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href="https://www.facebook.com/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук страница</span></a></li><li id="n-Фейсбук-група" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук група</span></a></li><li id="n-🎮-Дискорд" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4"><span>🎮 Дискорд</span></a></li><li id="n-Телеграм" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC"><span>Телеграм</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IRC"><span>IRC</span></a></li><li id="n-GitHub" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://github.com/wikimedia-bg" rel="nofollow"><span>GitHub</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Биография" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Биография"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Биография</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Биография-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Биография</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Биография-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ранен_живот_и_образование" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ранен_живот_и_образование"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ранен живот и образование</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ранен_живот_и_образование-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ранна_научна_дейност" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ранна_научна_дейност"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ранна научна дейност</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ранна_научна_дейност-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Социален_реформатор" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Социален_реформатор"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Социален реформатор</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Социален_реформатор-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Наука_за_благото_на_обществото" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наука_за_благото_на_обществото"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Наука за благото на обществото</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наука_за_благото_на_обществото-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спонсорство_на_науките" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спонсорство_на_науките"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Спонсорство на науките</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спонсорство_на_науките-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ферм_женерал_и_брак" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ферм_женерал_и_брак"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Ферм женерал и брак</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ферм_женерал_и_брак-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Борба_с_черния_пазар_на_тютюн" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Борба_с_черния_пазар_на_тютюн"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Борба с черния пазар на тютюн</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Борба_с_черния_пазар_на_тютюн-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Химическа_номенклатура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Химическа_номенклатура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Химическа номенклатура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Химическа_номенклатура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Кралска_комисия_по_земеделието" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кралска_комисия_по_земеделието"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Кралска комисия по земеделието</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кралска_комисия_по_земеделието-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Барутна_комисия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Барутна_комисия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Барутна комисия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Барутна_комисия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Френската_революция" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Френската_революция"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Френската революция</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Френската_революция-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Последни_дни_и_екзекуция" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Последни_дни_и_екзекуция"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>Последни дни и екзекуция</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Последни_дни_и_екзекуция-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Антоан Лавоазие</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 106 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-106" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">106 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87" title="أنطوان لافوازييه – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنطوان لافوازييه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%8A" title="أنطوان لاڤوازيي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أنطوان لاڤوازيي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87" title="انطوان لافوازييه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انطوان لافوازييه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antuan_Loran_Lavuazye" title="Antuan Loran Lavuazye – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Antuan Loran Lavuazye" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87" title="آنتوان لاووازیه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنتوان لاووازیه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Антуан Ларан Лавуазье – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Антуан Ларан Лавуазье" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Антуан Лявуазье – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Антуан Лявуазье" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87" title="অঁতোয়ান লাভোয়াজিয়ে – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অঁতোয়ান লাভোয়াজিয়ে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%8E" title="ئانتوان لاڤوازیێ – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئانتوان لاڤوازیێ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_de_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%AD" title="Αντουάν Λωράν Λαβουαζιέ – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντουάν Λωράν Λαβουαζιέ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87" title="آنتوان لاووازیه – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنتوان لاووازیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%82%E9%90%B8%E9%A1%8F%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%89%BE%E7%AF%80" title="昂鐸顏·拉艾節 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="昂鐸顏·拉艾節" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%95%D7%90%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94" title="אנטואן לבואזיה – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטואן לבואזיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="एंटोनी लेवोज़ियर – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एंटोनी लेवोज़ियर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_de_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A5" title="Անտուան Լորան Լավուազիե – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անտուան Լորան