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policy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: tourism policy"> <meta name="keywords" content="tourism policy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="tourism policy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4768</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: tourism policy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4768</span> The Use of Sustainable Tourism, Decrease Performance Levels, and Change Management for Image Branding as a Contemporary Tool of Foreign Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehtab%20Alam">Mehtab Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable tourism practices require to improve the decreased performance levels in phases of change management for image branding. This paper addresses the innovative approach of using sustainable tourism for image branding as a contemporary tool of foreign policy. The sustainable tourism-based foreign policy promotes cultural values, green tourism, economy, and image management for the avoidance of rising global conflict. The mixed-method approach (quantitative 382 surveys, qualitative 11 interviews at saturation point) implied for the data analysis. The research finding provides the potential of using sustainable tourism by implying skills and knowledge, capacity, and personal factors of change management in improving tourism-based performance levels. It includes the valuable tourism performance role for the success of a foreign policy through sustainable tourism. Change management in tourism-based foreign policy provides the destination readiness for international engagement and curbing of climate issues through green tourism. The research recommends the impact of change management in improving the tourism-based performance levels of image branding for a coercive foreign policy. The paper’s future direction for the immediate implementation of tourism-based foreign policy is to overcome the contemporary issues of travel marketing management, green infrastructure, and cross-border regulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decrease%20performance%20levels" title="decrease performance levels">decrease performance levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20management" title=" change management"> change management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title=" sustainable tourism"> sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20branding" title=" image branding"> image branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174465/the-use-of-sustainable-tourism-decrease-performance-levels-and-change-management-for-image-branding-as-a-contemporary-tool-of-foreign-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4767</span> Policy of Tourism and Opportunities of Development of Wellness Industry in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Erkomaishvili">G. Erkomaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gvelesiani"> R. Gvelesiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kharaishvili"> E. Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili"> M. Chavleishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topic reviews the situation existing currently in Georgia in the field of tourism in conditions of globalization: Touristic resources, the paces of development of the tourism infrastructure, tourism policy, possibilities of development of the Wellness industry in Georgia that is the newest direction of the medical tourism. The factors impeding the development of the industry of tourism, namely-existence of the conflict zones, high rates of the bank credits, deficiencies associated with the tax laws, a level of infrastructural development, quality of services, deficit in the competitive staff, increase of prices in the peak seasons, insufficient promotion of the touristic opportunities of Georgia on the international markets are studied and analyzed. Besides, the levels of development of tourism in Georgia according to the World Economic Forum, aspects of cooperation with the European Union etc. are reviewed. As a result of these studies, a strategy of development of tourism and one of its directions-Wellness industries in Georgia is introduced with the relevant conclusions, on which basis the recommendations are provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=about%20tourism" title="about tourism">about tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20policy" title=" tourism policy"> tourism policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellness%20industry" title=" wellness industry"> wellness industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title=" business"> business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3349/policy-of-tourism-and-opportunities-of-development-of-wellness-industry-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4766</span> Correlates of Tourism and Power Alleviation: A Case Study of Osun Osogbo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohood%20A.%20Bamidele">Mohood A. Bamidele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadairo%20O.%20Olokesunsi"> Fadairo O. Olokesunsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammed%20A.%20Yunus"> Muhammed A. Yunus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research work focuses on tourism and poverty alleviation in Osun State, it delves in the tourism resources of the state and strategic framework that has been put in place to manage the cultural base tourism that is most prominent in the state. The major instrument used for data collection was questionnaire which was designed for the area and data collected were analyzed using statistical table and chi-square analysis. The result revealed that tourism is under development in Osun State and the tourism potential of the state is yet to be exploited, this is due to lack of appropriate policy to master the development and management of tourism resources, poor publicity, awareness, and lack of adequate basic infrastructure. The research work, therefore, recommended, that, there should be proper and appropriate policy, and that the government should take a leading step to develop tourism in Osun State by creating a workable environment to the private sector and given a substantial budgetary allocation to the tourism in the state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appropriate%20policy" title="appropriate policy">appropriate policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poor%20publicity" title=" poor publicity"> poor publicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20alleviation" title=" poverty alleviation"> poverty alleviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=substantial%20budgetary%20allocation" title=" substantial budgetary allocation"> substantial budgetary allocation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80075/correlates-of-tourism-and-power-alleviation-a-case-study-of-osun-osogbo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4765</span> Eco-Tourism: A Need for Sustainable Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandni%20Laddha">Chandni Laddha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism was earlier considered as an activity performed by people only for the purpose of entertainment. However, the present era demand for adding something more to the concept of tourism. Nowadays, people are more protected towards environment, so this paper focuses on the significance of ecotourism for the attainment of sustainable development. Ecotourism is a way of sustainable growth of tourist spots maintaining their natural and actual status quo. The ecotourism in India becomes all the more important because India is famous on world map. Ecotourism believe that there should be sustainable equation between tourist and tourist place. Various aspects related to environmental tourism will be highlighted in this paper. Government efforts for the promotion of ecotourism will be discussed by explaining the tourism policy of India, some acts, rules etc. will also be discussed. The study comes up with some strategies to be adopted and which will lead in promoting the concept of ecotourism for an ecologically sustainable environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-tourism" title=" eco-tourism"> eco-tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20policy" title=" tourism policy"> tourism policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20environment" title=" sustainable environment"> sustainable environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42684/eco-tourism-a-need-for-sustainable-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4764</span> An Integrated Planning Framework for Sustainable Tourism: Case Study of Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Halioui">S. Halioui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Arikan"> I. Arikan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Schmidt"> M. Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism sector in Tunisia faces several problems that range from economic challenges to environmental degradation and social instability. These problems have been intensified because of the increased competition in the tourism market, the political instability, financial crises, and recently terrorism problems have aggravated the situation. As a consequence, a new framework that promotes sustainable tourism in the country and increases its competitiveness is urgently needed. Planning for sustainable tourism sector requires the integration of complex interactions between economic, social and environmental aspects. Sustainable tourism principles can be implemented with the help of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process, which ensures the full integration of economic, social and environmental considerations while planning for the tourism sector in Tunisia. Results of the paper have broad implications for policy makers and tourism professionals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title="sustainable tourism">sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20environmental%20assessment" title=" strategic environmental assessment"> strategic environmental assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20planning" title=" tourism planning"> tourism planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59138/an-integrated-planning-framework-for-sustainable-tourism-case-study-of-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4763</span> Economic Policy of Tourism and the Development Tendencies of Medical Wellness Resorts in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Erkomaishvili">G. Erkomaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kharaishvili"> E. Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili"> M. Chavleishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sagareishvili"> N. Sagareishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the current condition of tourism and its economic policy in Georgia. It analyzes and studies wellness tourism, as one of the directions of tourism; the newest niche in the wellness industry – triggering wellness resorts with medical ideology. The paper discusses the development tendencies of medical wellness resorts in Georgia and its main economic preferences. The main finding of the research is that Georgia is a unique place in the world according to the variety of medical recourses. This makes the opportunity to create and successfully operate medical wellness resorts, as well as develop it as a brand for Georgia in the world. The research represents the development strategies of tourism and its medical wellness resorts in Georgia, and offers recommendations based on the relevant conclusions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20policy%20of%20tourism" title=" economic policy of tourism"> economic policy of tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellness%20industry" title=" wellness industry"> wellness industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20wellness%20resorts" title=" medical wellness resorts"> medical wellness resorts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51088/economic-policy-of-tourism-and-the-development-tendencies-of-medical-wellness-resorts-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4762</span> The Use of Tourism Destination Management for Image Branding as a Preferable Choice of Foreign Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehtab%20Alam">Mehtab Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mudiarasan%20Kuppusamy"> Mudiarasan Kuppusamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image branding is the prominent and well-guided phenomena of managing tourism destinations. It examines the image of cities forming as brand identity. Transformation of cities into tourist destinations is obligatory for the current management practices to be used for foreign policy. The research considers the features of perception, destination accommodation, destination quality, traveler revisit, destination information system, and behavioral image for tourism destination management. Using the quantitative and qualitative research methodology, the objective is to examine and investigate the opportunities for destination branding. It investigates the features and management of tourism destinations in Abbottabad city of Pakistan through SPSS and NVivo 12 software. The prospective outlook of the results and coding reflects the significant contribution of integrated destination management for image branding, where Abbottabad has the potential to become a destination city. The positive impact of branding integrates tourism management as it is fulfilling travelers’ requirements to influence the choice of destination for innovative foreign policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20branding" title="image branding">image branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20management" title=" destination management"> destination management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative" title=" innovative"> innovative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172038/the-use-of-tourism-destination-management-for-image-branding-as-a-preferable-choice-of-foreign-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4761</span> The State Support to the Tourism Policy Formation Mechanism in Black Sea Basin Countries (Azerbaijan, Turkey, Russia, Georgia) and Its Impact on Sustainable Tourism Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bahar%20Ganiyeva">A. Bahar Ganiyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sabuhi%20Tanriverdiyev"> M. Sabuhi Tanriverdiyev </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article analyzes state support and policy mechanisms aimed at driving tourism as one of the vibrant and rapidly developing economies. State programs and long-range strategic roadmaps and previous programs execution, results and their impact on the particular countries economy have been raised during the research. This theme provides a useful framework for discussions with a wider range of stakeholders as the implications arising are of importance both for academics and practitioners engaged in hospitality and tourism development and research. The impact that tourism has on sustainable regional development in emerging markets is highly substantial. For Azerbaijan, Turkey, Georgia, and Russia, with their rich natural resources and cultural heritage, tourism can be an important basis for economic expansion, and a way to form an acceptable image of the countries as safe, open, hospitable, and complex. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sustainable%20tourism" title="Sustainable tourism">Sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitality" title=" hospitality"> hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination" title=" destination"> destination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20roadmap" title=" strategic roadmap"> strategic roadmap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20support" title=" state support"> state support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20formation" title=" policy formation"> policy formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20program" title=" state program"> state program</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107848/the-state-support-to-the-tourism-policy-formation-mechanism-in-black-sea-basin-countries-azerbaijan-turkey-russia-georgia-and-its-impact-on-sustainable-tourism-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4760</span> Role of Tourism Cluster in Improvement of Economic Competitiveness of Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Sharashenidze">Alexander Sharashenidze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article discusses the role of tourism in the economics of Georgia, justifies the necessity of several governmental supporting tools for diversification of tourism product and increasing competitiveness. Tourism directions are characterized through discovering Georgian tourism potential, considering cultural and geographical features; tools of formating supplemental products and development opportunities of Tbilisi and, also regions are asserted in the case of conducting appropriate government policy. There are presented tools of suggesting innovative tourism products, improvement of service, decreasing taxes, also providing availability to them. The role of tourism cluster in improvement of national competitiveness is substantiated. Based on the analysis of competitive factors influencing the development of tourism cluster, conclusions are made, and recommendations are suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20competitivness" title="economic competitivness">economic competitivness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancing%20competitiveness" title=" enhancing competitiveness"> enhancing competitiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgian%20economic" title=" Georgian economic"> Georgian economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20cluster" title=" tourism cluster"> tourism cluster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20product" title=" tourism product"> tourism product</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67053/role-of-tourism-cluster-in-improvement-of-economic-competitiveness-of-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4759</span> Experience Modularization for New Value of Evanescent Cultural Communities: Developing Creative Tourism Services in Bangkok</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wuttigrai%20Ngamsirijit">Wuttigrai Ngamsirijit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creative tourism is an ongoing development in many countries as an attempt to moving away from serial reproduction of culture and reviving the culture. Despite, in the destinations with diverse and potential cultural resources, creating new tourism services can be vague. This paper presents how tourism experiences are modularized and consolidated in order to form new creative tourism service offerings in evanescent cultural communities of Bangkok, Thailand. The benefits from data mining in accommodating value co-creation are discussed, and implication of experience modularization to national creative tourism policy is addressed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-creation" title="co-creation">co-creation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20tourism" title=" creative tourism"> creative tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20service%20design" title=" new service design"> new service design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience%20modularization" title=" experience modularization"> experience modularization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8857/experience-modularization-for-new-value-of-evanescent-cultural-communities-developing-creative-tourism-services-in-bangkok" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4758</span> Development of Management Model for Promoting Sustainable Tourism of Rajabhat Universities in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weera%20Weerasophon">Weera Weerasophon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper is to study the development of a management model for promoting sustainable tourism of Rajabhat universities in Thailand. Mixed Method Research is applied under the said topic. The researcher has developed a management model to promote sustainable tourism. The objectives of the research are 1) to study the readiness in management sustainable tourism of Rajabhat universities in Thailand 2) to develop a management model for promoting sustainable tourism of those universities. The process of this research is organized in two steps according to the objectives. The results of the research are as in the following: 1. Rajabhat universities have the readiness in management for promoting sustainable tourism. The universities can be developed to be sustainable tourist attraction under the admistrators who have vision and realize the importance of tourism, eager to promote sustainable tourism of the universities by specifying obvious policy plans and management. 2. The management model for promoting sustainable tourism of Rajabhat universities is consisted of the main following factors : 2.1 Master plan and policy, 2.2 Rajabhat universities organization management and personnel administration, 2.3 Assignment and authority, leadership, 2.4 Join network, 2.5 Assurance of quality and controlling, 2.6 Budget management, 2.7 Human Resources management, 2.8 Alliance and co-ordination, 2.9 Tool of marketing. There are also other communal factors for promoting sustainable tourism. They are: local communities, local communities, tourism activities, government and private sectors, communicative technology system, history, tourist attractive, art and culture, internal and external environment including local wisdom heritage. The management model for promoting sustainable tourism can be concluded from these main and communal factors mentioned above. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title=" sustainable tourism"> sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajabhat%20University" title=" Rajabhat University"> Rajabhat University</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28892/development-of-management-model-for-promoting-sustainable-tourism-of-rajabhat-universities-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4757</span> Tourism Economics and Tourism Development in Greece, in the Period of the Economic Adjustment Programmes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aimilia%20Vlami">Aimilia Vlami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the tourist economic development of Greece on the basis of the analysis of the main characteristics of the financing and development processes and the spatial and temporal structure of supply and demand. Taking into consideration the evolution of the economic planning and the policy for the tourist development of Greece over time, we study at the same time: the composition, the changes and the dynamics of the hotel industry in the last 20 years and especially the period of the economic adjustment programmes, where tourism has become a key pillar of development. It is clearly evident that this paper is written in a specific economic situation, which directs as much the emphases as the flow of arguments around the central question of balance of interventions in the tourist space, between the need for planning and practice of policy for sustainable tourist growth and in the de facto adaptation of fragmentary and urgent interventions of shaping and transforming the tourist space, as they are shaped by the requirements of various institutions and interest groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title="development">development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greece" title=" Greece"> Greece</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitality" title=" hospitality"> hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20policy" title=" economic