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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=YouTuber" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=YouTuber" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=YouTuber" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=YouTuber" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengaruh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengaruh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pengaruh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengaruh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keberhasilan_komersial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keberhasilan_komersial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Keberhasilan komersial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keberhasilan_komersial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">YouTuber</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 60 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89_(%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8)" title="صانع محتوى (يوتيوب) – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صانع محتوى (يوتيوب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Ютюбър – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ютюбър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="ইউটিউবার – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউটিউবার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1" title="یووتیووبەر – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یووتیووبەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="یوتیوبر – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوتیوبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubettaja" title="Tubettaja – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tubettaja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtubeur" title="Youtubeur – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Youtubeur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtubeiro,_youtubeira" title="Youtubeiro, youtubeira – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Youtubeiro, youtubeira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8" title="יוטיובר – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוטיובר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="यूट्यूबर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूट्यूबर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%8A%9C%EB%B2%84" title="유튜버 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유튜버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%97%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%9B%D9%88%D9%97%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="یوٗٹیٛوٗبر – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یوٗٹیٛوٗبر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Јутубер – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јутубер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="यूट्यूबर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="यूट्यूबर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggiat_YouTube" title="Penggiat YouTube – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penggiat YouTube" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC" title="ယူကျုဘာ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူကျုဘာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0" title="ਯੂਟਿਊਬਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਟਿਊਬਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTubeyaq" title="YouTubeyaq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="YouTubeyaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ютубер – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ютубер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtuber" title="Youtuber – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Youtuber" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D1%82%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Јутјубер – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јутјубер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtubare" title="Youtubare – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Youtubare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ยูทูบเบอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยูทูบเบอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%87%D8%A8%DA%86%D9%89_(%D9%83%DB%95%D8%B3%D9%BE)" title="يوتىيۇبچى (كەسپ) – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="يوتىيۇبچى (كەسپ)" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ютубер – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ютубер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="یوٹیوب شخصیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوٹیوب شخصیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="YouTuber" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17125263#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/YouTuber" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:YouTuber" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/YouTuber"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/YouTuber"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/YouTuber" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/YouTuber" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&oldid=26749755" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=YouTuber&id=26749755&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYouTuber"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYouTuber"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=YouTuber"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=YouTuber&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:YouTubers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17125263" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Untuk film Indonesia, lihat <a href="/wiki/Youtubers" title="Youtubers">Youtubers</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:YouTube_Logo_2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/YouTube_Logo_2017.svg/220px-YouTube_Logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/YouTube_Logo_2017.svg/330px-YouTube_Logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/YouTube_Logo_2017.svg/440px-YouTube_Logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="114" /></a><figcaption>Logo