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class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كلوروبكرين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلوروبكرين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xlorpikrin" title="Xlorpikrin – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xlorpikrin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کولوروپیکرین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کولوروپیکرین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpikrin" title="Chlorpikrin – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chlorpikrin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpikrin" title="Chlorpikrin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chlorpikrin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Χλωροπικρίνη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χλωροπικρίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloropicrina" title="Cloropicrina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cloropicrina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کلروپیکرین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلروپیکرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloropicrine" title="Chloropicrine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chloropicrine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A1%9C%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%B0" title="클로로피크린 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="클로로피크린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloropicrina" title="Cloropicrina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cloropicrina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ქლორპიკრინი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქლორპიკრინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хлорпикрин – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хлорпикрин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlorpikr%C4%ABns" title="Hlorpikrīns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hlorpikrīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpikrinas" title="Chlorpikrinas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chlorpikrinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichloornitromethaan" title="Trichloornitromethaan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Trichloornitromethaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AB%E3%83%94%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="クロルピクリン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クロルピクリン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klorpikrin" title="Klorpikrin – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Klorpikrin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloropikryna" title="Chloropikryna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chloropikryna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloropicrina" title="Cloropicrina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cloropicrina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хлорпикрин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хлорпикрин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hloropikrin" title="Hloropikrin – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hloropikrin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hloropikrin" title="Hloropikrin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hloropikrin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triklornitrometan" title="Triklornitrometan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Triklornitrometan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kloropikrin" title="Kloropikrin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kloropikrin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хлоропікрин – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хлоропікрин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="三氯硝基甲烷 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="三氯硝基甲烷" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1268415487">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-chembox figure:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent){background:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-chembox figure:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent){background:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox"> <caption>Chloropicrin </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="borderless" style="text-align:center"> <table border="0" style="width:100%;display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-right:1px solid #aaa; width:50%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chloropicrin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chloropicrin.png/110px-Chloropicrin.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chloropicrin.png/165px-Chloropicrin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Chloropicrin.png/220px-Chloropicrin.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="844" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:50%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png/110px-Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png/165px-Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png/220px-Chloropicrin-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Names </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_nomenclature" title="Chemical nomenclature">IUPAC name</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;">Trichloro(nitro)methane</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">Other names <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Nitrochloroform</li><li>Nitrotrichloromethane</li><li>PS</li><li>Tri-clor</li><li>Trichloronitromethane</li></ul></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Identifiers </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=76-06-2">76-06-2</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=ClC%28Cl%29%28Cl%29%5BN%2B%5D%28%5BO-%5D%29%3DO">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Beilstein_database" title="Beilstein database">Beilstein Reference</a></div> </td> <td>1756135 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=39285">CHEBI:39285</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1327143">ChEMBL1327143</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.13861343.html">13861343</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.000.847">100.000.847</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423065#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Community_number" title="European Community number"><span title="European Community number (chemical identifier)">EC Number</span></a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>200-930-9</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Gmelin_database" title="Gmelin database">Gmelin Reference</a></div> </td> <td>240197 </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/IUPHAR/BPS" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPHAR/BPS">IUPHAR/BPS</a></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.guidetopharmacology.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?tab=summary&ligandId=6292">6292</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C18445">C18445</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6423">6423</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RTECS" class="mw-redirect" title="RTECS">RTECS number</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>PB6300000</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/I4JTX7Z7U2">I4JTX7Z7U2</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UN_number" title="UN number">UN number</a> </td> <td>1580 </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID0020315">DTXSID0020315</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423065#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/CCl3NO2/c2-1(3,4)5(6)7<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1/CCl3NO2/c2-1(3,4)5(6)7</div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYAJ</div></div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">ClC(Cl)(Cl)[N+]([O-])=O</div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Properties </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Chemical formula</a></div> </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1123817410">.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}</style><span class="chemf nowrap">CCl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>NO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a> </td> <td>164.375 g/mol    </td></tr> <tr> <td>Appearance </td> <td>colorless liquid </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odor" title="Odor">Odor</a> </td> <td>irritating<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">Density</a> </td> <td>1.692 g/ml </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">Melting point</a> </td> <td>−69 °C (−92 °F; 204 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">Boiling point</a> </td> <td>112 °C (234 °F; 385 K) (decomposes) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Aqueous_solution" title="Aqueous solution">Solubility in water</a></div> </td> <td>0.2%<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vapor_pressure" title="Vapor pressure">Vapor pressure</a> </td> <td>18 mmHg (20°C)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_susceptibility" title="Magnetic susceptibility">Magnetic susceptibility</a> (χ)</div> </td> <td>−75.3·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Hazards </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;color:inherit;"><b><a href="/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health" title="Occupational safety and health">Occupational safety and health</a></b> (OHS/OSH): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main hazards</div> </td> <td>Extremely toxic and irritating to skin, eyes, and lungs. Carcinogenic. