-Of-Cotton/Classing-booklet.pdf">美国棉花分级手册</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. cottoninc.com. 2013 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-03-01</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cottoninc.com/fiber/quality/Classification-Of-Cotton/Classing-booklet.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2017-01-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.btitle=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=cottoninc.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cottoninc.com%2Ffiber%2Fquality%2FClassification-Of-Cotton%2FClassing-booklet.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">周璐英; 王越平. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://book.douban.com/subject/6730894/">现代服装材料学</a> 第二版. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BA%BA%E7%BB%87%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="中国纺织出版社">中国纺织出版社</a>. 2011-05: 018 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-10-16</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787506472005" title="Special:网络书源/9787506472005"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9787506472005</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140116204557/http://book.douban.com/subject/6730894/">存档</a>于2014-01-16） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E7%92%90%E8%8B%B1%3B+%E7%8E%8B%E8%B6%8A%E5%B9%B3&rft.btitle=%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%9C%8D%E8%A3%85%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%AD%A6&rft.date=2011-05&rft.edition=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%89%88&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787506472005&rft.pages=018&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BA%BA%E7%BB%87%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbook.douban.com%2Fsubject%2F6730894%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg/32px-Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg/48px-Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg/64px-Rose_Amber_Flush_20070601.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" 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class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090503091523/http://www.cottonusa.co.uk/cotton-facts/cotton-history.php">COTTON HISTORY</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cncotton.com/mhxx/sjmy/mg/200307/t20030722_90651.html">美国棉花生产概况</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140707003548/http://www.cncotton.com/mhxx/sjmy/mg/200307/t20030722_90651.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070224115159/http://www.cottonsjourney.com/Storyofcotton/page2.asp">棉花的故事</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090504220753/http://jjyx.ctei.gov.cn/jjyx-yxsy/80349.htm">在印度棉花比金钱好用</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cotton" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cotton"><span style="font-weight:bold;">棉花</span></a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%96%E7%B7%A0%E6%A3%89%E8%8A%B1%E6%94%99%E6%B0%B4%E6%94%99%E9%9B%9C%E6%9A%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B" class="extiw" title="s:取締棉花攙水攙雜暫行條例">取締棉花攙水攙雜暫行條例</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%A2%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="棉被">棉被</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%89%E8%A1%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棉衣（页面不存在）">棉衣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%B2%9D" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="吉貝">吉貝</a>：其種子也被棉毛包被，不過不適合紡織，常用作填充料。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%A3%89" title="木棉">木棉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E6%AF%9B" title="羊毛">羊毛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="棉球">棉球</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=棉花&oldid=84235837">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=棉花&oldid=84235837</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%A3%89%E5%B1%AC" title="Category:棉屬">棉屬</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%B4%A1%E7%B9%94%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Category:紡織材料">紡織材料</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2024%E5%B9%B49%E6%9C%88%E5%BE%85%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2024年9月待更新条目">自2024年9月待更新条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有英語的條目">含有英語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D%E9%A1%B9" title="Category:维基共享资源分类链接使用了维基数据上的匹配项">维基共享资源分类链接使用了维基数据上的匹配项</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年9月16日 (星期一) 16:19。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 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