CINXE.COM
Overview of 1 Timothy — Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY
<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en"> <head> <title>Overview of 1 Timothy — Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/> <meta name="description" content="This is an authorized Web site of Jehovah’s Witnesses. It is a research tool for publications in various languages produced by Jehovah’s Witnesses."/> <meta name="keywords" content="jehovah's witnesses, jehovah, witness, watchtower, library, online, publications"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/icon/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/icon/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/icon/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/icon/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/icon/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/icon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/icon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/icon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#799FCC"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/icon/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/icon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="WOL"> <meta name="application-name" content="WOL"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#799fcc"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="no"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://b.jw-cdn.org/code/media-player/v3.0.0/css/media-player.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/+0+974f270baf9554651558d525c4fb9b2bbaba7049.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/+1+eda9e25e8d65b8146f2068ea6cf0d4486172ce3d.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/+2+8bc20ec72a3d6bdee112c222e4724ab91daca5e0.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/+3+5fe81ac8c80b601f07459195d4af94edf92bb720.css"/> <script> var localizedNumbers = ["0","1"]; window.VIDEOJS_NO_DYNAMIC_STYLE = true; </script> <input id="insightApi" type="hidden" value="https://b.jw-cdn.org/apis/insight/events" /> <script src="/assets/js/+0+3b23965c032d57f4d3f2965f87b3740e2c650208.js"></script> </head> <body class="showRuby cc-theme--light DynamicLayout"> <style id="scalableui"></style> <script> if (window.Cookies != null) { // Apply user preferred font size // Doesn't apply to static pages, all of which don't scale text var fontScale = Cookies.get('fontScale'); if (fontScale) { var scalableuiStyleContainer = document.getElementById('scalableui'); var scalableuiStyleSheet = scalableuiStyleContainer.sheet; scalableuiStyleSheet.insertRule( '.scalableui{font-size:' + fontScale * 100 + '%;}', scalableuiStyleSheet.cssRules.length ); } } </script> <div id="wrapper" class="dropShadow50"> <input id="locale" type="hidden" value="en" /> <input id="tooltipContentErrorMessage" type="hidden" value="Please click here to open the document." /> <input id="rsconf" type="hidden" value="r1" /> <input id="lib" type="hidden" value="lp-e" /> <input id="libLang" type="hidden" value="English" /> <input id="libTitle" type="hidden" value="English Publications (1950-2025)" /> <input id="libDir" type="hidden" value="ltr" /> <input id="libLangSym" type="hidden" value="E" /> <input id="libLangScript" type="hidden" value="ROMAN" /> <input id="libLangIsSignLanguage" type="hidden" value="" /> <input id="libraryLocale" type="hidden" value="en" /> <input id="contentLocale" type="hidden" value="en" /> <input id="contentRsconf" type="hidden" value="r1" /> <input id="contentLib" type="hidden" value="lp-e" /> <input id="contentLibLang" type="hidden" value="English" /> <input id="contentLibTitle" type="hidden" value="English Publications (1950-2025)" /> <input id="rubyAvailable" type="hidden" value="false" /> <input id="contentLibDir" type="hidden" value="ltr" /> <input id="contentLibLangSym" type="hidden" value="E" /> <input id="contentLibLangScript" type="hidden" value="ROMAN" /> <input id="contentLibLangIsSignLanguage" type="hidden" value="false" /> <input id="siteCookieDomain" type="hidden" value="wol.jw.org" /> <input id="audioMultiselect" type="hidden" value="" /> <input id="site" type="hidden" value="unified" /> <input id="updatedMediaPlayer" type="hidden" value="1" /> <div id="regionHeader" class="chrome showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <div id="siteBanner"> <div class="title"> <a href="/en/wol/h/r1/lp-e"> <span class="logo"><span class="icon"></span></span> <div class="ellipsized label"> <span class="ellipsized titleBig">Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY</span> <div class="ellipsized titleLittle siteTitleLine1">Watchtower</div> <div class="ellipsized titleLittle siteTitleLine2">ONLINE LIBRARY</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="language"> <a class="chrome librarySelectionLink spriteLink" data-lang="E" href="/en/wol/li/r1/lp-e"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">English</span> </a> </div> </div> <div id="toolbarFrame"> <div id="standardSearch" class="searchControl"> <form class="searchForm" role="search" method="GET" action="/en/wol/qt/r1/lp-e"> <div