CINXE.COM
Sam Roggeveen | Lowy Institute
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-3115931-1"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-3115931-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path"});gtag("config", "G-2Q1HP4FKQV", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location"});</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/hotjar/hotjar.script.js?snwxzp"></script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/people/experts/bio/sam-roggeveen" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>Sam Roggeveen | Lowy Institute</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_tYSLjqVsnsOYUwYC4vxFMA_7YfeQphbtdkeAfgZWgrE.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=lowy&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtXJyS-v1E_PyU9KzNEpy0wtL9YHk3q5-SmlOVDpzLziksyS0pJU3YLE9FQA_C0YSw" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_2vZuUPVG5VwuZLvjQ5pJ8mA-ZMttwW5Oc6PWF7SmPsQ.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=lowy&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtXJyS-v1E_PyU9KzNEpy0wtL9YHk3q5-SmlOVDpzLziksyS0pJU3YLE9FQA_C0YSw" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/lowy/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/themes/custom/lowy/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/themes/custom/lowy/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/custom/lowy/favicons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/themes/custom/lowy/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Dosis:400,200,300,500,600,700,800" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Raleway:700italic,700" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather:400,700,900,700italic,900italic,400italic,300italic,300" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:400,400italic,600,600italic,700,700italic,900,900italic,300italic,300,200italic,200" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Quicksand:300,400,700" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:300,500" media="all"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Serif:400i,700i" media="all"> </head> <body class="domain-lowyinstitute path-people"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div id="wrapper"> <header id="institute-header"> <div class="header simple-menu"> <div class="grid-top"> <div id="block-lowy-branding" class="grid-item grid-item--logo"> <a class="logo" href="/" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/lowy/logo.svg" alt="Home"> </a> <a class="logo-dark" href="/" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/lowy/logo-dark.svg" alt="home"> </a> </div><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-mainnavigation-menu" id="block-mainnavigation"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-mainnavigation-menu">Main navigation</h2> <nav class="toggle-expand__wrapper "> <div id="main-nav" class="main-nav"> <ul class="main-menu level-0"> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub" href="/about"> About </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="https://interactives.lowyinstitute.org/features/20-years/">Celebrating 20 years</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/what-we-do">What We Do</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/board">Board of Directors</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/programs-and-projects">Programs & Projects</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/funding-support">Funding & Support</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/support-us">Support Us</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/careers">Careers</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub" href="/people/experts"> People </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts/bio/michael-fullilove">Executive Director</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts">Experts</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts#nonresident-fellows">Nonresident Fellows</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts#operations-staff">Operations Staff</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub mega-menu"> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub mega-menu" href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=All&related_issues=All&sort_by=&page=0"> Research </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub "> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=4&related_issues=All">Aid & Development</a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_third_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=195&related_issues=All">Asia</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=199&related_issues=All">Australia in the World</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=195&related_issues=310">China</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub "> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=207&related_issues=All">Diplomacy</a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_third_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=202&related_issues=All">Defence & Security</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=204&related_issues=All">Europe</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=198&related_issues=All">Global Economy</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub "> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=201&related_issues=All">Middle East</a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_third_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=203&related_issues=All">Pacific Islands</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=All&issues=205&related_issues=All">Public Opinion</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?issues=200">United States of America</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications">See all research...