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leaf</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: walnut leaf"> <meta name="keywords" content="walnut leaf"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="walnut leaf"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 716</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: walnut leaf</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">716</span> Comparison of the Effects of Fresh Leaf, Septum and Peel Extracts of Walnut on Blood Glucose and Pancreatic Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahmineh%20Hasanzadeh">Tahmineh Hasanzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afshin%20Farahbakhsh"> Afshin Farahbakhsh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is some report about the hypoglycemic effect of Juglans rejia L. leaf in alloxan induced diabetic rats and hypoglycemic effect of its fruit peel administered intraperitoneally.In Iranian traditional medicine, septum of walnut shell (SWS) was recommended to reduce blood glucose. For this purpose, 41 male bulb/C mice 25-30 gm were divided into five groups. All the animals received IP injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (220 mg/kg). Two weeks later, the diabetic animals were received daily oral treatment of normal saline and aqueous extract of SWS (200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg) respectively for four weeks. Blood samples were taken from retro orbital sinus before the start of the experiment and repeated each two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and the pancreatic tissues were fixed, prepared and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin for light microscope studies. The results showed that in each group, the SWS extract reduced blood glucose in a long time (p < 0.05). metabolic extract in STZ- induced diabetic rats, which was accompanied by the hypoglycemic effect of leaf extract. However, this effect should be determined with scientific researches. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of SWS on blood glucose and histopathological structure of pancreas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=septum%20of%20walnut" title="septum of walnut">septum of walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20glucose" title=" blood glucose"> blood glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pancreas" title=" pancreas"> pancreas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf" title=" walnut leaf"> walnut leaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20peel" title=" walnut peel"> walnut peel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin" title=" insulin"> insulin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46409/comparison-of-the-effects-of-fresh-leaf-septum-and-peel-extracts-of-walnut-on-blood-glucose-and-pancreatic-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">715</span> Determination of the Effectiveness of Some Methods Used in Greater Wax Moth (Galleria mellonella L.) in Honeycombs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neslihan%20Ozsoy%20Taskiran">Neslihan Ozsoy Taskiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miray%20Dayioglu"> Miray Dayioglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belgin%20Gunbey"> Belgin Gunbey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banu%20Yucel"> Banu Yucel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cigdem%20Takma"> Cigdem Takma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unal%20Karik"> Unal Karik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugce%20Olgun"> Tugce Olgun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levent%20Aydin"> Levent Aydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.), which is one of the most important pests after Varroa, plays a role in the transportation of many pathogens into the hive as well as damage to the honeycombs, and beekeepers suffer economically. Due to the risk that some of the methods against this pest may cause residue in bee products, and it can be harmful to the health of people who consume these products. Therefore, the most appropriate, most economical, and effective method should be applied in the moth control. For this purpose, in the first phase of the project (2017-2018), planned to be 2-stage in the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute in 2017-2020, the honeycombs, certified with good agricultural practice, were kept in a favorable condition for moths. Later, applications (Sulfur - B401 - Walnut (Leaf & Smoker) - lavender essential oil (1cc & 2cc & 3cc & 4cc) - laurel essential oil (1cc & 2cc & 3cc & 4cc) - control) were applied to the honeycombs with moths. In 2017, the B401 group had the highest wax moth damage area, and the group with the lowest wax moth damage area was determined as lavender 1cc; In 2018, the highest wax moth damage area was found in the walnut smoker group, while the lowest wax moth damage area was found in sulfur, walnut leaves, laurel 1cc - 2cc - 4cc, lavender 1cc - 2cc - 3cc - 4cc and control groups. In addition, sulfur residue amount (mean 128,18 mg/kg) in honeycomb was measured in the sulfur-treated group. Phase 1 of the project was completed, and the most important sub-groups among walnut (leaf) - lavender (1cc) and laurel (4cc) groups were identified. Accordingly, it is planned to carry out these treatments ((sulfur - B401 - walnut (leaf) - lavender (1cc) and laurel (4cc)) on honeycombs with do not contain moths, and later, it is planned to examine the effects of the treatment on the offspring area and honey yield by giving these honeycombs to the hives, in the 2nd stage of the project (2019-2020). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey%20bee" title="honey bee">honey bee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lavender%20essential%20oil" title=" lavender essential oil"> lavender essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laurel%20essential%20oil" title=" laurel essential oil"> laurel essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut" title=" walnut"> walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wax%20moth" title=" wax moth"> wax moth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127984/determination-of-the-effectiveness-of-some-methods-used-in-greater-wax-moth-galleria-mellonella-l-in-honeycombs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">714</span> Catalytic and Non-Catalytic Pyrolysis of Walnut Shell Waste to Biofuel: Characterisation of Catalytic Biochar and Biooil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saimatun%20Nisa">Saimatun Nisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Walnut is an important export product from the Union Territory of Jammy and Kashmir. After extraction of the kernel, the walnut shell forms a solid waste that needs to be managed. Pyrolysis is one interesting option for the utilization of this walnut waste. In this study microwave pyrolysis reactor is used to convert the walnut shell biomass into its value-added products. Catalytic and non-catalytic conversion of walnut shell waste to oil, gas and char was evaluated using a Co-based catalyst. The catalyst was characterized using XPS and SEM analysis. Pyrolysis temperature, reaction time, particle size and sweeping gas (N₂) flow rate were set in the ranges of 400–600 °C, 40 min, <0.6mm to < 4.75mm and 300 ml min−1, respectively. The heating rate was fixed at 40 °C min−1. Maximum gas yield was obtained at 600 °C, 40 min, particle size range 1.18-2.36, 0.5 molar catalytic as 45.2%. The liquid product catalytic and non-catalytic was characterized by GC–MS analyses. In addition, the solid product was analyzed by means of FTIR & SEM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20shell" title="walnut shell">walnut shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biooil" title=" biooil"> biooil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title=" biochar"> biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20pyrolysis" title=" microwave pyrolysis"> microwave pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185833/catalytic-and-non-catalytic-pyrolysis-of-walnut-shell-waste-to-biofuel-characterisation-of-catalytic-biochar-and-biooil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">713</span> Preparation and Characterization of Maltodextrin Microcapsules Containing Walnut Green Husk Extract </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Cheraghali">Fatemeh Cheraghali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeedeh%20Shojaee-Aliabadi"> Saeedeh Shojaee-Aliabadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyede%20Marzieh%20Hosseini"> Seyede