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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Sepik" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Sepik" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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<span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hydrology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discharge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discharge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Discharge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discharge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tributaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tributaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tributaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tributaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peoples_and_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peoples_and_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Peoples and languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peoples_and_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_exploration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_exploration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Early exploration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_exploration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_'explorers'" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_'explorers'"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Modern 'explorers'</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_'explorers'-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sepik_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sepik_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sepik art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sepik_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sepik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83" title="سيبيك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيبيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Сепік – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сепік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2)" title="Сепик (юханшыв) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сепик (юханшыв)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Sepik_(suba_sa_Indonesya)" title="Sungai Sepik (suba sa Indonesya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sungai Sepik (suba sa Indonesya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afon_Sepik" title="Afon Sepik – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Afon Sepik" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepiki_j%C3%B5gi" title="Sepiki jõgi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sepiki jõgi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Sepik" title="Río Sepik – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Sepik" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="سپیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سپیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Sepik" title="Río Sepik – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Sepik" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%ED%94%BD%EA%B0%95" title="세픽강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세픽강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%AF_(%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%BF)" title="Սեպիկ (գետ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեպիկ (գետ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Sepik" title="Sungai Sepik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sungai Sepik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94)" title="სეპიკი (მდინარე) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სეპიკი (მდინარე)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik_(mto)" title="Sepik (mto) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sepik (mto)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepikas" title="Sepikas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sepikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik_(foly%C3%B3)" title="Sepik (folyó) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sepik (folyó)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF" title="സെപിക് നദി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെപിക് നദി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83" title="نهر سيبيك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر سيبيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik_(rivier)" title="Sepik (rivier) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sepik (rivier)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%94%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E5%B7%9D" title="セピック川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セピック川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Sepik" title="Rio Sepik – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Sepik" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сепик (река) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сепик (река)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepik" title="Sepik – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sepik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Сепік – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сепік" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E6%B2%B3" title="塞皮克河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞皮克河" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q848308#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sepik" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Sepik" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sepik"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Sepik" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Sepik" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&oldid=1248718628" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Sepik&id=1248718628&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSepik"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSepik"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q848308" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=3_50_30_S_144_32_30_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">3°50′30″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°32′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.84167°S 144.54167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-3.84167; 144.54167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River on New Guinea</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sepik_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sepik (disambiguation)">Sepik (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Sepik</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik-sediment-new.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sepik-sediment-new.png/300px-Sepik-sediment-new.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sepik-sediment-new.png/450px-Sepik-sediment-new.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Sepik-sediment-new.png/600px-Sepik-sediment-new.png 2x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="651" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sediment plumes at the mouth of the Sepik (right) and <a href="/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu">Ramu</a> (left) rivers</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik_River_watershed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Sepik_River_watershed.jpg/300px-Sepik_River_watershed.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Sepik_River_watershed.jpg/450px-Sepik_River_watershed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Sepik_River_watershed.jpg/600px-Sepik_River_watershed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1482" data-file-height="851" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sepik River watershed (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mghydro.com/watersheds/shared/8D6CF0.html">Interactive map</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sandaun_Province" title="Sandaun Province">Sandaun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_(province)" title="Papua (province)">Papua</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Sepik_Province" title="East Sepik Province">East Sepik</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emanuel_Range" title="Victor Emanuel Range">Victor Emanuel Range</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=5_13_S_141_49_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°13′S</span> <span class="longitude">141°49′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.217°S 141.817°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-5.217; 141.817</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2,170 m (7,120 ft)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=3_50_30_S_144_32_30_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">3°50′30″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°32′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.84167°S 144.54167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-3.84167; 144.54167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 m (0 ft)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">1,126 km (700 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaterAtlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">80,321 km<sup>2</sup> (31,012 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaterAtlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">400–500 m (1,300–1,600 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depth</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • minimum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2 m (6 ft 7 in)<sup id="cite_ref-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">8–14 m (26–46 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • maximum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">35–55 m (115–180 ft) (<a href="/wiki/Angoram" title="Angoram">Angoram</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Water-fern_Salvinia_molesta_in_the_Sepik_River,_Papua_New_Guinea_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Water-fern_Salvinia_molesta_in_the_Sepik_River,_Papua_New_Guinea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angoram" title="Angoram">Angoram</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">5,000 m<sup>3</sup>/s (180,000 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Geomorphology_of_Papua_New_Guinea_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geomorphology_of_Papua_New_Guinea-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ambunti" title="Ambunti">Ambunti</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">3,615 m<sup>3</sup>/s (127,700 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Progression</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">River system</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sepik River</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Iram, Brucken, Oklip, Hauser, Horden, North, <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Yellow River (Papua New Guinea)">Yellow</a>, Sanchi, Yimi, Nagam</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • right</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hak, August, May, Seniap, <a