</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub" href="/newsroom"> Media </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/newsroom">Newsroom</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications/podcasts">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/video-listing">Videos</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?keys=&author=All&type=189&issues=All&related_issues=All">Commentary</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/lowy-institute-media-award">Lowy Institute Media Award</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="main-menu__link main-menu__link--with-sub" href="/events"> Events </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/events">Upcoming Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/lowy-events-library">Past Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/event-highlights">Highlights</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-menu__item the-interpreter"> <a class="main-menu__link the-interpreter" href="/the-interpreter"> The Interpreter </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </nav> <div class="search-block-form block block-search container-inline" data-drupal-selector="search-block-form" id="block-searchform" role="search"> <div class="search-control"> <span class="search-control-text">Search</span> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class="icon-size-2"> <svg width="25" height="23" viewbox="0 0 25 23" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g stroke="#000" stroke-width="2" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><circle cx="8.348" cy="8.348" r="7.348"/><path d="M14.609 13.565l8.869 7.826"/></g> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <form action="/search" method="get" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-item-keys js-form-item-keys form-no-label"> <label for="edit-keys" class="visually-hidden form-item__label">Search</label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" type="search" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-search form-item__textfield" /> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="Search" class="button js-form-submit form-submit form-item__textfield" /> </div> </form> </div> <div class="hamburger-menu__wrapper"> <div id="menu-hamburger" class="hamburger-menu__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="17" viewbox="0 0 24 17"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill="#FFF" d="M4 0h20v1H4zM11 5h13v1H11zM12 10h12v1H12z"/> <g transform="translate(0 3)" stroke="#FFF"> <ellipse cx="5.217" cy="4.952" rx="4.717" ry="4.452"/> <path d="m9.13 8.048 5.544 4.642"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div id="menu-close"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="17" viewbox="0 0 18 17"> <g stroke="#FFF" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M.5.5 17 15.979M17 .5.5 15.979"/> </g> </svg> </div> </div> <div class="header-mobile"> <div id="mobile-search-block"></div> <ul class="header-mobile-menu"></ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="subhead"> </div> <main role="main"> <div class="main-content__wrapper institute-wrapper"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="layout-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-lowy-content"> <article> <div> <div class="margin-horizontal page-expert-profile-detail margin-v-4"> <div class="container max-width-2"> <div class="expert-profile-head"> <div class="expert-info"> <h2 class="expert-label">Sam Roggeveen</h2> <div class="expert-role">Director, International Security Program</div> <div class="expert-contact"> <a class="twitter-link" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/@SamRoggeveen"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#twitter"></use> </svg> </div> </div> <div class="twitter-account">@SamRoggeveen</div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="expert-photo"> <img alt="Sam Roggeveen" src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/sam%20roggeveen.jpg"> </div> </div> <div class="body-copy-tabbed__wrapper margin-v-4 margin-horizontal "> <div class="body-copy-tabbed container expert-profile-tabs"> <div class="body-copy-tabbed__tabs"> <div rel="tab-0" data-tab-id="#72-0" class="body-copy-tabbed__tab is-active">Biography</div> <div rel="tab-1" data-tab-id="#72-1" class="body-copy-tabbed__tab ">Publications</div> <div rel="tab-2" data-tab-id="#72-2" class="body-copy-tabbed__tab ">News and media</div> </div> <div class="body-copy-tabbed__contents"> <div rel="tab-0" data-tab-id="#72-0" class="body-copy-tabbed__content body-copy is-active"> <p>Sam Roggeveen is Director of the Lowy Institute’s International Security Program. He is the author of <a href="https://www.blackincbooks.com.au/books/echidna-strategy"><em>The Echidna Strategy: Australia's Search for Power and Peace</em></a>, published by La Trobe University Press in 2023.