YouTube tahun 2017</figcaption></figure> <p><b> YouTube</b>, <b>naravlog YouTube</b>, atau <b>penggiat YouTube</b> adalah videografer yang membuat video untuk diunggah di <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. Beberapa YouTuber punya sponsor dari perusahaan untuk <a href="/wiki/Penempatan_produk" title="Penempatan produk">menempatkan produk</a> mereka dalam video yang diunggah YouTuber tersebut tnya 3 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"YouTuber" berarti orang yang menggiati YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerslev_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Sejarah_YouTube" title="Sejarah YouTube">sejarah YouTube</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg/220px-Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg/330px-Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg/440px-Jawed_Karim_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="692" data-file-height="908" /></a><figcaption>Pendiri YouTube <a href="/wiki/Jawed_Karim" title="Jawed Karim">Jawed Karim</a> membuat kanal YouTube pertama bernama "Jawed" pada tanggal 23 April 2005.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Nama_domain" title="Nama domain">Nama domain</a> Internet <code>www.youtube.com</code> diaktifkan pada tanggal 14 Februari 2005 oleh <a href="/wiki/Chad_Hurley" title="Chad Hurley">Chad Hurley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Chen" title="Steve Chen">Steve Chen</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Jawed_Karim" title="Jawed Karim">Jawed Karim</a>, ketika mereka bekerja di <a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kanal YouTube pertama bernama "Jawed" dibuat pada tanggal 23 April 2005 oleh Jawed Karim.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia mengunggah video YouTube pertama berupa vlog pendek dengan judul "<a href="/wiki/Me_at_the_zoo" title="Me at the zoo">Me at the zoo</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada bulan Oktober 2005, YouTube meluncurkan fitur langganan ke kanal-kanal mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menurut <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, hingga 2006, kebanyakan video di YouTube berisi konten bakat, aksi salto, sinkronisasi bibir, dan bakat-bakat orang lain yang diunggah dalam bentuk klip, seperti klip dari kanal <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live">Saturday Night Live</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada bulan Juni 2006, berbagai perusahaan musik Hollywood terkenal menjalin bisnis formal dengan <a href="/wiki/Pembuatan_konten" title="Pembuatan konten">pembuat konten</a> berbakat "buatan sendiri" di YouTube. Blogger pelawak <a href="/wiki/Brooke_Brodack" title="Brooke Brodack">Brooke "Brookers" Brodack</a> adalah yang pertama bekerja sama dengan perusahaan Hollywood (via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carson_Daly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carson Daly (halaman belum tersedia)">Carson Daly</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-LATimes20060619_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes20060619-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> disusul oleh musisi <a href="/wiki/Justin_Bieber" title="Justin Bieber">Justin Bieber</a> (via <a href="/wiki/Usher" title="Usher">Usher</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-Billboard20100319_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billboard20100319-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan dokter sekaligus satiris politik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bassem_Youssef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bassem Youssef (halaman belum tersedia)">Bassem Youssef</a> (via jaringan televisi Mesir).<sup id="cite_ref-CBS60Minutes20140316_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBS60Minutes20140316-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DeutscheWelle20140207_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeutscheWelle20140207-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 2007, YouTube menyelenggarakan "Program Mitra", yaitu bagi hasil pendapatan dari iklan yang dihasilkan di video-video milik YouTuber.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada bulan Oktober 2015, ada sekitar 17.000 kanal YouTube dengan 100.000 pelanggan, dan sekitar 1.500 kanal dengan lebih dari sejuta pelanggan.<sup id="cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dredge_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada bulan Januari 2019, angka ini terus melambung menjadi 44.000 kanal dengan 250.000 pelanggan.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengaruh">Pengaruh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Pengaruh" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengaruh"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg/250px-PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg/330px-PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg/500px-PewDiePie_at_PAX_2015_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1776" data-file-height="2367" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/PewDiePie" title="PewDiePie">PewDiePie</a>, individu dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_saluran_Youtube_dengan_pelanggan_terbanyak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar saluran Youtube dengan pelanggan terbanyak (halaman belum tersedia)">pelanggan terbanyak</a> di YouTube, di PAX 2015.