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<!DOCTYPE html><html class="no-js" lang="de" data-color-scheme=""><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" data-meta-viewport="true" name="viewport"/><meta content="ie=edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta content="origin-when-cross-origin" name="referrer"/><meta content="268419256515542" property="fb:app_id"/><meta content="false" property="article:opinion"/><meta content="2012-03-03T10:44:18Z" property="article:published_time"/><meta content="metered" property="article:content_tier"/><meta content="article" property="og:type"/><meta content="S眉ddeutsche.de" property="og:site_name"/><meta content="de_DE" property="og:locale"/><meta content="Putins wahre Gegner" data-manual="title" property="og:title"/><meta content="" data-manual="googleTeaserText" property="og:description"/><meta content="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/2022/06/21/74b50944-dcf3-4dc4-a910-91b61b318831.jpeg?q=60&fm=webp&width=1200&rect=0%2C141%2C1349%2C759" data-manual-remove="true" property="og:image"/><meta content="1200" data-manual-remove="true" property="og:image:width"/><meta content="675" data-manual-remove="true" property="og:image:height"/><meta content="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/proteste-in-russland-putins-wahre-gegner-1.1298596" data-manual="url" property="og:url"/><meta content="summary_large_image" name="twitter:card"/><meta content="@SZ" name="twitter:site"/><meta content="on" name="twitter:dnt"/><meta content="app-id=338711072, app-argument=sdeapp://article/sz.1.1298596" name="apple-itunes-app"/><link data-manual="url" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/proteste-in-russland-putins-wahre-gegner-1.1298596" rel="canonical"/><meta content="Hannah Beitzer" data-manual="author" name="author"/><meta content="index,follow,noarchive,max-image-preview:large" name="robots"/><meta content="Wahlen in Russland,Wladimir Putin,Russland,Politik,S眉ddeutsche Zeitung" data-manual="theme, department" name="keywords"/><meta content="" data-manual="googleTeaserText" name="description"/><meta content="S眉ddeutsche.de GmbH, Munich, Germany" name="copyright"/><meta content="kontakt@sueddeutsche.de" name="email"/><script data-manual-remove="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","about":"Wahlen in Russland","articleBody":"Seit den Parlamentswahlen im Dezember 2011 gingen in Russland Tausende Menschen auf die Stra脽e, um f眉r mehr Demokratie zu demonstrieren. Doch wer steckt eigentlich hinter den Protesten?\nKritische Blogger\nSeitdem Wladimir Putin zu Beginn seiner Amtszeit fast alle gro脽en Medien unter staatliche Kontrolle gebracht hat, gilt das Internet in Russland als Insel der Meinungsfreiheit. Vor allem auf der Plattform Livejournal.com tummeln sich zahlreiche regierungskritische Blogger - der bekannteste von ihnen wurde zu einem der K枚pfe der Proteste: Alexej Nawalny. Der Anwalt wurde mit seinem Blog gegen die allgegenw盲rtige Korruption in Russland bekannt. Von ihm stammt die Bezeichnung \"Partei der Gauner und Diebe\" f眉r die Kreml-Partei Einiges Russland. Bei den Protesten im Dezember wurde er verhaftet und sa脽 gut zwei Wochen im Gef盲ngnis - w盲hrenddessen bef眉llten Freunde seinen Blog . Nawalny ist allerdings nicht ganz unumstritten: Er schreckt nicht vor nationalistischen Parolen zur眉ck und beteiligte sich an Aktionen , die sich vor allem gegen die Bewohner des Kaukasus聽richten.\nUmweltaktivisten\nSelbst als Wladimir Putin noch Popularit盲tswerte von nahezu 100 Prozent hatte, gab es schon eine Gruppe, die ihn nicht besonders leiden konnte: Umweltsch眉tzer. Ihr Protest entz眉ndete sich vor allem an der geplanten Rohdung eines Waldst眉cks nahe der kleinen Stadt Chimki, die wenige Kilometer von Moskau entfernt liegt. Dort sollte unter anderem eine Autobahn von Moskau nach Sankt Petersburg gebaut werden. Die Proteste waren ein kleiner Vorgeschmack darauf, was man nun auf Russlands Stra脽en beobachten kann: Zahlreiche Anwohner begehrten gegen die Abholzung auf, die Medien berichteten 眉ber die Demonstrationen - nicht ohne Folgen: ein Journalist, der kritisch 眉ber das Projekt berichtete, wurde ins Koma gepr眉gelt . Eines der bekanntesten Gesichter der Umweltbewegung ist Jewgenija Tschirikowa. Ihr wurde mit dem Entzug des Sorgerechts f眉r ihre Kinder gedroht, einige ihrer Mitstreiter wurden聽zusammengeschlagen.