</p> <p>Before joining the Lowy Institute, Sam was a senior strategic analyst in Australia’s peak intelligence agency, the Office of National Assessments, where his work dealt mainly with North Asian strategic affairs, including nuclear strategy and Asian military forces. Sam also worked on arms control policy in Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs, and as an analyst in the Defence Intelligence Organisation.</p> <p>Sam has a long-standing interest in politics and political philosophy, and in 2019 he wrote <a href="https://www.penguin.com.au/books/our-very-own-brexit-australias-hollow-politics-and-where-it-could-lead-us-9781760894603"><em>Our Very Own Brexit: Australia's Hollow Politics and Where it Could Lead Us</em></a>, about the hollowing out of Western democracy and its implications for Australia. </p> <p>Sam writes for newspapers and magazines in Australia and around the world, and is a regular commentator on the Lowy Institute’s digital magazine, <em>The Interpreter</em>, of which he was the founding editor from 2007 to 2014.</p> <p>Sam also serves as lead editor at the Lowy Institute, and editor of the Lowy Institute Papers.</p> </div> <div rel="tab-1" data-tab-id="#72-1" class="body-copy-tabbed__content body-copy "> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-expert-posts view-id-expert_posts view-display-id-publication js-view-dom-id-3886cf1063fa6a91df3191bfe42759e9497f592d2f217b5304babb5b0a72d10d"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="cards-full-width-listing margin-horizontal"> <div class="container"> <div class="cards-full-width-listing__items"> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/russia-escalates-strikes-ukraine-new-missile-warns-west class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-11/Screenshot%202024-11-22%20145704.jpg?itok=pzb32tr9" alt="Russia escalates, strikes Ukraine with a new missile, warns West"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/russia-escalates-strikes-ukraine-new-missile-warns-west class="card__title"> Russia escalates, strikes Ukraine with a new missile, warns West </a> <div class="card__intro">Putin wants to target Europe’s commitment to support Ukraine.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/trumpist-turn-us-foreign-policy class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-11/54062361371_51b939e92f_k.jpg?itok=hj6Acqt4" alt="The Trumpist turn in US foreign policy"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/trumpist-turn-us-foreign-policy class="card__title"> The Trumpist turn in US foreign policy </a> <div class="card__intro">Trump's instinct for restraint could have a long future in both American political parties. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/costs-vs-benefits-pat-conroy-s-new-missile-age class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-10/20240718ran8620187_0230.jpg?itok=gMeO2QDU" alt="Costs vs benefits in Pat Conroy's new missile age"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/costs-vs-benefits-pat-conroy-s-new-missile-age class="card__title"> Costs vs benefits in Pat Conroy's new missile age </a> <div class="card__intro">Missiles are expensive, and the further they need to travel, the dearer they get. That should be good news for Australia. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/publications/conversations-global-impact-harris-or-trump-victory class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2023-08/LIC_July%2022%20BG_Draft%201.jpg?itok=jSfCp_Eq" alt="Conversations: The global impact of a Harris or Trump victory"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <div class="card__tag green "> <span class="tag-text">Podcasts</span> </div> <a href=/publications/conversations-global-impact-harris-or-trump-victory class="card__title"> Conversations: The global impact of a Harris or Trump victory </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/kamala-harris-national-security-rising-cost-military-leadership class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-10/Harris%20and%20national%20security.jpg?itok=wXfQjRkl" alt="Kamala Harris and national security: The rising cost of military leadership"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/kamala-harris-national-security-rising-cost-military-leadership class="card__title"> Kamala Harris and national security: The rising cost of military leadership </a> <div class="card__intro">A Harris administration is unlikely to reverse America’s eroding military advantage over China.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/publications/harris-10 class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-10/harris-1.0-cover-1920x1080.jpg?itok=yHscUU7g" alt="Harris 1.0"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <div class="card__tag green "> <span class="tag-text">Data Snapshot</span> </div> <a href=/publications/harris-10 class="card__title"> Harris 1.0 </a> <div class="card__intro">What Kamala Harris’ election would mean for Australia and the world</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/trump-asian-security class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-09/Trump%20and%20Asian%20security..jpg?itok=svqX_6vj" alt="Trump and Asian security"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/trump-asian-security class="card__title"> Trump and Asian security </a> <div class="card__intro">Ideological and policy tribalism is a feature of every presidency. The new Trump team will be no different.