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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Benefits_of_authority_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benefits_of_authority_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Benefits of authority control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Benefits_of_authority_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Examples-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Examples subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diverse_names_describe_the_same_subject" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diverse_names_describe_the_same_subject"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Diverse names describe the same subject</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diverse_names_describe_the_same_subject-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Same_name_describes_two_different_subjects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Same_name_describes_two_different_subjects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Same name describes two different subjects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Same_name_describes_two_different_subjects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authority_records_and_files" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authority_records_and_files"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Authority records and files</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authority_records_and_files-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Access_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Access control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cooperative_cataloging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cooperative_cataloging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cooperative cataloging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cooperative_cataloging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Standards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Authority control</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="ضبط استنادي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ضبط استنادي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_d%27autor%C3%ADa" title="Control d'autoría – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Control d'autoría" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativ_yoxlama" title="Normativ yoxlama – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Normativ yoxlama" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="কর্তৃপক্ষ নিয়ন্ত্রণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কর্তৃপক্ষ নিয়ন্ত্রণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ACn-k%C3%B9_kh%C3%B2ng-ch%C3%A8" title="Sìn-kù khòng-chè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sìn-kù khòng-chè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нарматыўны кантроль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нарматыўны кантроль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Нормативен контрол – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нормативен контрол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrola_autoriteta" title="Kontrola autoriteta – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kontrola autoriteta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Control d'autoritats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritn%C3%AD_kontrola" title="Autoritní kontrola – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Autoritní kontrola" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheolaeth_awdurdod" title="Rheolaeth awdurdod – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rheolaeth awdurdod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritetsdata" title="Autoritetsdata – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Autoritetsdata" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normdatei" title="Normdatei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%8C%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Κατάλογος καθιερωμένων όρων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατάλογος καθιερωμένων όρων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_de_autoridades" title="Control de autoridades – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Control de autoridades" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norma datumaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritateen_kontrol" title="Autoritateen kontrol – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Autoritateen kontrol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9" title="کنترل از طریق مرجع – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنترل از طریق مرجع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rial%C3%BA_%C3%BAdar%C3%A1is" title="Rialú údaráis – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rialú údaráis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurneil_eaghtyrys" title="Gurneil eaghtyrys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Gurneil eaghtyrys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_de_autoridades" title="Control de autoridades – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Control de autoridades" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhikrut_suchkancho_tabo" title="Adhikrut suchkancho tabo – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Adhikrut suchkancho tabo" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khi%C3%A8n-v%C3%AE_kh%C3%BAng-ch%E1%B9%B3" title="Khièn-vî khúng-chṳ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khièn-vî khúng-chṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="전거 통제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전거 통제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%89%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B7%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Չափորոշչային վերահսկողություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Չափորոշչային վերահսկողություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="प्राधिकरण नियंत्रण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्राधिकरण नियंत्रण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativni_nadzor" title="Normativni nadzor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Normativni nadzor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrol_ti_autoridad" title="Kontrol ti autoridad – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kontrol ti autoridad" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Controllo di autorità – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Controllo di autorità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%96%D7%94%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="בקרת זהויות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בקרת זהויות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Нормативті бақылау – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нормативті бақылау" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otorite_(syans_enf%C3%B2masyon)" title="Otorite (syans enfòmasyon) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Otorite (syans enfòmasyon)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrola_otor%C3%AEtey%C3%AA" title="Kontrola otorîteyê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kontrola otorîteyê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritat%C4%ABv%C4%81_vad%C4%ABba" title="Autoritatīvā vadība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Autoritatīvā vadība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contr%C3%B2llo_de_outorit%C3%A6" title="Contròllo