KMI - QA/SAC for ozonesondes

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title> KMI - QA/SAC for ozonesondes </title><meta name="robots" content="all"><meta property="og:title" content=""><meta property="og:site_name" content="KMI"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico?v20241107-0827" type="image/x-icon"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon-152x152-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="/apple-touch-icon-144x144-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="/apple-touch-icon-120x120-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="/apple-touch-icon-114x114-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="/apple-touch-icon-72x72-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png?v20241107-0827"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon-32x32.png?v20241107-0827" sizes="32x32"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/android-chrome-192x192.png?v20241107-0827" sizes="192x192"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon-96x96.png?v20241107-0827" sizes="96x96"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon-16x16.png?v20241107-0827" sizes="16x16"><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json?v20241107-0827"><link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg?v20241107-0827" color="#5bbad5"><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/mstile-144x144.png?v20241107-0827"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:300,400,700" rel="stylesheet"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/frontend/css/sub-site-style.css?v20241107-0827" type="text/css" /></head> <body id="sidebar-toggle-container" class="sidebar-toggle-container" >  <noscript> <iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M5KLQ7C" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M5KLQ7C'); </script>   <div class="backstretch"> <header role="header" class="main-header"> <div class="container"> <a href="/" class="main-header__logo"> <img src="/frontend/img/general/logo-kmi--en.svg?v20241107-0827" alt="Het Koninklijk Meteorologisch Instituut van Belgi毛" class="main-header__logo__img"> </a> <nav role="navigation" class="main-header__nav"> <div class="main-header__nav__wrapper"> <ul class="primary-nav js-primary-nav"> <li class="primary-nav__item visible-xs visible-sm"> <a href="/" class="primary-nav__item__link primary-nav__item--active"> Ozone, UV and Aerosol studies </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 "> <a href="/research-themes" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Research </a> <ul class="primary-nav__item__sublist"> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/ozone" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Ozone </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/uv" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Ultraviolet (UV) radiation </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/aerosols" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Aerosols </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/water-vapour" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Water vapour </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/atmospheric-modelling" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Atmospheric modelling </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/research-themes/atmospheric-profiling" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Atmospheric profiling </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 "> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Instruments </a> <ul class="primary-nav__item__sublist"> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques/spectrophotometers" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Spectrophotometers </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques/ozonesondes" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Ozonesondes </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques/instruments-antarctica" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Aerosol instruments </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques/lidar-ceilometer" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Automatic LIDAR ceilometer </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/instruments-and-observation-techniques/radiosondes" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Radiosondes </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 primary-nav__item--active"> <a href="/projects" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Projects </a> <ul class="primary-nav__item__sublist"> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/atmospheric-composition-saf-ac-saf" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Atmospheric Composition SAF (AC SAF) </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/paspartout" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> PASPARTOUT </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/climb" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> CLIMB </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/dispersion" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Dispersion </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/qasac" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link--active"> QA/SAC for ozonesondes </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/respirit" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> RespirIT </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/retropollen" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> RETROPOLLEN </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/stce" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> STCE </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/cost-actions" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> COST actions </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/completed-projects" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Completed projects </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/projects/chase" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> CHASE </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 "> <a href="/team-members" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Team </a> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 "> <a href="/scientific-publications" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Publications </a> <ul class="primary-nav__item__sublist"> <li class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item"> <a href="/scientific-publications/publication-year" class="primary-nav__item__sublist__item__link "> Publication year </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav__item class2 "> <a href="/outreach" class="primary-nav__item__link"> Outreach </a> </li> </ul> <aside class="main-header__nav__extra"> </aside> </div> </nav> <button class="btn main-header__mobile-btn js-mobile-nav-button"> <span class="main-header__mobile-btn__text">menu</span> <span class="main-header__mobile-btn__icon"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="main-content-wrapper mobile-nav__content"> <header class="subsite-page-title-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <h1 class="subsite-page-title"> <span class="subsite-page__title__inner"> Ozone, UV and Aerosol studies </span> </h1> </div> </header> <div class="container"> <main role="main" class="main-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row standard-content"> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="box"> <nav class="sidebar-nav"> <h3 class="sidebar-nav__title"> Projects </h3> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list"> <li id="subnav-5747" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/atmospheric-composition-saf-ac-saf"> Atmospheric Composition SAF (AC SAF) </a> </li> <li id="subnav-6932" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/paspartout"> PASPARTOUT </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/paspartout-partners">PASPARTOUT - Partners</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/expedition-belare-2024-2025">Expedition Belare 2024-2025</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/expedition-2023-2024">Expedition 2023-2024</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/results">Results</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-5772" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/climb"> CLIMB </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/climb/news">News</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/climb/partners">Partners</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-5573" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/dispersion"> Dispersion </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/dispersion/phd-topics">PhD topics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-7102" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--active sidebar-nav__list__item--open "> <a href="/projects/qasac"> QA/SAC for ozonesondes </a> </li> <li id="subnav-5748" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/respirit"> RespirIT </a> </li> <li id="subnav-5746" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/retropollen"> RETROPOLLEN </a> </li> <li id="subnav-5788" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/stce"> STCE </a> </li> <li id="subnav-5751" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/cost-actions"> COST actions </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/cost-actions/current-actions">Current actions</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/cost-actions/completed-actions">Completed actions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-5781" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/completed-projects"> Completed projects </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/climb">CLIMB</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/chase">CHASE</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/aerocloud">AEROCLOUD</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-7514" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/chase"> CHASE </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9 sub-page__content"> <div class="box box--content"> <h2 class="box__title">QA/SAC for ozonesondes</h2> <div class="introtext-pp text--intro"> <p>RMI hosts the Quality Assurance Science Activity Centre for ozonesondes for the WMO/GAW.</p> </div> <figure class="image-pp"> <img srcset="https://ozone.meteo.be/media/cache/image_small_png/uploads/media/65b8d39a27f59/gaw-1-big.png 400w, https://ozone.meteo.be/media/cache/image_medium_png/uploads/media/65b8d39a27f59/gaw-1-big.png 600w" sizes="100vw" style="width:600px" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/> <noscript> <img src="https://ozone.meteo.be/media/cache/image_big_png/uploads/media/65b8d39a27f59/gaw-1-big.png" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/> </noscript> </figure> <h3 id="context"> Context </h3> <div class="text-pp"> <p>The<a href="https://community.wmo.int/en/activity-areas/gaw"> Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme</a> of the World Meteorological Organization (<a href="https://wmo.int/">WMO</a>) is the only existing long-term international global programme that coordinates observations and analysis of atmospheric composition changes. The GAW Programme is a collaboration of more than 100 countries and it relies fundamentally on the contributions of these WMO member states to help to build a single, coordinated global understanding of atmospheric composition and its change. The mission of GAW is implemented through "maintaining and applying global, long-term observations of the chemical composition and selected physical characteristics of the atmosphere; emphasizing quality assurance and quality control; delivering integrated products and services of relevance to users". Ozone vertical profiles, with a focus on the stratosphere and upper troposphere, are included in the set of key variables for GAW.