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<span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Operational history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(PA-39)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(PA-39)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_PA-30" title="Piper PA-30 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Piper PA-30" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche" title="Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_PA-30" title="Piper PA-30 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piper PA-30" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">PA-30 Twin Comanche</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:N25PR_(44839824742).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg/300px-N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg/450px-N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg/600px-N25PR_%2844839824742%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="819" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">1967 Twin Comanche C/R</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Cabin monoplane</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Piper_Aircraft" title="Piper Aircraft">Piper Aircraft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">PA-30: 2001<br />PA-39: 155</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1961–1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">November 7, 1962<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">Piper PA-24 Comanche</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG/220px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG/330px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG/440px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FBDK_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Turbo PA-30 with tip tanks and vortex generators installed</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG/220px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG/330px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG/440px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_C-FQPK_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>PA-30 Twin Comanche with modified dorsal fin and modified air intake in nacelles</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg/220px-PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg/330px-PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg/440px-PA-30-TwinComanche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption>PA-30 Twin Comanche</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche</b> is an American twin-engined cabin monoplane designed and built by <a href="/wiki/Piper_Aircraft" title="Piper Aircraft">Piper Aircraft</a>. It was a twin-engined development of the <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">PA-24 Comanche</a> single-engined aircraft. A variant with counter-rotating propellers was designated the <b>Piper PA-39 Twin Comanche C/R</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-guide_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guide-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9th_v2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9th_v2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harris_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harris-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche was designed as a twin-engined variant of the <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">Piper PA-24 Comanche</a>. A complex light twin, with retractable landing gear, seating 4 (in original models) to 6 (in later models), and cruise speeds ranging from 160–210 mph on twin 160 horsepower engines, it competed with the more-powerful <a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">Cessna 310</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beech_Baron" class="mw-redirect" title="Beech Baron">Beech Baron</a>, and later with Piper's other light twins.<sup id="cite_ref-guide_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guide-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9th_v2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9th_v2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harris_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harris-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Twin Comanche was designed to replace the <a href="/wiki/Piper_Apache" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper Apache">Piper Apache</a> in the company's lineup of products.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The prototype was converted from the single-engined Comanche by <a href="/wiki/Ed_Swearingen" title="Ed Swearingen">Ed Swearingen</a> who at the time operated a facility that specialized in the modification of production aircraft. A Comanche was modified with two 4-cylinder 160 hp (120 kW) Lycoming <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-320#IO-320" title="Lycoming O-320">IO-320</a>-B1A engines and first flew at San Antonio, Texas on 12 Apr 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design was designated the PA-30 on March 17, 1962 and named the Twin Comanche.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prototype (registered N7000Y) was built at Lock Haven and first flew on November 7, 1962. FAA Type approval was awarded on February 5, 1963, the first production aircraft was completed on April 2, 1963 and the first delivery made on July 15, 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Twin Commanche B was announced on September 2, 1965 with deliveries starting in November 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft had minor changes with two additional seats and an extra cabin window on each side.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Turbocharged" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbocharged">turbocharged</a> variant of the Twin Comanche B was available with 160 hp (120 kW) Lycoming <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-320#IO-320" title="Lycoming O-320">IO-320</a>-C1A engines.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1966, the PA-30-200 was developed with two 200 hp engines, the prototype first flew on January 16, 1967 but Piper decided not to put the variant into production.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the cancellation of the PA-30-200, the company introduced the Twin Comanche C. It had a new interior, a different external paint scheme, and a higher cruise speed.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First deliveries of the Twin Comanche C were made in November 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last PA-30 was completed at Lock Haven on November 5, 1969 when it was replaced on the line by the PA-39.