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/the-interpreter/chinese-subs-american-spies-both-get-sinking-feeling class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2024-09/GettyImages-86150379.jpg?itok=-zrNRzMG" alt="Chinese subs and American spies both get that sinking feeling"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <a href=/the-interpreter/chinese-subs-american-spies-both-get-sinking-feeling class="card__title"> Chinese subs and American spies both get that sinking feeling </a> <div class="card__intro">A US government leak to a newspaper exposes a Chinese secret and reveals the new world of intelligence. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card__wrapper"> <div class="card research-card full-width image-left"> <a href=/publications/debating-inevitability-us-confrontation-china-part-two class="card__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/expert_publications/public/2023-08/LIC_July%2022%20BG_Draft%201.jpg?itok=jSfCp_Eq" alt="Debating the inevitability of US confrontation with China - Part two"> </a> <div class="card__info"> <div class="card__tag green "> <span class="tag-text">Podcasts</span> </div> <a href=/publications/debating-inevitability-us-confrontation-china-part-two class="card__title"> Debating the inevitability of US confrontation with China - Part two </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="margin-horizontal"> <div class="container margin-b-3 margin-t-1"> <nav class="pager" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="pagination-heading"> <div id="pagination-heading" class="visually-hidden h4">Pagination</div> <ul class="pager__items js-pager__items"> <li class="pager__item pager__item--previous disabled"> <a class="pager__link pager__link--prev" href="" title="Go to previous page" rel="prev" > <div class="btn-prev"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#pager-arrow-prev"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <span class="visually-hidden">Previous page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">‹ Previous</span> </a> </li> <li class="pager__item is-active"> <a class="pager__link is-active" href="?page=0" title="Current page" aria-current="page"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Current page </span>1</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=1" title="Go to page 2" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>2</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=2" title="Go to page 3" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>3</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=3" title="Go to page 4" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>4</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=4" title="Go to page 5" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>5</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=5" title="Go to page 6" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>6</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=6" title="Go to page 7" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>7</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=7" title="Go to page 8" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>8</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=8" title="Go to page 9" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>9</a> </li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--ellipsis" role="presentation">…</li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--next has-previous-item"> <a class="pager__link pager__link--next" href="?page=1" title="Go to next page" rel="next" > <div class="btn-next"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#pager-arrow-next"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <span class="visually-hidden">Next page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">›</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div rel="tab-2" data-tab-id="#72-2" class="body-copy-tabbed__content body-copy "> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-expert-posts view-id-expert_posts view-display-id-news_and_media js-view-dom-id-79dcc0069d3d0e307bf65945ef8532e3ac6d75572d2a62a145c5a9ad039aba0a"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">Pearls and Irritations</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://johnmenadue.com/the-heroes-of-australias-international-story-from-eritrea-to-indonesia/"> The heroes of Australia’s international story, from Eritrea to Indonesia </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">20 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">ABC RN Rear Vision</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/rearvision/how-the-us-military-got-so-big/103750182"> Cashing in on conflict – how the US military industrial complex got so big </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">20 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">Nikkei Asia</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Opinion/Chinese-aircraft-carrier-s-voyage-hints-at-plan-for-post-U.S.