JAMA Health Forum – Health Policy, Health Care Reform, Health Affairs

<!DOCTYPE html> <html id="doc" lang="en" class="page-journal"> <head id="Head1">  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <script> var SCM = SCM || {}; if (SCM.AMA && SCM.AMA.DataLayerAsync) { SCM.AMA.DataLayerAsync.push("arrSisAffinity", "", "array"); SCM.AMA.DataLayerAsync.push("SubStatus", "no", "string"); } var googletag = window.googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; if (typeof Storage !== "undefined") { var targetingParamStr = localStorage.getItem("bcDFPTargetingParams"); if (targetingParamStr) { var targetingParameters = JSON.parse(targetingParamStr); // set page-level targeting parameters jQuery.each(targetingParameters, function (index, param) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { window.googletag.pubads().setTargeting(param.key, param.value); }); }); } } if (!googletag.pubads) { (function () { var gads = document.createElement('script'); var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js'; gads.setAttribute("async", ""); gads.setAttribute("defer", ""); var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); var App = App || {}; App.Ads = App.Ads || {}; App.Ads.adPath = App.Ads.adPath || '/6479/' + 'ama.jamahealthforum'; App.Ads.Mappings = App.Ads.Mappings || {}; App.Ads.slots = App.Ads.slots || []; App.Ads.fromGoogle = !('yes' === 'yes'); App.isCollection = App.isCollection || !!document.getElementsByClassName('pg_collection').length; googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads() .setTargeting('environment', ['newjama']) .setTargeting('site', ['ama.jamahealthforum']) .setTargeting('sect', ['home']) .setTargeting('sub', ['no']) .setTargeting('device', ['Mozilla%2F4.0%20%28compatible%3B%20MSIE%207.0%3B%20Windows%20NT%206.0%3B%20SLCC1%3B%20.NET%20CLR%202.0.50727%3B%20.NET%20CLR%203.0.04506%3B%20.NET%20CLR%203.5.21022%3B%20.NET%20CLR%201.0.3705%3B%20.NET%20CLR%201.1.4322%29']) .setTargeting('usaphys', ['no']) .setTargeting('memberstat', ['no']) .setTargeting('pracset', ['']) .setTargeting('specialty', ['other']) .setTargeting('occupation', ['']) .setTargeting('useraffinity', ['']) .setTargeting('direct', ['yes']) .setTargeting('bot', ['']) .setTargeting('datacenter', ['no']) .setTargeting('selfMPA', ['']) .setTargeting('selfSpecialty', ['']); if (App.isCollection) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('collection', ['']); } var testParam = getQueryVariable('test'); if (testParam) { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('test', [testParam]); } function getQueryVariable(variable) { var query = window.location.search.substring(1); var vars = query.split('&'); for (var i = 0; i < vars.length; i++) { var pair = vars[i].split('='); if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == variable) { return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]); } } } googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.enableServices(); }); } </script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /><link rel="shortcut icon" href="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/favicons/jama-health-forum/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/favicons/jama-health-forum/favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/favicons/jama-health-forum/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app.min.css?v=638677764476993385"> <meta property="og:title" content="JAMA Health Forum – Health Policy, Health Care Reform, Health Affairs" /> <meta property="og:type" content="Journal" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/images/logos/JAMA Health Forum.png" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Explore the latest in national and global health policy, including health care pricing, delivery, access, quality, safety, equity, and reform." /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="87087958340" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="122228711814384" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1648414928738217" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="117506346528" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="97538728726" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="114116793520" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="100679858757" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="759822190741773" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="100265333750" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="234770525256" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="98784919862" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="120829458202" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="124842870398" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="110245330325636" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@JAMAHealthForum" /> <title>JAMA Health Forum – Health Policy, Health Care Reform, Health Affairs</title> <meta name="description" content="Explore the latest in national and global health policy, including health care pricing, delivery, access, quality, safety, equity, and reform."> <link rel="canonical" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum" /> <script src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/head.min.js?v=638677764511843155"></script> <script src="https://r451.jamanetwork.com/script.js" defer></script> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_HeaderScript"> <meta class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncHeaderAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_HeaderScript" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":0,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"> </div> </head> <body data-sitename="jamahealthforum" class="pg_journal " data-thm="jama-"> <script> var App = App || {}; App.suppressAds = App.suppressAds || !!document.getElementsByClassName('suppress-ads').length; App.suppressGtm = App.suppressGtm || !!document.getElementsByClassName('suppress-gtm').length; </script> <div id="ad-interstitial" class="ad-interstitial"> <script defer> googletag.cmd.push(function() { if (App.suppressAds) { return; } // Define a web interstitial ad slot. let interstitialSlot = googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot( App.Ads.adPath + '/home', googletag.enums.OutOfPageFormat.INTERSTITIAL, ); if (interstitialSlot) { App.Ads.slots[13] = interstitialSlot; // Enable optional interstitial triggers and register the slot. interstitialSlot .setTargeting('pos', ['interstitial']) .addService(googletag.pubads()) .setConfig({ interstitial: { triggers: { navBar: true, unhideWindow: true, }, }, }); googletag.display(interstitialSlot); googletag.pubads().refresh([interstitialSlot], { changeCorrelator: false }); googletag.enableServices(); } }); </script> </div> <a class="accessible js-skip-to-navigation" href="#skip-to-navigation">[Skip to Navigation]</a> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WNKSNP" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WNKSNP');</script> <span class="hide tagmanagervalue" data-attribute="productName" data-value="JAMA Health Forum" data-type="string"></span> <form method="post" action="./jama-health-forum" id="webform" class="m0"> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="+Gs415Hud4EIBUgcHW4vD/ErC+bHZW4rMpaYsQ2Mr2G8v9wWvLzIozmXJ7r5VhdX8YQq25YOFZGZ5i9MommSsGA92Aw=" /> </div> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="4A21451A" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="NmFxNMQIjSy1Ae7bP5CcrKOq+H1PUPSmXZmt4yfoFop1ICflB9eSl5YEYi5ahHsMaESqm9uy832Bdd0sC5GGvYlWqLhXpaI4HBQyEUqW7ZUF+apmNCf36k1414mwn8c6QBedVwuPMi8hq26vh/FIUQY4kEH9YRGaMjJU6n9RWiapt6jXRmI8nUGoxMb6YDt6LPPjQB/sRcUx4XXslw5J6Zt3oAnAXAPeM7ZIRawlB1xzgDtKPoYFM/ccnOXqdy1OgT93QEDNVVRFLpeeQntk62fyTW3dJWtrDh2aSOET51mripeCkcnpl2VtLyhKlnlPHiFxzZU2rgeuW0y2dHjXOl+hIgltGtbWAtMsWAZzFal+mhtVeGPd4NlmkAJVcg6HhPS0vbE2pISam3SAJ6Iie9sJM53SBI/39+2OBuu2l9geQl/58G0Vtedmrbi8EogcaW14ZneC7LRAhlmVFtM1B1OZMGXM/6dnF2lfiYaVJDAWMBka5TEKPvMzZmUieb/qaoCVG7cdWJLUTTYnP66dwp05mw/S7l02cff0EOM8x1Kh+/zMMXvzM4RX2T6j9isbDMbFzgASUha7+9b4K1DzJUzOLY3ZpQ+sUynVyWOv6EhijVEqT+jKm4W1dCvQmI2O3X5Iq3uOSf74UMiOK6IxY5Hg0Jg=" /> </div> <input id="hdnSiteID" type="hidden" value="193" /> <input id="hdnDomain" type="hidden" value=".jamanetwork.com" /> <section class="master-header"> <script type='text/javascript'> var App = App || {}; App.LoginUserInfo = { isInstLoggedIn: [0], currentSessionId: '5dcza1svk2zjfxigikdk2j3d' }; </script> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfGlobalSearchSiteURL" type="hidden" id="hfGlobalSearchSiteURL" value="https://jamanetwork.com/" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppIsPaidUser" type="hidden" id="hfAppIsPaidUser" value="false" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppIsMember" type="hidden" id="hfAppIsMember" value="false" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppSubscribedTo" type="hidden" id="hfAppSubscribedTo" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppIsIndividual" type="hidden" id="hfAppIsIndividual" value="false" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppHasAccess" type="hidden" id="hfAppHasAccess" value="false" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppIsReferredFromGoogle" type="hidden" id="hfAppIsReferredFromGoogle" value="False" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfSolrAutoSuggestMinimumCharactersLength" type="hidden" id="hfSolrAutoSuggestMinimumCharactersLength" value="2" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfSolrJournalName" type="hidden" id="hfSolrJournalName" value="JAMA Health Forum" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfSolrJournalID" type="hidden" id="hfSolrJournalID" value="J185" /> <input