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals" title="Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals"><b>GHS</b> labelling</a>: </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_hazard_pictograms" title="GHS hazard pictograms">Pictograms</a></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS05: Corrosive"><img alt="GHS05: Corrosive" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/60px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/120px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-skull.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS06: Toxic"><img alt="GHS06: Toxic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS08: Health hazard"><img alt="GHS08: Health hazard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS09: Environmental hazard"><img alt="GHS09: Environmental hazard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg/60px-GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg/120px-GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals#Signal_word" title="Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals">Signal word</a></div> </td> <td><b>Danger</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_hazard_statements" title="GHS hazard statements">Hazard statements</a></div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="H301: Toxic if swallowed">H301</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage">H314</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H330: Fatal if inhaled">H330</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H370: Causes damage to organs">H370</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure">H372</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects">H410</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_precautionary_statements" title="GHS precautionary statements">Precautionary statements</a></div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.">P260</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.">P264</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.">P270</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.">P271</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P273: Avoid release to the environment.">P273</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.">P280</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P284: Wear respiratory protection.">P284</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.">P301+P310</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.">P301+P330+P331</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower].">P303+P361+P353</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.">P304+P340</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.">P305+P351+P338</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.">P307+P311</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.">P310</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P314: Get Medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.">P314</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P320: Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).">P320</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).">P321</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P330: Rinse mouth.">P330</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.">P363</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P391: Collect spillage.">P391</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P403+P233: Store in a well ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.">P403+P233</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P405: Store locked up.">P405</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...">P501</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704"><b>NFPA 704</b></a> (fire diamond) </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1170367383">.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-ref{float:right;padding:1px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container{width:82px;font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container-ref{float:left;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-images{float:left;font-size:20px;text-align:center;position:relative;height:80px;width:80px;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-map{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond .noresize{margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code{line-height:1em;text-align:center;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code>a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-blue{width:13px;top:31px;left:15px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-red{width:12px;top:12px;left:35px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-yellow{width:13px;top:31px;left:54px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-image{position:relative;top:51px;left:0}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;line-height:80%;position:absolute;top:52px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text a>span{position:absolute;color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wors{font-size:15px;width:23px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wox{font-size:15px;font-stretch:condensed;width:21px;line-height:80%;top:-4px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-abcp{font-size:13.5px;font-stretch:condensed;width:28px;left:26px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-ac{font-size:10px;width:30px;left:25px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-strike{text-decoration:line-through}</style><div class="nfpa-704-diamond notheme"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-container"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-images nounderlines"> <div class="nfpa-704-diamond-map"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="NFPA 704 four-colored diamond" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/80px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/120px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/160px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" usemap="#ImageMap_af2ffad53561e6f5" /></span><map name="ImageMap_af2ffad53561e6f5"><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" shape="poly" coords="23,23,47,47,23,70,0,47" alt="Health 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gas" title="Health 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gas" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" shape="poly" coords="47,0,70,23,47,47,23,23" alt="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" title="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" shape="poly" coords="70,23,94,47,70,70,47,47" alt="Instability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxide" title="Instability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxide" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#White" shape="poly" coords="47,47,70,70,47,94,23,70" alt="Special hazards (white): no code" title="Special hazards (white): no code" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-blue"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Health 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gas" class="notheme mw-no-invert">4</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-red"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" class="notheme mw-no-invert">0</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-yellow"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Instability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxide" class="notheme mw-no-invert">3</span></a></div></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;color:inherit;"><b>Lethal dose</b> or concentration (LD, LC): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LC<sub>50</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Lethal_dose#LC50" title="Lethal dose">median concentration</a>)</div> </td> <td>9.7 ppm (mouse, 4 hr)<br />117 ppm (rat, 20 min)<br />14.4 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<sup id="cite_ref-IDLH_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDLH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LC<sub>Lo</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Lethal_dose#LCLo" title="Lethal dose">lowest published</a>)</div> </td> <td>293 ppm (human, 10 min)<br />340 ppm (mouse, 1 min)<br />117 ppm (cat, 20 min)<sup id="cite_ref-IDLH_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDLH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"><b>NIOSH</b></a> (US health exposure limits): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Permissible_exposure_limit" title="Permissible exposure limit">PEL</a> (Permissible)</div> </td> <td>TWA 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Recommended_exposure_limit" title="Recommended exposure limit">REL</a> (Recommended)</div> </td> <td>TWA 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/IDLH" class="mw-redirect" title="IDLH">IDLH</a> (Immediate danger)</div> </td> <td>2 ppm<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; color:inherit; border:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their <a href="/wiki/Standard_state" title="Standard state">standard state</a> (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).