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<span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>California</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-California-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States–Mexico_border_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States–Mexico_border_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>United States–Mexico border region</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States–Mexico_border_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protected_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protected_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Protected areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protected_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parks_and_recreation_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_recreation_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Parks and recreation areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_recreation_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sonoran Desert</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 63 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="صحراء سونورا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صحراء سونورا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_(s%C9%99hra)" title="Sonora (səhra) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sonora (səhra)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF" title="সোনোরান মরুভূমি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সোনোরান মরুভূমি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Санора (пустыня) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Санора (пустыня)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Сонора (пустиня) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сонора (пустиня)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_(pustinja)" title="Sonora (pustinja) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sonora (pustinja)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dezerzh_Sonora" title="Dezerzh Sonora – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dezerzh Sonora" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_de_Sonora" title="Desert de Sonora – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Desert de Sonora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_Desert_(patag)" title="Sonoran Desert (patag) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sonoran Desert (patag)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonorsk%C3%A1_pou%C5%A1%C5%A5" title="Sonorská poušť – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sonorská poušť" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora%C3%B8rkenen" title="Sonoraørkenen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sonoraørkenen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora-W%C3%BCste" title="Sonora-Wüste – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sonora-Wüste" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_k%C3%B5rb" title="Sonora kõrb – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sonora kõrb" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Έρημος Σονόρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έρημος Σονόρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desierto_de_Sonora" title="Desierto de Sonora – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Desierto de Sonora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora-Dezerto" title="Sonora-Dezerto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sonora-Dezerto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonorako_basamortua" title="Sonorako basamortua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sonorako basamortua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="بیابان سونورا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیابان سونورا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9sert_de_Sonora" title="Désert de Sonora – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Désert de Sonora" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoarawoastyn" title="Sonoarawoastyn – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sonoarawoastyn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A0sach_Sonora" title="Fàsach Sonora – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fàsach Sonora" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserto_de_Sonora" title="Deserto de Sonora – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Deserto de Sonora" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%85%B8%EB%9D%BC_%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%89" title="소노라 사막 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소노라 사막" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8" title="सोनोरन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोनोरन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_(pustinja)" title="Sonora (pustinja) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sonora (pustinja)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurun_Sonora" title="Gurun Sonora – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gurun Sonora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserto_di_Sonora" title="Deserto di Sonora – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Deserto di Sonora" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="מדבר סונורה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדבר סונורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="სონორას უდაბნო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სონორას უდაბნო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%88%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Соноран шөлі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Соноран шөлі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoros_dykuma" title="Sonoros dykuma – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sonoros dykuma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora-sivatag" title="Sonora-sivatag – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sonora-sivatag" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Сонора (пустина) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сонора (пустина)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF" title="സോനോറൻ മരുഭൂമി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോനോറൻ മരുഭൂമി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सोनोराचे वाळवंट – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सोनोराचे वाळवंट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="صحرا سونورا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صحرا سونورا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurun_Sonora" title="Gurun Sonora – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gurun Sonora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonorawoestijn" title="Sonorawoestijn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sonorawoestijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%8E%E3%83%A9%E7%A0%82%E6%BC%A0" title="ソノラ砂漠 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソノラ砂漠" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_W%C3%BC%C3%BCst" title="Sonora Wüüst – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sonora Wüüst" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora%C3%B8rkenen" title="Sonoraørkenen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sonoraørkenen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora%C3%B8rkenen" title="Sonoraørkenen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sonoraørkenen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%81%DB%8C" title="سونورا روہی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سونورا روہی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_(pustynia)" title="Sonora (pustynia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sonora (pustynia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserto_de_Sonora" title="Deserto de Sonora – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Deserto de Sonora" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C8%99ertul_Sonora" title="Deșertul Sonora – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Deșertul Sonora" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Сонора (пустыня) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сонора (пустыня)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_(Shkretira)" title="Sonora (Shkretira) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sonora (Shkretira)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" title="Sonoran Desert – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sonoran Desert" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سونورا ريگستان – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سونورا ريگستان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonorska_pu%C5%A1%C4%8Dava" title="Sonorska puščava – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sonorska puščava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%86%D9%86%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بیابانی سۆنۆران – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیابانی سۆنۆران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Сонорска пустиња – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сонорска пустиња" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonorska_pustinja" title="Sonorska pustinja – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sonorska pustinja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_aavikko" title="Sonoran aavikko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sonoran aavikko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora%C3%B6knen" title="Sonoraöknen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sonoraöknen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ทะเลทรายโซนอรัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทะเลทรายโซนอรัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora_%C3%87%C3%B6l%C3%BC" title="Sonora Çölü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sonora Çölü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F)" title="Сонора (пустеля) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сонора (пустеля)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoang_m%E1%BA%A1c_Sonora" title="Hoang mạc Sonora – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hoang mạc Sonora" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disyerto_Sonora" title="Disyerto Sonora – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Disyerto Sonora" data-language-autonym="Winaray" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sonoran_Desert&params=32_15_N_112_55_W_region:MX_type:landmark_scale:2500000_dim:493km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°15′N</span> <span class="longitude">112°55′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.250°N 112.917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.250; -112.917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Desert in Mexico and the United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25em;line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Sonoran Desert</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg/272px-Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg/408px-Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg/544px-Saguaro_National_Park_-_Flickr_-_Joe_Parks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3927" data-file-height="2618" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Saguaro_National_Park" title="Saguaro National Park">Saguaro National Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonoran_Desert_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sonoran_Desert_map.svg/200px-Sonoran_Desert_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sonoran_Desert_map.svg/300px-Sonoran_Desert_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sonoran_Desert_map.svg/400px-Sonoran_Desert_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="1992" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sonoran desert</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Ecology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Biogeographic_realm" title="Biogeographic