name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$hfAppIsLucy" type="hidden" id="hfAppIsLucy" value="false" /> <div class="header-wrap"> <header class="header"> <div class="widget-GdprCookieBanner widget-instance-GdprCookieBanner"> <div class="gdpr-cookie-wrapper js-gdpr-banner"> <div class="gdpr-cookie-body"> Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/pages/privacy-policy#cookies">Cookie Policy</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="javascript:;" class="js-gdpr-cookie-acceptLink at-acceptgdpr">Continue</a> </div> <input id="hdnDomain" type="hidden" value=".jamanetwork.com" /> <input id="hdnDomainGdpr" type="hidden" value=".jamanetwork.com" /> <input id="hdnClientIdGdpr" type="hidden" value="3" /> </div> </div> <div class="network-bar"> <a class="jama-network" href="/" title="JAMA Network Home"> <img alt="JAMA Network Home" class="title-image" width="443" height="52" src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/Jama_Network_Logo.svg"> </a> </div> <a class="nav-toggler" href="#nav"> <div class="nav-toggler-indicator"> <span class="indicator-stroke"></span> <span class="indicator-stroke"></span> <span class="indicator-stroke"></span> <span class="indicator-stroke"></span> </div> <div class="nav-toggler-site"> <span id="BodyContent_Header_siteFullNamenav" class="nav-toggler-microsite"><span class='network'>JAMA</span> Health Forum</span> </div> </a> <nav id="nav" class="nav hide" > <div class="nav-journal-level sb-nav-journal-level"> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum" id="BodyContent_Header_rptMicrositeHeaders_aItemResourceList_0" class="home">Home</a><a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/currentissue" id="BodyContent_Header_rptMicrositeHeaders_aItemResourceList_1" class="new-online">New Online</a><a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/issue" id="BodyContent_Header_rptMicrositeHeaders_aItemResourceList_2" class="issues">Issues</a><a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/for-authors" id="BodyContent_Header_rptMicrositeHeaders_aItemResourceList_3" class="for-authors">For Authors</a> </div> <div class="nav-journals"> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-HamburgerPublicationMenu"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="HamburgerPublicationMenu" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .nav-journals {margin-bottom: 1em;} .nav-heading {color: #B9B9B9;border-bottom: 0;border-top: 1px solid #242424;font-size: 1.15em;font-weight: 400;margin: 0;padding: .7em .75em .25em;text-transform: uppercase;} a.no-bullet:before {content:none !important;} .nav-heading {font-size: 1.15em;margin-bottom:0;padding-left: 38px;} /* .nav-journals a.theme-jama {background-color: #242424;border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;border-top: 1px solid #fff;color: #fff;font-size: 1.15em;margin-bottom: 8px;padding: 11px 0 9px 37px;} .nav-journals a.theme-jama::before {background: unset;content: "\e91b";display: none;font-family: ama_icons !important;font-size: 1.25em;line-height: 1;} .nav-journals a.theme-jama-network-open {border-bottom:0;} */ .nav .widget-instance-HamburgerPublicationMenu a {padding-left: 36px;} .fake-ribbon {border-left: 8px solid #133763;} .fake-ribbon a:before {content:none;} .nav .widget-instance-HamburgerPublicationMenu .fake-ribbon a {padding-left:30px;} .nav-journals a.theme-plus:before {background:#d71635;} .nav-journals a.theme-jama-network-open {border-bottom:0;} </style> <div class="fake-ribbon"><a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/editors-summary-podcast">Podcast</a></div> <h2 class="nav-heading">JAMA+</h2> <a href="/channels/ai" class="theme-plus">AI</a> <h2 class="nav-heading">Journals</h2> <a href="/journals/jama" class="theme-jama">JAMA</a> <a href="/journals/jamanetworkopen" class="theme-jama-network-open">JAMA Network Open</a> <a href="/journals/jamacardiology" class="theme-jama-cardiology">JAMA Cardiology</a> <a href="/journals/jamadermatology" class="theme-jama-dermatology">JAMA Dermatology</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum" class="theme-jama-health-forum">JAMA Health Forum</a> <a href="/journals/jamainternalmedicine" class="theme-jama-internal-medicine">JAMA Internal Medicine</a> <a href="/journals/jamaneurology" class="theme-jama-neurology">JAMA Neurology</a> <a href="/journals/jamaoncology" class="theme-jama-oncology">JAMA Oncology</a> <a href="/journals/jamaophthalmology" class="theme-jama-ophthalmology">JAMA Ophthalmology </a> <a href="/journals/jamaotolaryngology" class="theme-jama-otolaryngology-head-neck-surgery">JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery</a> <a href="/journals/jamapediatrics" class="theme-jama-pediatrics">JAMA Pediatrics</a> <a href="/journals/jamapsychiatry" class="theme-jama-psychiatry">JAMA Psychiatry</a> <a href="/journals/jamasurgery" class="theme-jama-surgery">JAMA Surgery</a> <a href="/journals/archneurpsyc" class="theme-archives-of-neurology-psychiatry-1919-1959-">Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959)</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nav-network-other"> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning" id="BodyContent_Header_rptOtherResources_aItemResourceList_0" class="is-b link-jn-learning-cme" target="_blank">JN Learning / CME</a><a href="https://store.jamanetwork.com" id="BodyContent_Header_rptOtherResources_aItemResourceList_1" class="is-b link-subscribe" target="_blank">Subscribe</a><a href="https://careers.jamanetwork.com/" id="BodyContent_Header_rptOtherResources_aItemResourceList_2" class="is-b link-jobs" target="_blank">Jobs</a><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/pages/resources-for-librarians" id="BodyContent_Header_rptOtherResources_aItemResourceList_3" class="is-b link-institutions-librarians">Institutions / Librarians</a><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/pages/reprints-and-permissions" id="BodyContent_Header_rptOtherResources_aItemResourceList_4" class="is-b link-reprints-permissions" rel="nofollow">Reprints & Permissions</a> </div> <div class="white text-xxs"> <div class="p05 ml4 mr3 mb1 mt10 flex hamburger-menu-legal"> <a href="/pages/conditions-of-use" class="p0" rel="nofollow">Terms of Use</a> <span class="pl1 pr1">| </span> <a href="/pages/privacy-policy" class="p0" rel="nofollow">Privacy Policy</a> <span class="pl1 pr1">| </span> <a href="/pages/accessibility-statement" class="p0" rel="nofollow">Accessibility Statement</a> </div> <div class="ta-c"> <span class="pb1">2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved</span> </div> </div> </nav> <a class="toolbar-search-trigger is-b" data-mobile-tog-target=".site-search"></a> <div id="site-search" role="search" class="site-search"> <div class="site-search-bar"> <div role="search"> <select name="ctl00$ctl00$BodyContent$Header$ddlForSearch" id="BodyContent_Header_ddlForSearch" Name="dropDownList" class="cs-select cs-skin-border" title="Search Site Selector" role="options" aria-labelledby="searchLabel"> <option value="J*">Search All</option> <option value="3">JAMA</option> <option value="214">JAMA Network Open</option> <option value="192">JAMA Cardiology</option> <option value="12">JAMA Dermatology</option> <option value="261">JAMA Forum Archive</option> <option value="193">JAMA Health Forum</option> <option value="15">JAMA Internal Medicine</option> <option value="16">JAMA Neurology</option> <option value="159">JAMA Oncology</option> <option value="17">JAMA Ophthalmology</option> <option value="18">JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery</option> <option value="19">JAMA Pediatrics</option> <option value="14">JAMA Psychiatry</option> <option value="20">JAMA Surgery</option> <option value="23">Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry</option> </select> </div> <div class="search-input-container"> <input type="search" name="textbox" autocomplete="off" role="textbox" id="search-term" aria-labelledby="searchLabel" class="search-term at-microsite-search-term" placeholder="Enter Search Term" maxlength="255" title="Enter Search Term"> <ul id="umbrellaSiteAutoCompleteResults" class="term-list hidden"></ul> <label style="display:none" for="umbrellaSiteSearchInputHint" id="searchLabel">Input Search Term</label> <input class="searchTerm search-input" name="textbox" role="textbox" type="text" id="umbrellaSiteSearchInputHint" aria-labelledby="searchLabel" title="Input Search Term" autocomplete="off"> </div>  <a name="button" role="button" class="search-button is-b js-search-button" alt="search button" href="/searchresults"></a> </div> </div> <div id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_auth" class="auth"> <a class="auth--trigger is-b is-a" href="javascript:;"> <span id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_spnUserFullName" class="user-full-name">Sign In</span> </a> <div class="auth--dropdown js-signIn-dropdown"> <div class="auth--option auth--ind"> <div id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_divUserFullName" class="auth--ind-user"></div> <div id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_divIndSignIn" class="auth--ind-auth"> <div class="auth--title">Individual Sign In</div> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum" id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_oauthSignInLink" rel="nofollow" class="auth--ind-sign-in">Sign in</a><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum" id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_oauthSignUpLink" rel="nofollow" class="auth--ind-create">Create an Account</a> </div> </div> <div id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_divInstSignIn" class="auth--option auth--inst"> <div class="auth--inst-auth"> <div class="auth--title">Access through your institution</div> <a