CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91733b8c5803a8ea',cH: 'mdrObQnRYI0akB._OajUajflopaWzpakDduWA6jW1VI-1740439712-1.2.1.1-ArJodCKVbhunuuZRkkU_di01OxsHp1jxd5tpqaR7wzdkn_Avgq_XYBShhAh1Gu8N',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Loren%20S.%20Bernal.&__cf_chl_tk=ZYJRkH1ozltEGn.6Yf5YvqcyOtnVUhWA.dJsk27T.co-1740439712-1.0.1.1-CpugRuieFvehPhLcbvGCAKXnWNksoPInIJcSKeNPJKo",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740439712',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Loren%20S.%20Bernal.&__cf_chl_f_tk=ZYJRkH1ozltEGn.6Yf5YvqcyOtnVUhWA.dJsk27T.co-1740439712-1.0.1.1-CpugRuieFvehPhLcbvGCAKXnWNksoPInIJcSKeNPJKo",md: "wgDAByKrmahK1M1o7EXCKEtQQYdFBn9c25NzCx2bIy0-1740439712-1.2.1.1-_pVkzD7Wm31ezcYpyNMp5DufIhIvBXjcyd.z1NS8AGPDOy3skK.azYxd3If40xPAGSqadvkXMOTwuNaexwgYpabCVt4BubMfFL6igA.92tN9EkRnoPapx3iFCRjME3DddU3.jjmPzyPY30IzMCrFZ42Zn6nhd7n3elNvFisw1EpcxTrP5JdOwxJPk62i.7DmCLW3RKbAyYoE8gTYdqeT5j.Dg6C_fGjRmCm9PMUC5sRprDE8v1.sr81na._2QymIaE2e9nKfDNkNBY.aZNtUv1hFUDYZiA2rf6aOuAZXTjKgeeAzqFGl2G6zU.n.9caCR5kiR3nTgtp.Qs.zybBrM6mWZ4kB_JN9kS0VAWv1hbVUNtTQwHLB2zIoFV5OX8i37ZhfbmqsWa_Xkz6ujR2vRkw.WILn_bp3DpXJpKrzyvaBNXGR3E80.x3kQNL8P.f7cHFAywx5lxmB_HNW10hqRAPFMCE_PJjg94DVX5nCGVuUy_eAb_D2fk8ni0J141IOMDtY1BWFqf9FWbF5.yvzZZS4go4yoveJ._TYvP6KsvqGK5itz8NXUse9vz3wyukLXOZJ6W2FmNoDILBJZ8UzluWFW3kR3bMf_gkF7uPiUROSka3yGeznru1F_q4iqpOlNqcBv8Nf7FDvmPlFL2uEwnkfdmOGRyJoU4fh50Q_h.kUtYG4WCeEXO.wU7MpvP3geVzY5jQBE3QiTwS6N7ftQrmgrR8k2mflHYPxnMochJ7PglkN44rQAXwiYzDDGPjZlOTig7QNWAArLYsYT6nV4RXe_OxNOGOS2zi0Ju4tOBCXo6i5UWP1u.oYITNGKcGsmT3dImCi5rdZqxTQqde9xFdAVUYV3PnroHvWyF8hK1aNm3vLZVzdqHKXiAL7nfn8xcm5VSRBJtZLiTKFb314dRHEeLWi7cMxBkxWnSIJIr3hSujDdQGsH5gNzzP3p_Jzmt8q.JEaxc6CtX0EEtjqf8pEo7DXdUYyTAcfB0UtReqco0vGZSuaiIUPYuD1XeRKgX.AtS421pJL0ch5UKcSJFwVKW3OdYMyZW0Am1hhrguXf1LP5kFlXxGVbbjENES9DXDBu9s7sV6NYcUq_cUKafQ2misMWQrMxB0p0xNR25sqpO5ktqkvJqXmEot4txlu81d50vPbXla1eNA0QueVl39QpSQQL2UUHTSdho8Zf4mlXDeuJ0x_.rXML8ux26lHY4rn4MiWx.A2XqemuZ56KY339JwVzSuodTOnCix6DdlfxDN.EKPWJB_pOuf.bi4HM5e8fo6ZSYnXkuQR7VlsfH_Q0xSV4ZWOc__xQCnnizB78p4q8NZMPVkK5yNfuKj4CTVGl39koHZ4B6Er4JaiPLmQs4i87owoRfJ74KR8LBO6iGd4yyHxB3SBfwqwoSPXkhvKFIpIleOFD.zxu0VPJY04o3mR.YhVVIbAN7qbxQgfv95pb4RYeLFJB7AxFgL9AiW7E8BsL6Hv4S_rSXLp0w4kswBv.QdzbaiT0iosQmvDDk52rg0PkgvRpOGfm2sWX_ytTB8HHwOsfcZZYDH4pbSGZFZqWwBAmv288SV5sZOiS9v4yeHs3kFBh27iCnYM3WaIpTl0uDEs14ALWUbFqhGTKmBu1xPUl.vscXyFh.Ci44_eVnxhtg2PK6dxFj5595ntK8E7fZoHx1AgXASu_9hcgiz3oEiBVZsHbx5sUkpc0XIR1e9xuoYFvBopFZbmVlWQWDYN_EAIiguuN_HPFzBsm5QnWzv9Qb61zovffJd6XSQ5XmJ8i8vI_ajAuXa7v6NDf5961Vfas09F.ZXcMVxgbEagyw25VmRx7G76Y8yQX_QMoUY_UZQzxKt4BAvkzyn2a5r8qBIy6uhvvHl0UDCAFk51bJnq_NM38cYT80PCCe67nneDSFHYnuR.mTGDxZsiKudUVV6UYOQiBMxXvgimc44BF_JyitNi1xrAz8c",mdrd: "WVZiEkXznagjlvN0w6Y7TdpCKzHjgWXNjTSrBmf6dJw-1740439712-1.2.1.1-EF5vrrSyL6w.m6IICCK2nf0FlAKv_wdYFsPzjzLWwqR_SncfAf.UwNRgso.h9YC7_4MjUu9ZAFNeYOUNeOfzt5XZfmM.GwEb6cUuXbf5a_76IVj44BONtnvTJlYpjFU_wifw.wRHO1PeHHjkZ8eL_3jhmovojQZzSaRSkCN3PzE7Gcs1XQA5OU914alkdWWTA4MFdUUW3YGeY3hkhA6eV58k0g_gLuygHPDxnSXdTzdrEw.IW4krwvgAq5YPneNQgbKb9iSdra64D5vJHXnNEFXHWSaxNWtyYbqu0SFza38nUms6vyjGwMh.4MB.oCKHr5zp.Umn.v.QaWgXZ8hJn6NvRSn19yv875.Q4A04OTW_psd6fn8ZHFJtxLTtPi3NMtF3uUEXMvXIQz5hAMP9De4l.SVK5bsujQrFk14qdfx7mEoTB3lQUd0XTl64fFbU0gfPXQhY_m2yFPslwAJFvO42xZLm84h9iIROGU2z_r4xGekgxT.RCz33fKh3kYQB3yX8ZHVTcbw5tTmRcbIHdSLJjffyyngk.gaUTgh3aOrT44uGIDffo5wPH6a8nFcdWqP1A1YY2OLuz6dYLBuwTZdWmmQlfs83K4CUF1AYSLr9gcBtCvKwEh..EsOPMIKo30nEUCi9tmu6_8pTC78uRcAH96R7G26IHSg.8pzac9vy4KdVmMAXcTvVrKfvRt9fvpMQ7eq8iwNg7alrmbYSIjWC3ZbC33Kb039IJ4nR_qgDUHWpyqifvcvkY5zuA_o3k_vN5eTea80VjT.EnuM0zzi_51wse0qYEO4C_AvANMDxJ8Jz3Lkr43_i9UDtw.jH_aKAmX33gGzck.QY0GpvXnw8eYdPEItQ7zdIsgflc8SE.O8p7sDFbT8U51oHqQNNtXXA1n_5cVvAZ8lUVM9ZqbgK_jDpdG3fuyl4iaynzvoKNymwDBtoCJdDb31pVPv.T__neQVDZ9hHdXBqUVZHHKpwewpbCHSL9r3AuwemfI0hm8YvVmr10SRd3Ddkig8k5n_cuUQ5Iw0NkaTTp9DgkJaO1pijSDg1oZNShacAB9_PcJVwemvW5jNOb71T_apG4EJf6Gt5cT6zjxx5HfecZmV2q_P_.vXsjJi0M2jv6g8u5.nk5ZHxSZ.QGx.GC.R.cI0O5YQ7JJ3MZDpiiM02UtjbPB9HcHqFfTGgZltvxE158rxFTvnk94G3AONz4Vcl6MYgYULPG0tn.NGsawY7HCksgdX1cG25dZ5Al0NKUm00uOc5TDWXeNx2Sp_8xa6z3LD.KlytT6BfjwaE_N95AZQh4raKiK6gzQKyhA9FF5whwJcYjGUJIK1yLOM8VOXC.tQw2Ftcv80T5pGNzOg1jd76dXTapnGKCiX02aiio1a5lBAal5.YycpZkUGsFwlmEBirWNBXDV.zai4qL_dvw3g3FOGjso3GHkge8Kzt2ZMdtNrWWimTK8dmxcfQXoZ0JK_GufZpypJDovFBjUiojOhx9nl0YqKU9YN7Sgzp33U_R0IyJGhFWvrtxKOq.4jHxGhf2_zOBkgnfXkb_stqWj38vWamxcKNOaL9IIU.6Th2Y8u_b0p1Vr0QLJ_dtuOP2oqJOvKjyxkf98m3YNVNQpui0HFro7InHRt_CGh1cgCkF1lTRcAdNE6Hw4KQLsczTvqDrTW0KqlGASGOjJ_xz1GvW2aqPv5mVbyiEyYmcnzy2C0MnX3FmXkH0k.fP2YdJrMjP6FT1.ZV2C5cfQ94ZoFWchxfturJQd_L_31AL4UpNWh1A2W9xhqeMcmlRcrIPF8nDl6_08lNab8qpWr5dInbnc42JeL6pZfyL1O7WXX5cA3QOXhZ6TsxphSbr8MjiZQkhlsdHBxE3lB37fi5jI1TLdPha6shjVrVQfC.GyF9GAvOoPU6YF.hCYZGjhh872coWmJMAHlS2kLiMTQj.p75IGMtBKmLI.ax.svJi572iqq6pvqP6LjHmVcEYmH8uVKD3WcIdr_f1nSUVh4uMg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91733b8c5803a8ea';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Loren%20S.%20Bernal.&__cf_chl_rt_tk=ZYJRkH1ozltEGn.6Yf5YvqcyOtnVUhWA.dJsk27T.co-1740439712-1.0.1.1-CpugRuieFvehPhLcbvGCAKXnWNksoPInIJcSKeNPJKo" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>