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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Conflagration mapping platform developed by NASA</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">NASA FIRMS</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png/300px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png/450px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png/600px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-21_Plesetsk.png 2x" data-file-width="1674" data-file-height="875" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Screenshot of NASA FIRMS in a web browser</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Web_mapping" title="Web mapping">Web mapping</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/firms">https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/firms</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">January 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fire Information for Resource Management System</b> (FIRMS) is a free <a href="/wiki/Web_mapping" title="Web mapping">web mapping</a> platform offered by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> as part of its <i>Earth Science Data Systems</i> (ESDS) Program. It displays active fire locations in <a href="/wiki/Near_real-time" class="mw-redirect" title="Near real-time">near real-time</a> overlaid on a map.<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While created to monitor <a href="/wiki/Wildfires" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildfires">wildfires</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has also been used to report on fires due to military conflicts such as the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Tigray_war" title="Tigray war">Tigray war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bellingcat_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bellingcat-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellites">Satellites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Satellites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The data is collected via satellites in <a href="/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit" title="Sun-synchronous orbit">sun-synchronous orbit</a>, making each satellite pass over the same location on Earth on the same time every day. Each satellite crosses equator from North to South twelve times a day thus also from South to North twelve times a day. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 435px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 430px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Aqua's ascending orbital path as of 2021"><img alt="Aqua's ascending orbital path as of 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png/400px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png/600px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png/800px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_ascending_-_day.png 2x" data-file-width="1060" data-file-height="310" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Aqua_(satellite)" title="Aqua (satellite)">Aqua</a>'s ascending orbital path as of 2021</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 435px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 430px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Aqua's descending orbital path as of 2021"><img alt="Aqua's descending orbital path as of 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png/400px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png/600px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png/800px-Orbit_path_-_Aqua_descending_-_night.png 2x" data-file-width="1060" data-file-height="310" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aqua's descending orbital path as of 2021</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 435px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 430px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png" class="mw-file-description" title="NOAA-20's descending orbital path"><img alt="NOAA-20's descending orbital path" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png/400px-Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png/600px-Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png/800px-Orbit_path_-_NOAA-20_descending_-_night.png 2x" data-file-width="1060" data-file-height="310" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/NOAA-20" title="NOAA-20">NOAA-20</a>'s descending orbital path</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instruments">Instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The data is collected via <a href="/wiki/MODIS" class="mw-redirect" title="MODIS">MODIS</a> (on board <a href="/wiki/Terra_(satellite)" title="Terra (satellite)">Terra</a> and Aqua) and <a href="/wiki/VIIRS" class="mw-redirect" title="VIIRS">VIIRS</a> (on board <a href="/wiki/Suomi_NPP" title="Suomi NPP">Suomi NPP</a>, NOAA-20 and <a href="/wiki/NOAA-21" title="NOAA-21">NOAA-21</a>) satellite instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Spatial_resolution" title="Spatial resolution">spatial resolution</a> of the MODIS instrument is 1 km × 1 km and 375 m × 375 m for VIIRS. This sets a lower limit on how accurately fires can be placed and whether a detection stems from a single larger or multiple smaller fires.<sup id="cite_ref-bellingcat_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bellingcat-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Website">Website</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Website"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The data collected by FIRMS are presented as a free web mapping service, with the active fire locations if any overlaid on a map.<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The detections are displayed on top of a static background layer and each visualized detection is clickable to display its data, such as detection time, coordinates, satellite and instrument. The default static background layer consists of higher resolution satellite imagery with terrain details called <i>Blue Marble</i> in reference to <a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The 2024 Børsen fire detected at 11:48 local time by Terra on its descending pass, overlaid in orange"><img alt="The 2024 Børsen fire detected at 11:48 local time by Terra on its descending pass, overlaid in orange" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png/243px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png" decoding="async" width="243" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png/364px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png/486px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-04-16_B%C3%B8rsen_terra.png 2x" data-file-width="1257" data-file-height="622" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The 2024 <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B8rsen#2024_fire" title="Børsen">Børsen fire</a> detected at 11:48 local time by <a href="/wiki/Terra_(satellite)" title="Terra (satellite)">Terra</a> on its descending pass, overlaid in orange</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The Greenwich Meridian overlaid with latitude-longitude lines"><img alt="The Greenwich Meridian overlaid with latitude-longitude lines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png/221px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png" decoding="async" width="221" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png/331px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png/442px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Greenwich_lines.