realm">Realm</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nearctic_realm" title="Nearctic realm">Nearctic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">Biome</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands" title="Deserts and xeric shrublands">Deserts and xeric shrublands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Borders</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Mountains_forests" title="Arizona Mountains forests">Arizona Mountains forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_desert" title="Baja California desert">Baja California desert</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/California_coastal_sage_and_chaparral" title="California coastal sage and chaparral">California coastal sage and chaparral</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/California_montane_chaparral_and_woodlands" title="California montane chaparral and woodlands">California montane chaparral and woodlands</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan Desert</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Plateau_shrublands" title="Colorado Plateau shrublands">Colorado Plateau shrublands</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California_xeric_scrub" title="Gulf of California xeric scrub">Gulf of California xeric scrub</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Ju%C3%A1rez_and_San_Pedro_M%C3%A1rtir_pine-oak_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine-oak forests">Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine-oak forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Sonoran-Sinaloan_transition_subtropical_dry_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forests">Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bird species</th><td class="infobox-data">246<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mammal species</th><td class="infobox-data">120<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">222,998 km<sup>2</sup> (86,100 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">States</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sonoran_Desert&params=32_15_N_112_55_W_region:MX_type:landmark_scale:2500000_dim:493km"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°15′N</span> <span class="longitude">112°55′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.250°N 112.917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.250; -112.917</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rivers</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Climate type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hot_desert_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot desert climate">Hot desert</a> (<i>BWh</i>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Conservation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ecoregion_conservation_status" title="Ecoregion conservation status">Conservation status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Relatively Stable/Intact<sup id="cite_ref-wwf_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwf-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Habitat loss</th><td class="infobox-data">10.5%<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Protected</th><td class="infobox-data">39%<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Sonoran Desert</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Desierto de Sonora</i>) is a hot <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">desert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> that covers the northwestern Mexican states of <a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a>, as well as part of the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> and <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>). It is the hottest desert in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has an area of 260,000 square kilometers (100,000 sq mi). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Phytogeography" title="Phytogeography">phytogeography</a>, the Sonoran Desert is within the Sonoran <a href="/wiki/Floristic_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Floristic province">floristic province</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Madrean_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrean Region">Madrean Region</a> of southwestern North America, part of the <a href="/wiki/Holarctic_realm" title="Holarctic realm">Holarctic realm</a> of the northern <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a>. The desert contains a variety of unique <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a> <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">animals</a>, notably, the <a href="/wiki/Saguaro" title="Saguaro">saguaro</a> (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Stenocereus_thurberi" title="Stenocereus thurberi">organ pipe cactus</a> (<i>Stenocereus thurberi</i>). </p><p>The Sonoran Desert is clearly distinct from nearby deserts (e.g., the <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Great Basin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan deserts</a>) because it provides subtropical warmth in winter and two seasons of rainfall (in contrast, for example, to the Mojave's dry summers and cold winters). This creates an extreme contrast between aridity and moisture.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sonoran desert wraps around the northern end of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a> (<a href="/wiki/El_Vizca%C3%ADno_Biosphere_Reserve" title="El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve">El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve</a> in central and Pacific west coast, Central Gulf Coast subregion on east to southern tip), north through much of <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja California (state)">Baja California</a>, excluding the central northwest mountains and Pacific west coast, through southeastern California and southwestern and southern Arizona to western and central parts of <a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is bounded on the west by the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a>, which separate it from the <a href="/wiki/California_chaparral_and_woodlands" title="California chaparral and woodlands">California chaparral and woodlands</a> (northwest) and <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_desert" title="Baja California desert">Baja California desert</a> (Vizcaíno subregion, central and southeast) ecoregions of the Pacific slope. The <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California_xeric_scrub" title="Gulf of California xeric scrub">Gulf of California xeric scrub</a> ecoregion lies south of the Sonoran desert on the Gulf of California slope of the Baja California Peninsula. </p><p>To the north in California and northwest Arizona, the Sonoran Desert transitions to the colder-winter, higher-elevation <a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Plateau_shrublands" title="Colorado Plateau shrublands">Colorado Plateau</a> deserts. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Temperate_coniferous_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate coniferous forests">coniferous</a> <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Mountains_forests" title="Arizona Mountains forests">Arizona Mountains forests</a> are to the northeast. The <a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan Desert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Occidental_pine%E2%80%93oak_forests" title="Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests">Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests</a> are at higher elevations to the east. To the south the <a href="/wiki/Sonoran%E2%80%93Sinaloan_transition_subtropical_dry_forest" title="Sonoran–Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest">Sonoran–Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest</a> is the transition zone from the Sonoran Desert to the <a href="/wiki/Sinaloan_dry_forests" title="Sinaloan dry forests">tropical dry forests</a> of the Mexican state of <a href="/wiki/Sinaloa" title="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sub-regions">Sub-regions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sub-regions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The desert's sub-regions include the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado Desert</a> of southeastern California; and the <a href="/wiki/Yuma_Desert" title="Yuma Desert">Yuma Desert</a> east of the north-to-south section of the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> in southwest Arizona. In the 1957 publication <i>Vegetation of the Sonoran Desert</i>, Forrest Shreve divided the Sonoran Desert into seven regions according to characteristic vegetation: Lower Colorado Valley, Arizona Upland, Plains of Sonora, Foothills of Sonora, Central Gulf Coast, Vizcaíno Region, and Magdalena Region.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many ecologists consider Shreve's Vizcaíno and Magdalena regions, which lie on the western side of the <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja California Peninsula">Baja California Peninsula</a>, to be a separate <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baja_California_desert" title="Baja California desert">Baja California desert</a>. </p><p>Within the southern Sonoran Desert in Mexico is found the <a href="/wiki/Gran_Desierto_de_Altar" title="Gran Desierto de Altar">Gran Desierto de Altar</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/El_Pinacate_y_Gran_Desierto_de_Altar_Biosphere_Reserve" title="El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve">El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve</a>, encompassing 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi) of desert and mountainous regions.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biosphere reserve includes the only active <a href="/wiki/Erg_(landform)" title="Erg (landform)">erg</a> dune region in North America. The nearest city to the biosphere reserve is <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Pe%C3%B1asco" title="Puerto Peñasco">Puerto Peñasco</a> ('Rocky Point') in the state of <a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Sub-regions</dt></dl> <p>Sonoran Desert sub-regions include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Desierto_de_Altar" title="Gran Desierto de Altar">Gran Desierto de Altar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechuguilla_Desert" title="Lechuguilla Desert">Lechuguilla Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonopah_Desert" title="Tonopah Desert">Tonopah Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuha_Desert" title="Yuha Desert">Yuha Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_Desert" title="Yuma Desert">Yuma Desert</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sonoran desert has an <a href="/wiki/Aridity" title="Aridity">arid</a> subtropical <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a> and is considered to be the most <a href="/wiki/Tropics" title="Tropics">tropical</a> desert in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the lower-elevation portions of the desert, temperatures are warm year-round, and <a href="/wiki/Rain" title="Rain">rainfall</a> is infrequent and irregular, often less than 90 mm (approx. 3.5") annually. The <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> uplands are also warm year-round, but they receive 100–300 mm (approx. 4–12") of average annual rainfall, which falls in a more regular bi-seasonal pattern.