href="/wiki/Frieda_River" title="Frieda River">Frieda</a>, Wario, Wagamush, April, Karawari, <a href="/wiki/Yuat_River" title="Yuat River">Yuat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keram_River" title="Keram River">Keram</a>, Bien</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Sepik</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the longest <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>, and the third largest in <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> by discharge volume after the <a href="/wiki/Fly_River" title="Fly River">Fly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mamberamo_River" title="Mamberamo River">Mamberamo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of the river flows through the <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> (PNG) provinces of <a href="/wiki/Sandaun" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandaun">Sandaun</a> (formerly West Sepik) and <a href="/wiki/East_Sepik" class="mw-redirect" title="East Sepik">East Sepik</a>, with a small section flowing through the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> province of <a href="/wiki/Papua_(Indonesian_province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Papua (Indonesian province)">Papua</a>. </p><p>The Sepik has a large catchment area, and landforms that include swamplands, <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" title="Tropical rainforest">tropical rainforests</a> and mountains. Biologically, the river system is often said to be possibly the largest uncontaminated freshwater wetland system in the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-fish_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fish-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But, in fact, numerous fish and plant species have been introduced into the Sepik since the mid-20th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1884, Germany asserted control over the northeast quadrant of the island of <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>, which became part of the <a href="/wiki/German_colonial_empire" title="German colonial empire">German colonial empire</a>. The colony was initially managed by the Deutsche Neuguinea-Kompagnie or <a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea_Company" title="German New Guinea Company">German New Guinea Company</a>, a commercial enterprise that christened the territory <a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Wilhelmsland" title="Kaiser-Wilhelmsland">Kaiser-Wilhelmsland</a>. The first European ship to enter the Sepik estuary was the <i>Samoa</i> in May 1885. But the river, in fact, did not yet have a European name. It was thus termed <i>Kaiserin Augustafluß</i> by the explorer and scientist <a href="/wiki/Otto_Finsch" title="Otto Finsch">Otto Finsch</a>, after the German Empress <a href="/wiki/Augusta_of_Saxe-Weimar" class="mw-redirect" title="Augusta of Saxe-Weimar">Augusta</a>. </p><p>The word <i>Sipik</i> was first reported by A. Full<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as one of two names for the watercourse—the other being <i>Abschima</i>—used by the natives living at the mouth of the river. A few years later, Leonhard Schultze applied the term <i>Sepik</i> to the entire watercourse, and it took, although Schultze also noted another name for the river, <i>Azimar</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William Churchill, writing in the <i>Bulletin of the American Geographical Society</i>, wrote "These are not names of the river, they are but names for small stretches of the river as known to the folk of this or that hamlet. We cannot reckon how many such names there may be in the course of more than 600 miles of the system." Since "there is no indigenous name for the whole stream", Churchill concluded that "This is clearly a case where a European designation may properly be applied." He advocated for Kaiserin-Augusta. But that name faded with the German loss of colonial control over the territory after World War One. The word <i>Sepik</i> henceforth became the official name of the river. </p><p>Of course, each language group had one or more of its own names for the river. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Iatmul_people" title="Iatmul people">Iatmul people</a> call the river <i>Avusett</i>, a compound of "bone" (<i>ava</i>) and "lake" (<i>tset</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg/220px-Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg/330px-Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg/440px-Vokeo_Island_PNG_Sepik_River_Fresh_Saline_Water_Interface_80_kms.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Fresh/Saline water interface in the sea 80 km from the Sepik River Mouth</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The river originates in the <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emanuel_Range" title="Victor Emanuel Range">Victor Emanuel Range</a> in the central highlands of <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>. From its mountain headwaters near <a href="/wiki/Telefomin" title="Telefomin">Telefomin</a>, it travels north-west and leaves the mountains abruptly near <i>Yapsei</i>. From there it flows into Indonesian Papua, before turning back north-east, for the majority of its journey following the great <i>Central Depression</i>. Along its course it receives numerous tributaries from the <a href="/wiki/Bewani_Mountains" title="Bewani Mountains">Bewani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Torricelli_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Torricelli Mountains">Torricelli Mountains</a> to the north and the <a href="/wiki/Central_Range,_Papua_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Range, Papua New Guinea">Central Range</a> to the south, including the <a href="/wiki/Yuat_River" title="Yuat River">Yuat River</a> formed by the <i>Lai</i> and the <i>Jimmi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For most of the Sepik's length, the river winds in serpentine fashion, like the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_River" title="Amazon River">Amazon</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a> off northern Papua New Guinea. Unlike many other large rivers, the Sepik has no <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">delta</a> whatsoever, but flows straight into the sea, about 100 km (62 mi) east of the town of <a href="/wiki/Wewak" title="Wewak">Wewak</a>. It is navigable for most of its length. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hydrology">Hydrology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hydrology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The river has a total length of over 1,100 km (680 mi) and has a drainage basin of over 80,000 km<sup>2</sup> (31,000 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaterAtlas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its meandering bed is 250–500 m (820–1,640 ft) wide and averages 8–14 m (26–46 ft) deep.<sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a 5-10 kilometre-wide belt of active meanders along most of its course, that has created a floodplain up to 70 kilometres wide, with extensive backwater swamps.<sup id="cite_ref-fish_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fish-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are around 1,500 <a href="/wiki/Oxbow_lake" title="Oxbow lake">oxbow</a> and other lakes in the floodplain, the largest of which are the <a href="/wiki/Chambri_Lakes" title="Chambri Lakes">Chambri Lakes</a>. Its annual sediment load is estimated at 115 million tonnes.<sup id="cite_ref-fish_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fish-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ausztrália,_Óceánia,_Antarktisz_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ausztrália,_Óceánia,_Antarktisz-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Sepik basin is largely an undisturbed environment, with no major urban settlements, or <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> and <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a> activities, in the river catchment. <a href="/wiki/April_Salome_Forest_Management_Area" title="April Salome Forest Management Area">April Salome Forest Management Area</a> is located in Sepik River basin. </p><p>Its catchment is classified as type <i>Af</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" title="Tropical rainforest">tropical rainforest</a>) according to <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, with a rainfall of 3,390 mm.<sup id="cite_ref-Hydrology_and_Earth_System_Sciences_(EGU)_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hydrology_and_Earth_System_Sciences_(EGU)-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discharge">Discharge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discharge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year, period </th> <th>Min (m<sup>3</sup>/s) </th> <th>Mean (m<sup>3</sup>/s) </th> <th>Max (m<sup>3</sup>/s) </th> <th>Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>Estuary</b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=3_50_33.1404_S_144_32_35.4156_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">3°50′33.1404″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°32′35.4156″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.842539000°S 144.543171000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-3.842539000; 144.543171000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979—2015 </td> <td> </td> <td>4,565 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-GEF_TWAP_-_Transboundary_Waters_Assessment_Programme_—_GEF_TWAP_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GEF_TWAP_-_Transboundary_Waters_Assessment_Programme_—_GEF_TWAP-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979/1980 </td> <td> </td> <td>7,000 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Phytoplankton_distribution_in_the_Bismarck_Sea_north_of_Papua_New_Guinea:_The_effect_of_the_Sepik_River_outflow_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phytoplankton_distribution_in_the_Bismarck_Sea_north_of_Papua_New_Guinea:_The_effect_of_the_Sepik_River_outflow-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Water-fern_Salvinia_molesta_in_the_Sepik_River,_Papua_New_Guinea_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Water-fern_Salvinia_molesta_in_the_Sepik_River,_Papua_New_Guinea-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972/1973 </td> <td>4,363 </td> <td>7,663 </td> <td>10,963 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-A_report_prepared_for_the_Sepik_River_Fish_Stock_Enhancement_Project_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_report_prepared_for_the_Sepik_River_Fish_Stock_Enhancement_Project-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4,800 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Angoram" title="Angoram">Angoram</a></b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=4_3_45.7308_S_144_4_29.1_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°3′45.7308″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°4′29.1″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.062703000°S 