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<li id="toc-Legislative_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Legislative history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Judicial history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinic_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinic_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Clinic history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clinic_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Municipal_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipal_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Municipal actions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipal_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Polling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abortion_rights_views_and_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion_rights_views_and_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Abortion rights views and activities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Abortion_rights_views_and_activities-sublist" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p> <b>Abortion in Tennessee</b> is illegal from fertilization except to "prevent the death of the pregnant woman or to prevent serious risk of substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function of the pregnant woman".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tennessee is one of four states which have no right to abortion in their state constitution; alongside <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Alabama" title="Abortion in Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Louisiana" title="Abortion in Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_West_Virginia" title="Abortion in West Virginia">West Virginia</a>. </p><p>The ban took effect on August 25, 2022, thirty days after the Tennessee Attorney General notified the Tennessee Code Commission that <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> was overturned on June 24, 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <i><a href="/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization" title="Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization">Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization</a></i> decision, it became the only state with no direct exception in case of risk to the pregnant individual's life; rather, there was an <a href="/wiki/Affirmative_defense" title="Affirmative defense">affirmative defense</a> included in the ban, meaning that someone who performed an abortion could be charged with a felony, but only had an opportunity to prove that the procedure was necessary — either to prevent the patient from dying or to prevent serious risk of what the law calls "substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The number of <a href="/wiki/Abortion_clinic" title="Abortion clinic">abortion clinics</a> in Tennessee decreased over the years, with 128 in 1982, 33 in 1992, and 7 in 2014. There were 12,373 legal <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortions</a> in 2014, and 11,411 in 2015. </p><p>The 2023 American Values Atlas reported that, in their most recent survey, 53% of people from Tennessee said that abortion should be legal in all or most cases.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_history">Legislative history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legislative history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The state was one of 10 states in 2007 to have a customary informed consent provision for abortions.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, state <a href="/wiki/Targeted_Regulation_of_Abortion_Providers" class="mw-redirect" title="Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers">Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers</a> (TRAP) had provisions related to admitting privileges and licensing. They required clinics have hospital privileges and transfer agreement with a hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015 Tennessee established a required 48 hour waiting period before obtaining an abortion.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The state legislature was one of eight states nationwide that tried, and failed, to pass a bill to ban early abortion in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They tried again in 2018, where they were one of ten states that tried and failed to pass a fetal heartbeat bill.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two fetal heartbeat bills were filed in the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_General_Assembly" title="Tennessee General Assembly">Tennessee General Assembly</a> in 2019. On January 23, 2019, Rep. <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Huss" title="James Van Huss">James "Micah" Van Huss</a> filed HB 77 in the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives" title="Tennessee House of Representatives">Tennessee House of Representatives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 7, 2019, Sen. <a href="/wiki/Mark_Pody" title="Mark Pody">Mark Pody</a> filed SB 1236 in the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">Tennessee Senate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 20, 2019, HB 77 was passed out of a Public Health subcommittee and sent to the full committee.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 26, 2019, the House Public Health Committee voted 15–4 to send HB 77 to the House floor for a full vote.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 7, 2019, HB 77 was passed out of the Tennessee House by a vote of 66–21.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of May 14, 2019, the state prohibited abortions after the fetus was viable, generally at some point between weeks 24 and 28. This period uses a standard defined by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">US Supreme Court</a> in 1973 with the <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> ruling and was not a result of state-based legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020 Tennessee banned abortions because of a prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome or because of the gender or race of the fetus.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the trigger law prohibiting abortion from the point of fertilization which was adopted on April 22, 2019, abortion became illegal from the point of conception in Tennessee on July 25, 2022, 30 days after the overturning of <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_history">Judicial history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Judicial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">US Supreme Court</a>'s decision in 1973's <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> ruling meant the state could no longer regulate abortion in the first trimester.