\nOppositionelle Journalisten\nOppositionelle Journalisten leiden besonders unter Putin: Schon kurz nachdem dieser im Jahr 2000 das Pr盲sidentenamt von Boris Jelzin 眉bernommen hatte, begann er, die Medien auf Linie zu bringen . Er konzentrierte sich dabei besonders auf das Fernsehen, das Medium mit der gr枚脽ten Reichweite und dem gr枚脽ten Einfluss auf die Meinung der Bev枚lkerung. Der kremlkritische Fernsehsender NTW wurde von dem teilstaatlichen Konzern Gazprom 眉bernommen, auch der pro-westliche Sender ORT geriet unter Kontrolle des Kreml. Journalisten, die dennoch kritisch 眉ber Putin und seine Politik berichten, leben seitdem gef盲hrlich: Immer wieder werden F盲lle bekannt, in denen Reporter eingesch眉chtert, zusammengeschlagen oder gar get枚tet wurden. Das bekannteste Opfer ist wohl die 2006 get枚tete Journalistin Anna Politikowskaja - ihre M枚rder sind bis heute nicht belangt worden. Kein Wunder also, dass sich auch viele Journalisten unter den Putin-Gegnern finden. Zum Beispiel Leonid Parfjonow : Der namhafte Fernsehjournalist wurde 2004 vom Sender NTW gefeuert, als er gegen die Zensur aufbegehrte. Oder auch die Fernsehjournalistin Olga Romanowa: Das Gr眉ndungsmitglied der \"Liga der W盲hler\" setzte sich f眉r die Freilassung ihres wegen Wirtschaftsverbrechen inhaftierten Ehemannes Alexej Koslow聽ein.\nK眉nstler\nAuch zahlreiche K眉nstler k枚nnen mit Putin nicht viel anfangen. Der popul盲re Krimiautor Boris Akunin, dessen historische Romane um den Agenten Fandorin auch in Deutschland bekannt sind, setzt sich unter anderem f眉r die Freilassung des inhaftierten 脰lmagnaten Michail Chodorkowski ein. Als er gemerkt habe, wie viele Menschen gegen das System von Wladimir Putin seien, habe es f眉r ihn kein Zur眉ck mehr gegeben, beschreibt er sein聽Engagement.\nDer Journalist und Dichter Dmitrij Bikow ist Teil des Projekts \"B眉rgerdichter\". Er schreibt Verse 眉ber Putin und die Politik, die von einem Schauspieler vorgetragen und im Internet gepostet werden. Am bekanntesten ist aber sicher Jurij Schewtschuk. Der S盲nger der Rockband DDT spricht bei Konzerten 眉ber Politik und nimmt regelm盲脽ig an Demonstrationen teil. 2010 kritisierte er gegen眉ber Putin vor laufenden Kameras die Einschr盲nkung der Freiheitsrechte. Legend盲r sind inzwischen auch die Sponti-Auftritte der Punkband Pussy Riot. Mit Neonstr眉mpfen, Sturmhauben und F盲kalsprache schockiert die Underground-Gruppe Russlands Establishment - und will Putin eigenen Aussagen zufolge zu Fall bringen .\nMenschenrechtler\nViele von ihnen tr盲umten schon w盲hrend der Sowjetunion von mehr Demokratie - vergeblich, wie sich nach dem Amtsantritt Wladimir Putins im Jahr 2000 herausstellte. Die fr眉here Dissidentin Ljudmila Alexejewa zum Beispiel setzt sich seit Jahrzehnten f眉r die Menschenrechte in ihrem Heimatland ein. Sie ist Menschenrechtsberaterin des Pr盲sidenten - und in dieser Funktion oft genug frustriert. Denn auch Menschenrechtler leben in Russland gef盲hrlich, vor allem, wenn sie sich mit der Situation im Kaukasus besch盲ftigen: So wurden zum Beispiel 2009 die Aktivistin Natalja Estemirowa von der wichtigsten russischen Menschenrechts-Organisation Memorial und ihr Kollege Andrej Kulagin ermordet. Aber auch jenseits grausamer Verbrechen ist der Alltag f眉r NGOs in Russland schwierig: Oft werden sie in ihrer Arbeit聽behindert.\nLiberale und Linke\nSolidarnost hei脽t die f眉hrende liberale Bewegung in Russland - und auch sie hat einige bekannte K枚pfe zu bieten: Der ehemalige Schachweltmeister Garri Kasparow geh枚rt zu ihrem F眉hrungskreis , er beteiligte sich wie viele andere Oppositionsvertreter an den j眉ngsten Protesten gegen das umstrittene Ergebnis der Parlamentswahl im Dezember. Haupts盲chlich in Russland bekannt ist Boris Nemzow : Er war unter Boris Jelzin Vize-Regierungschef und wollte auch schon einmal B眉rgermeister der Olympiastadt Sotschi werden. Politisch links davon stehen der umstrittene Schriftsteller Eduard Limonow von der Partei Das andere Russland und Sergej Udalzow, Chef der oppositionellen Linksfront . Beide werden oft bei Demonstrationen festgenommen, Udalzow wurde allein 2011 acht Mal zu kurzen Haftstrafen聽verurteilt.