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Quelling the People - Wikipedia
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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">Quelling the People <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quelling+the+People&rft.author=%5B%5BTimothy+Brook%5D%5D&rft.date=1992%2C%3Cbr+%2F%3E1+December+1998&rft.pub=%27%27%5B%5BOxford+University+Press%5D%5D%27%27%2C%3Cbr+%2F%3E%0A%27%27Lester+Publishing%27%27%2C%3Cbr+%2F%3E%27%27%5B%5BStanford+University+Press%5D%5D%27%27&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=292"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Quelling_the_People.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/25/Quelling_the_People.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="206" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="136" data-file-height="206" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Front cover of <i>Quelling the People</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Brook" title="Timothy Brook">Timothy Brook</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data">History</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></i>,<br /> <i>Lester Publishing</i>,<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Publication date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1992,<br />1 December 1998</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print (<a href="/wiki/Hardcover" title="Hardcover">Hardback</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">Paperback</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pages</th><td class="infobox-data">292</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3638-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-3638-3">0-8047-3638-3</a> (paper)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement</b></i> is a history book which investigates the conflict between the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_democracy_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese democracy movement">Chinese democracy movement</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a>, culminating in the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre</a> in Beijing.<sup id="cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The book is written by <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Brook" title="Timothy Brook">Timothy Brook</a>, a distinguished Canadian <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a><sup id="cite_ref-WashingtonPostDirda_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPostDirda-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who specializes in the <a href="/wiki/Sinology" title="Sinology">study of China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ObserverConrad_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ObserverConrad-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synopsis">Synopsis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Synopsis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Quelling the People</i> investigates the conflict between the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a> <a href="/wiki/Social_movement" title="Social movement">movement</a> in Beijing, China and the Communist Party-controlled People's Liberation Army. The democracy movement began during the <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Spring" title="Beijing Spring">Beijing Spring</a> in 1978 and the conflict culminated in a <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">mass confrontation</a> between the citizens of Beijing and the People's Liberation Army at Tiananmen Square in June 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The immediate conflict at Tiananmen Square was brought to an end by the People's Liberation Army which used force, causing the death of hundreds of civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The massacre was followed by a "media silence"<sup id="cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_dissent" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppression of dissent">suppression</a> of the democracy movement. </p><p>In the book, which centres around a "detailed reconstruction of the Tiananmen Square massacre on June 3 and 4, 1989,"<sup id="cite_ref-AmazonQuelling_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AmazonQuelling-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the author examines the confusion of, and mistakes made by, the Chinese authorities, as well as the role of the "<a href="/wiki/Tank_Man" title="Tank Man">Tank Man</a>", the civilian who famously stood his ground in front of a column of four army tanks that were leaving Tiananmen Square.<sup id="cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=June_Teufel_Dreyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="June Teufel Dreyer (page does not exist)">June Teufel Dreyer</a>, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_China_Quarterly" title="The China Quarterly">The China Quarterly</a></i> states that "the author skillfully weaves eyewitness accounts into a smoothly flowing narrative. Two maps of Beijing assist the reader in following the actions described, and there is a useful chronology of events. The work should interest both generalists and specialists, and spans the disciplines of history, <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">sociology</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the reviewer finds it "difficult to accept Brook's conclusion, advanced in the final pages of the book and without prior <a href="/wiki/Concept" title="Concept">conceptualization</a>" in which he makes a "startling last-minute resort to external <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialism</a>-as-<a href="/wiki/Bogeyman" title="Bogeyman">bogeyman</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the journal <i><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Affairs" title="Pacific Affairs">Pacific Affairs</a></i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tony_Saich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tony Saich (page does not exist)">Tony Saich</a> is of the opinion that "the author has done a magnificent job of reconstructing the <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> <a href="/wiki/Mobilization" title="Mobilization">mobilization</a> in Beijing and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_at_Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army at Tiananmen Square protests of 1989">role of the People's Liberation Army</a> in the bloody suppression of the Chinese people's movement." He sums up <i>Quelling the People</i> as "a moving book that vividly displays the extraordinary bravery of the residents of Beijing."