de outoritæ – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Contròllo de outoritæ" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Нормативна контрола – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нормативна контрола" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" title="अथॉरिटी कंट्रोल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अथॉरिटी कंट्रोल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B8%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89" title="ظبط استنادى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ظبط استنادى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawalan_kewibawaan" title="Kawalan kewibawaan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kawalan kewibawaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C4%95-hu%C3%A2ng_k%C3%B3ng-ci%C3%A9" title="Giĕ-huâng kóng-cié – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Giĕ-huâng kóng-cié" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B8%E6%8B%A0%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="典拠管理 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="典拠管理" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritetsdata" title="Autoritetsdata – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Autoritetsdata" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoritetsdata" title="Autoritetsdata – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Autoritetsdata" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A3" title="ਪਰਾਧੀਕਰਨ ਨਿਯਤਰਣ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਰਾਧੀਕਰਨ ਨਿਯਤਰਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kontrola autorytatywna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controle_de_autoridade" title="Controle de autoridade – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Controle de autoridade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нормативный контроль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нормативный контроль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontrolla_normative" title="Kontrolla normative – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kontrolla normative" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="අධිකාරී පාලනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අධිකාරී පාලනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authority_control" title="Authority control – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Authority control" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorita_(knihovn%C3%ADctvo)" title="Autorita (knihovníctvo) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Autorita (knihovníctvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativna_kontrola" title="Normativna kontrola – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Normativna kontrola" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Нормативна контрола – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нормативна контрола" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normativna_kontrola" title="Normativna kontrola – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Normativna kontrola" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Auktoritetsdata" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="அதிகாரக் கட்டுப்பாடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அதிகாரக் கட்டுப்பாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D3%A3" title="Назорати муаллифӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Назорати муаллифӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otorite_kontrol%C3%BC" title="Otorite kontrolü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Otorite kontrolü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нормативний контроль – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нормативний контроль" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BB%83m_so%C3%A1t_t%C3%ADnh_nh%E1%BA%A5t_qu%C3%A1n" title="Kiểm soát tính nhất quán – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiểm soát tính nhất quán" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%8A%E5%A8%81%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="權威控制 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="權威控制" 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href="/wiki/Information_science" title="Information science">information science</a>, <b>authority control</b> is a process that organizes information, for example in <a href="/wiki/Library_catalog" title="Library catalog">library catalogs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by using a single, distinct spelling of a name (heading) or an (generally <a href="/wiki/Alphanumericals" title="Alphanumericals">alphanumeric</a>) identifier for each topic or concept. The word <i>authority</i> in <i>authority control</i> derives from the idea that the names of people, places, things, and concepts are <i>authorized,</i> i.e., they are established in one particular form.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2G113_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2G113-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2G114_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2G114-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2G115_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2G115-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These one-of-a-kind headings or identifiers are applied consistently throughout catalogs which make use of the respective authority file,<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY333_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY333-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are applied for other methods of organizing data such as linkages and <a href="/wiki/Cross-reference" title="Cross-reference">cross references</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY333_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY333-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY112_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY112-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each controlled entry is described in an authority <i>record</i> in terms of its scope and usage, and this organization helps the library staff maintain the catalog and make it user-friendly for researchers.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY312-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cataloger" class="mw-redirect" title="Cataloger">Catalogers</a> assign each subject—such as author, topic, series, or corporation—a particular unique identifier or heading term which is then used consistently, uniquely, and unambiguously for all references to that same subject, which removes variations from different spellings, <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliterations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pen_name" title="Pen name">pen names</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">aliases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unique header can guide users to all relevant information including related or <a href="/wiki/Collocation" title="Collocation">collocated</a> subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Authority records can be combined into a database and called an <b>authority file</b>, and maintaining and updating these files as well as "logical linkages"<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY877-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to other files within them is the work of librarians and other information catalogers. Accordingly, authority control is an example of <a href="/wiki/Controlled_vocabulary" title="Controlled vocabulary">controlled vocabulary</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Bibliographic_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliographic control">bibliographic control</a>. </p><p>While in theory any piece of information is amenable to authority control such as personal and corporate names, <a href="/wiki/Uniform_title" title="Uniform title">uniform titles</a>, series names, and subjects,<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> library catalogers typically focus on author names and titles of works. Traditionally, one of the most commonly used authority files globally are the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Subject_Headings" title="Library of Congress Subject Headings">subject headings from the Library of Congress</a>. More recently, links to articles and categories of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> emerged to function as an authority file due to the popularity of the encyclopedia, where each article is a notable topic or concept similar to other authority files.