Marzieh Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Mirmoghtadaie"> Leila Mirmoghtadaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the field of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds is one of the main research topics in the food industry. Application of agricultural residues is mainly cheap, and available resources are receiving increased attention. Walnut green husk is one of the agricultural residues that is considered as natural compounds with biological properties because of phenolic compounds. In this study, maltodextrin 10% was used for microencapsulation of walnut green husk extract. At first, the extract was examined to consider extraction yield, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activation. The results showed the extraction yield of 81.43%, total phenolic compounds of 3997 [mg GAE/100 g], antioxidant activity [DPPH] of 84.85% for walnut green husk extract. Antioxidant activity is about 75%-81% and by DPPH. At the next stage, microencapsulation was done by spry-drying method. The microencapsulation efficiency was 72%-79%. The results of SEM tests confirmed this microencapsulation process. In addition, microencapsulated and free extract was more effective on gram-positive bacteria’s rather than the gram-negative ones. According to the study, walnut green husk can be used as a cheap antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds due to sufficient value of phenolic compounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolymer" title="biopolymer">biopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microencapsulation" title=" microencapsulation"> microencapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spray-drying" title=" spray-drying"> spray-drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20green%20husk" title=" walnut green husk"> walnut green husk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98739/preparation-and-characterization-of-maltodextrin-microcapsules-containing-walnut-green-husk-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">712</span> First Report of Rahnella Victoriana Associated with Walnut Decline</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Hajialigol">Mohammadreza Hajialigol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nargues%20Falahi%20Charkhabi"> Nargues Falahi Charkhabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Shahryari"> Fatemeh Shahryari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadat%20Sarikhani"> Saadat Sarikhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Iran is the third producer of Persian walnut worldwide. However, its walnut trees have been under threat from decline during last decade. Walnut canker caused by B. nigrifluens and B. rubrifaciens was recorded in multiple regions of Iran. Furthermore, Brenneria rosae subsp. rosae and Gibbsiella quercinecans were recently recognized as responsible for walnut decline in northwestern Iran. This study aimed to identify the causal agent of walnut decline in Kermanshah and Isfahan. MATERIAL AND METHODS Symptomatic samples were collected from affected walnut trees of Kermanshah and Isfahan provinces. The pathogenicity of strains was proved on immature walnut fruits cv. ‘Hartley’ and young green twigs of two-year-old walnut seedling cv. ‘Chandler’. Pathogenic strains were subjected to conventional phenotypic tests. 16S rRNA, gyrB, and infB genes were partially amplified and sequenced. RESULTS Irregular longitudinal cankers and dark lesions were observed in the outer and inner bark, respectively. Twenty-four strains were isolated on EMB-agar media. Fourteen strains were able to cause necrosis and a dark-colored region in the mesocarp and on young green twigs around the inoculation site 14 and 30 days post-inoculation, respectively. Strains were able to hydrolyze Tween 20, Tween 80, gelatin and esculin, however, did not produce indole or urease. Pairwise comparison, the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences of strain I2 were 100% identical with those of Rahnella victoriana FRB 225T. Moreover, a phylogenetic tree reconstructed based on the concatenated sequences of two housekeeping gene fragments, gyrB (601 bp) and infB (615 bp), revealed that the strains I2, I5, and KE6 were clustered with R. victoriana FRB 225T. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of R. victoriana in association with walnut decline. This result is necessary to find resistant genotypes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20pathogens" title="emerging pathogens">emerging pathogens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=juglans%20regia" title=" juglans regia"> juglans regia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MLSA" title=" MLSA"> MLSA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172638/first-report-of-rahnella-victoriana-associated-with-walnut-decline" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">711</span> Characterization of Candlenut Shells and Its Application to Remove Oil and Fine Solids of Produced Water in Nutshell Filters of Water Cleaning Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annur%20Suhadi">Annur Suhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haris%20B.%20Harahap"> Haris B. Harahap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaim%20Arrosyidi"> Zaim Arrosyidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Epan"> Epan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darmapala"> Darmapala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oilfields under waterflood often face the problem of plugging injectors either by internal filtration or external filter cake built up inside pore throats. The content of suspended solids shall be reduced to required level of filtration since corrective action of plugging is costly expensive. The performance of nutshell filters, where filtration takes place, is good using pecan and walnut shells. Candlenut shells were used instead of pecan and walnut shells since they were abundant in Indonesia, Malaysia, and East Africa. Physical and chemical properties of walnut, pecan, and candlenut shells were tested and the results were compared. Testing, using full-scale nutshell filters, was conducted to determine the oil content, turbidity, and suspended solid removal, which was based on designed flux rate. The performance of candlenut shells, which were deeply bedded in nutshell filters for filtration process, was monitored. Cleaned water outgoing nutshell filters had total suspended solids of 17 ppm, while oil content could be reduced to 15.1 ppm. Turbidity, using candlenut shells, was below the specification for injection water, which was less than 10 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU). Turbidity of water, outgoing nutshell filter, was ranged from 1.7-5.0 NTU at various dates of operation. Walnut, pecan, and candlenut shells had moisture content of 8.98 wt%, 10.95 wt%, and 9.95 wt%, respectively. The porosity of walnut, pecan, and candlenut shells was significantly affected by moisture content. Candlenut shells had property of toluene solubility of 7.68 wt%, which was much higher than walnut shells, reflecting more crude oil adsorption. The hardness of candlenut shells was 2.5-3 Mohs, which was close to walnut shells’ hardness. It was advantage to guarantee the cleaning filter cake by fluidization process during backwashing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candlenut%20shells" title="candlenut shells">candlenut shells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutshell%20filter" title=" nutshell filter"> nutshell filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pecan%20shells" title=" pecan shells"> pecan shells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20shells" title=" walnut shells "> walnut shells </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118388/characterization-of-candlenut-shells-and-its-application-to-remove-oil-and-fine-solids-of-produced-water-in-nutshell-filters-of-water-cleaning-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">710</span> Walnut (Juglans Regia) Extracts: Investigation of Antioxidant Effect, Total Phenols and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Saki">N. Saki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nalbantoglu"> S. Nalbantoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akin"> M. Akin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Arabaci"> G. Arabaci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Walnut has a great range of phenolic profile and it is used in Asia and Africa for treatment of many