<sup id="cite_ref-PacificAffairsSaich_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PacificAffairsSaich-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_China" title="Democracy in China">Democracy in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Government_in_Exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan Government in Exile">Tibetan Government in Exile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Tibet_(1950)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Tibet (1950)">Invasion of Tibet</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PBSTankMan-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBSTankMan_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2005" class="citation web cs1">Staff (11 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tankman/interviews/brook.html">"FRONTLINE: The Tank Man: Interviews: Timothy Brook (edited transcript)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">Public Broadcasting Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FRONTLINE%3A+The+Tank+Man%3A+Interviews%3A+Timothy+Brook+%28edited+transcript%29&rft.pub=Public+Broadcasting+Service&rft.date=2005-12-11&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fpages%2Ffrontline%2Ftankman%2Finterviews%2Fbrook.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashingtonPostDirda-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonPostDirda_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDirda2008" class="citation news cs1">Dirda, Michael (27 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/24/AR2008012402715.html">"Painting the World: How a hunger for tea and tobacco created global trade"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Painting+the+World%3A+How+a+hunger+for+tea+and+tobacco+created+global+trade.&rft.date=2008-01-27&rft.aulast=Dirda&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F01%2F24%2FAR2008012402715.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ObserverConrad-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ObserverConrad_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConrad2008" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Conrad_(academic)" title="Peter Conrad (academic)">Conrad, Peter</a> (29 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2008/jun/29/review.features1">"A time when every picture told a story"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=A+time+when+every+picture+told+a+story&rft.date=2008-06-29&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2008%2Fjun%2F29%2Freview.features1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AmazonQuelling-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AmazonQuelling_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff1998" class="citation book cs1">Staff (1998). <i>Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement: product description</i>. Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0804736383" title="Special:BookSources/0804736383"><bdi>0804736383</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement%3A+product+description&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0804736383&rft.au=Staff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span> From the book's back cover "blurb".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChinaQuarterlyDreyer_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDreyer1993" class="citation journal cs1">Dreyer, June Teufel (December 1993). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i><a href="/wiki/The_China_Quarterly" title="The China Quarterly">The China Quarterly</a></i>. <b>136</b> (136). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Oriental_and_African_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Oriental and African Studies">School of Oriental and African Studies</a>: 988–989. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305741000032446">10.1017/S0305741000032446</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/655602">655602</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155061305">155061305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=136&rft.pages=988-989&rft.date=1993-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155061305%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F655602%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305741000032446&rft.aulast=Dreyer&rft.aufirst=June+Teufel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span> Special Issue: Greater China (December 1993).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PacificAffairsSaich-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PacificAffairsSaich_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaich1993–1994" class="citation journal cs1">Saich, Tony (Winter 1993–1994). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Affairs" title="Pacific Affairs">Pacific Affairs</a></i>. <b>66</b> (4). Pacific Affairs, <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>: 573–574. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2760686">10.2307/2760686</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2760686">2760686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Affairs&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=573-574&rft.date=1993%2F1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2760686&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2760686%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Saich&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulvenon2000" class="citation journal cs1">Mulvenon, James (February 2000). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i>The Journal of Asian Studies</i>. <b>59</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Asian_Studies" title="Association for Asian Studies">Association for Asian Studies</a>: 145–146. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2658599">10.2307/2658599</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658599">2658599</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:159711035">159711035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=145-146&rft.date=2000-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A159711035%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2658599%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2658599&rft.aulast=Mulvenon&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWortzel1994" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wortzel" title="Larry Wortzel">Wortzel, Larry M.</a> (January 1994). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Journal_of_Chinese_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs">Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs</a></i>. <b>31</b> (31). Contemporary China Center, <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>: 123–126. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2949905">10.2307/2949905</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2949905">2949905</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Chinese+Affairs&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=31&rft.pages=123-126&rft.date=1994-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2949905&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2949905%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wortzel&rft.aufirst=Larry+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span> Volume or issue is simply shown as "No. 31".