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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="Es8f5OFnyuQ/CSbGFVTGB7bQzmlAQA4EAnZgrTqhykEH7jQC4lquEe7xj8MAEuJlG9qyVD8qLdfz4ru9RU47qQ==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2022/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Fluids and Barriers of the CNS" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Simona Francia" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/252084016/105408463/94607823/s200_simona.francia.png" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/SimonaFrancia" /> <meta name="description" content="BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability" /> <title>(PDF) Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo | Simona Francia - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732395864000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732395864000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability and functionality of the neurovascular unit as a whole. Identifying key drivers of astrocyte and pericyte responses that modify cell–cell interactions and crosstalk during injury is key. At the cellular level, injury-induced outcomes are closely entwined with activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. Studies clearly suggest that endothelial HIF-1 signalling increases blood–brain barrier permeability but the influence of perivascular HIF-1 induction on outcome is unknown. Using novel mouse lines with astrocyte and pericyte targeted HIF-1 loss of function, we herein show that vascular stability in vivo is differentially impacted by perivascular hypoxia-induced HIF-1 stabilization.MethodsTo facilitate HIF-1 deletion in ad...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Simona Francia"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-03-23","dateModified":"2023-03-23","datePublished":"2022-01-01","headline":"Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Medicine","Biological Sciences","Astrocyte","Vascular Permeability","Medical and Health Sciences"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Fluids and Barriers of the CNS","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/text_button-73590134e40cdb49f9abdc8e796cc00dc362693f3f0f6137d6cf9bb78c318ce7.css" /><link crossorigin="" 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[{"id":100206737,"identifier":"Attachment_100206737","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":99006540,"created_at":"2023-03-23T15:44:41.352-07:00","from_world_paper_id":230212855,"updated_at":"2023-03-23T16:06:47.154-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability and functionality of the neurovascular unit as a whole. Identifying key drivers of astrocyte and pericyte responses that modify cell–cell interactions and crosstalk during injury is key. At the cellular level, injury-induced outcomes are closely entwined with activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. Studies clearly suggest that endothelial HIF-1 signalling increases blood–brain barrier permeability but the influence of perivascular HIF-1 induction on outcome is unknown. Using novel mouse lines with astrocyte and pericyte targeted HIF-1 loss of function, we herein show that vascular stability in vivo is differentially impacted by perivascular hypoxia-induced HIF-1 stabilization.MethodsTo facilitate HIF-1 deletion in ad...","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","publication_date":"2022,,","publication_name":"Fluids and Barriers of the CNS"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [252084016]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":100206737,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/100206737/mini_magick20230323-1-ctpput.png?1679611534" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Pericyte, but not astrocyte, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) drives hypoxia-induced vascular permeability in vivo</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="252084016" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SimonaFrancia"><img alt="Profile image of Simona Francia" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/252084016/105408463/94607823/s65_simona.francia.png" />Simona Francia</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2022, Fluids and Barriers of the CNS</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">BackgroundWays to prevent disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage remain largely elusive. Improved understanding of perivascular cell signalling could provide unparalleled insight as these cells impact vascular stability and functionality of the neurovascular unit as a whole. Identifying key drivers of astrocyte and pericyte responses that modify cell–cell interactions and crosstalk during injury is key. At the cellular level, injury-induced outcomes are closely entwined with activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway. Studies clearly suggest that endothelial HIF-1 signalling increases blood–brain barrier permeability but the influence of perivascular HIF-1 induction on outcome is unknown. Using novel mouse lines with astrocyte and pericyte targeted HIF-1 loss of function, we herein show that vascular stability in vivo is differentially impacted by perivascular hypoxia-induced HIF-1 stabilization.MethodsTo facilitate HIF-1 deletion in ad...