href="/signinshibboleth?returnUrl=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum" id="BodyContent_Header_GlobalSignIn_institutionSignIn" rel="nofollow" class="auth--shib">Sign In</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <div class="editors-choice-header"> </div> <div id="BodyContent_Header_divAds" class="header-ad-wrap sb-background-primary-dark"> <div class="leader-ad desktop-only"> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_LeaderboardAd"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_LeaderboardAd" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":1,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"atf","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> </div>  </section> <section class="master-main"> <div class="header-logo-wrapper"> <div class="h1 header-logo-height"> <img class="journal-name-header" src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/journals/jama-health-forum.svg" id="lblJournalName" alt="JAMA Health Forum" /> </div>  </div>  <nav class="site-links-wrap"> <div class="site-links"> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum" id="BodyContent_PageContent_lnkHome" class="site-link">Home</a> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/currentissue" id="BodyContent_PageContent_lnkNewOnline" class="site-link">New Online</a> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/issue" id="BodyContent_PageContent_lnkIssues" class="site-link">Issues</a> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/for-authors" id="BodyContent_PageContent_lnkForAuthors" class="site-link">For Authors</a> </div> </nav> <a id="skip-to-navigation" href="#" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="content"> <div class="self-serve"> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-AMA_JournalHome_SpecialAnnouncements"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_JournalHome_SpecialAnnouncements" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <div class="self-serve-special-announcements"> <div class="announcement"> <p class="large-text">Editor's Choice: <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.21559">JAMA+ AI Site to Inform Medicine and Public Health</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-content journal-contents"> <div class="editors-choice"> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-AMA_JournalHome_EditorsChoice"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_JournalHome_EditorsChoice" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .jn-ss-featured-article-authors {margin-bottom:0;} </style> <div class="image-box"> <div class="featured"> <div class="featured-image"> <a href="/journals/jamahealthforum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4165"> <img alt="" src="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/jhf/2024/241122-jhf-ec-800.jpg"> </a> </div> <div class="featured-info"> <a class="link-title" href="/journals/jamahealthforum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4165">Dental Coverage and Care When Transitioning From Medicaid to Medicare</a> <p class="jn-ss-featured-article-authors">Hawazin W. Elani, BDS, PhD; Benjamin D. Sommers, MD, PhD; Dan Yuan; et al</p> <p class="featured-article-details">Original Investigation | November 22, 2024</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="movable-ad"> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_JournalHome_Single_mid"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_JournalHome_Single_mid" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":4,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"mid","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-JustPublished widget-instance-AMA_JustPublished_Journal"> <div class="just-published--header"> <div class="just-published--date"> November 22, 2024 </div> <h1 class="just-published--title module-title is-a"> Just Published </h1> </div> <div class="just-published--group research"> <div class="just-published--type thm-col">Research</div> <div class="widget-ArticleListNewAndPopular widget-instance-AMA_ArticleListNewAndPopular_Journal_Research"> <ul class="featured-list--contents"> <li class="article article-1 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826272">Dental Coverage and Care When Transitioning From Medicaid to Medicare</a> <div class="article--authors">Hawazin W. Elani, BDS, PhD; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Original Investigation</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Hawazin W. Elani, BDS, PhD; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-2 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826273">Health Care Utilization With Telemedicine and In-Person Visits in Pediatric Primary Care</a> <div class="article--authors">Scott D. Casey, MD, MS; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Original Investigation</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Scott D. Casey, MD, MS; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-3 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826274">Hearing Aid Use at the Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status</a> <div class="article--authors">Sarah Bessen, MD, MPH; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Research Letter</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Sarah Bessen, MD, MPH; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-4 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826157">Repeal of Subminimum Wages and Social Determinants of Health Among People With Disabilities</a> <div class="article--authors">Mihir Kakara, MBBS, MSHP; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Original Investigation</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Mihir Kakara, MBBS, MSHP; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-5 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826158">Manufacturer Response to Medicaid Rebate Cap Removal</a> <div class="article--authors">Joseph F. Levy, PhD; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Research Letter</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Joseph F. Levy, PhD; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="just-published--group opinion"> <div class="just-published--type thm-col">Opinion</div> <div class="widget-ArticleListNewAndPopular widget-instance-AMA_ArticleListNewAndPopular_Journal_Opinion"> <ul class="featured-list--contents"> <li class="article article-1 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826271">Medicare’s New Pathway for Transitional Coverage for Emerging Technologies</a> <div class="article--authors">Steven A. Farmer, MD, PhD; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Viewpoint</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Steven A. Farmer, MD, PhD; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-2 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826275"><i>JAMA Health Forum</i> Editorial Fellows—Call for Applicants</a> <div class="article--authors">Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH</div> <div class="article--type">Editorial</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-3 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826156">Considerations for Academic Medical Centers Moving AHEAD</a> <div class="article--authors">Anjali Bhatla, MD, MBA; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Viewpoint</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Anjali Bhatla, MD, MBA; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-4 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825777">Psychedelic and MDMA-Related Adverse Effects</a> <div class="article--authors">Otto Simonsson, PhD; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">Viewpoint</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Otto Simonsson, PhD; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-5 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825781">The Alarming Risks for Dually Eligible Beneficiaries During Heat Waves</a> <div class="article--authors">Jose F. Figueroa, MD, MPH</div> <div class="article--type">Invited Commentary</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <span class="badge icon-multimedia"><span class="sr-t">has multimedia</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Jose F. Figueroa, MD, MPH </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="just-published--group clinical-review"> <div class="just-published--type thm-col">JAMA Forum</div> <div class="widget-ArticleListNewAndPopular widget-instance-AMA_ArticleListNewAndPopular_Journal_ClinRev"> <ul class="featured-list--contents"> <li class="article article-1 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2827160">Ways to Save Money in Health Care</a> <div class="article--authors">David M. Cutler, PhD</div> <div class="article--type">JAMA Forum</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> David M. Cutler, PhD </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-2 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826550">Cross-Sector Support for a Policy Framework to Tackle Social Determinants of Health</a> <div class="article--authors">Stuart M. Butler, PhD</div> <div class="article--type">JAMA Forum</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Stuart M. Butler, PhD </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-3 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2826163">New Directions for Population Health Science and Scholarship</a> <div class="article--authors">Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">JAMA Forum</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-4 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825861">Medicaid’s Edge Case—Potential Expansion and Work Requirements in Mississippi</a> <div class="article--authors">Benjamin D. Sommers, MD, PhD; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">JAMA Forum</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Benjamin D. Sommers, MD, PhD; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> <li class="article article-5 thm-bd-top"> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825467">Unwinding Medicaid Eligibility: Lessons for Health Policy</a> <div class="article--authors">Michelle Bedoya, JD, LLM; et al.