</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2005" class="citation web cs1">Staff (11 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tankman/interviews/brook.html">"FRONTLINE: The Tank Man: Interviews: Timothy Brook (edited transcript)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">Public Broadcasting Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FRONTLINE%3A+The+Tank+Man%3A+Interviews%3A+Timothy+Brook+%28edited+transcript%29&rft.pub=Public+Broadcasting+Service&rft.date=2005-12-11&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fpages%2Ffrontline%2Ftankman%2Finterviews%2Fbrook.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDreyer1993" class="citation journal cs1">Dreyer, June Teufel (December 1993). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i><a href="/wiki/The_China_Quarterly" title="The China Quarterly">The China Quarterly</a></i>. <b>136</b> (136). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Oriental_and_African_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Oriental and African Studies">School of Oriental and African Studies</a>: 988–989. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305741000032446">10.1017/S0305741000032446</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/655602">655602</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155061305">155061305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=136&rft.pages=988-989&rft.date=1993-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155061305%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F655602%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305741000032446&rft.aulast=Dreyer&rft.aufirst=June+Teufel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span> Special Issue: Greater China (December 1993).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaich1993–1994" class="citation journal cs1">Saich, Tony (Winter 1993–1994). "Quelling the People: The Military Suppression of the Beijing Democracy Movement by Timothy Brook". <i><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Affairs" title="Pacific Affairs">Pacific Affairs</a></i>. <b>66</b> (4). Pacific Affairs, <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>: 573–574. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2760686">10.2307/2760686</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2760686">2760686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Affairs&rft.atitle=Quelling+the+People%3A+The+Military+Suppression+of+the+Beijing+Democracy+Movement+by+Timothy+Brook&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=573-574&rft.date=1993%2F1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2760686&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2760686%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Saich&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuelling+the+People" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quelling_the_People&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><small><a href="/wiki/Template:External_links_for_Timothy_Brook_(historian)" title="Template:External links for Timothy Brook (historian)">[view template]</a></small> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orinst.ox.ac.uk/staff/ea/chinese/tbrook.html">Academic profile at the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford (2009)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slopenagency.com/sa/timothybrook">Author's pages at Beverley Slopen Literary Agency</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Books_by_Timothy_Brook" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Timothy_Brook" title="Template:Timothy Brook"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Timothy_Brook" title="Template talk:Timothy Brook"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Timothy_Brook" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Timothy Brook"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Books_by_Timothy_Brook" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Books by <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Brook" title="Timothy Brook">Timothy Brook</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quelling the People</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praying_for_Power" title="Praying for Power">Praying for Power</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Confusions_of_Pleasure" title="The Confusions of Pleasure">The Confusions of Pleasure</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chinese_State_in_Ming_Society" title="The Chinese State in Ming Society">The Chinese State in Ming Society</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Collaboration:_Japanese_Agents_and_Local_Elites_in_Wartime_China" title="Collaboration: Japanese Agents and Local Elites in Wartime China">Collaboration</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vermeer%27s_Hat" title="Vermeer's Hat">Vermeer's Hat</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_by_a_Thousand_Cuts_(book)" title="Death by a Thousand Cuts (book)">Death by a Thousand Cuts</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Troubled_Empire" title="The Troubled Empire">The Troubled Empire</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Template:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Template talk:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_Fourth_Movement" title="May Fourth Movement">May Fourth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Proclamation of the People's Republic of China">Proclamation of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tiananmen_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="1976 Tiananmen Incident">1976 Tiananmen Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boluan_Fanzheng" title="Boluan Fanzheng">Boluan Fanzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Enlightenment_(China)" title="New Enlightenment (China)">New Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Spring" title="Beijing Spring">Beijing Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_reform" title="Chinese economic reform">Economic reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_against_spiritual_pollution" title="Campaign against spiritual pollution">Campaign against spiritual pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Chinese_student_demonstrations" title="1986 Chinese student demonstrations">1986 Chinese student demonstrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_China" title="Corruption in China">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_responsibility_system" title="Household responsibility system">Household responsibility system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_26_Editorial" title="April 