<sup id="cite_ref-wwf_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwf-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> system, the majority of the Sonoran Desert has a <a href="/wiki/Hot_desert_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot desert climate">hot desert climate</a> (<i>BWh</i>). <a href="/wiki/Hot_semi-arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot semi-arid climate">Hot semi-arid climate</a> (<i>BSh</i>) exists on some of the higher elevation mountains within the desert, as well as in a continuous swath on the eastern and northeastern fringes as elevations gradually rise toward the <a href="/wiki/Madrean_Sky_Islands" title="Madrean Sky Islands">Madrean Sky Islands</a> in the east and the <a href="/wiki/Mogollon_Rim" title="Mogollon Rim">Mogollon Rim</a> in the northeast. There are also a few small areas of <a href="/wiki/Cold_semi-arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold semi-arid climate">cold semi-arid climate</a> (<i>BSk</i>) and even <a href="/wiki/Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot-summer Mediterranean climate">hot-summer Mediterranean climate</a> ("Csa") on only the highest mountain peaks within the region. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for 7 WNW Sundad, AZ, Elevation 945 ft (288 m), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2022 </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.1<br />(27.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.7<br />(32.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98.8<br />(37.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103.6<br />(39.8) </td> <td style="background: #D90000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">111.5<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #AA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">117.6<br />(47.6) </td> <td style="background: #940000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">120.6<br />(49.2) </td> <td style="background: #B50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">116.2<br />(46.8) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">114.1<br />(45.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">105.4<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.6<br />(35.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.7<br />(28.7) </td> <td style="background: #940000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">120.6<br />(49.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.0<br />(20.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.4<br />(21.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.4<br />(25.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.7<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.0<br />(34.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106.5<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">105.4<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100.4<br />(38.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.8<br />(32.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.0<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(19.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">87.3<br />(30.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(3.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(5.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.3<br />(8.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.6<br />(11.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.5<br />(15.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.2<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.8<br />(25.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.0<br />(25.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.5<br />(21.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.4<br />(14.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.3<br />(7.4) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(3.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56.5<br />(13.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(−7.7) </td> <td style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(−4.3) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(−1.7) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.1<br />(3.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.3<br />(6.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.8<br />(11.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.4<br />(16.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.5<br />(18.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.2<br />(10.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(−3.4) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(−6.7) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.1<br />(−7.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #E2FFE2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.74<br />(19) </td> <td style="background: #E1FFE1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.71<br />(18) </td> <td style="background: #EAFFEA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.55<br />(14) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.13<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.08<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.03<br />(0.76) </td> <td style="background: #E5FFE5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.68<br />(17) </td> <td style="background: #E1FFE1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.78<br />(20) </td> <td style="background: #EAFFEA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.52<br />(13) </td> <td style="background: #F0FFF0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.39<br />(9.9) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.43<br />(11) </td> <td style="background: #E7FFE7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.62<br />(16) </td> <td style="background: #ECFFEC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.64<br />(143) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.6 </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7 </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9 </td> <td style="background: #DBFFDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1 </td> <td style="background: #DFFFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4 </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #D4FFD4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4 </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0 </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6 </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1 </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1 </td> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.5 </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(−1.1) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(−1.2) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(0.8) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.8<br />(12.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.7<br />(14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.0<br />(10.6) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.6<br />(3.7) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(−1.7) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.0<br />(3.3) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: PRISM<sup id="cite_ref-PRISM_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRISM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora">Flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Flora_of_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="Flora of the Sonoran Desert">Flora of the Sonoran Desert</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_flora_of_the_Sonoran_Desert_Region_by_common_name" title="List of flora of the Sonoran Desert Region by common name">List of flora of the Sonoran Desert Region by common name</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonoradesert_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Sonoradesert_1.JPG/220px-Sonoradesert_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Sonoradesert_1.JPG/330px-Sonoradesert_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Sonoradesert_1.JPG/440px-Sonoradesert_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>The Sonoran Desert near <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a> during winter.</figcaption></figure> <p>Many plants not only survive, but thrive in the harsh conditions of the Sonoran Desert. Many have evolved specialized adaptations to the desert climate. The Sonoran Desert's bi-seasonal rainfall pattern results in more plant species than any other desert in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-wwf_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwf-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sonoran Desert includes plant genera and species from the <a href="/wiki/Agave" title="Agave">agave</a> family, <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palm</a> family, <a href="/wiki/Cactus" title="Cactus">cactus</a> family, <a href="/wiki/Legume" title="Legume">legume</a> family, and numerous others. Many of these adaptations occur in food crops. <a href="/wiki/Mission_Garden" title="Mission Garden">Mission Garden</a> is a living agricultural museum that showcases foods that have been grown in the Sonoran Desert for over 4000 years. </p><p>The Sonoran is the only place in the world where the famous <a href="/wiki/Saguaro_cactus" class="mw-redirect" title="Saguaro cactus">saguaro cactus</a> (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>) grows in the wild.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cylindropuntia" title="Cylindropuntia">Cholla</a> (<i>Cylindropuntia</i> spp.), <a href="/wiki/Opuntia_basilaris" title="Opuntia basilaris">beavertail</a> (<i>Opuntia basilaris</i>), <a href="/wiki/Echinocereus" title="Echinocereus">hedgehog</a> (<i>Echinocereus</i> spp.), <a href="/wiki/Ferocactus_wislizeni" title="Ferocactus wislizeni">fishhook</a> (<i>Ferocactus wislizeni</i>), <a href="/wiki/Opuntia" title="Opuntia">prickly pear</a> (<i>Opuntia</i> spp.), <a href="/wiki/Peniocereus" title="Peniocereus">nightblooming cereus</a> (<i>Peniocereus</i> spp.), and <a href="/wiki/Stenocereus_thurberi" title="Stenocereus thurberi">organ pipe</a> (<i>Stenocereus thurberi</i>) are other taxa of cacti found here. Cacti provide food and homes to many desert mammals and birds, with showy flowers in reds, pinks, yellows, and whites, blooming most commonly from late March through June, depending on the species and seasonal temperatures. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Larrea_tridentata" title="Larrea tridentata">Creosote bush</a> (<i>Larrea tridentata</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Ambrosia_dumosa" title="Ambrosia dumosa">bur sage</a> (<i>Ambrosia dumosa</i>) dominate valley floors. <a href="/wiki/Psorothamnus_fremontii" title="Psorothamnus fremontii">Indigo bush</a> (<i>Psorothamnus fremontii</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Mormon_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon tea">Mormon tea</a> are other shrubs that may be found. <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sonoran_Desert_wildflowers" title="List of Sonoran Desert wildflowers">Wildflowers of the Sonoran Desert</a> include <a href="/wiki/Abronia_villosa" title="Abronia villosa">desert sand verbena</a> (<i>Abronia villosa</i>), <a href="/wiki/Geraea_canescens" title="Geraea canescens">desert sunflower</a> (<i>Geraea canescens</i>), and <a href="/wiki/Evening_primrose" class="mw-redirect" title="Evening primrose">evening primroses</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg/220px-Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg/330px-Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg/440px-Prosopis_velutina_Anza-Borrego.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Prosopis_velutina" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosopis velutina">Velvet mesquite</a> (<i>Prosopis velutina</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Ascending from the valley up <a href="/wiki/Bajada_(geography)" title="Bajada (geography)">bajadas</a>, various subtrees such as <a href="/wiki/Prosopis_velutina" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosopis velutina">velvet mesquite</a> (<i>Prosopis velutina</i>), <a href="/wiki/Parkinsonia_florida" title="Parkinsonia florida">palo verde</a> (<i>Parkinsonia florida</i>), <a href="/wiki/Olneya_tesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Olneya tesota">desert ironwood</a> (<i>Olneya tesota</i>), <a href="/wiki/Chilopsis_linearis" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilopsis linearis">desert willow</a> (<i>Chilopsis linearis</i> ssp. <i>arcuata</i>), and <a href="/wiki/Canotia_holacantha" title="Canotia holacantha">crucifixion thorn</a> (<i>Canotia holacantha</i>) are common, as well as multi-stemmed <a href="/wiki/Fouquieria_splendens" title="Fouquieria splendens">ocotillo</a> (<i>Fouquieria splendens</i>). Shrubs found at higher elevations include <a href="/wiki/Acacia_constricta" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia constricta">whitethorn acacia</a> (<i>Acacia constricta</i>), fairy duster, and <a href="/wiki/Jojoba" title="Jojoba">jojoba</a>. In the desert subdivisions found on Baja California, cardon cactus, elephant tree, and <a href="/wiki/Boojum_tree" title="Boojum tree">boojum tree</a> occur.