144.074750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.062703000; 144.074750</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968—1980 </td> <td> </td> <td>5,000 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Geomorphology_of_Papua_New_Guinea_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geomorphology_of_Papua_New_Guinea-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Ambunti" title="Ambunti">Ambunti</a></b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=4_13_8.0976_S_142_49_32.5308_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°13′8.0976″S</span> <span class="longitude">142°49′32.5308″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.218916000°S 142.825703000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.218916000; 142.825703000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980—1984 </td> <td>2,836.75 </td> <td>4,208 </td> <td>4,598.75 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Global_River_Discharge_Database_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Global_River_Discharge_Database-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978—1987 </td> <td> </td> <td>3,099.7 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970—1992 </td> <td>934.7 </td> <td>3,643.5 </td> <td>8,938.8 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966—1997 </td> <td>2,600 </td> <td>3,664 </td> <td>4,730 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966—1994 </td> <td>1,702 </td> <td>3,615 </td> <td>5,448<sup>*</sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963/1964 </td> <td>3,398 </td> <td>5,316 </td> <td>7,038 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>Kubkain</b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=4_18_42.9264_S_142_19_43.1508_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°18′42.9264″S</span> <span class="longitude">142°19′43.1508″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.311924000°S 142.328653000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.311924000; 142.328653000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994—1999, <p>2008—2015 </p> </td> <td>1,274.3 </td> <td>3,338.7 </td> <td>6,022 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>Iniok</b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=4_17_17.6676_S_142_1_4.0944_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°17′17.6676″S</span> <span class="longitude">142°1′4.0944″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.288241000°S 142.017804000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.288241000; 142.017804000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994—1999, <p>2008—2015 </p> </td> <td>707.1 </td> <td>2,367.9 </td> <td>4,524.1 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>May River</b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=4_15_15.1344_S_141_53_42.7488_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°15′15.1344″S</span> <span class="longitude">141°53′42.7488″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.254204000°S 141.895208000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.254204000; 141.895208000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994—1999, <p>2008—2015 </p> </td> <td>514.7 </td> <td>1,559.4 </td> <td>3,047.8 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>Green River</b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=3_56_7.4364_S_141_16_23.34_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">3°56′7.4364″S</span> <span class="longitude">141°16′23.34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.935399000°S 141.2731500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-3.935399000; 141.2731500</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971—2000 </td> <td> </td> <td>1,119.4 </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Papua_New_Guinea_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papua_New_Guinea-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970—1993 </td> <td>436 </td> <td>1,297 </td> <td>3,573 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969—1996 </td> <td>841 </td> <td>1,191 </td> <td>1,550 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963/1964 </td> <td>2,117 </td> <td>2,505 </td> <td>3,144 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Telefomin" title="Telefomin">Telefomin</a></b> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sepik&params=5_10_5.7432_S_141_36_54.9432_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°10′5.7432″S</span> <span class="longitude">141°36′54.9432″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.168262000°S 141.615262000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-5.168262000; 141.615262000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975—1994 </td> <td>40 </td> <td>54.4 </td> <td>66.8 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970—1993 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>51 </td> <td>1,576 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963/1964 </td> <td>235 </td> <td>636 </td> <td>1,538 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup>*</sup>1969/1970 water year 8,964 m<sup>3</sup>/s. </p><p>Sepik River discharge (m<sup>3</sup>/s) at <a href="/wiki/Ambunti" title="Ambunti">Ambunti</a> station (period from 1963—1994): </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Water year </th> <th>Min </th> <th>Mean </th> <th>Max </th> <th>Water year </th> <th>Min </th> <th>Mean </th> <th>Max </th></tr> <tr> <td>1963/64 </td> <td>3,398 </td> <td>5,316 </td> <td>7,038 </td> <td>1979/80 </td> <td>2,009 </td> <td>4,080 </td> <td>5,509 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964/65 </td> <td colspan="3" rowspan="2"> </td> <td>1980/81 </td> <td>1,632 </td> <td>3,850 </td> <td>5,602 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965/66 </td> <td>1981/82 </td> <td>1,142 </td> <td>3,310 </td> <td>5,465 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966/67 </td> <td>2,429 </td> <td>3,390 </td> <td>4,331 </td> <td>1982/83 </td> <td>1,509 </td> <td>4,060 </td> <td>5,999 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967/68 </td> <td>1,242 </td> <td>3,080 </td> <td>4,883 </td> <td>1983/84 </td> <td>1,828 </td> <td>3,360 </td> <td>4,703 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968/69 </td> <td>1,821 </td> <td>3,740 </td> <td>5,606 </td> <td>1984/85 </td> <td>2,111 </td> <td>3,680 </td> <td>5,232 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969/70 </td> <td>2,696 </td> <td>4,950 </td> <td>8,964 </td> <td>1985/86 </td> <td>999 </td> <td>3,190 </td> <td>4,808 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970/71 </td> <td>1,822 </td> <td>3,040 </td> <td>4,240 </td> <td>1986/87 </td> <td>932 </td> <td>3,080 </td> <td>5,502 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971/72 </td> <td>1,074 </td> <td>3,320 </td> <td>4,757 </td> <td>1987/88 </td> <td>2,736 </td> <td>3,880 </td> <td>5,008 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972/73 </td> <td>2,326 </td> <td>4,540 </td> <td>7,081 </td> <td>1988/89 </td> <td>1,448 </td> <td>3,790 </td> <td>6,203 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973/74 </td> <td>1,082 </td> <td>3,010 </td> <td>4,893 </td> <td>1989/90 </td> <td>1,907 </td> <td>3,870 </td> <td>5,809 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974/75 </td> <td>1,452 </td> <td>3,730 </td> <td>5,989 </td> <td>1990/91 </td> <td>1,482 </td> <td>3,210 </td> <td>4,926 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975/76 </td> <td>1,183 </td> <td>3,220 </td> <td>5,164 </td> <td>1991/92 </td> <td>1,747 </td> <td>3,350 </td> <td>4,938 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976/77 </td> <td>2,205 </td> <td>4,030 </td> <td>5,622 </td> <td>1992/93 </td> <td>1,320 </td> <td>3,180 </td> <td>5,017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977/78 </td> <td>1,538 </td> <td>3,830 </td> <td>5,636 </td> <td>1993/94 </td> <td>2,825 </td> <td>4,020 </td> <td>5,061 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978/79 </td> <td>1,153 </td> <td>3,450 </td> <td>5,606 </td> <td colspan="4"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CATALOGUE_OF_RIVERS_FOR_SOUTHEAST_ASIA_AND_THE_PACIFIC-Volume_IV-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Global_River_Discharge_Database_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Global_River_Discharge_Database-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tributaries">Tributaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tributaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main tributaries from the mouth: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Left tributary </th> <th>Right tributary </th> <th>Length (km) </th> <th>Basin size (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Average discharge (m<sup>3</sup>/s) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><i>Sepik</i> </td> <td><i>1,126</i> </td> <td><i>80,386.2</i> </td> <td><i>5,000</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>Bien </td> <td> </td> <td>1,344.8 </td> <td>67.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Keram_River" title="Keram River">Keram</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>5,598.7 </td> <td>306.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nagam </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,757.2 </td> <td>41.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yuat_River" title="Yuat River">Yuat</a> </td> <td>373.4 </td> <td>11,952.5 </td> <td>625.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pasik </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>655.1 </td> <td>15.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Karawari </td> <td> </td> <td>7,565.9 </td> <td>376.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hambili </td> <td rowspan="4"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,036.7 </td> <td>31.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Atilem </td> <td> </td> <td>954.6 </td> <td>23.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kwatit (Parchee) </td> <td> </td> <td>611.3 </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yimi </td> <td> </td> <td>3,204.3 </td> <td>87.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Black River—Huastein </td> <td> </td> <td>917 </td> <td>64.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sanchi </td> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,468.3 </td> <td>77.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Namblo </td> <td> </td> <td>663.4 </td> <td>36.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wagasu </td> <td> </td> <td>1,068.8 </td> <td>59.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td>April </td> <td> </td> <td>2,552.2 </td> <td>226.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wagamush </td> <td> </td> <td>964.7 </td> <td>81.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wario </td> <td> </td> <td>1,893.6 </td> <td>279.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nopan </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>992.5 </td> <td>60.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frieda_River" title="Frieda River">Frieda</a> </td> <td>70 </td> <td>1,466 </td> <td>271.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Seniap </td> <td> </td> <td>538.9 </td> <td>57.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May </td> <td> </td> <td>3,301.4 </td> <td>405.