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As time passes, information changes, prompting needs for reorganization. According to one view, authority control is not about creating a perfect seamless system but rather it is an ongoing effort to keep up with these changes and try to bring "structure and order" to the task of helping users find information.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY312-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benefits_of_authority_control">Benefits of authority control</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Benefits of authority control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Better researching</i>. Authority control helps researchers understand a specific subject with less wasted effort.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A well-designed digital catalog/database enables a researcher to query a few words of an entry to bring up the already established term or phrase, thus improving accuracy and saving time.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY323_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY323-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Makes searching more predictable</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY909_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY909-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can be used in conjunction with keyword searching using "and" or "not" or "or" or other <a href="/wiki/Logical_connective" title="Logical connective">Boolean operators</a> on a web browser.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY877-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It increases chances that a given search will return relevant items.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY323_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY323-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Consistency of records</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Organization and structure of information</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Efficiency for catalogers</i>. The process of authority control is not only of great help to researchers searching for a particular subject to study, but it can help catalogers organize information as well. Catalogers can use authority records when trying to categorize new items, since they can see which records have already been cataloged and can therefore avoid unnecessary work.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY877-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Maximizes library resources</i>. Authority control helps ensure libraries have an accurate inventory of their materials, so that, for example, duplicate orders are not placed for an already owned resource.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Fewer errors</i>. It can help catch errors caused by typos or misspellings which can sometimes accumulate over time, sometimes known as <i>quality drift</i>. These errors can then be corrected by library staff or by automated clean-up software.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY312-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Calhoun_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diverse_names_describe_the_same_subject">Diverse names describe the same subject</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Diverse names describe the same subject"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diana,_Princess_of_Wales_1997_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg/170px-Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg/255px-Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg/340px-Diana%2C_Princess_of_Wales_1997_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Princess Diana</a> is described in one authority file as "Windsor, Diana, Princess of Wales" which is an official heading.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sometimes within a catalog, there are diverse names or spellings for only one person or subject.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY909_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY909-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This variation may cause researchers to overlook relevant information. Authority control is used by catalogers to <a href="/wiki/Collocation" title="Collocation">collocate</a> materials that logically belong together but that present themselves differently. Records are used to establish <a href="/wiki/Uniform_title" title="Uniform title">uniform titles</a> that collocate all versions of a given work under one unique heading even when such versions are issued under different titles. With authority control, one unique preferred name represents all variations and will include different variations, spellings and misspellings, uppercase versus lowercase variants, differing dates, and so forth. For example, in Wikipedia, the first wife of <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> is described by an article <a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Diana, Princess of Wales</a> as well as numerous other descriptors, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Princess_Diana" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Diana">Princess Diana</a>, but both <i>Princess Diana</i> and <i>Diana, Princess of Wales</i> describe the same person so they all redirect to the same main article; in general, all authority records choose one title as the preferred one for consistency. In an online library catalog, various entries might look like the following:<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovY111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Diana. (1)</li> <li>Diana, Princess of Wales. (1)</li> <li>Diana, Princess of Wales, 1961–1997. (13)</li> <li>Diana, Princess of Wales 1961–1997. (1)</li> <li>Diana, Princess of Wales, 1961–1997. (2)</li> <li>DIANA, PRINCESS OF WALES, 1961–1997. (1)</li></ol> <p>These terms describe the same person. Accordingly, authority control reduces these entries to one unique entry or officially authorized heading, sometimes termed an <i>access point</i>: Diana, Princess of Wales, 1961–1997.