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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">  <html lang="en"> <head id="stdcontainer"> <title> PerlMonks - The Monastery Gates </title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=131" />  <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="?node=list%20replies%20toggle%20javascript" integrity="sha384-6jdBZxT7udN82vOTryPaLwqMohSfDF3HXv3M32KAZ7dOREMdAkYh9ZhoaKCgCXcr" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/common.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="?node_id=204962" type="text/css" />   <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" /> <meta name = "description" content = "A community committed to sharing Perl knowledge and coding tips. 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Where do I start?</a></p> <div class="link-back"><b><a href="?node=Offering%20Plate">Donations gladly accepted</a></b></div>   <blockquote> </blockquote> <p style="text-align:center">If you're new here, please read <a href="?node=PerlMonks%20FAQ">PerlMonks FAQ</a><br /> and <a href="?node=Create%20a%20new%20user">Create a new user</a>!</p><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr class="section_title" width="100%" border="1"> <td class="section_title" width="100%"> Quests </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr width="100%" class="highlight"><td> <a href="?node_id=11163477">poll ideas quest 2025</a><br /> Starts at: Jan 01, 2025 at 00:00<br /> Ends at: Dec 31, 2025 at 23:59<br /> Current Status: Active </td> <td valign="top"> <a href="?node_id=11163477">1 reply</a> </td> <td valign="top"> by <a href="?node_id=275323">pollsters</a> </td> </tr> <tr><td> <ul>First, read <a href="?node=How%20do%20I%20create%20a%20Poll%3F">How do I create a Poll?</a>. Then suggest your poll here. Complete ideas are more likely to be used. <p> Note that links may be used in choices but not in the title.</ul> </td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table>  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr class="section_title" width="100%" border="1"> <td class="section_title" width="100%"> Perl News </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">  <TR class="highlight"><TD><a href="?node_id=11164084">PDL::Stats 0.854 released</a> <BR> on Feb 25, 2025 at 14:11 </TD> <TD valign=top> <a href="?node_id=11164084">0 replies</a> </TD> <TD valign=top> by <a href="?node_id=1068773">etj</a> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD> <ul>Significant changes in recent times: <ul> <li><a href="https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=97925">https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=97925</a> has been fixed: now anova_rptd works with mixed-model designs <li>There's now a demo at <a href="https://pdl.perl.org/?page=demos/stats">https://pdl.perl.org/?page=demos/stats</a> <li>The plotting functions now use <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/PDL%3A%3AGraphics%3A%3ASimple">PDL::Graphics::Simple</a> (which facilitates generating the above) <li>The plotting functions have also had a tidy-up, and now include plotting categorical anova data with stripcharts <li>It uses the new PDL 2.096+ "lib/*.pd" format so it builds quicker </ul> Any problems, please let us know by opening a GitHub issue, joining the IRC channel (both linked on the <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/PDL%3A%3AStats">PDL::Stats</a> page) or emailing the pdl-general list.</ul> </TD></TR>   <TR class="highlight"><TD><a href="?node_id=11163868">Proposed Perl Changes, by Dave Cross</a> <BR> on Jan 28, 2025 at 15:13 </TD> <TD valign=top> <a href="?node_id=11163868">0 replies</a> </TD> <TD valign=top> by <a href="?node_id=24491">perlnewsbot</a> </TD> </TR> <TR><TD> <ul><p> <a href="https://perlhacks.com/2025/01/proposed-perl-changes/">Proposed Perl Changes</a>, by Dave Cross — essentially a high-level snapshot for those of us not involved in the nitty-gritty. </p> </ul> </TD></TR>  </table> </td> </tr> </table>  <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr class="section_title" width="100%" border="1"> <td class="section_title" width="100%"> Supplications </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">    <tr class="post-head post_head"> <td valign="top" style="padding-left:.2em">  <a id ="post-head-id11164056" name="post-head-id11164056" href="?node_id=11164056" >what should be in PERL5LIB after installing from source the 5.40.1 version on MacOS (am64)</a> <br/>  1 direct reply — <a href="?node_id=11164056">Read more / Contribute</a> </td> <td valign="top" align="right" style="padding-right:.2em">  by <a href="?node_id=486996">kwolcott</a> <br/>  on Feb 21, 2025 at 23:28 </td> </tr> <tr class="post-voterep"> <td colspan="2" class="voterep"> </td> </tr> <tr class="post-body post_body"> <td colspan="2"> <ul><p> I'm really confused and frustrated about