</div> <div class="article--type">JAMA Forum</div> <span class="badge icon-open_access"><span class="sr-t">open access</span></span> <div class="article--author-list"> Michelle Bedoya, JD, LLM; et al. </div> <div class="article--related-articles"> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <a class="just-published--more" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/currentissue"> <span class="just-published--more-text is-b">Read More</span> <div class="just-published--more-button btn">View</div> </a> </div> <div class="widget-SelectableContentList widget-instance-AMA_ContentByCollection_Journal"> <div class="coll-by-cont-header"> <h1 class="module-title">From the JAMA Network</h1> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-wrapper"> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826722">Nurse Care Management of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment After 3 Years</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Original Investigation</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826724">COVID-19 Coping and Emotional Health in American Indian and Alaska Native Peoples</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Original Investigation</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826725">Disparities by Race and Urbanicity in Online Health Care Facility Reviews</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Original Investigation</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826729">Continuous Glucose Monitoring Among Patients Receiving Care in FQHCs</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Original Investigation</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826732">US Pediatric Inpatient Care Loss Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Research Letter</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826737">The Need for a National Plan to Sustain Critical Access to Children’s Hospital Services</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Invited Commentary</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826738">Continuous Glucose Monitoring Access—Addressing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Invited Commentary</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826515">Pharmaceutical Expenditure and Consumption of Recommended Drugs to Avoid in Italy</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Research Letter</span> </div> </div> <div class="coll-by-cont-cell"> <div class="article--title"> <a class="" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2826366">Addressing the Rural-Urban Imbalance in Health Care Through the NHSC</a> </div> <div class="article--details"> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">JAMA Network Open</span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data"> | </span> <span class="coll-by-cont-data italic">Invited Commentary</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="movable-ad-target"></div> <div class="self-serve"> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-AMA_JournalHome_ProductPromotion"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_JournalHome_ProductPromotion" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .jcc-promo {margin:15px 0 2em 0;} .jcc-promo img {width:100%;} @media (max-width: 767px) {.image-box .featured-image {width: auto;} } @media (max-width: 1024px) { } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) { } @media (min-width: 768px) { } @media (min-width: 1024px) { .jcc-promo {margin-top:45px;} } @media (min-width: 1200px) { } @media (min-width: 1350px) { } @media (min-width: 1440px) { .jcc-promo {margin-top:30px;} } </style> <a href="https://careers.jamanetwork.com/"> <div class="jcc-promo"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 1440px)" srcset="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1440.svg?versionId=71243"></source> <source media="(min-width: 1024px)" srcset="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1024.svg?versionId=71243"></source> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1440.svg?versionId=71243"></source> <source media="(min-width: 600px)" srcset="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1024.svg?versionId=71243"></source> <img alt="" src="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-375.svg?versionId=71243" /> </picture> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="BodyContent_PageContent_yamlSfyFooter"> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_PersonalizedContent_JournalHome_Footer"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncWidgetLoader" data-url="/Personalization/PersonalizedContent/AMA_PersonalizedContent_JournalHome_Footer" data-params="{"parameters":{"resourceIdToExclude":0,"resourceTypeToExclude":2},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMAv2_Journal_PersonalizedTopics"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncWidgetLoader" data-url="/Personalization/PersonalizedTopics/AMAv2_Journal_PersonalizedTopics" data-params="{"parameters":{},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar journal-sidebar"> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_JournalHome_Single_mid"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_JournalHome_Single_mid" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":5,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"mid","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> <div class="widget-SignUpAffinityAlert widget-instance-AMAv2_AffinityAlertSignUp"> </div> <div class="widget-EmailListSignUp widget-instance-AMAv2_EmailListSignUp_Journal"> <div class="email-signup"> <div class="email-signup--text sb-pc">Get the latest from JAMA Health Forum</div> <div class="email-signup--input-wrap is-b"> <input type="text" name="email" class="email-signup--input" placeholder="Email address" title="Email address" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="javascript:;" class="email-signup--submit sb-sc btn">Sign Up</a> </div> <div class="email-signup--link"> <a class="email-signup--privacy" href="/pages/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> | <a class="email-signup--terms" href="/pages/terms-of-use">Terms of Use</a></div> <div class="email-signup--user-message"></div> </div> </div> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Socials" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial {display: inline-block !important;width: 34px;height: 34px;min-width: unset !important;margin: 0 2px !important;background-color: #fff;border-radius: 20px;border: 1px solid #191919;vertical-align: middle;} .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-black.svg);background-position: 7px 7px;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 18px;} .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram:hover, .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram:focus {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-fill.png);border-color: #C13584;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial {display: inline-block !important;width: 32px;height: 32px;min-width: unset !important;margin: 0 2px 0 3px !important;background-color: #fff;border-radius: 20px;border: 1px solid #191919;vertical-align: middle;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-black.svg);background-position: 6px 6px;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 18px;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram:hover, .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram:focus {background-color: #C13584;border-color: #191919;} #load-instagram-image { background: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-fill.png) no-repeat -9999px -9999px; } </style> <div id="BodyContent_Footer_divSocial" class="social-links footer-social-links"> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.facebook.com/JAMAHealthForum" class="social-link is-b facebook"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://twitter.com/JAMAHealthForum" class="social-link is-b twitter"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.instagram.com/jamanetwork/?hl=en" class="iconsocial instagram"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/jamahealthforum" class="social-link is-b linked-in"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.youtube.com/jamanetwork" class="social-link is-b you-tube"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.pinterest.com/jamanetwork/" class="social-link is-b pinterest"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="/rss/site_193/185.xml" class="social-link is-b rss"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/editors-summary-podcast" class="social-link is-b podcast"></a> <div id="load-instagram-image"> </div> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="widget-LatestFrom widget-instance-AMA_LatestFromUSPSTF"> </div> <div class="widget-MostViewedCited widget-instance-AMAv2_MostViewedCited_Journal"> <div class="most--links"> <div class="most--tab-link target-tab-active most-viewed-trigger most--trigger tabs--link" data-href="#most-viewed"> <span class="most--text"><span class="d-b">Most Viewed</span>(30 Days)</span> <a href="/rss/site_193/mostReadArticles.xml" target="_blank"><i class="icon-rss"><span class="sr-t">RSS link</span></i></a> </div> <div class="most--tab-link most--trigger tabs--link" data-href="#most-cited"> <span class="most--text"><span class="d-b">Most Cited</span>(3 Years)</span> <a href="/rss/site_193/mostCitedArticles.xml" target="_blank"><i class="icon-rss"><span class="sr-t">RSS Link</span></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="most--tabs"> <div class="most--viewed most--tab" id="most-viewed"> <div class="widget-ArticleListMostReadViewed widget-instance-MostViewed_AMA"> <ul class="featured-list--contents"> <li class="article article-1 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">8,365</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825024">What Would a Trump Administration 2.0 Mean for Health Care Policy?