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Saadaval 89 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83" title="فرنسيس كريك – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرنسيس كريك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransis_Krik" title="Fransis Krik – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransis Krik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فرانسیس کریک – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فرانسیس کریک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="ফ্রান্সিস ক্রিক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রান্সিস ক্রিক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Фрэнсіс Гары Крык – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрэнсіс Гары Крык" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Франсис Крик – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Франсис Крик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA" title="Φράνσις Κρικ – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φράνσις Κρικ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فرانسیس کریک – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرانسیس کریک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AD" title="프랜시스 크릭 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랜시스 크릭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD_%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Ֆրենսիս Քրիք – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրենսիս Քրիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="फ्रैन्सिस क्रिक – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्रैन्सिस क्रिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Harry_Compton_Crick" title="Francis Harry Compton Crick – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francis Harry Compton Crick" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7" title="פרנסיס קריק – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרנסיס קריק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D" title="ಫ಼್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಕ್ರಿಕ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಫ಼್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಕ್ರಿಕ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ფრენსის კრიკი – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრენსის კრიკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Фрэнсис Крик – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фрэнсис Крик" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Crick" title="Franciscus Crick – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Franciscus Crick" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C4%81nsiss_Kriks" title="Frānsiss Kriks – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Frānsiss Kriks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Harry_Compton_Crick" title="Francis Harry Compton Crick – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Francis Harry Compton Crick" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Френсис Крик – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Френсис Крик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ഫ്രാൻസിസ് ക്രിക്ക് – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫ്രാൻസിസ് ക്രിക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ფრენსის კრიკი – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფრენსის კრიკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83" title="فرنسيس كريك – Egiptuse araabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرنسيس كريك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egiptuse araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فرانسیس کریک – mazandaraani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فرانسیس کریک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="フランシス・クリック – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランシス・クリック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95" title="ਫਰਾਂਸਿਸ ਕ੍ਰਿਕ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫਰਾਂਸਿਸ ਕ੍ਰਿਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="فرینسس کرک – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرینسس کرک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%A9" title="فرانسس کرېک – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فرانسس کرېک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Harry_Compton_Crick" title="Francis Harry Compton Crick – alamsaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Francis Harry Compton Crick" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alamsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Крик, Фрэнсис – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крик, Фрэнсис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D" title="फ्रान्सिस् एच् सि क्रिक् – sanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फ्रान्सिस् एच् सि क्रिक्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Harry_Compton_Crick" title="Francis Harry Compton Crick – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Francis Harry Compton Crick" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فڕانسس کریک – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فڕانسس کریک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransis_Krik" title="Fransis Krik – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Fransis Krik" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="பிரான்சிஸ் கிரிக் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரான்சிஸ் கிரிக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Фрәнсис Крик – tatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фрәнсис Крик" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ฟรานซิส คริก – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟรานซิส คริก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Френсіс Крік – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Френсіс Крік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="فرانسس کرک – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانسس کرک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B" title="弗朗西斯·克里克 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗朗西斯·克里克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Francis Crick" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8C%E5%8D%A1" title="法蘭西斯·卡里卡 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法蘭西斯·卡里卡" 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6347534">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.sisterproject{width:20em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.standard-talk.bordered th{border:1px solid #c0c090}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}</style></div><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold"><span class="fn">Francis