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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Conrad III</b> (25 March 1252 – 29 October 1268), called <i>the Younger</i> or <i>the Boy</i>, but usually known by the diminutive <b>Conradin</b> (German: <i lang="de">Konradin</i>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Corradino</i>), was the last direct heir of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenstaufen" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Hohenstaufen">House of Hohenstaufen</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Swabia" title="Duke of Swabia">Duke of Swabia</a> (1254–1268) and nominal <a href="/wiki/King_of_Jerusalem" title="King of Jerusalem">King of Jerusalem</a> (1254–1268) and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sicily">Sicily</a> (1254–1258). After <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tagliacozzo" title="Battle of Tagliacozzo">his attempt to reclaim the Kingdom of Sicily for the Hohenstaufen dynasty failed</a>, he was captured and beheaded. </p><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Conradin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Konradin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Konradin.jpg/220px-Konradin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Konradin.jpg/330px-Konradin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Konradin.jpg/440px-Konradin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="1432"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><i>King Conrad the Younger</i>, from the<br><a href="/wiki/Codex_Manesse" title="Codex Manesse">Codex Manesse</a> (Folio 7r), <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1304</span></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Jerusalem" title="King of Jerusalem">King of Jerusalem</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">21 May 1254 – 29 October 1268</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_III_of_Cyprus" title="Hugh III of Cyprus">Hugh I</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sicily">King of Sicily</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">21 May 1254 – 1258</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manfred_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred of Sicily">Manfred of Sicily</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Swabia" title="Duke of Swabia">Duke of Swabia</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">21 May 1254 – 29 October 1268</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf II, Duke of Austria">Rudolph II of Austria</a> (titular)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">25 March 1252<br>Wolfstein Castle near <a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Bavaria" title="History of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">29 October 1268<span style="display:none">(1268-10-29)</span> (aged 16)<br><a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Carmine_(Naples)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Maria del Carmine (Naples)">Basilica di Santa Maria del Carmine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenstaufen" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad IV of Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Bavaria_(1227%E2%80%931273)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elisabeth of Bavaria (1227–1273)">Elisabeth of Bavaria</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_childhood"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early childhood</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Political_and_military_career"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Political and military career</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Legacy"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Legacy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#In_literature"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">In literature</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Early_childhood">Early childhood</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early childhood" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Conradin was born in <a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Wolfstein</a>, Bavaria, to <a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad IV of Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Bavaria,_Queen_of_Germany" title="Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany">Elisabeth of Bavaria</a>. Though he never succeeded his father as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">Roman-German king</a>, he was recognized as king of Sicily and Jerusalem by supporters of the <a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufens</a> in 1254. </p><p>Having lost his father in 1254, he grew up at the court of his uncle and guardian, <a href="/wiki/Louis_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Louis II, Duke of Bavaria">Louis II, Duke of Bavaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His guardians were able to hold <a href="/wiki/Swabia" title="Swabia">Swabia</a> for him. Jerusalem was held by a relative from the royal house of <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> as regent. In <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>, his father's half-brother <a href="/wiki/Manfred_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred of Sicily">Manfred</a> continued as regent, but began to develop plans to <a href="/wiki/Usurper" title="Usurper">usurp</a> the kingship. </p><p>Little is known of his appearance and character except that he was as "beautiful as <a href="/wiki/Absalom" title="Absalom">Absalom</a>, and spoke good <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although his father had entrusted him to the guardianship of the church, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_IV" title="Pope Alexander IV">Pope Alexander IV</a> forbade Conradin's election as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">Roman-German king</a> and offered the Hohenstaufen lands in Germany to King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X of Castile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benjamin2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Political_and_military_career">Political and military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political and military career" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Having assumed the title of <a href="/wiki/King_of_Jerusalem" title="King of Jerusalem">King of Jerusalem</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sicily">Sicily</a>, Conradin took possession of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Swabia" title="Duchy of Swabia">Duchy of Swabia</a> in 1262, and remained for some time in his duchy.