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (However, the Supreme Court overturned <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> in <i><a href="/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization" title="Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization">Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization</a></i>, No. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/597/19-1392/">19-1392</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_597" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 597">597</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> ___ (2022) later in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_decision_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn_decision-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scotusblog_decision_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotusblog_decision-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p><p> Tennessee's heartbeat bill and the Texas-style abortion ban have been in court due to pro-abortion rights organizations suing the state of Tennessee.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png/220px-Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png/330px-Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png/440px-Number_of_abortion_clinics_in_Tennessee_by_year.png 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="342" /></a><figcaption>Number of abortion clinics in Tennessee by year</figcaption></figure> <p>On September 12, 2023, <a href="/wiki/Blackmon_v._State_of_Tennessee" title="Blackmon v. State of Tennessee">three women filed a lawsuit</a> against the state of Tennessee over the state's abortion ban, stating that they were denied abortions despite having dangerous pregnancy complications.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 8, 2024, four additional women and two doctors joined the lawsuit.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2024, a Tennessee court blocked enforcement of the abortion ban in certain emergencies, ruling that the medical emergency exception in Tennessee's abortion ban was unclear and violated a pregnant individual's right to life under the Tennessee state constitution. The preliminary order said that abortion must be allowed if a pregnant patient's water breaks too early, the cervix dilates before the fetus is viable, or if a fetus has a fatal diagnosis that threatens the pregnant patient's health. It barred the state from disciplining doctors who performed abortions under those circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clinic_history">Clinic history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Clinic history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Abortion_clinic" title="Abortion clinic">Abortion clinic</a></div><p>Between 1982 and 1992, the number of abortion clinics in the state declined by 47, going from 128 in 1982 to 33 in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, there were seven abortion clinics in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, 96% of the counties in the state did not have an abortion clinic. That year, 63% of women in the state aged 15–44 lived in a county without an abortion clinic.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, there were four <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a> clinics, all of which offered abortion services, in a state with a population of 1,519,130 women aged 15–49.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipal_actions">Municipal actions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Municipal actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 13, 2022, the Memphis City council passed the Reproductive Autonomy is Necessary (RAIN) Act in an effort to lessen the extent to which statewide policy will affect childbearing women in Memphis.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polling">Polling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Polling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2014 poll by the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, 55% of adults in Tennessee said that abortion should be illegal in all or most cases and 40% said it should be legal.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2022, support for legal abortion in the state had greatly increased. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tennessean's views on the legality of abortion by political affiliation (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Political affiliation </th> <th>Legal in all cases </th> <th>Legal only in special cases<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Illegal in all cases </th></tr> <tr> <td>Democratic </td> <td>70% </td> <td>22% </td> <td>6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Republican </td> <td>8% </td> <td>54% </td> <td>33% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Independent </td> <td>38% </td> <td>46% </td> <td>12% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td><b>36%</b> </td> <td><b>44%</b> </td> <td><b>17%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abortion_rights_views_and_activities">Abortion rights views and activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Abortion rights views and activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis,_TN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png/220px-Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png/330px-Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png/440px-Abortion_rights_protestors_in_Memphis%2C_TN.png 2x" data-file-width="1310" data-file-height="1002" /></a><figcaption>A pro-choice protest in Memphis, shortly after the leaked Supreme Court opinion to overturn <i>Roe v. Wade</i></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests">Protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Women from the state participated in marches supporting abortion rights as part of a #StoptheBans movement in May 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Memphis and Nashville, groups of people gathered to protest the abortion ban that would take place after the leaked draft opinion overturning <i>Roe v. Wade</i>. Many women shared their abortion stories at the protest.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>, hundreds gathered at the Legislative Plaza on June 24, 2022, following the overturn of Roe v. Wade. Protesters also gathered in <a href="/wiki/Knoxville" class="mw-redirect" title="Knoxville">Knoxville</a>, along Poplar Avenue in <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a>, as well as Founder's Park in <a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Tennessee" title="Johnson City, Tennessee">Johnson City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 26, 2022, an abortion rights protester began walking across the entire state of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, a 538-mile walk, to protest the state Supreme Court's decision to overturn abortion rights.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Allie Phillips ran for a Tennessee House seat in District 75 following being forced to leave the state to get an abortion in New York for a non-viable pregnancy.