Լավուազիե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine-Laurent_de_Lavoisier" title="Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A8" title="アントワーヌ・ラヴォアジエ – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アントワーヌ・ラヴォアジエ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%94" title="ანტუან ლავუაზიე – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტუან ლავუაზიე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Антуан Лавуазье – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антуан Лавуазье" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86" title="ಆಂಟಿನ್ ಲಾರೆಂಟ್ ಲವಾಸಿಯೆ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಂಟಿನ್ ಲಾರೆಂಟ್ ಲವಾಸಿಯೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%99%ED%88%AC%EC%95%88_%EB%9D%BC%EB%B6%80%EC%95%84%EC%A7%80%EC%97%90" title="앙투안 라부아지에 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앙투안 라부아지에" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonius_Lavoisierius" title="Antonius Lavoisierius – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Antonius Lavoisierius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – люксембургски" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antu%C4%81ns_Lavuazj%C4%93" title="Antuāns Lavuazjē – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Antuāns Lavuazjē" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Антоан Лавоазје – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Антоан Лавоазје" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%86" title="ആന്റ്വാൻ ലാവോസിയെ – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആന്റ്വാൻ ലാവോസിയെ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Антуан-Лоран Лавуазье – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Антуан-Лоран Лавуазье" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87" title="आँत्वान लेवॉइझिये – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आँत्वान लेवॉइझिये" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – мирандийски" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%9C%E1%80%97%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC" title="အန်ထော်နီ လဗွိုင်စီယာ – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အန်ထော်နီ လဗွိုင်စီယာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87" title="آنتوان لاوازیه – мазандерански" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آنتوان لاوازیه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандерански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine-Laurent_Lavoisier" title="Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%94%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%8F" title="ਔਂਤੁਆਨ ਲੈਵੁਆਜ਼ੀਏ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਔਂਤੁਆਨ ਲੈਵੁਆਜ਼ੀਏ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="لیوائزر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیوائزر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B5,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Лавуазье, Антуан Лоран – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лавуазье, Антуан Лоран" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – шотландски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="انتوائن ليوازئي – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="انتوائن ليوازئي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Laurent Lavoisier – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Antoine Laurent Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_de_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Антоан Лавоазје – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антоан Лавоазје" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Laurent_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Laurent Lavoisier – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Antoine Laurent Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antu-wan.lulun.lawaciy" title="Antu-wan.lulun.lawaciy – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Antu-wan.lulun.lawaciy" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87" title="அந்துவான் இலவாசியே – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அந்துவான் இலவாசியே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆంటోనీ లావోయిజర్ – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆంటోనీ లావోయిజర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2" title="อ็องตวน ลาวัวซีเย – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อ็องตวน ลาวัวซีเย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D1%94" title="Антуан Лоран Лавуазьє – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антуан Лоран Лавуазьє" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%B9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="انتونی لائرنٹ لاوئزر – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انتونی لائرنٹ لاوئزر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%89%98%E4%B8%87-%E6%B4%9B%E6%9C%97%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6%E9%94%A1" title="安托万-洛朗·德·拉瓦锡 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="安托万-洛朗·德·拉瓦锡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%94" title="ანტუან ლავუაზიე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ანტუან ლავუაზიე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%89%98%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6%E9%94%A1" title="安托万·拉瓦锡 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安托万·拉瓦锡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier" title="Antoine Lavoisier – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Antoine Lavoisier" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6%E7%AF%80" title="拉瓦節 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="拉瓦節" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39607#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Беседа за страницата (страницата не съществува) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon 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id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Antoine-Laurent_de_Lavoisier" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39607" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12144718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-lua{width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data-only,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-above{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-italic-title{display:none}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;margin:-5px 0;border:0;border-spacing:0 5px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox th.onlysubbox,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td.onlysubbox{padding:0!important}</style><table class="infobox infobox-lua infobox_v2 vcard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-above title physic" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaa;">Антоан Лавоазие<div style="font-size: 76%; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">Antoine Lavoisier</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; font-size:110%; border:1px solid #aaa;">френски химик</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1097" data-file-height="1266" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="nomobile" style="height:1px;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Роден</th><td class="infobox-data"><div></div> <div><span class="oneline"><a href="/wiki/26_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82" title="26 август">26 август</a> <a href="/wiki/1743" title="1743">1743</a> г.