-navy"> Chinese aircraft carrier's voyage hints at plan for 'post-U.S.' navy </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">20 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">The National Interest</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/chinas-fleet-aircraft-carriers-just-keeps-getting-bigger-and-deadlier-210992"> China's fleet of aircraft carriers just keeps getting bigger and deadlier </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">14 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">Defence Magazine</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://www.australiandefence.com.au/news/news/a-strong-us-presence-in-the-top-end"> A strong US presence in the Top End </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">14 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">Defence Connect</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://www.defenceconnect.com.au/geopolitics-and-policy/14041-uncomfortable-reality-trump-2-0-declining-us-regional-power-confronts-asian-allies"> Uncomfortable reality: Trump 2.0, declining US regional power confront Asian allies </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">13 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">Newsweek</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://www.newsweek.com/fujian-china-ford-aircraft-carrier-comparison-1899121"> Fujian vs. Ford: Can China's new aircraft carrier rival the U.S. Navy? </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">13 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">ABC Big Ideas</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/bigideas/superpowers-peacemakers-john-lyons-sam-roggeveen-ilaria-walker/103743380"> Superpowers and superpeacemakers — your guide to the key players with John Lyons, Sam Roggeveen & Ilaria Walker </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">09 May 2024</div> </div> <div class="news-item"> <div class="news-item__source">ABC PM</div> <div class="news-item__label"> <a target="__blank" href="https://abc.net.au/listen/programs/pm/helicopter-flare-up-reignites-china-australia-tensions/103816996"> Helicopter flare up reignites China-Australia tensions </a> </div> <div class="news-item__date">08 May 2024</div> </div> </div> <div class="margin-horizontal"> <div class="container margin-b-3 margin-t-1"> <nav class="pager" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="pagination-heading"> <div id="pagination-heading" class="visually-hidden h4">Pagination</div> <ul class="pager__items js-pager__items"> <li class="pager__item pager__item--previous disabled"> <a class="pager__link pager__link--prev" href="" title="Go to previous page" rel="prev" > <div class="btn-prev"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#pager-arrow-prev"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <span class="visually-hidden">Previous page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">‹ Previous</span> </a> </li> <li class="pager__item is-active"> <a class="pager__link is-active" href="?page=0" title="Current page" aria-current="page"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Current page </span>1</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=1" title="Go to page 2" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>2</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=2" title="Go to page 3" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>3</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=3" title="Go to page 4" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>4</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=4" title="Go to page 5" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>5</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=5" title="Go to page 6" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>6</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=6" title="Go to page 7" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>7</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=7" title="Go to page 8" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>8</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a class="pager__link" href="?page=8" title="Go to page 9" > <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>9</a> </li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--ellipsis" role="presentation">…</li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--next has-previous-item"> <a class="pager__link pager__link--next" href="?page=1" title="Go to next page" rel="next" > <div class="btn-next"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#pager-arrow-next"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <span class="visually-hidden">Next page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">›</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="scroll-to-top__button"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#back-to-top"></use> </svg> </div> </div> Top </div> </div> </article> </div> <div id="block-institutesubscribeblock"> <div class="subscribe-block__wrapper margin-horizontal margin-v-5"> <div class="container"> <div class="subscribe-block"> <div class="subscribe-block__image"> <img src="https://www.lowyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/styles/institute_subscribe/public/images/subscribe-image.png?itok=ILZGhFWd" alt="subscribe-to-stay-update"> </div> <div class="subscribe-block__info"> <h2>Subscribe to stay up to date </h2> <div class="subscribe-block__blurb">Be the first to receive the Lowy Institute’s latest research, podcasts and information on upcoming events.