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Pengaruh_sosial_YouTube" title="Pengaruh sosial YouTube">Pengaruh sosial YouTube</a></div> <p>Menurut beberapa penelitian, para YouTuber telah menjadi sumber informasi dan hiburan penting bagi generasi <a href="/wiki/Milenial" title="Milenial">milenial</a>. YouTuber yang berpengaruh sering dideskripsikan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Selebritas" title="Selebritas">mikroselebritas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerslev_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karena YouTube secara luas dipahami sebagai platform video <a href="/wiki/Media_sosial" title="Media sosial">media sosial</a> dari bawah ke atas, mikroselebritas tampaknya tidak terlibat dengan sistem komersial dan budaya selebritas yang sudah mapan, melainkan tampak memerintah sendiri dan independen. Penampilan ini, pada gilirannya, menyebabkan YouTubers dipandang lebih <i>relatable</i> dan otentik, yang juga dipupuk oleh koneksi langsung antara artis dan pemirsa menggunakan media YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerslev_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dredge_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dalam survei tahun 2014 yang dilakukan oleh <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> di kalangan anak-anak berusia 13-18 tahun di Amerika Serikat tentang apakah 10 selebritas YouTube atau 10 selebritas tradisional lebih berpengaruh, tokoh YouTube mengambil lima tempat teratas, dengan <a href="/wiki/Smosh" title="Smosh">Smosh</a> sebagai selebritas paling berpengaruh.<sup id="cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dredge_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ketika diulangi pada tahun 2015, survei menemukan enam YouTuber di peringkat pertama, dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=KSI_(YouTuber)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KSI (YouTuber) (halaman belum tersedia)">KSI</a> sebagai yang paling berpengaruh.<sup id="cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dredge_2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beberapa YouTuber terkemuka dan pengaruhnya adalah subjek untuk studi ilmiah, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zoella (halaman belum tersedia)">Zoella</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jerslev_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/PewDiePie" title="PewDiePie">PewDiePie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karena tingkat pengaruh ini, Robert Hovden berpendapat untuk pembuatan indeks baru yang mirip dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indeks-g&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indeks-g (halaman belum tersedia)">indeks-g</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Indeks-h" title="Indeks-h">indeks-h</a> untuk mengevaluasi keluaran dan dampak seseorang di YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keberhasilan_komersial">Keberhasilan komersial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Keberhasilan komersial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keberhasilan komersial"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg/220px-Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg/330px-Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg/440px-Pewdiepie_head_shot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>PewDiePie adalah seorang Yobtuber asal Swedia yang Terbesar di gaming</figcaption></figure> <p>Keberhasilan video YouTube mereka telah menjadikan para YouTuber target dari sponsor korporat yang membayar untuk dimasukkan dalam video.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 2015, <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i> melaporkan bahwa Felix Kjellberg, yang dikenal di YouTube sebagai <a href="/wiki/PewDiePie" title="PewDiePie">PewDiePie</a>, telah menghasilkan $12 juta pada tahun 2014, lebih dari beberapa aktor populer seperti <a href="/wiki/Cameron_Diaz" title="Cameron Diaz">Cameron Diaz</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow" title="Gwyneth Paltrow">Gwyneth Paltrow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 2015, <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a> menyatakan bahwa <i><a href="/wiki/Vlog" title="Vlog">vlogging</a> telah menjadi bisnis besar</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada tahun 2018, <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordstrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nordstrom (halaman belum tersedia)">Nordstrom</a>, dan lainnya mencari bintang YouTube sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemasaran_pemengaruh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemasaran pemengaruh (halaman belum tersedia)">pemengaruh</a> (<i>influencer</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Selain itu, bintang-bintang YouTube telah menyeberang ke platform media lain termasuk televisi larut malam seperti YouTuber Kanada <a href="/wiki/Lilly_Singh" title="Lilly Singh">Lilly Singh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang menjadi pembawa acara <a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Little_Late_with_Lilly_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Little Late with Lilly Singh (halaman belum tersedia)">A Little Late with Lilly Singh</a> di <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em;;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_tokoh_YouTube" title="Daftar tokoh YouTube">Daftar tokoh YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_saluran_YouTube_dengan_pelanggan_terbanyak" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar saluran YouTube dengan pelanggan terbanyak">Daftar saluran YouTube dengan pelanggan terbanyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_saluran_yang_paling_banyak_ditonton_di_YouTube" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar saluran yang paling banyak ditonton di YouTube">Daftar saluran yang paling banyak ditonton di YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTuber_virtual" title="YouTuber virtual">YouTuber virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Play_Buttons" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube Play Buttons">YouTube Play Buttons</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTuber&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Jerslev_2016-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jerslev_2016_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Jerslev, Anne (14 Oktober 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5078">"In the Time of the Microcelebrity: Celebrification the YouTuber Zoella"</a>. <i>International Journal of Communication</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <b>10</b> (2016): 5233–5251. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1932-8036">1932-8036</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Communication&rft.atitle=In+the+Time+of+the+Microcelebrity%3A+Celebrification+the+YouTuber+Zoella&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2016&rft.pages=5233-5251&rft.date=2016-10-14&rft.issn=1932-8036&rft.aulast=Jerslev&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fijoc.org%2Findex.php%2Fijoc%2Farticle%2Fview%2F5078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usatoday-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Graham, Jefferson (21 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/techinnovations/2005-11-21-video-websites_x.htm">"Video websites pop up, invite postings"</a>. <i>USA Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Mei</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Video+websites+pop+up%2C+invite+postings&rft.date=2005-11-21&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Jefferson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Ftech%2Fnews%2Ftechinnovations%2F2005-11-21-video-websites_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A">"jawed"</a>. <i>YouTube</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=jawed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fchannel%2FUC4QobU6STFB0P71PMvOGN5A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCehNZX9AYUzCpySC9iDMjEg">"YouTube Data Viewer"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=YouTube+Data+Viewer&rft.pub=Amnesty+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fchannel%2FUCehNZX9AYUzCpySC9iDMjEg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polygon.com/2018/4/23/17272402/first-youtube-video-anniversary-13-jawed-karim">"YouTube created a FOMO viewing culture over the past 13 years"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polygon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polygon (halaman belum tersedia)">Polygon</a></i>. 23 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polygon&rft.atitle=YouTube+created+a+FOMO+viewing+culture+over+the+past+13+years&rft.date=2018-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2F2018%2F4%2F23%2F17272402%2Ffirst-youtube-video-anniversary-13-jawed-karim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://youtube.googleblog.com/2005/10/its-been-awhile-since-our-last-update.html">"It's been awhile since our last update"</a>. <i>Official YouTube Blog</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">10 Oktober</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Official+YouTube+Blog&rft.atitle=It%27s+been+awhile+since+our+last+update&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyoutube.googleblog.com%2F2005%2F10%2Fits-been-awhile-since-our-last-update.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Carney, John (16 April 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/16/arts/people-who-watch-people-lost-in-an-online-hall-of-mirrors.html">"People Who Watch People: Lost in an Online Hall of Mirrors"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=People+Who+Watch+People%3A+Lost+in+an+Online+Hall+of+Mirrors&rft.date=2006-04-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Carney&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F04%2F16%2Farts%2Fpeople-who-watch-people-lost-in-an-online-hall-of-mirrors.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes20060619-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes20060619_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Collins, Scott (19 Juni 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jun/19/entertainment/et-channel19">"Now she has their attention"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6MfxAU28P?url=http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jun/19/entertainment/et-channel19">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 16 Januari 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">18 Mei</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Now+she+has+their+attention&rft.date=2006-06-19&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F2006%2Fjun%2F19%2Fentertainment%2Fet-channel19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Billboard20100319-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Billboard20100319_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Herrera, Monica (19 Maret 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6MfyFel8l?url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/959001/justin-bieber-the-billboard-cover-story?page=0,1">"Justin Bieber - The Billboard Cover Story"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard" class="mw-disambig" title="Billboard">Billboard</a></i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/959001/justin-bieber-the-billboard-cover-story?page=0%2C1">versi asli</a> tanggal 16 Januari 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Justin+Bieber+-+The+Billboard+Cover+Story&rft.date=2010-03-19&rft.aulast=Herrera&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F959001%2Fjustin-bieber-the-billboard-cover-story%3Fpage%3D0%252C1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBS60Minutes20140316-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBS60Minutes20140316_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Simon, Bob (16 Maret 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6O9JOSxOp?url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/meet-the-jon-stewart-of-egypt-bassem-youssef/">"Meet the "Jon Stewart of Egypt": Bassem Youssef (60 Minutes transcript)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/meet-the-jon-stewart-of-egypt-bassem-youssef/">versi asli</a> tanggal 17 Maret 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+the+%22Jon+Stewart+of+Egypt%22%3A+Bassem+Youssef+%2860+Minutes+transcript%29&rft.pub=CBS+News&rft.date=2014-03-16&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fmeet-the-jon-stewart-of-egypt-bassem-youssef%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeutscheWelle20140207-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DeutscheWelle20140207_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6O9JkmeBZ?url=http://www.dw.de/youssef-important-to-have-other-opinions/a-17415965">"Youssef: 'Important to have other opinions<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>"</a>. Deutsche Welle. 7 Februari 2014. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/youssef-important-to-have-other-opinions/a-17415965">versi asli</a> tanggal 17 Maret 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Youssef%3A+%27Important+to+have+other+opinions%27&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft.date=2014-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fyoussef-important-to-have-other-opinions%2Fa-17415965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">John Seabrook (26 Januari 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6MVASRAtr?url=http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/16/120116fa_fact_seabrook?currentPage=all">"Streaming Dreams"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/01/16/streaming-dreams">versi asli</a> tanggal 9 Januari 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 Juni</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Streaming+Dreams&rft.date=2012-01-26&rft.au=John+Seabrook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2012%2F01%2F16%2Fstreaming-dreams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dredge_2018-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dredge_2018_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Dredge, Stuart (3 Februari 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/feb/03/why-youtube-stars-popular-zoella">"Why are YouTube stars so popular?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">3 Mei</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Why+are+YouTube+stars+so+popular%3F&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.aulast=Dredge&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2016%2Ffeb%2F03%2Fwhy-youtube-stars-popular-zoella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Patrick van Kessel (4 Desembee 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/12/04/10-facts-about-americans-and-youtube/">"10 facts about Americans and YouTube"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 Desember</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=10+facts+about+Americans+and+YouTube&rft.chron=4+Desembee+2019&rft.au=Patrick+van+Kessel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Ffact-tank%2F2019%2F12%2F04%2F10-facts-about-americans-and-youtube%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Ault, Susanne (2015-07-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/youtubers-teen-survey-ksi-pewdiepie-1201544882/">"Digital Star Popularity Grows Versus Mainstream Celebrities"</a>. <i>Variety</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2018-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Digital+Star+Popularity+Grows+Versus+Mainstream+Celebrities&rft.date=2015-07-23&rft.aulast=Ault&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2015%2Fdigital%2Fnews%2Fyoutubers-teen-survey-ksi-pewdiepie-1201544882%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Beers Fägersten, Kristy (2017-08-01). "The role of swearing in creating an online persona: The case of YouTuber PewDiePie". <i>Discourse, Context & Media</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <b>18</b>: 1–10. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.dcm.2017.04.002">10.1016/j.dcm.2017.04.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2211-6958">2211-6958</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Discourse%2C+Context+%26+Media&rft.atitle=The+role+of+swearing+in+creating+an+online+persona%3A+The+case+of+YouTuber+PewDiePie&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=1-10&rft.date=2017-08-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.dcm.2017.04.002&rft.issn=2211-6958&rft.aulast=Beers+F%C3%A4gersten&rft.aufirst=Kristy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hovden, Robert (2013-09-12). "Bibliometrics for Internet media: Applying theh-index to YouTube". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <b>64</b> (11): 2326–2331. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1303.0766">1303.0766</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dapat diakses gratis"><img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.22936">10.1002/asi.22936</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1532-2882">1532-2882</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Bibliometrics+for+Internet+media%3A+Applying+theh-index+to+YouTube&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=2326-2331&rft.date=2013-09-12&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1303.0766&rft.issn=1532-2882&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.22936&rft.aulast=Hovden&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Andres, Sarah (2021-11-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videosgrow.com/how-to-get-sponsored-on-youtube/">"How to Get Sponsored on YouTube: Definitive Guide"</a>. <i>Videosgrow</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Videosgrow&rft.atitle=How+to+Get+Sponsored+on+YouTube%3A+Definitive+Guide&rft.date=2021-11-26&rft.aulast=Andres&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideosgrow.com%2Fhow-to-get-sponsored-on-youtube%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Mandle, Chris (15 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/forbes-names-pewdiepie-as-highest-earning-youtuber-with-annual-income-reaching-12m-a6695536.html">"Forbes names PewDiePie as highest-earning YouTuber with annual income reaching $12m"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Forbes+names+PewDiePie+as+highest-earning+YouTuber+with+annual+income+reaching+%2412m&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.aulast=Mandle&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fforbes-names-pewdiepie-as-highest-earning-youtuber-with-annual-income-reaching-12m-a6695536.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bassett, Jordan (13 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/features/nme-investigation-are-youtubers-the-new-pop-stars-756865">"NME Investigation: Are YouTubers The New Pop Stars?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=NME+Investigation%3A+Are+YouTubers+The+New+Pop+Stars%3F&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft.aulast=Bassett&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Ffeatures%2Fnme-investigation-are-youtubers-the-new-pop-stars-756865&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Jones, Charisse (6 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/06/walmart-nordstrom-others-look-to-youtube-stars-millennials-and-gen-z.html">"Walmart, Nordstrom and others look to YouTube stars to woo millennials and Gen Z"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Walmart%2C+Nordstrom+and+others+look+to+YouTube+stars+to+woo+millennials+and+Gen+Z&rft.date=2018-08-06&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Charisse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F08%2F06%2Fwalmart-nordstrom-others-look-to-youtube-stars-millennials-and-gen-z.