</p> <p>The <em>primary objectives </em>of the GAW Quality Assurance (QA) system are to ensure that the data in the<a href="https://community.wmo.int/world-data-centres"> World Data Centres (WDCs)</a> are <strong>consistent, of known and adequate quality</strong>, supported by comprehensive metadata, and sufficiently complete to describe global atmospheric states with respect to spatial and temporal distribution. In short, the GAW QA system relies on (i) Central Calibration Laboratories (CCLs) that host the primary standard of an entire network, (ii) <a href="https://community.wmo.int/en/activity-areas/gaw/research-infrastructure/qaqc/central-facilities/calibration-centres"> World and/or Regional Calibration Centres (WCCs, RCCs)</a> that should link observations at GAW stations to these world reference primary standards and ensure network comparability/compatibility through intercomparison campaigns and regular audits, and (iii) <a href="https://community.wmo.int/en/activity-areas/gaw/research-infrastructure/qaqc/qa-sac">Quality Assurance Science Activity Centres (QA/SACs)</a>, responsible for the development and implementation of the quality assurance system in the GAW programme for specific atmospheric parameters.</p> </div> <hr /> <h3 id="role-of-rmi"> Role of RMI </h3> <div class="text-pp"> <p>The RMI is recognized by the WMO as the Quality Assurance/Science Activity Centre for Ozonesondes (QA/SAC) for the WMO/GAW Programme. <a href="https://www.fz-juelich.de/en">Forschungszentrum Jülich</a> (FZJ) hosts the <a href="https://www.fz-juelich.de/en/iek/iek-8/scientific-infrastructure/wccos">World Calibration Centre for Ozonesondes (WCCOS)</a> with the Central Calibration Laboratory (CCL) for ozonesondes, existing of (i) the environmental simulation chamber to simulate ozone balloon soundings and (ii) the ozone reference standard (UV-photometer) for the entire ozonesonde network (see figure on the left below). The RMI and the FZJ have signed a Memoradum of Understanding (MoU) to cooperate for conducting <a href="https://www.wccos-josie.org/en">Jülich Ozonesonde Intercomparison Experiments (JOSIE)</a> at Jülich.</p> </div> <div class="image-image-pp"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="image-image-pp__image"> <figure> <img src="/uploads/media/65ba1dccb0758/wccos.jpg?v20241107-0827" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/> <figcaption>The environmental simulation facility at FZJ, which can accommodate up to 4 ozonesondes. The reference ozone photometer is located in the tank to the right of the simulation chamber, but under the same environmental conditions as in the chamber.</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="image-image-pp__image"> <figure> <img src="/uploads/media/65ba1de2c1934/asoposwmogaw268.png?v20241107-0827" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/> <figcaption>WMO/GAW Report No. 268, which provides the ozonesonde measurement principles and Standard Operating Procedures for ozonesonde operators.</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <hr /> <h3 id="activities"> Activities </h3> <div class="text-pp"> <p>In its role as QA/SAC for ozonesondes, the RMI will perform the following activities:</p> <ol> <li>organize, in close collaboration with FZJ, JOSIE campaigns in the simulation chamber in Jülich. Following the MoU between FZJ and RMI, RMI will be responsible for the scientific organization of JOSIE, which includes the preparation, operation of JOSIE, and the scientific analysis and evaluation of the results before, during, and after a JOSIE campaign. RMI will be also responsible for the logistics and organization to conduct a JOSIE campaign, for organizing and providing the ozonesondes and their supplies necessary to be used in JOSIE.</li> <li>contribute to the development of quality control procedures like <a href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/57720-ozonesonde-measurement-principles-and-best-operational-practices">measurement guidelines (MG) and standard operating procedures (SOP)</a>, see cover on the right figure here above, as required in collaboration with the relevant groups within the GAW Programme. RMI will foster a harmonization of quality assurance procedures within the GAW Expert Team on Atmospheric Composition Measurement Quality.</li> <li>help GAW stations to implement the standard operating procedures and quality control procedures at their sites and archive their (meta)data in the international databases like World Ozone and UV Data Centre (<a href="https://woudc.org/home.php">WOUDC</a>).</li> <li>promote the scientific use of the GAW ozonesonde data, and encourage and participate in scientific collaboration with ozonesonde experts and data users; (re)present the ozonesonde data and ongoing activities at scientific meetings, workshops, and symposia.