\nSatiriker\nWenn gar nichts mehr geht, dann geht immer noch Humor: Im Protest gegen Putin 眉berbieten sich seine Gegner jedenfalls mit kreativen Einf盲llen: So inszenierte die Studentin Ljudmila Alexandrowa sogenannte \"Nanomeetings\" : Da sie und ihre Freunde in der sibirischen Stadt Barnaul nicht selbst demonstrieren durften, stellten sie kleine Puppen mit Protestschildern in den Schnee. Bereits legend盲r ist auch die \"Bewegung der blauen Eimer\". Die blauen Eimer, die sich die Mitglieder der Organisation auf die Autod盲cher kleben, sollen an die Blinklichter auf den Limousinen erinnern, mit denen sich die Elite in Russland tagt盲glich r眉cksichtslos ihren Weg durch die 眉berf眉llten Stra脽en der Metropolen bahnt. Es gibt Reime, Lieder, Comics und Satire-Videos gegen Putin - zum Beispiel jenes, das Putin anstelle seines Intimfeindes Michail Chodorkowskij hinter Gittern zeigt .","articleSection":"Politik","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannah Beitzer","sameAs":"/autoren/hannah-beitzer-1.1143204"}],"dateCreated":"2012-03-03T10:44:18.000Z","dateModified":"2012-10-13 21:12:55","datePublished":"2012-03-03T10:44:18.000Z","description":"","headline":"","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","height":"675","url":"https://www.sueddeutsche.de/2022/06/21/74b50944-dcf3-4dc4-a910-91b61b318831.jpeg?q=60&fm=webp&width=1200&rect=0%2C141%2C1349%2C759","width":"1200"},"keywords":"Wahlen in Russland,Wladimir Putin,Russland,Politik,S眉ddeutsche 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+ (2 * 12px));padding:0 12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-9uetne{margin-top:72px;}}</style><article class="lp_is_start css-9uetne" data-testid="article"><div class="cXenseParse" data-testid="article-content"><div><div data-hydration-component-name="HeaderElementWithSummary"><style data-emotion="css 1lgqo8v">.css-1lgqo8v{color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-primary, #29293a);font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;}</style><header data-dd-rum-id="article-header-element" class="css-1lgqo8v"><h2><style data-emotion="css 13ikdos">.css-13ikdos{font:700 14px/1.3 'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.025em;display:block;}</style><span data-manual="overline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-13ikdos">Proteste in Russland</span><style data-emotion="css pcxqtt">.css-pcxqtt{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;white-space:nowrap;width:1px;}</style><span 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768px){.css-1szcezs{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;margin-top:24px;}}</style><div class="css-1szcezs"><style data-emotion="css b0z14z">.css-b0z14z{display:inline-block;}</style><time data-manual="date" dateTime="2012-03-03 11:44:18" data-testid="publication-date" class="css-b0z14z">3. 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data-manual="teaserText" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xwflp4">Seine Konkurrenten um das Amt des Pr盲sidenten sind chancenlos - Wladimir Putins wahre Gegner findet man auf der Stra脽e: Menschenrechtler, K眉nstler, Rockmusiker, Journalisten und Umweltsch眉tzer. Erstmals in seiner politischen Laufbahn ist der Ex-KGB-Agent mit Widerstand aus der Bev枚lkerung konfrontiert. Die wichtigsten Protestgruppen im 脺berblick.</p></div><style data-emotion="css z0mrii">.css-z0mrii{font:italic 500 19px/1.5 'SZ Text','Georgia','Times',serif;letter-spacing:0.015em;margin-top:32px;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-z0mrii{font:italic 500 21px/1.5 'SZ Text','Georgia','Times',serif;letter-spacing:0.015em;}}.css-z0mrii a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--sz-basic-text-color-primary, #29293a);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 150ms ease-in-out;transition:border-bottom 150ms ease-in-out;}.css-z0mrii a:hover{border-bottom-color:transparent;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-z0mrii{margin-top:48px;}}</style><p data-manual="author" data-testid="byline" class="css-z0mrii">Hannah Beitzer</p><div><div data-hydration-component-name="Toolbar"><audio data-manual-remove="true" data-testid="audio-test-id" preload="none" style="display:none" title="Putins wahre Gegner"></audio><style data-emotion="css 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1000px){.css-94k5lg{margin-left:-180px;width:1000px;}.css-94k5lg:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad)){margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:60px;}}</style><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-94k5lg" data-debug-screen="tablet" data-device="tablet" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_1"></div><style