</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-2 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">4,787</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2811354">Complexity in the US Health Care System Is the Enemy of Access and Affordability</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-3 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">4,353</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825240">Is it Time to Refocus the Role of the CDC?</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-4 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,618</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2807049">Physician and Nurse Well-Being, Turnover Rates, and Adverse Outcomes, Patient Safety, and Interventions</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-5 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,589</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2817438">Changes in Permanent Contraception Among Young Women and Men After the <i>Dobbs</i> Decision</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-6 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,504</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2791964">Trends of Prescription Drug Manufacturer Rebates in Commercial Health Insurance Plans, 2015-2019</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-7 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,448</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2811344">Pharmacy Benefit Managers</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-8 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,403</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825777">Psychedelic and MDMA-Related Adverse Effects</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-9 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">3,274</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825387">Cannabis Use During Early Pregnancy Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-10 thm-bd-top js-most-viewed-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">2,884</span> <span class="article--count-text">Views</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2800748">Inpatient Falls and Implementation of an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Program</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mvc-view-more t-c mb1"> <a class="mvc-view-more-link js-view-more" href="#" role="button">View more<span aria-hidden="true"> ></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="most--cited most--tab" id="most-cited"> <div class="widget-ArticleListMostReadViewed widget-instance-MostCited_AMA"> <ul class="featured-list--contents"> <li class="article article-1 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">100</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2792505">The Costs of Long COVID</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-2 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">87</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2787276">Inequities Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use Among Patients With Diabetes</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-3 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">82</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2807049">Physician and Nurse Well-Being, Turnover Rates, and Adverse Outcomes, Patient Safety, and Interventions</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-4 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">65</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2790961">Health Care Worker Turnover During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-5 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">61</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2799033">Trends in Clinician Burnout With Associated Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-6 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">46</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2795946">Private Equity Acquisition of Physician Practices and Health Care Spending and Utilization</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-7 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">44</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2797732">Racial and Ethnic Disparities and Barriers to Timely Medical Care</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-8 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">42</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2795358">Mandated Implicit Bias Training for Health Professionals—A Step Toward Equity in Health Care</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-9 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">42</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2794538">Staffing Patterns in US Nursing Homes During COVID-19 Outbreaks</a> </div> </li> <li class="article article-10 thm-bd-top js-most-cited-item"> <div class="article--count"> <span class="article--count-value">42</span> <span class="article--count-text">Citations</span> </div> <div class="article--meta"> <a class="article--title" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2805334">ChatGPT and Physicians’ Malpractice Risk</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mvc-view-more t-c mb1"> <a class="mvc-view-more-link js-view-more" href="#" role="button">View more<span aria-hidden="true"> ></span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="self-serve"> </div> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_JobsAd"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncJobsAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/JobsAd/AMA_JobsAd" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteId":193},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> </div> </section> <section id="secFooterControl" class="master-footer"> <script> var App = App || {}; function scmByClass(className) { return document.getElementsByClassName(className); } function scmById(id) { return document.getElementById(id); } function scmquery(selector) { return document.querySelector(selector); } function queryAll(selector) { return document.querySelectorAll(selector); } function isTrueString(string) { if (typeof string === 'string') { return string.toLowerCase() === 'true'; } return undefined; } function updateViewportDimensions() { var w = window, d = document, e = d.documentElement, g = d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0], x = w.innerWidth || e.clientWidth || g.clientWidth, y = w.innerHeight || e.clientHeight || g.clientHeight; return { width: x, height: y }; } var viewport = updateViewportDimensions(); var debounce = function (func, wait, immediate) { var timeout; return function () { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function () { timeout = null; if (!immediate) func.apply(context, args); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = setTimeout(later, wait); if (callNow) func.apply(context, args); }; }; (function (App) { App.mobileUpperBreakpoint = 767; App.mobileAltBreakpoint = 640; App.mobileMinBreakpoint = 547; App.tabletUpperBreakpoint = 1023; function setVariables() { viewport = updateViewportDimensions(); App.isMobile = (viewport.width <= App.mobileUpperBreakpoint); App.isMobileAlt = (viewport.width <= App.mobileAltBreakpoint); App.isTablet = (viewport.width > App.mobileUpperBreakpoint && viewport.width <= App.tabletUpperBreakpoint); App.isTabletDown = (viewport.width <= App.tabletUpperBreakpoint); App.isDesktop = (viewport.width > App.tabletUpperBreakpoint); App.activeViewport = App.isMobile ? 'small' : App.isTablet ? 'med' : 'large'; } setVariables(); App.cachedViewport = App.isMobile ? 'small' : App.isTablet ? 'med' : 'large'; App.isAnyArticle = !!(scmByClass('widget-ArticleFullView').length || scmByClass('pg_abstract').length || scmByClass('widget-MagazineView').length || scmByClass('widget-ChannelsMagazineView').length); App.isSplitScreen = !!scmByClass('widget-ArticleFullView').length; App.isArticleRedesign = !!scmByClass('widget-ArticleWrapper').length; App.isAbstract = !!scmByClass('pg_abstract').length; App.isMag = !!(scmByClass('widget-MagazineView').length); App.isChannel = !!(scmByClass('channel-site').length); App.isChannelMag = !!(scmByClass('widget-ChannelsMagazineView').length); App.isFreeArticle = !!