policy"> economic policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20investments" title=" tourism investments"> tourism investments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123983/tourism-economics-and-tourism-development-in-greece-in-the-period-of-the-economic-adjustment-programmes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4756</span> Understanding the Semantic Network of Tourism Studies in Taiwan by Using Bibliometrics Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Min%20Lin">Chun-Min Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuh-Jen%20Wu"> Yuh-Jen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Ting%20Chung"> Ching-Ting Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The formulation of tourism policies requires objective academic research and evidence as support, especially research from local academia. Taiwan is a small island, and its economic growth relies heavily on tourism revenue. Taiwanese government has been devoting to the promotion of the tourism industry over the past few decades. Scientific research outcomes by Taiwanese scholars may and will help lay the foundations for drafting future tourism policy by the government. In this study, a total of 120 full journal articles published between 2008 and 2016 from the Journal of Tourism and Leisure Studies (JTSL) were examined to explore the scientific research trend of tourism study in Taiwan. JTSL is one of the most important Taiwanese journals in the tourism discipline which focuses on tourism-related issues and uses traditional Chinese as the study language. The method of co-word analysis from bibliometrics approaches was employed for semantic analysis in this study. When analyzing Chinese words and phrases, word segmentation analysis is a crucial step. It must be carried out initially and precisely in order to obtain meaningful word or word chunks for further frequency calculation. A word segmentation system basing on N-gram algorithm was developed in this study to conduct semantic analysis, and 100 groups of meaningful phrases with the highest recurrent rates were located. Subsequently, co-word analysis was employed for semantic classification. The results showed that the themes of tourism research in Taiwan in recent years cover the scope of tourism education, environmental protection, hotel management, information technology, and senior tourism. The results can give insight on the related issues and serve as a reference for tourism-related policy making and follow-up research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bibliometrics" title="bibliometrics">bibliometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-word%20analysis" title=" co-word analysis"> co-word analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=word%20segmentation" title=" word segmentation"> word segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20research" title=" tourism research"> tourism research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72093/understanding-the-semantic-network-of-tourism-studies-in-taiwan-by-using-bibliometrics-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4755</span> Branding Tourism Destinations; The Trending Initiatives for Edifice Image Choices of Foreign Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehtab%20Alam">Mehtab Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mudiarasan%20Kuppusamy"> Mudiarasan Kuppusamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puvaneswaran%20Kunaserkaran"> Puvaneswaran Kunaserkaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap and complete the relationship between tourism destinations and image branding as a choice of edifice foreign policy. Such options became a crucial component for individuals interested in leisure and travel activities. The destination management factors have been evaluated and analyzed using the primary and secondary data in a mixed-methods approach (quantitative sample of 384 and qualitative 8 semi-structured interviews at saturated point). The study chose the Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) and Image Restoration (IR) theories, along with a schematic diagram and an analytical framework supported by NVivo software 12, for two locations in Abbottabad, KPK, Pakistan: Shimla Hill and Thandiani. This incorporates the use of PLS-SEM model for assessing validity of data while SPSS for data screening of descriptive statistics. The results show that destination management's promotion of tourism has significantly improved Pakistan's state image. The use of institutional setup, environmental drivers, immigration, security, and hospitality as well as recreational initiatives on destination management is encouraged. The practical ramifications direct the heads of tourism projects, diplomats, directors, and policymakers to complete destination projects before inviting people to Pakistan. The paper provides the extent of knowledge for academic tourism circles to use tourism destinations as brand ambassadors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20image" title=" state image"> state image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20branding" title=" image branding"> image branding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170282/branding-tourism-destinations-the-trending-initiatives-for-edifice-image-choices-of-foreign-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4754</span> Financial Problems Met in the Tourism Sector in Turkey: A Survey on the Tourism Businesses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raif%20Parlakkaya">Raif Parlakkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huseyin%20Cetin"> Huseyin Cetin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Akmese"> Halil Akmese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesut%20Murat%20Adabali"> Mesut Murat Adabali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the economies of other countries in the Mediterranean Basin, the tourism sector in our country has a high denominator in economics. Tourism businesses, which are building blocks of tourism, sector faces with a variety of problems during their activities. These problems faced make business efficiency and competition conditions of the businesses difficult. Most of the problems faced by the tourism businesses and the information of consumers about consumers’ rights were used in this study, which is conducted to determine the problems of tourism businesses in the Central Anatolia Region. It is aimed to contribute the awareness of staff and executives working at tourism sector and to attract attention of businesses active concurrently with tourism sector and legislators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20problems" title="financial problems">financial problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20problems%20of%20tourism%20businesses" title=" the problems of tourism businesses"> the problems of tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20businesses" title=" tourism businesses"> tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20sector%20in%20Turkey" title=" tourism sector in Turkey"> tourism sector in Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26823/financial-problems-met-in-the-tourism-sector-in-turkey-a-survey-on-the-tourism-businesses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4753</span> The Effect of Technology in Improving Tourism Cluster Competitiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Safwat%20Kotit%20Istemalek">Michael Safwat Kotit Istemalek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a project on a small project called Zeytinseli, which plays an important role from the beginning to the end of olive oil and olive oil production, is presented with the help of tourism companies that play an important role in the tourism sector. In the study, first of all, a framework of ideas about travel agency, tourism, specific tourism agency and rural tourism was created and tourism knowledge in the modern world was emphasized. After this, the "olive", which had an important place in both mythology and the religion of God, disappeared in the field of rural tourism. Since Didim Zeytinseli is the Aydın district, accommodation prices were calculated within the scope of the project and a 15-day factory tour was given at the end of the project. It can be said that the study is an original study as it covers not only environmental and agricultural tourism but also cultural tourism and non-traditional tourism98. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20problems" title="financial problems">financial problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20problems%20of%20tourism%20businesses" title=" the problems of tourism businesses"> the problems of tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20businesses" title=" tourism businesses"> tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20management%20economic%20competitiveness" title=" tourism management economic competitiveness"> tourism management economic competitiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancing%20competitiveness" title=" enhancing competitiveness"> enhancing competitiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186300/the-effect-of-technology-in-improving-tourism-cluster-competitiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">30</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4752</span> Interest Rate of Managers and Tourism Officials over E-Tourism Development: Case Study of Lenjan City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Shahriyari">Akram Shahriyari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Mokhtari%20Malek%20Abadi"> Reza Mokhtari Malek Abadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> E-tourism is among the issues that have recently been entered into the field of tourism. In order to achieve this type of tourism, Information and Communications Technology (or ICT) infrastructures as well as Co-governmental organizations and tourism resources are important. In this study, the opinions of managers and tourism officials about the e-tourism in Lenjan city were measured; it also surveyed the impact of level of digital literacy of managers and tourism officials on attracting tourists in Lenjan city. This study was conducted in Lenjan, one of the environs of the Esfahan province. This study is a documentary – survey and the sources include library resources and also questionnaires. The results obtained indicate that if managers use ICT, it may help e-tourism to be developed in the region, and increasing managers’ beliefs on e-tourism and upgrading their level of digital literacy may affect e-tourism development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title="ICT">ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-tourism" title=" e-tourism"> e-tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opinion%20of%20managers%20and%20officials" title=" opinion of managers and officials"> opinion of managers and officials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lejnan" title=" Lejnan"> Lejnan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1718/interest-rate-of-managers-and-tourism-officials-over-e-tourism-development-case-study-of-lenjan-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4751</span> Methodologies for Management of Sustainable Tourism: A Case Study in Jalapão/to/Brazil </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20L.%20G.%20S.%20Senna">Mary L. G. S. Senna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veruska%20C.%20Dutra"> Veruska C. Dutra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afonso%20R.%20Aquino"> Afonso R. Aquino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is in application and analysis of two tourism management tools that can contribute to making public managers decision: the Barometer of Tourism Sustainability (BTS) and the Ecological Footprint (EF). The results have shown that BTS allows you to have an integrated view of the tourism system, awakening to the need for planning of appropriate actions so that it can achieve the positive scale proposed (potentially sustainable). Already the methodology of ecological tourism footprint is an important tool to measure potential impacts generated by tourism to tourist reality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barometer%20of%20tourism%20sustainability" title="barometer of tourism sustainability">barometer of tourism sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20footprint%20of%20tourism" title=" ecological footprint of tourism"> ecological footprint of tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalap%C3%A3o%2FBrazil" title=" Jalapão/Brazil"> Jalapão/Brazil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title=" sustainable tourism"> sustainable tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34670/methodologies-for-management-of-sustainable-tourism-a-case-study-in-jalapaotobrazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4750</span> Tourism Policy Challenges in Post-Soviet Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merab%20Khokhobaia">Merab Khokhobaia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research of Georgian tourism policy challenges is important, as the tourism can play an increasing role for the economic growth and improvement of standard of living of the country even with scanty resources, at the expense of improved creative approaches. It is also important to make correct decisions at macroeconomic level, which will be accordingly reflected in the successful functioning of the travel companies and finally, in the improvement of economic indicators of the country. In order to correctly orient sectoral policy, it is important to precisely determine its role in the economy. Development of travel industry has been considered as one of the priorities in Georgia; the country has unique cultural heritage and traditions, as well as plenty of natural resources, which are a significant precondition for the development of tourism. Despite the factors mentioned above, the existing resources are not completely utilized and exploited. This work represents a study of subjective, as well as objective reasons of ineffective functioning of the sector. During the years of transformation experienced by Georgia, the role of travel industry in economic development of the country represented the subject of continual discussions. Such assessments were often biased and they did not rest on specific calculations. This topic became especially popular on the ground of market economy, because reliable statistical data have a particular significance in the designing of tourism policy. In order to deeply study the aforementioned issue, this paper analyzes monetary, as well as non-monetary indicators. The research widely included the tourism indicators system; we analyzed the flaws in reporting of the results of tourism sector in Georgia. Existing defects are identified and recommendations for their improvement are offered. For stable development tourism, similarly to other economic sectors, needs a well-designed policy from the perspective of national, as well as local, regional development. The tourism policy must be drawn up in order to efficiently achieve our goals, which were established in short-term and long-term dynamics on the national or regional scale of specific country. The article focuses on the role and responsibility of the state institutes in planning and implementation of the tourism policy. The government has various tools and levers, which may positively influence the processes. These levers are especially important in terms of international, as well as internal tourism development. Within the framework of this research, the regulatory documents, which are in force in relation to this industry, were also analyzed. The main attention is turned to their modernization and necessity of their compliance with European standards. It is a current issue to direct the efforts of state policy on support of business by implementing infrastructural projects, as well as by development of human resources, which