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accesskey="z"><span>Hoofdpagina</span></a></li><li id="n-zoekartikel" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Navigatie"><span>Vind een artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/28_november"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. 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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Geletterdheid" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Geletterdheid" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Geletterdheid" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vroege_ontwikkeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vroege_ontwikkeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vroege ontwikkeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vroege_ontwikkeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digitale_geletterdheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digitale_geletterdheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Digitale geletterdheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digitale_geletterdheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mediageletterdheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mediageletterdheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mediageletterdheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mediageletterdheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vlaanderen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vlaanderen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vlaanderen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vlaanderen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Geletterdheid</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 114 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geletterdheid" title="Geletterdheid – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Geletterdheid" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisierung_(Lesef%C3%A4higkeit)" title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit) – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="محو الأمية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محو الأمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84" title="تسكويل – Marokkaans Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تسكويل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkaans Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="সাক্ষৰতা – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাক্ষৰতা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D2%A1%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%8F%D2%99%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D2%AF" title="Уҡый-яҙа белеү – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Уҡый-яҙа белеү" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1tingoms" title="Raštingoms – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Raštingoms" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Граматнасць – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Граматнасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пісьменнасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пісьменнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Грамотност – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грамотност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0" title="साक्षरता दर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साक्षरता दर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balikukalan" title="Balikukalan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Balikukalan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="সাক্ষরতা – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাক্ষরতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deski%C3%B1_lenn_ha_skriva%C3%B1" title="Deskiñ lenn ha skrivañ – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deskiñ lenn ha skrivañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Йоза хаар – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йоза хаар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="خوێندەواری – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خوێندەواری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savat" title="Savat – Krim-Tataars" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Savat" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krim-Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramotnost" title="Gramotnost – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gramotnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llythrennedd" title="Llythrennedd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llythrennedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6sef%C3%A6rdighed" title="Læsefærdighed – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Læsefærdighed" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisierung_(Lesef%C3%A4higkeit)" title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alphabetisierung (Lesefähigkeit)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celik_huruf" title="Celik huruf – Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Celik huruf" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αλφαβητισμός – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλφαβητισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legoscio" title="Legoscio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Legoscio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirjaoskus" title="Kirjaoskus – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kirjaoskus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetatze" title="Alfabetatze – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alfabetatze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سواد – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سواد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukutaito" title="Lukutaito – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukutaito" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C9%94wlan-ny%C9%94xa" title="Nyɔwlan-nyɔxa – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Nyɔwlan-nyɔxa" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphab%C3%A9tisation" title="Alphabétisation – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphabétisation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeskonst" title="Leeskonst – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Leeskonst" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaci%C3%B3n" title="Alfabetización – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfabetización" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE" title="નિરક્ષરતા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નિરક્ષરતા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA" title="אוריינות – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוריינות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr%C3%A1stud%C3%A1s" title="Írástudás – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Írástudás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գրագիտություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetisation" title="Alphabetisation – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Alphabetisation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melek_aksara" title="Melek aksara – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Melek