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conradin's first invitation to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> came from the <a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>: they asked him to take arms against Manfred, who had been crowned <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">king of Sicily</a> in 1258 on a false rumor of Conradin's death. Louis refused this invitation on his nephew's behalf. In 1266 count <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I of Naples">Charles I of Anjou</a>, called by the new pope <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_IV" title="Pope Clement IV">Clement IV</a>, defeated and killed Manfred at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benevento" title="Battle of Benevento">Benevento</a>, taking possession of southern Italy: envoys from the <a href="/wiki/Ghibelline" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghibelline">Ghibelline</a> cities went then to Bavaria and urged Conradin to come and free Italy. Count Guido de Montefeltro representing <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Castile_the_Senator" title="Henry of Castile the Senator">Henry of Castile</a>, Senator of Rome, offered him the support of the eternal city. Pledging his lands, Conradin crossed the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> and issued a manifesto at <a href="/wiki/Verona,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Verona, Italy">Verona</a> setting forth his claim on Sicily.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Notwithstanding the defection of his uncle Louis and of other companions who returned to Germany, the threats of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_IV" title="Pope Clement IV">Clement IV</a>, and a lack of funds, his cause seemed to prosper.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proclaiming him King of Sicily, his partisans, among them Prince Henry of Castile, both in the north and south of Italy took up arms. Rome received his envoy with enthusiasm; and the young king himself received welcomes at <a href="/wiki/Pavia" title="Pavia">Pavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pisa" title="Pisa">Pisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siena" title="Siena">Siena</a>. In September 1267 a Spanish fleet under <a href="/wiki/Frederick_of_Castile" title="Frederick of Castile">Frederick of Castile</a>, and a number of knights from Pisa, and Spanish knights soldiering from Tunis, disembarked in the Sicilian city of <a href="/wiki/Sciacca" title="Sciacca">Sciacca</a>, and most of the island rebelled against the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Anjou" title="County of Anjou">Angevin</a> rule. Only <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messina</a> remained loyal to Charles. The revolt spread to <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>. In November of the same year the Pope <a href="/wiki/Excommunication" title="Excommunication">excommunicated</a> him. His fleet won a victory over that of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Anjou" title="Charles I of Anjou">Charles I of Anjou</a>, and in July 1268, Conradin himself entered Rome to a great and popular reception. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg/220px-Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="768"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 173px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg/220px-Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="173" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg/330px-Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg/440px-Enthauptung_Konradins.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Execution of Conradin by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Villani" title="Giovanni Villani">Giovanni Villani</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Nuova_Cronica" title="Nuova Cronica">Nuova Cronica</a></i>, 14th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Having strengthened his forces, he marched towards <a href="/wiki/Lucera" title="Lucera">Lucera</a> to join the <a href="/wiki/Saracen" title="Saracen">Saracen</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> troops settled there since the time of his grandfather. On 23 August 1268 his multinational army of Italian, Spanish, Roman, Arab and German troops encountered that of Charles at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tagliacozzo" title="Battle of Tagliacozzo">Tagliacozzo</a>, in a hilly area of central Italy. The eagerness of Conradin's forces, notably that of the Spanish knights led by Infante Henry of Castile who mounted a triumphant charge and captured the Angevin banner, initially appeared to have secured victory. But their inability to see through Charles' <a href="/wiki/Ruse_de_guerre" title="Ruse de guerre">ruse</a> allowed the latter to ultimately emerge victorious once the elite of his army, the veteran French knights he had hidden behind a hill, entered the battle to the surprise of the enemy. Escaping from the field of battle, Conradin reached Rome, but acting on advice to leave the city he proceeded to <a href="/wiki/Torre_Astura" title="Torre Astura">Astura</a> in an attempt to sail for <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>. However, upon reaching his destination he was arrested and handed over to Charles, who imprisoned him in the <a href="/wiki/Castel_dell%27Ovo" title="Castel dell'Ovo">Castel dell'Ovo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, together with the inseparable <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Margrave_of_Baden" title="Frederick I, Margrave of Baden">Frederick of Baden</a>. On 29 October 1268 Conradin and Frederick were beheaded.