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During 1969, a number of developments to improve the flight characteristics of the PA-30 were tested which resulted in the Twin Comanche D with counter-rotating engines, the prototype first flying on September 23, 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell410-411_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell410-411-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For marketing reasons, the type was re-designated the PA-39 and received FAA Type Approval on November 28, 1969. The first production aircraft was completed on December 23, 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-pepperell410-411_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pepperell410-411-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Twin Comanche was produced on the same <a href="/wiki/Lock_Haven,_Pennsylvania" title="Lock Haven, Pennsylvania">Lock Haven, Pennsylvania</a>, production line as its single-engined cousin; production ceased when the factory was flooded in 1972. Piper chose at that time to focus on its equally popular Cherokee 140/180/235/Arrow line, manufactured in Florida, and its highly popular twin-engined <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-34_Seneca" title="Piper PA-34 Seneca">Seneca</a>, which is essentially a Twin <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper PA-32">Cherokee Six</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-40_Arapaho" title="Piper PA-40 Arapaho">Piper PA-40 Arapaho</a> had been scheduled to replace the PA-39 in the 1973–74 timeframe. Three were manufactured, and the aircraft was already fully certified when the decision was made not to proceed with the manufacture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Twin Comanche is a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a retractable tricycle landing gear. With tip tanks, the aircraft holds 120 gallons (454 L) of fuel. Fuel burn at typical cruise settings is approximately 16 gal/h (58.7 L/h) with a cruise speed of 165 kn. It easily climbs to 18,000 feet (5,500 m) when desired (24,000 feet (7,300 m), if turbocharged). When compared with the <a href="/wiki/Piper_Seminole" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper Seminole">Seminole</a>, the Twin Comanche goes faster, carries more, burns less fuel, climbs more rapidly and ultimately higher, is quieter. When compared to the Seneca, which is really quite a different aircraft, the more noticeable differences are in handling. Another contemporary competitor to the Twin Comanche was the <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Travel_Air" title="Beechcraft Travel Air">Beechcraft Travel Air</a>. A similar airplane in form and function was the <a href="/wiki/Gulfstream_American_GA-7_Cougar" title="Gulfstream American GA-7 Cougar">Gulfstream American GA-7 Cougar</a>, which went into production after the Twin Comanche's production run ended. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Twin Comanche suffered a number of <a href="/wiki/V_speeds#Regulatory_V-speeds" title="V speeds">V<sub>MC</sub></a> (<a href="/wiki/Minimum_control_speeds" title="Minimum control speeds">Velocity Minimum Controllable</a>) loss-of-control crashes in the 1960s and early 1970s. Initially, focus was placed on the aircraft design and the FAA reacted by issuing an airworthiness directive changing the V<sub>MC</sub> speed, though there was no change in the aerodynamics. At the time, well known aviation journalist, <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Collins" title="Richard L. Collins">Richard L. Collins</a>, was highly critical of the FAA's multiengine training standards which encouraged unsafe V<sub>MC</sub> demonstrations at low altitude.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Collins pointed out in another article that year that one <a href="/wiki/Fixed-base_operator" title="Fixed-base operator">FBO</a> had suffered four fatal V<sub>MC</sub> roll-over spins. Two were in a Twin Comanche, One in a Beech Travel Air and one in a Beech Baron.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not surprising that the Twin Comanche had a higher number of such crashes as it was used more often as a training aircraft. The FAA performed a series of flight tests on the Twin Comanche and NASA conducted wind tunnel tests and found no unusual tendency to spin beyond what would normally be expected given the airflow of the normally rotating propellers.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, the FAA changed its training standards and required flight instructors to obtain a separate rating to teach in multiengine aircraft. The V<sub>MC</sub> crashes dissipated dramatically. In 1997, the <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_Owners_and_Pilots_Association" title="Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association">Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association</a> (AOPA) Air Safety Institute published a safety review of the Comanche series aircraft and concluded that the Twin Comanche showed no greater tendency for V<sub>MC</sub> roll-over spins than comparable aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kristin Winter, a long time Twin Comanche instructor, operator, and trained accident investigator, reviewed the NTSB records for a ten-year period ending in 2014 and concluded that the Air Safety Institute's report was correct in its conclusions. Of the six single engine loss of control crashes, most resulted from inexperienced pilots and substandard training.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Prince_William_of_Gloucester" title="Prince William of Gloucester">Prince William of Gloucester</a> bought a Twin Comanche and used it as his personal aircraft for several years in the 1960s. He flew it from the United Kingdom to Nigeria, where he held a diplomatic post; then later returned in it to the United Kingdom and flew it to Japan when he took up a diplomatic post in that country.