data-emotion="css tvdgj3">.css-tvdgj3{-webkit-hyphens:auto;-moz-hyphens:auto;-ms-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto;margin-bottom:32px;}.css-tvdgj3 a{color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-highlight, #009990);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-tvdgj3 a:focus,.css-tvdgj3 a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-tvdgj3{-webkit-hyphens:manual;-moz-hyphens:manual;-ms-hyphens:manual;hyphens:manual;}}.css-tvdgj3:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}</style><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3"><em>Seit den Parlamentswahlen im Dezember 2011 gingen in </em><em><a 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1);-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;overflow-y:auto;}@media (orientation: landscape){.css-psicdu{padding:0 48px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-psicdu{padding:72px;overflow-y:visible;}@media (orientation: landscape){.css-psicdu{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}}}@media only percy{.css-psicdu{-webkit-transform:none;-moz-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none;-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}}</style></div></div><style data-emotion="css 11knhxi">.css-11knhxi{word-wrap:break-word;background:var(--sz-basic-background-color-primary, #fff);padding:8px 12px 0;color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-primary, #29293a);font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;}.css-11knhxi p{display:inline;}.css-11knhxi small{color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-secondary, #71737f);}.css-11knhxi small{display:block;}.css-11knhxi a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--sz-basic-text-color-primary, #29293a);color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-primary, #29293a);padding-bottom:2px;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 150ms ease-in-out;transition:border-bottom 150ms ease-in-out;}.css-11knhxi a:focus,.css-11knhxi a:hover{border-bottom-color:transparent;}</style><figcaption data-manual="headerImageCaption, headerImageCopyright" class="css-11knhxi">Wer steckt hinter den Demonstrationen in Russland? <small>(Foto: Livejournal.com/Vkontakte)</small></figcaption></figure></div><script data-hydration-props-component-name="ImageAsset" type="application/json">%7B%22altText%22%3A%22%22%2C%22image%22%3A%7B%22component%22%3A%22image%22%2C%22content%22%3A%7B%22caption%22%3A%7B%22html%22%3A%22Wer%20steckt%20hinter%20den%20Demonstrationen%20in%20Russland%3F%22%2C%22text%22%3A%5B%22Wer%20steckt%20hinter%20den%20Demonstrationen%20in%20Russland%3F%22%5D%7D%2C%22image%22%3A%7B%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2F2022%2F06%2F21%2F2a13b0bd-819d-4363-b827-cdce9e11ee73.jpeg%22%2C%22width%22%3A604%2C%22height%22%3A344%2C%22crop%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%2216%3A9%22%2C%22height%22%3A340%2C%22width%22%3A604%2C%22x%22%3A0%2C%22y%22%3A1%7D%7D%2C%22imageSource%22%3A%22Livejournal.com%2FVkontakte%22%7D%7D%2C%22isTopAsset%22%3Afalse%7D</script></div></div><style data-emotion="css xmriic">.css-xmriic{font:800 21px/1.5 'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.015em;margin-bottom:16px;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-xmriic{font:800 24px/1.3 'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;letter-spacing:0.015em;}}.css-xmriic a{color:var(--sz-basic-text-color-highlight, #009990);-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-xmriic a:focus,.css-xmriic a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}</style><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Kritische Blogger</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Seitdem <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/thema/Wladimir_Putin">Wladimir Putin</a> zu Beginn seiner Amtszeit fast alle gro脽en Medien unter staatliche Kontrolle gebracht hat, gilt das Internet in Russland als Insel der Meinungsfreiheit. Vor allem auf der Plattform Livejournal.com tummeln sich zahlreiche regierungskritische Blogger - der bekannteste von ihnen wurde zu einem der K枚pfe der Proteste: Alexej Nawalny. Der Anwalt wurde <a href="http://navalny.livejournal.com/" target="_blank">mit seinem Blog gegen die allgegenw盲rtige Korruption</a> in