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Olazar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Leire Olazar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Leire Olazar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Leire Olazar" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Leire Olazar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Leire Olazar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Design and Performance Evaluation of Plasma Spouted Bed Reactor for Converting Waste Plastic into Green Hydrogen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Palash%20Kumar%20Mollick">Palash Kumar Mollick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leire%20Olazar"> Leire Olazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Santamaria"> Laura Santamaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Comendador"> Pablo Comendador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gartzen%20Lopez"> Gartzen Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Olazar"> Martin Olazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Average calorific value of a mixure of waste plastic is approximately 38 MJ/kg. Present work aims to extract maximum possible energy from a mixure of waste plastic using a DC thermal plasma in a spouted bed reactor. Plasma pyrolysis and steam reforming process has shown a potential to generate hydrogen from plastic with much below of legal limit of producing dioxins and furans as the carcinogenic gases. A spouted bed pyrolysis rector can continuously process plastic beads to produce organic volatiles, which later react with steam in presence of catalyst to results in syngas. lasma being the fourth state of matter, can carry high impact electrons to favour the activation energy of any chemical reactions. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics software has been performed to evaluate performance of a plasma spouted bed reactor in producing contamination free hydrogen as a green energy from waste plastic beads. The simulation results will showcase a design of a plasma spouted bed reactor for converting plastic waste into green hydrogen in a single step process. The high temperature hydrodynamics of spouted bed with plastic beads and the corresponding temperature distribution inside the reaction chamber will be critically examined for it’s near future installation of demonstration plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20hydrogen" title="green hydrogen">green hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title=" plastic waste"> plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20gas" title=" synthetic gas"> synthetic gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spouted%20bed" title=" spouted bed"> spouted bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactor%20design" title=" reactor design"> reactor design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dc%20palsma" title=" dc palsma"> dc palsma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cfd%20simulation" title=" cfd simulation"> cfd simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168911/design-and-performance-evaluation-of-plasma-spouted-bed-reactor-for-converting-waste-plastic-into-green-hydrogen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Intensification of Process Kinetics for Conversion of Organic Volatiles into Syngas Using Non-Thermal Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Palash%20Kumar%20Mollick">Palash Kumar Mollick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leire%20Olazar"> Leire Olazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Santamaria"> Laura Santamaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Comendador"> Pablo Comendador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manomita%20Mollick"> Manomita Mollick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gartzen%20Lopez"> Gartzen Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Olazar"> Martin Olazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The entire world is skeptical towards a silver line technology of converting plastic waste into valuable synthetic gas. At this junction, besides an adequately studied conventional catalytic process for steam reforming, a non-thermal plasma is being introduced. Organic volatiles are produced in the first step, pyrolysing the plastic materials. Resultant lightweight olefins and carbon monoxide are the major components that undergo a steam reforming process to achieve syngas. A non-thermal plasma consists of ionized gases and free electrons with an electronic temperature as high as 10³ K. Organic volatiles are, in general, endorganics inactive and thus demand huge bond-breaking energy. Conventional catalyst is incapable of providing the required activation energy, leading to poor thermodynamic equilibrium, whereas a non-thermal plasma can actively collide with reactants to produce a rich mix of reactive species, including vibrationally or electronically excited molecules, radicals, atoms, and ions. In addition, non-thermal plasma provides nonequilibrium conditions leading to electric discharge only in certain degrees of freedom without affecting the intrinsic chemical conditions of the participating reactants and products. In this work, we report thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the conversion of organic volatiles into syngas using a non-thermal plasma. Detailed characteristics of plasma and its effect on the overall yield of the process will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20thermal%20plasma" title="non thermal plasma">non thermal plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20catalysis" title=" plasma catalysis"> plasma catalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syngas" title=" syngas"> syngas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title=" plastic waste"> plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20energy" title=" green energy"> green energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172095/intensification-of-process-kinetics-for-conversion-of-organic-volatiles-into-syngas-using-non-thermal-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Energy Analysis and Integration of the H₂ Production from Biomass Fast Pyrolysis and in Line Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Comendador">P. Comendador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Suarez"> M. Suarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Olazar"> L. Olazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Cortazar"> M. Cortazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Artetxe"> M. Artetxe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Lopez"> G. Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Olazar"> M. Olazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> H₂ production from fast biomass pyrolysis and line Steam Reforming (SR) has been extensively studied in the last years. However, Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming (SESR) is gaining attention as an alternative to the conventional SR since it allows obtaining higher H₂ yields and a purity near 100 % in the product stream. In this work, both alternatives were compared through an energy analysis. The processes were modeled with PRO II v.2021 software. First, general energy balances were carried out in order to identify the total energy requirements in a wide range of operating conditions. At H₂ yield optimum conditions for both processes (steam to biomass ratio of 2 and temperature of 600 ºC), the total energy requirement for the SR alternative is 936 kJ/kgH₂, whereas for the SESR alternative is 1134 kJ/kgH₂. Then, the energy needs were grouped into operation stages, aiming at identifying the energy sinks and sources of the processes. It was determined that the SESR alternative is more energy intensive due to the need for a calcination stage for regenerating the sorbent. Finally, a configuration of the SESR alternative with energy integration was developed in order to compensate for the energy demand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biomass%20valorization" title="Biomass valorization">Biomass valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20capture" title=" CO₂ capture"> CO₂ capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Energy%20analysis" title=" Energy analysis"> Energy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%E2%82%82%20production" title=" H₂ production"> H₂ production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165192/energy-analysis-and-integration-of-the-h2-production-from-biomass-fast-pyrolysis-and-in-line-sorption-enhanced-steam-reforming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Development of CaO-based Sorbents Applied to Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Comendador">P. Comendador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Garcia"> I. Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Orozco"> S. Orozco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Santamaria"> L. Santamaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amutio"> M. Amutio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Lopez"> G. Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Olazar"> M. Olazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In situ CO₂ capture in steam reforming processes has been studied in the last years as an alternative for increasing H₂ yields and H₂ purity in the product stream. For capturing the CO₂ at the reforming conditions, CaO-based sorbents are usually employed due to their properties at high temperature, low cost and high availability. However, the challenge is to develop high-capacity (gCO₂/gsorbent) materials that retain their capacity over cycles of operation. Besides, since the objective is to capture the CO₂ generated in situ, another key aspect is the sorption dynamics, which means that, in order to efficiently use the sorbent, it has to capture the CO₂ at a rate equal to or higher than the generation rate. In this work, different CaO-based materials have been prepared to aim at meeting these criteria. First, and by using the wet mixing method, different inert materials (Mg, Ce and Al) were combined with CaO. Second, and with the inert material selected (Mg), the effect of its concentration in the final material was studied. Transversally, the calcination temperature was also evaluated. It was determined that the wet mixing method is a simple procedure suitable for the preparation of CaO sorbents mixed with inert materials. The materials prepared by mixing the CaO with Mg have shown satisfactory anti-sintering properties and adequate sorption kinetics for their application in steam reforming processes. Regarding the concentration of Mg in the solid, it was concluded that high values contribute to the stability but at the expense of losing sorption capacity. Finally, it was observed that high calcination temperatures negatively affected the sorption properties of the final materials due to the decrease in the pore volume and the specific surface area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcination%20temperature%20effect" title="calcination temperature effect">calcination temperature effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20capture" title=" CO₂ capture"> CO₂ capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mg-Ce-Al%20stabilizers" title=" Mg-Ce-Al stabilizers"> Mg-Ce-Al stabilizers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mg%20varying%20concentration%20effect" title=" Mg varying concentration effect"> Mg varying concentration effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sorbent%20stabilization" title=" Sorbent stabilization"> Sorbent stabilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165190/development-of-cao-based-sorbents-applied-to-sorption-enhanced-steam-reforming-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Isosorbide Bis-Methyl Carbonate: Opportunities for an Industrial Model Based on Biomass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Gomez%20De%20Miranda">Olga Gomez De Miranda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20R.%20Ochoa-Gomez"> Jose R. Ochoa-Gomez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefaan%20De%20Wildeman"> Stefaan De Wildeman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luciano%20Monsegue"> Luciano Monsegue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soraya%20Prieto"> Soraya Prieto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leire%20Lorenzo"> Leire Lorenzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Dineiro"> Cristina Dineiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The chemical industry is facing a new revolution. As long as processes based on the exploitation of fossil resources emerged with force in the XIX century, Society currently demands a new radical change that will lead to the complete and irreversible implementation of a circular sustainable economic model. The implementation of biorefineries will be essential for this. There, renewable raw materials as sugars and other biomass resources are exploited for the development of new materials that will partially replace their petroleum-derived homologs in a safer, and environmentally more benign approach. Isosorbide, (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-d-glucidol) is a primary bio-based derivative obtained from the plant (poly) saccharides and a very interesting example of a useful chemical produced in biorefineries. It can, in turn, be converted to other secondary monomers as isosorbide bis-methyl carbonate (IBMC), whose main field of application can be as a key biodegradable intermediary substitute of bisphenol-A in the manufacture of polycarbonates, or as an alternative to the toxic isocyanates in the synthesis of new polyurethanes (non-isocyanate polyurethanes) both with a huge application market. New products will present advantageous mechanical or optical properties, as well as improved behavior in non-toxicity and biodegradability aspects in comparison to their petro-derived alternatives. A robust production process of IBMC, a biomass-derived chemical, is here presented. It can be used with different raw material qualities using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as both co-reactant and solvent. It consists of the transesterification of isosorbide with DMC under soft operational conditions, using different basic catalysts, always active with the isosorbide characteristics and purity. Appropriate isolation processes have been also developed to obtain crude IBMC yields higher than 90%, with oligomers production lower than 10%, independently of the quality of the isosorbide considered. All of them are suitable to be used in polycondensation reactions for polymers obtaining. If higher qualities of IBMC are needed, a purification treatment based on nanofiltration membranes has been also developed. The IBMC reaction-isolation conditions established in the laboratory have been successfully modeled using appropriate software programs and moved to a pilot-scale (production of 100 kg of IBMC). It has been demonstrated that a highly efficient IBMC production process able to be up-scaled under suitable market conditions has been obtained. Operational conditions involved the production of IBMC involve soft temperature and energy needs, no additional solvents, and high operational efficiency. All of them are according to green manufacturing rules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalyst" title=" catalyst"> catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isosorbide%20bis-methyl%20carbonate" title=" isosorbide bis-methyl carbonate"> isosorbide bis-methyl carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycarbonate" title=" polycarbonate"> polycarbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyurethane" title=" polyurethane"> polyurethane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126022/isosorbide-bis-methyl-carbonate-opportunities-for-an-industrial-model-based-on-biomass" 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