class="searchFieldContainer"> <input type="hidden" id="st" name="st" /> <input class="searchField" name="q" accept-charset="utf-8" type="text" title="Search operators: * = any text; ? = any character; " " = exact phrase; & = AND; | = OR; ! = NOT; () = group" aria-label="Type search text or a Bible citation" placeholder="Enter Topic" autocomplete="off" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autofocus="autofocus" spellcheck="false" maxlength="256" value=""/> <span class="searchFieldCancel"><span class="icon"></span></span> </div> <div class="searchControlContainer"> <input type="hidden" name="p" value="par"/> <input type="hidden" name="r" value="occ"/> <input class="searchButton" type="submit" value="SEARCH"/> </div> <div class="searchControlButtons"> <button class="searchIcon menuButton" type="button" aria-label="search"><span class="icon"></span></button> <button class="closeIcon menuButton" type="button" aria-label="cancel"><span class="icon"></span></button> </div> <div class="suggestions hidden"></div> </form> </div> <div id="toolbarMenu"> <ul class="menu" role="menu"> <li id="menuToolsPreferences" class="menuButton iconOnly menuRight" role="menuitem" aria-label="preferences"> <a href="/en/wol/pref/r1/lp-e?url=%2Fen%2Fwol%2Fbibledocument%2Fr1%2Flp-e%2Fnwtsty%2F54%2Foverview" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span> </a> </li> <li id="menuToolsShare" class="menuButton iconOnly menuRight" role="menuitem" aria-label="share"> <a id="shareButton" class="shareButtonIcon hidden" href="#"> <span class="icon"></span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="menuHome" role="menuitem" class="showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a href="/en/wol/h/r1/lp-e" aria-label="home"> <span class="icon"></span> </a> </div> <div id="menuFrame"> <ul id="menuBar" class="menu" role="menubar"> <li id="menuBible" class="chrome menuButton showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" role="menuitem" aria-label="bible" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a href="/en/wol/binav/r1/lp-e" role="menuitem" aria-label="bible"><span class="icon"></span><span class="label">BIBLE</span></a> </li> <li id="menuPublications" class="chrome menuButton showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" role="menuitem" aria-label="publications" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a href="/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications" role="menuitem" aria-label="publications"><span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">PUBLICATIONS</span></a> </li> <li id="menuToday" class="chrome menuButton showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" role="menuitem" aria-label="meetings" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a class="todayNav" href="/en/wol/meetings/r1/lp-e" role="menuitem" aria-label="meetings"><span class="icon"></span><span class="label">MEETINGS</span></a> </li> <li id="menuSearchHitNext" class="chrome menuButton iconOnly menuRight hidden showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a href="#"><span class="icon"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="regionMain" class="unified navLeft showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr " lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr" > <div id="documentCitationInformation"> <div></div> <div></div> </div> <div id="content" class="content"> <div id="banner" class="siteBanner showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> </div> <article id="article" class="article bibleNav html5 pub-nwtsty docClass-114 jwac showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr contentOnly" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr" role="article"> <div role="navigation"> <nav> <header> <a href="/en/wol/binav/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/54" class="backNav"><span class="icon"></span><span class="contextTtl">New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)</span></a> <h1><strong>Overview of 1 Timothy</strong></h1> </header> </nav> </div> <div class="scalableui"> <header> <h1 id="p1" data-pid="1"><strong>Overview of 1 Timothy</strong></h1> </header> <ul class="outline"> <li class="L1"><p id="p2" data-pid="2" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>A.</strong></span> <strong>INTRODUCTORY GREETING (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/0/0"><strong>1:1, 2</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p3" data-pid="3" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>B.