Russland bekannt. Von ihm stammt die Bezeichnung "Partei der Gauner und Diebe" f眉r die Kreml-Partei Einiges Russland. Bei den Protesten im Dezember <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/politik-kompakt-russische-oppositionsfuehrer-freigelassen-1.1240686">wurde er verhaftet und sa脽 gut zwei Wochen im Gef盲ngnis</a> - w盲hrenddessen <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/service/die-besten-blogs-zum-protest-in-russland-1.1233872">bef眉llten Freunde seinen Blog</a>. Nawalny ist allerdings nicht ganz unumstritten: Er schreckt nicht vor nationalistischen Parolen zur眉ck und <a href="http://www.ng.ru/regions/2011-10-24/1_rus_marsh.html" target="_blank">beteiligte sich an Aktionen</a>, die sich vor allem gegen die Bewohner des Kaukasus聽richten.</p><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Umweltaktivisten</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Selbst als Wladimir Putin noch Popularit盲tswerte von nahezu 100 Prozent hatte, gab es schon eine Gruppe, die ihn nicht besonders leiden konnte: Umweltsch眉tzer. Ihr Protest entz眉ndete sich vor allem an der geplanten Rohdung eines Waldst眉cks nahe der kleinen Stadt Chimki, die wenige Kilometer von Moskau entfernt liegt. Dort sollte unter anderem eine Autobahn von Moskau nach Sankt Petersburg gebaut werden. Die Proteste waren ein kleiner Vorgeschmack darauf, was man nun auf Russlands Stra脽en beobachten kann: Zahlreiche Anwohner begehrten gegen die Abholzung auf, die Medien berichteten 眉ber die Demonstrationen - nicht ohne Folgen: <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/ueberfall-auf-russischen-journalisten-kritiker-im-koma-1.1020509">ein Journalist, der kritisch 眉ber das Projekt berichtete, wurde ins Koma gepr眉gelt</a>. Eines der bekanntesten Gesichter der Umweltbewegung ist Jewgenija Tschirikowa. Ihr wurde mit dem Entzug des Sorgerechts f眉r ihre Kinder gedroht, einige ihrer Mitstreiter wurden聽zusammengeschlagen.</p><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Oppositionelle Journalisten</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Oppositionelle Journalisten leiden besonders unter Putin: Schon kurz nachdem dieser im Jahr 2000 das Pr盲sidentenamt von Boris Jelzin 眉bernommen hatte, begann er, <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/opposition-in-russland-nur-in-der-kueche-wird-kritisch-geredet-1.356449">die Medien auf Linie zu bringen</a>. Er konzentrierte sich dabei besonders auf das Fernsehen, das Medium mit der gr枚脽ten Reichweite und dem gr枚脽ten Einfluss auf die Meinung der Bev枚lkerung. Der kremlkritische Fernsehsender NTW wurde von dem teilstaatlichen Konzern Gazprom 眉bernommen, auch der pro-westliche Sender ORT geriet unter Kontrolle des Kreml. Journalisten, die dennoch kritisch 眉ber Putin und seine Politik berichten, leben seitdem gef盲hrlich: Immer wieder werden F盲lle bekannt, in denen Reporter eingesch眉chtert, zusammengeschlagen oder gar get枚tet wurden. Das bekannteste Opfer ist wohl <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/medien/journalistenmord-in-russland-raetsel-um-den-tod-von-anna-politkowskaja-1.1155994">die 2006 get枚tete Journalistin Anna Politikowskaja</a> - ihre M枚rder sind bis heute nicht belangt worden. Kein Wunder also, dass sich auch viele Journalisten unter den Putin-Gegnern finden. <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/russland-putins-pressionen-1.430475">Zum Beispiel Leonid Parfjonow</a>: Der namhafte Fernsehjournalist wurde 2004 vom Sender NTW gefeuert, als er gegen die Zensur aufbegehrte. Oder auch die Fernsehjournalistin Olga Romanowa: Das Gr眉ndungsmitglied der "Liga der W盲hler" setzte sich f眉r die Freilassung ihres wegen Wirtschaftsverbrechen inhaftierten Ehemannes Alexej Koslow聽ein.