<sup id="cite_ref-VIAF_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VIAF-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="clear: right"> <tbody><tr> <th>Authority file </th> <th>Heading / ID </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a></span> </td> <td>VIAF ID: 107032638 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Diana, Princess of Wales</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> </td> <td>Wikidata identifier: <a class="external text" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9685">Q9685</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File">Integrated Authority File</a> (GND) </td> <td>GND ID: 118525123 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">U.S. Library of Congress</a> </td> <td>Diana, Princess of Wales, 1961–1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a> Identities </td> <td>Diana Princess of Wales 1961–1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Spain">Biblioteca Nacional de España</a> </td> <td>Windsor, Diana, Princess of Wales </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/KANTO_%E2%80%93_National_Agent_Data" class="mw-redirect" title="KANTO – National Agent Data">KANTO – National Agent Data</a> (Finland) </td> <td>Diana, Walesin prinsessa / KANTO ID: 000104109 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Getty Union List of Artist Names </td> <td>Diana, Princess of Wales English noble and patron, 1961–1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Netherlands">National Library of the Netherlands</a></span> </td> <td>Diana, prinses van Wales, 1961–1997<sup id="cite_ref-VIAF_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VIAF-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Generally, there are different authority file headings and identifiers used by different libraries in different countries, possibly inviting confusion, but there are different approaches internationally to try to lessen the confusion. One international effort to prevent such confusion is the <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">Virtual International Authority File</a> which is a collaborative attempt to provide a single heading for a particular subject. It is a way to standardize information from different authority files around the world such as the <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File">Integrated Authority File</a> (GND) maintained and used cooperatively by many libraries in German-speaking countries and the United States <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. The idea is to create a single worldwide virtual authority file. For example, the ID for <a href="/wiki/Princess_Diana" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Diana">Princess Diana</a> in the GND is <i>118525123</i> (preferred name: <i>Diana < Wales, Prinzessin></i>) while the United States Library of Congress uses the term <i>Diana, Princess of Wales, 1961–1997</i>; other authority files have other choices. The Virtual International Authority File choice for all of these variations is <i>VIAF ID: 107032638</i> — that is, a common number representing all of these variations.<sup id="cite_ref-VIAF_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VIAF-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English Wikipedia prefers the term "Diana, Princess of Wales", but at the bottom of the article about her, there are links to various international cataloging efforts for reference purposes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Same_name_describes_two_different_subjects">Same name describes two different subjects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Same name describes two different subjects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sometimes two different authors have been published under the same name.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This can happen if there is a title which is identical to another title or to a collective uniform title.<sup id="cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This, too, can cause confusion. Different authors can be distinguished correctly from each other by, for example, adding a middle initial to one of the names; in addition, other information can be added to one entry to clarify the subject, such as birth year, death year, range of active years such as 1918–1965 when the person <a href="/wiki/Floruit" title="Floruit">flourished</a>, or a brief descriptive epithet. When catalogers come across different subjects with similar or identical headings, they can <a href="/wiki/Word-sense_disambiguation" title="Word-sense disambiguation">disambiguate</a> them using authority control. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authority_records_and_files">Authority records and files</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Authority records and files"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A customary way of enforcing authority control in a bibliographic catalog is to set up a separate index of authority records, which relates to and governs the headings used in the main catalog. This separate index is often referred to as an "authority file". It contains an indexable record of all decisions made by catalogers in a given library (or—as is increasingly the case—cataloging consortium), which catalogers consult when making, or revising, decisions about headings. As a result, the records contain documentation about sources used to establish a particular preferred heading, and may contain information discovered while researching the heading which may be useful.<sup id="cite_ref-Calhoun_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While authority files provide information about a particular subject, their primary function is not to provide information but to organize it.<sup id="cite_ref-Calhoun_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They contain enough information to establish that a given author or title is unique, but that is all; irrelevant but interesting information is generally excluded. Although practices vary internationally, authority records in the English-speaking world generally contain the following information: </p> <ul><li><i>Headings</i> show the preferred title chosen as the official and authorized version. It is important that the heading be unique; if there is a conflict with an identical heading, then one of the two will have to be chosen:</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Since the headings function as access points, making sure that they are distinct and not in conflict with existing entries is important. For example, the English novelist William Collins (1824–89), whose works include the Moonstone and The Woman in White is better known as Wilkie Collins. Cataloguers have to decide which name the public would most likely look under, and whether to use a see also reference to link alternative forms of an individual's name.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Mason, M.K., Purpose of authority work and files, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.moyak.com/papers/libraries-bibliographic-control.html">http://www.moyak.com/papers/libraries-bibliographic-control.html</a></cite></div></blockquote> <ul><li><i>Cross references</i> are other forms of the name or title that might appear in the catalog and include:</li></ul> <ol><li><i>see</i> references are forms of the name or title that describe the subject but which have been passed over or <i>deprecated</i> in favor of the authorized heading form</li> <li><i>see also</i> references point to other forms of the name or title that are also authorized. These <i>see also</i> references generally point to earlier or later forms of a name or title.</li></ol> <ul><li><i>Statement(s) of justification</i> is a brief account made by the cataloger about particular information sources used to determine both authorized and deprecated forms. Sometimes this means citing the title and publication date of the source, the location of the name or title on that source, and the form in which it appears on that source.