diseases and cancer. Phenolic compounds play a number of crucial roles in complex metabolism of plants and of also fruit trees. Consumption of certain phenolics in the food is considered beneficial for human nutrition. Phenolic compounds known as anti-radical inactivators with their high antioxidant activities and these activities play an important role in inhibition of multi-metal corrosion. Many common corrosion inhibitors that are still in use today are health hazards. Therefore, there is still an increased attention directed towards the development of environmentally compatible, nonpolluting corrosion inhibitors. The present study reports the total phenols content, antioxidant potentials and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the walnut (Juglans regia L.) produced in Turkey. The anti-tyrosinase activity was investigated for walnut at 2 h extraction time and all extracts exhibited tyrosinase activity. The results of this study suggested that walnut can be used as an excellent, easily accessible source of natural antioxidant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juglans%20Regia" title=" Juglans Regia"> Juglans Regia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenols" title=" total phenols"> total phenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tyrosinase%20activity" title=" tyrosinase activity"> tyrosinase activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12885/walnut-juglans-regia-extracts-investigation-of-antioxidant-effect-total-phenols-and-tyrosinase-inhibitory-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">709</span> Citrobacter Braakii, a New Plant Pathogen, Causal Agent of Walnut Decline</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20Hajialigol">Mohammadreza Hajialigol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nargues%20Falahi%20Charkhabi"> Nargues Falahi Charkhabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Shahryari"> Fatemeh Shahryari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadat%20Sarikhani"> Saadat Sarikhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Walnut canker is characterized by brown to blackish roundish blotches on the trunks and main branches, necrosis of inner bark and bleeding with dark brown to black-colored exudates. The present study aimed to identify the causative agents of walnut decline by their phenotypic features, approval of pathogenicity, the partial sequencing of the housekeeping genes in Razavi Khorasan. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten Symptomatic samples were collected from walnut orchards of Razavi Khorasan in 2019. Pathogenicity of all isolated strains was carried out on walnut immature fruits cv. ‘Hartley’ and young green twigs of cv. ‘Chandler’. All pathogenic strains were subjected to physiological, morphological and biochemical tests. 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (fusA, leuS, and pyrG) were partially amplified and sequenced. RESULTS Eight strains were able to cause necrosis and a dark-colored region in the mesocarp of immature walnut fruits, and three representative strains caused necrosis on young inoculated twigs. Strains utilized starch, however, did not utilized esculin, Tween 20, Tween 80, and gelatin. The partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KH7 indicated 99.63 % similarity to that of Citrobacter braakii ATCC5113T. The phylogenetic analyses based on the partial sequencing of three housekeeping genes, fusA (633 bp), pyrG (305), and leuS (640 bp), demonstrated that strains KH1, KH3, and KH7 belong to C. braakii species in a monophyletic clade with high bootstrap support. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. braakii as a new plant pathogen which cause walnut decline. Identification of bacteria associated with walnut decline will eventually improve our understanding of the etiology of the disease and may result in improved management techniques for control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20pathogens" title="emerging pathogens">emerging pathogens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=juglans%20regia" title=" juglans regia"> juglans regia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MLSA" title=" MLSA"> MLSA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172635/citrobacter-braakii-a-new-plant-pathogen-causal-agent-of-walnut-decline" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">708</span> A Comparative Study of Standard, Casted, and Riveted Eye Design of a Mono Leaf Spring Using CAE Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gian%20Bhushan">Gian Bhushan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinkel%20Arora"> Vinkel Arora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Aggarwal"> M. L. Aggarwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present study is to determine better eye end design of a mono leaf spring used in light motor vehicle. A conventional 65Si7 spring steel leaf spring model with standard eye, casted and riveted eye end are considered. The CAD model of the leaf springs is prepared in CATIA and analyzed using ANSYS. The standard eye, casted, and riveted eye leaf springs are subjected to similar loading conditions. The CAE analysis of the leaf spring is performed for various parameters like deflection and Von-Mises stress. Mass reduction of 62.9% is achieved in case of riveted eye mono leaf spring as compared to standard eye mono leaf spring for the same loading conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAE" title="CAE">CAE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20spring" title=" leaf spring"> leaf spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard" title=" standard"> standard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=casted" title=" casted"> casted</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=riveted%20eye" title=" riveted eye"> riveted eye</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15462/a-comparative-study-of-standard-casted-and-riveted-eye-design-of-a-mono-leaf-spring-using-cae-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">707</span> Computational Analyses of Persian Walnut Genetic Data: Notes on Genetic Diversity and Cultivar Phylogeny</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Sheidaei">Masoud Sheidaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melica%20Tabasi"> Melica Tabasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Koohdar"> Fahimeh Koohdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Sheidaei"> Mona Sheidaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Juglans regia L. is an economically important species of edible nuts. Iran is known as a center of origin of genetically rich walnut germplasm and expected to be found a large diversity within Iranian walnut populations. A detailed population genetic of local populations is useful for developing an optimal strategy for in situ conservation and can assist the breeders in crop improvement programs. Different phylogenetic studies have been carried out in this genus, but none has been concerned with genetic changes associated with geographical divergence and the identification of adaptive SNPs. Therefore, we carried out the present study to identify discriminating ITS nucleotides among Juglans species and also reveal association between ITS SNPs and geographical variables. We used different computations approaches like DAPC, CCA, and RDA analyses for the above-mentioned tasks. We also performed population genetics analyses for population effective size changes associated with the species expansion. The results obtained suggest that latitudinal distribution has a more profound effect on the species genetic changes. Similarly, multiple analytical approaches utilized for the identification of both discriminating DNA nucleotides/ SNPs almost produced congruent results. The SNPs with different phylogenetic importance were also identified by using a parsimony approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20walnut" title="Persian walnut">Persian walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20SNPs" title=" adaptive SNPs"> adaptive SNPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20analyses" title=" data analyses"> data analyses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title=" genetic diversity"> genetic diversity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148098/computational-analyses-of-persian-walnut-genetic-data-notes-on-genetic-diversity-and-cultivar-phylogeny" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">706</span> Fracture and Dynamic Behavior of Leaf Spring