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":100206737,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":100206737,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="100206737" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/99006540/Pericyte_but_not_astrocyte_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_drives_hypoxia_induced_vascular_permeability_in_vivo" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="81691697" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81691697/Hypoxia_independent_mechanisms_of_HIF_1%CE%B1_expression_in_astrocytes_after_ischemic_preconditioning">Hypoxia-independent mechanisms of HIF-1α expression in astrocytes after ischemic preconditioning</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32797713" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SchuichiKoizumi">Schuichi Koizumi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Glia, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We recently demonstrated that ischemic tolerance was dependent on astrocytes, for which HIF-1α had an essential role. The mild ischemia (preconditioning; PC) increased HIF-1α in a biphasic pattern, that is, a quick and transient increase in neurons, followed by a slow and sustained increase in astrocytes. However, mechanisms underlying such temporal difference in HIF-1α increase remain totally unknown. Here, we show that unlike a hypoxia-dependent mechanism in neurons, astrocytes increase HIF-1α via a novel hypoxia-independent but P2X7-dependent mechanism. Using a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of mice, we found that the PC (a 15-min MCAO period)-evoked increase in HIF-1α in neurons was quick and transient (from 1 to 3 days after PC), but that in astrocytes was slow-onset and long-lasting (from 3 days to at least 2 weeks after PC). The neuronal HIF-1α increase was dependent on inhibition of PHD2, an oxygen-dependent HIF-1α degrading enzyme, whereas astrocytic one was ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hypoxia-independent mechanisms of HIF-1α expression in astrocytes after ischemic preconditioning","attachmentId":87648484,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81691697/Hypoxia_independent_mechanisms_of_HIF_1%CE%B1_expression_in_astrocytes_after_ischemic_preconditioning","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81691697/Hypoxia_independent_mechanisms_of_HIF_1%CE%B1_expression_in_astrocytes_after_ischemic_preconditioning"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="77341138" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77341138/The_Good_the_Bad_and_the_Cell_Type_Specific_Roles_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1_in_Neurons_and_Astrocytes">The Good, the Bad, and the Cell Type-Specific Roles of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 in Neurons and Astrocytes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32023921" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HowardFederoff">Howard Federoff</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Neuroscience, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Good, the Bad, and the Cell Type-Specific Roles of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 in Neurons and Astrocytes","attachmentId":84742112,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77341138/The_Good_the_Bad_and_the_Cell_Type_Specific_Roles_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1_in_Neurons_and_Astrocytes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77341138/The_Good_the_Bad_and_the_Cell_Type_Specific_Roles_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1_in_Neurons_and_Astrocytes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="118200696" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118200696/Brain_Specific_Knock_Out_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1%CE%B1_Reduces_Rather_Than_Increases_Hypoxic_Ischemic_Damage">Brain-Specific Knock-Out of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Reduces Rather Than Increases Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35809579" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ScottZeitlin">Scott Zeitlin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Journal of Neuroscience, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an essential role in cellular and systemic O2homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes important in glycolysis, erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and catecholamine metabolism. 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Although the role of HIF-1α has been extensively ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Brain-Specific Knock-Out of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Reduces Rather Than Increases Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage","attachmentId":113882756,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118200696/Brain_Specific_Knock_Out_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1%CE%B1_Reduces_Rather_Than_Increases_Hypoxic_Ischemic_Damage","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/29510709/Brain_Specific_Knock_Out_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1_Reduces_Rather_Than_Increases_Hypoxic_Ischemic_Damage"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="65533217" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65533217/Exogenous_low_dose_hydrogen_peroxide_increases_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1alpha_protein_expression_and_induces_preconditioning_protection_against_ischemia_in_primary_cortical_neurons">Exogenous low dose hydrogen peroxide increases hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha protein expression and induces preconditioning protection against ischemia in primary cortical neurons</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32903116" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DonnaFerriero">Donna Ferriero</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Neuroscience Letters, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Exogenous low dose hydrogen peroxide increases hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha protein expression and induces preconditioning protection against ischemia in primary cortical neurons","attachmentId":77086874,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/65533217/Exogenous_low_dose_hydrogen_peroxide_increases_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1alpha_protein_expression_and_induces_preconditioning_protection_against_ischemia_in_primary_cortical_neurons","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65533217/Exogenous_low_dose_hydrogen_peroxide_increases_hypoxia_inducible_factor_1alpha_protein_expression_and_induces_preconditioning_protection_against_ischemia_in_primary_cortical_neurons"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="101081599" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101081599/Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1%CE%B1_Attenuates_Ischemic_Brain_Damage_by_Modulating_Inflammatory_Response_and_Glial_Activity">Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Attenuates