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_example_of_an_authority_record.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/An_example_of_an_authority_record.png/300px-An_example_of_an_authority_record.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/An_example_of_an_authority_record.png/450px-An_example_of_an_authority_record.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/An_example_of_an_authority_record.png/600px-An_example_of_an_authority_record.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>For example, the Irish writer <a href="/wiki/Brian_O%27Nolan" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian O'Nolan">Brian O'Nolan</a>, who lived from 1911 to 1966, wrote under many <a href="/wiki/Pen_name" title="Pen name">pen names</a> such as Flann O'Brien and Myles na Gopaleen. Catalogers at the United States Library of Congress chose one form—"O'Brien, Flann, 1911–1966"—as the official heading.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The example contains all three elements of a valid authority record: the first heading <i>O'Brien, Flann, 1911–1966</i> is the form of the name that the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> chose as authoritative. In theory, every record in the catalog that represents a work by this author should have this form of the name as its author heading. What follows immediately below the heading beginning with <i>Na Gopaleen, Myles, 1911–1966</i> are the <i>see</i> references. These forms of the author's name will appear in the catalog, but only as transcriptions and not as headings. If a user queries the catalog under one of these variant forms of the author's name, he or she would receive the response: "See O'Brien, Flann, 1911–1966." There is an additional spelling variant of the Gopaleen name: "Na gCopaleen, Myles, 1911–1966" has an extra <i>C</i> inserted because the author also employed the non-anglicized Irish spelling of his pen-name, in which the capitalized <i>C</i> shows the correct root word while the preceding <i>g</i> indicates its pronunciation in context. So if a library user comes across this spelling variant, he or she will be led to the same author regardless. <i>See also</i> references, which point from one authorized heading to another authorized heading, are exceedingly rare for personal name authority records, although they often appear in name authority records for corporate bodies. The final four entries in this record beginning with <i>His At Swim-Two-Birds ... 1939.</i> constitute the justification for this particular form of the name: it appeared in this form on the 1939 edition of the author's novel <i>At Swim-Two-Birds</i>, whereas the author's other <i>noms de plume</i> appeared on later publications. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sample_Catalog_Record.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sample_Catalog_Record.png/220px-Sample_Catalog_Record.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sample_Catalog_Record.png/330px-Sample_Catalog_Record.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sample_Catalog_Record.png/440px-Sample_Catalog_Record.png 2x" data-file-width="559" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>Card catalog records such as this one used to be physical cards contained in long rectangular drawers in a library; today, generally, this information is stored in online databases.<sup id="cite_ref-Calhoun_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png/220px-Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png/330px-Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png/440px-Sample_Name_Authority_Record.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption>Authority control with "Kesey, Ken" as the chosen heading.<sup id="cite_ref-Calhoun_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Access_control">Access control</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Access control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The act of choosing a single authorized heading to represent all forms of a name is quite often a difficult and complex task, considering that any given individual may have legally changed their name or used a variety of legal names in the course of their lifetime, as well as a variety of nicknames, pen names, stage names or other alternative names. It may be particularly difficult to choose a single authorized heading for individuals whose various names have controversial political or social connotations, when the choice of authorized heading may be seen as endorsement of the associated political or social ideology. </p><p>An alternative to using authorized headings is the idea of <i><a href="/wiki/Access_control_(library_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Access control (library science)">access control</a>,</i> where various forms of a name are related without the endorsement of one particular form.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cooperative_cataloging">Cooperative cataloging</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cooperative cataloging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the advent of digital <a href="/wiki/Online_public_access_catalog" title="Online public access catalog">online public access catalogs</a> and the Internet, individual cataloging departments within each library generally carried out creating and maintaining a library's authority files. Naturally, there was a considerable difference in the authority files of the different libraries. For the early part of library history, it was generally accepted that, as long as a library's catalog was internally consistent, the differences between catalogs in different libraries did not matter greatly. </p><p>As libraries became more attuned to the needs of researchers and began interacting more with other libraries, the value of standard cataloging practices came to be recognized. With the advent of automated database technologies, catalogers began to establish cooperative consortia, such as <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> and <a href="/wiki/RLIN" class="mw-redirect" title="RLIN">RLIN</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, in which cataloging departments from libraries all over the world contributed their records to, and took their records from, a shared database. This development prompted the need for national standards for authority work. </p><p>In the United States, the primary organization for maintaining cataloging standards with respect to authority work operates under the aegis of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/Program_for_Cooperative_Cataloging" title="Program for Cooperative Cataloging">Program for Cooperative Cataloging</a>. It is known as the <a href="/wiki/Name_Authority_Cooperative_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Name Authority Cooperative Program">Name Authority Cooperative Program</a>, or NACO Authority.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standards">Standards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Standards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are various standards using different acronyms. </p><p><b>Standards for authority metadata</b>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MARC_standards" title="MARC standards">MARC standards</a> for authority records in machine-readable format.