</p><style data-emotion="css 1sz26et">.css-1sz26et{position:relative;z-index:0;margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:72px;min-height:460px;display:none;margin-left:-12px;margin-right:-12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-1sz26et::before{color:#71737f;content:'- ANZEIGE -';font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;font-size:10px;font-weight:100;left:0;letter-spacing:0.13em;position:absolute;right:0;text-align:center;top:150px;z-index:-1;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1sz26et::before{content:none;}}.css-1sz26et:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad))::before{content:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1sz26et{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-1sz26et{display:block;min-height:auto;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1sz26et{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-1sz26et{margin-left:-180px;width:1000px;}.css-1sz26et:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad)){margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:60px;}}</style><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-1sz26et" data-debug-screen="desktop" data-device="desktop" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_3"></div><style data-emotion="css 1lmrsd9">.css-1lmrsd9{position:relative;z-index:0;margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:72px;min-height:600px;margin-left:-12px;margin-right:-12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-1lmrsd9::before{color:#71737f;content:'- ANZEIGE -';font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;font-size:10px;font-weight:100;left:0;letter-spacing:0.13em;position:absolute;right:0;text-align:center;top:150px;z-index:-1;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1lmrsd9::before{content:none;}}.css-1lmrsd9:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad))::before{content:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1lmrsd9{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1lmrsd9{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-1lmrsd9{margin-left:-180px;width:1000px;}.css-1lmrsd9:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad)){margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:60px;}}</style><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-1lmrsd9" data-debug-screen="mobile" data-device="mobile" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_2"></div><style data-emotion="css 124jeh4">.css-124jeh4{position:relative;z-index:0;margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:72px;min-height:600px;display:none;margin-left:-12px;margin-right:-12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-124jeh4::before{color:#71737f;content:'- ANZEIGE -';font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;font-size:10px;font-weight:100;left:0;letter-spacing:0.13em;position:absolute;right:0;text-align:center;top:150px;z-index:-1;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-124jeh4::before{content:none;}}.css-124jeh4:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad))::before{content:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-124jeh4{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-124jeh4{display:block;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-124jeh4{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-124jeh4{margin-left:-180px;width:1000px;}.css-124jeh4:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad)){margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:60px;}}</style><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-124jeh4" data-debug-screen="tablet" data-device="tablet" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_2"></div><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">K眉nstler</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Auch zahlreiche K眉nstler k枚nnen mit Putin nicht viel anfangen. Der popul盲re Krimiautor Boris Akunin, dessen historische Romane um den Agenten Fandorin auch in Deutschland bekannt sind, setzt sich unter anderem f眉r die Freilassung des inhaftierten 脰lmagnaten Michail Chodorkowski ein. Als er gemerkt habe, wie viele Menschen gegen das System von Wladimir Putin seien, habe es f眉r ihn kein Zur眉ck mehr gegeben, beschreibt er sein聽Engagement.</p><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Der Journalist und Dichter Dmitrij Bikow ist Teil des Projekts "B眉rgerdichter". Er schreibt Verse 眉ber Putin und die Politik, die von einem Schauspieler vorgetragen und im Internet gepostet werden. Am bekanntesten ist aber sicher Jurij Schewtschuk. Der S盲nger der Rockband DDT spricht bei Konzerten 眉ber Politik und nimmt regelm盲脽ig an Demonstrationen teil. 2010 kritisierte er gegen眉ber Putin vor laufenden Kameras die Einschr盲nkung der Freiheitsrechte. Legend盲r sind inzwischen auch die Sponti-Auftritte der Punkband Pussy Riot. Mit Neonstr眉mpfen, Sturmhauben und F盲kalsprache schockiert die Underground-Gruppe Russlands Establishment - und <a href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/0,1518,816812,00.html" target="_blank">will Putin eigenen Aussagen zufolge zu Fall bringen</a>.