</div> <div class="subscribe-block__button"> <a role="button" href="https://portal.lowyinstitute.org/Account/Login/Register?returnUrl=%2fprofile-custom%2f" class="button-primary">Subscribe now</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer role="contentinfo" class="site-footer margin-horizontal margin-t-5"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-grid"> <div class="footer-grid-menu"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-footer-menu" id="block-footer"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-menu">Footer</h2> <div class="footer-grid"> <div class="footer-grid-menu"> <ul class="grid-menu grid-menu--sub grid-menu--sub-0 level-0"> <li class="grid-menu__item grid-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="grid-menu__link grid-menu__link--with-sub" href="/about"> About </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/what-we-do">What We Do</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/board">Board of Directors</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/programs-and-projects">Programs & Projects</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/funding-support">Funding & Support</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/support-us">Support Us</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/about/careers">Careers</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="grid-menu__item grid-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="grid-menu__link grid-menu__link--with-sub" href="/people/experts"> People </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/michael-fullilove">Executive Director</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts">Experts</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/people/experts#operations-staff">Operations Staff</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="grid-menu__item grid-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="grid-menu__link grid-menu__link--with-sub" href="/publications"> Research </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=193">Interactives</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=186">Analyses</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=182">Policy Briefs</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=183">Lowy Institute Papers</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=187">Polling</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="grid-menu__item grid-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="grid-menu__link grid-menu__link--with-sub" href="/newsroom"> Media </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/newsroom">Newsroom</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications/podcasts">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/publications?type=189">Commentary</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/lowy-institute-media-award">Lowy Institute Media Award</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="grid-menu__item grid-menu__item--with-sub"> <a class="grid-menu__link grid-menu__link--with-sub" href="/events"> Events </a> <span class="expand-sub"></span> <div class="menu_second_level__wrapper container sustained"> <div class="container"> <ul class="menu_item_list menu_second_level"> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/events">Upcoming Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/lowy-events-library">Past Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="main-menu__link " href="/event-highlights">Highlights</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="block-footercontactblock"> <div class="footer-contact"> <div class="our-location-title"> Our location </div> <div class="our-location-address"> <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Farrow+House,+31+Bligh+St,+Sydney+NSW+2000/@-33.8656324,151.2100623,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x6b12ae41d8553343:0x4691807942808041!8m2!3d-33.8656324!4d151.2100623" target="_blank">31 Bligh Street, Sydney NSW 2000</a> </div> <div class="contact-phone"> <a href="tel: +61 2 8238 9000">+61 2 8238 9000</a> </div> <div class="social-links"> <div class="facebook-link"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/LowyInstitute"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <path d="M19.167 0H.834A.833.833 0 0 0 0 .833v18.334c0 .46.373.833.834.833h9.791v-7.5h-2.5V9.375h2.5v-2.5c0-2.583 1.636-3.854 3.94-3.854 1.104 0 2.053.082 2.329.118v2.7l-1.598.001c-1.254 0-1.546.596-1.546 1.47v2.065h3.125L16.25 12.5h-2.5l.05 7.5h5.367c.46 0 .833-.373.833-.833V.833A.833.833 0 0 0 19.167 0" fill="#052638" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </svg></a> </div> <div class="twitter-link"> <a href="https://twitter.com/LowyInstitute"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="17" viewBox="0 0 20 17"> <path d="M17.643 2.568a4.115 4.115 0 0 0 1.805-2.27 8.229 8.229 0 0 1-2.606.995A4.103 4.103 0 0 0 9.85 5.035 11.65 11.65 0 0 1 1.393.749a4.102 4.102 0 0 0 1.27 5.478 4.082 4.082 0 0 1-1.859-.513v.052a4.105 4.105 0 0 0 3.291 4.023 4.11 4.11 0 0 1-1.853.07 4.107 4.107 0 0 0 3.833 2.85A8.233 8.233 0 0 1 .98 14.464c-.331 0-.657-.019-.979-.056a11.617 11.617 0 0 0 6.29 1.843c7.548 0 11.675-6.253 11.675-11.675 0-.178-.004-.355-.012-.53A8.322 8.322 0 0 0 20 1.92a8.212 8.212 0 0 1-2.357.647z" fill="#052638" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </svg></a> </div> <div class="youtube-link"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRgFUxxVSDOrPFfWqs6yUiw"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="15" viewBox="0 0 20 15"> <path d="M7.935 9.628v-5.62l5.403 2.82-5.403 2.8zM19.8 3.034s-.196-1.378-.795-1.985c-.76-.796-1.613-.8-2.004-.847C14.202 0 10.004 0 10.004 0h-.008S5.797 0 2.999.202C2.608.25 1.756.252.994 1.05.395 1.656.2 3.034.2 3.034S0 4.654 0 6.271V7.79c0 1.619.2 3.237.2 3.237s.195 1.378.794 1.985c.762.797 1.761.772 2.206.855 1.6.153 