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metadata_Authority_Description_Schema" title="Metadata Authority Description Schema">Metadata Authority Description Schema</a> (MADS), an XML schema for an authority element set that may be used to provide metadata about agents (people, organizations), events, and terms (topics, geographics, genres, etc.).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encoded_Archival_Context" title="Encoded Archival Context">Encoded Archival Context</a>, an XML schema for authority records conforming to <i>ISAAR</i>.</li></ul> <p><b>Standards for object identification, controlled by an identification-authority</b>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_personality" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal personality">Legal personality</a> identification systems (person-IDs) and authorities: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Archival_Authority_Record" title="International Standard Archival Authority Record"><i>ISAAR</i> (CPF) – International Standard Archival Authority Record</a> for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Published by the International Council on Archives<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier"><i>ISNI</i> – International Standard Name Identifier</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ORCID" title="ORCID"><i>ORCID</i> – Open Researcher and Contributor ID</a>, a subset of the <i>ISNI</i>, to uniquely identify <a href="/wiki/Academic_authorship" title="Academic authorship">scientific and other academic authors</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Author_Identification" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Author Identification"><i>DAI</i> – Digital Author Identification</a>, another subset of <i>ISNI</i>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Research_Identifier_Database" title="Global Research Identifier Database"><i>GRID</i> – Global Research Identifier Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File"><i>GND</i> – Integrated Authority File</a> (<i>Gemeinsame Normdatei</i>), authority file for personal names, corporate bodies and subject headings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KANTO_%E2%80%93_National_Agent_Data" class="mw-redirect" title="KANTO – National Agent Data">KANTO – National Agent Data</a> (<i>finaf</i>), authority file for persons and corporate bodies.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number"><i>LCCN</i> – Library of Congress Control Number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" title="National Diet Library"><i>NDL</i> – National Diet Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File"><i>VIAF</i> – Virtual International Authority File</a>, an aggregation of authority files currently focused on personal and corporate names.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldCat#Identities" title="WorldCat"><i>WorldCat/identities</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliographic_database" title="Bibliographic database">Bibliographic object</a> identification systems and authorities: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"><i>DOI</i> – Digital object identifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lex_(URN)" title="Lex (URN)">urn:lex</a>, for <a href="/wiki/Legislative_act" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative act">law-document</a> identifiers, controlled by <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">local law authorities</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN – International Standard Book Number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN"><i>ISSN</i> – International Standard Serial Number</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other identification systems (for generic <a href="/wiki/Named-entity_recognition" title="Named-entity recognition">named-entities</a>) and authorities: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GeoNames" title="GeoNames">GeoNames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getty_Thesaurus_of_Geographic_Names" title="Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names"><i>TGN</i> – Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Standards for identified-object metadata</b> (examples): <a href="/wiki/VCard" title="VCard">vCard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dublin_Core" title="Dublin Core">Dublin Core</a>, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_Organization_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Knowledge Organization Systems">Knowledge Organization Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_classification" title="Library classification">Library classification</a> systems: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Decimal_Classification" title="Dewey Decimal Classification">Dewey Decimal Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Classification" title="Library of Congress Classification">Library of Congress Classification</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)" title="Ontology (information science)">Ontology (information science)</a></li> <li>Proprietary services <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ResearcherID" title="ResearcherID">ResearcherID</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registration_authority" title="Registration authority">Registration authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Knowledge_Organization_System" title="Simple Knowledge Organization System">Simple Knowledge Organization System</a> (SKOS)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Block, R. (1999). <i>Authority control: What it is and why it matters</i>. Retrieved on 27 October 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY111-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY111_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150607071924/http://info.libraries.vermont.gov/LIBRARIES/TSU/Lesson1Authority.htm">"Why Does a Library Catalog Need Authority Control and What Is it?"</a>. <i>IMPLEMENTING AUTHORITY CONTROL</i>. Vermont Department of Libraries. 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.libraries.vermont.gov/LIBRARIES/TSU/Lesson1Authority.htm">the original</a> on 7 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMPLEMENTING+AUTHORITY+CONTROL&rft.atitle=Why+Does+a+Library+Catalog+Need+Authority+Control+and+What+Is+it%3F&rft.date=2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.libraries.vermont.gov%2FLIBRARIES%2FTSU%2FLesson1Authority.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span>, then ... please [feel free to] see the next footnote, which links to a web page <i>having the exact same title</i> that <b>does</b> still exist (at a slightly different <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a>).Pages across the work refer in their text to 2003 as the most recent year, as no other date is specified.--></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ALT-for-dead-link-footnote_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImplementing_Authority_Control_Workshop.2016" class="citation web cs1">Implementing Authority Control Workshop. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161118190310/http://libraries.vermont.gov/tsu/authorities1">"Why Does a Library Catalog Need Authority Control and What Is it?"</a>. Vermont Department of Libraries. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libraries.vermont.gov/tsu/authorities1">the original</a> on 18 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Does+a+Library+Catalog+Need+Authority+Control+and+What+Is+it%3F&rft.pub=Vermont+Department+of+Libraries&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Implementing+Authority+Control+Workshop.