Suspension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Lecheb">S. Lecheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Chellil"> A. Chellil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mechakra"> H. Mechakra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Attou"> S. Attou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Kebir"> H. Kebir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although leaf springs are one of the oldest suspension components they are still frequently used, especially in commercial vehicles. Being able to capture the leaf spring characteristics is of significant importance for vehicle handling dynamics studies. The main function of leaf spring is not only to support vertical load but also to isolate road induced vibrations. It is subjected to millions of load cycles leading to fatigue failure. It needs to have excellent fatigue life. The objective of this work is its use of Abaqus software to locate the most stressed areas and predict the areas in which it occurs in fatigue and crack of leaf spring and calculate the stress and frequencies of this model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20spring" title="leaf spring">leaf spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack" title=" crack"> crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20frequencies" title=" natural frequencies"> natural frequencies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42368/fracture-and-dynamic-behavior-of-leaf-spring-suspension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">705</span> Genetic Diversity Analysis in Ecological Populations of Persian Walnut</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Sheidai">Masoud Sheidai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Koohdar"> Fahimeh Koohdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashem%20Sharifi"> Hashem Sharifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Juglans regia (L.) commonly known as Persian walnut of the genus Juglans L. (Juglandaceae) is one of the most important cultivated plant species due to its high-quality wood and edible nuts. The genetic diversity analysis is essential for conservation and management of tree species. Persian walnut is native from South-Eastern Europe to North-Western China through Tibet, Nepal, Northern India, Pakistan, and Iran. The species like Persian walnut, which has a wide range of geographical distribution, should harbor extensive genetic variability to adapt to environmental fluctuations they face. We aimed to study the population genetic structure of seven Persian walnut populations including three wild and four cultivated populations by using ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeats) and SRAP (Sequence related amplified polymorphism) molecular markers. We also aimed to compare the genetic variability revealed by ISSR neutral multilocus marker and rDNA ITS sequences. The studied populations differed in morphological features as the samples in each population were clustered together and were separate from the other populations. Three wild populations studied were placed close to each other. The mantel test after 5000 times permutation performed between geographical distance and morphological distance in Persian walnut populations produced significant correlation (r = 0.48, P = 0.002). Therefore, as the populations become farther apart, they become more divergent in morphological features. ISSR analysis produced 47 bands/ loci, while we obtained 15 SRAP bands. Gst and other differentiation statistics determined for these loci revealed that most of the ISSR and SRAP loci have very good discrimination power and can differentiate the studied populations. AMOVA performed for these loci produced a significant difference (< 0.05) supporting the above-said result. AMOVA produced significant genetic difference based on ISSR data among the studied populations (PhiPT = 0.52, P = 0.001). AMOVA revealed that 53% of the total variability is due to among population genetic difference, while 47% is due to within population genetic variability. The results showed that both multilocus molecular markers and ITS sequences can differentiate Persian walnut populations. The studied populations differed genetically and showed isolation by distance (IBD). ITS sequence based MP and Bayesian phylogenetic trees revealed that Iranian walnut cultivars form a distinct clade separated from the cultivars studied from elsewhere. Almost all clades obtained have high bootstrap value. The results indicated that a combination of multilpcus and sequencing molecular markers can be used in genetic differentiation of Persian walnut. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title="genetic diversity">genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population" title=" population"> population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20markers" title=" molecular markers"> molecular markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20difference" title=" genetic difference"> genetic difference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97640/genetic-diversity-analysis-in-ecological-populations-of-persian-walnut" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">704</span> Image-Based (RBG) Technique for Estimating Phosphorus Levels of Different Crops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Ali">M. M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al-%20Ani"> Ahmed Al- Ani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derek%20Eamus"> Derek Eamus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20K.%20Y.%20Tan"> Daniel K. Y. Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this glasshouse study, we developed the new image-based non-destructive technique for detecting leaf P status of different crops such as cotton, tomato and lettuce. Plants were allowed to grow on nutrient media containing different P concentrations, i.e. 0%, 50% and 100% of recommended P concentration (P0 = no P, L; P1 = 2.5 mL 10 L-1 of P and P2 = 5 mL 10 L-1 of P as NaH2PO4). After 10 weeks of growth, plants were harvested and data on leaf P contents were collected using the standard destructive laboratory method and at the same time leaf images were collected by a handheld crop image sensor. We calculated leaf area, leaf perimeter and RGB (red, green and blue) values of these images. This data was further used in the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to estimate leaf P contents, which successfully classified these plants on the basis of leaf P contents. The data indicated that P deficiency in crop plants can be predicted using the image and morphological data. Our proposed non-destructive imaging method is precise in estimating P requirements of different crop species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image-based%20techniques" title="image-based techniques">image-based techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20area" title=" leaf area"> leaf area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20P%20contents" title=" leaf P contents"> leaf P contents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20discriminant%20analysis" title=" linear discriminant analysis"> linear discriminant analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37572/image-based-rbg-technique-for-estimating-phosphorus-levels-of-different-crops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">703</span> Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Storage Temperatures on Quality of Shelled Raw Walnuts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Javanmard">M. Javanmard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at analyzing the effects of packaging (MAP) and preservation conditions on the packaged fresh walnut kernel quality. The central composite plan was used for evaluating the effect of oxygen (0–10%), carbon dioxide (0-10%), and temperature (4-26 °C) on qualitative characteristics of walnut kernels. Also, the response level technique was used to find the optimal conditions for interactive effects of factors, as well as estimating the best conditions of process using least amount of testing. Measured qualitative parameters were: peroxide index, color, decreased weight, mould and yeast counting test, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the defined model for peroxide index, color, weight loss, and sensory evaluation is significant (p < 0.001), so that increase of temperature causes the peroxide value, color variation, and weight loss to increase and it reduces the overall acceptability of walnut kernels. An increase in oxygen percentage caused the color variation level and peroxide value to increase and resulted in lower overall acceptability of the walnuts. An increase in CO<sub>2</sub> percentage caused the peroxide value to decrease, but did not significantly affect other indices (p ≥ 0.05). Mould and yeast were not found in any samples. Optimal packaging conditions to achieve maximum quality of walnuts include: 1.46% oxygen, 10% carbon dioxide, and temperature of 4 °C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelled%20walnut" title="shelled walnut">shelled walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAP" title=" MAP"> MAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20temperature" title=" storage temperature"> storage temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20267/effect-of-modified-atmosphere-packaging-and-storage-temperatures-on-quality-of-shelled-raw-walnuts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">702</span> Effect of Cooking Time, Seed-To-Water Ratio and Soaking Time on the Proximate Composition and Functional Properties of Tetracarpidium conophorum (Nigerian Walnut) Seeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20O.