</strong></span> <strong>TIMOTHY APPOINTED TO FIGHT AGAINST FALSE TEACHINGS IN THE EPHESUS CONGREGATION (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/1/0"><strong>1:3-20</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p4" data-pid="4" class="s5">Timothy encouraged “to command certain ones not to teach different doctrine” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/2/0">1:3-7</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p5" data-pid="5" class="s5">The Law is fine when applied properly (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/3/0">1:8-11</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p6" data-pid="6" class="s5">Paul is grateful for the undeserved kindness shown to him (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/4/0">1:12-16</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p7" data-pid="7" class="s5">Praise to “the King of eternity” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/5/0">1:17</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p8" data-pid="8" class="s5">Paul encourages Timothy to “go on waging the fine warfare” with faith and a good conscience (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/6/0">1:18-20</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p9" data-pid="9" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>C.</strong></span> <strong>INSTRUCTION REGARDING PRAYER AND CONDUCT IN THE CONGREGATION (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/7/0"><strong>2:1-15</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p10" data-pid="10" class="s5">Prayers to be made concerning all sorts of men; God wants all sorts of people to be saved (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/8/0">2:1-7</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p11" data-pid="11" class="s5">Instructions on prayer, proper conduct, and dress when coming together for worship (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/9/0">2:8-10</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p12" data-pid="12" class="s5">Women not “to teach or to exercise authority over a man” in the congregation (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/10/0">2:11-15</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p13" data-pid="13" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>D.</strong></span> <strong>QUALIFIED MEN TO KEEP THE CONGREGATION STRONG (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/11/0"><strong>3:1-16</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p14" data-pid="14" class="s5">Qualifications for overseers (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/12/0">3:1-7</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p15" data-pid="15" class="s5">Qualifications for ministerial servants; counsel to Christian women (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/13/0">3:8-13</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p16" data-pid="16" class="s5">The congregation to be “a pillar and support of the truth” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/14/0">3:14, 15</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p17" data-pid="17" class="s5">“The sacred secret of this godly devotion” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/15/0">3:16</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p18" data-pid="18" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>E.</strong></span> <strong>APOSTASY FORETOLD; TIMOTHY’S PART IN RESTRAINING IT (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/16/0"><strong>4:1-16</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p19" data-pid="19" class="s5">Warnings against various false teachings (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/17/0">4:1-5</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p20" data-pid="20" class="s5">Timothy to be a fine minister of Christ, developing true godly devotion (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/18/0">4:6-11</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p21" data-pid="21" class="s5">Personal instructions for Timothy to “become an example to the faithful ones” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/19/0">4:12-16</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p22" data-pid="22" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>F.</strong></span> <strong>PROPER CONDUCT TOWARD ALL IN THE CONGREGATION (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/20/0"><strong>5:1–6:2a</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p23" data-pid="23" class="s5">How to treat young and old (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/21/0">5:1, 2</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p24" data-pid="24" class="s5">Guidelines for proper support of widows (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/22/0">5:3-16</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p25" data-pid="25" class="s5">Hardworking elders to be honored; practicers of sin to be reproved (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/23/0">5:17-21</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p26" data-pid="26" class="s5">No man to be appointed hastily (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/24/0">5:22</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p27" data-pid="27" class="s5">“Take a little wine for the sake of your stomach” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/25/0">5:23</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p28" data-pid="28" class="s5">Wrongdoing eventually becomes manifest; so do fine works (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/26/0">5:24, 25</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p29" data-pid="29" class="s5">Slaves to honor their masters (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/27/0">6:1, 2a</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="L1"><p id="p30" data-pid="30" class="se"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>G.