how to get my PERL5LIB environment variable set correctly. </p> <p> I'm on MacOS Sequoia, aarch64, running zsh, installed Perl 5.40.1 from source, into the /opt/perl_5.40.1 directory. </p> <p> I already have a Perl 5.38.2, also built from source, located in the /opt/perl directory. </p> <p> I have a MacPorts version of Perl installed (5.34.3). I removed an additional MacPorts Perl version 5.38.3 that I had installed recently. </p> <p> I was reading in the Programming Perl book about PERL5LIB...I don't understand the order of the paths that should be in the PERL5LIB. </p> <p> I've installed MANY Perl modules from CPAN using cpanm, specifying -L path respective to each version of Perl. </p> <p> I have a section in my ~/.zshrc for Perl that looks like this: <p> <div class='readmore-link'><a href="?node_id=11164056">Read more...</a><span class='readmore-size'> (3 kB)</span></div> </p> <p> I'm not using homebrew and I'm not using perlbrew. </p> <p> I was using Sidef (installing manually as a standalone executable, not as a Perl Module) for some while, then things went bonkers when I installed Perl 5.38.3 from MacPorts (I think). Now Sidef fails, and many Perl programs fail that require modules (some work, some fail). </p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>./wagstaff_primes.pl Can't locate local/lib.pm in @INC (you may need to install the local::<span class="line-breaker"> <font color="red">+</font></span>lib module) (@INC entries checked: /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib/site_perl/5.4<span class="line-breaker"> <font color="red">+</font></span>0.1/darwin-2level /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib/site_perl/5.40.1 /opt/perl_5.4<span class="line-breaker"> <font color="red">+</font></span>0.1/lib/5.40.1/darwin-2level /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib/5.40.1) at ./wagsta<span class="line-breaker"> <font color="red">+</font></span>ff_primes.pl line 4. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at ./wagstaff_primes.pl line 4. </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?part=2;abspart=1;node_id=11164056;displaytype=displaycode">[download]</a></div></pre> <p> The aforementioned is a script from Rosetta Code. </p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>find /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib -type f -name lib.pm /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib/5.40.1/darwin-2level/lib.pm /opt/perl_5.40.1/lib/lib/perl5/local/lib.pm </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?abspart=1;part=3;node_id=11164056;displaytype=displaycode">[download]</a></div></pre> </ul> </td> </tr>     <tr class="post-head post_head"> <td valign="top" style="padding-left:.2em">  <a id ="post-head-id11164052" name="post-head-id11164052" href="?node_id=11164052" >Existing module for PerlX::Maybe except for hash existence?</a> <br/>  1 direct reply — <a href="?node_id=11164052">Read more / Contribute</a> </td> <td valign="top" align="right" style="padding-right:.2em">  by <a href="?node_id=5348">Corion</a> <br/>  on Feb 21, 2025 at 11:51 </td> </tr> <tr class="post-voterep"> <td colspan="2" class="voterep"> </td> </tr> <tr class="post-body post_body"> <td colspan="2"> <ul><p>I'm quite fond of using <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/PerlX%3A%3AMaybe">PerlX::Maybe</a> to pass parameters to subroutines if they are there:</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'> GetOptions( 'f' => \my $filename, 'bar' => \my $bar, 'bruce' => \my $batman, 'u' => \my $universe, ); foo( file => $filename, maybe bar => $bar, maybe baz => $batman, maybe universe => $universe, ) </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?part=1;abspart=1;displaytype=displaycode;node_id=11164052">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>The above will invoke <tt class='inlinecode'>foo()</tt> with only the hash keys that have a defined value. This is better in the sense that this allows <tt class='inlinecode'>foo()</tt> to make a difference between <i>parameter was not passed at all</i> and <i>parameter was passed, but was <tt class='inlinecode'>undef</tt></i>:</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>sub foo( %options ) { if( ! exists $options{ baz } ) { $options{ baz } = 'Superman'; }; ... } </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?part=5;abspart=1;displaytype=displaycode;node_id=11164052">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>Now, I'd like to have something similar(ish) to <tt class='inlinecode'>maybe</tt> on the receiving side for subroutines and objects, but I'm lacking a good name and a good syntax for it. The idea is to only set a value in a hash if the key does not exist yet. This is different from the <tt class='inlinecode'>//</tt> operator, because that one only checks for defined-ness, not for existence.