(scmquery('.widget-ArticleTopInfo .free-access') || scmquery('.widget-ArticleTopInfo .open-access') || scmquery('.widget-ArticleTopInfo .icon-free') || scmquery('.widget-ChannelsMagazineView .free-access')); App.isTollFreeAccess = false; App.isIssue = !!scmByClass('pg_issue').length || !!scmByClass('pg_newonline').length || !!scmByClass('pg_currentissue').length || !!scmByClass('pg_pastissues').length; App.isNewOnline = !!scmByClass('pg_newonline').length; App.isCurrentIssue = !!scmByClass('pg_currentissue').length; App.isPastIssues = !!scmByClass('pg_pastissues').length; App.isJournal = !!scmByClass('pg_journal').length; App.isNetworkHome = !!scmByClass('pg_index').length; App.isSearch = !!scmByClass('pg_searchresults').length; App.isAdvancedSearch = !!scmByClass('pg_advancedsearch').length; App.isPlayer= !!scmByClass('pg_multimediaplayer').length; App.isSelfServe = !!scmByClass('pg_sspage').length; App.isCmsPage = !!scmByClass('pg_cmspage').length; App.isMyAccount = !!scmByClass('pg_myaccount').length; App.supportsFlexbox = !!scmByClass('flexbox').length; App.isCollection = !!scmByClass('pg_collection').length; App.isPaidUser = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppIsPaidUser').getAttribute('value')); App.isMember = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppIsMember').getAttribute('value')); App.isIndividual = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppIsIndividual').getAttribute('value')); App.hasAccess = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppHasAccess').getAttribute('value')); App.isReferredFromGoogle = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppIsReferredFromGoogle').getAttribute('value')); var subscribedTo = scmById('hfAppSubscribedTo').getAttribute('value'); App.userSubscribedTo = subscribedTo ? subscribedTo.split(',') : undefined; App.isLucy = isTrueString(scmById('hfAppIsLucy').getAttribute('value')); App.currentJournalCount = 27; App.isChannelPage = !!(scmByClass('channels-page')); App.updateAppVariables = debounce(function () { setVariables(); }, 50, false); })(App); </script> <div class="footer-ad-wrapper"> <div id="BodyContent_Footer_divAds" class="footer-ad desktop-only"> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_AnchorboardAd_btf"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_AnchorboardAd_btf" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":11,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"btf","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ad-riser-wrap desktop-only"> <div class="ad-riser--dismiss t-c">X</div> <div class="widget-WidgetLoader widget-instance-AMA_AdTag_Riser"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-AsyncAdLoader" data-url="/AMA/AdTag/AMA_AdTag_Riser" data-params="{"parameters":{"siteName":"jama-health-forum","siteId":193,"journalId":185,"adDisplay":12,"adSection":"home","adPosition":"Riser","fromGoogle":false},"dynamicParameters":{"localParams":"[REPLACE_WITH_LOCAL]"}}"></div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-wrap"> <footer class="footer" id="footer"> <div id="footer-microsite" class="footer-microsite"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Left" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> @media (min-width: 1024px) {.split-screen .footer-microsite-contents {border-bottom:0 !important;}} .footer-microsite-contents {margin-bottom:1em;width:100%;} .footer-network-other .link-apps:before {width: 23px;} .footer-network-other .link-institutions-librarians:before {width: 23px;} .jn-ss-footer-border-top {border-top:1px solid #555;padding-top:15px;} .jn-ss-footer-border-bottom {border-bottom:1px solid #555;padding-bottom:10px;} </style> <div class="footer-heading-wrap"> <h3 id="BodyContent_Footer_h3SiteName" class="footer-heading is-b footer-microsite-heading" data-mobile-tog-target=".footer-microsite-links-wrap">JAMA Health Forum</h3> </div> <div class="footer-microsite-links-wrap"> <div class="footer-microsite-contents jn-ss-footer-border-bottom"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_ContentHeader" class="footer-subheading">Content</h4> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum">Home</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/currentissue">New Online</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/issue">Issues</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/for-authors">For Authors</a> </div> <div class="footer-microsite-contents jn-ss-footer-border-bottom"> <h4 class="footer-subheading">Podcast</h4> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/editors-summary-podcast">JAMA Health Forum Editors' Summary</a> </div> <div class="footer-microsite-services cf"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_ServiceHeader" class="footer-subheading">Journal Information</h4> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/for-authors">For Authors</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/editors-and-publishers">Editors & Publishers</a> <a href="/pages/rss">RSS</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/contact-us">Contact Us</a> </div> <div class="footer-network-other jn-ss-footer-border-bottom"> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning" class="link-network-other is-b link-learning">JN Learning / CME</a> <a href="https://store.jamanetwork.com" class="link-network-other is-b link-store" target="_blank">Store</a> <a href="/pages/apps" class="link-network-other is-b link-mobile" target="_blank">Apps</a> <a href="https://careers.jamanetwork.com/" class="link-network-other is-b link-jobs" target="_blank">Jobs</a> <a href="/pages/resources-for-librarians" class="link-network-other is-b link-institutions-librarians" target="_blank">Institutions</a> <a href="/pages/reprints-and-permissions" class="link-network-other is-b link-reprints-permissions">Reprints & Permissions</a> </div> </div>  </div> <div id="footer-network" class="footer-network"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Middle" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .footer-network-sites {width: 62.85542%;} .footer-network-info {width: 35.93976%} .jn-ss-subheading-mt {margin-top: 1.5em;} .jn-registered:after {content: "\00AE";font-size: 50%;vertical-align: top;} .jn-trademark:after {content: "\2122";font-size: 50%;vertical-align: top;} .nav-logo-cme-signin-container .nav-logo .site-logo img { min-width:50px;} </style> <div class="footer-heading-wrap"> <h3 class="footer-heading is-b jn-registered" data-mobile-tog-target=".footer-network-links-wrap"><strong>JAMA</strong> Network</h3> </div> <div class="footer-network-links-wrap"> <div class="footer-network-sites"> <div class="internal"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_JournalHeader" class="footer-subheading">Publications</h4> <a href="/journals/jama">JAMA</a> <a href="/journals/jamanetworkopen" target="_blank">JAMA Network Open</a> <a href="/journals/jamacardiology">JAMA Cardiology</a> <a href="/journals/jamadermatology">JAMA Dermatology</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum">JAMA Health Forum</a> <a href="/journals/jamainternalmedicine">JAMA Internal Medicine</a> <a href="/journals/jamaneurology">JAMA Neurology</a> <a href="/journals/jamaoncology">JAMA Oncology</a> <a href="/journals/jamaophthalmology">JAMA Ophthalmology</a> <a href="/journals/jamaotolaryngology">JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery</a> <a href="/journals/jamapediatrics">JAMA Pediatrics</a> <a href="/journals/jamapsychiatry">JAMA Psychiatry</a> <a href="/journals/jamasurgery">JAMA Surgery</a> <a href="/journals/archneurpsyc">Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959)</a> </div> <div class="external"> <h4 class="footer-subheading">Sites</h4> <div id="BodyContent_Footer_ssFooterSiteMenu"> <div class="selfServe"> <a target="_blank" href="https://sites.jamanetwork.com/art-and-images-in-psychiatry/">Art and Images in Psychiatry</a> <a target="_blank" href="/journals/jama/pages/2023-most-viewed-jama">Best of the JAMA Network</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/caring-for-the-critically-ill-patient">Caring for the Critically Ill Patient</a> <a target="_blank" href="/journals/jama/pages/crosswords">Clinical Crosswords from JAMA</a> <a target="_blank" href="/journals/jama/pages/coronavirus-alert">Coronavirus Resource Center</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://ebm.jamanetwork.com/index.html">Evidence-Based Medicine: An Oral History</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/fishbein-fellowship">Fishbein Fellowship</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/genomics/">Genomics and Precision Health</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/health-and-the-2024-us-election">Health and the 2024 US Election</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/hypertension">Hypertension</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/health-forum/archive">JAMA Forum Archive</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://sites.jamanetwork.com/audio">JAMA Network Audio</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/video">JAMA Network Video</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/conferences">JAMA Network Conferences </a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/ai">JAMA+ AI</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/jama-summit">JAMA Summit </a> <a target="_blank" href="/journals/jamasurgery/pages/statistics-and-methods">JAMA Surgery Guide to Statistics and Methods</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/medical-news">Medical News</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/monkeypox">Mpox (Monkeypox)</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://sites.jamanetwork.com/research-ethics/">Research Ethics</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/collections">Topics and Collections</a> <a target="_blank" href="/pages/visual-abstracts">Visual Abstracts</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/war">War and Health</a> <a target="_blank" href="/channels/womens-health">Women's Health</a> <h4 class="footer-subheading jn-ss-subheading-mt">Featured Articles</h4> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2781397">CONSERVE 2021 Guidelines for Reporting Trials Modified for the COVID-19 Pandemic</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2808296">Creation and Adoption of Large Language Models in Medicine</a> <a href="/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/2787350">Global Burden of Cancer, 2010-2019</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2797443">Global