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benjamin2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corradino_Statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Corradino_Statue.jpg/220px-Corradino_Statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Corradino_Statue.jpg/220px-Corradino_Statue.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Corradino_Statue.jpg/330px-Corradino_Statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Corradino_Statue.jpg/440px-Corradino_Statue.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Memorial by <a href="/wiki/Bertel_Thorvaldsen" title="Bertel Thorvaldsen">Thorvaldsen</a></figcaption></figure> <p>With Conradin's death at 16, the direct (male) line of the <a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen dynasty</a> became extinct.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His remains, with those of Frederick of Baden, lie in the church of the monastery of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Carmine,_Naples" title="Santa Maria del Carmine, Naples">Our Lady of Mt. Carmel</a> at <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, founded by his mother for the good of his soul; and here in 1847 <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian II of Bavaria">Maximilian</a>, crown prince of Bavaria, erected a marble statue by <a href="/wiki/Bertel_Thorvaldsen" title="Bertel Thorvaldsen">Bertel Thorvaldsen</a> to his memory. In the 14th-century <i><a href="/wiki/Codex_Manesse" title="Codex Manesse">Codex Manesse</a></i>, a collection of <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> German lyrics, preserved at <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, there appear two songs written by Conradin, and his fate has formed the subject of several dramas.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His hereditary Kingdom of Jerusalem passed to the heirs of his great-great-grandmother <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Jerusalem" title="Isabella I of Jerusalem">Isabella I of Jerusalem</a>, among whom a succession dispute arose. The senior heir in primogeniture was <a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Brienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh of Brienne">Hugh of Brienne</a>, a second cousin of Conradin's father, but another second cousin <a href="/wiki/Hugh_III_of_Cyprus" title="Hugh III of Cyprus">Hugh III of Cyprus</a> already held the office of regent and managed to keep the kingdom as Hugh I of Jerusalem. Conradin's grandmother's first cousin <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary of Antioch">Mary of Antioch</a> also staked her claim on basis of <a href="/wiki/Proximity_of_blood" title="Proximity of blood">proximity of blood</a>, which she later sold to Conradin's executioner <a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Anjou" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles of Anjou">Charles of Anjou</a>. </p><p>According to a strict sense of legitimacy,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the general heiress of his Kingdom of Sicily and the Duchy of Swabia was his aunt <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Sicily" title="Margaret of Sicily">Margaret</a>, half-sister of his father Conrad IV (the youngest but only surviving child of Frederick II and his third wife, Isabella of England) and married with <a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Albert II, Margrave of Meissen">Albert, Landgrave of Thuringia</a> since 1255. Their son <a href="/wiki/Frederick_of_Meissen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick of Meissen">Frederick</a> claimed Sicily and Swabia on her right. </p><p>However, these claims met with little favor. Swabia, pawned by Conradin before his last expedition, was disintegrating as a territorial unit. He went unrecognized in Outremer, and Charles of Anjou was deeply entrenched in power in Southern Italy. Margrave Frederick proposed an invasion of Italy in 1269, and attracted some support from the Lombard Ghibellines, but his plans were never carried out, and he played no further part in Italian affairs. </p><p>Finally, Sicily passed to Charles of Anjou, but the <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Vespers" title="Sicilian Vespers">Sicilian Vespers</a> in 1282 resulted in dual claims on the Kingdom; the Aragonese heirs of Manfred retaining the island of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Capetian_House_of_Anjou" title="Capetian House of Anjou">Angevin</a> party retaining the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, popularly called the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benjamin2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="In_literature">In literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In literature" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Conradin was the subject of artistic interpretation in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Several paintings and works of literature, especially poetry, depicted his military campaign and his execution. <a href="/wiki/Felicia_Hemans" title="Felicia Hemans">Felicia Hemans</a>, best known for "The boy stood on the burning deck", wrote in 1824 "The Death of Conradin". <a href="/wiki/Charles_Swain_(poet)" title="Charles Swain (poet)">Charles Swain</a> wrote "Conradin" in 1832, a poem which inspired the first of "Three Tone Poems for Solo Piano" by Justin Henry Rubin.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Conradin : a philosophical ballad</i> was written by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Robert_Ashbee" title="Charles Robert Ashbee">C. R. Ashbee</a>, dedicated to his patron and friend <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Shaw-Hellier" title="Thomas Shaw-Hellier">Colonel Shaw Hellier</a>, and published in 1908 by Essex House Press, "one of the most significant private presses at work during the <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement" title="Arts and Crafts movement">Arts and Crafts movement</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The novel <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5lev_lipp" title="Põlev lipp">Põlev lipp</a></i> (<i>The Burning Banner</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ristikivi" title="Karl Ristikivi">Karl Ristikivi</a> (1961; in <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>) depicts