may be possible by supporting the relevant higher and vocational studying-educational programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20development" title="regional development">regional development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20industry" title=" tourism industry"> tourism industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20policy" title=" tourism policy"> tourism policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition" title=" transition"> transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26799/tourism-policy-challenges-in-post-soviet-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4749</span> An Evaluation of Tourism Education in Nigeria’s Higher Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eldah%20Ephraim%20Buba">Eldah Ephraim Buba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper evaluated the quality of tourism education in Nigeria higher education. The problem of poor quality of tourism education in Nigeria’s higher institutions prompted the study. Archival research was used with evaluation reports as secondary data, twenty evaluation reports for different polytechnics from the National board for technical education (NBTE) from 1995-2012 were assessed. The evidence from the documents shows that the quality of teaching and evaluation is fair. The programmes resources are fairly good, and most of the teachers do not have a postgraduate qualification in tourism related courses. It is therefore recommended that the institutions running tourism programmes in Nigeria need to introduce self -assessment of programmes and not rely on the NBTE accreditation which comes up in three years. Also there is need for a staff development policy that will encourage Tourism educators to further their education; The Tertiary Educational Trust Fund (TETFUND) should focus on developing staff of tourism education because it is an area of study in Nigeria that lacks qualified personnel. With the way higher institution in Nigeria are finding interest in tourism programmes, having good quality programmes will not only produce better professionals but it will help in offering better services in the industry and maximizing the impacts of the business. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title="education">education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20quality" title=" tourism quality"> tourism quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assessment" title=" self-assessment"> self-assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12693/an-evaluation-of-tourism-education-in-nigerias-higher-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4748</span> Development of Policy and Planning Processes Towards a Comprehensive Tourism Plan, Community Participation: The Case of Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Yunji%20Nange">Ruth Yunji Nange</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism has continued to increase as a significant industry, enhancing economic growth and development in Cameroon; due to the tremendous success of this industry, community participation (CP) has enhanced tourism development (TD). While gaining augmented attractiveness, considering how local CP is encouraged in such initiatives has become imperative. It has become essential to examine the importance of CP in the development of policies and planning processes for the equitable distribution of benefits and the effects of TD in the country. This study will exactly explore the cases of CP in the most populated cities in Cameroon (Douala and Yaoundé) and also understand how local CP is incorporated into tourism to enhance development in the tourism industry in particular and Cameroon in general. This paper is based on a qualitative research method, semi-structured interviews, and in-depth, face-to-face interviews carried out with the top administrators of tourism, both in the public and private sectors, such as the minister, provincial and regional delegates of tourism, non-governmental organizations (NGO), leaders of local community associations and tour operators. The forms and surveys were open-ended with a high level of flexibility. The findings of this study will pose implications for the development of CP in tourism initiatives programs in Cameroon and other developing economies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20community" title=" local community"> local community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation%20and%20planning" title=" participation and planning"> participation and planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160242/development-of-policy-and-planning-processes-towards-a-comprehensive-tourism-plan-community-participation-the-case-of-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4747</span> Public-Public Partnership and Tourism Development Strategy: The Case of Municipality of Gazi Baba in Macedonia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dejan%20Metodijeski">Dejan Metodijeski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeta%20Mitreva"> Elizabeta Mitreva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nako%20Taskov"> Nako Taskov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oliver%20Filiposki"> Oliver Filiposki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism development strategies are an important link in the tourism policy that is used to make its management better and easier. A public-public partnership (PUP) is a partnership between two or more public authorities or between a public authority and any non-profit organization with the goal of providing services and facilities or transferring technical skills. The paper presents this kind of partnership between two public authorities in Macedonia, the Municipality of Gazi Baba on one hand, and the University of Goce Delcev on the other. The main idea of this partnership is the development of a tourism strategy for the Municipality of Gazi Baba by the University on one side, and on the other, the construction of a mini park in the court of the University by the Municipality. This paper presents the causes and analyzes the procedures relating to this partnership and the methodology of the tourism development strategy. It contains a relevant literature review related to PUPs and tourism development strategy. The results and benefits of this partnership are presented with figures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public-public%20partnership" title="public-public partnership">public-public partnership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20development%20strategy" title=" tourism development strategy"> tourism development strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipality%20of%20Gazi%20Baba" title=" municipality of Gazi Baba"> municipality of Gazi Baba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Macedonia" title=" Macedonia"> Macedonia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69350/public-public-partnership-and-tourism-development-strategy-the-case-of-municipality-of-gazi-baba-in-macedonia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4746</span> Internet as a Marketing Tool for Tourism Promotion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emeka%20Okonkwo">Emeka Okonkwo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Information Technology (IT) has prevailed over all functions of strategic and operational management. The Internet (a product of information technology) has increasingly become a popular medium for marketing. This paper examines the potentials of Internet for tourism marketing. To achieve this, the paper x-rays the characteristics of tourism marketing and examines the application of the Internet in tourism marketing. It is argued that the use of Internet for tourism marketing will not only reach a broad audience and reduce the cost of transaction (by conventional methods used by travel agents in times past), but, will also alleviate the problems of identification, authentication and confirmation of travels/package tours by tourists as