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wanibe Creek </td> <td rowspan="6"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,618.4 </td> <td>98 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yula </td> <td> </td> <td>479.5 </td> <td>31.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yellow_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Yellow River (Papua New Guinea)">Yellow</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,769.8 </td> <td>111.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>North </td> <td> </td> <td>1,995.8 </td> <td>123.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Horden </td> <td> </td> <td>2,103.1 </td> <td>124.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fanngi (Green River) </td> <td> </td> <td>750.8 </td> <td>41.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Idam </td> <td> </td> <td>440.4 </td> <td>35.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hauser </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,149.3 </td> <td>74.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>August (Yapsiei) </td> <td> </td> <td>1,838 </td> <td>208.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>October </td> <td rowspan="7"> </td> <td> </td> <td>604.3 </td> <td>44.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>West </td> <td> </td> <td>529.4 </td> <td>46.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Raadsel </td> <td> </td> <td>269 </td> <td>39.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hollander </td> <td> </td> <td>269.4 </td> <td>40.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oklip </td> <td> </td> <td>1,042 </td> <td>193.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Brucken </td> <td> </td> <td>465.8 </td> <td>76.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Iugum (Casuarina) </td> <td> </td> <td>201.4 </td> <td>32 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>Hak (East) </td> <td> </td> <td>464.3 </td> <td>54.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Elip (Donner) </td> <td> </td> <td>227.6 </td> <td>26.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Iram </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td>388.7 </td> <td>64.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nong </td> <td> </td> <td>176.6 </td> <td>23.8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Papua_New_Guinea_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papua_New_Guinea-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peoples_and_languages">Peoples and languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Peoples and languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the headwaters to the mouth, the river basin flows through the territories of spoken of dozens of <a href="/wiki/Sepik_languages" title="Sepik languages">Sepik languages</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> each corresponding to one or more culture regions of related villages that exhibit similar social characteristics. The largest language and culture group along the river is the <a href="/wiki/Iatmul_people" title="Iatmul people">Iatmul people</a>. </p><p>The Sepik-<a href="/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu">Ramu</a> basin is home to the <a href="/wiki/Torricelli_languages" title="Torricelli languages">Torricelli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sepik_languages" title="Sepik languages">Sepik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Sepik-Ramu_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Sepik-Ramu languages">Lower Sepik-Ramu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwomtari_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwomtari languages">Kwomtari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonhard_Schultze_languages" title="Leonhard Schultze languages">Leonhard Schultze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Yuat_languages" title="Upper Yuat languages">Upper Yuat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yuat_languages" title="Yuat languages">Yuat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Left_May_languages" title="Left May languages">Left May</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amto-Musan_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Amto-Musan languages">Amto-Musan</a> <a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">language families</a>, while local <a href="/wiki/Language_isolate" title="Language isolate">language isolates</a> are <a href="/wiki/Busa_language_(Papuan)" title="Busa language (Papuan)">Busa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiap_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiap language">Taiap</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yad%C3%AB_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yadë language">Yadë</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer-LLNGA_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer-LLNGA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Foley-Sepik_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Foley-Sepik-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Torricelli_languages" title="Torricelli languages">Torricelli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sepik_languages" title="Sepik languages">Sepik</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Sepik-Ramu_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Sepik-Ramu languages">Lower Sepik-Ramu</a> are by far the three most internally diverse language families of the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local villagers have lived along the river for many millennia and the river has formed the basis for food, transport and culture. There are at least 100 distinct villages and hamlets along the river, and most likely more.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg/200px-Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg/300px-Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg/400px-Middle_Sepik_anthropologist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Australian anthropologist <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Chinnery" title="Ernest Chinnery">Ernest Chinnery</a>, at work in the middle Sepik</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_exploration">Early exploration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Early exploration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>European contact with the river started in 1885, shortly after <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> established colonial control over <a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea" title="German New Guinea">German New Guinea</a> or Kaiser Wilhelmsland. The river was named by <a href="/wiki/Otto_Finsch" title="Otto Finsch">Otto Finsch</a>, <i>Kaiserin Augusta</i>, after the German Empress <a href="/wiki/Augusta_of_Saxe-Weimar" class="mw-redirect" title="Augusta of Saxe-Weimar">Augusta</a>. The colony was initially managed by the <a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea_Company" title="German New Guinea Company">German New Guinea Company</a> (Neuguinea-Kompagnie). Finsch, in the ship <i>Samoa</i>, entered only the estuary. He returned a year later, and the <i>Samoa</i> launched a smaller vessel that navigated about 50 kilometres (31 mi) upstream from its mouth.<sup id="cite_ref-LP6_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP6-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the most part, German interest in the river was mainly to explore its economic potential, to collect artifacts, and to recruit native laborers to work on coastal and island copra plantations.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1886 and 1887, further expeditions by <a href="/wiki/Steam_boat" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam boat">steam boat</a> were conducted by the Germans and over 600 kilometres (370 mi) were explored.<sup id="cite_ref-LP6_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP6-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1887, the Samoa returned with another scientific expedition as well as a dozen Malays, eight men from the island of <a href="/wiki/New_Britain" title="New Britain">New Britain</a>, and, two members of the <a href="/wiki/Rhenish_Missionary_Society" title="Rhenish Missionary Society">Rhenish Missionary Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1890s, missionaries from the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Divine_Word" title="Society of the Divine Word">Society of the Divine Word</a> or SVD begin to proselytize along the river.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Europeans now increased their travels and presence along the river.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early twentieth century, several major expeditions to the river include the Südsee-Expedition sponsored by the Hamburg Academic of Science, the German-Dutch Border Expedition and the Kaiserin-Augusta-Fluss-Expedition<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These expeditions, mainly German, collected flora and fauna, studied local tribes, and produced the first maps. The station town of <a href="/wiki/Angoram" title="Angoram">Angoram</a> was established in 1913 as a base on the lower Sepik for explorations, but with the beginning of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the explorations ceased.<sup id="cite_ref-LP6_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP6-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the first World War the Australian government took trusteeship of the German colony, creating the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_New_Guinea" title="Territory of New Guinea">Territory of New Guinea</a>, and the Sepik region came under their jurisdiction. During this period the Australians established a station on the middle Sepik at <a href="/wiki/Ambunti" title="Ambunti">Ambunti</a> to conduct further explorations.<sup id="cite_ref-LP6_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP6-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1923 journalist <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Grimshaw" title="Beatrice Grimshaw">Beatrice Grimshaw</a> attached herself to an expedition, and claimed to be the first white woman to ascent the Sepik, commenting on the widespread use of "<a href="/wiki/Tok_Pisin" title="Tok Pisin">pidgen-English</a>" as a <i><a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1935 <a href="/wiki/Walter_McNicoll" title="Walter McNicoll">Sir Walter McNicoll</a>, the new administrator of the Territory of New Guinea, travelled up length of the Sepik to "have a look at the river people and the kind of country along the banks".