Conradin's Italian campaign. A translation into the French by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Pascal_Ollivry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Pascal Ollivry (page does not exist)">Jean Pascal Ollivry</a> <a class="external autonumber" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Pascal_Ollivry">[1]</a>, entitled <i>L'étendard en flammes</i>, was published in Paris in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">After Conradin's demise, the remaining members of the <a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Staufer dynasty</a> were his half-aunts Margaret and <a href="/wiki/Anna_of_Hohenstaufen" title="Anna of Hohenstaufen">Anna</a> and the offspring of his-uncle <a href="/wiki/Manfred,_King_of_Sicily" title="Manfred, King of Sicily">Manfred</a>. Both Anna and Manfred were the children of Frederick II by his mistress and fourth wife, <a href="/wiki/Bianca_Lancia" title="Bianca Lancia">Bianca Lancia</a>. However, despite being born out of wedlock, they were legitimised by the posterior marriage of their parents on their mother's deathbed (which is attested in at least two medieval sources, the <i>Chronicles of</i> <a href="/wiki/Salimbene_di_Adam" title="Salimbene di Adam">Salimbene di Adam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Paris" title="Matthew Paris">Mathew of Paris</a>). This means that upon the deaths of Margaret in 1270 and Anna in 1307, Manfred's issue were the only ones who could have claimed dynastic rights to the House of Hohenstaufen, whose last member was indeed his son, Henry [Enrico], deceased on 31 October 1318 (as referenced by source n. 5).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Despite the fact that he usurped his nephew's crown, if <a href="/wiki/Manfred,_King_of_Sicily" title="Manfred, King of Sicily">Manfred</a> is deemed legitimate, his sons and after them the offspring of his eldest daughter would have been Conradin's natural successors in Sicily and Swabia.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Conradin" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Conradin">Conradin</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 968–969.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conradin&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=968-969&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Benjamin2010-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benjamin2010_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandra_Benjamin2010" class="citation book cs1">Sandra Benjamin (20 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dOpFBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT292"><i>Sicily: Three Thousand Years of Human History - 7 - Hohenstaufens</i></a>. Steerforth Press. pp. 292–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58642-181-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58642-181-6"><bdi>978-1-58642-181-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sicily%3A+Three+Thousand+Years+of+Human+History+-+7+-+Hohenstaufens&rft.pages=292-&rft.pub=Steerforth+Press&rft.date=2010-04-20&rft.isbn=978-1-58642-181-6&rft.au=Sandra+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdOpFBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Kleinhenz2004" class="citation book cs1">Christopher Kleinhenz (2 August 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E2CTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT278"><i>Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Routledge. p. 247. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94880-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94880-1"><bdi>978-1-135-94880-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Italy%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=247&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-08-02&rft.isbn=978-1-135-94880-1&rft.au=Christopher+Kleinhenz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE2CTAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLukas_Strehle2011" class="citation book cs1">Lukas Strehle (19 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grin.com/document/180488"><i>Die Hinrichtung Konradins von Hohenstaufen – Reaktionen der Zeitgenossen und Rezeption der Nachwelt</i></a>. Grin<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Hinrichtung+Konradins+von+Hohenstaufen+%E2%80%93+Reaktionen+der+Zeitgenossen+und+Rezeption+der+Nachwelt&rft.pub=Grin&rft.date=2011-10-19&rft.au=Lukas+Strehle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grin.com%2Fdocument%2F180488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Gregorovius" title="Ferdinand Gregorovius">Gregorovius, Ferdinand</a> (2010) [1897], <i>History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages</i>, Vol. 5, Part 2, Cambridge University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.d.umn.edu/~jrubin1/pJHR%20Three%20Tone%20Poems%20piano.pdf">https://www.d.umn.edu/~jrubin1/pJHR%20Three%20Tone%20Poems%20piano.pdf</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.d.umn.edu%2F~jrubin1%2FpJHR%2520Three%2520Tone%2520Poems%2520piano.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConservation" class="citation web cs1">Conservation, Icon-The Institute of. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.conservationregister.com/case-studies/assessment-of-the-essex-house-press-collection-court-barn-museum/">"Assessment of The Essex House Press collection, Court Barn Museum"</a>. <i>Icon - The Institute of Conservation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Icon+-+The+Institute+of+Conservation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+The+Essex+House+Press+collection%2C+Court+Barn+Museum&rft.aulast=Conservation&rft.aufirst=Icon-The+Institute+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationregister.com%2Fcase-studies%2Fassessment-of-the-essex-house-press-collection-court-barn-museum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConradin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Ristikivi" title="Karl Ristikivi">Karl Ristikivi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.passiondulivre.com/livre-17185-l-etendard-en-flammes.htm">L'étendard en flammes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605223336/http://www.passiondulivre.com/livre-17185-l-etendard-en-flammes.htm">Archived</a> 5 June 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Traduit de l'estonien par Jean Pascal Ollivry. Paris: Alvik, 2005.