</span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6" title="Париж">Париж</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Франция">Франция</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Починал</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><span class="oneline"><a href="/wiki/8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="8 май">8 май</a> <a href="/wiki/1794" title="1794">1794</a> г.<span class="noprint"> <small>(50 г.)</small></span></span></div> <div>Париж, Франция</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Погребан</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6" title="Париж">Париж</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Франция">Франция</a></td></tr><tr class="nomobile" style="height:1px;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Религия</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Католическа църква">Католическа църква</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaaaaa;">Научна дейност</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Област</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">Химия</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Известен с</th><td class="infobox-data">откриването на ролята на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислорода</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Горене">горенето</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Повлиян</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Етиен Боно де Кондияк">Етиен Боно де Кондияк</a></td></tr><tr class="nomobile" style="height:1px;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Подпис</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg/160px-Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg/240px-Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg/320px-Antoine_Lavoisier_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="303" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaa;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Antoine-Laurent_de_Lavoisier?uselang=bg">Антоан Лавоазие</a></b> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg/220px-Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg/330px-Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg/440px-Laboratoire-de-Lavoisier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1860" data-file-height="1123" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лаборатория">Лабораторията</a> на Лавоазие, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Музей на изкуствата и занаятите (страницата не съществува)">Музей на изкуствата и занаятите</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6" title="Париж">Париж</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Антоан-Лоран дьо Лавоазие</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Френски език">френски</a>: <span lang="fr" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier</span>) е <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Франция">френски</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Химик">химик</a>, член на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Парижка академия на науките">Парижката академия на науките</a> (от 1772 г.) и неин председател (от 1785 г.), един от основоположниците на съвременната <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">химия</a>. </p><p>Той установява ролята на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">кислорода</a> при <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Горене">горенето</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дишане">дишането</a> (1780 г.), независимо от <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Джоузеф Пристли">Джоузеф Пристли</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Карл Шееле">Карл Шееле</a>, закона за запазване на масата при химични <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реакция">реакции</a>, както и състава на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="Въздух">въздуха</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">водата</a> (1770 г.) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Диамант">диаманта</a> (1773 г.). </p><p>Лавоазие е създател на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Химическа номенклатура (страницата не съществува)">химическата номенклатура</a> (1786 – 1787), чиито основни принципи са запазени и до днес<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . Доказал е, че т.нар. <i>„земи“</i> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Окис">окисите</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калций">калция</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Барий">бария</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Магнезий">магнезия</a>) не са прости вещества, както се е смятало дотогава, а кислородни съединения на съответните елементи. Лавоазие е един от основателите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Термохимия">термохимията</a>. Въвел е принципите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикохимия">физикохимичното</a> изследване и в областта на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Биология">биологията</a>. </p><p>Лавоазие е работил като откупчик на данъци в данъчната служба Ферм женерал (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Френски език">френски</a>: <span lang="fr" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">Ferme générale</span>), поради което е <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гилотина">гилотиниран</a> заедно с други откупчици по време на репресиите от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Големият терор">Големия терор</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Френска революция">Френската революция</a> на 8 май 1794 г. Реабилитиран е през 1796 година. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Биография"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Биография</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Биография" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Биография"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ранен_живот_и_образование"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD_.D0.B6.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.82_.D0.B8_.D0.BE.D0.B1.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5"></span>Ранен живот и образование</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ранен живот и образование" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ранен живот и образование"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Антоан Лавоазие е роден в заможно семейство в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6" title="Париж">Париж</a> на 26 август 1743 г. Той е син на адвокат в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Парижки парламент">Парижкия парламент</a> и наследява голямо богатство още на 5-годишна възраст, когато умира майка му. Лавоазие започва образованието си в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Колеж на Четири Нации (страницата не съществува)">колежа на Четирите Нации</a> в Париж на 11-годишна възраст. През последните две години там (1760 – 1761) се поражда научният му интерес. Той учи <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">химия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ботаника">ботаника</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">астрономия</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Математика">математика</a>. По <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия">философия</a> учи при <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Никола Луи дьо Лакай">Никола Луи дьо Лакай</a>, който е изтъкнат математик и астроном, който подбужда интерес към метеорологичните наблюдения и ентусиазъм у малкия Лавоазие, които след това никога не стихват. Лавоазие е приет да учи право и получава бакалавърска степен през 1763 г. и право да практикува през 1764 г. Той е приет в <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Адвокатска колегия">адвокатска колегия</a>, но така и не практикува тази си професия. Вместо това, той продължава научното си образование през свободното си време. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ранна_научна_дейност"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.83.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.B9.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82"></span>Ранна научна дейност</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ранна научна дейност" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Ранна научна дейност"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Образованието на Лавоазие е изпълнено с идеалите на френското <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Просвещение">Просвещение</a> по това време. Той е особено впечатлен от речника по химия на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиер Маке (страницата не съществува)">Пиер Маке</a>. Лавоазие посещава лекции по естествени науки. Неговата отдаденост и страст към химията в голяма степен е повлияна от <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BA" title="Етиен Боно де Кондияк">Етиен Боно де Кондияк</a>, известен френски учен през 18 век. Първите трудове по химия на Лавоазие се появяват през 1764 г. В периода 1763 – 1767 г. той учи <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология">геология</a> при <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Жан-Етиен Гетар">Жан-Етиен Гетар</a>. Заедно с него той провежда геоложко проучване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Елзас-Лотарингия">Елзас-Лотарингия</a> през юни 1767 г. През 1764 г. представя първия си труд пред <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Френската академия на науките">Френската академия на науките</a> относно физичните свойства на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Гипс">гипса</a>, а през 1766 г. е награден със златен медал от краля като признание за написано есе върху проблемите на градското <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Улично осветление">улично осветление</a>. През 1768 г. временно е назначен в Академията на науките.<sup id="cite_ref-Yount_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yount-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През 1769 г. работи по първата геологическа карта на Франция. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Социален_реформатор"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BE.D1.86.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD_.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80"></span>Социален реформатор</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Социален реформатор" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Социален реформатор"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Наука_за_благото_на_обществото"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D1.83.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.B1.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.BE_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BE.D0.B1.D1.89.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.BE"></span>Наука за благото на обществото</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: Наука за благото на обществото" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Наука за благото на обществото"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Лавоазие е най-известен с приноса си в науката, но той също така отделя значителна част от богатството си и времето си за общественото благо.<sup id="cite_ref-Supplement_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Supplement-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Лавоазие мисли особено много за народа си и често търси начини да подобри живота на населението чрез подобрения в селското стопанство, промишлеността и науката.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Първото доказателство за това е от 1765 г., когато публикува есето си за подобряване на уличното осветление.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>През 1768 г. той се фокусира върху нов проект за <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Акведукт">акведукт</a>. Целта е да се насочи вода от река <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ивет (река) (страницата не съществува)">Ивет</a> към Париж, така че гражданите да имат чиста питейна вода. Но тъй като строителството така и не започва, той се прехвърля към пречистването на вода от река <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сена">Сена</a>. Именно този проект поражда интерес у Лавоазие към химията на водата и обществена санитарно-хигиенна мрежа.<sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Освен това Лавоазие проявява интерес към качеството на въздуха и прекарва известно време в изучаване на рисковете за здравето, свързани с наличието на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82" title="Барут">барут</a> във въздуха.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През 1772 г. той провежда проучване относно как да се възобнови болницата Отел Дьо, след като е била повредена от пожар, по начин, който би позволил качествена вентилация.<sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>По онова време <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Затвор">затворите</a> в Париж са известни с това, че са с ужасни условия, а отношението към затворниците е нечовешко.<sup id="cite_ref-Supplement_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Supplement-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Лавоазие участва в разследвания през 1780 г. и отново през 1791 г. на хигиената в затворите и прави предложения за подобряване на условията, които впоследствие никой не взема предвид.<sup id="cite_ref-Supplement_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Supplement-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Вече член на Академията на науките, той полага усилия за насочване на изследванията към подобряване на публичите услуги.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През 1793 г. предлага проект за подобряване на общественото здраве. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Спонсорство_на_науките"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.83.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5"></span>Спонсорство на науките</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Спонсорство на науките" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Спонсорство на науките"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Лавоазие има виждания за общественото образование.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Той получава по-голямата част от доходите си, след като купува акции на Ферм женерал, което му позволява да се занимава с наука на пълен работен ден, да живее охолно и да допринася финансово за подобряване на обществото.<sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Това по-късно допринася за смъртта му по време на Големия терор.