aksara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasia" title="Literasia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Literasia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6si" title="Læsi – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Læsi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizzazione" title="Alfabetizzazione – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabetizzazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tcidu" title="tcidu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tcidu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Сауаттылық – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сауаттылық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98" title="អក្ខរកម្ម – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អក្ខរកម្ម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%B4" title="문해 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="문해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%83" title="Къара таныу – Karatsjaj-Balkarisch" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Къара таныу" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karatsjaj-Balkarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet%C3%AEzm" title="Alfabetîzm – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alfabetîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Сабаттуулук – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сабаттуулук" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabetismus" title="Alphabetismus – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alphabetismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetiseringsgraod" title="Alfabetiseringsgraod – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Alfabetiseringsgraod" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizaziun" title="Alfabetizaziun – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Alfabetizaziun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C5%A1tingumas" title="Raštingumas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Raštingumas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakstprat%C4%ABba" title="Rakstpratība – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rakstpratība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi" title="Literasi – Madoerees" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Literasi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madoerees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahaizana_mamaky_sy_manoratra" title="Fahaizana mamaky sy manoratra – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fahaizana mamaky sy manoratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Писменост – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Писменост" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4" title="സാക്ഷരത – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാക്ഷരത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celik_huruf" title="Celik huruf – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Celik huruf" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leesverm%C3%B6gen" title="Leesvermögen – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Leesvermögen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesekunne" title="Lesekunne – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lesekunne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesekyndighet" title="Lesekyndighet – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lesekyndighet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alfabetisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸਾਖਰਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਖਰਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetyzm" title="Alfabetyzm – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfabetyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetisassion" title="Alfabetisassion – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Alfabetisassion" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D9%86_%D9%84%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%86" title="پڑھن لکھن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پڑھن لکھن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سواد – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سواد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Alfabetização – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabetização" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetizare" title="Alfabetizare – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfabetizare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Грамотность – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грамотность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Ґрамотность – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґрамотность" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साक्षरता – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="साक्षरता" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B" title="ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabbetizzazioni" title="Alfabbetizzazioni – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Alfabbetizzazioni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Literacy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramotnos%C5%A5" title="Gramotnosť – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gramotnosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismenost" title="Pismenost – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pismenost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkrim-leximi" title="Shkrim-leximi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkrim-leximi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Писменост – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Писменост" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4skunnighet" title="Läskunnighet – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Läskunnighet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwezo_wa_kusoma_na_kuandika" title="Uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uwezo wa kusoma na kuandika" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="எழுத்தறிவு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எழுத்தறிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A4" title="అక్షరాస్యత – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అక్షరాస్యత" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Савод – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Савод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="การรู้หนังสือ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การรู้หนังสือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literasi" title="Literasi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Literasi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okuryazarl%C4%B1k" title="Okuryazarlık – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Okuryazarlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Грамотність – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Грамотність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="خواندگی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خواندگی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savodlilik" title="Savodlilik – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Savodlilik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BA%BFt_ch%E1%BB%AF" title="Biết chữ – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biết chữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inadman" title="Inadman – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inadman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%86%E5%AD%97" title="识字 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="识字" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98" title="ליטעראט – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליטעראט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat-j%C4%AB" title="Bat-jī – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bat-jī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%98%E5%AD%97" title="識字 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="識字" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Geletterdheid</b> (van het Latijnse <i>litteratus</i>) is de <a href="/wiki/Vaardigheid" title="Vaardigheid">vaardigheid</a> om informatie te verwerven, te verwerken en gericht te gebruiken. Geletterd zijn is van cruciaal belang om zelfstandig te kunnen functioneren en participeren in de samenleving. Geletterdheid is nodig om zich persoonlijk te ontwikkelen en constant bij te leren. </p><p>Geletterdheid gaat daarmee verder dan het vooral in het verleden gebruikte <a href="/wiki/Alfabetisme" title="Alfabetisme">alfabetisme</a>: wie de eigen naam kan schrijven, wordt al als alfabeet beschouwd. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definities">Definities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Definities" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Definities"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de wetenschappelijke literatuur circuleert een verscheidenheid aan definities. Aan het ene uiteinde staan de beschrijvingen van functionele geletterdheid, gebaseerd op (meetbare) vaardigheden; aan de andere kant zijn er brede en allesomvattende definities die een heel repertoire van woordpraktijken beschrijven met inbegrip van sociale, culturele, digitale en soms ook politieke zelfstandigheid. Een van de moeilijkheden met het precies omlijnen van geletterdheid is dat ze regelmatig verandert naarmate nieuwe technologie ter beschikking komt. De meeste definities omvatten een verzameling kennis en vaardigheden, of een repertoire van praktijken, waarmee leerlingen kunnen bijdragen tot de sociale, burgerlijke en economische sfeer.<sup id="cite_ref-gunn_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gunn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aan de negatieve kant worden <a href="/wiki/Leerstoornis" title="Leerstoornis">leerstoornissen</a> vaak in verband gebracht met specifieke bijzondere noden van het kind die nauw verbonden zijn met lezen en schrijven, zoals <a href="/wiki/Dyslexie" title="Dyslexie">dyslexie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Alexie" title="Alexie">woordblindheid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gunn_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gunn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hoewel populaire media anno 2019 de term geletterdheid gebruiken voor het kunnen <a href="/wiki/Lezen" title="Lezen">lezen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Schrift" title="Schrift">schrijven</a>, wordt in vele sociale, onderwijskundige en professionele omgevingen erkend dat het begrip veel breder is. In wetenschappelijke onderzoeksliteratuur omvatten de diverse beschouwingen van geletterdheid de verschillende wijzen, symbolen en vormen waarmee mensen communiceren en leren. Geletterdheid kan worden begrepen als een vorm van zingeving, hetzij interpersoonlijk of persoonlijk, en wordt erkend als specifiek voor een context of een domein en als transcultureel.<sup id="cite_ref-dobinson_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dobinson-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een concreet voorbeeld van een definitie zou kunnen luiden: </p> <ul><li>via <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">taal</a> kunnen <a href="/wiki/Communicatie" title="Communicatie">communiceren</a> en informatie verwerken</li> <li>met cijfermatige en grafische <a href="/wiki/Gegeven" title="Gegeven">gegevens</a> kunnen omgaan</li> <li>gebruik kunnen maken van <a href="/wiki/Informatietechnologie" title="Informatietechnologie">ICT</a></li></ul> <p>Geletterd zijn is belangrijk om in de <a href="/wiki/Samenleving" title="Samenleving">samenleving</a> zelfstandig te kunnen functioneren in diverse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Functie_(taak)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Functie (taak) (de pagina bestaat niet)">rollen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Functie_(positie)" title="Functie (positie)">posities</a>. Het is noodzakelijk om <a href="/wiki/Kennis" title="Kennis">kennis</a> op te doen en zich te kunnen ontwikkelen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vroege_ontwikkeling">Vroege ontwikkeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vroege ontwikkeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vroege ontwikkeling"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hoewel lezen en schrijven in de meeste onderwijssystemen als een hoofddoelstelling van het <a href="/wiki/Basisonderwijs" title="Basisonderwijs">basisonderwijs</a> geldt, begint de ontwikkeling van geletterdheid al in de voorschoolse jaren van het kind. </p><p>Bij veel kinderen is hun eigen naam het eerste woord dat ze leren herkennen en spellen, en ook het eerste dat ze leren schrijven. Kennis van hun eigen geschreven naam als kleuter is statistisch een goede voorspeller voor het leren lezen en schrijven in de eerste jaren van de basisschool.<sup id="cite_ref-both_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-both-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De namen van de letters van het alfabet zijn niet altijd <a href="/wiki/Fonetiek" title="Fonetiek">fonetisch</a>: zo heet de letter <i>g</i> in het Nederlands <i>gee</i>, in het Engels <i>dzjie</i> en in het Hebreeuws <i>gimel</i>. Nochtans blijkt uit onderzoek door Treiman en Levin van 2003-2007 dat die namen voor jonge kinderen juist een krachtige geheugensteun bieden om de fonetische waarde van de letters te onthouden, zelfs en in het bijzonder bij de relatief lange Hebreeuwse namen.<sup id="cite_ref-cardoso_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardoso-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Er bestaat een brede consensus dat het verwerven van geletterdheid nauw verbonden is met taalontwikkeling op zich. Een kind kan niet het normatieve leesniveau halen na het derde leerjaar als het aan het eerste leerjaar is begonnen zonder een specifieke verzameling vaardigheden in de gesproken taal.<sup id="cite_ref-byrnes1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byrnes1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Linguïsten onderscheiden drie aspecten van (mondelinge) taalvaardigheid: semantische kennis, fonologische kennis en grammaticale kennis. <a href="/wiki/Semantiek" title="Semantiek">Semantiek</a> gaat over de betekenis van woorden; <a href="/wiki/Fonologie" title="Fonologie">fonologie</a> is de correcte uitspraak; en <a href="/wiki/Grammatica" title="Grammatica">grammatica</a> is de samenstelling van woorden en hun rangschikking tot correcte zinnen.