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibraries.vermont.gov%2Ftsu%2Fauthorities1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2G113-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tws2G113_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=auctor&searchmode=none">"auctor"</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. Douglas Harper. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2013</span>. <q><b>author (<a href="/wiki/Noun" title="Noun">n</a>)</b> <i>—</i> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1300, <i>autor</i> "father," from <a href="/wiki/Old_French" title="Old French">O.Fr.</a> <i>auctor, acteor</i> "author, originator, creator, instigator (12c., <a href="/wiki/Modern_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern French">Mod.Fr.</a> <i>auteur</i>), from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">L.</a> <i>auctorem</i> (<a href="/wiki/Nominative_case" title="Nominative case">nom.</a> <i>auctor</i>) <i>... –</i><br /><b>authority (n.)</b> <i>—</i> early 13c., <i>autorite</i> "book or quotation that settles an argument," from <abbr title="Old French">O.Fr.</abbr> <i>auctorité</i> "authority, prestige, right, permission, dignity, gravity; the Scriptures" (<abbr title="12th century">12c.</abbr>; <abbr title="Modern French">Mod.Fr.</abbr> <i>autorité</i>), <i>...</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=auctor&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fallowed_in_frame%3D0%26search%3Dauctor%26searchmode%3Dnone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span> <b>Note:</b> root words for both <i>author</i> and <i>authority</i> are words such as <i>auctor</i> or <i>autor</i> and <i>autorite</i> from the 13th century.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2G114-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tws2G114_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190930095630/http://www.memidex.com/authority+control">"authority (control)"</a>. <i>Memidex</i>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memidex.com/authority+control">the original</a> on 30 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2022</span>. <q>Etymology ... autorite "book or quotation that settles an argument", from Old French auctorité...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Memidex&rft.atitle=authority+%28control%29&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memidex.com%2Fauthority%2Bcontrol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2G115-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tws2G115_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerriam-Webster_Dictionary.2012" class="citation news cs1">Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/authority?show=0&t=1354895338">"authority"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2012</span>. <q>See "Origin of authority" – Middle English auctorite, from Anglo-French auctorité, from Latin auctoritat-, auctoritas opinion, decision, power, from auctor First Known Use: 13th century...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=authority&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Merriam-Webster+Dictionary.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fauthority%3Fshow%3D0%26t%3D1354895338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY333-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY333_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY333_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604000413/http://lib.nmsu.edu/depts/techsvs/authoritycontrol.shtml">"Authority Control at the NMSU Library"</a>. United States: New Mexico State University. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.nmsu.edu/depts/techsvs/authoritycontrol.shtml">the original</a> on 4 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Authority+Control+at+the+NMSU+Library&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=New+Mexico+State+University&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flib.nmsu.edu%2Fdepts%2Ftechsvs%2Fauthoritycontrol.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY112-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY112_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220228012132/https://www.lisbdnetwork.com/authority-control-in-opac/">"Authority Control in OPAC"</a>. <i>LIS BD Network</i>. 27 October 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lisbdnetwork.com/authority-control-in-opac/">the original</a> on 28 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LIS+BD+Network&rft.atitle=Authority+Control+in+OPAC&rft.date=2018-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lisbdnetwork.com%2Fauthority-control-in-opac%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY312-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY312_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWellsn.d." class="citation news cs1">Wells, K. (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113095549/http://www.tnla.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=44">"Got authorities? Why authority control is good for your library"</a>. Tennessee Libraries. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnla.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=44">the original</a> on 13 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Got+authorities%3F+Why+authority+control+is+good+for+your+library&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnla.org%2Fdisplaycommon.cfm%3Fan%3D1%26subarticlenbr%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovYfuf-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovYfuf_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Library_of_Australia.n.d." class="citation news cs1">National Library of Australia. (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113135458/http://www.nla.gov.au/policy-and-planning/authority-control">"Collection description policy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nla.gov.au/policy-and-planning/authority-control">the original</a> on 13 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2020</span>. <q>The primary purpose of authority control is to assist the catalogue user in locating items of interest.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Collection+description+policy&rft.au=National+Library+of+Australia.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nla.gov.au%2Fpolicy-and-planning%2Fauthority-control&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY877-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY877_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215130251/http://www.authoritycontrol.com/book/export/html/4">"Authority Control at LTI"</a>. LTI. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.authoritycontrol.com/book/export/html/4">the original</a> on 15 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Authority+Control+at+LTI&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.authoritycontrol.com%2Fbook%2Fexport%2Fhtml%2F4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY323-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY323_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY323_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNCSU_Libraries.2012" class="citation news cs1">NCSU Libraries. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113100248/https://staff.lib.ncsu.edu/confluence/display/MNC/brief+guidelines+on+authority+control+decision-making">"Brief guidelines on authority control decision-making"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://staff.lib.ncsu.edu/confluence/display/MNC/brief+guidelines+on+authority+control+decision-making">the original</a> on 13 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Brief+guidelines+on+authority+control+decision-making&rft.date=2012&rft.au=NCSU+Libraries.