6.8.2 6.8.2s4.203-.005 7.001-.208c.39-.047 1.243-.05 2.004-.847.6-.607.795-1.985.795-1.985s.2-1.618.2-3.237V6.27c0-1.618-.2-3.237-.2-3.237z" fill="#052638" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </svg></a> </div> <div class="linkedin-link"> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/457230"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <path d="M17.043 17.042h-2.966V12.4c0-1.107-.019-2.531-1.541-2.531-1.543 0-1.78 1.206-1.78 2.451v4.72H7.795V7.498h2.843v1.306h.041c.396-.751 1.363-1.542 2.806-1.542 3.004 0 3.56 1.976 3.56 4.547v5.234zM4.45 6.194a1.72 1.72 0 1 1-.003-3.44 1.72 1.72 0 0 1 .003 3.44zm1.484 10.848h-2.97V7.497h2.97v9.545zM19.167 0H.834A.833.833 0 0 0 0 .833v18.333c0 .46.373.834.834.834h18.333c.46 0 .833-.373.833-.834V.833A.833.833 0 0 0 19.167 0z" fill="#052638" fill-rule="evenodd"/> </svg></a> </div> <div class="rss-link"> <a href="/publications/rss.xml"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <g fill="#052638" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M0 17.143a2.857 2.857 0 1 1 5.715 0 2.857 2.857 0 0 1-5.715 0M20 20h-3.81C16.19 11.072 8.929 3.81 0 3.81V0c11.028 0 20 8.972 20 20"/> <path d="M13.333 20H9.524c0-5.252-4.273-9.524-9.524-9.524v-3.81c7.352 0 13.333 5.982 13.333 13.334"/> </g> </svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="media-enquires"> Media enquiries </div> <div class="contact-name"> </div> <div class="contact-phone"> <a href="tel: +61 2 8238 9035">+61 2 8238 9035</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="region region-footer-second"> <div id="block-footerinfoblock"> <div class="footer-info"> The Lowy Institute acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora nation, the traditional custodians of the land on which the Institute stands, and pays respects to their elders, past and present. <div class="copyright"> <div class="copyright__left"> <div class="copyright-lowy">Copyright © 2024 Lowy Institute</div> <div class="copyright-menu"> <ul> <li><a aria-label="Link Terms of Use" href="/about/terms-use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a aria-label="Link Privacy Policy" href="/about/privacy-policy-lowy-institute-international-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="copyright__right"> <div class="copyright-dg"> <a href="https://www.digitalgarden.com.au/" target="_blank">Digital Garden <svg width="17" height="13" viewBox="0 0 17 13" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="translate(-4 -3)"><path d="M20.13 3H18.3C15.091 3 4 3.139 4 9.834c0 3.107 2.279 5.937 6.348 5.937 4.3 0 9.783-3.124 9.783-12.771" id="Fill-1"/></g></svg></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="scroll-to-top__button"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <div class=""> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/lowy/dist/img/sprite/sprite.svg#back-to-top"></use> </svg> </div> </div> Top </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://digitalgarden.atlassian.net/s/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e-T/-onpk8x/b/7/c95134bc67d3a521bb3f4331beb9b804/_/download/batch/com.atlassian.jira.collector.plugin.jira-issue-collector-plugin:issuecollector/com.atlassian.jira.collector.plugin.jira-issue-collector-plugin:issuecollector.js?locale=en-US&collectorId=8667749d"></script> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"people\/experts\/bio\/sam-roggeveen","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxlzdEOwiAMBdAfWuWTTIFKagoltHPj703cHqa-NPee3KRFtQjdsaFM52Sh_MAius0QNU9I2ic4xkj50CIaUc48OEOlth6Vmzn76gQdCx1WkdtlUnUQPFicxvnF0lARcAWn3f9M-0l9sNNi05xqiGi0vJg2C597wyfuX1A1r0Jv0Pta1Q","theme":"lowy","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/search":true},"google_analytics":{"account":"UA-3115931-1","trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackTel":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"views":{"ajax_path":"\/views\/ajax","ajaxViews":{"views_dom_id:79dcc0069d3d0e307bf65945ef8532e3ac6d75572d2a62a145c5a9ad039aba0a":{"view_name":"expert_posts","view_display_id":"news_and_media","view_args":"1503","view_path":"\/people\/experts\/bio\/sam-roggeveen","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"79dcc0069d3d0e307bf65945ef8532e3ac6d75572d2a62a145c5a9ad039aba0a","pager_element":0},"views_dom_id:3886cf1063fa6a91df3191bfe42759e9497f592d2f217b5304babb5b0a72d10d":{"view_name":"expert_posts","view_display_id":"publication","view_args":"1503","view_path":"\/people\/experts\/bio\/sam-roggeveen","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"3886cf1063fa6a91df3191bfe42759e9497f592d2f217b5304babb5b0a72d10d","pager_element":0}}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"bd777d7db1355c10e0fde9fc698b606162805df67e53889b9b3ba270225af8e7"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_aEjLa0ufom_BPBRhGUVoWAXzImM1VPC53EToAz9zrWg.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=lowy&include=eJxdjVEKAyEMRC-0qUcq0U0lJTqiabfevqXu18IwPB4Dk4FscufKNl3TCPkiNsMxQzZEtsWjdXU5OXWYkeOXtr1VjhH-feMnf9YmYp-U0CY5xyj7sgVd6KHm0s-PwlqpSH19Ae2bOZE"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/lowy/components/js/svgxuse.min.js?snwxzp" defer></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_hmxw_vrFaCkWD0lj5csGhgyLW5acl5X3OxWDk7E7JqA.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=lowy&include=eJxdjVEKAyEMRC-0qUcq0U0lJTqiabfevqXu18IwPB4Dk4FscufKNl3TCPkiNsMxQzZEtsWjdXU5OXWYkeOXtr1VjhH-feMnf9YmYp-U0CY5xyj7sgVd6KHm0s-PwlqpSH19Ae2bOZE"></script> </body> </html>