%20Idoko">J. O. Idoko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20N.%20Michael"> C. N. Michael</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20O.%20Fasuan"> T. O. Fasuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the effects of cooking time, seed-to-water ratio and soaking time on proximate and functional properties of African walnut seed using Box-Behnken design and Response Surface Methodology (BBD-RSM) with a view to increase its utilization in the food industry. African walnut seeds were sorted washed, soaked, cooked, dehulled, sliced, dried and milled. Proximate analysis and functional properties of the samples were evaluated using standard procedures. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Quadratic models were obtained to predict the proximate and functional qualities as a function of cooking time, seed-to-water ratio and soaking time. The results showed that the crude protein ranged between 11.80% and 23.50%, moisture content ranged between 1.00% and 4.66%, ash content ranged between 3.35% and 5.25%, crude fibre ranged from 0.10% to 7.25% and carbohydrate ranged from 1.22% to 29.35%. The functional properties showed that soluble protein ranged from 16.26% to 42.96%, viscosity ranged from 23.43 mPas to 57 mPas, emulsifying capacity ranged from 17.14% to 39.43% and water absorption capacity ranged from 232% to 297%. An increase in the volume of water used during cooking resulted in loss of water soluble protein through leaching, the length of soaking time and the moisture content of the dried product are inversely related, ash content is inversely related to the cooking time and amount of water used, extraction of fat is enhanced by increase in soaking time while increase in cooking and soaking times result into decrease in fibre content. The results obtained indicated that African walnut could be used in several food formulations as protein supplement and binder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20walnut" title="African walnut">African walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20properties" title=" functional properties"> functional properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximate%20analysis" title=" proximate analysis"> proximate analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11005/effect-of-cooking-time-seed-to-water-ratio-and-soaking-time-on-the-proximate-composition-and-functional-properties-of-tetracarpidium-conophorum-nigerian-walnut-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">701</span> The Green Synthesis AgNPs from Basil Leaf Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanida%20Wonsawat">Wanida Wonsawat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bioreduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver ions (Ag+) using water extract of Thai basil leaf was successfully carried out. The basil leaf extract provided a reducing agent and stabilizing agent for a synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles received from cut and uncut basil leaf was compared. The resulting silver nanoparticles are characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The maximum intensities of silver nanoparticle from cut and uncut basil leaf were 410 and 420, respectively. The techniques involved are simple, eco-friendly and rapid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basil%20leaves" title="basil leaves">basil leaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20synthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20extract" title=" plant extract"> plant extract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9654/the-green-synthesis-agnps-from-basil-leaf-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">700</span> Isotopes Used in Comparing Indigenous and International Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Varieties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raluca%20Popescu">Raluca Popescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Costinel"> Diana Costinel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisabeta-Irina%20Geana"> Elisabeta-Irina Geana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oana-Romina%20Botoran"> Oana-Romina Botoran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roxana-Elena%20Ionete"> Roxana-Elena Ionete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazan%20Falah%20Jadee%20%27Alabedallat"> Yazan Falah Jadee 'Alabedallat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihai%20Botu"> Mihai Botu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Walnut production is high in Romania, different varieties being cultivated dependent on high yield, disease resistance or quality of produce. Walnuts have a highly nutritional composition, the kernels containing essential fatty acids, where the unsaturated fraction is higher than in other types of nuts, quinones, tannins, minerals. Walnut consumption can lower the cholesterol, improve the arterial function and reduce inflammation. The purpose of this study is to determine and compare the composition of walnuts of indigenous and international varieties all grown in Romania, in order to identify high-quality indigenous varieties. Oil has been extracted from the nuts of 34 varieties, the fatty acids composition and IV (iodine value) being afterwards measured by NMR. Furthermore, δ13C of the extracted oil had been measured by IRMS to find specific isotopic fingerprints that can be used in authenticating the varieties. Chemometrics had been applied to the data in order to identify similarities and differences between the varieties. The total saturated fatty acids content (SFA) varied between n.d. and 23% molar, oleic acid between 17 and 35%, linoleic acid between 38 and 59%, linolenic acid between 8 and 14%, corresponding to iodine values (IV - total amount of unsaturation) ranging from 100 to 135. The varieties separated in four groups according to the fatty acids composition, each group containing an international variety, making possible the classification of the indigenous ones. At both ends of the unsaturation spectrum, international varieties had been found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B413C-IRMS" title="δ13C-IRMS">δ13C-IRMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acids%20composition" title=" fatty acids composition"> fatty acids composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1H-NMR" title=" 1H-NMR"> 1H-NMR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20varieties" title=" walnut varieties"> walnut varieties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60143/isotopes-used-in-comparing-indigenous-and-international-walnut-juglans-regia-l-varieties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">699</span> Interactions between Water-Stress and VA Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Plant Growth and Leaf-Water Potential in Tomato</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Alizadeh%20Oskuie">Parisa Alizadeh Oskuie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Baghban%20Ciruse"> Shahram Baghban Ciruse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus(Glomus mossea) on plant growth and leaf-water potential of tomato (lycopersicum esculentum L.cv.super star) were studied in potted culture water stress stress period of 3 months in greenhouse conditions with the soil matric potential maintained at Fc1, Fc2, Fc3, and Fc4 respectively (0.8,0.7,0.6,0.5 Fc). Seven-day-old seedlings of tomato were transferred to pots containing