</li> <li>provide training, technical help, and workshops to GAW stations.</li> <li>foster the development of the WMO/GAW observational network through the promotion of new observational sites in regions such as Africa, Asia and South America, in close collaboration with other partners like NASA and NOAA.</li> <li>make public its involvement in the WMO/GAW Programme (e.g. on its website, newsletters, etc.) and report on their WMO/GAW related activities to WMO.</li> </ol> </div> <hr /> <h3 id="contact"> Contact </h3> <div class="text-pp"> <p><a href="mailto:roeland.vanmalderen@meteo.be">Roeland Van Malderen</a><br /> Royal Meteorological Institute<br /> Ringlaan 3,<br /> B-1180 Brussels, Belgium</p> </div> <p class="totop-pp"><a href="#">Top</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 visible-xs visible-sm"> <h2 class="subpage__content__read-more"> Read more </h2> <div class="box"> <nav class="sidebar-nav"> <h3 class="sidebar-nav__title"> Projects </h3> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list"> <li id="subnav-57471" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/atmospheric-composition-saf-ac-saf"> Atmospheric Composition SAF (AC SAF) </a> </li> <li id="subnav-69321" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/paspartout"> PASPARTOUT </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/paspartout-partners">PASPARTOUT - Partners</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/expedition-belare-2024-2025">Expedition Belare 2024-2025</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/expedition-2023-2024">Expedition 2023-2024</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/paspartout/results">Results</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-57721" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/climb"> CLIMB </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/climb/news">News</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/climb/partners">Partners</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-55731" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/dispersion"> Dispersion </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/dispersion/phd-topics">PhD topics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-71021" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--active sidebar-nav__list__item--open "> <a href="/projects/qasac"> QA/SAC for ozonesondes </a> </li> <li id="subnav-57481" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/respirit"> RespirIT </a> </li> <li id="subnav-57461" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/retropollen"> RETROPOLLEN </a> </li> <li id="subnav-57881" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/stce"> STCE </a> </li> <li id="subnav-57511" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/cost-actions"> COST actions </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/cost-actions/current-actions">Current actions</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/cost-actions/completed-actions">Completed actions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-57811" class="sidebar-nav__list__item sidebar-nav__list__item--sublist"> <a href="/projects/completed-projects"> Completed projects </a> <ul class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist"> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/climb">CLIMB</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/chase">CHASE</a> </li> <li class="sidebar-nav__list__item__sublist__item "> <a href="/projects/completed-projects/aerocloud">AEROCLOUD</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="subnav-75141" class="sidebar-nav__list__item "> <a href="/projects/chase"> CHASE </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> </div> <div class="totop-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <button class="totop-btn js-totop"> <i class="totop-btn__icon icon--circle-arrow-up"></i> <span class="totop-btn__text"> Back to top </span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="backstretch__image js-backstretch" data-desktop-url="https://ozone.meteo.be/media/cache/subsite_backstretch_desktop_jpg/uploads/media/60102abe426aa/backgroundo3uvaerosol.jpg" data-mobile-url="https://ozone.meteo.be/media/cache/subsite_backstretch_mobile_jpg/uploads/media/60102abe426aa/backgroundo3uvaerosol.jpg"></div> </div> <footer role="footer" class="footer mobile-nav__content"> <section class="sub-footer--disclaimer"> <div class="container"> <p> <p>Welcome on the pages of the ACM虏 (Atmospheric Composition, Measurements and Modelling) group</p> </p> </div> </section> <section class="sub-footer--kmi"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 col-sm-9"> <img src="/frontend/img/general/logo-kmi--en.svg?v20241107-0827" alt="" class="sub-footer--kmi__logo"> <p class="sub-footer--kmi__text"> We offer a reliable public service realised by empowered staff and based on research, innovation and continuity. </p> <a href="https://www.meteo.be" class="btn btn--secondary">This website is a subsite of the Royal Meteorological Institute</a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="footer-social"> <h6 class="footer-social__title">Follow us</h6> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/www.meteo.be" class="footer-social__links" target="_blank"> <i class="icon icon--facebook footer-social__links__icon"></i> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/meteobefr" class="footer-social__links" target="_blank"> <i class="icon icon--twitter footer-social__links__icon"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/kmi_irm/" class="footer-social__links" target="_blank"> <i