<sup id="cite_ref-Antoine_Lavoisier_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Antoine_Lavoisier-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>По това време е много трудно да се осигури публично финансиране за наука, а освен това не е финансово изгодно за средностатистическия учен, така че Лавоазие използва богатството си, за да основе много скъпа и усъвършенствана <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лаборатория">лаборатория</a> във Франция, за да могат учените да провеждат изследванията си без грижа за финансирането им.<sup id="cite_ref-Supplement_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Supplement-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Той също настоява за обществено образование в областта на науките и основава две организации, които имат за цел да служат като образователни инструменти за обществото. Финансирани от заможни благородници, те редовно провеждат курсове за широката публика от 1793 г.<sup id="cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ферм_женерал_и_брак"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BC_.D0.B6.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB_.D0.B8_.D0.B1.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BA"></span>Ферм женерал и брак</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Ферм женерал и брак" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Ферм женерал и брак"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>На 26-годишна възраст Лавоазие купува акции на Ферм женерал, финансова компания, която насочва изчислените приходи от данъци към правителството, като в замяна има правото да събира данъците. От името на Ферм женерал, Лавоазие построява стена около Париж, така че да могат да се събират мита от тези, които транспортират стоки в и извън града.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Участието му в събирането на данъци утежнява положението му, когато започва Големият терор във Франция, тъй като именно непосилните данъци и слабите правителствени реформи са сред главните причини за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Френската революция">Френската революция</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg/220px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg/330px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg/440px-David_-_Portrait_of_Monsieur_Lavoisier_and_His_Wife.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4390" data-file-height="5852" /></a><figcaption>Портрет на Антоан Лавоазие и съпругата му, худ. Жак-Луи Давид, 1788</figcaption></figure> <p>Лавоазие консолидира социалната и икономическата си позиция, когато през 1771 г. се жени за <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8-%D0%90%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мари-Ан Полз Лавоазие (страницата не съществува)">Мари-Ан Пиерет Полз</a>, 13-годишната дъщеря на високопоставен член на Ферм женерал.<sup id="cite_ref-cnrs_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnrs-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Тя играе важна роля в научната кариера на Лавоазие – превежда му английски документи, сред които изследванията на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ричард Кируан (страницата не съществува)">Ричард Кируан</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Джоузеф Пристли">Джоузеф Пристли</a> върху <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Флогистон">флогистона</a>. Освен това му помага в лабораторията и създава много скици и гравюри на лабораторните инструменти, използвани от Лавоазие и колегите му в научната им дейност. Тя редактира и публикува мемоарите на мъжа си и организира пиршества, на които видни учени дискутират идеи и проблемите на химията.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Известната картина <i>Портрет на Антоан Лавоазие и съпругата му</i> е нарисувана от <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Жак-Луи Давид">Жак-Луи Давид</a> през 1788 г., в зората на революцията. Тя не е изложена в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Парижки салон">Парижкия салон</a> от страх, че може да разпали антиаристократични настроения.<sup id="cite_ref-Donovan_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donovan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>В продължение на три години след присъединяването му към Ферм женерал, научната дейност на Лавоазие в известна степен се смалява, защото голяма част от времето му отива за бизнеса. Въпреки това, през този период той представя един важен мемоар пред Академията на науките, който засяга предполагаемото превръщане на вода в земя чрез изпарение. С много прецизен количествен експеримент Лавоазие показва, че земният седимент, получен след нагряване на вода в стъклен съд, не се дължи на превръщане на водата в земя, а по-скоро на постепенното разтапяне на вътрешността на стъкления съд от кипящата вода. Освен това той се опитва да внесе реформи във френската монетна и данъчна система в помощ на селяните. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Борба_с_черния_пазар_на_тютюн"><span id=".D0.91.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B1.D0.B0_.D1.81_.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.82.D1.8E.D1.82.D1.8E.D0.BD"></span>Борба с черния пазар на тютюн</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Борба с черния пазар на тютюн" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Борба с черния пазар на тютюн"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ферм женерал държи <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Монопол">монопол</a> над производството, вноса и износа на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BD" title="Тютюн">тютюн</a> във Франция, а данъците, с които облагат тютюна, им носят по 30 милиона <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Ливра">ливри</a> годишно. Тези приходи започват да спадат поради нарастващия <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Черен пазар">черен пазар</a> на тютюн, който се <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Контрабанда">контрабандира</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фалшификация">фалшифицира</a>, най-често с пепел и вода. Лавоазие разработва метод за контрол на тютюна, който може да покаже дали е добавяна пепел. Той открива, че ако се добави <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Витриол (страницата не съществува)">витриол</a> или друг киселинен разтвор към пепел, настъпва моментална и интензивна реакция, придружена от доловим <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук">звук</a>. Лавоазие също забелязва, че добавянето на малко пепел подобрява <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Аромат">аромата</a> на тютюна. Той също установява, че добавянето на повечко вода за набъбване на тютюна го кара да <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ферментация">ферментира</a> и да мирише лошо, но добавянето на само малко вода може да го подобри. Така по негова препоръка фабриките на Ферм женерал добавят 6,3% вода към тютюна, който обработват.<sup id="cite_ref-Poirier1998_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poirier1998-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Като компенсация, Ферм женерал доставят на търговците 17 унции тютюн на цената на 16.<sup id="cite_ref-Aykroyd2014_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aykroyd2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> За да се гарантира, че се добавят само тези разрешени количества и за да се елиминира черния пазар, Лавоазие установява система от проверки, счетоводство, надзор и тестване, която да затрудни търговците на дребно да си набавят контрабандни тютюни или да повишават печалбите си чрез нечестни методи. Той върши това с енергия и упоритост, а въведената система не се харесва на тютюнотърговците и отрицателните настроения му нанасят голяма вреда след избухването на Френската революция.