Vaccines work - Newspaper

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});</script> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="main-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="content"> <main> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12"> <article class="story">   <div class="template__header clearfix modifier--open px-1 ">   <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478907" class="story__title size-ten mt-1 pb-3 border--bottom"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478907/vaccines-work" class="story__link">Vaccines work </a></h2> <div class=" my-3 ml-sm-0 ml-1 block sm-inline-block float-none sm-float-left"><span class="story__byline font--arial "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/618/huma-khawar">Huma Khawar</a></span><span class="divider "></span><span class="story__time font--arial ">April 28, 2019</span> </div>  <div class="block sm-inline-block clearfix float-none sm-float-right"> <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--facebook social--count float-left mr-1 my-2 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Share on Facebook', 'width=640, height=536')" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1478907&display=popup&ref=plugin" target="_blank"><span style="clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); 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Damage has been done, lives have been lost, and there has been a setback to the government’s efforts to make Pakistan polio-free. So it’s time to prevent this from recurring and move towards set objectives.</p> <p>Of the seven million children born in Pakistan every year, more than 2m fail to be fully vaccinated by their first birthday. </p> <p>Immunisation is a cost-effective public health intervention that reduces the risk of life-threatening illness by covering children under two years of age and women of reproductive age between 15 and 49 years. It works on eradication, elimination and reduction in mortality by providing 10 antigens for VPDs (vaccine-preventable disease) in Pakistan. </p> <p>As the world observes World Immunisation Week, with the theme and hashtag ‘Protected Together, #VaccinesWork’, we will need to do some serious introspection before we can ensure that all children, including those in remote, marginalised communities, have access to vaccines and that the latter reach them via a reliable and efficient supply chain system. After all, immunisation can be the difference between life and death.</p> <blockquote> <p>There are a series of interlinked reasons for the disparity in coverage.</p> </blockquote> <p>Pakistan has taken impressive steps to improve vaccine access in recent years, taking the bar from a mere 54 per cent to 65pc (according to the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2017/18).</p> <p>While the progress is encouraging, coverage is uneven and varies, based on geography, wealth and urban-rural disparity. In fact, geographic inequity in immunisation is evident between and within provinces. It is estimated that coverage in Punjab reaches 80pc while the latest survey in Balochistan gives 29pc as the provincial average. Within Punjab, coverage in the southern districts remains below 50pc while many other districts are at over 90pc in immunisation coverage. </p> <p>There are a series of interlinked reasons for the disparity in coverage, resulting in children who have missed vaccinations. These include parents’ lack of trust in vaccinations, the remoteness of family homes, weak access to the country’s Expanded Programme on Immunisation, ignorance of the importance of immunisation, myths and biases against vaccination, and social as well as gender restrictions. </p> <p>A recent threat and an emerging challenge is the continuous massive population movement from villages to cities and the mushrooming growth of slums in the heart of megacities all over Pakistan. Not recognised by public authorities as an integral part of the city (according to UN Habitat), these urban slums have grown significantly over the past years. The unplanned urban migration to slums and undocumented births leave huge gaps in immunisation coverage, since most families in these areas remain undocumented or under-documented. </p> <p>A survey being conducted regarding the mapping of urban slums reveals there are approximately 4,000-5,000 slums in 10 megacities of the country. Interestingly, the number of slums is not important but the scale of the population residing in them is highly disproportionate to the population of the city. Faced with several inequities, communities living in slums are vulnerable because they have weak housing structures, no access to large, well-equipped hospitals, out-of -school children and no solid and liquid waste management systems. They live in extremely unhygienic surroundings. All these conditions make the residents highly vulnerable to infectious diseases. </p> <p>The increase in the number of non-immunised or missed children living in these urban slums poses a big challenge for efforts to administer vaccines. The majority of these people have come from remote, hard-to-reach, uphill, or security-compromised areas and are mostly daily-wage workers or beggars, or even garbage pickers.</p> <p>Obtaining detailed facts to create a profile would help the government learn about the bottlenecks and barriers in routine immunisation, and help in not only prioritising the interventions but also improving the ability to design integrated service-delivery programmes — the latter not only for health but also for other development interventions such as water, sanitation, education and low-cost, durable housing.</p> <p>Luckily, all is not all gloom and doom. What slips through the net are the success stories, which may not be many, but are there nevertheless. </p> <p>Just six months ago, the government was able to reach children who had never received any dose of vaccines, attaining above 93pc coverage through a massive anti-measles campaign. If we can do it for measles, we can put in every effort to increase routine coverage all over the country as well. Perseverance is the key to finding a solution. </p> <p><em>The writer is a freelance journalist.</em></p> <p><em>Published in Dawn, April 24th, 2019</em></p> </div> </div>   <div class="template__footer clearfix modifier--open px-1 "> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-11"> <div class="ml-0 ml-sm-6 px-0 px-sm-2"> <hr> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> <div class="mt-2 mt-sm-0 clearfix float-left sm-float-right">  <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--facebook social--count float-left mr-1 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Share on Facebook', 'width=640, height=536')" rel="noreferrer" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1478907&display=popup&ref=plugin" target="_blank"><span style="clip: rect(1px, 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href="/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/comments-policy" class="size-two text-grey">COMMENT MODERATION POLICY</a></div> </div> <div class="col-4"> <input class="btn button size-three border-none p-2 comments__button uppercase mt-1 theme--black float-right uppercase" type="submit" value="Submit"> </div> </div> <input class="form-control jscheck" type="hidden" name="jscheck" value=""><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="story_id" value="1478907"> <input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="_token" value=""></form> <div class="button-container border--top"> <button type="button" class="button js-comments-sort-votes size-four font--playfair-display py-2 px-3 outline-none border-0 border-l bg-white bg-image-none float-right">Popular</button> <button type="button" class="button js-comments-sort-date--new size-four font--playfair-display py-2 px-3 outline-none border-0 border-l bg-white bg-image-none float-right">Newest</button> <button type="button" disabled="disabled" class="button js-comments-sort-date size-four font--playfair-display py-2 px-3 outline-none border-0 border-l bg-white bg-image-none float-right">Oldest</button> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7009685" data-id="1"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">Hamed A. Jarwar</div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T08:31:47+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T08:31:47+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 08:31am</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>People want immunization or they don't.