Burden of Long COVID</a> <a href="/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2790344">Global Burden of Melanoma</a> <a href="/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2787350">Global Burden of Skin Diseases, 1990-2017</a> <a href="/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2793874">Global Disparities in Parkinson Disease</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2799547">Guidelines for Reporting Outcomes in Trial Protocols: The SPIRIT-Outcomes 2022 Extension</a> <a href="/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2799486">Mass Violence and the Complex Spectrum of Mental Illness and Mental Functioning</a> <a href="/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2793903">Neuropsychiatry Sequelae of COVID-19</a> <a href="/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2810313">A New Framework for Dementia Nomenclature</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2800656">Organization and Performance of US Health Systems</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2791195">Pharmacy Benefit Managers: History, Business Practices, Economics, and Policy</a> <a href="/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2791195">Promoting EDI in Genetics Research</a> <a href="/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2781972">PTSD and Cardiovascular Disease</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2810754">Red Blood Cell Transfusion: 2023 AABB International Guidelines</a> <a href="/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2797600">Reimagining Children’s Rights in the US</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2794049">Spirituality in Serious Illness and Health</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2796374">The US Medicaid Program: Coverage, Financing, Reforms, and Implications for Health Equity</a> <h4 class="footer-subheading jn-ss-subheading-mt">USPSTF Recommendation Statements</h4> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2779985">Screening for Colorectal Cancer</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2779190">Screening for Hypertension</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2777244">Screening for Lung Cancer</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2796244">Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes In Children</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2783414">Screening for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes In Adults</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2795521">Statins for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease</a> <a href="/journals/jama/fullarticle/2793446">Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for Primary Prevention of of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer</a> <h4 class="footer-subheading jn-ss-subheading-mt">Blogs</h4> <a target="_blank" href="https://amastyleinsider.com/">AMA Style Insider</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-network-info" class="footer-network-info"> <div class="information-for-links"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_InfoHeader" class="footer-subheading">Information</h4> <a href="/pages/for-authors">For Authors</a> <a href="/pages/resources-for-librarians">For Institutions & Librarians</a> <a href="/pages/advertisers">For Advertisers</a> <a href="/pages/subscription-agents">For Subscription Agents</a> <a href="https://careers.jamanetwork.com/" target="_blank">For Employers & Job Seekers</a> <a href="https://media.jamanetwork.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">For the Media</a> <a href="/pages/equity-diversity-inclusion">Equity, Diversity, Inclusion</a> <a href="/pages/commenting-policy">Online Commenting Policy</a> <a href="/pages/access-at-jama-network">Public Access and Open Access Policy</a> <a href="/pages/offensive-content-statement">Statement on Potentially Offensive Content</a> </div> <div class="services-links"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_JAMANetworkProductsHeader" class="footer-subheading">JAMA Network Products</h4> <a href="http://www.amamanualofstyle.com/" class="footer-service-link" target="_blank">AMA Manual of Style</a> <a href="https://jamaevidence.mhmedical.com/" class="footer-service-link" target="_blank"><span class="jn-registered">JAMAevidence</span></a> <a href="http://www.peerreviewcongress.org/" class="footer-service-link" target="_blank">Peer Review Congress</a> </div> <div class="learning-links"> <h4 id="BodyContent_Footer_LearningHeader" class="footer-subheading">JN Learning</h4> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning">Home</a> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/state-cme">State CME</a> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/pages/clinical-challenge-courses">Clinical Challenge CME</a> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/course/288 ">Atrial Fibrillation Course</a> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/course/294 ">Women's Health Course</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/pages/auto-credit-reporting">CME / MOC Reporting Preferences</a> <a href="https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/pages/about-cme">About CME & MOC</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-resources-wrap" class="footer-resources-wrap"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Right" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .footer-resources-wrap .footer-subheading {color: grey;display:block !important;font-size: 1.17647em;font-weight: 400;text-transform: uppercase;} </style> <div class="footer-heading-wrap"> <h3 class="footer-heading is-b footer-resources-heading" data-mobile-tog-target=".footer-resources">Help</h3> </div> <div class="footer-resources"> <a href="https://store.jamanetwork.com" class="footer-service-link" target="_blank">Subscriptions & Renewals</a> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=http%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2Fmyaccount%23my-alerts" class="footer-service-link" rel="nofollow">Manage Emails</a> <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=http%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2Fmyaccount%23my-profile" class="footer-service-link" rel="nofollow">Update My Address</a> <a href="https://support.jamanetwork.com/hc/en-us" class="footer-service-link">Support Center</a> <a href="/myaccount " class="footer-service-link">My Account</a> <h4 class="footer-subheading jn-ss-subheading-mt">JAMA Career Center</h4> <a href="https://careers.jamanetwork.com/" class="footer-service-link" target="_blank">Physician Job Listings</a> </div> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Socials" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial {display: inline-block !important;width: 34px;height: 34px;min-width: unset !important;margin: 0 2px !important;background-color: #fff;border-radius: 20px;border: 1px solid #191919;vertical-align: middle;} .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-black.svg);background-position: 7px 7px;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 18px;} .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram:hover, .widget-instance-AMA_Journal_Home_Socials .iconsocial.instagram:focus {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-fill.png);border-color: #C13584;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial {display: inline-block !important;width: 32px;height: 32px;min-width: unset !important;margin: 0 2px 0 3px !important;background-color: #fff;border-radius: 20px;border: 1px solid #191919;vertical-align: middle;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram {background-image: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-black.svg);background-position: 6px 6px;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 18px;} .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram:hover, .footer-resources-wrap .iconsocial.instagram:focus {background-color: #C13584;border-color: #191919;} #load-instagram-image { background: url(https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/JamaNetwork/social/instagram-icon-fill.png) no-repeat -9999px -9999px; } </style> <div id="BodyContent_Footer_divSocial" class="social-links footer-social-links"> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.facebook.com/JAMAHealthForum" class="social-link is-b facebook"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://twitter.com/JAMAHealthForum" class="social-link is-b twitter"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.instagram.com/jamanetwork/?hl=en" class="iconsocial instagram"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/jamahealthforum" class="social-link is-b linked-in"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.youtube.com/jamanetwork" class="social-link is-b you-tube"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="https://www.pinterest.com/jamanetwork/" class="social-link is-b pinterest"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="/rss/site_193/185.xml" class="social-link is-b rss"></a> <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-emailid="a4b91035-2410-419c-80bf-a18d1f5b3ade" href="/journals/jama-health-forum/pages/editors-summary-podcast" class="social-link is-b podcast"></a> <div id="load-instagram-image"> </div> </div>  <div id="BodyContent_Footer_divEmailUpdate" class="footer-email-updates"> <div class="widget-EmailListSignUp widget-instance-AMAv2_EmailListSignUp_Footer"> <div class="email-signup"> <div class="email-signup--text sb-pc">Get the latest from JAMA Health Forum</div> <div class="email-signup--input-wrap is-b"> <input type="text" name="email" class="email-signup--input" placeholder="Email address" title="Email address" /> <a