Ischemic Brain Damage by Modulating Inflammatory Response and Glial Activity</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="267931331" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarongFang">Marong Fang</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cells, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 can sufficiently control the progress of neurological symptoms after ischemic stroke owing to their actions associated with its downstream genes. In this study, we evaluated the role of HIF-1α in attenuating brain damage after endothelin-1 injection. Focal cerebral ischemia in mice were induced by endothelin-1 microinjection. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activator, dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and HIF-1α inhibitor, acriflavine (ACF), were used to evaluate the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activity during cerebral ischemia. The expression levels of HIF-1α, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phosphorylated I-kappa-B-alpha/total I-kappa-B-alpha (p-IκBα/IκBα) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were assessed. Besides, mRNA levels of IL-10, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), and NF-kB were also analyzed. Results showed a noticeable increase in hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and IL-10 levels in the D...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Attenuates Ischemic Brain Damage by Modulating Inflammatory Response and Glial Activity","attachmentId":101719430,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101081599/Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1%CE%B1_Attenuates_Ischemic_Brain_Damage_by_Modulating_Inflammatory_Response_and_Glial_Activity","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101081599/Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1%CE%B1_Attenuates_Ischemic_Brain_Damage_by_Modulating_Inflammatory_Response_and_Glial_Activity"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="121633964" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/121633964/Impact_of_Hypoxia_on_Astrocyte_Induced_Pathogenesis">Impact of Hypoxia on Astrocyte Induced Pathogenesis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="298030027" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NIDAALFIANACHOIRPENDIDIKANAGAMAISLAM">NIDA ALFIANA CHOIR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Astrocytes in Brain Communication and Disease [Working Title]</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Astrocytes are the most abundant cells of the central nervous system. These cells are of diverse types based on their function and structure. Astrocyte activation is linked mainly with microbial infections, but long-term activation can lead to neurological impairment. Astrocytes play a significant role in neuro-inflammation by activating pro-inflammatory pathways. Activation of interleukins and cytokines causes neuroinflammation resulting in many neurodegenerative disorders such as stroke, growth of tumours, and Alzheimer’s. Inflammation of the brain hinders neural circulation and compromises blood flow by affecting the blood–brain barrier. So the oxygen concentration is lowered, causing brain hypoxia. Hypoxia leads to the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), which aggravates the inflammatory state of the brain. Hypoxia evoked changes in the blood–brain barrier, further complicating astrocyte-induced pathogenesis.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Impact of Hypoxia on Astrocyte Induced Pathogenesis","attachmentId":116465288,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/121633964/Impact_of_Hypoxia_on_Astrocyte_Induced_Pathogenesis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/121633964/Impact_of_Hypoxia_on_Astrocyte_Induced_Pathogenesis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="20474347" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20474347/Simultaneous_activation_of_several_second_messengers_in_hypoxia_induced_hyperpermeability_of_brain_derived_endothelial_cells">Simultaneous activation of several second messengers in hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability of brain derived endothelial cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40799144" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WSchaper">Wolfgang Schaper</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="17870707" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17870707/Hypoxia_inducible_factor_1_HIF_1_independent_microvascular_angiogenesis_in_the_aged_rat_brain">Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)-independent microvascular angiogenesis in the aged rat brain</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32868221" href="https://case.academia.edu/JosephLamanna">Joseph C LaManna</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Brain Research, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hypoxia-inducible 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class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23996438/Normobaric_Hypoxia_Induces_Tolerance_to_Focal_Permanent_Cerebral_Ischemia_in_Association_With_an_Increased_Expression_of_Hypoxia_Inducible_Factor_1_and_Its_Target_Genes_Erythropoietin_and_VEGF_in_the_Adult_Mouse_Brain">Normobaric Hypoxia Induces Tolerance to Focal Permanent Cerebral Ischemia in Association With an Increased Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 and Its Target Genes, Erythropoietin and VEGF, in the Adult Mouse Brain</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46346262" href="https://unicaen.academia.edu/EricMacKenzie">Eric MacKenzie</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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