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg/220px-Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg/330px-Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg/440px-Washingtonia_filifera_Anza-Borrego.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Washingtonia_filifera" title="Washingtonia filifera">Washingtonia filifera</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Anza_Borrego_Desert_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Anza Borrego Desert State Park">Anza Borrego Desert State Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Washingtonia_filifera" title="Washingtonia filifera">California fan palm</a> (<i>Washingtonia filifera</i>) is found in the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado Desert</a> section of the Sonoran Desert, the only <a href="/wiki/Native_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Native plant">native</a> palm in California, among many other introduced <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Arecaceae</a> genera and species. It is found at <a href="/wiki/Spring_(hydrosphere)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring (hydrosphere)">spring</a>-fed <a href="/wiki/Oasis" title="Oasis">oases</a>, such as in <a href="/wiki/Anza_Borrego_Desert_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Anza Borrego Desert State Park">Anza Borrego Desert State Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Tree_National_Park" title="Joshua Tree National Park">Joshua Tree National Park</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kofa_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Kofa National Wildlife Refuge">Kofa National Wildlife Refuge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sonoran_Desert_birds_(Arizona)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sonoran Desert birds (Arizona)">List of Sonoran Desert birds (Arizona)</a></div> <p>The Sonoran Desert is home to a wide variety of fauna that have adapted and thrive in the hot, arid desert environment, such as the <a href="/wiki/Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">bobcat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">mule deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antelope_jackrabbit" title="Antelope jackrabbit">antelope jackrabbit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burrowing_owl" title="Burrowing owl">burrowing owl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_roadrunner" title="Greater roadrunner">greater roadrunner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_diamondback_rattlesnake" title="Western diamondback rattlesnake">western diamondback rattlesnake</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elf_owl" title="Elf owl">elf owl</a>. There are 350 bird species, 20 amphibian species, over 100 reptile species, 30 native fish species, and over 1000 native bee species found in the Sonoran.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sonoran Desert area southeast of <a href="/wiki/Tucson" class="mw-redirect" title="Tucson">Tucson</a> and near the Mexican border is vital habitat for the only population of <a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">jaguars</a> living within the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Delta" title="Colorado River Delta">Colorado River Delta</a> was once an ecological hotspot within the Sonoran desert due to the Colorado river in this otherwise dry area, but the delta has been greatly reduced in extent due to damming and use of the river upstream. Species that have higher heat tolerance are able to thrive in the conditions of the Sonoran Desert. One such insect species that has evolved a means to thrive in this environment is <i><a href="/wiki/Drosophila_mettleri" title="Drosophila mettleri">Drosophila mettleri</a></i>, a Sonoran Desert fly. This fly contains a specialized <a href="/wiki/Cytochrome_P450" title="Cytochrome P450">P450</a> detoxification system that enables it to nest in the cool region of exudate moistened soil. 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.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crotalus cerastes in Puerto Peñasco, Mexico"><img alt="Crotalus cerastes in Puerto Peñasco, Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg/405px-Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg/608px-Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg/810px-Crotalus_cerastes_-_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Crotalus_cerastes" title="Crotalus cerastes">Crotalus cerastes</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Pe%C3%B1asco" title="Puerto Peñasco">Puerto Peñasco</a>, Mexico</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus in Phoenix, United States"><img alt="Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus in Phoenix, United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg/360px-Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg/540px-Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg/720px-Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus_-_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Campylorhynchus_brunneicapillus" class="mw-redirect" title="Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus">Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, United States</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Haemorhous mexicanus in Maricopa County, United States"><img alt="Haemorhous mexicanus in Maricopa County, United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg/360px-Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg/540px-Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg/720px-Haemorhous_mexicanus_-_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Haemorhous_mexicanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Haemorhous mexicanus">Haemorhous mexicanus</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Maricopa County">Maricopa County</a>, United States</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Callisaurus draconoides in Los Cabos, Mexico"><img alt="Callisaurus draconoides in Los Cabos, Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg/405px-Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg/607px-Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg/810px-Callisaurus_draconoides_ssp._draconoides_-_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Callisaurus_draconoides" class="mw-redirect" title="Callisaurus draconoides">Callisaurus draconoides</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Cabos_Municipality" title="Los Cabos Municipality">Los Cabos</a>, Mexico</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 239.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 237.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vanessa cardui in Riverside County, United States"><img alt="Vanessa cardui in Riverside County, United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg/356px-Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg/533px-Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg/711px-Vanessa_cardui_-_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="1422" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_cardui" title="Vanessa cardui">Vanessa cardui</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Riverside_County,_California" title="Riverside County, California">Riverside County</a>, United States</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bombus sonorus in Phoenix, United States"><img alt="Bombus sonorus in Phoenix, United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png/360px-Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png/540px-Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png/720px-Bombus_sonorus_-_2019.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Bombus_sonorus" title="Bombus sonorus">Bombus sonorus</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, United States</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_population">Human population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Human population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_North_America" title="Category:History of Indigenous peoples of North America">Category:History of Indigenous peoples of North America</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Native_American_history_of_California" title="Category:Native American history of California">Category:Native American history of California</a></div> <p>The Sonoran Desert is home to the cultures of over 17 contemporary <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> tribes, with settlements at <a href="/wiki/Category:American_Indian_reservations_in_California" title="Category:American Indian reservations in California">American Indian reservations in California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:American_Indian_reservations_in_Arizona" title="Category:American Indian reservations in Arizona">Arizona</a>, as well as populations in Mexico. </p><p>The largest city in the Sonoran Desert is <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a>, with a 2017 metropolitan population of about 4.7 million.<sup id="cite_ref-U.S._Census_website_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-U.S._Census_website-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located on the <a href="/wiki/Salt_River_(Arizona)" title="Salt River (Arizona)">Salt River</a> in central Arizona, it is one of the fastest-growing <a href="/wiki/United_States_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="United States metropolitan area">metropolitan areas</a> in the United States. In 2007 in the Phoenix area, desert was losing ground to <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a> at a rate of approximately 4,000 square meters (1 acre) per hour.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The next largest cities are <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a>, in southern Arizona, with a metro area population of just over 1 million,<sup id="cite_ref-census_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mexicali,_Baja_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexicali, Baja California">Mexicali, Baja California</a>, with a similarly sized metropolitan population of around 1,000,000. The metropolitan area of <a href="/wiki/Hermosillo,_Sonora" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermosillo, Sonora">Hermosillo, Sonora</a>, has a population close to 900,000. <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Obreg%C3%B3n,_Sonora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciudad Obregón, Sonora">Ciudad Obregón, Sonora</a>, in the southern part of the desert, has a population of 375,800.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="California">California</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: California"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a>, located in the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado Desert</a> section of the Sonoran Desert, has a population of 365,000. Several famous <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a> desert resort cities such as <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert,_California" title="Palm Desert, California">Palm Desert</a> are located here. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg/220px-Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg/330px-Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg/440px-Gateway_to_the_Springs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3484" data-file-height="2255" /></a><figcaption>The entrance to <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs, California</a> via <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_62" title="California State Route 62">Highway 62</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the winter months, from November to April, the daytime temperatures in the Coachella Valley range from 70 °F (21 °C) to 90 °F (32 °C) and corresponding nighttime lows range from 46 °F (8 °C) to 68 °F (20 °C) making it a popular winter resort destination. Due to its warm year-round climate <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> and subtropical fruits such as mangoes, figs, and dates are grown in the Coachella Valley and adjacent <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley" title="Imperial Valley">Imperial Valley</a>. The Imperial Valley has a total population of over 180,000 and has a similar climate to that of the Coachella Valley. Other cities include <a href="/wiki/Borrego_Springs,_California" title="Borrego Springs, California">Borrego Springs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indio,_California" title="Indio, California">Indio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coachella,_California" title="Coachella, California">Coachella</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calexico,_California" title="Calexico, California">Calexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Centro,_California" title="El Centro, California">El Centro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial,_California" title="Imperial, California">Imperial</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blythe,_California" title="Blythe, California">Blythe</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States–Mexico_border_region"><span id="United_States.E2.80.93Mexico_border_region"></span>United States–Mexico border region</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States–Mexico border region"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mexico-United_States_border_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexico-United States border crisis">Mexico-United States border crisis</a></div> <p>Straddling the <a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Mexico–United States border">Mexico–United States border</a>, the Sonoran desert is an important migration corridor for humans and animals. The harsh climate conditions and border militarism mean that the journey can be perilous, usually moving at night to minimize exposure to the heat.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protected_areas">Protected areas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Protected areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sondes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Sondes.jpg/170px-Sondes.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Sondes.jpg/255px-Sondes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Sondes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Gold_Poppy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Gold Poppy">Mexican goldpoppies</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert_National_Monument" title="Sonoran Desert National Monument">Sonoran Desert National Monument</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There are many National Parks and Monuments; federal and state <a href="/wiki/Nature_reserve" title="Nature reserve">nature reserves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_refuge" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife refuge">wildlife refuges</a>; state, county, and city parks; and government or nonprofit group operated <a href="/wiki/Natural_history_museum" title="Natural history museum">natural history museums</a>, science research institutes, and <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden" title="Botanical garden">botanical gardens</a> and desert landscape gardens. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_of_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="Category:Protected areas of the Sonoran Desert">Index: Protected areas of the Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_of_the_Colorado_Desert" title="Category:Protected areas of the Colorado Desert">Index: Protected areas of the Colorado Desert</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sonoran Desert protected areas include</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona-Sonora_Desert_Museum" title="Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum">Arizona–Sonora Desert Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert_National_Monument" title="Sonoran Desert National Monument">Sonoran Desert National Monument</a> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyce_Thompson_Arboretum_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyce Thompson Arboretum State Park">Boyce Thompson Arboretum State Park</a> – <i>Sonoran Desert flora arboretum</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anza-Borrego_Desert_State_Park" title="Anza-Borrego Desert State Park">Anza–Borrego Desert State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_Pipe_Cactus_National_Monument" title="Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument">Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguaro_National_Park" title="Saguaro National Park">Saguaro National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Tree_National_Park" title="Joshua Tree National Park">Joshua Tree National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacate_Peaks" title="Pinacate Peaks">Reserva de la Biosfera el Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar</a> – <i>Pinacate National Park, in Sonora, Mexico</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indio_Hills_Palms" title="Indio Hills Palms">Indio Hills Palms State Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Coachella Valley National Wildlife Refuge">Coachella Valley National Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabeza_Prieta_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge">Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofa_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Kofa National Wildlife Refuge">Kofa National Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Mountain_Park" title="South Mountain Park">South Mountain Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Arthropod_Studies_Institute" title="Sonoran Arthropod Studies Institute">Sonoran Arthropod Studies Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyline_Regional_Park" title="Skyline Regional Park">Skyline Regional Park</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dust_storm" title="Dust storm">Dust storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts_by_area" title="List of deserts by area">List of deserts by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_the_United_States_(EPA)" title="List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)">List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)</a> (the Sonoran Basin and Range is item 81 on the map)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_the_United_States_(WWF)" title="List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)">List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert">Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="Category:Mountain ranges of the Sonoran Desert">Category:Mountain ranges of the Sonoran Desert</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sonoran+Desert%3A+An+Overview+of+the+Sonoran+Desert+by+William+G.+McGinnies&rft.date=2003-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falic.arid.arizona.edu%2Fsonoran%2Fdocuments%2Fmcginnies%2FMcGinnies_overview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110202042819/http://www.bajaquest.com/penasco/pinacate.htm">"Pinacate Rocky Point Puerto Peñasco Sonora Mexico"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bajaquest.com/penasco/pinacate.htm">the original</a> on 2011-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pinacate+Rocky+Point+Puerto+Pe%C3%B1asco+Sonora+Mexico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bajaquest.com%2Fpenasco%2Fpinacate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlemingValiente-Banuet2021" class="citation book cs1">Fleming, Theodore H.; Valiente-Banuet, Alfonso (2021-11-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G9dOEAAAQBAJ&dq=Desert+history+Sonoran+desert&pg=PA3"><i>Columnar Cacti and Their Mutualists: Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation</i></a>. University of Arizona Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8165-4742-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8165-4742-5"><bdi>978-0-8165-4742-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columnar+Cacti+and+Their+Mutualists%3A+Evolution%2C+Ecology%2C+and+Conservation&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2021-11-30&rft.isbn=978-0-8165-4742-5&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Theodore+H.&rft.au=Valiente-Banuet%2C+Alfonso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG9dOEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DDesert%2Bhistory%2BSonoran%2Bdesert%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PRISM-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PRISM_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prism.oregonstate.edu/explorer/">"PRISM"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PRISM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprism.oregonstate.edu%2Fexplorer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/sagu/planyourvisit/upload/Saguaro-Brochure.pdf">"The Saguaro Cactus"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>nps.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nps.gov&rft.atitle=The+Saguaro+Cactus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fsagu%2Fplanyourvisit%2Fupload%2FSaguaro-Brochure.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MacMahon, J. A. <i>Deserts</i>. 1986, 638 pages</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hogan, C. M. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=90942">California Fan Palm: <i>Washingtonia filifera</i>, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090930184850/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=90942">Archived</a> 2009-09-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2005/1/survivingsonoran.cfm">Surviving the Sonoran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100430061202/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2005/1/survivingsonoran.cfm">Archived</a> 2010-04-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.envsci.nau.edu/scbs/students/2004_newell/Jaguar%20web%20site/conservation.html">The Jaguar in the Borderlands of Arizona, New Mexico and Northern Mexico: Conservation – Threats & Strategies</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090330143949/http://www.envsci.nau.edu/scbs/students/2004_newell/Jaguar%20web%20site/conservation.html">Archived</a> 2009-03-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-U.S._Census_website-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-U.S._Census_website_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://researchmag.asu.edu/stories/ewan.html">Make No Small Plans</a>, Adelheid Fischer, <i>ASU Research</i> magazine. Accessed on line October 15, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/CBSA-EST2006-01.csv">Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006 (CBSA-EST2006-01)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070914155415/http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/CBSA-EST2006-01.csv">Archived</a> September 14, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, 2007-04-05. Accessed 2007-09-11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dgeiawf.semarnat.gob.mx:8080/ibi_apps/WFServlet?IBIF_ex=D1_SISCDS01_06&IBIC_user=dgeia_mce&IBIC_pass=dgeia_mce&NOMBREENTIDAD=*&NOMBREANIO=*">"Población en municipios de zonas metropolitanas"</a>. <i>SEMARNAT</i>. 