<sup id="cite_ref-McCarthy_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarthy-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_'explorers'"><span id="Modern_.27explorers.27"></span>Modern 'explorers'</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Modern 'explorers'"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papua-Neuguinea,_Ost-Sepikgebiet,_Maprik_Distrikt,_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran,_Ingo_K%C3%BChl,_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_(von_links_nach_rechts),_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg/220px-Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg/330px-Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg/440px-Papua-Neuguinea%2C_Ost-Sepikgebiet%2C_Maprik_Distrikt%2C_in_einem_Haus_Tambaran%2C_Ingo_K%C3%BChl%2C_Tomulopa_Deko_und_indigene_M%C3%A4nner_%28von_links_nach_rechts%29%2C_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/East_Sepik_Province" title="East Sepik Province">East Sepik area</a>, Maprik District, in a <a href="/wiki/Haus_Tambaran" title="Haus Tambaran">Haus Tambaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingo_K%C3%BChl" title="Ingo Kühl">Ingo Kühl</a>, Tomulopa Deko and indigenous men, 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite the thorough exploration of the Sepik and the river basin by Europeans starting with the 1880s, and the extraordinarily keen knowledge of the region by local people and communities, many travelers today still see their tourism in the area as heroic efforts. </p><p>Part of this fantasy is that the river tribes are often said to have "little contact with the modern world," as the <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> put it as late as 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But that is just not true, and certainly not for a sizable tourist vessel operated by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.coralexpeditions.com/">Coral Expeditions</a>. Traveling the river is said to be "one of the last great adventures on earth".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For example, in 2010 Clark Carter and Andrew Johnson traveled the length of the Sepik River from source to sea. They hiked to the source from <a href="/wiki/Telefomin" title="Telefomin">Telefomin</a> and kayaked down the upper reaches in an inflatable kayak. After nearly drowning in a section of rapids near Telefomin, they decided to walk through the jungle, following the river until it was calm enough to take a <a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">dugout canoe</a> the remaining 900 kilometres to the <a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a>. The expedition took six weeks. "The Sepik really appealed to me," said Carter, "because it conjures up images of remote tribes and wild animals. Probably the most alluring thing for me though, is just how un-travelled the area is."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 2010, the painter <a href="/wiki/Ingo_K%C3%BChl" title="Ingo Kühl">Ingo Kühl</a>, accompanied by the local artist Tomulopa Deko, traveled from <a href="/wiki/Goroka" title="Goroka">Goroka</a> via <a href="/wiki/Madang" title="Madang">Madang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wewak" title="Wewak">Wewak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maprik_District" title="Maprik District">Maprik</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pagwi" title="Pagwi">Pagwi</a> and from there on the Sepik upriver to <a href="/wiki/Ambunti" title="Ambunti">Ambunti</a> and to the villages of Maliwai, Yambon and <a href="/wiki/Yessan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yessan language">Yessan</a>. He described his experiences in an illustrated book.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012 he repeated this expedition together with his wife and Tom Deko. They reached the settlements of Oum Number 1 and Oum Number 2 and the April River, a tributary of the Sepik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Japanese</a> held the area throughout most of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. By the end of the war though, the Japanese had been completely surrounded after <a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Hollandia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aitape" title="Aitape">Aitape</a> in <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Netherlands New Guinea">Netherlands New Guinea</a> were captured by Allied forces in April 1944 during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Reckless" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Reckless">Operations Reckless</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Persecution" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Persecution">Persecution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Aitape-Wewak_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Aitape-Wewak campaign">Aitape-Wewak campaign</a>, the battle to defeat the remaining forces by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Army" title="Australian Army">Australian Army</a>, was hard-fought and drawn out due to the terrain lasting until the end of the war in August 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-AWM_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AWM-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Australians eventually pushed the Japanese back to the village of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timbunke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timbunke (page does not exist)">Timbunke</a> on the middle Sepik in July 1945. After an Australian <a href="/wiki/RAAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RAAF">RAAF</a> plane landed 10 kilometres (6 mi) from Timbunke the Japanese suspected that the villagers had collaborated with the Australians and proceeded to massacre 100 of the villagers.<sup id="cite_ref-massacre_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-massacre-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sepik_art">Sepik art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sepik art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno,_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w,_garamut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg/220px-Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg/330px-Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg/440px-Pieni%C4%99%C5%BCno%2C_Muzeum_Werbist%C3%B3w%2C_garamut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4533" data-file-height="3063" /></a><figcaption>Garamut ritual drum</figcaption></figure> <p>The Sepik is one of the most profuse and diverse art producing regions of the world. The numerous different tribes living along the river produce magnificent wood carvings, clay pottery and other art and craft. Different areas along the Sepik produce distinct art styles so an experience curator will be visually able to distinguish individual styles. The Sepik area is well known for its sculpture<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> masks<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shields<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other artifacts. Many tribes use <i>garamut</i> drums in rituals; the drums are formed from long, hollowed-out tree trunks carved into the shape of various totem animals.<sup id="cite_ref-FourCorners_Amazon_entry_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FourCorners_Amazon_entry-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FourCornersWeb_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FourCornersWeb-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PNGSepikRiverArtWeb_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PNGSepikRiverArtWeb-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Korogo Village, Sepik River, PNG, 1975. Franz Luthi"><img alt="Korogo Village, Sepik River, PNG, 1975. Franz Luthi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG/147px-Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG" decoding="async" width="147" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG/221px-Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG/295px-Sepik_River_chief_1975.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="1504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Korogo Village, Sepik River, PNG, 1975. Franz Luthi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik_0269.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A black-capped lory perching on a boy's head at Kaminabit village, Middle Sepik"><img alt="A black-capped lory perching on a boy's head at Kaminabit village, Middle Sepik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sepik_0269.jpg/168px-Sepik_0269.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sepik_0269.jpg/252px-Sepik_0269.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Sepik_0269.jpg/336px-Sepik_0269.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1324" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Black-capped_lory" title="Black-capped lory">black-capped lory</a> perching on a boy's head at Kaminabit village, Middle Sepik</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik_0203.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A warm welcome to foreign visitors"><img alt="A warm welcome to foreign visitors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sepik_0203.jpg/250px-Sepik_0203.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sepik_0203.jpg/375px-Sepik_0203.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sepik_0203.jpg/500px-Sepik_0203.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1251" data-file-height="777" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A warm welcome to foreign visitors</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sepik_0057.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Snapshot of the daily life of the villagers"><img alt="Snapshot of the daily life of the villagers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sepik_0057.jpg/250px-Sepik_0057.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sepik_0057.jpg/375px-Sepik_0057.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sepik_0057.jpg/500px-Sepik_0057.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1286" data-file-height="854" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Snapshot of the daily life of the villagers</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="List of rivers of Papua New Guinea">List of rivers of Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WaterAtlas-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaterAtlas_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071214133058/http://www.iucn.org/themes/wani/eatlas/html/oc5.html">"OC05 Sepik"</a>. <i>Water Resources eAtlas</i>. Watersheds of the World. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucn.org/themes/wani/eatlas/html/oc5.html">the original</a> on 2007-12-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+eAtlas&rft.atitle=OC05+Sepik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucn.org%2Fthemes%2Fwani%2Featlas%2Fhtml%2Foc5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sepik_Development_Project-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sepik_Development_Project_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.friedariver.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Chapter-7-Description-of-Existing-Environment.pdf"><i>Sepik Development Project</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sepik+Development+Project&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.friedariver.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F11%2FChapter-7-Description-of-Existing-Environment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NOTICE_TO_MARINERS_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColonel_K._L._Duncan_(RL)2007" class="citation report cs1">Colonel K. 