</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="Hamed A. Jarwar, " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7009685">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7009685">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7010752" data-id="2"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">Najma Hisham</div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T14:34:15+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T14:34:15+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 02:34pm</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>the polio virus very safe, its just an rna genome and some protein capsid.</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="Najma Hisham, " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7010752">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7010752">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7010855" data-id="3"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">Straightforward </div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T15:10:01+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T15:10:01+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 03:10pm</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>Vaccinating our children is a holy act, but why is no one talking about the mishaps of the health department for expired/adulterated vaccines which caused havoc in parts of KP</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="Straightforward , " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7010855">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7010855">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7011009" data-id="4"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">Malik</div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T16:01:48+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T16:01:48+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 04:01pm</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>I have suffered personally from vaccination..my grandson is suffering from Autism. He can not speak. Lack ability to learn....Autism was never in my family. It is curse of vaccination. Please have mercy on new generations..i know u people are paid for writing in favor of vaccination</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="Malik, " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011009">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011009">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7011011" data-id="5"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">danish </div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T16:03:46+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T16:03:46+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 04:03pm</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>spectacular standpoint,......</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="danish , " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011011">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011011">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="comment pb-4 mb-4 border--bottom" id="7011661" data-id="6"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-11"> <div class="comment__author font-bold font--playfair-display size-five float-left mb-1">Gordon D. Walker</div> <div class="timeago comment__date text-grey size-three leading-none clear--left" title="2019-04-28T19:47:01+05:00"><span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2019-04-28T19:47:01+05:00">Apr 28, 2019 07:47pm</span></div> <div class="comment__body mt-2 size-four clearfix"><p>The government must get on with the job... The children are counting on it!</p> <p>Gordon D. Walker</p> <p>Canada</p> </div> <div class=""> <input type="button" value="Reply" data-name="Gordon D. Walker, " class="button p-t-one-eighth p-b-one-eighth px-2 mr-2 comment__reply bg-transparent text-grey size-two border-0 rounded-none border-none hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray"/> <div class="button p-0 no-underline inline-block list-reset cursor-pointer relative whitespace-no-wrap align-middle bg-white border leading-normal size-three hover-bg-image-linear-gradient-lightgray select-none" title="Recommend this comment"> <span class="button__label p-t-one-eighth px-2 text-grey size-two votejs__cast" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011661">Recommend</span> <span class="button__count border--left p-one-eighth text-grey size-two votejs__count" data-vote-key="1478907/up-7011661">0</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div>  </article> </div> </div> </main> <aside class="pb-4">  <section class="widget theme widget-adsense modifywidget--border-off modifywidget--transparent" data-type="adsense" data-id="1220"> <div class="widget__header "> </div> <div 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478978/the-more-things-change" class="story__link">The more things change... </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/2064/ahmed-yusuf">Ahmed Yusuf</a></span> </div></article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:24%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478947" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 sm-float-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478947/editorial-the-hiv-outbreak-in-larkana-must-be-treated-as-a-health-emergency"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc5166816772.jpg" alt="Editorial: The HIV outbreak in Larkana must be treated as a health emergency"/></a></div> </figure>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478947" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478947/editorial-the-hiv-outbreak-in-larkana-must-be-treated-as-a-health-emergency" class="story__link">Editorial: The HIV outbreak in Larkana must be treated as a health emergency </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "></span> </div></article>  </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border-3 border-r-0 border-b-0 border-l-0 border-solid border-black mx-sm-2 mx-0 clearfix"> <h3 class="my-2"><a class="font--playfair-display size-nine leading-tight text-black-light" href="/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/opinion">Opinion</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list px-0 pr-sm-2 col-sm-4 col-12 float-left mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 palm-border--bottom border-grey-lighter equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:99%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478907" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478907/vaccines-work"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc4db06609e0.jpg" alt="Vaccines work"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478907" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478907/vaccines-work" class="story__link">Vaccines work </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">There are a series of interlinked reasons for the disparity in coverage. </div> </article>  </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> <div class=" slideshow--list px-0 col-sm-8 col-12 float-left mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478905" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 sm-float-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478905/employment-for-all"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc4dab7bb8bd.jpg" alt="Employment for all"/></a></div> </figure>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478905" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478905/employment-for-all" class="story__link">Employment for all </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/8201/asad-zaman">Asad Zaman</a></span> </div>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">We must create jobs tailored to the people. </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478904" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 sm-float-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478904/a-long-term-forest-policy"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc4da0edeab7.jpg" alt="A long-term forest policy"/></a></div> </figure>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478904" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478904/a-long-term-forest-policy" class="story__link">A long-term forest policy </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/8443/haseeb-ahmed">Haseeb Ahmed</a></span> </div>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">Forest conservation should feature prominently in our scientific and political discourse. </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478902" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 sm-float-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478902/bri-a-historic-opportunity"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc4d90c8590d.jpg" alt="BRI: a historic opportunity"/></a></div> </figure>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478902" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478902/bri-a-historic-opportunity" class="story__link">BRI: a historic opportunity </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/368/munir-akram">Munir Akram</a></span> </div>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">Not one of America’s Asian allies has the stomach to confront China, their largest trading partner. </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:24%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478675" data-layout="story">  <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 sm-float-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478675/bombs-backlash"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2019/04/5cc3ab42ad1ba.jpg" alt="Bombs &amp; backlash"/></a></div> </figure>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478675" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-five sm-size-five leading-tight py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478675/bombs-backlash" class="story__link">Bombs & backlash </a></h2> <div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text-black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/authors/271/irfan-husain">Irfan Husain</a></span> </div>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">There is no history of discord between Sri Lankan Muslims and Christians. </div> </article>  </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border-3 border-r-0 border-b-0 border-l-0 border-solid border-black mx-sm-2 mx-0"> <h3 class="my-2"><a class="font--playfair-display size-nine leading-tight text-black-light" href="/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/opinion">Editorial</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478900" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial ">April 28, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478900" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478900/kashmirs-example" class="story__link">Kashmir’s example </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">THE scheme that India’s ruling BJP is working on is at variance with the basic tenets of democracy. By all... </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478899" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial "><span class="timestamp--label">Updated</span> April 28, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478899" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478899/hiv-cases" class="story__link">HIV cases </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">IN a shocking development, 18 new HIV-positive cases were detected by the Sindh AIDS Control Programme during... </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478898" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial ">April 28, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478898" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478898/pre-ramazan-prices" class="story__link">Pre-Ramazan prices </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">WITH Ramazan round the corner, the mercenary and cynical characteristics that can often motivate traders’ dealings... </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478671" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial ">April 27, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478671" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478671/polio-tragedy" class="story__link">Polio tragedy </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">IT started with a rumour. As province-wide anti-polio efforts were under way in KP, around 75 students from a school... </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="4" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478670" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial ">April 27, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478670" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478670/pm-on-afghanistan" class="story__link">PM on Afghanistan </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">SHARING a border as well as cultural ties, it is unfortunate that Afghanistan and Pakistan should have strained... </div> </article>  </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right border-grey-lighter palm-border--bottom equalize last-child-border-none float-left" data-id="5" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;">  <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1478669" data-layout="story"><span class="story__time size-two text-grey font--arial ">April 27, 2019</span>  <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1478669" class="story__title font--playfair-display text-black-light size-four sm-size-five leading-tight "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428162452/https://www.dawn.com/news/1478669/punjabs-centres-of-power" class="story__link">Punjab’s centres of power </a></h2>  <div class="story__excerpt size-four text-black font--georgia ">FROM Shahbaz Sharif to Usman Buzdar — it has been quite a journey for Pakistan’s largest province, especially... </div> </article>  </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="px-2">  <div class="ad py-4 block sm-hidden" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:320px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:320px;max-height:100px;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper rad--multi ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1539321627240-0" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:320px;height:100px;"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1539321627240-0'); 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