</div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/12px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/18px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/24px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=444854343&page2=Chloropicrin">verify</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">what is</a> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup> ?) </div></div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" title="Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Infobox references</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical compound</div> <p><b>Chloropicrin</b>, also known as <b>PS</b> (from <a href="/wiki/Port_Sunlight" title="Port Sunlight">Port Sunlight</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and <b>nitrochloroform</b>, is a chemical compound currently used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, fungicide, <a href="/wiki/Herbicide" title="Herbicide">herbicide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insecticide" title="Insecticide">insecticide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nematicide" title="Nematicide">nematicide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RED_Fact_Sheet_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RED_Fact_Sheet-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was used as a <a href="/wiki/Poison_gas_in_World_War_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Poison gas in World War I">poison gas in World War I</a> and the Russian military has been accused of using it in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its chemical structural formula is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">Cl</a><sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">C</a>−<a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">O</a><sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synthesis">Synthesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Synthesis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chloropicrin was discovered in 1848 by Scottish chemist <a href="/wiki/John_Stenhouse" title="John Stenhouse">John Stenhouse</a>. He prepared it by the reaction of <a href="/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite" title="Sodium hypochlorite">sodium hypochlorite</a> with <a href="/wiki/Picric_acid" title="Picric acid">picric acid</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">HOC<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>H<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>(NO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub> + 11 NaOCl → 3 Cl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CNO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub> + 3 <a href="/wiki/Sodium_carbonate" title="Sodium carbonate">Na<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>CO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></a> + 3 <a href="/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide" title="Sodium hydroxide">NaOH</a> + 2 <a href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">NaCl</a></span></div> <p>Because of the precursor used, Stenhouse named the compound chloropicrin, although the two compounds are structurally dissimilar. </p><p>Today, chloropicrin is manufactured by the reaction of <a href="/wiki/Nitromethane" title="Nitromethane">nitromethane</a> with <a href="/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite" title="Sodium hypochlorite">sodium hypochlorite</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996643573" /><div class="block-indent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">H<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CNO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub> + 3 NaOCl → Cl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CNO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub> + 3 NaOH</span></div> <p>Reaction of <a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">chloroform</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nitric_acid" title="Nitric acid">nitric acid</a> also yields chloropicrin:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996643573" /><div class="block-indent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">Cl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CH + HONO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub> → Cl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>CNO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub> + H<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O</span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chloropicrin's chemical formula is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410" /><span class="chemf nowrap">CCl<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>NO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span> and its molecular weight is 164.38 grams/mole.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pure chloropicrin is a colorless liquid, with a boiling point of 112 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chloropicrin is sparingly soluble in water with solubility of 2 g/L at 25 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is volatile, with a vapor pressure of 23.2 <a href="/wiki/Millimeters_of_mercury" class="mw-redirect" title="Millimeters of mercury">millimeters of mercury</a> (mmHg) at 25 °C; the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Henry%27s_law" title="Henry's law">Henry's law</a> constant is 0.00251 atmosphere-cubic meter per mole.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Octanol-water_partition_coefficient" title="Octanol-water partition coefficient">octanol-water partition coefficient</a> (<i>K</i><sub>ow</sub>) of chloropicrin is estimated to be 269.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its soil adsorption coefficient (<i>K</i><sub>oc</sub>; normalized to soil organic matter content) is 25 cm<sup>3</sup>/g.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_ExecSum_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_ExecSum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poison">Poison</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Poison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chloropicrin was manufactured for use as <a href="/wiki/Poison_gas_in_World_War_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Poison gas in World War I">poison gas in World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, German forces used concentrated chloropicrin against Allied forces as a <a href="/wiki/Lachrymatory_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachrymatory agent">tear gas</a>. While not as lethal as other chemical weapons, it induced <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a> and forced Allied soldiers to remove their masks to vomit, exposing them to more toxic gases used as weapons during the war.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2024, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> General <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Tarnavskyi" title="Oleksandr Tarnavskyi">Oleksandr Tarnavskyi</a> accused the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> of using chloropicrin <a href="/wiki/Munitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Munitions">munitions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2024, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> also alleged use of chloropicrin by Russian forces in Ukraine, and imposed sanctions against Russian individuals and entities as a response.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In agriculture, chloropicrin is injected into soil prior to planting a crop to <a href="/wiki/Fumigation" title="Fumigation">fumigate</a> soil. Chloropicrin affects a broad spectrum of <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microbes" class="mw-redirect" title="Microbes">microbes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Insects" class="mw-redirect" title="Insects">insects</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fumigant_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fumigant-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is commonly used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination / co-formulation with <a href="/wiki/Methyl_bromide" class="mw-redirect" title="Methyl bromide">methyl bromide</a> and <a href="/wiki/1,3-dichloropropene" class="mw-redirect" title="1,3-dichloropropene">1,3-dichloropropene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fumigant_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fumigant-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-google_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chloropicrin is used as an indicator and repellent when fumigating residences for insects with <a href="/wiki/Sulfuryl_fluoride" title="Sulfuryl fluoride">sulfuryl fluoride</a> which is an odorless gas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Chloropicrin's <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_action" title="Mode of action">mode of action</a> is unknown<sup id="cite_ref-PPDB_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPDB-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Insecticide_Resistance_Action_Committee#Table_of_modes_of_action_and_classes_of_insecticide" title="Insecticide Resistance Action Committee">IRAC</a> MoA 8B).