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href="#15th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>15th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-15th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-17th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>17th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>18th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p> This is a <b>timeline of <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albanian</a> history</b>, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Albania and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania" title="History of Albania">History of Albania</a>. 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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2nd_century_AD_to_12th_century">2nd century AD to 12th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 2nd century AD to 12th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>150 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>'s map shows the city of <i><a href="/wiki/Albanopolis" title="Albanopolis">Albanopolis</a></i> (located Northeast of <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ptolemy also mentions the <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Illyrian tribe">Illyrian tribe</a> named <i><a href="/wiki/Albanoi" title="Albanoi">Albanoi</a></i>, who lived around this city.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area was part of the Roman province of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>244-311 </td> <td> </td> <td><i>Epirus Nova</i> or <i>New Epirus</i> or <i>Illyria Graeca</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Illyris proper</i> was a province of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> established by <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> during his restructuring of provincial boundaries. The province, belonged to the Roman province of Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later it became a theme<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dyrrachium" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyrrachium">Dyrrachium</a> was established as the capital of Epirus nova.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Roman administrative region of Epirus Nova corresponded to southern <a href="/wiki/Illyria" title="Illyria">Illyria</a>, which was in part subject to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek culture">ancient Greek</a> influence.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1000-1018 </td> <td> </td> <td>The <i>Arbanasi</i> people are recorded as being 'half-believers' (non-Orthodox Christians) and speaking their own language in the Fragment of Origins of Nations between 1000 and 1018 by an anonymous author in a Bulgarian text of the 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie2003_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie2003-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1043 </td> <td> </td> <td>In <i>History</i> written in 1079–1080, Byzantine historian <a href="/wiki/Michael_Attaliates" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Attaliates">Michael Attaliates</a> referred to the <i>Albanoi</i> as having taken part in a revolt against <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1043 and to the <i>Arbanitai</i> as subjects of the duke of <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Dyrrachium</a>. It is disputed, however, whether the "Albanoi" of the events of 1043 refers to Albanians in an ethnic sense or whether "Albanoi" is a reference to <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> under an archaic name (there was also tribe of Italy by the name of "Albanoi").<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However a later reference to Albanians from the same Attaliates, regarding the participation of Albanians in a rebellion in 1078, is undisputed.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1081–1118 </td> <td> </td> <td><i>Arbanitai</i> of <i>Arbanon</i> are recorded in an account by <a href="/wiki/Anna_Comnena" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Comnena">Anna Comnena</a> of the troubles in that region during the reign of her father <a href="/wiki/Alexius_I_Comnenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexius I Comnenus">Alexius I Comnenus</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1190 </td> <td> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Principality of Arbanon</a> was created. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1200 </td> <td> </td> <td>Local Albanian noble families began to emerge and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">Serbia</a> occupies parts of northern Albania. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="13th_century">13th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 13th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1204</td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> won control over most of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Fourth Crusade</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a> regained control of the southern portion of Albania and established the <a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Epirus" title="Despotate of Epirus">Despotate of Epirus</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1258</td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Capetian_House_of_Anjou" title="Capetian House of Anjou">Angevin</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> seized the Albanian coast and much of the <a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Epirus" title="Despotate of Epirus">Epirus</a> hinterland. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1272</td> <td></td> <td>Forces allied to Angevin <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I of Naples">Charles I of Naples</a> occupied <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> and established the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Kingdom of Albania</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1280</td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Berat_(1280%E2%80%931281)" title="Siege of Berat (1280–1281)">Siege of Berat (1280–1281)</a></i>: An Angevin offensive against <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a> was repulsed by the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1290</td> <td></td> <td>Albania began to come under <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">Serbian</a> attack. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="14th_century">14th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 14th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>1304</td> <td></td> <td>The Angevins recaptured the Kingdom of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1368</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Thopia" title="Karl Thopia">Karl Thopia</a> captured <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> from the Angevins. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1385</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Thopia" title="Karl Thopia">Thopia</a> invited the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> to intervene against his rival <a href="/wiki/Balsha_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Balsha II">Balsha II</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1389</td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo" title="Battle of Kosovo">Battle of Kosovo</a></i>: Albanians, as part of a <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Serbia" title="Moravian Serbia">Serbian</a>-led <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan</a>, were crushed by <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces.<sup id="cite_ref-:06_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:06-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="15th_century">15th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 15th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>1405</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Kastrioti" class="mw-redirect" title="George Kastrioti">George Kastrioti</a>, later <a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg" title="Skanderbeg">Skanderbeg</a>, was born.<sup id="cite_ref-:06_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:06-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1430</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjon_Kastrioti" title="Gjon Kastrioti">Gjon Kastrioti</a> led an unsuccessful uprising against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1433</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gjergj_Arianiti" title="Gjergj Arianiti">Gjergj Arianiti</a> rebelled against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> with some success. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1443</td> <td></td> <td>After being sent into battle near <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg" title="Skanderbeg">Skanderbeg</a> entered Albania and reembraced Roman Catholicism, marking the beginning of a long war against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:06_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:06-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1444</td> <td></td> <td>Skanderbeg was proclaimed chief of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1450</td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg" title="Skanderbeg">Skanderbeg</a>, routed <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces.<sup id="cite_ref-:06_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:06-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1466</td> <td></td> <td>The Albanians, led by Skanderbeg, began the defense of <a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krujë</a> against massive <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> armies. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1467</td> <td></td> <td>The defense of <a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krujë</a> ended. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1468</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg" title="Skanderbeg">Skanderbeg</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1478</td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Siege_of_Kruj%C3%AB_(1478)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Siege of Krujë (1478)">Fourth Siege of Krujë (1478)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kruj%C3%AB" title="Krujë">Krujë</a> fell to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, causing many <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> to flee to southern Italy, Greece, <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)">Egypt</a>, and elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-:06_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:06-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1479</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a> fell to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> in <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Shkodra" title="Siege of Shkodra">Fourth siege of Shkodra</a> the Albanians were helped by <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> but still lost. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="17th_century">17th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 17th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1700</td> <td></td> <td>Some Albanians who converted to Islam found careers in the government and military services of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>A mass conversion of Albanians began which would see some two-thirds of them become Muslims. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="18th_century">18th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>1785</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kara_Mahmud_Bushati" class="mw-redirect" title="Kara Mahmud Bushati">Kara Mahmud Bushati</a>, an Albanian noble from the <a href="/wiki/Bushati" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushati">Bushati</a> family based in <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a>, attacked <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Montenegro" title="Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro">Montenegrin</a> territory and was named governor of Shkodër by <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> authorities. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1800</td> <td></td> <td>Most <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> conversion to Islam came to an end. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>1822</td> <td></td> <td>Albanian leader <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pash%C3%AB_Tepelena" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Pashë Tepelena">Ali Pashë Tepelena</a> was assassinated by <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> agents for promoting an autonomous state. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1830</td> <td></td> <td>Five hundred Albanian leaders, accepting an invitation to meet with an Ottoman general in <a href="/wiki/Monastir_Vilayet" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastir Vilayet">Monastir</a>, were trapped and killed in an ambush. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1835</td> <td></td> <td>The Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Sublime_Porte" title="Sublime Porte">Sublime Porte</a> divided Albanian-populated lands into the Ottoman-administered <i><a href="/wiki/Vilayets" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilayets">vilayets</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Ioannina" title="Ioannina">Janina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rumelia" title="Rumelia">Rumelia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1848</td> <td></td> <td>Albanians rose up against the <a href="/wiki/Tanzimat" title="Tanzimat">Tanzimat</a> reforms. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1861</td> <td></td> <td>The first school known to use the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian language</a> in modern times opened in <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1877</td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a></i>: The war began. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1878</td> <td></td> <td><i>Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> was defeated by its rival <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, seriously weakening Ottoman power over Albanian-populated areas. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Albanian leaders meeting in <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a> formed the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a> to advocate a unified Albania under <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> suzerainty. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1879</td> <td></td> <td>The Society for Printing of Albanian Writings, composed of Roman Catholic, Muslim, and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> Albanians, was founded in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1881</td> <td></td> <td>Ottoman forces crushed Albanian resistance fighters at <a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>. The leaders of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a> and their families were arrested and deported. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1897</td> <td></td> <td>Ottoman authorities disbanded a reactivated <a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20th_century">20th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td>1906</td> <td></td> <td>Albanians began joining the <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Union_and_Progress" title="Committee of Union and Progress">Committee of Union and Progress</a> in the hope of gaining autonomy for their nation within the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1908</td> <td></td> <td>Albanian intellectuals meeting in <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a> chose the <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin alphabet</a> as the standard script for the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian language</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1911</td> <td>April 6</td> <td>Albanian Highlanders under <a href="/wiki/Ded_Gjo_Luli" title="Ded Gjo Luli">Ded Gjo Luli</a> defeated Ottoman forces in the town of <a href="/wiki/Tuzi" title="Tuzi">Tuzi</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">1912</td> <td>May</td> <td>Albanians rose against Ottoman authority and seized <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a></i>: The war began, encouraging Albanian leaders to affirm the independence of their state. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Muslim and Christian delegates declared Albania independent at <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a> and established a provisional government. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>An <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1912%E2%80%9313" class="mw-redirect" title="London Conference of 1912–13">ambassadorial conference in London</a> gave half of Albanian territory to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greece</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top">1913</td> <td>May</td> <td><i>First Balkan War</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1913)" title="Treaty of London (1913)">Treaty of London</a> ended the war. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a></i>: The war began. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td><i>Second Balkan War</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1913)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1913)">Treaty of Bucharest</a> ended the war and recognized an independent Albanian state ruled by a constitutional monarchy. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1914</td> <td>March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm,_Prince_of_Albania" title="Wilhelm, Prince of Albania">William</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian_monarchs" title="List of Albanian monarchs">Prince of Albania</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Neustadt_(Wied)" title="Neustadt (Wied)">Wied</a> was installed as head of the new Principality of Albania by the <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_of_Control" class="mw-redirect" title="International Commission of Control">International Commission of Control</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></i>: The new Albanian state collapsed. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1918</td> <td>November</td> <td><i>World War I</i>: The war ended with Albanian territory divided under <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French</a> military occupation. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Albanian leaders met at <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> to discuss presentation of Albanian interests at the upcoming Paris Peace Conference. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1919</td> <td>January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a> attacked Albania, forcing Albanians to adopt guerrilla warfare. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference,_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Peace Conference, 1919">Paris Peace Conference, 1919</a></i>: Albania was divided between <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> at the conference, which did not admit Albanian representation. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">1920</td> <td>January</td> <td>Albanian leaders meeting at <a href="/wiki/Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Lushnjë">Lushnjë</a> rejected the partition of Albania, warned that Albanians would take up arms in defense of their territory, and created a bicameral parliament. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>The Albanian government under <a href="/wiki/Sulejman_Delvina" title="Sulejman Delvina">Sulejman Delvina</a> moved to the new capital <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Albania forced <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> to withdraw its troops and abandon territorial claims to almost all Albanian territory. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Albania was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> as a sovereign and independent state. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top">1921</td> <td>November</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavian</a> army invaded the Albanian territories they had not previously occupied. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>A <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> commission forced a Yugoslavian withdrawal and reaffirmed the 1913 borders of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The Popular Party headed by <a href="/wiki/Xhafer_Bej_Ypi" class="mw-redirect" title="Xhafer Bej Ypi">Xhafer Bej Ypi</a> formed a government, with the future King <a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog of Albania</a> acting as internal affairs minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1922</td> <td>August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople</a> <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Meletius_IV_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Meletius IV of Constantinople">Patriarch Meletius IV of Constantinople</a> recognized the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Autocephalous_Church_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania">Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a> became Prime Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1923</td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunnis</a> of Albania broke the last of their ties with the dissolving <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, pledging primary allegiance to their native country. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">1924</td> <td>March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog's</a> party won elections to the National Assembly. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a> stepped down after a financial scandal and an assassination attempt. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>A peasant-backed insurgency won control of <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>, installed <a href="/wiki/Fan_S._Noli" class="mw-redirect" title="Fan S. Noli">Fan S. Noli</a> as Prime Minister and forced <a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog of Albania</a> to flee to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a>, backed by the Yugoslavian army, returned to power and forced <a href="/wiki/Fan_S._Noli" class="mw-redirect" title="Fan S. Noli">Noli</a> to flee to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1925</td> <td>May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> began to penetrate Albanian public and economic life. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1926</td> <td>November 27</td> <td>Italy and Albania signed the First Treaty of Tirana, guaranteeing Albanian boundaries and the political position of <a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1928</td> <td>August</td> <td>Zog pressured the parliament to dissolve itself and called a constituent assembly which declared him King. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1931</td> <td></td> <td>Zog refused to renew the First Treaty of Tirana despite Italian political and economic pressure. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1934</td> <td></td> <td>Italy suspended economic support to Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935</td> <td></td> <td>Italian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> renewed economic aid to Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14" valign="top">1939</td> <td>March 17</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> ambassador assured <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Mussolini</a> of German support for an Italian invasion of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 25</td> <td>The Italian ambassador demanded that Albania become an Italian protectorate. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The Albanian army mobilized. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">April 5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leka,_Crown_Prince_of_Albania_(born_1939)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leka, Crown Prince of Albania (born 1939)">Leka, Crown Prince of Albania</a>, the heir to the Albanian throne, was born. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a> appealed to the democracies. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a> appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Pact" title="Balkan Pact">Balkan Pact</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">April 7</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></i>: Fifty thousand <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a> marines landed in the ports of <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sh%C3%ABngjin" title="Shëngjin">Shëngjin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarand%C3%AB" title="Sarandë">Sarandë</a>. See also: <a href="/wiki/Albania_under_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under Italy">Albania under Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albania_under_Nazi_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under Nazi Germany">Albania under Nazi Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albanian_resistance_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian resistance during World War II">Albanian resistance during World War II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zog_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Zog of Albania">Zog</a> fled with his wife, Queen <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9raldine_Apponyi_de_Nagyappony" class="mw-redirect" title="Géraldine Apponyi de Nagyappony">Géraldine Apponyi de Nagyappony</a>, and their infant son <a href="/wiki/Leka,_Crown_Prince_of_Albania_(born_1939)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leka, Crown Prince of Albania (born 1939)">Leka</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greece</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 8</td> <td>Italian troops occupied <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">April 12</td> <td>A constituent assembly summoned in Tirana by pro-<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a> notables approved a personal union with Italy. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shefqet_Bej_Verlaci" class="mw-redirect" title="Shefqet Bej Verlaci">Shefqet Bej Verlaci</a> became Prime Minister and acting Head of State. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 14</td> <td>Albania withdrew from the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 16</td> <td>Italian King <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel III of Italy">Victor Emmanuel III of Italy</a> was crowned King of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 22</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Jacomoni_di_San_Savino" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Jacomoni di San Savino">Francesco Jacomoni di San Savino</a> was appointed the viceroy of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">1940</td> <td></td> <td>The Albanian constitution was voided. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Fascist_Party" title="Albanian Fascist Party">Albanian Fascist Party</a> was established. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The Albanian army was merged into the Italian army. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 28</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War</a></i>: The war began. The Italian army invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greece</a> through Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" valign="top">1941</td> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Croatian</a> <a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Greece">Battle of Greece</a></i>: Germany invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Gl%C3%BCcksburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg)">Greece</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis occupation of Greece during World War II">Axis occupation of Greece during World War II</a></i>: Greece was partitioned between Germany, Italy and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, with Italy occupying the bulk of the Greek mainland and most of the islands. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">Communist Party</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, began to organize Albanian <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communists</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 8</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Communist Party">Albanian Communist Party</a> was founded under First Secretary <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Merlika-Kruja" title="Mustafa Merlika-Kruja">Mustafa Merlika-Kruja</a> became Prime Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1942</td> <td>September 16</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Pez%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Conference of Pezë">Conference of Pezë</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Movement_(Albania)" title="National Liberation Movement (Albania)">National Liberation Movement (Albania)</a> was established. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>Noncommunist nationalist groups appeared to resist <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a> occupation. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1943</td> <td>August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_between_Italy_and_Allied_armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces">Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces</a>, dissolving much of its armed forces and loosening its hold over Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> forces invaded and occupied Albania. The Albanian Kingdom became a German puppet state. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" valign="top">1944</td> <td>January</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Movement_(Albania)" title="National Liberation Movement (Albania)">National Liberation Movement</a>, supplied with British weapons, gained control of southern Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communists</a> met to organize an Albanian government and appointed <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a> chairman of the executive committee and supreme commander of the National Liberation Movement. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Communist forces enter central and northern Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>The Communists established a provisional government with <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a> as Prime Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>The Communists entered the capital in the wake of a German withdrawal. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The Communist provisional government adopted laws allowing state regulation of commercial enterprises and foreign and domestic trade. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8" valign="top">1945</td> <td>January</td> <td>The Communist provisional government agreed to restore <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> as an autonomous region. </td></tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>The government began to condemn thousands of "war criminals" and "enemies of the people" to death or to prison, and to nationalize industry, transportation, forests, and pastures. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> recognized the government of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>Sweeping agricultural reforms began under which about half of arable land was eventually redistributed to peasants from large landowners and most church properties were nationalized. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Relief_and_Rehabilitation_Administration" title="United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration">United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration</a> began sending supplies to Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> recognized the Albanian provisional government. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Britain and the United States made full diplomatic recognition of Albania conditional. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Elections for the People's Assembly were held in which only candidates from the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Front_(Albania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Front (Albania)">Democratic Front (Albania)</a> were on ballot. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">1946</td> <td>January</td> <td>The People's Assembly proclaimed the Socialist People's Republic of Albania, signalling the beginning of purges of noncommunists from positions of power. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>A treaty of friendship and cooperation was signed with <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, marking the beginning of a flow of Yugoslavian advisers and grain into Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 26</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Corfu_Channel_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Corfu Channel Incident">Corfu Channel Incident</a></i>: Two British ships were destroyed by mines off the Albanian coast in the <a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Corfu" title="Straits of Corfu">Straits of Corfu</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Albania broke diplomatic relations with the United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top">1947</td> <td></td> <td><i>Corfu Channel Incident</i>: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_22" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 22">United Nations Security Council Resolution 22</a> recommended that the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> settle the dispute between the UK and Albania regarding the sinking of two British ships in the <a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Corfu" title="Straits of Corfu">Straits of Corfu</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The Economic Planning Commission first drew up an economic plan with production targets for mining, manufacturing and agricultural enterprises. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></i>: A United Nations commission concluded that Albania, together with <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, supported <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Army_of_Greece" title="Democratic Army of Greece">Communist guerrillas</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>Yugoslavian leaders launched a verbal offensive against anti-Yugoslavian Albanian <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communists</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a>, empowering the pro-Yugoslavian faction. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Albania refused to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</a> of the United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7" valign="top">1948</td> <td>February</td> <td>Albanian Communist Party leaders began voting to merge the Albanian and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavian</a> economies and militaries. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>The measure to merge the Albanian and Yugoslavian economies and militaries passed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Cominform" title="Cominform">Cominform</a> expelled Yugoslavia, triggering the souring of Albanian relations with that country. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Hoxha began purging high-ranking party members accused of <a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Albania abrogated its treaty of friendship with Yugoslavia. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> began giving economic aid and sending advisers to Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>The first Party Congress changed the name of the Communist Party to the Party of Labour of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top">1949</td> <td>January</td> <td>The regime issued a Decree on Religious Communities. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>Albania joined the <a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon)</a>, a free trade area separate from the rest of the world. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Albanian Communists thought to be supporters of Yugoslavian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a> were purged. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1950</td> <td></td> <td>Britain and the United States begin inserting unsuccessful anticommunist Albanian guerrilla units into Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>A new constitution was approved by the People's Assembly, under which Hoxha became minister of defense and foreign minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951</td> <td>February</td> <td>Albania and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> signed an agreement on mutual economic assistance. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954</td> <td>July</td> <td>Hoxha relinquished the post of Prime Minister to <a href="/wiki/Mehmet_Shehu" title="Mehmet Shehu">Mehmet Shehu</a> but retained primary power as First Secretary of the Communist Party. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955</td> <td>May</td> <td>Albania became a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1956</td> <td>February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a> chief <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> delivered the speech "<a href="/wiki/On_the_Personality_Cult_and_its_Consequences" class="mw-redirect" title="On the Personality Cult and its Consequences">On the Personality Cult and its Consequences</a>" in which he criticized his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>, and caused a chill in relations with Albania under the pro-Stalin <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1959</td> <td></td> <td>Large amounts of economic aid from the Soviet Union, Eastern European countries and China began pouring into Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a> visited Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1960</td> <td>June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Albanian_split" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet–Albanian split">Soviet–Albanian split</a></i>: Albania sided with the People's Republic of China, causing the Soviet Union to dramatically curtail economic support. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Hoxha railed against Khrushchev and supported China during an international Communist conference in Moscow. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1961</td> <td>February</td> <td>Hoxha harangued against the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia at Albania's Fourth Party Congress. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> broke diplomatic relations with Albania, spurring Eastern European Communist countries to severely reduce their Albanian contacts and Albania to improve its relationship with China. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1962</td> <td></td> <td>The Albanian regime introduced an austerity program in an attempt to compensate for the withdrawal of Soviet economic support. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Albania became the spokesman for China at the UN. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964</td> <td>October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a> was forced to resign, to the delight of <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1966</td> <td>February</td> <td>Hoxha initiated a Cultural and Ideological Revolution. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>The Albanian <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communist Party</a> issued an "open letter" establishing an egalitarian wage and job structure for all workers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967</td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a> regime began to conduct a violent campaign against religious life which would close or convert to other uses over two thousand religious buildings by the end of the year. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968</td> <td>August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia">Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia</a></i>: Albania condemned the invasion and withdrew from the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1976</td> <td>September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> Chairman <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> died, leading eventually to a cooling of relations with Albania known as the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Albanian_split" title="Sino-Albanian split">Sino-Albanian split</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>A new constitution superseded the 1950 version and renamed Albania the Socialist People's Republic of Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977</td> <td></td> <td>Top military officials were purged after a "Chinese conspiracy" was uncovered. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978</td> <td>July</td> <td>China terminated all economic and military aid to Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a> selected <a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Ramiz Alia</a> as the next party head, bypassing <a href="/wiki/Mehmet_Shehu" title="Mehmet Shehu">Mehmet Shehu</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981</td> <td>December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mehmet_Shehu" title="Mehmet Shehu">Shehu</a> died, either by his own hand or on the orders of Hoxha. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982</td> <td>November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> became Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983</td> <td></td> <td>Hoxha began his retirement, leaving more administrative power to <a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985</td> <td>April</td> <td>Hoxha died. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986</td> <td>November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> was featured as the undisputed leader of the country and <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Party</a> at the Ninth Party Congress. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">1987</td> <td>August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> ended the state of war. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Albania and Greece signed a series of long-term agreements. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989</td> <td>September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a>, addressing the Eighth Plenum of the Central Committee, signalled that radical changes to the economic system were necessary. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14" valign="top">1990</td> <td>January</td> <td>Demonstrations against the Ninth Plenum of the Central Committee at <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a> forced authorities to declare state of emergency. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> declared his willingness to establish diplomatic relations with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and the United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Javier_P%C3%A9rez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Javier Pérez de Cuéllar">Javier Pérez de Cuéllar</a>, Secretary-General of the United Nations, visited Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>The regime announced its desire to join the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> with the passage of laws liberalizing the criminal code, reforming the court system, lifting some restrictions on freedom of worship, and guaranteeing the right to travel abroad. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Young people demonstrated against the regime in <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>, causing five thousand citizens to seek refuge in foreign embassies. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Albania and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> signed a protocol normalizing relations. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>The government abandoned its monopoly on foreign commerce and began to open Albania to foreign trade. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> addressed the United Nations General Assembly in New York City. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a> hosted the Balkan Foreign Ministers' Conference. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Kadare" title="Ismail Kadare">Ismail Kadare</a>, Albania's most prominent writer, defected to France. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> met with university students demonstrating against his dictatorship. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The Thirteenth Plenum of the Central Committee of the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communist Party</a> authorized a multiparty system. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The opposition <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Albania" title="Democratic Party of Albania">Democratic Party of Albania</a> was established. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>A draft constitution was published. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="22" valign="top">1991</td> <td>January</td> <td>The opposition newspaper <i>Rilindja Demokratike</i> began publishing. </td></tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>Thousands of Albanians seek refuge in Greece. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>Albania and the United States reestablished diplomatic relations. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>Thousands of Albanians attempt to gain asylum in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>Multiparty elections were held. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The elections came to a close. With 99 percent turnout the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communist Party</a> won over 67 percent of vote for seats in the People's Assembly. The <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Democratic Party">Albanian Democratic Party</a> won about 30 percent. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The People's Assembly reelected <a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Ramiz Alia</a> to a new presidential term. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>A reorganization replaced the Ministry of Internal Affairs with the Ministry of Public Order and placed the Frontier Guards and Directorate of Prison Administration under the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Justice, respectively. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The People's Assembly passed a Law on Major Constitutional Provisions providing for fundamental human rights and separation of powers, invalidating the 1976 constitution. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The People's Assembly appointed a commission to draft a new constitution. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Fatos_Nano" title="Fatos Nano">Fatos Nano</a> and his cabinet resigned in the face of trade unions call for general strike. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>A coalition government led by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ylli_Bufi" title="Ylli Bufi">Ylli Bufi</a> took office. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>The Tenth Congress of the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communist Party</a> disbanded the party and established the new <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">Socialist Party of Albania</a> (SPA). </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>Albania was accepted as a full member of the <a href="/wiki/OSCE_Minsk_Group" title="OSCE Minsk Group">OSCE Minsk Group</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>United States Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">James Baker</a> visited Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>The <i><a href="/wiki/Sigurimi" title="Sigurimi">Sigurimi</a></i> was abolished and replaced by the National Information Service. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>Up to eighteen thousand Albanians crossed the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> to unsuccessfully seek asylum in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>The People's Assembly passed a law on economic activity that authorized private ownership of property, privatizing of state property, investment by foreigners, and private employment of workers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>The United States reopened an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>Albania joined the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>The coalition government collapsed amid accusations that the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Communist Party</a> was blocking reform. <a href="/wiki/Ylli_Bufi" title="Ylli Bufi">Bufi</a> resigned. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Alia</a> named <a href="/wiki/Vilson_Ahmeti" title="Vilson Ahmeti">Vilson Ahmeti</a> Prime Minister and set elections for March 1992. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" valign="top">1992</td> <td>February</td> <td>The People's Assembly prevents OMONIA, the party representing Greek Albanians, from fielding candidates in the elections planned for March. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 22</td> <td>In the midst of economic freefall and social chaos, a decisive electoral victory is won by the anticommunist opposition led by the Democratic Party. The Democrats win 62% of the votes and achieve an overall majority with 92 of the 140 seats in the parliament. The Socialists, with 26% of the vote, win 38 seats. Turnout is 90%. (to March 29) </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 3</td> <td>Alia resigns as president and is succeeded on April 9 by <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a>, the first democratic leader of Albania since Bishop Noli. The first non-Communist government, headed by <a href="/wiki/Aleksand%C3%ABr_Meksi" title="Aleksandër Meksi">Aleksandër Meksi</a>, is elected on April 13. Its stated priority is to establish law and order to transform the paralyzed economy through a reform program emphasizing a free-market economy and privatization. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 16</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Selami" title="Eduard Selami">Eduard Selami</a> is elected chairman of the Democratic Party. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>Albania signs the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Pact with ten other countries, including six former Soviet republics. The Pact establishes the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" title="Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation">Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>The Albanian Communist Party is outlawed, and its chairman, <a href="/wiki/Hysni_Milloshi" title="Hysni Milloshi">Hysni Milloshi</a>, is arrested in Tirana and charged with illegally carrying a gun. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 26</td> <td>Four months after its March defeat, the Socialist Party makes impressive gains in the country's first democratic local elections. The Democratic Party wins 43.2% of the vote, compared to 41.3% cast for the Socialists. Continued economic hardships, general apathy, and a split within the Democratic Party contributed to its poor showing. It holds local administrative control in most large cities, while the Socialists control much of the countryside. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Former President Alia is detained, joining eighteen other former communist officials, including <a href="/wiki/Nexhmije_Hoxha" title="Nexhmije Hoxha">Nexhmije Hoxha</a>, who are charged with corruption and other offenses. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 3</td> <td>The split in the Democratic Party grows into a rift when a group of reform-minded Democrats break away and form a new party, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_Party_(Albania)" title="Democratic Alliance Party (Albania)">Democratic Alliance</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Albania is granted membership of the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of the Islamic Conference</a> and in the same month applies to join <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, becoming the first former <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> country formally to seek membership in the Western alliance. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12" valign="top">1993</td> <td>January 27</td> <td>Nexhmije Hoxha is sentenced to nine years' imprisonment, having been found guilty of embezzling state funds. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>Former prime minister <a href="/wiki/Vilson_Ahmeti" title="Vilson Ahmeti">Vilson Ahmeti</a> is placed under house arrest, following charges of corruption. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manfred_W%C3%B6rner" title="Manfred Wörner">Manfred Wörner</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_Secretaries_General" class="mw-redirect" title="List of NATO Secretaries General">Secretary General of NATO</a> visits Tirana. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>Albania recognizes the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 25</td> <td>Pope <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a> makes a historic visit. (The last pope to travel to Albania – in 1464 – died en route.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>Nexhmije Hoxha's prison sentence is increased by two years. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Albania expels a <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox">Greek Orthodox</a> cleric, who is alleged to have distributed maps showing southern Albania as Greek territory. Greece subsequently deports thousands of illegal Albanian <a href="/wiki/Migrant_worker" title="Migrant worker">migrant workers</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 30</td> <td>The leader of the Socialist Party, former prime minister Nano, is arrested on allegations of abuse of power. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>Alia is arrested on charges of abuse of power. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Ahmeti is sentenced to two years' imprisonment. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>President Berisha and President <a href="/wiki/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87" title="Momir Bulatović">Momir Bulatović</a> of <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> meet in Tirana to discuss ways of improving Albanian-Montenegrin relations. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>Greece recalls its ambassador for consultations after a series of border incidents and alleged <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuses">human rights abuses</a> in Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" valign="top">1994</td> <td></td> <td>Albania's postcommunist transformation continues, with more progress in some areas than others. <a href="/wiki/Greek-Albanian_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek-Albanian relations">Greek-Albanian relations</a> deteriorate, and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> blocks European Union loans to <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>, impeding Albania's much-needed integration into Europe. Gross domestic product grows by 8%, and inflation continues its downward spiral. Unemployment, however, remains the country's Achilles' heel; more than 300,000 workers are unemployed. Some $400 million sent home by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albanian_emigrants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albanian emigrants (page does not exist)">Albanian emigrants</a> play a vital role in boosting the domestic economy by increasing the volume of disposable income. For most, economic hardship and widespread poverty are the norm. Albania's foreign debt continues to soar. The <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Albania" title="Politics of Albania">political climate</a> is relatively stable, but hostility between ruling and opposition forces continues to surface. The Socialist Party and other political groups accuse President <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a> of becoming increasingly authoritarian. Albania makes considerable progress in foreign affairs, although relations with some of its neighbours continue to be fraught with problems. The impasse in relations between Belgrade and Tirana persists, but ties with <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, Turkey, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> further improve. Relations with Greece raise worries about a new Balkan flash point. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>Following a raid on an army training camp in which two Albanian conscripts were killed, Tirana arrests five ethnic Greeks, finds them guilty of espionage and illegal possession of weapons, and sentences them to between six and eight years in prison. Angered by the verdict, (the court was being held behind closed doors, no international observers were allowed) Athens reportedly expels as many as 70,000 of the 300,000 illegal Albanian immigrants living in Greece. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fatos_Nano" title="Fatos Nano">Fatos Nano</a> is convicted of state funds during his premiership in 1991 and sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment; the ruling is upheld by an appeals court in the following month. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Alia" title="Ramiz Alia">Ramiz Alia</a> is tried on a number of charges, including forced deportation of political prisoners, <a href="/wiki/Summary_execution" title="Summary execution">summary executions</a>, and the upholding of the 1967 ban on religious activity. The charges are later changed to abuse of power and violation of citizens' rights. Alia pleads "not guilty" and protests that the allegations made against him are unclear; he is convicted, however, and sentenced to 9 years' imprisonment. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 4</td> <td>A draft constitution is presented to Berisha. Failing to obtain the requisite two-thirds majority approval for it in the People's Assembly, Berisha calls for a national referendum, the first of its kind. Surprisingly, the November 6 vote goes against Berisha (53.9% of voters reject the draft constitution), perpetuating the deadlock with the Socialists. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Alia's prison sentence is reduced to 5 years. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" valign="top">1995</td> <td></td> <td>Berisha still faces formidable political, economic, and social problems. The leading opposition Socialist Party threatens the Democratic Party's hold on power, while the latter cites notable successes in economic and foreign affairs and predicts victory in the parliamentary elections scheduled for March 1996. Among the 49 new legislative decisions approved by the People's Assembly in 1995 are land and property laws that positively affect the flow of domestic and foreign investments, especially in the field of agriculture. The process of privatization continues, with some 1,400 small-sized enterprises privatized. Albania's $700 million foreign debt is substantially reduced. Gross domestic product grows by an estimated 6%, and inflation drops to about 10%. The agricultural, construction, and private-service sectors register high rates of growth – 15%, 90%, and 25%, respectively. The industrial sector remains the weakest economic link, with continued production losses. Exports also lag. Continued progress is made in foreign affairs, with the exception of an impasse between Tirana and Belgrade. A slight improvement in Greek-Albanian relations is evidenced. U.S.