rel="nofollow" href="javascript:;" class="email-signup--submit sb-sc btn">Sign Up</a> </div> <div class="email-signup--link"> <a class="email-signup--privacy" href="/pages/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> | <a class="email-signup--terms" href="/pages/terms-of-use">Terms of Use</a></div> <div class="email-signup--user-message"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-bar" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="v2_Footer_Bottom_Bar" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> <style type="text/css"> .network-bar .auth--inst {color:#B8B8B8;} .multimedia-caption-container div.video-caption {color: #262626;font-size: 15px;font-weight: 700;line-height: 1.5;} .nav-journals a.theme-jama-health-forum:before {background: #133763;} .jn-bottom-bar {color: #fff; float: left;font-size: 10px;padding: 13px 20px;width: 33.33%;} .jn-bottom-bar p {line-height: 2;} @media (max-width: 900px) {.jn-bottom-bar {float: none;width: 100%;}} .jn-footer-copyright {font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:10px;} .jn-footer-pipe {margin:0 10px;} .footer-bar-jn-logo img {width: 230px;} @media (max-width: 900px) {.footer-bar-jn-logo img {width: 200px;}} [data-thm=umb] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #d71635 !important;} [data-thm=jama] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #d71635 !important;} [data-thm=jaman] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #ed0973 !important;} [data-thm=cardi] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #be1e32 !important;} [data-thm=derm] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #006f3b !important;} [data-thm=faci] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #ed1c24 !important;} [data-thm=jama-] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #fb5252 !important;} [data-thm=intem] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #006e96 !important;} [data-thm=neur] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #981b1e !important;} [data-thm=oncol] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #3b923f !important;} [data-thm=ophth] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #66bc29 !important;} [data-thm=otol] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #34b6e4 !important;} [data-thm=peds] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #0084c0 !important;} [data-thm=psych] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #005276 !important;} [data-thm=surg] .jobs-ad--text h6 {color: #f47920 !important;} .blockquote .para {margin: 0 0 1em 1em;} .jn-footer-copyright {display: block;} .inline-block {display: inline-block;} </style> <a class="footer-bar-jn-logo d-b no-mw mb1" href="/" title="JAMA Network Home"><img class="mw-100" src="https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/global/jn-signature-reversed-r.svg?versionId=82308" alt="Jama Network Logo"></a> <div class="jn-bottom-bar"> <p> <span class="jn-footer-copyright">© 2024 American Medical Association. <span class="inline-block">All rights reserved,</span> including those for text and data mining, AI training, <span class="inline-block">and similar technologies.</span></span> <span class="inline-block"><a href="https://www.ama-assn.org/about/terms-use" rel="nofollow" class="p0">Terms of Use</a><span class="jn-footer-pipe">|</span></span> <span class="inline-block"><a href="https://www.ama-assn.org/about/privacy-policy" rel="nofollow" class="p0">Privacy Policy</a><span class="jn-footer-pipe">|</span></span> <span class="inline-block"><a href="https://www.ama-assn.org/about/accessibility-statement" rel="nofollow" class="p0">Accessibility Statement</a><span class="jn-footer-pipe">|</span></span> <span class="inline-block"><a onclick="OneTrust.ToggleInfoDisplay()" rel="nofollow" class="p0" id="CookieFooter">Cookie Settings</a></span> </p> </div>  <a class="footer-bar-sis no-mw relative nudge-down" href="https://www.silverchair.com" target="_blank"><img class="footer-bar-sis-img mt05 mw-100" width="600" height="70" src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/powered.png" alt="Silverchair Logo" /></a> </div> </footer> </div> <div class="ss-ui-only"> <div class="widget-SelfServeContent widget-instance-AMA_SS_UI_Only"> <div class="self-serve"> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeContentId" value="SsUiOnly" /> <input type="hidden" class="SelfServeVersionId" value="0" /> . </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="widget-UserContentAccessWrite widget-instance-AMA_UserContentAccessWrite_Site"> <div class="SCM-SharedWidgets-LocalStorage-UserContentAccessWrite" data-values='{"id":"0","type":"Site","date":"11/24/2024 7:22:17 AM"}'></div> </div> <div id="revealModal" class="reveal-modal" data-reveal> <div id="revealContent"></div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="artmet-modal" id="MetricsModal"> <div class="artmet-modal-contents"> <a class="artmet-close-modal">×</a> </div> </div> <div class="widget-SigninModals widget-instance-AMA_SigninModals"> <div class="js-modal-no-access-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Access your subscriptions</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> <div class="widget-AmaAdvancedSeamlessAccess widget-instance-AMA_NoAccess_AdvancedSeamlessAccessButton"> <div class="seamless-access-button--wrap"> <button class="d-flex sa-button align-items-center" role="button" type="button"> <div class="sa-button-logo-wrap"> <img src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seamless-access.svg" class="sa-button-logo" alt="Seamless Access Logo" /> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center sa-button-text text-truncate"> <div class="sa-button-text-primary text-truncate">Access through your institution</div> </div> </button> <div class="sa-access-text text-truncate hide"> <div class="sa-cta-access"><span>Add or change institution</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="js-modal-paid-pdf-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Access your subscriptions</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> <div class="widget-AmaAdvancedSeamlessAccess widget-instance-AMA_PaidPdf_AdvancedSeamlessAccessButton"> <div class="seamless-access-button--wrap"> <button class="d-flex sa-button align-items-center" role="button" type="button"> <div class="sa-button-logo-wrap"> <img src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seamless-access.svg" class="sa-button-logo" alt="Seamless Access Logo" /> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center sa-button-text text-truncate"> <div class="sa-button-text-primary text-truncate">Access through your institution</div> </div> </button> <div class="sa-access-text text-truncate hide"> <div class="sa-cta-access"><span>Add or change institution</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="js-modal-free-pdf-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Sign in to access free PDF</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> <div class="widget-AmaAdvancedSeamlessAccess widget-instance-AMA_FreePdf_AdvancedSeamlessAccessButton"> <div class="seamless-access-button--wrap"> <button class="d-flex sa-button align-items-center" role="button" type="button"> <div class="sa-button-logo-wrap"> <img src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seamless-access.svg" class="sa-button-logo" alt="Seamless Access Logo" /> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center sa-button-text text-truncate"> <div class="sa-button-text-primary text-truncate">Access through your institution</div> </div> </button> <div class="sa-access-text text-truncate hide"> <div class="sa-cta-access"><span>Add or change institution</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="js-modal-save-search-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Save your search</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="js-modal-follow-collection-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Customize your interests</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> <div class="modal--link-wrap"> <a class="modal--link" href="/pages/privacy-policy" rel="nofollow">Privacy Policy</a> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="js-modal-user-comment-reveal no-access reveal-modal modal tiny" data-reveal> <div class="modal--box"> <div class="modal--title">Make a comment</div> <hr /> <button type="button" role="button" class="modal--btn js-btn-signin-personal" data-oauth-signin-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https%3a%2f%2fjamanetwork.com%2fjournals%2fjama-health-forum"> Sign in<span class="fw-normal"> | personal account</span> </button> <div class="modal--link-wrap"> <a class="modal--link" href="/pages/privacy-policy" rel="nofollow">Privacy Policy</a> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal icon-close"></a> </div> <div class="hidden-true js-modal-page-data" data-store-url="https://store.jamanetwork.com" data-store-purchase-url="https://jamanetwork.com/oauthsignin?return_url=https://store.jamanetwork.com" data-store-subscribe-url="https://store.jamanetwork.com"> </div> </div> <script src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/vendor/jquery-2.2.4.min.js?v=638654734634555810"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/UI/app/vendor/jquery-2.2.4.min.js">\x3C/script>')</script> <script src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app.min.js?v=638677764559592887" defer></script> </form> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/scss/modules/_trendMD.css"> <div class="widget-CustomJSScript widget-instance-"> <script src="//cdn.jamanetwork.com/ama/ama.proxylogging.js" async></script> </div> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

JAMA Health Forum – Health Policy, Health Care Reform, Health Affairs