<sup id="cite_ref-Donovan1996_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Donovan1996-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Химическа_номенклатура"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BA.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Химическа номенклатура</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Химическа номенклатура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Химическа номенклатура"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>В историята на развитие на химията Лавоазие е признат водач на революцията във фимията през XVIII век и един от основателите на съвременната химия. Към 1785 г. неговата нова теория за горенето получава все по-голямо признание и той се възползва от случая, за да продължи цялостното преформулиране на понятията и наименуването на химическите вещества, започнато от Гитон де Морво. През 1787 заедно с още трима учени Лавоазие публикува новата номенклатура и тя скоро се приема широко, благодарение на неговия авторитет. Основните принципи на тази номенклатура са в сила и до днес. Две години по-късно Лавоазие публикува основополагащия трактат <i>Traité élémentaire de chimie</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Кралска_комисия_по_земеделието"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BF.D0.BE_.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE"></span>Кралска комисия по земеделието</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Кралска комисия по земеделието" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Кралска комисия по земеделието"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Лавоазие спомага за учредяването на Кралска комисия по земеделието. След това служи като неин секретар и изразходва голяма част от парите си за подобряване на земеделските добиви в части от страната, където селскостопанската земя е с лошо качество. През 1788 г. той представя доклад пред комисията, в който подробно описва десетгодишните усилия на експерименталната си ферма за въвеждане на нови култури и нови видове добитък. Заключението му е, че въпреки възможностите на аграрните реформи, данъчната система оставя фермерите наематели с толкова малко средства, че е нереалистично да се очаква от тях да променят традиционните си практики.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Барутна_комисия"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Барутна комисия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Барутна комисия" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Барутна комисия"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Изследванията на Лавоазие в областта на горенето се провеждат сред изключително натоварен график с публични и частни задължения, особено във връзка с Ферм женерал. Има голям брой доклади, които трябва да се представят на комитетите на Академията на науките, касаещи проучвания на определени проблеми на кралското правителство. Лавоазие, чиито организационни умения са забележителни, често получава задачата да пише такива официални доклади. През 1775 г. Лавоазие е назначен като един от четирима комисари по <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82" title="Барут">барута</a>, назначени да заменят частна компания, подобна на Ферм женерал, която не се справила със задачата си да запасява Франция с нужните ѝ муниции. В резултат на усилията му, както количеството, така и качеството на френския барут се подобрява значително и става източник на приходи за правителството. Назначението му в барутната комисия се оказва благоприятно за научната кариера на Лавоазие. Като комисар, той разполага с къща и лаборатория към Кралския арсенал. Живее именно там в периода 1775 – 1792 г. </p><p>Лавоазие играе голяма роля в създаването на барутния бизнес на компанията <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дюпон">Дюпон</a>, тъй като обучава основателя му <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%8E_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ельотер Ирене дю Пон дьо Немур (страницата не съществува)">Ельотер Ирене дю Пон дьо Немур</a> да произвежда барут.<sup id="cite_ref-Dutton_1942_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dutton_1942-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap">:с. 40</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Френската_революция"><span id=".D0.A4.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.8E.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Френската революция</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Редактиране на раздел: Френската революция" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Френската революция"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>През юни 1791 г. Лавоазие дава назаем 71 000 ливри на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8E%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D1%8E_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиер Самюел дю Пон дьо Немур (страницата не съществува)">Пиер Самюел дю Пон дьо Немур</a> (бащата на Ельотер Ирене), за да закупи печатница, която да публикува вестника <i>La Correspondance Patriotique</i>. Планът е да се включат както доклади за дебатите в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%87%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Учредително събрание (Франция)">Учредителното събрание на Франция</a>, така и трудове на Академията на науките.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Революцията бързо възпрепятства първият вестник на възрастния дю Пон, но синът му скоро започва да издава <i>Le Republicain</i>, както и последните химически трудове на Лавоазие.<sup id="cite_ref-Dutton_1942_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dutton_1942-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap">:с. 15</sup> Лавоазие също така ръководи комисията за установяване на единна система за мерки и теглилки,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.193_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-French_Revolution_p.193-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> която през март 1791 г. препоръчва приемането на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Метрична система">метричната система</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Новата система е приета от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Конвент">Конвента</a> на 1 август 1793 г.<sup id="cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.356_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-French_Revolution_p.356-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Самият Лавоазие е уволнен от комисията за мерки и теглилки на 23 декември 1793 г., заедно с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Лаплас">Лаплас</a> и няколко други члена, поради политически причини.<sup id="cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.193_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-French_Revolution_p.193-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Той предлага на Конвента реформа на френското образование. Той също се намесва от името на редица учени, родени в чужбина, сред които и <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Жозеф Луи Лагранж">Жозеф Луи Лагранж</a>, като им помага да бъдат изключени от действието на декрет, отнемащ имуществото и свободите от всички чужденци.