Crick</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Francis_Crick_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Francis_Crick_1995.jpg/220px-Francis_Crick_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Francis_Crick_1995.jpg/330px-Francis_Crick_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Francis_Crick_1995.jpg/440px-Francis_Crick_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2096" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div>Francis Crick (1995)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right: 1em">Sündinud</th><td> <a href="/wiki/8._juuni" title="8. juuni">8. juuni</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weston_Favell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weston Favell (pole veel kirjutatud)">Weston Favell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right: 1em">Surnud</th><td> 28. juuli 2004 (88-aastaselt)<br /><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right: 1em"><i>Alma mater</i></th><td> <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cambridge%27i_%C3%9Clikool" title="Cambridge'i Ülikool">Cambridge'i Ülikool</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Teadlaskarjäär</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right: 1em">Tegevusalad</th><td> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsika" title="Füüsika">füüsika</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Molekulaarbioloogia" title="Molekulaarbioloogia">molekulaarbioloogia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right: 1em">Tunnustus</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Nobeli_meditsiiniauhind" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobeli meditsiiniauhind">Nobeli meditsiiniauhind</a> (1962)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Autogramm</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Francis_Crick_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_signature.svg/100px-Francis_Crick_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_signature.svg/150px-Francis_Crick_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_signature.svg/200px-Francis_Crick_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="241" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Francis Harry Compton Crick</b> (<a href="/wiki/8._juuni" title="8. juuni">8. juuni</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Weston_Favell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weston Favell (pole veel kirjutatud)">Weston Favell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a> – <a href="/wiki/28._juuli" title="28. juuli">28. juuli</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>) oli <a href="/wiki/Suurbritannia" title="Suurbritannia">Briti</a> <a href="/wiki/Molekulaarbioloog" class="mw-redirect" title="Molekulaarbioloog">molekulaarbioloog</a> ja <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsik" title="Füüsik">füüsik</a>, üks <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> struktuuri kindlakstegijatest, kes pälvis koos <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">James Watsoni</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Maurice Wilkinsiga</a> <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a>. aastal <a href="/wiki/Nobeli_f%C3%BCsioloogia-_v%C3%B5i_meditsiiniauhind" title="Nobeli füsioloogia- või meditsiiniauhind">Nobeli meditsiiniauhinna</a>. </p><p>Juba väga noorelt oli Crick huvitatud teadusest ja luges teadusraamatuid. Esimesi teaduskatseid hakkas ta tegema kodus kümneaastaselt. Keskkoolis oli ta keskendunud reaalainetele. Ta lõpetas <a href="/wiki/Londoni_%C3%9Clikool" title="Londoni Ülikool">Londoni Ülikooli</a> füüsika erialal 21-aastaselt. Doktoritööd alustas <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>. aastal, see aga katkes seoses <a href="/wiki/Teine_maailmas%C3%B5da" title="Teine maailmasõda">Teise maailmasõjaga</a> (laborit tabas pomm). </p><p>Sõja ajal oli ta üks Briti mereväe jaoks magnet- ja akustiliste <a href="/wiki/Meremiin" title="Meremiin">meremiinide</a> väljatöötajaid. <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>. aastal asus Crick õppima <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>'i Strangewaysi laboris bioloogiat ja <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>. aastal liitus ta teadlasena <a href="/wiki/Meditsiiniuuringute_N%C3%B5ukogu" title="Meditsiiniuuringute Nõukogu">Meditsiiniuuringute Nõukogu</a> töörühmaga <a href="/wiki/Cambridge%27i_%C3%9Clikool" title="Cambridge'i Ülikool">Cambridge'i Ülikooli</a> Cavendishi laboratooriumis, uurides röntgenikiirte murdumist. Doktoritöö lõpetas Crick <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>. aastal. </p><p>1957. aastal võttis ta kasutusele ka tänapäeval kasutatava mõiste "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsentraalne_dogma_(molekulaarbioloogia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsentraalne dogma (molekulaarbioloogia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">molekulaarbioloogia tsentraalne dogma</a>". See on tõdemus, et DNA <a href="/wiki/Informatsioon" title="Informatsioon">informatsioon</a>, mis on liikunud <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> <a href="/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul">molekulilt</a> <a href="/wiki/Valgud" title="Valgud">valkudeni</a>, ei saa tagasi liikuda valkudest RNA-le ja DNA-le. </p><p>Ta kirjutas ka neli raamatut. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tunnustus">Tunnustus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Tunnustus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Tunnustus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1959 – valiti<a href="/wiki/Londoni_Kuninglik_Selts" title="Londoni Kuninglik Selts"> Londoni Kuningliku Seltsi</a> liikmeks</li> <li>1962 – <a href="/wiki/Nobeli_f%C3%BCsioloogia-_v%C3%B5i_meditsiiniauhind" title="Nobeli füsioloogia- või meditsiiniauhind">Nobeli füsioloogia- või meditsiiniauhind</a></li> <li>1962 – valiti <a href="/wiki/Ameerika_Kunstide_ja_Teaduste_Akadeemia" title="Ameerika Kunstide ja Teaduste Akadeemia">Ameerika Kunstide ja Teaduste Akadeemia</a> välisliikmeks</li> <li>1964 – valiti <a href="/wiki/Iiri_Kuninglik_Akadeemia" title="Iiri Kuninglik Akadeemia">Iiri Kuningliku Akadeemia</a> välisliikmeks</li> <li>1969 – valiti <a href="/wiki/Leopoldina" title="Leopoldina">Leopoldina</a> liikmeks</li> <li>1972 – valiti <a href="/wiki/Ameerika_Filosoofiaselts" title="Ameerika Filosoofiaselts">Ameerika Filosoofiaseltsi</a> välisliikmeks</li> <li>1978 – valiti <a href="/wiki/Prantsuse_Teaduste_Akadeemia" title="Prantsuse Teaduste Akadeemia">Prantsuse Teaduste Akadeemia</a> välisliikmeks</li> <li>1985 – valiti <a href="/wiki/India_Teaduste_Akadeemia" title="India