<sup id="cite_ref-IRAC-MoAs-9.4_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRAC-MoAs-9.4-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chloropicrin may stimulate <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weed</a> <a href="/wiki/Germination" title="Germination">germination</a>, which can be useful when quickly followed by a more effective <a href="/wiki/Herbicide" title="Herbicide">herbicide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Martin-2003_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin-2003-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, the US <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</a> re-approved chloropicrin as safe for use in agricultural settings, stating that treatments "can provide benefits to both food consumers and growers. For consumers, it means more fresh fruits and vegetables can be cheaply produced domestically year-round because several severe pest problems can be efficiently controlled."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitPro2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitPro2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To ensure chloropicrin is used safely, the EPA requires a strict set of protections for handlers, workers, and persons living and working in and around farmland during treatments.<sup id="cite_ref-chloro_background_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chloro_background-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitPro2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitPro2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EPA protections were increased in both 2011 and 2012, reducing <a href="/wiki/Fumigant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fumigant">fumigant</a> exposures and significantly improving safety.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitProQuote_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitProQuote-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Protections include the training of certified applicators supervising pesticide application, the use of buffer zones, posting before and during pesticide application, fumigant management plans, and compliance assistance and assurance measures.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Used as a preplant soil treatment measure, chloropicrin suppresses soilborne pathogenic <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Nematodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nematodes">nematodes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Insects" class="mw-redirect" title="Insects">insects</a>. According to chloropicrin manufacturers, with a <a href="/wiki/Half-life" title="Half-life">half-life</a> of hours to days, it is completely digested by soil organisms before the crop is planted, making it safe and efficient.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Contrary to popular belief, chloropicrin does not <a href="/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)" title="Sterilization (microbiology)">sterilize</a> soil and does not <a href="/wiki/Ozone_depletion" title="Ozone depletion">deplete the ozone layer</a>, as the compound is destroyed by sunlight. Additionally, chloropicrin has never been found in <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a>, due to its low solubility.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="California">California</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: California"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, experience with acute effects of chloropicrin when used as a soil fumigant for <a href="/wiki/Strawberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Strawberries">strawberries</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Crops" class="mw-redirect" title="Crops">crops</a> led to the release of regulations in January 2015 creating buffer zones and other precautions to minimize exposure of farm workers, neighbors, and passersby.<sup id="cite_ref-CDPR01615_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDPR01615-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitProQuote2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitProQuote2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At a national level, chloropicrin is regulated in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a> as a restricted use <a href="/wiki/Pesticide" title="Pesticide">pesticide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitPro1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitPro1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of its toxicity and <a href="/wiki/Carcinogen" title="Carcinogen">carcinogenicity</a>, distribution and use of chloropicrin is available only to licensed professionals and specially certified growers who are trained in its proper and safe use.<sup id="cite_ref-DPR_MitPro1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DPR_MitPro1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the US, occupational exposure limits have been set at 0.1 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average.<sup id="cite_ref-cdc_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cdc-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_concentrations">High concentrations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: High concentrations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Chlorpicrin,_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_(OHA_365),_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_(5405373108).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg/220px-%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg/330px-%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg/440px-%22Chlorpicrin%2C_it_smelled_like_flypaper%22_%28OHA_365%29%2C_National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine_%285405373108%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="2381" /></a><figcaption>Gas identification art for chloropicrin</figcaption></figure> <p>Chloropicrin is harmful to humans. It can be absorbed systemically through inhalation, ingestion, and the skin. At high concentrations, it is severely irritating to the lungs, eyes, and skin.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Damage_to_protective_gear">Damage to protective gear</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Damage to protective gear"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chloropicrin and its derivative <a href="/wiki/Phosgene_oxime" title="Phosgene oxime">phosgene oxime</a> have been known to damage or compromise earlier generations of personal protective equipment. Some of the soldiers attacked mentioned a white smoke emerging from their gas masks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trichloronitrosomethane" title="Trichloronitrosomethane">Trichloronitrosomethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrachlorodinitroethane" title="Tetrachlorodinitroethane">Tetrachlorodinitroethane</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropicrin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PGCH-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PGCH_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNIOSH_Pocket_Guide_to_Chemical_Hazards" class="citation web cs1">NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0132.html">"#0132"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%230132&rft.pub=National+Institute+for+Occupational+Safety+and+Health+%28NIOSH%29&rft.au=NIOSH+Pocket+Guide+to+Chemical+Hazards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fnpg%2Fnpgd0132.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IDLH-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDLH_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/76062.html">"Chloropicrin"</a>. <i>Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Immediately+Dangerous+to+Life+or+Health+Concentrations+%28IDLH%29&rft.atitle=Chloropicrin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fidlh%2F76062.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFoulkes2012" class="citation book cs1">Foulkes, C. H. (31 January 2012). <i>"GAS!" – The Story of the Special Brigade</i>. Andrews UK Limited. p. 193.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22GAS%21%22+%E2%80%93+The+Story+of+the+Special+Brigade&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Andrews+UK+Limited&rft.date=2012-01-31&rft.aulast=Foulkes&rft.aufirst=C.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RED_Fact_Sheet-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RED_Fact_Sheet_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/chloropicrin-fs.pdf">"RED Fact Sheet: Chloropicrin"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. US Environmental Protection Agency. 10 July 2008. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.atitle=Imposing+New+Measures+on+Russia+for+its+Full-Scale+War+and+Use+of+Chemical+Weapons+Against+Ukraine&rft.date=2024-05-01&rft.au=Office+of+the+Spokesperson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fimposing-new-measures-on-russia-for-its-full-scale-war-and-use-of-chemical-weapons-against-ukraine-2%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Department%2520of%2520State%2520has%2CChemical%2520Weapons%2520Convention%2520%28CWC%29.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/russia-explosion-head-of-nuclear-defense-forces-killed-9656bce946a9f552454df9debe5fbd18?utm_source=firefox-newtab-en-us">"A top Russian general is killed in a Moscow bombing claimed by Ukraine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated Press News">Associated Press News</a></i>. 