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Twin Comanche was flown in the 1992 and 1994 French Arc en Ciel air races. It is the only US aircraft to have raced twice around the world. In the pilot-skilled races, 1992 pilot and Pioneer Hall of Fame enshrinee and 100 Aviation Hero for the First Century of Flight, Marion P. Jayne and her daughter Nancy Palozola placed second. In 1994 Jayne and her daughter, Patricia Jayne (Pat) Keefer won the FAI Gold Medal in what, so far, is the longest race in history at over 21,000 miles flown May 1–24, 1994. With FAA approval the twin carried a total of 252 gallons in 11 tanks and at maximum power went over 2,100 miles nonstop between Marrakech, Morocco and Istanbul, Turkey in 11:19 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-Jayne_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jayne-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All Twin Comanche engines have long <a href="/wiki/Time_between_overhaul" class="mw-redirect" title="Time between overhaul">times between overhaul</a> (2000 hours for the B1A, 1800 for the IO-320-C1A)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and have developed a reputation for reliability. </p><p>Following a string of crashes involving pilot loss-of-control in single-engine flight (due to engine failure, or in pilot training for engine-failure conditions), Piper sought to alter the plane's single-engine behavior at low airspeeds (such as takeoff and landing). The resulting <b>PA-39 Twin Comanche C/R</b> was a modified version with counter-rotating engines (to eliminate the "<a href="/wiki/Critical_engine" title="Critical engine">critical engine</a>" which, when failed, created the greatest risk of loss-of-control). The PA-39 replaced the PA-30 in the early 1970s. At least one comparative study of U.S. crash rates for the PA-30 and PA-39 indicated that crash rates for the counter-rotating PA-39 were only one-third of those for the conventional PA-30. Piper subsequently expanded the counter-rotating engine development to its other light twins.<sup id="cite_ref-harris_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harris-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guide_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guide-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9th_v2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9th_v2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-failures_1979ntsb_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-failures_1979ntsb-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of November 3, 2019, 80 PA-39's remain on the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a> (FAA) registry.<sup id="cite_ref-FAAReg2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAAReg2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three versions of the PA-30 were produced: the original, a B model, and a C model. The B and C models can carry six passengers and can be identified by the additional side windows. Factory turbocharged engines became available with the B model. Turbo models can be identified by the presence of vents on the nacelle sides. These use Rajay turbochargers with manual wastegates operated by twin knobs under the throttle quadrant. They are properly termed "turbonormalized" since the compression ratio and maximum manifold pressure remained unchanged. Pilots are required to use care to avoid overboosting at low altitudes, since no overboost popoff valves are used. Since there is no accompanying power increase, the B/C models simply give owners a fuel vs. passenger tradeoff. The two rearmost seats, occupying the baggage compartment, are quite small. </p> <dl><dt>PA-30 Twin Comanche</dt> <dd>Four-seat twin-engined cabin aircraft powered by two 160 hp (119 kW) <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_IO-320" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycoming IO-320">Lycoming IO-320</a>-B1A engines in wing-mounted nacelles. The aircraft was available in five levels of equipment fit:</dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Standard.</dd> <dd>Custom – additional instruments</dd> <dd>Executive – additional instruments and radio equipment</dd> <dd>Sportsman – Palm Beach interior and exterior and AltiMaticII autopilot</dd> <dd>Professional – full IFR panel</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt>PA-30 Twin Comanche B</dt> <dd>PA-30 with a third cabin window on each side and an optional fifth or sixth seat</dd> <dt>PA-30 Turbo Twin Comanche</dt> <dd>Turbonormalized version of the PA-30B Twin Comanche, powered by two Rajay turbonormalized IO-320-C1A piston engines</dd> <dt>PA-30 Twin Comanche C</dt> <dd>Twin Comanche B with new instrument panel, switches, and other minor variations. Optional turbonormalized version.</dd> <dt>PA-30-200</dt> <dd>Experimental variant with two 200 hp Lycoming engines, one built</dd> <dt>PA-30-290</dt> <dd>Experimental variant with two 290 hp Lycoming IO-540-G engines, one converted from PA-30 prototype</dd> <dt>PA-30 Twin Comanche D</dt> <dd>Original designation for the PA-39.</dd> <dt>PA-39 Twin Comanche C/R</dt> <dd>PA-30 with counter-rotating 160 hp Lycoming IO-320-B1A engines and modified wing leading edges</dd> <dt>PA-39 Turbo Twin Comanche C/R</dt> <dd>Turbocharged version of the PA-39 Twin Comanche C/R</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-40_Arapaho" title="Piper PA-40 Arapaho">Piper PA-40 Arapaho</a></dt> <dd>Developed and fully certified version of PA-39 with entirely different wing and extensive fuselage modifications. Three prototypes only.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(PA-39)"><span id="Specifications_.28PA-39.29"></span>Specifications (PA-39)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Specifications (PA-39)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png" class="mw-file-description" title="3-view line drawing of the Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche B"><img alt="3-view line drawing of the Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche B" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png/220px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png/330px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png/440px-Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche_B_3-view_line_drawing.png 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1799" /></a><figcaption>3-view line drawing of the Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche B</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971–72<sup id="cite_ref-jawa71p389_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jawa71p389-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Capacity:</b> 4–6</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 25 ft 2 in (7.67 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>36 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in (11.214 m) (including tip tanks)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 8 ft 3 in (2.51 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 178.0 sq ft (16.54 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(aeronautics)" title="Aspect ratio (aeronautics)">Aspect ratio</a>:</b> 7.28:1</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Airfoil</a>:</b> NACA 64<sub>2</sub>A215</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 2,270 lb (1,030 kg)</li> <li><b>Max takeoff weight:</b> 3,725 lb (1,690 kg)</li> <li><b>Fuel capacity:</b> 120 US gal (100 imp gal; 450 L) (with tip tanks)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 2 × <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_IO-320" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycoming IO-320">Lycoming IO-320</a>-B1A air-cooled <a href="/wiki/Flat-four" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat-four">flat-four</a>, 160 hp (120 kW) each</li> <li><b>Propellers:</b> 2-bladed Hartzell HC-E2YL-27663-4, 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) diameter (counter-rotating)</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 205 mph (330 km/h, 178 kn)</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 178 mph (286 km/h, 155 kn) (long range cruise)</li> <li><b>Stall speed:</b> 70 mph (110 km/h, 61 kn) (flaps down, power off)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/V_speeds#VNE" title="V speeds">Never exceed speed</a>:</b> 272 mph (438 km/h, 236 kn)</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 1,200 mi (1,900 km, 1,000 nmi)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 20,000 ft (6,100 m)</li> <li><b>Rate of climb:</b> 1,460 ft/min (7.4 m/s)</li> <li><b>Take-off run to 50ft (15m):</b> 1,530 ft (470 m)</li> <li><b>Landing run from 50 ft (15 m):</b> 1,870 ft (570 m)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Related development</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">Piper PA-24 Comanche</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pilotfriend.com/aircraft%20performance/Piper/13.htm">"Piper PA30 PA39 Twin Comanche Aircraft history performance and specifications"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101203153837/http://www.pilotfriend.com/aircraft%20performance/Piper/13.htm">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Piper+PA30+PA39+Twin+Comanche+Aircraft+history+performance+and+specifications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pilotfriend.com%2Faircraft%2520performance%2FPiper%2F13.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiper+PA-30+Twin+Comanche" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guide-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guide_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guide_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guide_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murphy, Tom and Hans Halberstadt, <i>Illustrated Piper Buyer's Guide,</i> 1993, MBI Publishing / Motorbooks International, <a href="/wiki/Osceola,_Wisconsin" title="Osceola, Wisconsin">Osceola, Wisconsin</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9th_v2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-9th_v2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-9th_v2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-9th_v2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibold, Ken, ed., <i>Aviation Consumer's Used Aircraft Guide, 9th Edition,</i> vol. 2, 2001, Belvoir Publications, <a href="/wiki/Greenwich,_Connecticut" title="Greenwich, Connecticut">Greenwich, Connecticut</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harris-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harris_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harris_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harris_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harris, Richard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.iwichita.com/rh1/hold/av/avhist/ppr/piper.htm">"Piper Aircraft: a quick history,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181208083442/http://home.iwichita.com/rh1/hold/av/avhist/ppr/piper.htm">Archived</a> December 8, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a><i>InFlight USA</i> magazine, 2000–2001, as revised and expanded to 2014, on <i>Aviation Answer-Man,</i> website, retrieved May 11, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pepperell292-299-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell292-299_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peperell 2020, pp. 292–299</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pepperell410-411-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell410-411_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pepperell410-411_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peperell 2020, pp. 410–411</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Collins, Richard, "What about the Twin Comanche?", Flying, March 1969, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Collins, Richard, "Safety check", Flying, October 1969, p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Winter, Kristin, "The Twin Comanche: "Safety facts and best practices", <i>Piper Flyer</i>, March 2016, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Air Safety Institute, Piper Comanche Safety Review, November 1, 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Winter, The Twin Comanche, p. 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%202414.html">"HRH Prince William of Gloucester", <i>Flight International</i>, September 7, 1972, p.341a (online archive version)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306222709/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%202414.html">Archived</a> March 6, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> retrieved August 13, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jayne-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jayne_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirst_Flight_Foundation2003" class="citation web cs1">First Flight Foundation (December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101214203724/http://firstflightcentennial.org/100_Aviation_Heroes.html">"Honoring 100 Aviation Heroes Tuesday, December 16"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstflightcentennial.org/100_Aviation_Heroes.html">the original</a> on December 14, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honoring+100+Aviation+Heroes+Tuesday%2C+December+16&rft.date=2003-12&rft.au=First+Flight+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstflightcentennial.org%2F100_Aviation_Heroes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiper+PA-30+Twin+Comanche" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lycoming Service Instruction 1009AV, dated July 13, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-failures_1979ntsb-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-failures_1979ntsb_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aviation-special-studies/AAS79-02.pdf">Special Study: "Light Twin-Engine Aircraft Accidents Following Engine Failures, 1972–1976,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210609102039/http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/ntsb/aviation-special-studies/AAS79-02.pdf">Archived</a> June 9, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> NTSB-AAS-79-2, 1979, <a href="/wiki/National_Transportation_Safety_Board" title="National Transportation Safety Board">National Transportation Safety Board</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, as