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li>F. W. Schirrmacher, <i>Die letzten Hohenstaufen</i> (Göttingen, 1871)</li> <li>K. Hampe, <i>Geschichte Konradins von Hohenstaufen</i> (Berlin, 1893)</li> <li>del Giudice, <i>Il Giudizio e la condanna di Corradino</i> (Naples, 1876)</li> <li>G. Cattaneo, <i>Federico II di Svevia</i> (Rome, 1992)</li> <li>E. Miller, <i>Konradin von Hohenstaufen</i> (Berlin, 1897)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sicily">King of Sicily</a> </b><br>1254–1258<br><i>with <a href="/wiki/Manfred_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred of Sicily">Manfred</a></i> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manfred_of_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred of Sicily">Manfred</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Jerusalem" title="King of Jerusalem">King of Jerusalem</a> </b><br>1254–1268 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_III_of_Cyprus" title="Hugh III of Cyprus">Hugh III</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Swabia" title="Duke of Swabia">Duke of Swabia</a> </b><br>1254–1268 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Duchy disintegrated </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conradin&oldid=1252408241">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conradin&oldid=1252408241</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Conradin&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Monkbot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1729491587"> <span>Last edited on 21 October 2024, at 06:19</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كونرادين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كونرادين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Конрадин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конрадин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konrad_II,_kralj_Sicilije" title="Konrad II, kralj Sicilije – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Konrad II, kralj Sicilije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad%C3%AD_de_Sic%C3%ADlia" title="Conradí de Sicília – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Conradí de Sicília" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Κορραδίνος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κορραδίνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradino_de_Hohenstaufen" title="Conradino de Hohenstaufen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Conradino de Hohenstaufen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradino_Hohenstaufengoa" title="Konradino Hohenstaufengoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konradino Hohenstaufengoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88" title="کنرادینو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنرادینو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradin" title="Conradin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Conradin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradino" title="Conradino – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Conradino" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%98%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%98" title="콘라딘 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콘라딘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Կոնրադին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոնրադին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corradino_di_Svevia" title="Corradino di Svevia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corradino di Svevia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D" title="קונראד השלישי, מלך ירושלים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קונראד השלישי, מלך ירושלים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konr%C4%81d%C4%ABns" title="Konrādīns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Konrādīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Konr%C3%A1d_jeruzs%C3%A1lemi_kir%C3%A1ly" title="III. Konrád jeruzsálemi király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="III. Konrád jeruzsálemi király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كونرادين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كونرادين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradin" title="Conradin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Conradin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradijn" title="Konradijn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Konradijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%A9%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E" title="コッラディーノ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コッラディーノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradyn_(ksi%C4%85%C5%BC%C4%99_Szwabii)" title="Konradyn (książę Szwabii) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konradyn (książę Szwabii)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradino_da_Germ%C3%A2nia" title="Conradino da Germânia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conradino da Germânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conradin_de_Hohenstaufen" title="Conradin de Hohenstaufen – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Conradin de Hohenstaufen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Конрадин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конрадин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curradinu_di_Hohenstaufen" title="Curradinu di Hohenstaufen – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Curradinu di Hohenstaufen" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Конрадин – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Конрадин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konradin" title="Konradin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Konradin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Конрадін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конрадін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81" title="康拉丁 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="康拉丁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 October 2024, at 06:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless 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