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Leskin, Paige. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/lilly-singh-youtube-net-worth-life-career-late-night-show-2019-11">"The life and rise of Lilly Singh, the YouTube star who now hosts her own late night show and is now worth over $10 million"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=The+life+and+rise+of+Lilly+Singh%2C+the+YouTube+star+who+now+hosts+her+own+late+night+show+and+is+now+worth+over+%2410+million&rft.aulast=Leskin&rft.aufirst=Paige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Flilly-singh-youtube-net-worth-life-career-late-night-show-2019-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AYouTuber" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Navigasi_YouTube&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="YouTube" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pendiri</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Chen" title="Steve Chen">Steve Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Hurley" title="Chad Hurley">Chad Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawed_Karim" title="Jawed Karim">Jawed Karim</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:YouTube_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/YouTube_2024.svg/60px-YouTube_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/YouTube_2024.svg/120px-YouTube_2024.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1469" data-file-height="317" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saluran YouTube</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTube_Awards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YouTube Awards (halaman belum tersedia)">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Debat_presiden_CNN-YouTube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debat presiden CNN-YouTube (halaman belum tersedia)">Debat presiden CNN-YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTube_Comedy_Week&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YouTube Comedy Week (halaman belum tersedia)">Comedy Week</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTube_Live&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YouTube Live (halaman belum tersedia)">Live</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTube_Symphony_Orchestra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YouTube Symphony Orchestra (halaman belum tersedia)">Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_for_Awesome" title="Project for Awesome">Project for Awesome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Music_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube Music Awards">Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Premium" title="YouTube Premium">Premium <i>(sebelumya YouTube Red)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Rewind" title="YouTube Rewind">Rewind</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YouTube_Original_Channel_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YouTube Original Channel Initiative (halaman belum tersedia)">Original Channels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Budaya & Video</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">YouTuber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BookTube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BookTube (halaman belum tersedia)">BookTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BreadTube" title="BreadTube">BreadTube</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charlie_Bit_My_Finger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charlie Bit My Finger (halaman belum tersedia)">Charlie Bit My Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vevo" title="Vevo">Saluran Vevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draw_My_Life" title="Draw My Life">Draw My Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Play" title="Let's Play">Let's Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me_at_the_zoo" title="Me at the zoo">Me at the zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PewDiePie_vs_T-Series" title="PewDiePie vs T-Series">PewDiePie vs T-Series</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reply_girl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reply girl (halaman belum tersedia)">Reply girl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daftar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_tokoh_YouTube" title="Daftar tokoh YouTube">Tokoh YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_saluran_YouTube_dengan_pelanggan_terbanyak" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar saluran YouTube dengan pelanggan terbanyak">Saluran terlaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_video_yang_paling_banyak_ditonton_di_YouTube" title="Daftar video yang paling banyak ditonton di YouTube">Video terlaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_video_yang_paling_banyak_disukai_di_YouTube" title="Daftar video yang paling banyak disukai di YouTube">Video yang paling banyak disukai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_video_yang_paling_tidak_disukai_di_YouTube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar video yang paling tidak disukai di YouTube (halaman belum tersedia)">Video yang paling tidak disukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_saluran_yang_paling_banyak_ditonton_di_YouTube" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar saluran yang paling banyak ditonton di YouTube">Saluran yang paling banyak ditonton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artikel terkait</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_API" title="YouTube API">API</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyensoran_YouTube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyensoran YouTube (halaman belum 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