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anti-abortion_views_and_activities">Anti-abortion views and activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Anti-abortion views and activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg/220px-Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg/330px-Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg/440px-Knoxville-march-for-life-2013-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2347" data-file-height="1935" /></a><figcaption>Participants and their children in the March for Life walk along Concord Avenue in <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a>, United States. The march is held annually to mark the anniversary (January 22) of the U.S. Supreme Court decision, <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>. The signs, designed to resemble <a href="/wiki/Stop_sign" title="Stop sign">stop signs</a>, read, "Stop abortion now".</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests_2">Protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, thousands of people attended the <a href="/wiki/March_for_Life" title="March for Life">March for Life</a> in Knoxville supporting abortion bans and restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Violence">Violence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Violence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 23, 2021, a man fired a shotgun at a <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a> <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a> clinic; no one was injured. News outlets noted that the attack took place on the anniversary of the <i>Roe v. Wade</i> decision and at a time when <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Tennessee's governor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Lee_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Bill Lee (Tennessee politician)">Bill Lee</a>, was involved in a heated online debate regarding abortion and health care. The same man later attacked the clinic in December.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 31, 2021, <a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">New Year's Eve</a>, a fire destroyed a Planned Parenthood in <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a>. The building was closed at the time for renovations. The Knoxville Fire Department and <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco,_Firearms,_and_Explosives" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives">Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives</a> ruled the fire arson. The clinic had previously been shot at in January of the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, federal court documents identified the arsonist as Mark Thomas Reno, who previously attacked the clinic in January and was present at the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 Capitol attack</a>. Reno died on August 15, 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 2, 2022, a <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> federal judge issued a restraining order against anti-abortion group <a href="/wiki/Operation_Save_America" title="Operation Save America">Operation Save America</a> after several of their members were arrested during protests at clinics in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mt._Juliet,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Mt. Juliet, Tennessee">Mt. Juliet</a> in late July.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the period between 1972 and 1974, there were zero recorded illegal abortion death in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1990, 554,000 women in the state faced the risk of an unintended pregnancy.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the state had no publicly funded abortions.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, among white women aged 15–19, there were 690 abortions, 650 abortions for black women aged 15–19, 50 abortions for Hispanic women aged 15–19, and 20 abortions for women of all other races.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the state had an infant mortality rate of 7.4 deaths per 1,000 live births.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Number of reported abortions, abortion rate and percentage change in rate by geographic region and state in 1992, 1995 and 1996<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Census division and state</th> <th colspan="3">Number</th> <th colspan="3">Rate</th> <th rowspan="2">% change<br />1992–1996 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>1992</b></td> <td><b>1995</b></td> <td><b>1996</b></td> <td><b>1992</b></td> <td><b>1995</b></td> <td><b>1996</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>1,528,930</td> <td>1,363,690</td> <td>1,365,730</td> <td>25.9</td> <td>22.9</td> <td>22.9</td> <td>–12 </td></tr> <tr> <td>East South Central</td> <td>54,060</td> <td>44,010</td> <td>46,100</td> <td>14.9</td> <td>12</td> <td>12.5</td> <td>–17 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Alabama</td> <td>17,450</td> <td>14,580</td> <td>15,150</td> <td>18.2</td> <td>15</td> <td>15.6</td> <td>–15 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kentucky</td> <td>10,000</td> <td>7,770</td> <td>8,470</td> <td>11.4</td> <td>8.8</td> <td>9.6</td> <td>–16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mississippi</td> <td>7,550</td> <td>3,420</td> <td>4,490</td> <td>12.4</td> <td>5.5</td> <td>7.2</td> <td>–42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tennessee</td> <td>19,060</td> <td>18,240</td> <td>17,990</td> <td>16.2</td> <td>15.2</td> <td>14.8</td> <td>–8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Number, rate, and ratio of reported abortions, by reporting area of residence and occurrence and by percentage of abortions obtained by out-of-state residents, US CDC estimates </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Location</th> <th colspan="3">Residence</th> <th colspan="3">Occurrence</th> <th rowspan="2">% obtained by<br />out-of-state<br />residents </th> <th rowspan="2">Year</th> <th rowspan="2">Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td>No.</td> <td>Rate^</td> <td>Ratio^^</td> <td>No.</td> <td>Rate^</td> <td>Ratio^^ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tennessee</td> <td>10,987</td> <td>8.5</td> <td>135</td> <td>12,373</td> <td>9.5</td> <td>152</td> <td>21.3</td> <td>2014</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tennessee</td> <td>10,361</td> <td>8</td> <td>127</td> <td>11,411</td> <td>8.8</td> <td>140</td> <td>20.3</td> <td>2015</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tennessee </td> <td>10,523 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>130 </td> <td>11,235 </td> <td>8.6 </td> <td>139 </td> <td>18.6 </td> <td>2016 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10">^number of abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44; ^^number of abortions per 1,000 live births </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to Pew Research Center, in Tennessee, adults aged 30–49 are the age demographic that has the highest percentage of people thinking abortion should be legal in most cases (35%).