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Последни_дни_и_екзекуция"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B7.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Последни дни и екзекуция</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Редактиране на раздел: Последни дни и екзекуция" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Последни дни и екзекуция"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Докато <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Френската революция">Френската революция</a> набира скорост, започват нападения срещу Ферм женерал, която голяма част от населението ненавижда. Компанията е закрита през март 1791 г.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> През 1792 г. Лавоазие е принуден да подаде оставка от позицията си в Барутната комисия и да напусне дома и лабораторията си. На 8 август 1793 г. всички научни дружества, включително Академията на науките, са затворени по заповед на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Анри Грегоар (страницата не съществува)">Анри Грегоар</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.356_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-French_Revolution_p.356-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>На 24 ноември 1793 г. е наредено да се арестуват всички бивши данъчни служители в земеделието. На Лавоазие и другите членове на Ферм женерал са повдигнати девет обвинения за парична измама срещу държавата и за добавяне на вода към тютюна, преди продажбата му. Лавоазие изготвя защитата си, опровергавайки финансовите обвинения и напомняйки на съда как са поддържали постоянно високо качество на тютюна. Съдът обаче е склонен да вярва, че ако ги осъди и изземе стоките им, ще възстанови огромни суми в полза на държавата.<sup id="cite_ref-Aykroyd2014_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aykroyd2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Лавоазие е намерен за виновен и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гилотина">гилотиниран</a> на 8 май 1794 г. в Париж, на 50-годишна възраст, заедно с останалите 27 обвиняеми.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Значението на Лавоазие за науката е засвидетелствано от Лагранж, който скърби след обезглавяването му, заявявайки, че е отнело само миг да го обезглавят, но дори и сто години вероятно няма да са достатъчни, за да се появи човек като него.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Година и половина след смъртта му, Лавоазие е оневинен от правителството на Франция. По време на първата вълна бял терор, неговите останки са предадени на вдовицата му. Към тях е приложена кратка бележка, гласяща „За вдовицата на Лавоазие, който е бил погрешно осъден“.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Около век след смъртта му, в Париж е издигната статуя в негова чест. Статуята е претопена през <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Втората световна война">Втората световна война</a>, но след края ѝ не е възстановена. Неговото име е едно от 72-те имена на известни френски учени, инженери и математици, които са изписани върху <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Айфеловата кула">Айфеловата кула</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF4_May_2023" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Arthur L. Donovan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antoine-Lavoisier">Antoine Lavoisier | Biography, Discoveries, & Facts</a> //  Encyclopedia Britannica.  4 May 2023. Посетен на 17 май 2023.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yount-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Yount_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFYount2008" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Yount, Lisa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N9ifbmgWLAIC&pg=PA115">Antoine Lavoisier: founder of modern chemistry</a>.  Berkeley Heights, NJ, Enslow Publishers, 2008. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780766030114" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7660-3011-4</a>. с. 115. Посетен на 25 юли 2016.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Supplement-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Supplement_3-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Supplement_3-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Supplement_3-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Supplement_3-3"><sup><i><b>г</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDuveen1965" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Duveen, Dennis I. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bibliographyofwo0000duve_t8u6">Supplement to a bibliography of the works of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, 1743 – 1794</a>.  London, Dawsons, 1965.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bibliographic-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_4-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMcKie1935" class="book" style="font-style:normal">McKie, Douglas. Bibliographic Details Antoine Lavoisier, the father of modern chemistry, by Douglas McKie ... With an introduction by F.G. Donnan.  London, V. Gollancz ltd., 1935.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bibliographic_P-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-3"><sup><i><b>г</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-4"><sup><i><b>д</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bibliographic_P_5-5"><sup><i><b>е</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDeutsches_Museum2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Bibliographic Details Lavoisier in perspective / edited by Marco Beretta.  Munich, Deutsches Museum, 2005.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-3"><sup><i><b>г</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-4"><sup><i><b>д</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-5"><sup><i><b>е</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lavoisier_in_the_year_one_6-6"><sup><i><b>ж</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBell2005" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Bell, Madison Smart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lavoisierinyearo0000bell">Lavoisier in the year one</a>.  New York, W.W. Norton, 2005.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Antoine_Lavoisier-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Antoine_Lavoisier_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMcKie1952" class="book" style="font-style:normal">McKie, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/antoinelavoisier00mcki">Antoine Lavoisier: scientist, economist, social reformer.</a>  New York, Schuman, 1952.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Citizens</i>, Simon Schama. Penguin 1989 p. 236</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnrs-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cnrs_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrs.fr/cw/dossiers/doslavoisier/contenu/alternative/alter2_textes.html">Lavoisier, le parcours d'un scientifique révolutionnaire</a> CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEagle1998" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Eagle, Cassandra T. Marie Anne Paulze Lavoisier: The Mother of Modern Chemistry //  <i>The Chemical Educator</i> 3 (5).  1998. DOI:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00897980249a">10.1007/s00897980249a</a>. с. 1 – 18.