</strong></span> <strong>CLOSING WORDS TO TIMOTHY (</strong><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/28/0"><strong>6:2b-21</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p> <ul> <li class="L2"><p id="p31" data-pid="31" class="s5">Characteristics of false teachers (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/29/0">6:2b-5</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p32" data-pid="32" class="s5">Being content with food and clothing (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/30/0">6:6-8</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p33" data-pid="33" class="s5">Warning against “the love of money” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/31/0">6:9, 10</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p34" data-pid="34" class="s5">Instructions for a man of God (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/32/0">6:11-16</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p35" data-pid="35" class="s5">Exhortation to the rich to be “rich in fine works” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/33/0">6:17-19</a>)</p> </li> <li class="L2"><p id="p36" data-pid="36" class="s5">Concluding encouragement: “Guard what has been entrusted to you” (<a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070558/34/0">6:20, 21</a>)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p id="p37" data-pid="37" class="sb"></p> <!-- Root element of lightbox --> <div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pswp__bg"></div> <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap"> <!-- Container that holds slides. --> <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div> <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar"> <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button> <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </button> <button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </button> <div class="pswp__caption"> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="questionContainer"> <ul></ul> </div> <div id="galleryModalContainer" class="underlay full fadeOut"> <div id="galleryModal"> <div class="header"> <div class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div> <div class="galleryHeaderButtons"> <div class="galleryPlayCaption"> <div class="galleryBtn playPauseBtn hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div> </div> <div class="galleryBtn galleryClose"> <div class="closeBtn"><span class="icon"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contents"> <div class="gallery"> <div class="galleryWrapper"> <div class="navWrapper"> <div class="itemContainer"></div> </div> <div class="carouselContainer noTooltips"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" id="bibleDocumentNavigationChapterManyVerseFormat" value="{BibleBookName} {BibleChapter}:{StartingBibleVerse}-{EndingBibleVerse}"/> <input type="hidden" id="bibleDocumentNavigationChapterVerseFormat" value="{BibleBookName} {BibleChapter}:{BibleVerse}"/> <input type="hidden" id="bibleDocumentNavigationChapterVerseRangeFormat" value="{BibleBookName} {StartingBibleChapter}:{StartingBibleVerse}-{EndingBibleChapter}:{EndingBibleVerse}"/> <input type="hidden" id="bibleDocumentNavigationSingleChapterManyVerseFormat" value="{BibleBookName} {StartingBibleVerse}-{EndingBibleVerse}"/> <input type="hidden" id="bibleDocumentNavigationSingleChapterSingleVerseFormat" value="{BibleBookName} {BibleVerse}"/> <input type="hidden" id="documentNavigationMultiplePagesPositionFormat" value="New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition) p. {StartingPageNumber}-{EndingPageNumber}"/> <input type="hidden" id="documentNavigationSinglePagePositionFormat" value="New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition) p. {PageNumber}"/> <input type="hidden" id="documentDescription" value="New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)"/> <input type="hidden" id="englishSym" value="nwtsty"/> <input type="hidden" id="pubMediaServer" value="https://b.jw-cdn.org/apis/pub-media/GETPUBMEDIALINKS"/> <input type="hidden" id="audioPubSym" value="nwtsty"/> <input type="hidden" id="chapNo" value="54"/> <input type="hidden" id="issue" value=""/> <input type="hidden" id="docId" value="1001070558"/> <input type="hidden" id="documentInBible" value="1"/> <input type="hidden" id="hasRuby" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" id="isRuby" value="false" /> <input type="hidden" id="shareBaseUrl" value="https://www.jw.org/finder?wtlocale=E&docid=1001070558&srctype=wol&srcid=share"/> <input type="hidden" id="shareType" value="document"/> <input type="hidden" id="contentTitle" value="Overview of 1 Timothy"/> <input