Glomus mossea or non-AMF. AM colonization significantly stimulated shoot dry matter and leaf-water potential but water stress significantly decreased leaf area, shoot dry matter colonization and leaf-water potential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf-water%20potential" title="leaf-water potential">leaf-water potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20growth" title=" plant growth"> plant growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato" title=" tomato"> tomato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VA%20mycorrhiza" title=" VA mycorrhiza"> VA mycorrhiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-stress" title=" water-stress "> water-stress </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16478/interactions-between-water-stress-and-va-mycorrhizal-inoculation-on-plant-growth-and-leaf-water-potential-in-tomato" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">698</span> Effect of Lime and Leaf Ash on Engineering Properties of Red Mud</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawandeep%20Kaur">Pawandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Garg"> Prashant Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Red mud is a byproduct of aluminum extraction from Bauxite industry. It is dumped in a pond which not only uses thousands of acres of land but having very high pH, it pollutes the ground water and the soil also. Leaves are yet another big waste especially during autumn when they contribute immensely to the blockage of drains and can easily catch fire, among other risks hence also needs to be utilized effectively. The use of leaf ash and red mud in highway construction as a filling material may be an efficient way to dispose of leaf ash and red mud. In this study, leaf ash and lime were used as admixtures to improve the geotechnical engineering properties of red mud. The red mud was taken from National Aluminum Company Limited, Odisha, and leaf ash was locally collected. The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of lime and leaf ash on compaction characteristics and strength characteristics of red mud. California Bearing Ratio and Unconfined Compression Strength tests were performed on red mud by varying different percentages of lime and leaf ash. Leaf ash was added in proportion 2%,4%,6%,8% and 10% whereas lime was added in proportions of 5% to 15%. Optimized value of lime was decided with respect to maximum CBR (California Bearing Ratio) of red mud mixed with different proportions of lime. An increase of 300% in California Bearing ratio of red mud and an increase of 125% in Unconfined Compression Strength values were observed. It may, therefore, be concluded that red mud may be effectively utilized in the highway industry as a filler material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization" title="stabilization">stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lime" title=" lime"> lime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title=" red mud"> red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20ash" title=" leaf ash"> leaf ash</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87827/effect-of-lime-and-leaf-ash-on-engineering-properties-of-red-mud" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">697</span> Dietary Supplementation with Coula edulis B. Walnuts Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Beyegue">Eric Beyegue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20Azantza"> Boris Azantza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judith%20Laure%20Ngondi"> Judith Laure Ngondi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julius%20E.%20Oben"> Julius E. Oben</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Dietary supplement may potentially help to fight obesity and other metabolic disorders such as adipogenesis, insulin resistance, and inflammation. The present study aimed to test whether supplementation with African walnuts (Aw) could have an effect on adipogenesis and others dysfunctions associated with obesity in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were fed with standard diet (SD) or high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFS) and HFS with supplemented (HFS-Aw) for eight weeks. Results: HFS diet-induced body weight gain and increased fat mass compared to SD. In addition HFS-fed rats developed fasting hyperglycaemia and insulinaemia as well as insulin resistance. Aw supplementation in HFS rats had a protective effect against adipose tissues weigh gain but slightly against body weight gain and major study related disorders. This could be mainly due to decreased food intake dependently of effect in food intake in central nervous system, which decreased in HFS rats supplemented with African walnut compared to the HFS-diet group. Interestingly, African walnut supplementation induced a slight decrease of fasting glycaemia, insulinaemia and Nitric Oxide which could partially explain its minor protective effect against diet-induced insulin resistance. Additionally a decrease in hepatic TG and transaminases levels suggesting a protective effect against liver injury. Conclusion: Taken together these data suggested that supplementation of African walnut could be used to prevent adipose weight gain and related disorders on the other hand, minimally reduced insulin resistance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20walnut" title="African walnut">African walnut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20fiber" title=" dietary fiber"> dietary fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title=" insulin resistance"> insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64502/dietary-supplementation-with-coula-edulis-b-walnuts-prevents-diet-induced-obesity-and-insulin-resistance-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">696</span> Evaluation of Non-Destructive Application to Detect Pesticide Residue on Leaf Mustard Using Spectroscopic Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazmi%20Mat%20Nawi">Nazmi Mat Nawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Najib%20Mohamad%20Nor"> Muhamad Najib Mohamad Nor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che%20Dini%20Maryani%20Ishkandar"> Che Dini Maryani Ishkandar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to evaluate the capability of spectroscopic methods to detect the presence of pesticide residues on leaf mustard. A total of 105 leaf mustard used were divided into five batches, four batches were treated with four different types of pesticides whereas one batch with no pesticide applied. Spectral data were obtained using visible shortwave near infrared spectrometer (VSWNIRS) which is Ocean Optics HR4000 High-resolution Miniature Fiber Optic Spectrometer. Reflectance value was collected to determine the difference between one pesticide to the other. The obtained spectral data were pre-processed for optimum performance. The effective wavelength of approximate 880 nm, 675-710 nm also 550 and 700 nm indicates the overtones -CH stretching vibration, tannin, also chlorophyll content present in the leaf mustard respectively. This study has successfully demonstrated that the spectroscopic method was able to differentiate between leaf mustard sample with and without pesticide residue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detect" title="detect">detect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20mustard" title=" leaf mustard"> leaf mustard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive" title=" non-destructive"> non-destructive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticide%20residue" title=" pesticide residue"> pesticide residue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68852/evaluation-of-non-destructive-application-to-detect-pesticide-residue-on-leaf-mustard-using-spectroscopic-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">695</span> Oil Palm Leaf and Corn Stalk, Mechanical Properties and Surface Characterization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zawawi%20Daud">Zawawi Daud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agro waste can be defined as waste from agricultural plant. Oil palm leaf and corn stalk can be categorized as ago waste material. At first, the comparison between oil palm leaf and corn stalk by mechanical properties from soda pulping process. After that, focusing on surface characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Both material have a potential due to mechanical properties (tensile, tear, burst and fold) and surface characterization but corn stalk shows more in strength and compactness due to fiber characterization compared to oil palm leaf. This study promoting the green technology in develop a friendly product and suitable to be used as an alternative pulp in paper making industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber" title="fiber">fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm%20leaf" title=" oil palm leaf"> oil palm leaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn%20stalk" title=" corn stalk"> corn stalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20technology" title=" green technology"> green technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21503/oil-palm-leaf-and-corn-stalk-mechanical-properties-and-surface-characterization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">694</span> Papaya Leaf in Broiler Chicken Feed Reducing Lipid Peroxidation of Meat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ebrahimi">M. Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Maroufyan"> E. Maroufyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shakeri"> M. Shakeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Oskoueian"> E. Oskoueian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F%20Soleimani"> A. F Soleimani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Goh"> Y. M. Goh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lipid peroxidation is a main reason of low quality in meat and meat products. The free radical chain reaction is the major process of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radical and hydroperoxyl radical are the main starter of the chain reaction. Papaya leaf contains several secondary metabolites which can be used as a potential antioxidant in broiler feed. Hence, this research was carried out to evaluate the potential of papaya leaf to prevent lipid peroxidation and enhance the antioxidant activity of breast meat of broiler chicken. The results showed that supplementation of papaya leaf at 5%, significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the lipid peroxidation compared to control group. The supplementation of papaya leaf prevented from lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant activity of the broiler breast meat significantly (p < 0.05) after different storage periods. Papaya leaf reduced the lipid oxidation of meat during storage with strong free radical-scavenging ability. In conclusion, supplementation of papaya leaf in broiler diet to have high quality meat is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=papaya%20leaf" title=" papaya leaf"> papaya leaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20meat" title=" breast meat"> breast meat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17709/papaya-leaf-in-broiler-chicken-feed-reducing-lipid-peroxidation-of-meat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">693</span> The Effect of Brassica rapa Leaf Extracts on the Growth of Upland Ipomoea aquatica</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keziah%20Bazar">Keziah Bazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of Brassica rapa leaf extracts on the growth of upland Ipomoea aquatica was investigated. One hundred grams Brassica rapa leaf were blended using a heavy duty blender. These were diluted with water to have final concentrations of 75% (T1), 50% (T2) and 25% (T3) that served as treatments of the study. Pure water (T0) that served as control was also included Upland Ipomoea aquatic were grown in pots. A 3-4 in water level was maintained during the whole duration of the study. Plant height, leaf area, fruit size and shoot height, were taken after 6 months. Results showed that plant height and shoot height was highest in T1 while T0 was the lowest. On the other hand, T2 had the highest leaf area and fruit size. The study suggests that T1 and T2 can be a good fertilizer for Ipomoea aquatica. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ipomoea%20aquatica" title="Ipomoea aquatica">Ipomoea aquatica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20extracts" title=" leaf extracts"> leaf extracts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brassica%20rapa" title=" Brassica rapa"> Brassica rapa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73123/the-effect-of-brassica-rapa-leaf-extracts-on-the-growth-of-upland-ipomoea-aquatica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">692</span> Evaluation of Hypolipidemic Effect of Leaf Essential Oil of Citrus sinensis in Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omolola%20Soji-Omoniwa">Omolola Soji-Omoniwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babasoji%20Omoniwa"> Babasoji Omoniwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hypolipidemic effect of leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis in alloxan–induced diabetic rats was evaluated. Forty albino rats (150–200 g) were randomly selected into 4 groups of 10 rats each, representing Normal Control, Diabetic Control, Diabetic treated with 14.2 mg/kg body weight Metformin and Diabetic treated with 110 mg/kg body weight leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis. Diabetes was induced in the animals by intraperitoneal administration of single dose alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight). The leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis was administered every other day to the Diabetic rats for a period of 15 days. The effects of leaf essential oil on High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Trigylcerides and Cholesterol were evaluated. A significant reduction (p <0.05) in LDL, Triglycerides and cholesterol levels and a significant increase (p<0 .05) in HDL was observed. Leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis possesses hypolipidemic properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Citrus%20sinensis" title="Citrus sinensis">Citrus sinensis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diabetes%20mellitus" title=" Diabetes mellitus"> Diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypolipidemic" title=" hypolipidemic"> hypolipidemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20essential%20oil" title=" leaf essential oil"> leaf essential oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19026/evaluation-of-hypolipidemic-effect-of-leaf-essential-oil-of-citrus-sinensis-in-alloxan-induced-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">691</span> Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Constituents of Leaf Essential Oils of Pseuduvaria Monticola and Pseuduvaria Macrophylla (Annonaceae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hairin%20Taha">Hairin Taha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Narrima"> P. Narrima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hapipah"> M. A. Hapipah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Mustafa"> A. M. Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the leaf essential oils of Pseuduvaria monticola and Pseuduvaria macrophylla from the Annonaceae family were investigated. GC-TOFMS analyses identified 46 compounds from Pseuduvaria monticola and 11 compounds from Pseuduvaria macrophylla. The major constituents in the leaf essential oil of Pseuduvaria monticola were a-cadinol (13.0%), calamenene-cis (6.9%), alfa copaene (4%), and epizonarene (3.8%), while in the leaf essential oil of Pseuduvaria macrophylla were caryophyllene oxide (29.7%) and elimicin (28%). The antioxidant activity of both the essential oils were determined using the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH). The present study suggests that both essential oils demonstrated good antioxidant activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseuduvaria%20monticola" title="Pseuduvaria monticola">Pseuduvaria monticola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseuduvaria%20macrophylla" title=" Pseuduvaria macrophylla"> Pseuduvaria macrophylla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20essential%20oils" title=" leaf essential oils"> leaf essential oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MSTOF" title=" GC-MSTOF"> GC-MSTOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title=" antioxidant activity"> antioxidant activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20076/antioxidant-activity-and-chemical-constituents-of-leaf-essential-oils-of-pseuduvaria-monticola-and-pseuduvaria-macrophylla-annonaceae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">690</span> Contrasting Patterns of Accumulation, Partitioning, and Reallocation Patterns of Dm and N Within the Maize Canopy Under Decreased N Availabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panpan%20Fan">Panpan Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Ming"> Bo Ming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niels%20P.