</p> <p>If we already had <a href="https://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2019/11/msg256680.html">full-grown subroutine keyword parameters</a>, this could be written in a declarative way as:</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>sub foo( :$baz = 'Superman', :$bar, :$file, :$universe='DC' ) { } </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?part=8;abspart=1;node_id=11164052;displaytype=displaycode">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>(actually, I'm not sure if the above is correct for an invocation <tt class='inlinecode'>foo( baz => undef )</tt>).</p> <p>But we don't have named parameters in the syntax yet, so we have to deparse the parameters ourselves:</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>sub foo( %options ) { ... } </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?node_id=11164052;displaytype=displaycode;part=10;abspart=1">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>Let's assume that <tt class='inlinecode'>option</tt> is a good name for this (I'm not convinced):</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>sub option ( $key, $def, $options ) { if( !exists $options->{ $key } ) { $options->{ $key } = $def; } return $options } </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?node_id=11164052;displaytype=displaycode;part=12;abspart=1">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>Then we could have a syntax like this:</p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>sub foo( %options ) { option baz => 'Superman', option universe => 'DC', \%options; return \%options } </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?abspart=1;part=13;node_id=11164052;displaytype=displaycode">[download]</a></div></pre> <p>But I'm not entirely happy with this approach for two reasons:</p> <ol> <li>It doesn't strike me as overly elegant. I'm happy with it being not overly elegant, but there are some warts: <ul> <li>We pass in and modify the <tt class='inlinecode'>%options</tt> hash by reference. Alternatively we could do <tt class='inlinecode'>%options = option foo => 'bar', %options;</tt>, but that copies the whole hash a lot of times</li> <li>We eagerly evaluate the default values, which might be costly in the case of function calls: <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'> option files => [glob('~/*')], option html => $user_agent->get('https://example.com'), </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?displaytype=displaycode;node_id=11164052;abspart=1;part=16">[download]</a></div></pre> </li> </ul> </li> <li>There must be something like this on CPAN already</li> </ol> <p>Test file:</p> <p> <div class='readmore-link'><a href="?node_id=11164052">Read more...</a><span class='readmore-size'> (3 kB)</span></div> </p></ul> </td> </tr>     <tr class="post-head post_head"> <td valign="top" style="padding-left:.2em">  <a id ="post-head-id11164044" name="post-head-id11164044" href="?node_id=11164044" >AppVeyor failing to build/test CPAN distro</a> <br/>  1 direct reply — <a href="?node_id=11164044">Read more / Contribute</a> </td> <td valign="top" align="right" style="padding-right:.2em">  by <a href="?node_id=360854">jkeenan1</a> <br/>  on Feb 20, 2025 at 22:09 </td> </tr> <tr class="post-voterep"> <td colspan="2" class="voterep"> </td> </tr> <tr class="post-body post_body"> <td colspan="2"> <ul>I am doing my annual revision and upload of an income-tax-related CPAN module. For testing on Windows (to which I myself don't have access), this year I added an AppVeyor configuration file (.appveyor.yml) essentially cloned from one of existing AppVeyor config files. <p> <pre class="code"><div class='codeblock'><tt class='codetext'>$ cat .appveyor.yml version: 1.0.{build} branches: except: - /travis/ skip_tags: true cache: - C:\strawberry -> .appveyor.yml install: - if not exist "C:\strawberry" cinst strawberryperl - set PATH=C:\strawberry\perl\bin;C:\strawberry\perl\site\bin;C:\str<span class="line-breaker"> <font color="red">+</font></span>awberry\c\bin;%PATH% - cd C:\projects\%APPVEYOR_PROJECT_NAME% - cpanm --installdeps . build_script: - perl Makefile.PL - gmake test_script: - gmake test TEST_VERBOSE=1 notifications: - provider: Email to: - jkeenan@cpan.org on_build_status_changed: true </tt></div><div class='embed-code-dl'><a href="?displaytype=displaycode;node_id=11164044;part=1;abspart=1">[download]</a></div></pre> <p> However, the AppVeyor process repeatedly fails. Here's the relevant part of the output: <p> <p> <div class='readmore-link'><a href="?node_id=11164044">Read more...</a><span class='readmore-size'> (2 kB)</span></div> </p> <p> If I download the log.txt file from this run, the last 10 to 12 lines match the tail of the output above. <p> My other distros using .appveyor.yml configuration files build and test as expected, so I am at a lost as to explain why this one does not. 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