</p><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Menschenrechtler</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Viele von ihnen tr盲umten schon w盲hrend der Sowjetunion von mehr Demokratie - vergeblich, wie sich nach dem Amtsantritt Wladimir Putins im Jahr 2000 herausstellte. Die fr眉here Dissidentin Ljudmila Alexejewa zum Beispiel setzt sich seit Jahrzehnten f眉r die Menschenrechte in ihrem Heimatland ein. Sie ist Menschenrechtsberaterin des Pr盲sidenten - und in dieser Funktion oft genug frustriert. Denn auch Menschenrechtler leben in Russland gef盲hrlich, vor allem, wenn sie sich mit der Situation im Kaukasus besch盲ftigen: So wurden zum Beispiel 2009 die Aktivistin <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/russland-empoerung-ueber-mord-an-menschenrechtlerin-1.157379">Natalja Estemirowa von der wichtigsten russischen Menschenrechts-Organisation Memorial</a> und ihr Kollege Andrej Kulagin ermordet. Aber auch jenseits grausamer Verbrechen ist der Alltag f眉r NGOs in Russland schwierig: Oft werden sie in ihrer Arbeit聽behindert.</p><style data-emotion="css 1vn439k">.css-1vn439k{position:relative;z-index:0;margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:72px;min-height:600px;display:none;margin-left:-12px;margin-right:-12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.css-1vn439k::before{color:#71737f;content:'- ANZEIGE -';font-family:'SZSansDigital','Neue Helvetica','Helvetica',sans-serif;font-size:10px;font-weight:100;left:0;letter-spacing:0.13em;position:absolute;right:0;text-align:center;top:150px;z-index:-1;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1vn439k::before{content:none;}}.css-1vn439k:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad))::before{content:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1vn439k{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-1vn439k{display:block;min-height:auto;}}@media screen and (min-width: 768px){.css-1vn439k{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 1000px){.css-1vn439k{margin-left:-180px;width:1000px;}.css-1vn439k:has(> div:not([style*='display: none']):not(.iqdnoad)){margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:60px;}}</style><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-1vn439k" data-debug-screen="desktop" data-device="desktop" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_4"></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-1npxtv4" data-debug-screen="mobile" data-device="mobile" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_3"></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="iqdcontainer css-94k5lg" data-debug-screen="tablet" data-device="tablet" data-manual-remove="true" data-placement="pos_3"></div><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Liberale und Linke</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Solidarnost hei脽t die f眉hrende liberale Bewegung in Russland - und auch sie hat einige bekannte K枚pfe zu bieten: Der <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/wahl-in-russland-schachmeister-kasparow-will-praesident-werden-1.350603">ehemalige Schachweltmeister Garri Kasparow geh枚rt zu ihrem F眉hrungskreis</a>, er beteiligte sich wie viele andere Oppositionsvertreter an den j眉ngsten Protesten gegen das umstrittene Ergebnis der Parlamentswahl im Dezember. Haupts盲chlich in Russland bekannt ist <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/wahlkampf-in-sotschi-anschlag-auf-kreml-kritiker-nemzow-1.394735">Boris Nemzow</a>: Er war unter Boris Jelzin Vize-Regierungschef und wollte auch schon einmal B眉rgermeister der Olympiastadt Sotschi werden. Politisch links davon stehen <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/russischer-oppositionspolitiker-limonow-limonow-muss-babysitten-1.802790">der umstrittene Schriftsteller Eduard Limonow</a> von der Partei Das andere Russland und <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/protest-gegen-russlands-staatschef-putin-der-wind-dreht-sich-1.1261522">Sergej Udalzow, Chef der oppositionellen Linksfront</a>. Beide werden oft bei Demonstrationen festgenommen, Udalzow wurde allein 2011 acht Mal zu kurzen Haftstrafen聽verurteilt.