retrieved from <a href="/wiki/Embry-Riddle_Aeronautical_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University">ERAU</a> Library, May 16, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAAReg2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAAReg2_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/Mms_results.aspx?Mmstxt=7103902&conVal=0&PageNo=1">"PA-39 Make / Model Inquiry Results"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a>. November 3, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PA-39+Make+%2F+Model+Inquiry+Results&rft.pub=Federal+Aviation+Administration&rft.date=2019-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregistry.faa.gov%2Faircraftinquiry%2FMms_results.aspx%3FMmstxt%3D7103902%26conVal%3D0%26PageNo%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiper+PA-30+Twin+Comanche" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jawa71p389-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jawa71p389_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1971">Taylor 1971</a>, p. 389</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <ul><li>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeperell2020" class="citation book cs1">Peperell, Roger W. (2020). <i>Piper Aircraft – Freedom of Flight</i>. <a href="/wiki/Air-Britain" title="Air-Britain">Air-Britain</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85130-524-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85130-524-0"><bdi>978-0-85130-524-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Piper+Aircraft+%E2%80%93+Freedom+of+Flight&rft.pub=Air-Britain&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0-85130-524-0&rft.aulast=Peperell&rft.aufirst=Roger+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiper+PA-30+Twin+Comanche" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1971" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_W._R._Taylor" title="John W. R. Taylor">Taylor, John W. R.</a>, ed. (1971). <i>Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1971–72</i>. Sampson Low Marston & Co. Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-354-00094-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-354-00094-2"><bdi>0-354-00094-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+All+the+World%27s+Aircraft+1971%E2%80%9372&rft.pub=Sampson+Low+Marston+%26+Co.+Ltd&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0-354-00094-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiper+PA-30+Twin+Comanche" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche">Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BZ0thq_qwNQC&pg=PA62">Piper Twin Comanche C/R – Flying</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Piper_aircraft" title="Template:Piper aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Piper_aircraft" title="Template talk:Piper aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Piper_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Piper aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Piper_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Piper_Aircraft" title="Piper Aircraft">Piper</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Company<br />Numerical<br />designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single-engine prop aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High wing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Cub" title="Taylor Cub">F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_J-2" title="Taylor J-2">J-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">J-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-4" title="Piper J-4">J-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">J-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_P-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piper P-1 (page does not exist)">P-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_P-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piper P-2 (page does not exist)">P-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_P-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piper P-4 (page does not exist)">P-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-11_Cub_Special" title="Piper PA-11 Cub Special">PA-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-12_Super_Cruiser" title="Piper PA-12 Super Cruiser">PA-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-14_Family_Cruiser" title="Piper PA-14 Family Cruiser">PA-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-15_Vagabond" title="Piper PA-15 Vagabond">PA-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-16_Clipper" title="Piper PA-16 Clipper">PA-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-15_Vagabond" title="Piper PA-15 Vagabond">PA-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">PA-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">PA-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">PA-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">PA-22</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Low wing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PT-1" title="Piper PT-1">PT-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-7" title="Piper PA-7">PWA-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-6" title="Piper PA-6">PWA-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-8" title="Piper PA-8">PWA-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-6" title="Piper PA-6">PA-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-7" title="Piper PA-7">PA-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-8" title="Piper PA-8">PA-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">PA-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">PA-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-25_Pawnee" title="Piper PA-25 Pawnee">PA-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">PA-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">PA-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-29_Papoose" title="Piper PA-29 Papoose">PA-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32_Cherokee_Six" title="Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six">PA-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32R" title="Piper PA-32R">PA-32R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">PA-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-36_Pawnee_Brave" title="Piper PA-36 Pawnee Brave">PA-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-38_Tomahawk" title="Piper PA-38 Tomahawk">PA-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">PA-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-48_Enforcer" title="Piper PA-48 Enforcer">PA-48</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mid wing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baumann_Brigadier" title="Baumann