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donovan-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Donovan_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDonovan1996" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Donovan, Arthur. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0-fOasz2GUMC&lpg=PA273">Antoine Lavoisier: Science, Administration, and Revolution</a>.  Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780521566728" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-56672-8</a>. с. 273.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poirier1998-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Poirier1998_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Pennsylvania_Press1998" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Jean-Pierre Poirier. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u5h0BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA25">Lavoisier: Chemist, Biologist, Economist</a>.  University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780812216493" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8122-1649-3</a>. с. 24 – 26.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aykroyd2014-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Aykroyd2014_13-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aykroyd2014_13-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFElsevier_Science12_май_2014" class="book" style="font-style:normal">W.R. Aykroyd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bia0BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA168">Three Philosophers: Lavoisier, Priestley and Cavendish</a>.  Elsevier Science, 12 май 2014. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9781483194455" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4831-9445-5</a>. с. 168 – 170.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donovan1996-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Donovan1996_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCambridge_University_Press11_април_1996" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Arthur Donovan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0-fOasz2GUMC&pg=PA123">Antoine Lavoisier: Science, Administration and Revolution</a>.  Cambridge University Press, 11 април 1996. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9780521566728" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-56672-8</a>. с. 123 – 125.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Citizens</i>, Simon Schama, Penguin 1989 p. 313</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dutton_1942-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Dutton_1942_16-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dutton_1942_16-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDutton1942" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Dutton, William S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WEtZAAAAYAAJ">Du Pont: One Hundred and Forty Years</a>.  Charles Scribner's Sons, 1942.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronicle of the French Revolution, Longman 1989 p. 216</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Companion to the French Revolution</i>, John Paxton, Facts on File Publications 1988 p. 120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-French_Revolution_p.193-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.193_19-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.193_19-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">A Cultural History of the French Revolution, Emmet Kennedy Yale University Press 1989 p. 193</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Chronicle of the French Revolution</i>, Longman 1989 p. 204</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-French_Revolution_p.356-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.356_21-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-French_Revolution_p.356_21-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Chronicle of the French Revolution</i>, Longman 1989 p. 356</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor26_септември_2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">O'Connor, J.J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lagrange.html">Lagrange Biography</a> //   26 септември 2006. Посетен на 20 април 2006.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Chronicle of the French Revolution</i>, Longman 1989 p. 202</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20130615102227/http://www.app.com/viewart/20130508/NJNEWS18/305080042/Today-History">Today in History: 1794: Antoine Lavoisier, the father of modern chemistry, is executed on the guillotine during France's Reign of Terror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGuerlac1973" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Guerlac, Henry. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier – Chemist and Revolutionary.  New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973. с. 130.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/ishm/vesalius/VESx2000x06x02x105x113.pdf">(In French) M.-A. Paulze, épouse et collaboratrice de Lavoisier, Vesalius, VI, 2, 105 – 113, 2000</a>, p. 110.</span> </li> </ol></div> <table cellspacing="2" style="clear:both; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit; border:1px dotted var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding:.3em; margin-top:.8em; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="90px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Криейтив Комънс"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/60px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/90px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/120px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%9D%D0%A3" title="Лиценз за свободна документация на ГНУ"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/20px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/30px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/40px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="523" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-style:italic">Тази страница частично или изцяло представлява <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Уикипедия:Превод">превод</a> на страницата <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Permalink/908549205" class="extiw" title="en:Special:Permalink/908549205">Antoine Lavoisier</a> в Уикипедия на английски. Оригиналният текст, както и този превод, са защитени от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Криейтив Комънс">Лиценза „Криейтив Комънс – Признание – Споделяне на споделеното“</a>, а за съдържание, създадено преди юни 2009 година – от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%9D%D0%A3" title="Лиценз за свободна документация на ГНУ">Лиценза за свободна документация на ГНУ</a>. Прегледайте <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Antoine_Lavoisier" class="extiw" title="en:Special:PageHistory/Antoine Lavoisier">историята на редакциите</a> на оригиналната страница, както и на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:PageHistory/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Специални:PageHistory/Антоан Лавоазие">преводната страница</a>, за да видите списъка на съавторите.  <p><b>ВАЖНО:</b> Този шаблон се отнася единствено до <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3:%D0%90%D0%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="У:АП">авторските права</a> върху съдържанието на статията. 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