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEtko2004" class="citation web cs1">Etko, Kuusisto (26 Aug 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.uef.fi/cceel/wp-content/uploads/sites/185/18_2004ReviewPartIV.pdf">"WORLD WATER RESOURCES AND PROBLEMS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WORLD+WATER+RESOURCES+AND+PROBLEMS&rft.date=2004-08-26&rft.aulast=Etko&rft.aufirst=Kuusisto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.uef.fi%2Fcceel%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F185%2F18_2004ReviewPartIV.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Global_River_Discharge_Database-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Global_River_Discharge_Database_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Global_River_Discharge_Database_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sage.nelson.wisc.edu/riverdata/station_table.php?qual=256&filenum=2310">"Global River Discharge Database"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+River+Discharge+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsage.nelson.wisc.edu%2Friverdata%2Fstation_table.php%3Fqual%3D256%26filenum%3D2310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OPERATIONAL_HYDROLOGY_IN_PAPUA_NEW_GUINEA_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoël1997" class="citation book cs1">Joël, Danloux (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers16-05/010024795.pdf"><i>OPERATIONAL HYDROLOGY IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=OPERATIONAL+HYDROLOGY+IN+PAPUA+NEW+GUINEA&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Jo%C3%ABl&rft.aufirst=Danloux&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhorizon.documentation.ird.fr%2Fexl-doc%2Fpleins_textes%2Fdivers16-05%2F010024795.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Application_of_Regional_Flood_Frequency_Analysis_to_Large_Tropical_Catchments:_A_Case_Study_in_the_Sepik_Basin,_Papua_New_Guinea_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn1990" class="citation journal cs1">Glenn, McGregor (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/49648282">"Application of Regional Flood Frequency Analysis to Large Tropical Catchments: A Case Study in the Sepik Basin, Papua New Guinea"</a>. <i>Tropical Geography</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 12. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990SJTG...11....1M">1990SJTG...11....1M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9493.1990.tb00013.x">10.1111/j.1467-9493.1990.tb00013.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Geography&rft.atitle=Application+of+Regional+Flood+Frequency+Analysis+to+Large+Tropical+Catchments%3A+A+Case+Study+in+the+Sepik+Basin%2C+Papua+New+Guinea&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9493.1990.tb00013.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990SJTG...11....1M&rft.aulast=Glenn&rft.aufirst=McGregor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F49648282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Papua_New_Guinea-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Papua_New_Guinea_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Papua_New_Guinea_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=109&catid=277&Itemid=179">"Papua New Guinea"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papua+New+Guinea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversnetwork.org%2FV1%2Findex.php%2Fcomponent%2Fcontent%2F%3Fview%3Darticle%26id%3D109%26catid%3D277%26Itemid%3D179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Laycock, Donald C. (1965). <i>The Ndu language family (Sepik District, New Guinea)</i>. Canberra: Australian National University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/810186">OCLC 810186</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palmer-LLNGA-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palmer-LLNGA_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer2018" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Bill (2018). "Language families of the New Guinea Area". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). <i>The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide</i>. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 1–20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7"><bdi>978-3-11-028642-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Language+families+of+the+New+Guinea+Area&rft.btitle=The+Languages+and+Linguistics+of+the+New+Guinea+Area%3A+A+Comprehensive+Guide&rft.place=Berlin&rft.series=The+World+of+Linguistics&rft.pages=1-20&rft.pub=De+Gruyter+Mouton&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-3-11-028642-7&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Foley-Sepik-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Foley-Sepik_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoley2018" class="citation book cs1">Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). <i>The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide</i>. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-028642-7"><bdi>978-3-11-028642-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Languages+of+the+Sepik-Ramu+Basin+and+Environs&rft.btitle=The+Languages+and+Linguistics+of+the+New+Guinea+Area%3A+A+Comprehensive+Guide&rft.place=Berlin&rft.series=The+World+of+Linguistics&rft.pages=197-432&rft.pub=De+Gruyter+Mouton&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-3-11-028642-7&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Still the best, most detailed map the river and region is <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1417036">Wewak: The Gateway to the Sepik: Maps of Wewak, West and East Sepik Provinces</a></i>, published by Wirui Press, Wewak, Papua New Guinea, in the 1980s.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LP6-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LP6_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP6_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP6_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP6_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipscomb1998" class="citation book cs1">Lipscomb, Adrian; et al. (February 1998). <i>Papua New Guinea</i> (6 ed.). Lonely Planet. pp. 249–252. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86442-402-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-86442-402-7"><bdi>0-86442-402-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papua+New+Guinea&rft.pages=249-252&rft.edition=6&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=1998-02&rft.isbn=0-86442-402-7&rft.aulast=Lipscomb&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See, e.g., Buschmann, Rainer F. 2009. Anthropology's Global Histories: The Ethnographic Frontier in German New Guinea, 1870-1935. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For a diary of the voyage, see Claas, Ulrike and Paul Rosco. 2009. Manuscript XXI: A Journey Up The Sepik River in 1887. The Journal of Pacific History 44 (3) 333-43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Huber, Mary Taylor. 1988. The Bishops’ Progress: A Historical Ethnography of Catholic Missionary Experience on the Sepik Frontier. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bragge, Lawrence, Ulrike Claas, and Paul Roscoe. 2006. On the edge of empire: Military brokers in the Sepik “tribal zone.” American Anthropologist 33 (1) 100-113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Reche 1913, Schultz 1914, Behrmann 1922, Schindlbeck 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hoehn, Matthew, ed., 1948, Catholic Authors Contemporary Biographical Sketches, 1930-1947: Newark, NJ, St. Marys Abbey, p. 293-295, cited on "Grimshaw Origin" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://grimshaworigin.org/prominent-grimshaw-individuals/beatrice-grimshaw-south-pacific/#Autobiography">[1]</a> accessed 6 August 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCarthy-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McCarthy_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy1963" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, J.K. (1963). <i>Patrol into yesterday</i>. Melbourne: F.W Cheshire Pty Ltd. pp. 139–149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7015-0327-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7015-0327-0"><bdi>0-7015-0327-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patrol+into+yesterday&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pages=139-149&rft.pub=F.W+Cheshire+Pty+Ltd&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=0-7015-0327-0&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=J.K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClure2017" class="citation web cs1">McClure, Rosemary (2017-09-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-tc-papua-new-guinea-cruise-20170901-story.html">"Papua New Guinea river cruise takes you to see remote villages and ancient rain forests"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Papua+New+Guinea+river+cruise+takes+you+to+see+remote+villages+and+ancient+rain+forests&rft.date=2017-09-06&rft.aulast=McClure&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Ftravel%2Fla-tr-tc-papua-new-guinea-cruise-20170901-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departures.com/travel/travel/200-miles-along-sepik-river">"Departures | 200 Miles Along the Sepik River"</a>. <i>Departures</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Departures&rft.atitle=Departures+%7C+200+Miles+Along+the+Sepik+River&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.departures.com%2Ftravel%2Ftravel%2F200-miles-along-sepik-river&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Interview/debrief: Papua New Guinea Sepik River, hard as it comes," 15 January 2011, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://explorersweb.com/oceans/news.php?id=19891">https://explorersweb.com/oceans/news.php?id=19891</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKühl2011" class="citation web cs1">Kühl, Ingo (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D101705858X">"Papua New Guinea"</a>. I. Kühl – via Deutsche Nationalbibliothek.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Papua+New+Guinea&rft.pub=I.+K%C3%BChl&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=K%C3%BChl&rft.aufirst=Ingo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.dnb.de%2Fopac.htm%3Fmethod%3DsimpleSearch%26cqlMode%3Dtrue%26query%3Didn%253D101705858X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1953" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Robert Ross (1953). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-Approach/USA-P-Approach-3.html"><i>The Approach to the Philippines</i></a>. The United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. pp. 53–83. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/570739529">570739529</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Approach+to+the+Philippines&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.series=The+United+States+Army+in+World+War+II&rft.pages=53-83&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&rft.date=1953&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F570739529&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Robert+Ross&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FUSA%2FUSA-P-Approach%2FUSA-P-Approach-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant2016" class="citation book cs1">Grant, Lachlan (2016). "Given a Second Rate Job: Campaigns in Aitape–Wewak and New Britain, 1944–45". In Dean, Peter J. (ed.). <i>Australia 1944–45: Victory in the Pacific</i>. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press. pp. 213–214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-08346-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-08346-2"><bdi>978-1-107-08346-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Given+a+Second+Rate+Job%3A+Campaigns+in+Aitape%26ndash%3BWewak+and+New+Britain%2C+1944%26ndash%3B45&rft.btitle=Australia+1944%26ndash%3B45%3A+Victory+in+the+Pacific&rft.place=Port+Melbourne%2C+Victoria&rft.pages=213-214&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-107-08346-2&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Lachlan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AWM-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AWM_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120313144246/http://www.awm.gov.au/units/event_280.asp">"Aitape–Wewak Campaign"</a>. Australian War Memorial. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.awm.gov.au/units/event_280.asp">the original</a> on 13 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aitape%E2%80%93Wewak+Campaign&rft.pub=Australian+War+Memorial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.awm.gov.au%2Funits%2Fevent_280.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-massacre-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-massacre_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928093922/http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~rur55/E/epage15.htm#155">"Chapter Seven: Voices from Asia and the Pacific"</a>. <i>War Compensation Forum</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~rur55/E/epage15.htm#155">the original</a> on 2011-09-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=War+Compensation+Forum&rft.atitle=Chapter+Seven%3A+Voices+from+Asia+and+the+Pacific&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.k2.dion.ne.jp%2F~rur55%2FE%2Fepage15.htm%23155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com/sepik-sculpture/">"Sepik Sculpture | Sepik river Sculpture | sell Sepik Sculpture"</a>. <i>new guinea tribal arts</i>. 2018-04-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=new+guinea+tribal+arts&rft.atitle=Sepik+Sculpture+%7C+Sepik+river+Sculpture+%7C+sell+Sepik+Sculpture&rft.date=2018-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com%2Fsepik-sculpture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com/sepik-masks/">"Sepik masks | Sepik River masks | sell sepik mask | sell sepik river mask"</a>. <i>new guinea tribal arts</i>. 2018-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=new+guinea+tribal+arts&rft.atitle=Sepik+masks+%7C+Sepik+River+masks+%7C+sell+sepik+mask+%7C+sell+sepik+river+mask&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com%2Fsepik-masks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com/sepik-shields/">"Sepik shields | Sepik River Shields | sell Sepik shield | wooden war shield"</a>. <i>new guinea tribal arts</i>. 2018-03-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=new+guinea+tribal+arts&rft.atitle=Sepik+shields+%7C+Sepik+River+Shields+%7C+sell+Sepik+shield+%7C+wooden+war+shield&rft.date=2018-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.new-guinea-tribal-arts.com%2Fsepik-shields%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FourCorners_Amazon_entry-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FourCorners_Amazon_entry_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalak2004" class="citation book cs1">Salak, Kira (2004). <i>Amazon.com listing for the "Four Corners: A Journey into the Heart of Papua New Guinea"</i>. National Geographic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0792274172" title="Special:BookSources/0792274172"><bdi>0792274172</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amazon.com+listing+for+the+%22Four+Corners%3A+A+Journey+into+the+Heart+of+Papua+New+Guinea%22&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0792274172&rft.aulast=Salak&rft.aufirst=Kira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FourCornersWeb-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FourCornersWeb_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalak" class="citation web cs1">Salak, Kira. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirasalak.com/FourCorners.html">"Nonfiction book about Papua New Guinea,"Four Corners"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nonfiction+book+about+Papua+New+Guinea%2C%22Four+Corners%22&rft.aulast=Salak&rft.aufirst=Kira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirasalak.com%2FFourCorners.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PNGSepikRiverArtWeb-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PNGSepikRiverArtWeb_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalak" class="citation web cs1">Salak, Kira. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirasalak.com/PhotosPNG.html">"Includes photos of Art of Sepik River, Papua New Guinea"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Includes+photos+of+Art+of+Sepik+River%2C+Papua+New+Guinea&rft.aulast=Salak&rft.aufirst=Kira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirasalak.com%2FPhotosPNG.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sepik&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbbittTakaraMohd._Nor_bin_MohdPawitan2002" class="citation book cs1">Ibbitt, Richard; Takara, Kaoru; Mohd. Nor bin Mohd, Desa; Pawitan, Hidayat (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/water/about/waterResearch/document/sepik.pdf">"Papua New Guinea: Sepik Wara"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000145288?posInSet=4&queryId=N-EXPLORE-eea5ae69-1d48-4c50-9a24-c25ddc9e3313"><i>Catalogue of rivers for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, vol. IV</i></a>. UNESCO-IHP Regional Steering Committee for Southeast Asia and the Pacific. pp. 243–253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-9900653-1-X" title="Special:BookSources/4-9900653-1-X"><bdi>4-9900653-1-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Papua+New+Guinea%3A+Sepik+Wara&rft.btitle=Catalogue+of+rivers+for+Southeast+Asia+and+the+Pacific%2C+vol.+IV&rft.pages=243-253&rft.pub=UNESCO-IHP+Regional+Steering+Committee+for+Southeast+Asia+and+the+Pacific&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=4-9900653-1-X&rft.aulast=Ibbitt&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Takara%2C+Kaoru&rft.au=Mohd.+Nor+bin+Mohd%2C+Desa&rft.au=Pawitan%2C+Hidayat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fwater%2Fabout%2FwaterResearch%2Fdocument%2Fsepik.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASepik" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.vims.edu/margins/sepik.html">The Sepik–Ramu System</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051020083352/http://www.pacificislandtravel.com/png/about_destin/sepik.html">Sepik River</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.art-pacific.com/artifacts/nuguinea/sepikriv/sepikmrv.htm">Guide to Sepik River Carvings (Art-Pacific.com: New Guinea tribal art and Indonesian folk art)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ewaoceanicgallery.com/sepik_river_region.html">[2]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacredland.org/sepik-river-basin/">A Report on the Sepik River Basin</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpI3PJ_tzAE">Papua New Guinea Sepik River Video</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adventureplaybook.com/about/">The Sepik River Expedition 2010</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="List of rivers of Western New Guinea">Rivers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apauwar_River" title="Apauwar River">Apauwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baliem_River" title="Baliem River">Baliem (Vriendschaps)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becking_River" title="Becking River">Becking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bewani_River" title="Bewani River">Bewani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bian_River_(Indonesia)" title="Bian River (Indonesia)">Bian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazza_River" title="Brazza River">Brazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulaka_River" title="Bulaka River">Bulaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digul" title="Digul">Digul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_River" title="Fly River">Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime_River" title="Grime River">Grime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampung_River" title="Kampung River">Kampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamundan_River" title="Kamundan River">Kamundan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbe_River" title="Kumbe River">Kumbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorentz_River" title="Lorentz River">Lorentz/Undir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamberamo_River" title="Mamberamo River">Mamberamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandobo_River" title="Mandobo River">Mandobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappi_River" title="Mappi River">Mappi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maro_River" title="Maro River">Maro (Merauke)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimika_River" title="Mimika River">Mimika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momats_River" title="Momats River">Momats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muturi_River" title="Muturi River">Muturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawa_River" title="Nawa River">Nawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ok_Tedi_River" title="Ok Tedi River">Ok Tedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauwasi_River" title="Pauwasi River">Pauwasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_River" title="Pulau River">Pulau (Eilanden)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sepik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seremuk_River" title="Seremuk River">Seremuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobger_River" title="Sobger River">Sobger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songgato_River" title="Songgato River">Songgato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabai_River" title="Tabai River">Tabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tami_River" title="Tami River">Tami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariku_River" title="Tariku River">Tariku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taritatu_River" title="Taritatu River">Taritatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_River" title="Tor River">Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Daalen_River" title="Van Daalen River">Van Daalen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wamma_River" title="Wamma River">Wamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapoga_River" title="Wapoga