Brigadier">PA-21</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-engine aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">PA-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">PA-27</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PA-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31_Navajo" title="Piper PA-31 Navajo">PA-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31T_Cheyenne" title="Piper PA-31T Cheyenne">PA-31T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-34_Seneca" title="Piper PA-34 Seneca">PA-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-35_Pocono" title="Piper PA-35 Pocono">PA-35</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PA-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-40_Arapaho" title="Piper PA-40 Arapaho">PA-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">PA-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-42_Cheyenne" title="Piper PA-42 Cheyenne">PA-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-44_Seminole" title="Piper PA-44 Seminole">PA-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Aerostar" title="Piper Aerostar">PA-60</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-47_PiperJet" title="Piper PA-47 PiperJet">PA-47</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Names</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Aerostar" title="Piper Aerostar">Aerostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-47_PiperJet" title="Piper PA-47 PiperJet">Altaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-40_Arapaho" title="Piper PA-40 Arapaho">Arapaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Cadet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Challenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Charger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Cherokee Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Cherokee Pathfinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32_Cherokee_Six" title="Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six">Cherokee Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Cherokee Warrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31T_Cheyenne" title="Piper PA-31T Cheyenne">Cheyenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31_Navajo" title="Piper PA-31 Navajo">Chieftain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-16_Clipper" title="Piper PA-16 Clipper">Clipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">Colt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-4" title="Piper J-4">Cub Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">Cub Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-11_Cub_Special" title="Piper PA-11 Cub Special">Cub Special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-8" title="Piper PA-8">Cub Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">Cub Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-48_Enforcer" title="Piper PA-48 Enforcer">Enforcer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-14_Family_Cruiser" title="Piper PA-14 Family Cruiser">Family Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Flite Liner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Flitfire" title="Piper Flitfire">Flitfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">Grasshopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32R" title="Piper PA-32R">Lance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">M350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">M500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">M600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">M700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">Malibu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">Meridian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-46" title="Piper PA-46">Mirage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31_Navajo" title="Piper PA-31 Navajo">Mojave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31_Navajo" title="Piper PA-31 Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">Pacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-29_Papoose" title="Piper PA-29 Papoose">Papoose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Pathfinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-25_Pawnee" title="Piper PA-25 Pawnee">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-36_Pawnee_Brave" title="Piper PA-36 Pawnee Brave">Pawnee Brave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Pilot 100/100i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-47_PiperJet" title="Piper PA-47 PiperJet">PiperJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CZAW_SportCruiser" title="CZAW SportCruiser">PiperSport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-35_Pocono" title="Piper PA-35 Pocono">Pocono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-7" title="Piper PA-7">Post War Airplane 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-6" title="Piper PA-6">Post War Airplane 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-8" title="Piper PA-8">Post War Airplane 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-32_Cherokee_Six" title="Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-44_Seminole" title="Piper PA-44 Seminole">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-34_Seneca" title="Piper PA-34 Seneca">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Aerostar" title="Piper Aerostar">Sequoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-7" title="Piper PA-7">Skycoupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-8" title="Piper PA-8">Sky Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-6" title="Piper PA-6">Sky Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-12_Super_Cruiser" title="Piper PA-12 Super Cruiser">Super Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">Super Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-38_Tomahawk" title="Piper PA-38 Tomahawk">Tomahawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">Twin Stinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-20_Pacer" title="Piper PA-20 Pacer">Tri-Pacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Turbo Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Turbo Dakota</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twin Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-15_Vagabond" title="Piper PA-15 Vagabond">Vagabond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-15_Vagabond" title="Piper PA-15 Vagabond">Vagabond Deluxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-15_Vagabond" title="Piper PA-15 Vagabond">Vagabond Trainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_J-2" title="Taylor J-2">Western Cub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee" title="Piper PA-28 Cherokee">Warrior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military<br />designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="United States Army Air Corps">USAAC</abbr>/<abbr title="United States Army Air Forces">USAAF</abbr>/<abbr title="United States Air Force">USAF</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">UC-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">UC-83A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-4" title="Piper J-4">UC-83B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">L-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">L-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">L-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">L-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">O-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">TG-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-18_Super_Cub" title="Piper PA-18 Super Cub">U-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">U-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="United States Navy">USN</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">AE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-5" title="Piper J-5">HE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">NE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_J-3_Cub" title="Piper J-3 Cub">LNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_LBP" title="Piper LBP">LBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">UO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spanish_Armed_Forces_trainer_aircraft_designations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_trainer_aircraft" title="Template:Spanish trainer aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spanish_trainer_aircraft" title="Template talk:Spanish trainer aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_trainer_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish trainer aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spanish_Armed_Forces_trainer_aircraft_designations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spanish Armed Forces</a> trainer aircraft designations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Escuela Elemental</i> (EE)<br /><small>Primary Trainer</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_DH.60_Moth" title="De Havilland DH.60 Moth">EE.1 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Tiger_Moth" title="De Havilland Tiger Moth">EE.1 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_E-30" title="Hispano-Suiza E-30">EE.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_133_Jungmeister" title="Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister">EE.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">EE.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">EE.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AISA_I-115" title="AISA I-115">EE.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">EE.7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Escuela Superior</i> (ES)<br /><small>Advanced Trainer</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_133_Jungmeister" title="Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister">ES.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotha_Go_145" title="Gotha Go 145">ES.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMAM_Ro.41" title="IMAM Ro.41">ES.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caproni_AP.1" title="Caproni AP.1">ES.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_CR.32" title="Fiat CR.32">ES.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HS-42" title="Hispano HS-42">ES.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arado_Ar_66" title="Arado Ar 66">ES.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">ES.8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Entrenamiento</i> (E)<br /><small>Trainer</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_133_Jungmeister" title="Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister">E.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_E-30" title="Hispano-Suiza E-30">E.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_133_Jungmeister" title="Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister">E.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">E.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">E.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HS-42" title="Hispano HS-42">E.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">E.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">E.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AISA_I-115" title="AISA I-115">E.9</a></li> <li>E.10<sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li>E.11<sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HA-100" title="Hispano HA-100">E.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HA-100" title="Hispano HA-100">E.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispano_HA-200" title="Hispano HA-200">E.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_T-33" title="Lockheed T-33">E.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">E.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_T-34_Mentor" title="Beechcraft T-34 Mentor">E.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodel_D.11" title="Jodel D.11">E.18 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-31_Navajo" title="Piper PA-31 Navajo">E.18 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-23" title="Piper PA-23">E.19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Baron" title="Beechcraft Baron">E.20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBB_223_Flamingo" title="MBB 223 Flamingo">E.21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_King_Air" title="Beechcraft King Air">E.22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_King_Air" title="Beechcraft King Air">E.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Bonanza" title="Beechcraft Bonanza">E.24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CASA_C-101_Aviojet" title="CASA C-101 Aviojet">E.25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENAER_T-35_Pill%C3%A1n" title="ENAER T-35 Pillán">E.26</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">E.27</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">E.28</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">E.29</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_PA-24_Comanche" title="Piper PA-24 Comanche">E.30</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">E.31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Not assigned</li> <li><sup>2</sup> No details known</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&oldid=1259472714">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piper_PA-30_Twin_Comanche&oldid=1259472714</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Piper_aircraft" title="Category:Piper 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