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Lozier Institute, in 2019, 55% of Tennessee's abortions were at 8 weeks gestation or earlier, 23% were performed at between 9 and 10 weeks, 6% at 13 to 14 weeks, and 2% between 17 and 20 weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-Lozier_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lozier-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 26 cases of failed abortions with no complications, 17 with delayed or excessive hemorrhage, 15 with delayed or excessive hemorrhage after a failed abortion, and 17 cases that had unspecified complications.<sup id="cite_ref-Lozier_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lozier-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criminal_prosecutions_of_abortion">Criminal prosecutions of abortion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Criminal prosecutions of abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 31-year-old Tennessean was charged with attempted first-degree murder in December 2015. The charge was based on an attempt to give herself an illegal abortion using a coat hanger.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">When the pregnancy was caused by rape, incest, or in cases where the mother's life is in danger.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abortion_in_Tennessee&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTennessee_General_Assembly" class="citation web cs1">Tennessee General Assembly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240110065804/https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default.aspx?BillNumber=HB0883&GA=113">"HB0883"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Abortion+Bans%3A+8+States+Have+Passed+Bills+to+Limit+the+Procedure+This+Year&rft.date=2019-05-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Lai&rft.aufirst=K.+K.+Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2019%2Fus%2Fabortion-laws-states.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legiscan.com/TN/bill/HB0077/2019">"TN HB0077 | 2019–2020 | 111th General Assembly"</a>. <i>legiscan.com</i>. Legi Scan<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Summary: As introduced, prohibits abortions from the point a fetal heartbeat is detected</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legiscan.com&rft.atitle=TN+HB0077+%26%23124%3B+2019%E2%80%932020+%26%23124%3B+111th+General+Assembly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegiscan.com%2FTN%2Fbill%2FHB0077%2F2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legiscan.com/TN/bill/SB1236/2019">"TN SB1236 | 2019–2020 | 111th General Assembly"</a>. <i>legiscan.com</i>. Legi Scna<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Summary: As introduced, prohibits abortions from the point a fetal heartbeat is detected</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legiscan.com&rft.atitle=TN+SB1236+%26%23124%3B+2019%E2%80%932020+%26%23124%3B+111th+General+Assembly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegiscan.com%2FTN%2Fbill%2FSB1236%2F2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWadhwani2019" class="citation news cs1">Wadhwani, Anita (February 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/2019/02/20/heartbeat-abortion-ban-advances-tennessee-legislature/2926802002/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Heartbeat' abortion ban advances in Tennessee legislature"</a>. Tennessean. USA Today Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2019</span>. <q>A bill that would outlaw abortions in Tennessee after a fetal heartbeat can be detected advanced out of a legislative subcommittee on Wednesday. The measure, proposed by state Rep. Micah Van Huss, R-Jonesborough, and state Sen. Mark Pody, R-Lebanon, would make it a crime to perform an abortion in Tennessee once a fetal heartbeat can be detected — which typically occurs in the early weeks of a woman's pregnancy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Heartbeat%27+abortion+ban+advances+in+Tennessee+legislature&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft.aulast=Wadhwani&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tennessean.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2019%2F02%2F20%2Fheartbeat-abortion-ban-advances-tennessee-legislature%2F2926802002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKruesi2019" class="citation news cs1">Kruesi, Kimberlee (February 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190227122320/https://www.wate.com/news/tennessee/tennessee-advances-fetal-heartbeat-bill/1811844041">"Abortion: Tennessee lawmakers advance fetal heartbeat bill"</a>. ABC 6. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wate.com/news/tennessee/tennessee-advances-fetal-heartbeat-bill/1811844041">the original</a> on February 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Republicans on the House Health Committee voted 15-4 to send the legislation to the House floor for a full vote</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Abortion%3A+Tennessee+lawmakers+advance+fetal+heartbeat+bill&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.aulast=Kruesi&rft.aufirst=Kimberlee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wate.com%2Fnews%2Ftennessee%2Ftennessee-advances-fetal-heartbeat-bill%2F1811844041&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWadhwani2019" class="citation news cs1">Wadhwani, Anita (February 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/2019/02/26/tennessee-fetal-heartbeat-abortion-bill-sails-through-committee-vote-likely/2990399002/">"Bill that bans abortions in Tennessee after fetal heartbeat sails through House committee"</a>. Tennessean. USA Today Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2019</span>. <q>A House committee voted 15-4 in favor of a bill that would ban most abortions in Tennessee, getting one step closer to a vote by the legislature on one of the most restrictive abortion bans in the nation. The so-called "fetal heartbeat" bill is making its way through Senate committees but easily passed early hurdles. Tuesday's vote in the health committee means the bill moves on to a vote by the House of Representatives.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bill+that+bans+abortions+in+Tennessee+after+fetal+heartbeat+sails+through+House+committee&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.aulast=Wadhwani&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tennessean.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2019%2F02%2F26%2Ftennessee-fetal-heartbeat-abortion-bill-sails-through-committee-vote-likely%2F2990399002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuels2019" class="citation news cs1">Samuels, Brett (March 8, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/433039-tennessee-state-house-passes-bill-banning-abortions-after-fetal-heartbeat">"Tennessee state House passes 'fetal heartbeat' abortion ban"</a>. <i>The Hill</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2019</span>. <q>The Tennessee House of Representatives passed a bill on Thursday that would outlaw abortions in the state after a fetus has a detectable heartbeat. . . 