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SEMARNAT&rft.atitle=Poblaci%C3%B3n+en+municipios+de+zonas+metropolitanas&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdgeiawf.semarnat.gob.mx%3A8080%2Fibi_apps%2FWFServlet%3FIBIF_ex%3DD1_SISCDS01_06%26IBIC_user%3Ddgeia_mce%26IBIC_pass%3Ddgeia_mce%26NOMBREENTIDAD%3D%2A%26NOMBREANIO%3D%2A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASonoran+Desert" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21029783">Arizona: Naming the dead from the desert</a>, BBC News, 17 January 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Sonoran_Desert_National_Monument" title="Sonoran Desert National Monument">Sonoran Desert National Monument</a> was created in 2001 in Arizona, to enhance protection of the unique resources of the Sonoran Desert, with 2,008 square kilometers (496,000 acres).<br />:Reference: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blm.gov/az/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/natmon/son_des.html">Sonoran Desert National Monument</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090126014634/http://www.blm.gov/az/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/natmon/son_des.html">Archived</a> 2009-01-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Bureau of Land Management, U. S. Department of the Interior. Accessed on line June 17, 2009.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Sonoran Desert</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sonoran_Desert" class="extiw" title="c:Sonoran Desert">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sustainability_and_Sense_of_Place_in_the_Sonoran_Desert" class="extiw" title="b:Sustainability and Sense of Place in the Sonoran Desert">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/California_Desert" class="extiw" title="voy:California Desert">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desertmuseum.org/">Arizona–Sonora Desert Museum</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.desertmuseum.org/images/csds/sonoran_map-lg.jpg">Map of the Sonoran Desert Ecoregion</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.desertmuseum.org/desert/sonora.php">Sonoran Desert and its subdivisions</a> – <i>with photos</i>.</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oneworldjourneys.com/sonoran/hist_timeline.html">Timeline of the Sonoran desert</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030121161839/http://alic.arid.arizona.edu/sonoran/documents/mcginnies/McGinnies_overview.html"><i>An Overview of the Sonoran Desert</i>, by William G. McGinnies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arizonensis.org/sonoran/">The Sonoran Desert Naturalist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dana.ucc.nau.edu/~are-p/road_map/eco/geology.html#sonoran">Very short overview of Sonoran Desert Geology</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/ecoregions/51310frame.htm">Sonoran Desert images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/ecoregions/51310.htm">slow modem version</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isdanet.org">International Sonoran Desert Alliance</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613193141/http://content.lib.utah.edu/u/?%2Fwss%2C2460">Sounds of the Sonoran Desert</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks_and_recreation_areas">Parks and recreation areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Parks and recreation areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090126014634/http://www.blm.gov/az/st/en/prog/blm_special_areas/natmon/son_des.html">Sonoran Desert National Monument: official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/sagu/">Saguaro National Park: official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=638">Anza–Borrego Desert State: official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/orpi">Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument: official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm">Joshua Tree National Park: official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000424121927/http://www.ci.phoenix.az.us/PARKS/hikesoth.html">South Mountain Park – Preserve</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://azstateparks.com/desert-plants">Arizona State Parks: official website (desert plants)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Deserts" title="Template:Deserts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Deserts" title="Template talk:Deserts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Deserts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Deserts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_deserts534" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">World <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">deserts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">Desertification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_desert" title="Polar desert">Polar desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts" title="List of deserts">List of deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts_by_area" title="List of deserts by area">List of deserts by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_exploration" title="Desert exploration">Desert exploration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Africa" title="List of deserts">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Desert" title="Algerian Desert">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayuda_Desert" title="Bayuda Desert">Bayuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Desert_(Egypt)" title="Black Desert (Egypt)">Black Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Desert" title="Blue Desert">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalbi_Desert" title="Chalbi Desert">Chalbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danakil_Desert" title="Danakil Desert">Danakil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djurab_Desert" title="Djurab Desert">Djurab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Desert" title="Eastern Desert">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferlo_Desert" title="Ferlo Desert">Ferlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farafra,_Egypt" title="Farafra, Egypt">Farafra (White)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalahari_Desert" title="Kalahari Desert">Kalahari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Desert" title="Libyan Desert">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo%C3%A7%C3%A2medes_Desert" title="Moçâmedes Desert">Moçâmedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namib" title="Namib">Namib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubian_Desert" title="Nubian Desert">Nubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyiri_Desert" title="Nyiri Desert">Nyiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaine_des_Sables" title="Plaine des Sables">Plaine des Sables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richtersveld" title="Richtersveld">Richtersveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanezrouft" title="Tanezrouft">Tanezrouft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9n%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="Ténéré">Ténéré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Desert" title="Western Desert">Western</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Asia" title="List of deserts">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad-Dahna_Desert" title="Ad-Dahna Desert">Ad-Dahna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Nafud" class="mw-redirect" title="An Nafud">Nefud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Desert" title="Arabian Desert">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaean_Desert" title="Judaean Desert">Judaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlat_al-Sab%27atayn" title="Ramlat al-Sab'atayn">Ramlat al-Sab'atayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rub%27_al_Khali" title="Rub' al Khali">Rub' al Khali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert" title="Syrian Desert">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahiba_Sands" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahiba Sands">Wahiba Sands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Karakum_Desert" title="Aral Karakum Desert">Aral Karakum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barsuki_Desert" title="Barsuki Desert">Barsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betpak-Dala" title="Betpak-Dala">Betpak-Dala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Naomid" title="Dasht-e Naomid">Dasht-e Naomid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakum_Desert" title="Karakum Desert">Karakum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyzylkum_Desert" title="Kyzylkum Desert">Kyzylkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moiynkum_Desert" title="Moiynkum Desert">Moiynkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryn_Desert" title="Ryn Desert">Ryn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saryesik-Atyrau_Desert" title="Saryesik-Atyrau Desert">Saryesik-Atyrau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarykum" title="Sarykum">Sarykum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taukum" title="Taukum">Taukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustyurt_Plateau" title="Ustyurt Plateau">Ustyurt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badain_Jaran_Desert" title="Badain Jaran Desert">Badain Jaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobi_Desert" title="Gobi Desert">Gobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurbant%C3%BCngg%C3%BCt_Desert" title="Gurbantünggüt Desert">Gurbantünggüt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hami_Desert" title="Hami Desert">Hami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lop_Desert" title="Lop Desert">Lop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumtag_Desert" title="Kumtag Desert">Kumtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_Desert" title="Ordos Desert">Ordos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kubuqi_Desert" title="Kubuqi Desert">Kubuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Us_Desert" title="Mu Us Desert">Mu Us</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaidam_Basin" title="Qaidam Basin">Qaidam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taklamakan_Desert" title="Taklamakan Desert">Taklamakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengger_Desert" title="Tengger Desert">Tengger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cholistan_Desert" title="Cholistan Desert">Cholistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Desert" title="Indus Valley Desert">Indus Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katpana_Desert" title="Katpana Desert">Katpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharan_Desert" title="Kharan Desert">Kharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thal_Desert" title="Thal Desert">Thal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Thar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Kavir" title="Dasht-e Kavir">Kavir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Khash" title="Dasht-e Khash">Khash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Leili" title="Dasht-e Leili">Leili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Lut" title="Dasht-e Lut">Lut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Margo" title="Dasht-e Margo">Margo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasht-e_Naomid" title="Dasht-e Naomid">Naomid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polond_Desert" title="Polond Desert">Polond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registan_Desert" title="Registan Desert">Registan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Paz_Sand_Dunes" title="La Paz Sand Dunes">La Paz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Europe" title="List of deserts">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bardenas_Reales" title="Bardenas Reales">Bardenas Reales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabo_de_Gata-N%C3%ADjar_Natural_Park" title="Cabo de Gata-Níjar Natural Park">Cabo de Gata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monegros_Desert" title="Monegros Desert">Monegros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleshky_Sands" title="Oleshky