2024-12-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press+News&rft.atitle=A+top+Russian+general+is+killed+in+a+Moscow+bombing+claimed+by+Ukraine&rft.date=2024-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Frussia-explosion-head-of-nuclear-defense-forces-killed-9656bce946a9f552454df9debe5fbd18%3Futm_source%3Dfirefox-newtab-en-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarkofsky2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Markofsky, Sheldon B. (2005). "Nitro Compounds, Aliphatic". <i>Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</i>. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nitro+Compounds%2C+Aliphatic&rft.btitle=Ullmann%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Industrial+Chemistry&rft.place=Weinheim&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Markofsky&rft.aufirst=Sheldon+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson1934" class="citation journal cs1">Jackson, Kirby E. 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The controls are intended to reduce risk from acute (short-term) exposures that might occur near fields fumigated with products containing chloropicrin.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Control+Measures+for+Chloropicrin&rft.pub=California+Department+of+Pesticide+Regulation&rft.date=2015-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdpr.ca.gov%2Fdocs%2Fwhs%2Fpdf%2Fcontrol_measures_chloropicrin_summary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DPR_MitProQuote2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DPR_MitProQuote2_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131006220459/http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/pdf/dpr_chloropicrin_mitigation_proposal_and_app_1-3.pdf">"Chloropicrin Mitigation Proposal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2013</span>. <q>The new measures appearing on soil fumigant Phase 2 labels include buffer zones and posting, emergency preparedness and response measures, training for certified applicators supervising applications, Fumigant Management Plans, and notice to State Lead Agencies who wish to be informed of applications in their states.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chloropicrin+Mitigation+Proposal&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Department+of+Pesticide+Regulation+%E2%80%93+California+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.date=2013-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdpr.ca.gov%2Fdocs%2Fwhs%2Fpdf%2Fdpr_chloropicrin_mitigation_proposal_and_app_1-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DPR_MitPro1-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DPR_MitPro1_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DPR_MitPro1_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131006220459/http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/pdf/dpr_chloropicrin_mitigation_proposal_and_app_1-3.pdf">"Chloropicrin Mitigation Proposal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Pesticide Regulation – California Environmental Protection Agency. 15 May 2013. p. 1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/pdf/dpr_chloropicrin_mitigation_proposal_and_app_1-3.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chloropicrin+Mitigation+Proposal&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Department+of+Pesticide+Regulation+%E2%80%93+California+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.date=2013-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdpr.ca.gov%2Fdocs%2Fwhs%2Fpdf%2Fdpr_chloropicrin_mitigation_proposal_and_app_1-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cdc-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cdc_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0132.html">"NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards"</a>. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NIOSH+Pocket+Guide+to+Chemical+Hazards&rft.pub=Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fnpg%2Fnpgd0132.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/EmergencyResponseCard_29750034.html">"Chloropicrin (PS): Lung Damaging Agent"</a>. <i>Emergency Response Safety and Health Database</i>. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. August 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emergency+Response+Safety+and+Health+Database&rft.atitle=Chloropicrin+%28PS%29%3A+Lung+Damaging+Agent&rft.date=2008-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fershdb%2FEmergencyResponseCard_29750034.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChloropicrin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur mustard">Sulfur mustards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_gas" title="Mustard gas">Levinstein mustard</a> (EA-229)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="O-Mustard">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesquimustard" title="Sesquimustard">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Chloroethyl_ethyl_sulfide" title="2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide">CEES</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_mustard" title="Nitrogen mustard">Nitrogen mustards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HN1_(nitrogen_mustard)" title="HN1 (nitrogen mustard)">HN1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlormethine" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nerve_agent#G-Series" title="Nerve agent">G-agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tabun_(nerve_agent)" title="Tabun (nerve agent)">Tabun</a> (GA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarin" title="Sarin">Sarin (GB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorosarin" title="Chlorosarin">Chlorosarin</a> (ClGB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiosarin" title="Thiosarin">Thiosarin</a> (SGB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soman" title="Soman">Soman</a> (GD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorosoman" title="Chlorosoman">Chlorosoman</a> (ClGD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylsarin" title="Ethylsarin">Ethylsarin</a> (GE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GH_(nerve_agent)" title="GH (nerve agent)">GH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclosarin" title="Cyclosarin">Cyclosarin</a> (GF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GP_(nerve_agent)" title="GP (nerve agent)">GP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorotabun" title="Fluorotabun">Fluorotabun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-1356" title="EA-1356">EA-1356</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-4352" title="EA-4352">EA-4352</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotylsarin" title="Crotylsarin">Crotylsarin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nerve_agent#V-Series" title="Nerve agent">V-agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EA-2192" title="EA-2192">EA-2192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3148" title="EA-3148">EA-3148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VE_(nerve_agent)" title="VE (nerve agent)">VE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VG_(nerve_agent)" title="VG (nerve agent)">VG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_(nerve_agent)" title="VM (nerve agent)">VM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexyl_3-pyridyl_methylphosphonate" title="3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexyl 3-pyridyl methylphosphonate">VP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VR_(nerve_agent)" title="VR (nerve agent)">VR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VS_(nerve_agent)" title="VS (nerve agent)">VS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VX_(nerve_agent)" title="VX (nerve agent)">VX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-1763" title="EA-1763">EA-1763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_VX" title="Chinese VX">Chinese VX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-sub_x" title="V-sub x">V-sub x (GD-7)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">GV agents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GV_(nerve_agent)" title="GV (nerve agent)">GV (EA-5365)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Novichok_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Novichok agent">Novichok agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VR_(nerve_agent)" title="VR (nerve agent)">A-208</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-232" title="A-232">A-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-234_(nerve_agent)" title="A-234 (nerve