26 Editorial">April 26 Editorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27_demonstrations" title="April 27 demonstrations">April 27 demonstrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_hunger_strikes" title="Tiananmen hunger strikes">Hunger Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_between_students_and_the_government_during_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Dialogue between students and the government during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Dialogue between students and the government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funding_of_student_organizations_during_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Funding of student organizations during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Funding of student organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Mao_portrait_vandalism_incident" title="1989 Mao portrait vandalism incident">Mao portrait incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Sino-Soviet_Summit" title="1989 Sino-Soviet Summit">Sino-Soviet Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_9_Deng_speech" title="June 9 Deng speech">June 9 Deng speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_at_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="People's Liberation Army at the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Military involvement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist<br />Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle"><a href="/wiki/Eight_Elders" title="Eight Elders">Elders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Shangkun" title="Yang Shangkun">Yang Shangkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen_(general)" title="Wang Zhen (general)">Wang Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle"><a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Qili" title="Hu Qili">Hu Qili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Regional leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ximing" title="Li Ximing">Li Ximing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xitong" title="Chen Xitong">Chen Xitong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Rongji" title="Zhu Rongji">Zhu Rongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bao_Tong" title="Bao Tong">Bao Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Yaobang" title="Hu Yaobang">Hu Yaobang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Gan" title="Luo Gan">Luo Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Mingfu" title="Yan Mingfu">Yan Mingfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Mu" title="Yuan Mu">Yuan Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Li" title="Wan Li">Wan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xueqian" title="Wu Xueqian">Wu Xueqian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Protesters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Leading figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bei_Dao" title="Bei Dao">Bei Dao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chai_Ling" title="Chai Ling">Chai Ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cui_Jian" title="Cui Jian">Cui Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Qing" title="Dai Qing">Dai Qing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Zilin" title="Ding Zilin">Ding Zilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Lizhi" title="Fang Lizhi">Fang Lizhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Zheng" title="Fang Zheng">Fang Zheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Congde" title="Feng Congde">Feng Congde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Gang" title="Liu Gang">Liu Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Dongfang" title="Han Dongfang">Han Dongfang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Dejian" title="Hou Dejian">Hou Dejian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lu" title="Li Lu">Li Lu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xianbin" title="Liu Xianbin">Liu Xianbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Benli" title="Qin Benli">Qin Benli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Tong" title="Shen Tong">Shen Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Baiqiao" title="Tang Baiqiao">Tang Baiqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Bingzhang_(dissident)" title="Wang Bingzhang (dissident)">Wang Bingzhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dan_(dissident)" title="Wang Dan (dissident)">Wang Dan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Youcai" title="Wang Youcai">Wang Youcai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu%27erkaixi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu'erkaixi">Wu'erkaixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiong_Yan_(dissident)" title="Xiong Yan (dissident)">Xiong Yan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Jiaqi" title="Yan Jiaqi">Yan Jiaqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Dongyue" title="Yu Dongyue">Yu Dongyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Boli" title="Zhang Boli">Zhang Boli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Changqing" title="Zhao Changqing">Zhao Changqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongjun_incident" title="Zhou Yongjun incident">Zhou Yongjun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Workers%27_Autonomous_Federation" title="Beijing Workers' Autonomous Federation">Beijing Workers' Autonomous Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Students%27_Autonomous_Federation" title="Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation">Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_at_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="People's Liberation Army at the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Generals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Huaqing" title="Liu Huaqing">Liu Huaqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Haotian" title="Chi Haotian">Chi Haotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Baibing" title="Yang Baibing">Yang Baibing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Jiwei" title="Qin Jiwei">Qin Jiwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xuezhi" title="Hong Xuezhi">Hong Xuezhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Guanglie" title="Liang Guanglie">Liang Guanglie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Qinxian" title="Xu Qinxian">Xu Qinxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lianxiu" title="Li Lianxiu">Li Lianxiu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Army units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="12th Army (People's Republic of China)">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Airborne_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Airborne Corps">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Army (People's Republic of China)">20th</a></li> <li>24th</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Army (People's Republic of China)">26th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="27th Army (People's Republic of China)">27th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="28th Army (People's Republic of China)">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/38th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="38th Army (People's Republic of China)">38th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="39th Army (People's Republic of China)">39th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="40th Army (People's Republic of China)">40th</a></li> <li>54th</li> <li>63rd</li> <li>64th</li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Army (People's Republic of China)">65th</a></li> <li>67th</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Almost_a_Revolution" title="Almost a Revolution">Almost a Revolution</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tiananmen_Journal" title="A Tiananmen Journal">A Tiananmen Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Collection_of_June_Fourth_Poems" title="Collection of June Fourth Poems">Collection of June Fourth Poems</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Critical_Moment" title="The Critical Moment">The Critical Moment – Li Peng Diaries</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escape_from_China" title="Escape from China">Escape from China</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Execution_(painting)" title="Execution (painting)">Execution</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gate_of_Heavenly_Peace_(film)" title="The Gate of Heavenly Peace (film)">The Gate of Heavenly Peace</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Heart_for_Freedom" title="A Heart for Freedom">A Heart for Freedom</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunt_(advertisement)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hunt (advertisement)">Leica advert</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moving_the_Mountain_(1994_film)" title="Moving the Mountain (1994 film)">Moving the Mountain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_the_State" title="Prisoner of the State">Prisoner of the State</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quelling the People</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_Over_Tiananmen_Square" title="Sunrise Over Tiananmen Square">Sunrise Over Tiananmen Square</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Exiles" title="Tiananmen Exiles">Tiananmen Exiles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tiananmen_Papers" title="The Tiananmen Papers">The Tiananmen Papers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pillar_of_Shame" title="Pillar of Shame">Pillar of Shame</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimerica_(play)" title="Chimerica (play)">Chimerica</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chimerica_(TV_series)" title="Chimerica (TV series)">TV series</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Human rights<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China Support Network</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Party_of_China" title="Democracy Party of China">Democracy Party of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Alliance_in_Support_of_Patriotic_Democratic_Movements_of_China" title="Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China">Hong Kong Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_in_China_(organization)" title="Human Rights in China (organization)">Human Rights in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Centre_for_Human_Rights_and_Democracy" title="Information Centre for Human Rights and Democracy">Information Centre for Human Rights and Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Yellowbird" title="Operation Yellowbird">Operation Yellowbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Mothers" title="Tiananmen Mothers">Tiananmen Mothers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Memorials_for_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Memorials for the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Anniversaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="10th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">10th (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="20th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">20th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="21st anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">21st (2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="24th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">24th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="25th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">25th (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="30th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">30th (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="31st anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">31st (2020)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32nd_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="32nd anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">32nd (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Icons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Nothing_to_My_Name" title="Nothing to My Name">Nothing to My Name</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_Man" title="Tank Man">Tank Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_4th_Museum" title="June 4th Museum">June 4th Museum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goddess_of_Democracy" title="Goddess of Democracy">Goddess of Democracy</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goddess_of_Democracy_(Hong_Kong)" title="Goddess of Democracy (Hong Kong)">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="Reactions to the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Reactions to the protests and massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrest_and_trial_of_Chen_Ziming_and_Wang_Juntao" title="Arrest and trial of Chen Ziming and Wang Juntao">Arrest and trial of Chen Ziming and Wang Juntao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Human rights in China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐mcbjw Cached time: 20241123031950 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.426 seconds Real time usage: 0.572 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1877/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 89574/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1931/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 54795/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.267/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6128739/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion 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