<sup id="cite_ref-byrnes3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byrnes3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een belangrijke factor bij het verband tussen semantische kennis en geletterdheid is wat kennispsychologen zoals <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_Stanovich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith Stanovich (de pagina bestaat niet)">Keith Stanovich</a><sup id="cite_ref-stanovich_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stanovich-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> het <a href="/wiki/Mattheuseffect" title="Mattheuseffect">mattheuseffect</a> noemen: om een zinsconstructie te begrijpen, moet het kind in zijn kortetermijngeheugen de betekenis kunnen vasthouden van alle woorden in de zin. Terwijl de ogen ieder woord in de zin achtereenvolgens fixeren, moeten de vorige woorden in de zin opgeslagen blijven in het werkgeheugen voordat die informatie uitdooft. Een onbekend woord vertraagt de verwerking aanzienlijk en verhoogt de kans dat de zin niet begrepen wordt. Iemand die daarentegen regelmatig veel verschillende soorten teksten leest, zet onbekende woorden automatisch om in bekende zodat het begripsproces niet wordt onderbroken. Er bestaan wel sterke individuele verschillen in de capaciteit van het werkgeheugen, en dus in de mate waarin men zich kan trainen als lezer.<sup id="cite_ref-byrnes9_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byrnes9-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digitale_geletterdheid">Digitale geletterdheid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Digitale geletterdheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Digitale geletterdheid"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_geletterdheid" title="Nieuwe geletterdheid">Nieuwe geletterdheid</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Digitale of nieuwe geletterdheid is de vaardigheid om in de multimediale en multimodale wereld vragen te kunnen stellen, informatie te kunnen vinden, die informatie te beoordelen en te synthetiseren en de resultaten met anderen te kunnen delen. </p><p>De digitale omwenteling heeft menselijke communicatie en geletterdheid getransformeerd. Kinderen worden vanaf de geboorte ondergedompeld in het dagelijks gebruik van multimediale bronnen door het gezin, zoals audio, video, drukwerk en schermen; zelfs heel jonge kinderen ervaren het 21e-eeuwse verschijnsel van digitale communicatie, digitaal entertainment en computerspelletjes. Dit verandert niet alleen de manier waarop kinderen geletterdheid ontwikkelen, maar ook hoe ouders en leraars kinderen voorbereiden op een digitaal verbonden toekomst.<sup id="cite_ref-erstad_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-erstad-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Digitale geletterdheden verwijst naar de diversiteit van vaardigheden en gewoontes die kindere ontwikkelen via digitale hulpmiddelen, technologieën en media. De meervoudsvorm volgt de sociologische consensus over de veelheid aan vaardigheden, maar ook de veelheid aan interpretaties die wetenschappers in deze context aan het begrip geletterdheid geven.<sup id="cite_ref-erstad_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-erstad-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mediageletterdheid">Mediageletterdheid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Mediageletterdheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Mediageletterdheid"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mediageletterdheid is de verzameling competenties die iemand in staat stellen producten (teksten) en instellingen van de <a href="/wiki/Massacommunicatie" title="Massacommunicatie">media</a> te interpreteren, zelf media te produceren en de sociale en politieke invloed van de media te herkennen en te confronteren. Tot in de jaren 1980 ging het debat inzake mediageletterdheid over de domheid van het massamedia-amusement en de daarmee gepaard gaande verkleutering van de maatschappij, zoals <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirisch</a> afgebeeld in de televisiereeks <a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a> vanaf 1989. De popularisering van het <a href="/wiki/Wereldwijd_web" title="Wereldwijd web">wereldwijd web</a> vanaf het jaar 2000 en de toenemende complexiteit van <a href="/wiki/Computerspel" title="Computerspel">videogames</a> hebben het gegeven veranderd: mediagebruikers zijn actieve deelnemers geworden, en er zijn nieuwe vormen van geletterdheid ontstaan die voor buitenstaanders (door <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Prensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Prensky (de pagina bestaat niet)">Marc Prensky</a><sup id="cite_ref-prensky_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prensky-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2001 digitale immigranten genoemd) nog moeilijk te doorgronden zijn.<sup id="cite_ref-hoechsmann_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoechsmann-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vlaanderen">Vlaanderen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vlaanderen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vlaanderen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Vlaanderen" title="Vlaanderen">Vlaanderen</a> kunnen <a href="/wiki/Volwassene" title="Volwassene">volwassenen</a> die moeite hebben met basisvaardigheden zoals lezen, schrijven of rekenen terecht bij de Centra voor <a href="/wiki/Basiseducatie" title="Basiseducatie">Basiseducatie</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laaggeletterdheid" title="Laaggeletterdheid">Laaggeletterdheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meervoudige_geletterdheden" title="Meervoudige geletterdheden">Meervoudige geletterdheden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gecijferdheid" title="Gecijferdheid">Gecijferdheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabetiseringsgraad" title="Alfabetiseringsgraad">Alfabetiseringsgraad</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.basiseducatie.be/">Centra voor Basiseductie Vlaanderen</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/geletterdheid">Onderwijs Vlaanderen, geletterdheid</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gunn-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-gunn_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gunn_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gunn, Stephanie</span> en <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wyatt-Smith, Claire</span>, <i>Learning Difficulties, Literacy and Numeracy: Conversations Across the Fields,</i> hoofdstuk 2 in <span class="citation" id="CITEREFWyatt-Smith2011"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wyatt-Smith, Claire</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Elkins, John en Gunn, Stephanie (reds.)</span> (2011). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781402088636">Multiple Perspectives on Difficulties in Learning Literacy and Numeracy</a></i></cite>. Springer. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4020-8863-6" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4020-8863-6">ISBN 978-1-4020-8863-6</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dobinson-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dobinson_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFDobinson2019"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dobinson, Toni</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dunworth, Katie (reds.)