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So she's now running for office"</a>. <i>NPR</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Tennessee+law+denied+Allie+Phillips+an+abortion.+So+she%27s+now+running+for+office&rft.date=2024-02-05&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=Katia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F02%2F05%2F1228326177%2Fabortion-allie-phillips-tennessee-reproductive-rights-pregnancy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wbir.com/article/news/politics/knoxville-march-for-life-draws-hundreds-of-pro-life-supporters/51-0455806b-a9c9-4082-9257-d8c2179e44bd">"Hundreds protest abortion in Knoxville March for Life"</a>. <i>wbir.com</i>. January 26, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wbir.com&rft.atitle=Hundreds+protest+abortion+in+Knoxville+March+for+Life&rft.date=2020-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbir.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fknoxville-march-for-life-draws-hundreds-of-pro-life-supporters%2F51-0455806b-a9c9-4082-9257-d8c2179e44bd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbortion+in+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarah Riley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knoxnews.com/story/news/crime/2021/01/22/knoxville-planned-parenthood-closed-after-person-fires-shotgun-door/6677057002/">Planned Parenthood closed after someone fires shotgun at clinic doors</a>, <i>Knox News</i> (January 22, 2021).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyette2022" class="citation web cs1">Boyette, Chris (January 6, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/06/us/tennessee-fire-planned-parenthood-new-years-eve/index.html">"New Year's Eve fire at Planned Parenthood facility in Tennessee was arson, officials say"</a>. 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Abortion_by_US_state" title="Template talk:Abortion by US state"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion_by_US_state" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Abortion by US state"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Abortion_in_the_United_States_by_state173" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion in the United States</a> by state</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Alabama" title="Abortion in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Alaska" title="Abortion in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Arizona" title="Abortion in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Arkansas" title="Abortion in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_California" title="Abortion in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Colorado" title="Abortion in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Connecticut" title="Abortion in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Delaware" title="Abortion in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Florida" title="Abortion in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Abortion in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Hawaii" title="Abortion in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Idaho" title="Abortion in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Illinois" title="Abortion in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Indiana" title="Abortion in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Iowa" title="Abortion in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kansas" title="Abortion in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kentucky" title="Abortion in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Louisiana" title="Abortion in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Maine" title="Abortion in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Maryland" title="Abortion in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Massachusetts" title="Abortion in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Michigan" title="Abortion in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Minnesota" title="Abortion in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mississippi" title="Abortion in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Missouri" title="Abortion in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Montana" title="Abortion in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Nebraska" title="Abortion in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Nevada" title="Abortion in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_Hampshire" title="Abortion in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_Jersey" title="Abortion in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_Mexico" title="Abortion in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_York" title="Abortion in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_North_Carolina" title="Abortion in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_North_Dakota" title="Abortion in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ohio" title="Abortion in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Oklahoma" title="Abortion in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Oregon" title="Abortion in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Pennsylvania" title="Abortion in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Rhode_Island" title="Abortion in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Carolina" title="Abortion in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_South_Dakota" title="Abortion in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Texas" title="Abortion in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Utah" title="Abortion in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Vermont" title="Abortion in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Virginia" title="Abortion in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Washington_(state)" title="Abortion in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_West_Virginia" title="Abortion in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Wisconsin" title="Abortion in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Wyoming" title="Abortion in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg/170px-Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg/255px-Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg/340px-Gestational_limits_for_elective_abortion_in_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Abortion in the District of Columbia">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_American_Samoa" title="Abortion in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Guam" title="Abortion in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Abortion in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Abortion in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Abortion in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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