River">Wapoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warenai_River" title="Warenai River">Warenai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warswai" class="mw-redirect" title="Warswai">Warswai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waruta_River" title="Waruta River">Waruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildeman_River" title="Wildeman River">Wildeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiriagar_River" title="Wiriagar River">Wiriagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wowei_River" title="Wowei River">Wowei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Indonesia" title="List of rivers of Indonesia">Rivers of Indonesia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Template:Rivers of Papua New Guinea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Template talk:Rivers of Papua New Guinea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers of Papua New Guinea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="List of rivers of Papua New Guinea">Rivers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sepik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_River" title="Fly River">Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strickland_River" title="Strickland River">Strickland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu">Ramu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikori_River" title="Kikori River">Kikori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purari_River" title="Purari River">Purari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turama_River" title="Turama River">Turama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markham_River" title="Markham River">Markham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mainland <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abede_River" title="Abede River">Abede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afai_River" title="Afai River">Afai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aitape_River" title="Aitape River">Aitape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajova_River" title="Ajova River">Ajova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arafundi_River" title="Arafundi River">Arafundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arai_River" title="Arai River">Arai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramia_River" title="Aramia River">Aramia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroa_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Aroa River (Papua New Guinea)">Aroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asaro_River" title="Asaro River">Asaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atara_River" title="Atara River">Atara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateltem_River" title="Ateltem River">Ateltem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atob_River" title="Atob River">Atob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awung_River" title="Awung River">Awung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bae%27e_River" title="Bae'e River">Bae'e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamu_River" title="Bamu River">Bamu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bapi_River" title="Bapi River">Bapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bensbach_River" title="Bensbach River">Bensbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigei_River" title="Bigei River">Bigei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birim_River_(New_Guinea)" title="Birim River (New Guinea)">Birim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitoi_River" title="Bitoi River">Bitoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiken_Creek" title="Boiken Creek">Boiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumi_River" title="Bumi River">Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busu_River" title="Busu River">Busu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimbu_River" title="Chimbu River">Chimbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimir_River" title="Dimir River">Dimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevala_River" title="Elevala River">Elevala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evapia_River" title="Evapia River">Evapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frieda_River" title="Frieda River">Frieda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gama_River" title="Gama River">Gama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genga_River" title="Genga River">Genga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilagil_River" title="Gilagil River">Gilagil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girua_River" title="Girua River">Girua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogol_River" title="Gogol River">Gogol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guabe_River" title="Guabe River">Guabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam_River" title="Guam River">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guga_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Guga River (Papua New Guinea)">Guga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gum_River" title="Gum River">Gum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongorai_River" title="Hongorai River">Hongorai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaba_River" title="Jaba River">Jaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_River" title="Jimi River">Jimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabenau_River" title="Kabenau River">Kabenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaugel_River" title="Kaugel River">Kaugel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaukombar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaukombar River">Kaukombar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keram_River" title="Keram River">Keram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokun_River" title="Kokun River">Kokun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumil_River" title="Kumil River">Kumil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumusi_River" title="Kumusi River">Kumusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamari_River" title="Lamari River">Lamari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_May_River" title="Left May River">Left May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Schultze_River" title="Leonard Schultze River">Leonard Schultze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malas_River" title="Malas River">Malas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambare_River" title="Mambare River">Mambare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mape_River" title="Mape River">Mape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaweng_River" title="Masaweng River">Masaweng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindjim_River" title="Mindjim River">Mindjim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moam_River" title="Moam River">Moam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morehead_River" title="Morehead River">Morehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_River" title="Musa River">Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numagen_River" title="Numagen River">Numagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuru_River" title="Nuru River">Nuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ok_Tedi_River" title="Ok Tedi River">Ok Tedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omati_River" title="Omati River">Omati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omosa_River" title="Omosa River">Omosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriomo_River" title="Oriomo River">Oriomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahoturi_River" title="Pahoturi River">Pahoturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piore_River" title="Piore River">Piore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piva_River,_Bougainville" class="mw-redirect" title="Piva River, Bougainville">Piva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pual_River" title="Pual River">Pual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaia_River" title="Samaia River">Samaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segero_Creek" title="Segero Creek">Segero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senu_River" title="Senu River">Senu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siki_River" title="Siki River">Siki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogeram_River" title="Sogeram River">Sogeram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_River" title="Song River">Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabali_River" title="Tabali River">Tabali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timper_River" title="Timper River">Timper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomul_River" title="Tomul River">Tomul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torokina_River" title="Torokina River">Torokina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tua_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Tua River (Papua New Guinea)">Tua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanapa_River" title="Vanapa River">Vanapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veimauri_River" title="Veimauri River">Veimauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanang_River" title="Wanang River">Wanang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waria_River" title="Waria River">Waria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassi_Kussa_River" title="Wassi Kussa River">Wassi Kussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watut_River" title="Watut River">Watut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wawoi_River" title="Wawoi River">Wawoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wogamush_River" title="Wogamush River">Wogamush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaganon_River" title="Yaganon River">Yaganon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Yellow River (Papua New Guinea)">Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuat_River" title="Yuat River">Yuat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Britain" title="New Britain">New Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aemoi_River" title="Aemoi River">Aemoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apmi_River" title="Apmi River">Apmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balima_River_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Balima River (Papua New Guinea)">Balima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johanna_River_(New_Britain)" title="Johanna River (New Britain)">Johanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warangoi_River" title="Warangoi River">Warangoi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Ireland_(island)" title="New Ireland (island)">New Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aparam_River" title="Aparam River">Aparam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossuk_River" title="Lossuk River">Lossuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumis_River" title="Lumis River">Lumis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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