</span> (2019). <cite><i>Literacy Unbound: Multiliterate, Multilingual, Multimodal</i></cite>. Springer Multilingual Education 30. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-030-01254-0" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-030-01254-0">ISBN 978-3-030-01254-0</a></span>.</span> Citaat uit de inleiding door de samenstellers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-both-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-both_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Both-de Vries, Anna C.</span> en <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bus, Adriana G.</span>, <i>It's All in the Name,</i> hoofdstuk 1 in <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAram2010"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Aram, Dorit</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Korat, Ofra (reds.)</span> (2010). <cite><i>Literacy Development and Enhancement Across Orthographies and Cultures</i></cite>. Springer Literacy Studies: Perspectives from Cognitive Neurosciences, Linguistics, Psychology and Education. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4419-0833-9" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4419-0833-9">ISBN 978-1-4419-0833-9</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cardoso-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cardoso_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cardoso-Martins, Cláudia</span> en <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fulaneta Corrêa, Marcela</span>, <i>The Role of Letter Name Knowledge in Early Spelling Development: Evidence from Brazilian Portuguese,</i> hoofdstuk 3 in <span class="citation" id="CITEREFAram2010"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Aram, Dorit</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Korat, Ofra (reds.)</span> (2010). <cite><i>Literacy Development and Enhancement Across Orthographies and Cultures</i></cite>. Springer Literacy Studies: Perspectives from Cognitive Neurosciences, Linguistics, Psychology and Education. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4419-0833-9" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4419-0833-9">ISBN 978-1-4419-0833-9</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-byrnes1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-byrnes1_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Inleiding tot <span class="citation" id="CITEREFByrnes2019"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Byrnes, James P.</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wasik, Barbara A.</span> (2019). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/languageliteracy0000byrn_w2f9">Language and Literacy Development: What Educators Need to Know</a></i></cite>, 2de uitgave. The Guilford Press. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4">ISBN 978-1-4625-4004-4</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-byrnes3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-byrnes3_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>An Overview of Spoken Language Competence,</i> hoofdstuk 3 in <span class="citation" id="CITEREFByrnes2019"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Byrnes, James P.</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wasik, Barbara A.</span> (2019). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/languageliteracy0000byrn_w2f9">Language and Literacy Development: What Educators Need to Know</a></i></cite>, 2de uitgave. The Guilford Press. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4">ISBN 978-1-4625-4004-4</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stanovich-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-stanovich_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="TEST__CITEREFStanovich1986"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Stanovich, K. E.</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (1986). <cite>Matthew effects in reading: Some consequences of individual differences in the acquisition of literacy</cite>. <i>Reading Research Quarterly</i> 21: 360–407. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1936-2722">1936-2722</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-byrnes9-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-byrnes9_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Development of Reading Comprehension,</i> hoofdstuk 9 in <span class="citation" id="CITEREFByrnes2019"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Byrnes, James P.</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wasik, Barbara A.</span> (2019). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/languageliteracy0000byrn_w2f9">Language and Literacy Development: What Educators Need to Know</a></i></cite>, 2de uitgave. The Guilford Press. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-4625-4004-4">ISBN 978-1-4625-4004-4</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-erstad-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-erstad_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-erstad_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFErstad2020"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Erstad, Ola</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Flewitt, Rosie; Kümmerling-Meibauer, Bettina en Pires Pereira, Iris Susana (reds.)</span> (2020). <cite><i>The Routledge Handbook of Digital Literacies in Early Childhood</i></cite>. Routledge. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-138-30388-1" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-138-30388-1">ISBN 978-1-138-30388-1</a></span>.</span> Citaat uit de inleiding door de samenstellers: <i>the emerging field of digital literacies in early childhood</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prensky-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-prensky_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2001"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Prensky, Marc</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf">Digital natives, digital immigrants</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210303044829/https://marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-03-03">3 maart 2021</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2021-03-04">4 maart 2021</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hoechsmann-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-hoechsmann_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFHoechsmann2012"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hoechsmann, Michael</span>, <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Poyntz, Stuart R.</span> (2012). <cite><i>Media Literacies: A Critical Introduction</i></cite>. Wiley-Blackwell. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9781405186117" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9781405186117">ISBN 9781405186117</a></span>.</span> De aangehaalde vaststellingen komen uit hoofdstuk 1, <i>What is Media Literacy?</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&oldid=68187625">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geletterdheid&oldid=68187625</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Onderwijsterminologie" title="Categorie:Onderwijsterminologie">Onderwijsterminologie</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 30 sep 2024 om 14:48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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