Teaduste Akadeemia">India Teaduste Akadeemia</a> välisliikmeks</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="sisterproject plainlinks" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child:before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child:after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li:before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child:before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>1901 <a href="/wiki/Emil_von_Behring" title="Emil von Behring">Behring</a></li> <li>1902 <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross">Ross</a></li> <li>1903 <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen" title="Niels Ryberg Finsen">Finsen</a></li> <li>1904 <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Pavlov</a></li> <li>1905 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Koch</a></li> <li>1906 <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Golgi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Ramón y Cajal</a></li> <li>1907 <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Laveran" title="Alphonse Laveran">Laveran</a></li> <li>1908 <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Met%C5%A1nikov" title="Ilja Metšnikov">Metšnikov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a></li> <li>1909 <a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Kocher</a></li> <li>1910 <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Kossel</a></li> <li>1911 <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Gullstrand</a></li> <li>1912 <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrel</a></li> <li>1913 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Richet" title="Charles Richet">Richet</a></li> <li>1914 <a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Bárány</a></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1915</span></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1916</span></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1917</span></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1918</span></li> <li>1919 <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Bordet</a></li> <li>1920 <a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">Krogh</a></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1921</span></li> <li>1922 <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Hill" title="Archibald Hill">Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Meyerhof</a></li> <li>1923 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Banting</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_James_Richard_Macleod" title="John James Richard Macleod">Macleod</a></li> <li>1924 <a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Einthoven</a></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1925</span></li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:1px; padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nobel"><img alt="Nobel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/50px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/75px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/100px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5492003"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>1926 <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fibiger" title="Johannes Fibiger">Fibiger</a></li> <li>1927 <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Wagner-Jauregg</a></li> <li>1928 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Nicolle</a></li> <li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Eijkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins" title="Frederick Gowland Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li>1930 <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Landsteiner</a></li> <li>1931 <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Warburg</a></li> <li>1932 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Sherrington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian">Adrian</a></li> <li>1933 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Morgan" title="Thomas Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li>1934 <a href="/wiki/George_Hoyt_Whipple" title="George Hoyt Whipple">Whipple</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Richards_Minot" title="George Richards Minot">Minot</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li>1935 <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Spemann</a></li> <li>1936 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dale" title="Henry Dale">Dale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Loewi</a></li> <li>1937 <a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Szent-Györgyi</a></li> <li>1938 <a href="/wiki/Corneille_Heymans" title="Corneille Heymans">Heymans</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Domagk</a></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1940</span></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1941</span></li> <li><span style="color: darkgrey;">1942</span></li> <li>1943 <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Doisy</a></li> <li>1944 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Erlanger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser" title="Herbert Spencer Gasser">Gasser</a></li> <li>1945 <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Chain" title="Ernst Chain">Chain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Florey" title="Howard Florey">Florey</a></li> <li>1946 <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Muller" title="Hermann Muller">Muller</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">C. F. Cori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerty_Theresa_Cori" title="Gerty Theresa Cori">G. T. Cori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Alberto_Houssay" title="Bernardo Alberto Houssay">Houssay</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Müller</a></li> <li>1949 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">Egas Moniz</a></li> <li>1950 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kendall" title="Edward Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tadeusz_Reichstein" title="Tadeusz Reichstein">Reichstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hench" title="Philip Hench">Hench</a></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5492003"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>1951 <a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Theiler</a></li> <li>1952 <a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Waksman</a></li> <li>1953 <a href="/wiki/Hans_Adolf_Krebs" title="Hans Adolf Krebs">Krebs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Lipmann</a></li> <li>1954 <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">Enders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Weller" title="Thomas Weller">Weller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Robbins" title="Frederick Robbins">Robbins</a></li> <li>1955 <a href="/wiki/Axel_Hugo_Theorell" title="Axel Hugo Theorell">Theorell</a></li> <li>1956 <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Cournand" title="André Cournand">Cournand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Forssmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_Richards" title="Dickinson Richards">Richards</a></li> <li>1957 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Bovet</a></li> <li>1958 <a href="/wiki/George_Wells_Beadle" title="George Wells Beadle">Beadle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Tatum" title="Edward Tatum">Tatum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a></li> <li>1959 <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" title="Severo Ochoa">Ochoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Kornberg</a></li> <li>1960 <a href="/wiki/Frank_Burnet" title="Frank Burnet">Burnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Brian_Medawar" title="Peter Brian Medawar">Medawar</a></li> <li>1961 <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Békésy</a></li> <li>1962 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crick</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">Watson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Wilkins</a></li> <li>1963 <a href="/wiki/John_Carew_Eccles" title="John Carew Eccles">Eccles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin" title="Alan Lloyd Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Huxley</a></li> <li>1964 <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Lynen" title="Feodor Lynen">Lynen</a></li> <li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">Jacob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff" title="André Lwoff">Lwoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Monod</a></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Peyton_Rous" title="Francis Peyton Rous">Rous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brenton_Huggins" title="Charles Brenton Huggins">Huggins</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Granit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Hartline" title="Haldan Hartline">Hartline</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">Wald</a></li> <li>1968 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Holley" title="Robert Holley">Holley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Khorana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Nirenberg</a></li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Delbrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Hershey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Luria</a></li> <li>1970 <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Euler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" title="Julius Axelrod">Axelrod</a></li> <li>1971 <a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland" title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Edelman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Robert_Porter" title="Rodney Robert Porter">Porter</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Frisch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niko_Tinbergen" title="Niko Tinbergen">Tinbergen</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Claude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Duve</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Palade" title="George Palade">Palade</a></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Dulbecco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Temin" title="Howard Temin">Temin</a></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5492003"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Blumberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Gajdusek</a></li> <li>1977 <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Guillemin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Schally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Yalow">Yalow</a></li> <li>1978 <a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Arber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Nathans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Smith" title="Hamilton Smith">Smith</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/wiki/Allan_Cormack" title="Allan Cormack">Cormack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Hounsfield</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Benacerraf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Dausset</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Snell" title="George Snell">Snell</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" title="Roger Sperry">Sperry</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Hunter_Hubel" title="David Hunter Hubel">Hubel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Wiesel</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Bergström</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Samuelsson" title="Bengt Samuelsson">Samuelsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Vane" title="John Vane">Vane</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">McClintock</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/wiki/Niels_Kaj_Jerne" title="Niels Kaj Jerne">Jerne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Jean_Franz_K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges Jean Franz Köhler">Köhler</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">Milstein</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Goldstein</a></li> <li>1986 <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen" title="Stanley Cohen">Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Levi-Montalcini</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Tonegawa</a></li> <li>1988 <a href="/wiki/James_Black" title="James Black">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Elion" title="Gertrude Elion">Elion</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Hitchings" title="George Hitchings">Hitchings</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bishop" title="Michael Bishop">Bishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Varmus" title="Harold Varmus">Varmus</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Murray" title="Joseph Murray">Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Donnall_Thomas" title="Edward Donnall Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Neher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Sakmann</a></li> <li>1992 <a