class="icon icon--instagram footer-social__links__icon"></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="sub-footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="sub-footer__inner"> <div class="sub-footer__info"> <p class="sub-footer__info__time"> © RMI 2025 </p> </div> <ul class="sub-footer__nav__list"><li class="sub-footer__nav__list__item"><a href="/about-rmi/legal-informations" class="" >Legal informations</a> </li></ul> <ul class="sub-footer__nav__list"> <li class="sub-footer__nav__list__item"> <a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-target="legal_privacy_policy" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_privacy_policy" > Privacy policy </a> </li> <li class="sub-footer__nav__list__item"> <a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-target="legal_cookie_preferences" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_cookie_preferences" > Cookie preferences </a> </li> </ul> <p class="sub-footer__credentials"> Created by <a href="http://www.kunstmaan.be" target="_blank" class="sub-footer__credentials__link"> <img src="/frontend/img/general/logo-kumai.svg?v20241107-0827" alt="Kunstmaan | Accenture Interactive" class="sub-footer__credentials__link__img"> </a> </p> <div class="sub-footer__partners"> <a href="http://www.belspo.be/" target="_blank" class="sub-footer__partners__link"> <img src="/frontend/img/footer/belspo-logo.png?v20241107-0827" alt="belspo logo" class="sub-footer__partners__link__img"> </a> <a href="http://www.belgium.be/" target="_blank" class="sub-footer__partners__link"> <img src="/frontend/img/footer/be-logo.png?v20241107-0827" alt="be logo" class="sub-footer__partners__link__img"> </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </footer> <script src="/frontend/js/bundle-subsites.js?v20241107-0827"></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en"></script> <kuma-cookie-bar> <div id="kmcc-backdrop" class="kmcc-backdrop"></div><div id="kmcc-cookie-bar" class="kmcc-cookie-bar"> <div class="kmcc-container"> <h2>This website works best with cookies</h2> <div class="kmcc-row"> <div class="kmcc-col js-kmcc-collapsible-content"> <h5 class="kmcc-collapsible-content__title js-kmcc-collapsible-content__title"> <span>Functional cookies</span> <svg class="icon icon--chevron--down kmcc-collapsible-content__title__icon"> <use xlink:href="/frontend/img/legal/svg/symbol-defs.svg#icon--chevron--down"></use> </svg> </h5> <div class="kmcc-collapsible-content__content-container"> <div class="kmcc-collapsible-content__content js-kmcc-collapsible-content__content"> <p>These are essential cookies that ensure that this website functions properly.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="kmcc-col js-kmcc-collapsible-content"> <h5 class="kmcc-collapsible-content__title js-kmcc-collapsible-content__title"> <span>Analytical cookies</span> <svg class="icon icon--chevron--down kmcc-collapsible-content__title__icon"> <use xlink:href="/frontend/img/legal/svg/symbol-defs.svg#icon--chevron--down"></use> </svg> </h5> <div class="kmcc-collapsible-content__content-container"> <div class="kmcc-collapsible-content__content js-kmcc-collapsible-content__content"> These enable us to measure the general use of this website. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="kmcc-cookie-bar__footer"> <div class="kmcc-cookie-bar__footer__preferences"> <div class="kmcc-cookie-bar__footer__preferences__first"><p>You can change these settings at any time in your <a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_cookie_preferences">cookie preferences</a>. You can also view our <a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-target="legal_privacy_policy" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_privacy_policy">privacy policy</a>.</p></div><div class="kmcc-cookie-bar__footer__preferences__first--mobile"><a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-target="legal_privacy_policy" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_privacy_policy">privacy policy</a></div> <div class="kmcc-cookie-bar__footer__preferences__second"> <a id="kmcc-accept-all-cookies" class="btn btn--primary kmcc-btn kmcc-btn--spaced" href="#" data-href="/en/legal/toggle-all-cookies"> I accept all cookies</a> <a class="js-kmcc-extended-modal-button" data-target="legal_cookie_preferences" data-url="/en/legal/modal/legal_cookie_preferences"> I would like to set my cookie preferences manually </a> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <input type="hidden" id="kmcc-modal-content-url" value="/en/legal/modal/legal_cookie_preferences"><div id="kmcc-cookie-modal" class="kmcc-cookie-modal legal-modal--narrow"> <svg id="kmcc-cookie-modal__close-button" class="icon icon--cross svg-parent kmcc-btn-close-modal"> <use xlink:href="/frontend/img/legal/svg/symbol-defs.svg#icon--cross"></use></svg> <div id="kmcc-modal-content" class="kmcc-cookie-modal__content"> <div id="kmcc-modal-content-wrapper"> </div> </div> <div class="kmcc-cookie-modal__detail-view"> <a href="#" id="kmcc-close-detail" class="kmcc-btn-close-detail"> <svg class="icon icon--chevron--down kmcc-btn-close-detail__icon"> <use xlink:href="/frontend/img/legal/svg/symbol-defs.svg#icon--chevron--down"></use></svg> <span class="kmcc-btn-close-detail__text"> back </span></a> <div id="kmcc-detail-content" class="kmcc-cookie-modal__detail-view__content-wrapper"> </div> </div></div> <div id="kmcc-notification" class="kmcc-notification"> <p class="kmcc-notification__content"> Cookies saved </p></div> </kuma-cookie-bar> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

KMI - QA/SAC for ozonesondes