well as promotion of tourism industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title="internet">internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20management" title=" tourism management"> tourism management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6055/internet-as-a-marketing-tool-for-tourism-promotion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4745</span> Sustainable Tourism from a Multicriteria Analysis Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Blasco-Blasco">Olga Blasco-Blasco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vicente%20Liern"> Vicente Liern</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of tourism since the mid-20th century has raised problems of overcrowding, indiscriminate construction in seaside areas and gentrification. Increasingly, the World Tourism Organisation and public institutions are promoting policies that encourage sustainability. From the perspective of sustainability, three types of tourism can be established: traditional tourism, sustainable tourism and sustainable impact tourism. Measuring sustainability is complex due to its multiple dimensions of different relative importance and diversity in nature. In order to try to answer this problem and to identify the benefits of applying policies that promote sustainable tourism, a decision-making analysis will be carried out through the application of a multicriteria analysis method. The proposal is applied to hotel reservations and to the evaluation and management of tourism sustainability in the Spanish Autonomous Communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism" title="sustainable tourism">sustainable tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicriteria%20analysis" title=" multicriteria analysis"> multicriteria analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20optimization" title=" flexible optimization"> flexible optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20indicators" title=" composite indicators"> composite indicators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142393/sustainable-tourism-from-a-multicriteria-analysis-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4744</span> Tourism Development and Its Role in the Urban Expansion of Al-Khomse City, Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Klib">Khaled Klib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousri%20Azzam"> Yousri Azzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Maarouf"> Ibrahim Maarouf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism is one of the most important and fastest growing economic activities in the world, which has a prominent role in the growth and development of countries and has become increasingly important as business and trade after the World War II. The tourism development is one of the most important aspects of urban development, which aims to plan and develop tourist attractions and improve the urban environment within cities. Tourism development has become a priority for the urban development policy of cities, particularly those which have many tourist potentials. Complementary services, such as infrastructure, roads’ networks, transportation, and communications are needed for these potentials to function properly. In order to achieve these functionalities, also a new planning for the new areas as an expansion is required, or developing and renovating the existing urban areas according to pre-prepared plans to avoid random expansion of the urban structure of the city. This paper aims to determine the tourist attractions of Al-Khomse city, by reviewing the most important tourist attractions such as the Roman city (Leptis Magna), the geographical location on the Mediterranean coast, the temperate climate and diversity of the natural environment. The paper also examines the reality of the infrastructure and tourist services in the city and its suitability to serve the tourism sector. The paper also includes a proposed for tourism development in the city as one of the city's urban expansion trends, which can guide the development strategy in the future. The paper concludes with a vision for the tourism development areas as one of the trends for urban expansion in the future. The paper also concludes tourism development will have an effective role in the growth and development of urban, economic and social, in addition to preserving the natural environment. The paper recommended the need to emphasize the role of tourism development as one of the pillars and trends for the development policy and expansion of Al-Khomse city, preservation of tourist attractions and natural resources and developing infrastructure and tourist services such as accommodation, entertainment, mobility, and accessibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20attractions" title=" tourist attractions"> tourist attractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20development" title=" tourism development"> tourism development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20expansion" title=" urban expansion"> urban expansion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75724/tourism-development-and-its-role-in-the-urban-expansion-of-al-khomse-city-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4743</span> Managerial Risk-Taking: Evidences from the Tourism Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Ming%20Wen">Min-Ming Wen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Applying the U.S. lodging and tourism industry as a research sample, we examine the relation between the corporate governance structure and managerial risk-taking behavior. In light of the global financial crisis, the importance of effective governance structures is essential in protecting claimholder interests. We propose a governance structure consisting of shareholder governance measured by anti-takeover provisions to examine whether the governance structure has a significant impact on managerial risk-taking behaviors in terms of the investment policy. We will use capital expenditure and R&D investment to measure managerial risk-taking and the firm’s investment policy. In addition, we will examine whether the effects of governance on investment policy differ significantly between speculative and investment-grade firms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-taking" title=" risk-taking"> risk-taking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20value" title=" firm value"> firm value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lodging%20industry" title=" lodging industry"> lodging industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23817/managerial-risk-taking-evidences-from-the-tourism-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">615</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4742</span> Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Tourism: A Panel Data Analysis of Developing Countries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malraj%20Bharatha%20Kiriella">Malraj Bharatha Kiriella</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of tourism foreign direct investment (TFDI) to selected developing countries during 1978-2017. The study used pooled panel data to estimate an econometric model. The findings show that market size and institutional barriers are determining factors for TFDI in countries, while other variables of positive country conditions, FDI-related government policy, tourism-related infrastructure and labor conditions are insignificant. The result shows that institutional effects are positive, while market size negatively affects TFDI inflows. The research is limited to eight developing countries. The results can be used to support government policy on TFDI. The paper makes the following contributions: First, it provides important insight and understanding into the TFDI decision-making process in developing countries. Second, both TFDI theory and evidence are minimal, and an econometric model developed on the basis of available literature has been empirically tested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDI%20in%20tourism" title=" FDI in tourism"> FDI in tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data" title=" panel data"> panel data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121206/determinants-of-foreign-direct-investment-in-tourism-a-panel-data-analysis-of-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121206.