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="476" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Meridian" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwich Meridian">Greenwich Meridian</a> overlaid with latitude-longitude lines</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the length of a user defined sequence of connected line segments, here the isosceles right triangle of the Virgo interferometer with sides 3 km + 3 km + 3 √2 km ≈ 10.24 km"><img alt="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the length of a user defined sequence of connected line segments, here the isosceles right triangle of the Virgo interferometer with sides 3 km + 3 km + 3 √2 km ≈ 10.24 km" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png/143px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png" decoding="async" width="143" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png/214px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png/286px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Virgo_distance.png 2x" data-file-width="561" data-file-height="471" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the length of a user defined sequence of connected <a href="/wiki/Line_segments" class="mw-redirect" title="Line segments">line segments</a>, here the <a href="/wiki/Isosceles_right_triangle" class="mw-redirect" title="Isosceles right triangle">isosceles right triangle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Virgo_interferometer" title="Virgo interferometer">Virgo interferometer</a> with sides 3 km + 3 km + 3 <span class="nowrap">√<span style="border-top:1px solid; padding:0 0.1em;">2</span></span> km ≈ 10.24 km</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a user defined polygon, here the Toropets depot explosions"><img alt="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a user defined polygon, here the Toropets depot explosions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png/231px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png" decoding="async" width="231" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png/346px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png/461px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-09-18_Toropets_area.png 2x" data-file-width="1675" data-file-height="873" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a user defined <a href="/wiki/Polygon" title="Polygon">polygon</a>, here the <a href="/wiki/Toropets_depot_explosions" title="Toropets depot explosions">Toropets depot explosions</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a self-intersecting polygon such that e.g. a crossed square has zero area"><img alt="The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a self-intersecting polygon such that e.g. a crossed square has zero area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png/192px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png" decoding="async" width="192" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png/288px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png/384px-NASA_FIRMS_2024-10-19_Alxa_League_zero.png 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The FIRMS measurement tool calculates the area of a <a href="/wiki/Self-intersecting_polygon" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-intersecting polygon">self-intersecting polygon</a> such that e.g. a <a href="/wiki/Crossed_square" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossed square">crossed square</a> has zero area</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>FIRMS was developed by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland">University of Maryland</a> in 2007 with NASA funds and from 2010 to 2012 a version of it was run by the <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a>'s <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 January 2023 NASA entered into a <i>Space Act</i> agreement with <a href="/wiki/GIS" class="mw-redirect" title="GIS">GIS</a> software company <a href="/wiki/Esri" title="Esri">Esri</a>. The purpose of the agreement is to further improve global access to NASA's geospatial data via Esri's <a href="/wiki/ArcGIS" title="ArcGIS">ArcGIS</a> software and via <a href="/wiki/Open_Geospatial_Consortium" title="Open Geospatial Consortium">Open Geospatial Consortium</a> data-formats.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA_WorldWind" title="NASA WorldWind">NASA WorldWind</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_Information_for_Resource_Management_System&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-about-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-about_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-about_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-about_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-about_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/near-real-time/firms/about-firms">"About FIRMS"</a>. <i>earthdata.<a href="/wiki/Nasa.gov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasa.gov">nasa.gov</a></i>. 8 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=earthdata.nasa.gov&rft.atitle=About+FIRMS&rft.date=2015-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.earthdata.nasa.gov%2Flearn%2Ffind-data%2Fnear-real-time%2Ffirms%2Fabout-firms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFire+Information+for+Resource+Management+System" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/9c011e1e569845c092eba5c377259202">"FIRMS: Fire Information for Resource Management System"</a>. <i>storymaps.<a href="/wiki/Arcgis.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcgis.com">arcgis.com</a></i>. 2022-01-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=universemagazine.com&rft.atitle=Fire+at+a+Russian+missile+depot&rft.date=2024-09-18&rft.aulast=Burlaka&rft.aufirst=Oleksandr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funiversemagazine.com%2Fen%2Fnasa-satellites-observed-a-fire-at-a-russian-missile-depot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFire+Information+for+Resource+Management+System" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bellingcat-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bellingcat_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bellingcat_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzales2022" class="citation news cs1">Gonzales, Carlos (2022-10-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bellingcat.com/resources/2022/10/04/scorched-earth-using-nasa-fire-data-to-monitor-war-zones/">"Scorched Earth: Using NASA Fire Data to Monitor War Zones"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bellingcat" title="Bellingcat">Bellingcat</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bellingcat&rft.atitle=Scorched+Earth%3A+Using+NASA+Fire+Data+to+Monitor+War+Zones&rft.date=2022-10-04&rft.aulast=Gonzales&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bellingcat.com%2Fresources%2F2022%2F10%2F04%2Fscorched-earth-using-nasa-fire-data-to-monitor-war-zones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFire+Information+for+Resource+Management+System" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://toolkit.climate.gov/dashboard-fire-information-resource-management-system-firms">"Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS)"</a>. <i>toolkit.<a href="/wiki/Climate.gov" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate.gov">climate.gov</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NASA%2FEsri+Agreement+Enhances+Use+of+NASA+Geospatial+Data&rft.date=2023-01-31&rft.aulast=Blumenfeld&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.earthdata.nasa.gov%2Fnews%2Fnasa-esri-agreement-enhances-use-nasa-geospatial-data&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFire+Information+for+Resource+Management+System" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/announcements/esri-signs-space-act-agreement-with-nasa/">"Esri Signs Space Act Agreement with NASA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Esri" title="Esri">Esri</a></i> (Press release). 2023-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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