Sands">Oleshky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabernas_Desert" title="Tabernas Desert">Tabernas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deliblatska_Pe%C5%A1%C4%8Dara" title="Deliblatska Peščara">Deliblato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#North_America" title="List of deserts">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvord_Desert" title="Alvord Desert">Alvord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amargosa_Desert" title="Amargosa Desert">Amargosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_desert" title="Baja California desert">Baja California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rock_Desert" title="Black Rock Desert">Black Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcross_Desert" title="Carcross Desert">Carcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carson_Desert" title="Carson Desert">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channeled_Scablands" title="Channeled Scablands">Channeled scablands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_Desert" title="Chihuahuan Desert">Chihuahuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalante_Desert" title="Escalante Desert">Escalante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Mile_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Forty Mile Desert">Forty Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Desierto_de_Altar" title="Gran Desierto de Altar">Gran Desierto de Altar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Great Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Salt_Lake_Desert" title="Great Salt Lake Desert">Great Salt Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Desert_(Oregon)" title="High Desert (Oregon)">Great Sandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jornada_del_Muerto" title="Jornada del Muerto">Jornada del Muerto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%CA%BB%C5%AB_Desert" title="Kaʻū Desert">Kaʻū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechuguilla_Desert" title="Lechuguilla Desert">Lechuguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Arctic" title="North American Arctic">North American Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owyhee_Desert" title="Owyhee Desert">Owyhee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Desert_(Arizona)" title="Painted Desert (Arizona)">Painted Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Desert_(Wyoming)" title="Red Desert (Wyoming)">Red Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevier_Desert" title="Sevier Desert">Sevier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_Creek_Desert" title="Smoke Creek Desert">Smoke Creek</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sonoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonopah_Desert" title="Tonopah Desert">Tonopah Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tule_Desert_(Arizona)" title="Tule Desert (Arizona)">Tule (Arizona)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tule_Desert_(Nevada)" title="Tule Desert (Nevada)">Tule (Nevada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuha_Desert" title="Yuha Desert">Yuha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_Desert" title="Yuma Desert">Yuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Oceania" title="List of deserts">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Australia" title="List of deserts">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibson_Desert" title="Gibson Desert">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sandy_Desert" title="Great Sandy Desert">Great Sandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Victoria_Desert" title="Great Victoria Desert">Great Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Sandy_Desert" title="Little Sandy Desert">Little Sandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nullarbor_Plain" title="Nullarbor Plain">Nullarbor Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Desert_(South_Australia)" title="Painted Desert (South Australia)">Painted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedirka_Desert" title="Pedirka Desert">Pedirka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simpson_Desert" title="Simpson Desert">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strzelecki_Desert" title="Strzelecki Desert">Strzelecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturt_Stony_Desert" title="Sturt Stony Desert">Sturt Stony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanami_Desert" title="Tanami Desert">Tanami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirari_Desert" title="Tirari Desert">Tirari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#New_Zealand" title="List of deserts">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rangipo_Desert" title="Rangipo Desert">Rangipo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#South_America" title="List of deserts">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atacama_Desert" title="Atacama Desert">Atacama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Guajira_Desert" title="La Guajira Desert">La Guajira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9danos_de_Coro_National_Park" title="Médanos de Coro National Park">Los Médanos de Coro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Desert" title="Monte Desert">Monte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_Desert" title="Patagonian Desert">Patagonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sechura_Desert" title="Sechura Desert">Sechura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatacoa_Desert" title="Tatacoa Desert">Tatacoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Polar_regions" title="List of deserts">Polar regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Antarctic" title="List of deserts">Antarctic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_Desert" title="Meyer Desert">Meyer Desert</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deserts#Arctic" title="List of deserts">Arctic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Arctic" title="North American Arctic">North American Arctic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_North_(Russia)" title="Far North (Russia)">Russian Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deserts" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Deserts">Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts" title="Category:Deserts">Category</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Deserts" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Deserts">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Colorado_River_system159" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Colorado_River_system" title="Template:Colorado River system"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Colorado_River_system" title="Template talk:Colorado River system"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Colorado_River_system" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Colorado River system"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Colorado_River_system159" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> system</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jurisdictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>United States <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></span></li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Topockgorge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Topockgorge.jpg/100px-Topockgorge.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Topockgorge.jpg/150px-Topockgorge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Topockgorge.jpg/200px-Topockgorge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg/100px-Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg/150px-Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg/200px-Glen_Canyon_Dam_MC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="2917" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colorado_River05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Colorado_River05.jpg/100px-Colorado_River05.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Colorado_River05.jpg/150px-Colorado_River05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Colorado_River05.jpg/200px-Colorado_River05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2482" data-file-height="1648" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colorado_River_Avi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Colorado_River_Avi.JPG/100px-Colorado_River_Avi.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Colorado_River_Avi.JPG/150px-Colorado_River_Avi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Colorado_River_Avi.JPG/200px-Colorado_River_Avi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HooverDamFrontWater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/HooverDamFrontWater.jpg/100px-HooverDamFrontWater.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/HooverDamFrontWater.jpg/150px-HooverDamFrontWater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/HooverDamFrontWater.jpg/200px-HooverDamFrontWater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="758" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canyons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byers_Canyon" title="Byers Canyon">Byers Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore_Canyon" title="Gore Canyon">Gore Canyon</a></li> <li>Red Gorge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenwood_Canyon" title="Glenwood Canyon">Glenwood Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Beque_Canyon" title="De Beque Canyon">De Beque Canyon</a></li> <li>Horsethief Canyon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Canyon" title="Ruby Canyon">Ruby Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwater_Canyon" title="Westwater Canyon">Westwater Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataract_Canyon" title="Cataract Canyon">Cataract Canyon</a></li> <li>Narrow Canyon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Canyon" title="Glen Canyon">Glen Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Marble_Canyon" title="Marble Canyon">Marble Canyon</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Granite Gorge</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Middle Granite Gorge</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">Lower Granite Gorge</span></li></ul></li> <li>Grand Wash Canyon</li> <li>Iceberg Canyon</li> <li>Virgin Canyon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Canyon_(Colorado_River)" title="Boulder Canyon (Colorado River)">Boulder Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canyon_of_the_Colorado" title="Black Canyon of the Colorado">Black Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_Canyon" title="Pyramid Canyon">Pyramid Canyon</a></li> <li>Mohave Canyon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Course_of_the_Colorado_River" title="Course of the Colorado River">River course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado River Basin">Colorado River Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Plateau" title="Colorado Plateau">Colorado Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Lake_(Colorado)" title="Grand Lake (Colorado)">Grand Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseshoe_Bend_(Arizona)" title="Horseshoe Bend (Arizona)">Horseshoe Bend</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Colorado_River_Valley" title="Lower Colorado River Valley">Lower Colorado River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_Valley" title="Mohave Valley">Mohave Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Valley" title="Parker Valley">Parker Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Verde_Valley" title="Palo Verde Valley">Palo Verde Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Desert" title="Colorado Desert">Colorado Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_River" title="Alamo River">Alamo River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_River_(Mexico%E2%80%93United_States)" title="New River (Mexico–United States)">New River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salton_Sea" title="Salton