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4741</span> Tourism as Benefactor to Peace amidst the Structural Conflict: An Exploratory Case Study of Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranil%20Kumar%20Upadhayaya">Pranil Kumar Upadhayaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While peace is dividend to tourism, tourism can also be a vital force for world peace. The existing body of knowledge on a tripartite complex nexus between tourism, peace and conflict reveals that tourism is benefactor to peace and sensitive to conflict. By contextualizing the ongoing sporadic structural conflict in the transitional phase in the aftermath of a decade long (1996-2006), Maoist armed conflict in Nepal, the purpose of this study is to explore the potentials of tourism in peace-building. The outcomes of this research paper is based on the mixed methods of research (qualitative and quantitative). Though the armed conflict ended with the comprehensive peace agreement in 2006 but there is constant manifestations of non-violent structural conflicts, which continue to threaten the sustainability of tourism industry. With the persistent application of coping strategies, tourism is found resilient during the ongoing structural political conflict. The strong coping abilities of the private sector of tourism industry have also intersected with peace-building efforts with more reactive and less proactive (pro-peace) engagements. This paper ascertains about the application of the ‘theory of tourism security’ by Nepalese tourism industry while coping with conflict and reviving, and sustaining. It reveals that the multiple verities of tourism at present has heterogeneous degree of peace potentials. The opportunities of ‘peace through tourism’ can be promoted subject to its molding with responsible, sustainable and participatory characteristics. This paper comes out with pragmatic policy recommendations for strengthening the position of tourism as a true peace-builder: (a) a broad shift from mainstream conventional tourism to the community based rural with local participation and ownership to fulfill Nepal’s potentials for peace, and (b) building and applications of the managerial and operational codes of conducts for owners and workers (labor unions) at all tourism enterprises and strengthen their practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20of%20conduct" title="code of conduct">code of conduct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20based%20tourism" title=" community based tourism"> community based tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peace-building" title=" peace-building"> peace-building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism "> tourism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73260/tourism-as-benefactor-to-peace-amidst-the-structural-conflict-an-exploratory-case-study-of-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4740</span> Exploitation of Technology by the Tshwane Residence for Tourism Development Purposes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20P.%20S.%20Sifolo">P. P. S. Sifolo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Tladi"> P. Tladi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Maimela"> J. Maimela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article investigates technology used by Tshwane residents intended for tourism purposes. The aim is to contribute information to the Tshwane interested parties for planning and management concerning technology within the tourism sector. This study identified the types of tourist related technologies used by the Tshwane residents, be it for business purposes or personal use. The study connected the exploitation of technology for tourism purposes through unpacking the tourism sector as it utilizes technology. Quantitative research methodology was used whereby self-completed questionnaires were chosen as research instruments. The research study carried out a search for knowledge on technology for tourism and the Tshwane residents; however the study revealed that technology has certainly imprinted tourism massively because of its effectiveness and efficiency. Technology has assisted tourism businesses stay abreast of competition with ICT and because of that, SA is on the map as one the economically performing countries in Africa. Moreover, technology and tourism make a meaningful impact on job creation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technology" title=" information and communication technology"> information and communication technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tshwane%20residents" title=" Tshwane residents"> Tshwane residents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20for%20tourism" title=" technology for tourism"> technology for tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5721/exploitation-of-technology-by-the-tshwane-residence-for-tourism-development-purposes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4739</span> The Effect of Technology in Improving Tourism Cluster Competitveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nancy%20Ayman%20Kamal%20Mohamed%20Mehrz">Nancy Ayman Kamal Mohamed Mehrz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Like the economies of other countries in the Mediterranean region, the tourism sector in our country has excellent economic prospects. Tourism companies are building tourism, a sector that faces various challenges in its activities. These problems have made business activities and competition between companies difficult. In this study, which was conducted to identify the problems of the tourism sector in the Central Anatolia region, most of the problems faced by the tourism sector and consumer information on consumer rights were used. The aim is to contribute to the awareness of workers and managers working in the tourism sector and to attract the attention of companies and legislators working in the tourism sector. E-tourism is one of the newest issues in the field of tourism. Infrastructure and Information Technology (or ICT) and partner government and tourism organizations are required to achieve this type of tourism. This study measures the views of managers and tourism managers in Leman City regarding e-tourism; In addition, the effect of the literacy level of the tourism management system on tourist attractions was also examined. This research has been carried out. One of the suburbs of Isfahan province. This research is a documentary research and source material that includes literature and surveys. The results obtained show that if managers use ICT, it can help the development of e-tourism in the region, and increasing managers' views about e-tourism and improving their literacy levels can affect the development of tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20problems" title="financial problems">financial problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20problems%20of%20tourism%20businesses" title=" the problems of tourism businesses"> the problems of tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20businesses" title=" tourism businesses"> tourism businesses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20management%20economic%20competitiveness" title=" tourism management economic competitiveness"> tourism management economic competitiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhancing%20competitiveness" title=" enhancing competitiveness"> enhancing competitiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186093/the-effect-of-technology-in-improving-tourism-cluster-competitveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li 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