agent)">A-234</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-242" title="A-242">A-242</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-262" title="A-262">A-262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C01-A035" title="C01-A035">C01-A035</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C01-A039" title="C01-A039">C01-A039</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C01-A042" title="C01-A042">C01-A042</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carbamate" title="Carbamate">Carbamates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylcarbamoyl_fluoride" title="Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride">Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3887" title="EA-3887">EA-3887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3887A" class="mw-redirect" title="EA-3887A">EA-3887A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3966" title="EA-3966">EA-3966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3990" title="EA-3990">EA-3990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-4056" title="EA-4056">EA-4056</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1123" title="T-1123">T-1123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1152" title="T-1152">T-1152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1194" title="T-1194">T-1194</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium_bromide)" title="Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)">Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-599" title="TL-599">TL-599</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-1238" title="TL-1238">TL-1238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-1299" class="mw-redirect" title="TL-1299">TL-1299</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-1317" class="mw-redirect" title="TL-1317">TL-1317</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miotine" title="Miotine">Miotine (AR-28/T-1843)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3152_CT" title="3152 CT">3152 CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-686-293-01" title="4-686-293-01">4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropyl_fluorophosphate" title="Diisopropyl fluorophosphate">Diisopropyl fluorophosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicyclohexyl_phosphorofluoridate" title="Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate">Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2012" title="EA-2012">EA-2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2054" title="EA-2054">EA-2054</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2098" title="EA-2098">EA-2098</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2613" title="EA-2613">EA-2613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl_cyclohexyl_methylphosphonate" title="2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate">2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neopentylene_fluorophosphate" title="Neopentylene fluorophosphate">Neopentylene fluorophosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selenophos" title="Selenophos">Selenophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phospholine" class="mw-redirect" title="Phospholine">Phospholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-16661" title="R-16661">R-16661</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_3-0422" title="Ro 3-0422">Ro 3-0422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanesulfonyl_fluoride" title="Methanesulfonyl fluoride">Methanesulfonyl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimefox" title="Dimefox">Dimefox (TL-792)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSPI_(nerve_agent)" title="MSPI (nerve agent)">MSPI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetonitrile" title="Acetonitrile">Acetonitrile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenic_trichloride" title="Arsenic trichloride">AT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenic_trioxide" title="Arsenic trioxide">ATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_phosphide" title="Aluminium phosphide">AlP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnear%E2%80%93Perren_reaction" title="Kinnear–Perren reaction">A.P.C. complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorosarin" title="Chlorosarin">Chlorosarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorosoman" title="Chlorosoman">Chlorosoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclohexanol" title="Cyclohexanol">Cyclohexanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,8-Dibromooctane" title="1,8-Dibromooctane">1,8-Dibromooctane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol" title="N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol">N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol</a> (KB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropyl_methylphosphonate" title="Diisopropyl methylphosphonate">EA-1250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropylphosphite" title="Diisopropylphosphite">DIHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ZS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethylphosphite" title="Diethylphosphite">DEHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyl_methylphosphonate" title="Dimethyl methylphosphonate">EA-1224</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylamidophosphoric_dichloride" title="Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride">Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylamidophosphoric_dicyanide" title="Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide">Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylphosphite" title="Dimethylphosphite">DMHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylphosphonoselenoic_dichloride" title="Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride">Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formaldoxime" title="Formaldoxime">Formaldoxime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulminic_acid" title="Fulminic acid">Nital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Hydroxycoumarin" title="4-Hydroxycoumarin">4-Hydroxycoumarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isopropyl_alcohol" title="Isopropyl alcohol">Isopropyl alcohol</a> (TB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyldichlorophosphine" title="Methyldichlorophosphine">Methyldichlorophosphine</a> (SW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylphosphonyl_difluoride" title="Methylphosphonyl difluoride">Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro)</a> (DF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylphosphonyl_dichloride" title="Methylphosphonyl dichloride">Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitromethane" title="Nitromethane">Nitromethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPA_mixture" title="OPA mixture">OPA mixture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphoryl_chloride" title="Phosphoryl chloride">Phosphoryl chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_pentachloride" title="Phosphorus pentachloride">Phosphorus pentachloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_trichloride" title="Phosphorus trichloride">Phosphorus trichloride</a> (TH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacolone" title="Pinacolone">Pinacolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacolyl_alcohol" title="Pinacolyl alcohol">Pinacolyl alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenacyl_chloride" title="Phenacyl chloride">Phenacyl chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QL_(chemical)" title="QL (chemical)">QL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,4,5-Trichlorophenol" title="2,4,5-Trichlorophenol">2,4,5-Trichlorophenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol" title="3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol">3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triethyl_phosphite" title="Triethyl phosphite">Triethyl phosphite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimethyl_phosphite" title="Trimethyl phosphite">Trimethyl phosphite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thionyl_chloride" title="Thionyl chloride">TC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiodiglycol" title="Thiodiglycol">TG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neurotoxin" title="Neurotoxin">Neurotoxins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatoxin-a" title="Anatoxin-a">Anatoxin-a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxitoxin" title="Saxitoxin">Saxitoxin</a> (TZ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coniine" title="Coniine">Coniine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungarotoxin" title="Bungarotoxin">Bungarotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin" title="Botulinum toxin">Botulinum toxin</a> (BTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetanospasmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetanospasmin">Tetanospasmin</a> (TeNT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryanodine" title="Ryanodine">Ryanodine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciguatoxin" title="Ciguatoxin">Ciguatoxin</a> (CTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanitoxin" title="Guanitoxin">Guanitoxin</a> (GTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophenylsilatrane" title="Chlorophenylsilatrane">Chlorophenylsilatrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palytoxin" title="Palytoxin">Palytoxin</a> (PTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitotoxin" title="Maitotoxin">Maitotoxin</a> (MTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrodotoxin" title="Tetrodotoxin">Tetrodotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veratridine" title="Veratridine">Veratridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aconitine" title="Aconitine">Aconitine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brevetoxin" title="Brevetoxin">Brevetoxin</a> (PbTX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strychnine" title="Strychnine">Strychnine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antillatoxin" title="Antillatoxin">Antillatoxin</a> (ATX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetraethyllead" title="Tetraethyllead">Tetraethyllead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylmercury" title="Dimethylmercury">Dimethylmercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HN1_(nitrogen_mustard)" title="HN1 (nitrogen mustard)">HN1 hydrochloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HN2" class="mw-redirect" title="HN2">HN2 hydrochloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine">HN3 hydrochloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDPN_(chemical)" title="IDPN (chemical)">A-8564</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picrotoxin" title="Picrotoxin">Picrotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelsemine" title="Gelsemine">Gelsemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfuryl_fluoride" title="Sulfuryl fluoride">Sulfuryl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremorine" title="Tremorine">Tremorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxotremorine" title="Oxotremorine">Oxotremorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batrachotoxin" title="Batrachotoxin">Batrachotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine" title="Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine">Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicyclic_phosphate" title="Bicyclic phosphate">Bicyclic phosphates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPTBO" title="IPTBO">IPTBO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBPO" title="TBPO">TBPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBPS" title="TBPS">TBPS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloflubicyne" title="Cloflubicyne">Cloflubicyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimethylolpropane_phosphite" title="Trimethylolpropane phosphite">Trimethylolpropane phosphite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_agent" title="Pulmonary agent">Pulmonary/<br />choking agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">Chlorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine">Bromine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosgene" title="Phosgene">Phosgene</a> (CG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorine" title="Fluorine">Fluorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfluoroisobutene" title="Perfluoroisobutene">Perfluoroisobutene</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chloropicrin</a> (PS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine" title="Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine">Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphosgene" title="Diphosgene">Diphosgene</a> (DP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disulfur_decafluoride" title="Disulfur decafluoride">Disulfur decafluoride</a> (Z)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrolein" title="Acrolein">Acrolein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_bromoacetate" title="Ethyl bromoacetate">Ethyl bromoacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchloromethyl_mercaptan" class="mw-redirect" title="Perchloromethyl mercaptan">Perchloromethyl mercaptan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenylcarbylamine_chloride" title="Phenylcarbylamine chloride">Phenylcarbylamine chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetranitromethane" title="Tetranitromethane">Tetranitromethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrachlorodinitroethane" title="Tetrachlorodinitroethane">Tetrachlorodinitroethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorine_trifluoride" title="Chlorine trifluoride">Chlorine trifluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchloryl_fluoride" title="Perchloryl fluoride">Perchloryl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmium_oxide" title="Cadmium oxide">Cadmium oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmium_chloride" title="Cadmium chloride">Cadmium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury(II)_chloride" title="Mercury(II) chloride">Mercuric chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selenium_dioxide" title="Selenium dioxide">Selenium dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selenoyl_fluoride" title="Selenoyl fluoride">Selenoyl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifluoronitrosomethane" title="Trifluoronitrosomethane">Trifluoronitrosomethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichloronitrosomethane" title="Trichloronitrosomethane">Trichloronitrosomethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitric_oxide" title="Nitric oxide">Nitric oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_dioxide" title="Nitrogen dioxide">Nitrogen dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinitrogen_tetroxide" title="Dinitrogen tetroxide">Dinitrogen tetroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dioxide" title="Sulfur dioxide">Sulfur dioxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus_trichloride" title="Phosphorus trichloride">Phosphorus trichloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_isocyanate" title="Methyl isocyanate">Methyl isocyanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethenone" title="Ethenone">Ethenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_vinyl_ketone" title="Methyl vinyl ketone">Methyl vinyl ketone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifluoroacetyl_chloride" title="Trifluoroacetyl chloride">Trifluoroacetyl chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salcomine" title="Salcomine">Salcomine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluomine" title="Fluomine">Fluomine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranium_hexafluoride" title="Uranium hexafluoride">Uranium hexafluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diborane" title="Diborane">Diborane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Cross_(chemical_warfare)" title="Green Cross (chemical warfare)">Green Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vomiting_agent" title="Vomiting agent">Vomiting agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamsite" title="Adamsite">Adamsite</a> (DM)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chloropicrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litharge" title="Litharge">Litharge</a>-<a href="/wiki/Glycerine" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycerine">glycerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenylchlorarsine" title="Diphenylchlorarsine">Diphenylchlorarsine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenylcyanoarsine" title="Diphenylcyanoarsine">Diphenylcyanoarsine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodyl_cyanide" title="Cacodyl cyanide">Cacodyl cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Dianisidine" title="O-Dianisidine">o-Dianisidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimony_potassium_tartrate" title="Antimony potassium tartrate">Antimony potassium tartrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobeline" title="Lobeline">Lobeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Incapacitating_agent" title="Incapacitating agent">Incapacitating<br />agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3-Quinuclidinyl_benzilate" title="3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate">BZ</a> (CS-4030)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apomorphine" title="Apomorphine">Apomorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyrophenone" title="Butyrophenone">Butyrophenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etonitazene" title="Etonitazene">EA-4941</a> (CS-4640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etorphine" title="Etorphine">Etorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benactyzine" title="Benactyzine">EA-2092</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditran" title="Ditran">CS-4297</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoxadrol" title="Etoxadrol">Etoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylheptylpyran" title="Dimethylheptylpyran">Dimethylheptylpyran</a> (DMHP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canbisol" title="Canbisol">Canbisol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">EA-2148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3167" title="EA-3167">EA-3167</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3443" title="EA-3443">EA-3443</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methaqualone" title="Methaqualone">Methaqualone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3580" title="EA-3580">EA-3580</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3834" title="EA-3834">EA-3834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolokol-1" title="Kolokol-1">Kolokol-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAVA_spray" title="PAVA spray">PAVA spray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psilocybin" title="Psilocybin">Psilocybin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incapacitating_agent#Sleeping_gas" title="Incapacitating agent">Sleeping gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carfentanil" title="Carfentanil">Carfentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl_benzilate" title="N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate">JB-318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-3-piperidyl_benzilate" title="N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate">JB-336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CS-27349" title="CS-27349">CS-27349</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-226,086" title="CAR-226,086">CAR-226,086</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-301,060" title="CAR-301,060">CAR-301,060</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,196" title="CAR-302,196">CAR-302,196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,282" title="CAR-302,282">CAR-302,282</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,668" title="CAR-302,668">CAR-302,668</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benperidol" title="Benperidol">Benperidol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desflurane" title="Desflurane">Desflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bufotenin" title="Bufotenin">Bufotenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentazocine" title="Pentazocine">Pentazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procarbazine" title="Procarbazine">Procarbazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluphenazine" title="Fluphenazine">Fluphenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpromazine" title="Chlorpromazine">Chlorpromazine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">Lachrymatory<br />agents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xylyl_bromide" title="Xylyl bromide">Xylyl bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">Pepper spray</a> (OC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_(spray)" title="Mace (spray)">Mace (spray)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorbol_esters" title="Phorbol esters">Phorbol esters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenol_mebutate" title="Ingenol mebutate">Ingenol mebutate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resiniferatoxin" title="Resiniferatoxin">RTX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenacyl_chloride" title="Phenacyl chloride">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CR_gas" title="CR gas">CR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNS_(chemical_weapon)" title="CNS (chemical weapon)">CNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzyl_chloride" title="Benzyl chloride">Benzyl chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzyl_bromide" title="Benzyl bromide">Benzyl bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzyl_iodide" title="Benzyl iodide">Benzyl iodide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromobenzyl_cyanide" title="Bromobenzyl cyanide">Bromobenzyl cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiophosgene" title="Thiophosgene">Thiophosgene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroacetone" title="Chloroacetone">Chloroacetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromoacetone" title="Bromoacetone">Bromoacetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromomethyl_ethyl_ketone" title="Bromomethyl ethyl ketone">Bromomethyl ethyl ketone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrolein" title="Acrolein">Acrolein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenacyl_bromide" title="Phenacyl bromide">Phenacyl bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroacetophenone_oxime" title="Chloroacetophenone oxime">Chloroacetophenone oxime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_bromoacetate" title="Ethyl bromoacetate">Ethyl bromoacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_iodoacetate" title="Ethyl iodoacetate">Ethyl iodoacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iodoacetone" title="Iodoacetone">Iodoacetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allyl_isothiocyanate" title="Allyl isothiocyanate">Allyl isothiocyanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexamethylene_diisocyanate" title="Hexamethylene diisocyanate">Hexamethylene diisocyanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotonaldehyde" title="Crotonaldehyde">Crotonaldehyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croton_oil" title="Croton oil">Croton oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRC-5593" title="DRC-5593">DRC-5593</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malodorant" title="Malodorant">Malodorant</a> agents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thioacetone" title="Thioacetone">Thioacetone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allicin" title="Allicin">Allicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skatole" title="Skatole">Skatole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadaverine" title="Cadaverine">Cadaverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrescine" title="Putrescine">Putrescine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cornea-clouding agents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewisite" title="Lewisite">Lewisite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosgene_oxime" title="Phosgene oxime">CX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KB-16" title="KB-16">KB-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_cyanoacrylate" title="Methyl cyanoacrylate">Methyl cyanoacrylate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methylmorpholine" title="N-Methylmorpholine">N-Methylmorpholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allyl_alcohol" title="Allyl alcohol">Allyl alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmium_tetroxide" title="Osmium tetroxide">Osmium tetroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrolein" title="Acrolein">Acrolein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacodyl_cyanide" title="Cacodyl cyanide">Cacodyl cyanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diglycolic_acid" title="Diglycolic acid">Diglycolic acid esters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biological toxins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrin" title="Abrin">Abrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aconitine" title="Aconitine">Aconitine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid" title="Cyclopiazonic acid">Cyclopiazonic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histrionicotoxins" title="Histrionicotoxins">Histrionicotoxins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aflatoxins" class="mw-redirect" title="Aflatoxins">Aflatoxins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoxin-a" title="Anatoxin-a">Anatoxin-a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batrachotoxin" title="Batrachotoxin">Batrachotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin" title="Botulinum toxin">Botulinum toxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brevetoxin" title="Brevetoxin">Brevetoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciguatoxin" title="Ciguatoxin">Ciguatoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterotoxin_type_B" title="Enterotoxin type B">Enterotoxin type B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayanotoxin" title="Grayanotoxin">Grayanotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanitoxin" title="Guanitoxin">Guanitoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitotoxin" title="Maitotoxin">Maitotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modeccin" title="Modeccin">Modeccin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palytoxin" title="Palytoxin">Palytoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricin" title="Ricin">Ricin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxitoxin" title="Saxitoxin">Saxitoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiga_toxin" title="Shiga toxin">Shiga toxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-2_mycotoxin" title="T-2 mycotoxin">T-2 mycotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetanospasmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetanospasmin">Tetanospasmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrodotoxin" title="Tetrodotoxin">Tetrodotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkensin" title="Volkensin">Volkensin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veratridine" title="Veratridine">Veratridine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tumor promoting agents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phorbol_esters" title="Phorbol esters">Phorbol esters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate" title="12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate">12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croton_oil" title="Croton oil">Croton oil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_fluoroacetate" title="Methyl fluoroacetate">Methyl fluoroacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napalm" title="Napalm">Napalm</a> (variants and mixtures)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluoroethyl_fluoroacetate" title="Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate">Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depleted_uranium" title="Depleted uranium">Depleted uranium</a> <ul><li>post-combustion <a href="/wiki/Uranium_oxide" title="Uranium oxide">uranium oxides</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plutonium_compounds" title="Plutonium compounds">its compounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_phosphorus_munitions" class="mw-redirect" title="White phosphorus munitions">White phosphorus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chemical_warfare_agents" title="List of chemical warfare agents">List of chemical warfare agents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB_military_symbol" title="CB military symbol">CB military symbol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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