</p><h3 data-manual="subheadline" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-xmriic">Satiriker</h3><p data-manual="paragraph" data-schema-org-speakable="true" class="css-tvdgj3">Wenn gar nichts mehr geht, dann geht immer noch Humor: Im Protest gegen Putin 眉berbieten sich seine Gegner jedenfalls mit kreativen Einf盲llen: So inszenierte <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/demonstrationen-in-russland-gegen-puppen-sind-sie-machtlos-1.1274639">die Studentin Ljudmila Alexandrowa sogenannte "Nanomeetings"</a>: Da sie und ihre Freunde in der sibirischen Stadt Barnaul nicht selbst demonstrieren durften, stellten sie kleine Puppen mit Protestschildern in den Schnee. Bereits legend盲r ist auch die "Bewegung der blauen Eimer". Die blauen Eimer, die sich die Mitglieder der Organisation auf die Autod盲cher kleben, sollen an die Blinklichter auf den Limousinen erinnern, mit denen sich die Elite in Russland tagt盲glich r眉cksichtslos ihren Weg durch die 眉berf眉llten Stra脽en der Metropolen bahnt. Es gibt <a href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/0,1518,812201,00.html" target="_blank">Reime, Lieder, Comics und Satire-Videos</a> gegen Putin - zum Beispiel jenes, das Putin <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/bitterboese-satire-auf-youtube-putin-hinter-gittern-1.1285776">anstelle seines Intimfeindes Michail Chodorkowskij hinter Gittern zeigt</a>.</p></div><script> window.SZ.Article = window.SZ.Article || {}; window.SZ.Article.reducedByPiano = new Promise((resolve) => { console.log("window.SZ.Article.reducedByPiano") window.addEventListener("piano:metered-article-experience", (e) => { if (e.detail.reduced) { removeMeteredContentAndFadeOut(); removeAdtilePos2(); removeMobileAdFooter(); } resolve(e.detail.reduced); }); }) function removeMeteredContentAndFadeOut() { const meteredContentDiv = document.getElementById("metered-content") if (meteredContentDiv) { meteredContentDiv.remove(); addFadeOutClassToFreeContent(); } } function removeAdtilePos2() { const adtile = 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Helvetica', 'Helvetica', sans-serif);letter-spacing:var( --szde-mosaik-teaser-teaser-text-letter-spacing-medium, normal );}}@media screen and (min-width: 500px){.css-m8p34x{margin-top:8px;}}</style><p class="css-m8p34x" data-manual="teaser-text" data-tb-description="" data-schema-org-speakable="true">Sowjet-Apparatschiks, Rassisten, Marionetten - und der Premier: Alles deutet darauf hin, dass Wladimir Putin am Sonntag im ersten Wahlgang zum russischen Pr盲sidenten gew盲hlt wird. Trotzdem machen vier M盲nner Russlands starkem Mann Konkurrenz - oder versuchen es zumindest. Putin und seine M枚chtegern-Rivalen im Kandidatencheck.</p><footer data-manual="teaser-footer"><style data-emotion="css 14dd2b0">.css-14dd2b0{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:8px;margin-top:var(--szde-mosaik-teaser-footer-margin-top, 8px);}</style><div class="css-14dd2b0"><style data-emotion="css 7bbitu">.css-7bbitu{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:var(--szde-mosaik-teaser-footer-content-alignment);-ms-flex-pack:var(--szde-mosaik-teaser-footer-content-alignment);-webkit-justify-content:var(--szde-mosaik-teaser-footer-content-alignment);justify-content:var(--szde-mosaik-teaser-footer-content-alignment);width:100%;}</style><div class="css-7bbitu"><div><style data-emotion="css 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src="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gutscheine/img/shops/UoGoNafFnm7xKuPU44GPkgZDApGZSI04_small@2x.jpg" class="css-1dccbm9"/><dl class="css-1eh7g8b"><dt class="css-1me8qlg">reBuy</dt><dd class="css-1d83m8b">Extra Rabatt auf Elektronik B-Ware</dd></dl></a></li><li class="css-jriejy"><a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gutscheine/saturn?mtm_campaign=sueddeutsche_leiste&mtm_kwd=saturn" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="Saturn" loading="lazy" src="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gutscheine/img/shops/2w2xplpyttuu3x9v71kzol1iahz0p53p_small@2x.jpg" class="css-1dccbm9"/><dl class="css-1eh7g8b"><dt class="css-1me8qlg">Saturn</dt><dd class="css-1d83m8b">Gutscheine f眉r innovative Technik</dd></dl></a></li><li class="css-jriejy"><a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gutscheine/zooplus?mtm_campaign=sueddeutsche_leiste&mtm_kwd=zooplus" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="Zooplus" loading="lazy" 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