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstaff.lib.ncsu.edu%2Fconfluence%2Fdisplay%2FMNC%2Fbrief%2Bguidelines%2Bon%2Bauthority%2Bcontrol%2Bdecision-making&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tws2NovY909-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY909_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tws2NovY909_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_Libraries2012" class="citation news cs1">University Libraries (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/staff/training/training_docs/authority_control_unicorn.shtml">"Authority Control in Unicorn WorkFlows August 2001"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2020</span>. <q>Why Authority Control?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Authority+Control+in+Unicorn+WorkFlows+August+2001&rft.date=2012&rft.au=University+Libraries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libraries.rutgers.edu%2Frul%2Fstaff%2Ftraining%2Ftraining_docs%2Fauthority_control_unicorn.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurger1985" class="citation book cs1">Burger, R.H. (1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/authorityworkcre00burg"><i>Authority work: The creation, use, maintenance, and evaluation of authority records and files</i></a></span>. Libraries Unlimited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780872874916" title="Special:BookSources/9780872874916"><bdi>9780872874916</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Authority+work%3A+The+creation%2C+use%2C+maintenance%2C+and+evaluation+of+authority+records+and+files.&rft.pub=Libraries+Unlimited&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=9780872874916&rft.aulast=Burger&rft.aufirst=R.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fauthorityworkcre00burg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClack,_D.H.1990" class="citation book cs1">Clack, D.H. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=orhBAAAACAAJ"><i>Authority Control: Principles, Applications, and Instructions</i></a>. UMI Books on Demand. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780608014432" title="Special:BookSources/9780608014432"><bdi>9780608014432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Authority+Control%3A+Principles%2C+Applications%2C+and+Instructions&rft.pub=UMI+Books+on+Demand&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780608014432&rft.au=Clack%2C+D.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DorhBAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwell2002" class="citation book cs1">Maxwell, R.L. (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maxwellsguidetoa00maxw_0"><i>Maxwell's guide to authority work</i></a></span>. Garfield Library Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838908228" title="Special:BookSources/9780838908228"><bdi>9780838908228</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maxwell%27s+guide+to+authority+work&rft.pub=Garfield+Library+Association&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780838908228&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=R.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmaxwellsguidetoa00maxw_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calhoun-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calhoun_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calhoun_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calhoun_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calhoun_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calhoun_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalhoun1998" class="citation conference cs1">Calhoun, Karen (22–23 June 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/informatics/taf/proceedings/Calhoun.html">"A Bird's Eye View of Authority Control in Cataloging"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Taxonomic Authority Files Workshop</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/informatics/taf/index.html">Workshop on the Compilation, Maintenance, and Dissemination of Taxonomic Authority Files (TAF): a comparison of authority control in the library science and biodiversity information management communities</a>. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/California_Academy_of_Sciences" title="California Academy of Sciences">California Academy of Sciences</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=A+Bird%27s+Eye+View+of+Authority+Control+in+Cataloging&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Taxonomic+Authority+Files+Workshop&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=California+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.date=1998-06-22%2F1998-06-23&rft.aulast=Calhoun&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearcharchive.calacademy.org%2Fresearch%2Finformatics%2Ftaf%2Fproceedings%2FCalhoun.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VIAF-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VIAF_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VIAF_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VIAF_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://viaf.org/viaf/107032638/" class="extiw" title="viaf:107032638/">Virtual International Authority File</a>. Records for Princess Diana, Retrieved on 12 March 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note: this is the article title as of March 12, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://authorities.loc.gov/">"Authorities files"</a>. <i>Library of Congress</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Authorities+files&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauthorities.loc.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span>; the original record has been abbreviated for clarity.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barnhart, L. (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/1/OCC/2003/06/20/0000003520/viewer/file81.html"><i>Access Control Records: Prospects and Challenges</i></a>, Authority Control in the 21st Century: An Invitational Conference. Retrieved on 28 January 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress" class="citation web cs1">Library of Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/">"Program for Cooperative Cataloging"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICArchives+%3A+Page+d%27accueil+%3A+Accueil&rft.pub=Ica.org&rft.au=International+Council+on+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ica.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAuthority+control" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&oldid=1255994768">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Authority_control&oldid=1255994768</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Library_cataloging_and_classification" title="Category:Library cataloging and classification">Library cataloging and classification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Library_science_terminology" title="Category:Library science terminology">Library science terminology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2022">Use dmy dates from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2023</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 November 2024, at 17:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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