href="/wiki/Edmond_Fischer" title="Edmond Fischer">Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Krebs" title="Edwin Krebs">Krebs</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roberts" title="Richard Roberts">Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Sharp" title="Phillip Sharp">Sharp</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gilman" title="Alfred Gilman">Gilman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Rodbell</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis" title="Edward Lewis">Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Nüsslein-Volhard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Wieschaus" title="Eric Wieschaus">Wieschaus</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" title="Peter C. Doherty">Doherty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Zinkernagel" title="Rolf Zinkernagel">Zinkernagel</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Prusiner" title="Stanley Prusiner">Prusiner</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Furchgott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ignarro" title="Louis Ignarro">Ignarro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Murad</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Blobel</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Carlsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Greengard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Kandel</a></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;">2001–2025</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5492003"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Leland_Hartwell" title="Leland Hartwell">Hartwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Maxime_Nurse" title="Paul Maxime Nurse">Nurse</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Brenner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Horvitz" title="Robert Horvitz">Horvitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">Sulston</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Lautebur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Axel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Buck</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall">Marshall</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Robin_Warren" title="John Robin Warren">Warren</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fire" title="Andrew Fire">Fire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Cameron_Mello" title="Craig Cameron Mello">Mello</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Capecchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Smithies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Evans</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">Hausen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Barré-Sinoussi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Montagnier</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Blackburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider">Greider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Szostak</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Beutler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steinman" title="Ralph Steinman">Steinman</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">Gurdon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Yamanaka</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">Rothman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Schekman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas Südhof">Südhof</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe" title="John O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a>, <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">May-Britt Moser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">Edvard Moser</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/William_Cecil_Campbell" title="William Cecil Campbell">Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Ōmura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Tu</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_%C5%8Csumi" title="Yoshinori Ōsumi">Ōsumi</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Rosbash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Young</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">Allison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Honjo</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin_Jr." title="William Kaelin Jr.">Kaelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Ratcliffe" title="Peter Ratcliffe">Ratcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregg_Semenza" title="Gregg Semenza">Semenza</a></li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Alter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Houghton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Rice</a></li> <li>2021 <a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">Julius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Patapoutian</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Pääbo</a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Karikó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Weissman</a></li> <li>2024 <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Ruvkun</a></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&oldid=6244627">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Crick&oldid=6244627</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooriad</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Suurbritannia_bioloogid" title="Kategooria:Suurbritannia bioloogid">Suurbritannia bioloogid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:F%C3%BC%C3%BCsikud" title="Kategooria:Füüsikud">Füüsikud</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Nobeli_f%C3%BCsioloogia-_v%C3%B5i_meditsiiniauhinna_laureaadid" title="Kategooria:Nobeli füsioloogia- või meditsiiniauhinna laureaadid">Nobeli füsioloogia- või meditsiiniauhinna laureaadid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:S%C3%BCndinud_1916" title="Kategooria:Sündinud 1916">Sündinud 1916</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Surnud_2004" title="Kategooria:Surnud 2004">Surnud 2004</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Molekulaarbioloogid" title="Kategooria:Molekulaarbioloogid">Molekulaarbioloogid</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Selle lehekülje viimane muutmine: 23:05, 18. november 2022.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst on kasutatav vastavalt Creative Commonsi litsentsile "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.et">Autorile viitamine + jagamine samadel tingimustel</a>"; sellele võivad lisanduda täiendavad tingimused. 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