%20R.%20Anten"> Niels P. R. Anten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jochem%20B.%20Evers"> Jochem B. Evers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaoyao%20Li"> Yaoyao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaokun%20Li"> Shaokun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruizhi%20Xie"> Ruizhi Xie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reallocation of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) from vegetative tissues to the grain sinks are critical for grain yield. The objective of this study was to quantify the DM and N accumulation, partition, and reallocation at the single-leaf, different-organ, and individual-plant scales and clarify the responses to different levels of N availabilities. A two-year field experiment was conducted in Jinlin province, Northeast China, with three N fertilizer rates to create the different N availability levels: N0 (N deficiency), N1(low supply), and N2 (high supply). The results showed that grain N depends more on reallocations of vegetative organs compared with grain DM. Besides, vegetative organs reallocated more DM and N to grain under lower N availability, whereas more grain DM and grain N were derived from post-silking leaf photosynthesis and post-silking N uptake from the soil under high N availability. Furthermore, the reallocation amount and reallocation efficiency of leaf DM and leaf N content differed among leaf ranks and were regulated by N availability; specifically, the DM reallocation occurs mainly on senesced leaves, whereas the leaf N reallocation was in live leaves. These results provide a theoretical basis for deriving parameters in crop models for the simulation of the demand, uptake, partition, and reallocation processes of DM and N. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20matter" title="dry matter">dry matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20N%20content" title=" leaf N content"> leaf N content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20rank" title=" leaf rank"> leaf rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%20availability" title=" N availability"> N availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reallocation%20efficiency" title=" reallocation efficiency"> reallocation efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156413/contrasting-patterns-of-accumulation-partitioning-and-reallocation-patterns-of-dm-and-n-within-the-maize-canopy-under-decreased-n-availabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">689</span> Reaction of Nine Candidate Wheat Lines/Mutants against Leaf Rust: Lodging and Aphid Population under Field Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mohsan">Muhammad Mohsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehboob%20Ur-Rahman"> Mehboob Ur-Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Zulfiqar"> Sana Zulfiqar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shumila%20Ashfaq"> Shumila Ashfaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brown Rust (Puccinia triticina), also known as leaf rust, pose a serious threat to wheat cultivation in the world. Nine candidate wheat lines/mutants were subjected to rust inoculation, lodging and aphid population in vivo conditions. Four lines/mutants (E-284, E-505, 2008-6 MR and 2008-14MR) were found resistant to leaf rust attack. Two lines (PGMB 15-29 and 2011-1 MR) displayed moderately resistant reactions against the disease. Three lines/mutants were depicted as susceptible to leaf rust. The lowest population of aphids, i.e., 16.67, was observed on 2008-14MR. Three lines/mutants (NN1-47, NN1-89 and PGMB 15-29) were found under zero level of lodging. The presence and absence of different leaf rust-resistant genes like Lr13, Lr34, Lr46 and Lr67 were assessed with the help of molecular markers. All the wheat lines/mutants were found loaded with leaf rust-resistant genes such as Lr13 and Lr 34, while Lr46 and Lr67 were found in 66% of wheat lines/mutants. The resistant source can be exploited in the breeding program to develop rust, aphid and lodging with race-nonspecific resistant wheat variety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title="wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20rust" title=" leaf rust"> leaf rust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lodging" title=" lodging"> lodging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aphid" title=" aphid"> aphid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162424/reaction-of-nine-candidate-wheat-linesmutants-against-leaf-rust-lodging-and-aphid-population-under-field-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">688</span> Correlation between the Sowing Date and Yield of Maize on Chernozem Soil, in Connection with the Leaf Area Index and Photosynthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enik%C5%91%20Bene">Enikő Bene </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our sowing date experiment took place in the Demonstration Garden of Institution of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Center of University of Debrecen, in 2012-2014. The thesis contains data of test year 2014. Our purpose, besides several other examinations, was to observe how sowing date influences leaf area index and activity of photosynthesis of maize hybrids, and how those factors affect fruiting. In the experiment we monitored the change of the leaf area index and the photosynthesis of hybrids with four different growing seasons. The results obtained confirm that not only the environmental and agricultural factors in the growing season have effect on the yield, but also other factors like the leaf area index and the photosynthesis are determinative parameters, and all those factors together, modifying effects of each other, develop average yields <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sowing%20date" title="sowing date">sowing date</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20area%20index" title=" leaf area index"> leaf area index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthetic%20capacity" title=" photosynthetic capacity"> photosynthetic capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24588/correlation-between-the-sowing-date-and-yield-of-maize-on-chernozem-soil-in-connection-with-the-leaf-area-index-and-photosynthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">687</span> Hierarchical Surface Inspired by Lotus-Leaf for Electrical Generators from Waterdrop</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaewook%20Ha">Jaewook Ha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-beak%20Kim"> Jin-beak Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seongmin%20Kim"> Seongmin Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to solve global warming and climate change issues, increased efforts have been devoted towards clean and sustainable energy sources as well as new energy generating devices. Nanogenerator is a device that converts mechanical/thermal energy as produced by small-scale physical change into electricity. Here we propose that nature-leaf surface could be used for preparation of a triboelectric nanogenerator. The nature-leaf surface consists of polydimethylsiloxane microscale pillars and polytetrafluoroethylene nanoparticles. Interaction between the nature-leaf surface and water was studied and the electrical outputs from the motion of single water drop were measured. A 40-μL water drop can generate a peak voltage of 1 V and a peak current of 0.7 μA. This nanogenerator might be used to drive electric devices in the outdoor environments in a sustainable manner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20surface" title="hierarchical surface">hierarchical surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lotus-leaf" title=" lotus-leaf"> lotus-leaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20generator" title=" electrical generator"> electrical generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterdrop" title=" waterdrop"> waterdrop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36939/hierarchical-surface-inspired-by-lotus-leaf-for-electrical-generators-from-waterdrop" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=23">23</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=24">24</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walnut%20leaf&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> 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