type="hidden" id="parentTitle" value="New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)"/> <input type="hidden" id="contentThumbnail" value="/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/thumbnail"/> </article> </div> </div> <div id="regionFooter" class="chrome showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <input id="returnToLibrary" type="hidden" value="Return to {LibraryName}" /> <div id="userStatus" class="hidden" data-library-color=""> <div class="ellipsized currentLibrary"> <a class="chrome librarySelectionLink spriteLink" data-lang="E" href="/en/wol/li/r1/lp-e"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label ellipsized showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr">English Publications (1950-2025)</span> </a> <div id="cookieLibrary"> </div> </div> <div class="currentUser ellipsized"> <a id="userStatusLabel" class="statusLabel" href="#"> <span class="userName ellipsized"></span> </a> <div id="userControls" class="userControls hidden"> <span id="headerLogout" class="hidden"> <a class="statusItem userLogoutLink" href="#">Log Out</a> </span> </div> </div> <div id="headerLogin" class="hidden"> <a class="statusButton userLoginLink" href="#">Log In</a> </div> </div> <div id="contentFooterNavigation" role="navigation" class=" showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <ul class="contentFooterIcons" role="menubar" class="chrome"> <li id="libraryTitle" class="chrome" role="menuitem" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a class="spriteLink" data-lang="E" href="/en/wol/li/r1/lp-e"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">English</span> </a> </li> <li id="contentFooterShare" role="menuitem" aria-label="share"> <a id="shareButtonFooter" class="shareButtonFooterIcon spriteLink hidden" href="#"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">Share</span> </a> </li> <li id="contentFooterPreferences" role="menuitem" aria-label="preferences"> <a class="spriteLink" href="/en/wol/pref/r1/lp-e?url=%2Fen%2Fwol%2Fbibledocument%2Fr1%2Flp-e%2Fnwtsty%2F54%2Foverview" rel="nofollow"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">Preferences</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="contentFooterLegal" class=" showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <ul class="contentFooterList" role="menubar"> <li class="showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <a href="https://www.jw.org/finder?prefer=content&wtlocale=E&docid=1011511" target="_blank">Copyright</a> © 2025 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania </li> <li> <a href="https://www.jw.org/finder?prefer=content&wtlocale=E&docid=1011511" target="_blank">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.jw.org/finder?prefer=content&wtlocale=E&docid=1011512" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.jw.org/finder?prefer=content&wtlocale=E&docid=1011512" id="privacySettingsButton" class="hidden" target="_blank">Privacy Settings</a> </li> <li id="jworg" role="menuitem" aria-label="jw.org"> <a id="jworgLogo" class="spriteLink" target="_blank" href="https://www.jw.org/finder?wtlocale=E&docid=1011200"> <span class="icon"></span> <span class="label">JW.ORG</span> </a> </li> <li id="footerLogin" class="clickable hidden"> <a class="statusButton userLoginLink" href="#">Log In</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="dialogContainer" class=" showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"></div> <div id="modalUnderlayContainer" class="underlay" tabindex="-1"></div> <div id="underlayContainer" class="underlay" touch-action="none"></div> <!-- share dialog --> <input type="hidden" id="mobileNativeShare" value=""/> <div class="jwac showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <div id="shareForm" class="hidden"> <div> <div class="header chrome"> Share <div class="closeBtn" aria-label="close" onclick="app.modal.removeModals();"> <span class="icon"></span> </div> </div> <form class="content"> <div class="shareFormWrapper"> <div> <img class="sharePublicationImage" /> </div> <div class="shareInfoContainer"> <div class="jwac showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <div class="shareContentParentTitle"></div> <div class="shareContentTitle"></div> </div> <input id="shareLink" class="shareLink" type="text" readonly dir="ltr" /> <button type="button" class="grayButton small shareCopyButton" aria-label="copy" onClick="app.utilities.copyToClipboard(document.getElementById('shareLink').value)"> <span class="icon"></span> </button> <div class="shareButtonContainer"> <button type="button" class="grayButton shareMailButton" onClick="app.share.sendEmail();"> <span class="icon"></span> Share Via Email </button> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <!-- end share dialog --> </div> <input type="hidden" id="newMeetingsPage" value="yes"/> <script src="https://b.jw-cdn.org/code/media-player/v3.0.0/js/media-player.min.js"></script> <script src="/assets/js/+1+d47041617fdb857d64eb29a3250d908664adf0ef.js"></script> <script src="/assets/js/+2+91f3a4ca46ab9d4d383ac143984aab127be24a70.js"></script> </body> </html>