Sea">Salton Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Valley" title="Imperial Valley">Imperial Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Delta" title="Colorado River Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Island_(Baja_California)" title="Montague Island (Baja California)">Montague Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California/Sea of Cortez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tributaries_of_the_Colorado_River" title="List of tributaries of the Colorado River">Tributaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_River_(Colorado)" title="Blue River (Colorado)">Blue River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_Devil_River" title="Dirty Devil River">Dirty Devil River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_River" title="Dolores River">Dolores River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalante_River" title="Escalante River">Escalante River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_River_(Colorado)" title="Eagle River (Colorado)">Eagle River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_River_(Colorado)" title="Fraser River (Colorado)">Fraser River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_River" title="Gila River">Gila River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_River_(Colorado_River_tributary)" title="Green River (Colorado River tributary)">Green River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnison_River" title="Gunnison River">Gunnison River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanab_Creek" title="Kanab Creek">Kanab Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Colorado_River" title="Little Colorado River">Little Colorado River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paria_River" title="Paria River">Paria River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Fork_River" title="Roaring Fork River">Roaring Fork River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_River_(Colorado_River_tributary)" title="San Juan River (Colorado River tributary)">San Juan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_River_(Tapeats_Creek_tributary)" title="Thunder River (Tapeats Creek tributary)">Thunder River</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tapeats_Creek" title="Tapeats Creek">Tapeats Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_River" title="Virgin River">Virgin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Wash" title="Las Vegas Wash">Las Vegas Wash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_Fork_(Colorado_River_tributary)" title="Williams Fork (Colorado River tributary)">Williams Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardy_River" title="Hardy River">Río Hardy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_in_the_Colorado_River_system" title="List of dams in the Colorado River system">Mainstem dams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Mountain_Dam" title="Shadow Mountain Dam">Shadow Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granby_Dam" title="Granby Dam">Granby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windy_Gap_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Windy Gap Dam (page does not exist)">Windy Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Valley_Diversion_Dam" title="Grand Valley Diversion Dam">Grand Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Price-Stubb_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Price-Stubb Dam (page does not exist)">Price-Stubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Canyon_Dam" title="Glen Canyon Dam">Glen Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam" title="Hoover Dam">Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Dam" title="Davis Dam">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Dam" title="Parker Dam">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Headgate_Rock_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Headgate Rock Dam (page does not exist)">Headgate Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Verde_Dam" title="Palo Verde Dam">Palo Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Dam" title="Imperial Dam">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Diversion_Dam" title="Laguna Diversion Dam">Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morelos_Dam" title="Morelos Dam">Morelos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major reservoirs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fontenelle_Reservoir" title="Fontenelle Reservoir">Fontenelle Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaming_Gorge_Reservoir" title="Flaming Gorge Reservoir">Flaming Gorge Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mesa_Reservoir" title="Blue Mesa Reservoir">Blue Mesa Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_Lake" title="Navajo Lake">Navajo Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Powell" title="Lake Powell">Lake Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mead" title="Lake Mead">Lake Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mohave" title="Lake Mohave">Lake Mohave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Havasu" title="Lake Havasu">Lake Havasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Reservoir" title="Imperial Reservoir">Imperial Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Lake" title="Theodore Roosevelt Lake">Theodore Roosevelt Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_Lake" title="San Carlos Lake">San Carlos Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aqueducts and<br />canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Ditch" title="Grand Ditch">Grand Ditch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Aqueduct" title="Colorado River Aqueduct">Colorado River Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Aqueduct" title="San Diego Aqueduct">San Diego Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Arizona_Project" title="Central Arizona Project">Central Arizona Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-American_Canal" title="All-American Canal">All-American Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Canal" title="Alamo Canal">Alamo Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachella_Canal" title="Coachella Canal">Coachella Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Water projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Canyon_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Boulder Canyon Project">Boulder Canyon Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado%E2%80%93Big_Thompson_Project" title="Colorado–Big Thompson Project">Colorado–Big Thompson Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Storage_Project" title="Colorado River Storage Project">Colorado River Storage Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Valley_AVA" title="Grand Valley AVA">Grand Valley AVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_Project" title="Yuma Project">Yuma Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designated areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arches_National_Park" title="Arches National Park">Arches National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyonlands_National_Park" title="Canyonlands National Park">Canyonlands National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_National_Monument" title="Colorado National Monument">Colorado National Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Horse_Point_State_Park" title="Dead Horse Point State Park">Dead Horse Point State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Canyon_National_Recreation_Area" title="Glen Canyon National Recreation Area">Glen Canyon National Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_National_Park" title="Grand Canyon National Park">Grand Canyon National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mead_National_Recreation_Area" title="Lake Mead National Recreation Area">Lake Mead National Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_National_Park" title="Rocky Mountain National Park">Rocky Mountain National Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arizona_v._California" title="Arizona v. California">Arizona v. California</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Board_of_California" title="Colorado River Board of California">Colorado River Board of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Compact" title="Colorado River Compact">Colorado River Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Dominy" title="Floyd Dominy">Floyd Dominy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee%27s_Ferry" class="mw-redirect" title="Lee's Ferry">Lee's Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Boundary_and_Water_Commission" title="International Boundary and Water Commission">International Boundary and Water Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Water_District_of_Southern_California" title="Metropolitan Water District of Southern California">Metropolitan Water District of Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colorado_River_rapids_and_features" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Colorado River rapids and features">Rapids and features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation" title="United States Bureau of Reclamation">U.S. Bureau of Reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mulholland" title="William Mulholland">William Mulholland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189429#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1296" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4055598-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85125267">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120485117">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120485117">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sonorská poušť (Mexiko a Spojené státy americké)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge933531&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007558330605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028703197">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&oldid=1277393486">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sonoran_Desert&oldid=1277393486</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sonoran_Desert" title="Category:Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Basin_and_Range_Province" title="Category:Basin and Range Province">Basin and Range Province</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Deserts and xeric shrublands in the United States">Deserts and xeric shrublands in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_and_xeric_shrublands" title="Category:Deserts and xeric shrublands">Deserts and xeric shrublands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_Arizona" title="Category:Deserts of Arizona">Deserts of Arizona</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_California" title="Category:Deserts of California">Deserts of California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_Mexico" title="Category:Deserts of Mexico">Deserts of Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_North_America" title="Category:Deserts of North America">Deserts of North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_the_Lower_Colorado_River_Valley" title="Category:Deserts of the Lower Colorado River Valley">Deserts of the Lower Colorado River Valley</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ecoregions_of_Mexico" title="Category:Ecoregions of Mexico">Ecoregions of Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ecoregions_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Ecoregions of the United States">Ecoregions of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Floristic_provinces" title="Category:Floristic provinces">Floristic provinces</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Southern_California" title="Category:Geography of Southern California">Geography of Southern California</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geologic_provinces_of_California" title="Category:Geologic provinces of California">Geologic 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