-Albanian military cooperation develops quickly. Joint projects in 1995 include U.S. intelligence-gathering flights to Bosnia and Herzegovina from bases in Albania, exchanges of high-level military delegations, medical and military exercises, and the construction of Albania's only military hospital. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>The chairman of the Democratic Party, <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Selami" title="Eduard Selami">Eduard Selami</a>, is dismissed at an extraordinary party congress for opposing Berisha's efforts to organize a further referendum for the draft constitution. Selami is replaced by <a href="/wiki/Tritan_Shehu" title="Tritan Shehu">Tritan Shehu</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>Italy deploys troops along its coast to stem the continued influx of Albanian illegal immigrants. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilir_Hoxha" title="Ilir Hoxha">Ilir Hoxha</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a>, is convicted of inciting national hatred for denouncing leaders of the Democratic Party in a newspaper interview. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>Albania is admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 7</td> <td>The Supreme Court orders the immediate release of Alia, owing to the provisions of a new penal code, which took effect at the beginning of June. Also in July the case against <a href="/wiki/Vilson_Ahmeti" title="Vilson Ahmeti">Vilson Ahmeti</a> is abandoned, owing to a lack of evidence. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>A first-ever meeting between U.S. and Albanian heads of state occurs. See also: <a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Albania–United States relations">Albania–United States relations</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 1</td> <td>As a result of an agreement between Albania and 41 Western banks, the country's debt owed to those institutions drops from $500 million to $100 million. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 27</td> <td>Nano's prison sentence is reduced to 4 years. On December 30 Berisha reduces his sentence by a further 8 months. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 15</td> <td>14 prominent Communist politicians are arrested, including former defense minister <a href="/wiki/Prokop_Murra" title="Prokop Murra">Prokop Murra</a> and former president <a href="/wiki/Haxhi_Lleshi" title="Haxhi Lleshi">Haxhi Lleshi</a>. (to December 16) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8" valign="top">1996</td> <td></td> <td>Gross domestic product grows by an estimated 8%, while inflation rises by about 4–5%, mainly owing to the introduction of a value-added tax. Unemployment drops to a total of 170,000, or about 13%. The agricultural and especially the construction and private-service sectors continue to register robust two-digit growth. Remittances from Albanian émigrés in Greece, Italy, Germany, and the U.S. still account for an estimated 20% of GDP. The nation's relationship with Greece is improved when a high-ranking Greek official visits Albania, and a number of important cooperation agreements are signed. The impasse between Tirana and Belgrade continues, although ethnic Albanians from Kosovo are allowed to travel to Albania. Tirana dispatches a 33-man peacekeeping force to the German contingent of <a href="/wiki/IFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="IFOR">IFOR</a> (the NATO-led Implementation Force) in <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, the first time in the country's history that Albanian troops have been stationed abroad. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Albania receives an aid package from the U.S. worth $100 million. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 2</td> <td>Alia is rearrested and charged with <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 6</td> <td>The former chief of the <a href="/wiki/Sigurimi" title="Sigurimi">Sigurimi</a> is arrested following bomb attacks in <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a> on February 26 and in <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a> on March 6. </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 May</td> <td>The third post-Communist parliamentary elections plunge Albania into its deepest political crisis since the demise of communist rule. Hours before the polls close, all major opposition parties pull out their candidates, accusing the ruling Democratic Party of engineering widespread <a href="/wiki/Election_irregularities" class="mw-redirect" title="Election irregularities">election irregularities</a>. Riot police violently break up a protest rally. On June 2 a second round is held, again boycotted by most of the opposition. The chairman of the Central Electoral Commission puts turnout at 59% compared to 89% in the first round. Final results give the ruling Democratic Party 122 seats in the 140-seat parliament (87% of the vote). The Socialists refuse to recognize the results and do not take their nine seats. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 11</td> <td>Berisha forms a new enlarged (25-member) cabinet. Among the new ministers are <a href="/wiki/Tritan_Shehu" title="Tritan Shehu">Tritan Shehu</a> as foreign minister and deputy premier, <a href="/wiki/Ridvan_Bode" title="Ridvan Bode">Ridvan Bode</a> as finance minister, and <a href="/wiki/Halit_Shamata" title="Halit Shamata">Halit Shamata</a> as interior minister. The government includes four female members, the widest female representation in the history of the country. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 5</td> <td>The appeals court upholds prison sentences of up to 20 years on nine high-ranking officials of the communist era. They were sentenced on September 28 for putting thousands of dissidents into internal exile. Those charged included party leaders from Tirana, <a href="/wiki/Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Lushnjë">Lushnjë</a> and other towns, as well as secret police and officials of the Interior Ministry. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 6</td> <td>Shortly after midnight, in downtown Tirana an explosion takes place in the apartment of Prel Martini, chief judge of the appeals court. The bomb leaves his five-year-old daughter with a broken leg and injures Martini, his seven-year-old son and two women in neighbouring apartments. Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Aleksand%C3%ABr_Meksi" title="Aleksandër Meksi">Aleksandër Meksi</a> says the explosion is a politically motivated terrorist act. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="24" valign="top">1997</td> <td></td> <td>In the <a href="/wiki/1997_unrest_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 unrest in Albania">1997 unrest in Albania</a> the general elections of June 1997 brought the Socialists and their allies to power. President Berisha resigned from his post, and Socialists elected <a href="/wiki/Rexhep_Meidani" title="Rexhep Meidani">Rexhep Meidani</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">president of Albania</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Socialist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Socialist Party">Albanian Socialist Party</a> Chairman <a href="/wiki/Fatos_Nano" title="Fatos Nano">Fatos Nano</a> was elected Prime Minister, a post which he held until October 1998, when he resigned as a result of the tense situation created in the country after the assassination of <a href="/wiki/Azem_Hajdari" title="Azem Hajdari">Azem Hajdari</a>, a prominent leader of the Democratic Party. <a href="/wiki/Pandeli_Majko" title="Pandeli Majko">Pandeli Majko</a> was then elected Prime Minister, and he served in this post until November 1999, when he was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a>. Albania approved its constitution through a popular referendum which was held in November 1998, but which was boycotted by the opposition. The general local elections of October 2000 marked the loss of control of the Democrats over the local governments and a victory for the Socialists. </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 24</td> <td>Following the collapse of several "<a href="/wiki/Get-rich-quick" class="mw-redirect" title="Get-rich-quick">get-rich-quick</a>" <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_schemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramid schemes">pyramid schemes</a>, in which hundreds of thousands of Albanians lost their life savings, enraged investors go on the rampage in the southern town of <a href="/wiki/Lushnj%C3%AB" title="Lushnjë">Lushnjë</a>. Foreign Minister Shehu is attacked by demonstrators there on January 25. On January 26, thousands of people converge on central Tirana and clash with riot police. Government buildings are set ablaze in towns and cities across the country. In February unrest engulfs <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a>, causing several deaths. (to January 26) </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> approves dispatching a multinational military force to Albania to oversee the distribution of international humanitarian aid and maintain order. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 1</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Aleksand%C3%ABr_Meksi" title="Aleksandër Meksi">Aleksandër Meksi</a> resigns. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 2</td> <td>A national <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> is declared. Rioters take control of the town of <a href="/wiki/Sarand%C3%AB" title="Sarandë">Sarandë</a>, seizing weapons from police headquarters and army barracks. With astonishing speed the entire military establishment melts away, the security service dissolves, and the people arm themselves with every type of weapon, including Kalashnikovs and even tanks – an estimated 650,000 weapons are seized. Most of the southern half of the country falls into the hands of ragtag rebels and criminal gangs. More than 10,000 persons flee to Italy, which in turn causes a governmental crisis in Rome. Several high government officials, including Defense Minister <a href="/wiki/Safet_Zhulali" title="Safet Zhulali">Safet Zhulali</a>, flee abroad. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 3</td> <td>Despite widespread demands for his resignation, on President Berisha is reelected unopposed by Parliament (113-1 with 4 abstentions). </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 6</td> <td>Insurgents take control of <a href="/wiki/Tepelen%C3%AB" title="Tepelenë">Tepelenë</a>, and on March 8 they seize <a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Gjirokastër</a>, the last southern government stronghold. (to March 8) </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bashkim_Fino" title="Bashkim Fino">Bashkim Fino</a> of the opposition Socialist Party is appointed as prime minister. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arjan_Starova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arjan Starova (page does not exist)">Arjan Starova</a> becomes foreign minister; <a href="/wiki/Shaqir_Vukaj" title="Shaqir Vukaj">Shaqir Vukaj</a>, defense minister; <a href="/wiki/Arben_Malaj" title="Arben Malaj">Arben Malaj</a>, finance minister; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belul_Celo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belul Celo (page does not exist)">Belul Celo</a>, interior minister. Unrest spreads to northern Albania, and by March 13 engulfs all major population centres, including Tirana. Alia flees jail during the insurrection. Nano is pardoned by Berisha on March 16. Foreign countries begin to evacuate their nationals from the country, which is now in a state of anarchy. More than 360 people have been killed and 3,500 wounded in three months. The tragic events also cause the economy to suffer. Unemployment soars over the 25% mark, inflation rises, and gross domestic product, which registered 8–11% increases in the previous few years, drops by 7%. The currency is devalued from 108 to more than 150 leks to the US dollar. (to March 16) </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 28</td> <td>More than 80 people die when an Albanian refugee ship collides with an Italian ship in the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 9</td> <td>The Socialists end their boycott of parliament and take up their seats. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 12</td> <td>The pretender to the throne, Leka I, returns to Albania and calls for a referendum on restoring the monarchy. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 15</td> <td>The Italian-led international protection force begins arriving in Albania. Some 7,000 troops from eight European countries participate in "Operation Alba." </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 May</td> <td>Berisha calls new elections for June 29. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 2</td> <td>A bomb attack injures 27 people in Tirana. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 4</td> <td>A grenade is thrown at Berisha during a campaign rally outside Tirana but it is deactivated. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 29</td> <td>The Socialist Party wins parliamentary elections, with 100 seats out of 155. Their coalition allies win 17 seats, and Berisha's Democratic Party 27. Turnout in the first round is about 65%. In a referendum held at the same time, about one-third of voters support the restoration of the monarchy. The Socialists say Albania will be a parliamentary republic, with executive power concentrated in the hands of the prime minister rather than the president. (to July 6) </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 3</td> <td>Interior Minister <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belul_Celo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belul Celo (page does not exist)">Belul Celo</a> resigns. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 7</td> <td>Tritan Shehu resigns as Democratic Party chairman. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 23</td> <td><b>President Berisha resigns</b>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 24</td> <td>Parliament elects secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">Socialist Party of Albania</a> and former physics professor <a href="/wiki/Rexhep_Meidani" title="Rexhep Meidani">Rexhep Meidani</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">President of Albania</a> (110-3 with 2 abstentions). Meidani then accepts the resignation of Prime Minister Fino, and names Socialist Party leader Nano as new <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Albania">Prime minister of Albania</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 25</td> <td>A new 20-member multiparty cabinet (excluding the Democratic Party) is presented by Nano, including <a href="/wiki/Paskal_Milo" title="Paskal Milo">Paskal Milo</a> as foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/Sabit_Brokaj" title="Sabit Brokaj">Sabit Brokaj</a> as defense minister, <a href="/wiki/Neritan_Ceka" title="Neritan Ceka">Neritan Ceka</a> as interior minister, and <a href="/wiki/Arben_Malaj" title="Arben Malaj">Arben Malaj</a> retaining his post of finance minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 18</td> <td>The Democrats leave parliament when one of their deputies, Azem Hajdari, is shot and wounded by a Socialist inside the chamber. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 21</td> <td>Berisha is elected chairman of the Democratic Party. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 23</td> <td>Alia, who escaped from jail in March and left the country, returns from abroad. He, two ex-interior ministers – <a href="/wiki/Hekuran_Isai" title="Hekuran Isai">Hekuran Isai</a> (1982–89, 1990–91) and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Stefani" title="Simon Stefani">Simon Stefani</a> (1989–90) – and the ex-chief prosecutor were acquitted on October 20 of killing 58 people who attempted to flee the country illegally between 1990 and 1992. Prosecutors dropped the charges following a supreme court ruling that 32 other senior ex-Communists could not be held liable for alleged offenses which had not been a crime at the time. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" valign="top">1998</td> <td>April</td> <td>Following widespread allegations of government inefficiency and corruption in his administration, Nano reshuffles his cabinet, reducing the number of ministers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>More than 13,000 refugees flee into Albania after the eruption in February of civil war between the Serbian police and army and the ethnic Albanian separatist <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">Kosovo Liberation Army</a> (KLA) in the neighbouring province of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>. The Albanian Foreign Ministry repeatedly charges Yugoslavia with border violations that include shelling and sniping and with conducting massacres of Kosovo's civilian population. It also calls for <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> military intervention to stop the fighting. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 21</td> <td>Local by-elections confirm continuing popular support for Nano's coalition, which wins in five municipalities and six smaller communities. The opposition wins in two municipalities and three communities. (to June 28) </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>Police arrest former defense minister <a href="/wiki/Safet_Zhulali" title="Safet Zhulali">Safet Zhulali</a>, former interior minister <a href="/wiki/Halit_Shamata" title="Halit Shamata">Halit Shamata</a>, former chairman of state control <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blerim_Cela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blerim Cela (page does not exist)">Blerim Cela</a>, and three other former officials of Berisha's government on charges of crimes against humanity in conjunction with their alleged roles in the suppression of unrest in 1997. General Prosecutor Arben Rakipi charges the six with having ordered the use of chemical weapons, airplanes, and helicopters against civilians. Subsequently, Berisha calls on his supporters to bring down the government "with all means," saying that the arrests were politically motivated. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 12</td> <td>Azem Hajdari, a senior leader of the Democratic Party, is shot dead by a gunman as he steps out of the party's office in Tirana; on September 13 Democratic Party supporters storm and set fire to the prime minister's office in a protest against the killing. Government forces counterattack and reoccupy the buildings, and on September 15 Berisha surrenders two tanks posted outside his headquarters after the government threatened to use force if his followers did not give up their weapons. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 18</td> <td>Albania's parliament lifts the immunity from prosecution of opposition leader Berisha, clearing the way for prosecutors to charge him with attempting a coup. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 21</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmet_Krasniqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmet Krasniqi (page does not exist)">Ahmet Krasniqi</a>, leading member of the self-styled ethnic Albanian government in Kosovo, is shot dead in Albania. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 28</td> <td>Prime Minister Nano resigns after failing to get the backing of his coalition for a cabinet reshuffle in the wake of the outbreak of political violence two weeks ago. <a href="/wiki/Pandeli_Majko" title="Pandeli Majko">Pandeli Majko</a> is named to succeed him. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandeli_Majko" title="Pandeli Majko">Pandeli Majko</a>, 30, becomes Europe's youngest head of government after being sworn in as Albanian prime minister. Petro Koçi becomes interior minister and Anastas Angjeli finance minister. On October 8 the new government wins a parliamentary confidence vote (104–0; the opposition Democratic Party is boycotting Parliament). </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 21</td> <td>Albania's parliament votes in favour of a draft constitution and agrees to put it to a referendum. This is held on November 22, and 93.5% of the voters support the new constitution. Turnout is 50.6%. President Meidani signs the constitution into law on November 28, Albania's independence day. The new constitution, which replaces a package of laws introduced after the collapse of communism, provides for the separation of powers, rule of law, and the independence of the judiciary. It also guarantees human rights and the protection of minorities. The opposition Democratic Party, which (ignoring calls by the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe">Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a>) boycotted the referendum and the parliamentary commission which drafted the constitution, says the results were fixed and that it can not recognize the new constitution. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7" valign="top">1999</td> <td>March</td> <td>During the 78 days of <a href="/wiki/1999_NATO_bombing_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a>, about 450,000 of a total 750,000 Kosovar refugees flee into Albania. That figure is equal to almost 15% of Albania's total population. The hostilities turn Albania into a key operational theatre for international relief agencies and NATO forces in Albania, called <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">Kosovo Force</a> (KFOR), which launch a humanitarian relief operation. In addition, within the framework of the NATO air campaign, U.S. forces deploy 24 Apache antitank helicopters and long-range artillery pieces in northern Albania. The northern Albanian border regions of <a href="/wiki/Kuk%C3%ABs" title="Kukës">Kukës</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tropoj%C3%AB" title="Tropojë">Tropojë</a> bear the brunt of the refugee influx and military operations. Supplying the refugees and transporting them to other parts of the country creates immense logistic difficulties for the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a> and other relief agencies. The region also sees ongoing border clashes between Yugoslav forces, who continually shell Albanian border villages, and <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">Kosovo Liberation Army</a> (KLA) fighters operating in part from support bases inside Albania. The border area remains heavily mined after the fighting subsides. With the end of the fighting, Albania's relations improve with its neighbours – Montenegro, Macedonia, Greece, and the new UN administration in Kosovo, with whom the Albanian Foreign Ministry plans a series of joint regional development projects within the framework of the European Union-funded <a href="/wiki/Stability_Pact_for_South_Eastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe">Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe</a>. Early accomplishments include the installation of a powerful microwave-telephone connection between Albania and Kosovo and the signing of infrastructure development projects with Montenegro. (to June) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">20 May</td> <td>NATO says it will supply long-term military aid to Albania and Macedonia and draw up plans to help the two Balkan countries meet the alliance's entry requirements. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spartak_Po%C3%A7i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spartak Poçi (page does not exist)">Spartak Poçi</a> is appointed interior minister, replacing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petro_Ko%C3%A7i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petro Koçi (page does not exist)">Petro Koçi</a>. Poçi subsequently manages to break up 12 criminal gangs throughout the country, most notably those in <a href="/wiki/Tropoj%C3%AB" title="Tropojë">Tropojë</a>, where special police units restore order in September. Because of frequent armed robberies, Tropojë earlier had been a "no-go" area for international aid agencies. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe closed its office there on June 16 after gunmen killed two of its local staff. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 17</td> <td>At an extraordinary party congress in Tirana, PDS leader Sali Berisha declares that the party ends its boycott of parliament as a gesture of gratitude to the U.S. for its engagement on behalf of the Kosovars. So far the PDS has been strongly under the control of Berisha, but late in the year the reformists in the PDS openly clash with Berisha's supporters over party strategy. The reformers argue that the parliamentary boycott was leading to political isolation of the party. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 15</td> <td>Nano accuses Majko of having allowed Kosovar guerrillas to smuggle arms through Albanian territory. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 25</td> <td>Prime Minister Majko resigns after losing the leadership of the ruling Socialist Party earlier in the month to Fatos Nano. On October 27 President Meidani asks <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a> to form the next government. He is sworn in October 29. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 11</td> <td>The most significant success in administrative reform comes with the passage of a new law on the civil service, designed to stop the practice of political appointments and to increase the independence and integrity of career civil servants. Implementation of the law and the creation of a workable institutional framework occupy much of the following year. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="9" valign="top">2000</td> <td>February</td> <td>It is reported that the government has shifted its attention away from the construction of the east–west trunk road "Corridor 8," designed to link the South Balkans to the Adriatic, and is instead focusing on an internal north–south highway. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>A "quick start" package is launched within the <a href="/wiki/Stability_Pact_for_South_Eastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe">Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe</a>, the 28-nation agreement signed in 1999 to restore peace, stability, and prosperity to the region. Albania receives about €112 million (about $109 million) for the rehabilitation of roads, railroads, harbours, power and water lines, and the airport in Tirana. The Stability Pact earmarks an additional €320 million (about $311 million) for near-term infrastructure projects to be implemented subsequently. The Stability Pact also dominates Albania's foreign-policy agenda. Numerous projects designed to enhance cooperation between Albania and other southeastern European countries in the fields of human rights, democracy, and security are launched. </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 May</td> <td>Opposition leader <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a> leads 4,000 protestors in the southern port of <a href="/wiki/Vlor%C3%AB" title="Vlorë">Vlorë</a> in the first anti-government rally led by the controversial former president. </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 May</td> <td>President Meidani travels to <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, the first visit ever by an Albanian head of state to that heavily ethnic Albanian-populated province in Yugoslavia. Meidani emphasizes Albania's commitment to the creation of "a Europe of the regions" (that is, rather than a continent based on traditional nation-states) and speaks against the desirability of creating a "Greater Albania" that would include ethnic Albanians in neighbouring countries, while stressing the need for closer regional and European integration. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 14</td> <td>Berisha is barred from entering the Albanian-dominated Yugoslav province of Kosovo by the UN peacekeeping force, which deems him a threat to public order. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 7</td> <td>In a cabinet reshuffle, Ilir Gjoni replaces Luan Hajdaraga as defense minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 18</td> <td>EU foreign ministers include Albania in a list of Balkan countries offered <a href="/wiki/Duty-free" class="mw-redirect" title="Duty-free">duty-free</a> access for 95% of their exports. The list does not include neighbouring Serbia and comes as part of a package of measures designed to encourage voters there to embrace reform and oust their federal president, <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>Following the election of <a href="/wiki/Vojislav_Ko%C5%A1tunica" title="Vojislav Koštunica">Vojislav Koštunica</a> as president of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, Albanian Foreign Minister Paskal Milo makes the resumption of regular bilateral relations dependent on Serbia freeing Kosovo Albanian prisoners and recognizing its responsibility for <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo war">Kosovo war</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 1</td> <td>The ruling <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">Socialist Party of Albania</a> emerges as the clear winner of municipal elections, taking 50 municipalities and 218 communities – including the mayoralty of Tirana for the first time since 1992 – although the Democratic Party throughout the year focused attention on rallying support for its candidates, accusing the governing Alliance for the State coalition of corruption and smuggling, charges that the coalition dismissed. The Democrats win only in 11 municipalities and 80 communities after calling for a partial boycott of the vote in the runoff. Two municipalities and 17 communities go to smaller parties and independent candidates. (to October 15) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21st_century">21st century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:6%">Year</th> <th style="width:10%">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/2001_in_Albania" title="2001 in Albania">2001</a></td> <td></td> <td>Growth in gross domestic product is 7.3%, just slightly less than the 7.8% registered in 2000. Unemployment drops from 17.1% in 1999 to 13.3% in 2001, thanks to a government-supported <a href="/wiki/Job_creation_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Job creation program">job creation program</a> that includes infrastructure-development projects within the framework of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Although Albania has made strides toward democratic reform and maintaining the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">rule of law</a>, serious deficiencies in the electoral code remain to be addressed, as demonstrated in the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_parliamentary_election,_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian parliamentary election, 2001">June 2001 parliamentary elections</a>. International observers judged the 2001 elections to be acceptable, but the <a href="/wiki/Union_for_Victory_Coalition" title="Union for Victory Coalition">Union for Victory Coalition</a>, the second-largest vote recipient, disputed the results and boycotted parliament until January 31, 2002. The Socialists re-elected <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a> as Prime Minister in August 2001, a post which he held till February 2002, when he resigned due to party infighting. <a href="/wiki/Pandeli_Majko" title="Pandeli Majko">Pandeli Majko</a> was re-elected Prime Minister in February 2002. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>The large <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Albanian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Albanian">ethnic Albanian</a> minority in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a> stages an armed rebellion. Although Albania's prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a> supports international peace negotiations (which lead to a truce and a peace settlement in late August), there is evidence to suggest that Albanian border guards have at first failed to seal the border completely to arms smugglers supplying the rebels in Macedonia. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>The government is strongly criticized for its unsuccessful policy toward <a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">human trafficking</a>. The <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">International Organization for Migration</a> (IOM) joins <a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a> in highlighting the trade in eastern European women and even Albanian children, and accuses local Albanian police of colluding in the lucrative industry. IOM points out that there have been fewer prosecutions of smugglers than of victims of the trade. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 18</td> <td>The government announces that legislative elections will take place on June 24. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 24</td> <td>In the first round of the parliamentary elections (turnout 54.9%), the ruling Socialist Party, with a reform-oriented program, wins 31 seats; the opposition Union for Victory coalition, formed by the Democratic Party, receives 16 seats. In the second round on July 8, the Socialist Party wins another 44 and the Union for Victory 30. The opposition had been split since 2000, when the New Democrat Party was formed, whose leader, <a href="/wiki/Genc_Pollo" title="Genc Pollo">Genc Pollo</a>, charged Berisha with failing to offer convincing answers to the country's essential problems. Pollo's leadership appealed to many voters who were looking for a group among the opposition that could demonstrate some political competence. The new party wins six seats in the new parliament. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 30</td> <td>The opposition Democratic Party (PDS) announces that it will not accept the results of the "farcical" legislative election and that it will consequently stay away from the People's Assembly. According to final results announced on August 21 the ruling Socialist Party won a clear majority of 73 seats in the 140-seat Assembly, while the Union for Victory won only 46. Observers from the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe">Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> disagree with the PDS and describe the poll as free and fair. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 3</td> <td>The Democratic Party boycotts the opening session of the People's Assembly in defiance of the government's recent electoral victory. </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 12</td> <td>Parliament gives Prime Minister Ilir Meta's new government a vote of confidence. Within the governing coalition the Socialist Party controls all key ministries. Arta Dade becomes foreign minister (the first woman in Albanian history to hold that post), Ilir Gjoni interior minister, and Pandeli Majko defense minister; Anastas Angjeli remains finance minister. The chairman of the Social Democratic Party, Skënder Gjinushi, takes charge of labour and social affairs, while another Social Democrat, former foreign minister Paskal Milo, becomes minister of Euro-Atlantic integration. Former justice minister <a href="/wiki/Arben_Imami" title="Arben Imami">Arben Imami</a> becomes minister of local government and decentralization, pledging to focus on strengthening the role of cities and towns; Niko Kacalidha (of the Union Party, which represents many <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Greek">ethnic Greeks</a>) is appointed to the new post of state minister for minorities and the diaspora. For his part, Prime Minister Meta pledges to upgrade power supplies, proceed with privatization, fight corruption and organized crime, improve ties with Western Europe and neighbours in the Balkan region, and promote <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>Five cabinet members resign after a concerted campaign by Fatos Nano, the leader of the ruling Socialist Party, to bring about a reshuffle. Nano has accused the government of high-level <a href="/wiki/Embezzlement" title="Embezzlement">corruption</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top">2002</td> <td></td> <td>Albania is working to conclude <a href="/wiki/Free-trade_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Free-trade agreement">free-trade agreements</a> with Macedonia, Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Hercegovina, and Croatia. The economy suffers a slight setback. Unemployment creeps up during the year. A United Nations Development Project report estimates that one-third of the population lives in poverty, earning less than $1 per capita per day. Large segments of the population live from <a href="/wiki/Subsistence_agriculture" title="Subsistence agriculture">subsistence agriculture</a> and do not receive unemployment benefits. </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 29</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Prime Minister of Albania</a> <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a> resigns in anger over a continuing row with the leader of his Socialist Party, <a href="/wiki/Fatos_Nano" title="Fatos Nano">Fatos Nano</a>, who has been resisting the appointment of ministers to vacant cabinet positions. Earlier that day the opposition Democratic Party ended its four-month boycott of the People's Assembly. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 7</td> <td>Defense Minister <a href="/wiki/Pandeli_Majko" title="Pandeli Majko">Pandeli Majko</a> receives the backing of the various warring factions within the ruling Socialist Party to be the country's next prime minister. Nominated by outgoing premier Meta, Majko agrees to accommodate supporters of party leader Nano in a new cabinet. The previous deadlock led the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF) and the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> to freeze aid payments until the situation was resolved. On February 16 President Meidani accepts Majko's proposed cabinet, including <a href="/wiki/Kastriot_Islami" title="Kastriot Islami">Kastriot Islami</a> as finance minister, <a href="/wiki/Luan_Rama" class="mw-redirect" title="Luan Rama">Luan Rama</a> as defense minister, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_%C3%87ipa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Çipa (page does not exist)">Stefan Çipa</a> as interior minister; <a href="/wiki/Arta_Dade" title="Arta Dade">Arta Dade</a> is to remain as foreign minister. The cabinet is approved by Parliament on February 22. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 24</td> <td>Parliament elects <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Moisiu" title="Alfred Moisiu">Alfred Moisiu</a> as president (97–19). He is sworn in July 24. On July 25 Prime Minister Majko resigns. On July 31 Parliament approves (81–48) a new government with Socialist Party Chairman Fatos Nano as prime minister, Majko as defense minister, Ilir Meta as foreign minister, and Luan Rama as interior minister; Kastriot Islami remains finance minister. Nano's appointment marks the end of a power struggle between the party leader and his two younger challengers Meta and Majko, both of whom had served as prime minister since Nano resigned the post during a period of civil unrest in 1998. Media analysis suggests that Nano elbowed Meta and Majko aside in a grab for power after realizing that he was too controversial a figure to aspire to the presidency. The European Parliament had urged Albanian legislators to elect a president who would be acceptable to both the governing coalition and the opposition. Moreover, Meta and the outgoing president, Meidani, both openly opposed Nano's candidacy for the presidency. The election of Moisiu essentially sealed the Socialist legislators' compromise with the opposition led by the Democratic Party. Nano and Berisha say that the deal signals that the two rival party leaders have put years of fighting behind them. Moisiu, a 73-year-old retired general, served as president of the Albanian North Atlantic Treaty Association and is considered friendly by the opposition. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 29</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe">Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe</a>'s chief of mission, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geert-Hinrich_Ahrens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geert-Hinrich Ahrens (page does not exist)">Geert-Hinrich Ahrens</a>, praises Albania in his end-of-mission address to the OSCE Permanent Council, reporting that the country is "in the forefront of reform in the region" and adding that recent achievements have "brought Albania to the threshold of opening negotiations for a Stabilization and <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">Association Agreement</a> with the European Union." Finnish diplomat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmo_Lipponen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmo Lipponen (page does not exist)">Osmo Lipponen</a> succeeds Ahrens on September 1. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7" valign="top">2003</td> <td>February 12</td> <td>Albania opens negotiations with the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> on a Stabilization and Association Agreement, the first step towards membership of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. (to February 13) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 May</td> <td>U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> signs a partnership agreement with Albania, Macedonia, and Croatia intended to help them achieve <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> membership. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 18</td> <td>Angered by Nano's comments during a cabinet meeting, Foreign Minister Meta resigns in protest at Nano's "nihilistic, tendentious, and denigrating" criticism. On July 22 Marko Bello is nominated to be foreign minister, but he is rejected by parliament on July 28. On July 29 Luan Hajdaraga is named acting foreign minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 12</td> <td>The Socialist Party wins a narrow victory over the Democratic Party in local elections. Turnout is around 50%. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 17</td> <td>Interior Minister Luan Rama is sacked. He has been accused of punching the editor-in-chief of Vizion Plus television, Ilir Babaramo, in a Tirana restaurant on October 14 because of criticism broadcast by the TV station two months ago. On October 23 Prime Minister Nano's nominees for foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/Namik_Dokle" title="Namik Dokle">Namik Dokle</a>, and for interior minister, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatmir_Xhafa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatmir Xhafa (page does not exist)">Fatmir Xhafa</a>, are rejected by parliament. On October 25 Nano picks <a href="/w/index.php?title=Igli_Toska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igli Toska (page does not exist)">Igli Toska</a> to be acting interior minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 19</td> <td>In Tiran, more than 2,000 people hold a "people's marathon" to celebrate the beatification of <a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a>, who was born to Albanian parents in what is now <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 29</td> <td>Parliament finally approves new ministers for the vacant posts. <a href="/wiki/Kastriot_Islami" title="Kastriot Islami">Kastriot Islami</a> becomes foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/Arben_Malaj" title="Arben Malaj">Arben Malaj</a> succeeds him as finance minister, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Igli_Toska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Igli Toska (page does not exist)">Igli Toska</a> becomes interior minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">2004</td> <td>January</td> <td>A national day of mourning is called after 20 people dies in a shipwreckage during an illegal attempt to cross the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> and reach <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 7</td> <td>Some 2,000 protesters gather at <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_Nano" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister Nano">Prime Minister Nano</a>'s office. Stones are thrown and an attempt to storm the building is repelled by guards. Earlier in the day over 4,000 demonstrators rallied in Tirana's central square and, led by Democratic Party leader Berisha, called for Nano to quit. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">2005</td> <td>July 3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_parliamentary_election,_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian parliamentary election, 2005">Parliamentary elections</a> end with a victory for the opposition <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Albania" title="Democratic Party of Albania">Democratic Party</a> (PD) and its allies, prominently the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Albania" title="Republican Party of Albania">Republican Party</a> (PR). Former president <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a> became prime minister as a result of the election.<sup id="cite_ref-charge_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charge-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>After two months of political wrangling, former president Sali Berisha emerges as the victor in July's general election </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">2006</td> <td>April</td> <td>Speedboats are banned in coastal waters, in order to fight people and drug smuggling </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>A <a href="/wiki/Stabilisation_and_Association_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Stabilisation and Association Agreement">Stabilisation and Association Agreement</a> is signed between <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top">2007</td> <td></td> <td>Despite the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Albania" title="Politics of Albania">political situation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">economy of Albania</a> grew at an <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(real)_growth_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by GDP (real) growth rate">estimated</a> 5% in 2007. The <a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Albanian lek</a> has strengthened from 143 lekë to the US dollar in 2000 to 92 lekë in 2007, mainly due to the depreciation of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar#Historical_exchange_rates" title="United States dollar">US dollar</a>, but also thanks to the overall improvement of the Albanian economy. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 10</td> <td>US President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> visited Albania, the first sitting US president to do so. While Mr Bush was glad-handing cheering crowds, it appears as if his wristwatch is stolen. TV footage of the President being mobbed, taken by the Albanian TV station News24, was broadcast on Italian TV news bulletins and watched by thousands on YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-Mystery_of_President_Bush's_watch_in_Albania_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mystery_of_President_Bush's_watch_in_Albania-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later reported that Bush had given the watch to a guard. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bamir_Topi" title="Bamir Topi">Bamir Topi</a>, ruling party chairmanpresident, is elected by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Parliament</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">President of Albania</a>, after three failed round highlighted the risk of snap elections. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">2008</td> <td>March 15</td> <td>An explosion in a badly-maintained arms depot causes 16 deaths and over 300 injured, damaging <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tirana_airport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tirana airport (page does not exist)">Tirana airport</a>. Defense minister <a href="/wiki/Fatmir_Mediu" title="Fatmir Mediu">Fatmir Mediu</a> resigns. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 12</td> <td>Opposition Socialist Party leaves the Parliament, accusing the ruling Democratic Party of postponing voting on five new members of the Supreme Court awaiting appointment by President <a href="/wiki/Bamir_Topi" title="Bamir Topi">Bamir Topi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top">2009</td> <td>April</td> <td>Albania joins <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> and submit application for membership in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Sali Berisha</a>'s centre-right Democratic Party wins <a href="/wiki/Albanian_parliamentary_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian parliamentary election, 2009">2009 parliamentary elections</a> by a narrow margin. Prior to the election, the electoral law was changed to a regional proportionally system.Berisha's alliance won enough seats to form a government, though it fell one seat short of a majority during the elections of Jun 28, 2009, having to join forces with a splinter socialist party, the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Movement_for_Integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Movement for Integration">Socialist Movement for Integration</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a>, whom Berisha appointed to the post of Deputy Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs, and later Minister of Economy, Trade and Energy. It is the first time since the start of multi-party democracy in 1991 that a ruling party has been forced into a coalition through not winning enough seats on its own.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>Protests begin in Tirana, led by opposition Socialist Party leader <a href="/wiki/Edi_Rama" title="Edi Rama">Edi Rama</a>, against allegedly rigged vote counting in the 2009 elections. <a href="/wiki/Sali_Berisha" title="Sali Berisha">Berisha</a> has refused any recount of the votes, on the ground that the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Constitution">Albanian Constitution</a> do not foresee such procedure. The political crisis between government and opposition has worsened over time, with the Socialists abandoning parliamentary debates for months and staging <a href="/wiki/Hungerstrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungerstrike">hungerstrikes</a> to ask for internal and international support. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">2010</td> <td>May</td> <td>The Socialist Party starts a civil disobedience campaign against the government, asking for a new count of votes, and including <a href="/wiki/Hunger_strike" title="Hunger strike">hunger strike</a> of opposition leaders<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>Economy minister <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dritan_Prifti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dritan Prifti (page does not exist)">Dritan Prifti</a> resigns after being involved in a corruption scandal. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 28</td> <td>The opposition Socialist Party again walks out of the Parliament<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> rejects Albania's request for EU candidate status, but visa are liberalized. The ongoing political crisis was one of the reason of the refusal of granting Albania official <a href="/wiki/EU_candidate_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="EU candidate countries">candidacy status</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top">2011</td> <td>January 7</td> <td>The Central Election Commission begins burning the ballots of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_parliamentary_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian parliamentary election, 2009">2009 parliamentary elections</a>, in a routine process leading to the 8 May local elections, making a second count (repeatedly requested by opposition) impossible. The Socialist Party has accused the CEC and the Berisha government to attempt hiding vote manipulation.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 14</td> <td>Economy and Trade Minister <a href="/wiki/Ilir_Meta" title="Ilir Meta">Ilir Meta</a> resigns after being involved in a corruption scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 21</td> <td><a href="/wiki/2011_Albanian_opposition_demonstrations" title="2011 Albanian opposition demonstrations">Clashes break out</a> between police and protesters in an anti-government rally in front of the Government building in Tirana. Three people are shot dead.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EU issues a statement to Albanian politicians, warning both sides to refrain from violence.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_local_elections,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian local elections, 2011">Local elections</a> see the victory of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">Socialist Party of Albania</a> (PS) in the main cities outside Tirana, <a href="/wiki/Lezha" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezha">Lezha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Scutari</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> released a mixed evaluation of the electoral process, which was considered "competitive and transparent, but took place in an environment of high polarization and mistrust".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Tirana, the match was between <a href="/wiki/Edi_Rama" title="Edi Rama">Edi Rama</a>, incumbent mayor and PS leader, and <a href="/wiki/Lulzim_Basha" title="Lulzim Basha">Lulzim Basha</a>, DP minister of the interior. After a long process of votes counting, Rama was first declared winner for a tight margin of 10 votes. Then, the DP-led Central Electoral Commission decided to add to the count some of the votes misplaced in the wrong boxes, a move on doubtful legal grounds that was contested by the opposition<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as by the OSCE. Basha was finally declared winner for 83 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> president <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso" title="José Manuel Barroso">José Manuel Barroso</a> consequently cancelled his visit to <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Nobel-prize <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Kadar%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismail Kadaré">Ismail Kadaré</a> pledged him to withdraw his candidacy to avoid the "collapse" and "isolation" of Albania.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2012_in_Albania" title="2012 in Albania">2012</a></td> <td>September 21</td> <td>September 2012 <a href="/wiki/Hunger_strike_of_former_politically_persecuted_in_Albania_(2012)" title="Hunger strike of former politically persecuted in Albania (2012)">Hunger strike of former politically persecuted in Albania (2012)</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Tirana" title="Timeline of Tirana">Timeline of Tirana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Albania" title="List of years in Albania">List of years in Albania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Madrugearu A, Gordon M. The wars of the Balkan peninsula. Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. p.146</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Smith, LLD, Ed., <i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography</i>, 1854. Ptolemy is the earliest writer in whose works the name of the Albanians has been distinctly recognized. He mentions (3.13.23) a tribe called ALBANI (Ἀλβανοί) and a town ALBANOPOLIS (Ἀλβανόπολις), in the region lying to the E. of the Ionian sea; and from the names of places with which Albanopolis is connected, it appears clearly to have been in the S. part of the Illyrian territory, and in modern <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>. There is no means of forming a conjecture on how the name of this obscure tribe came to be extended to so considerable a nation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Procopius/Buildings/4B*.html">The Loeb Editor's Notes</a>, 28 Nova Epirus or Illyris Graeca</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A new classical dictionary of Greek and Roman biography, mythology, and geography: partly based upon the Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology by Sir William Smith,1851, page 392</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05209a.htm">Catholic Encyclopedia - Durazzo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Handbook of Ancient Geography and History by Ptz Wilhelm, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-113-19974-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-113-19974-1">1-113-19974-1</a>, The (734) southern portion, or Illyria Graeca, belonged to the province of Macedonia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Atlas of Classical History by R. Talbert, 1989, page 175: "... divided the diocese of Moesia into two, styled Thracia and Macedonia, the latter consisting of the provinces from Epirus Nova and Macedonia southward. But there is evidence that Constantine considered ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopedia of ancient Greece by Nigel Guy Wilson, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-97334-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-97334-1">0-415-97334-1</a>, page 246</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hendry, p. 299. <i>The geography is entirely correct for Servius' time, since Diocletian's rearrangement of provincial boundaries included the creation of the province of Epirus Nova out of southern Illyricum with Dyrrachium (=Epidamnus) as its capital.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-19807-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-19807-5">0-631-19807-5</a>, Page 210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elsie2003-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Elsie2003_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Elsie2003" class="citation book cs1">Robert Elsie (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_sHmTRCEe7kC&pg=PA3"><i>Early Albania: a reader of historical texts, 11th-17th centuries</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04783-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04783-8"><bdi>978-3-447-04783-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Albania%3A+a+reader+of+historical+texts%2C+11th-17th+centuries&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-3-447-04783-8&rft.au=Robert+Elsie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_sHmTRCEe7kC%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The wars of the Balkan Peninsula: their medieval origins G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series Authors Alexandru Madgearu, Martin Gordon Editor Martin Gordon Translated by Alexandru Madgearu Edition illustrated Publisher Scarecrow Press, 2008 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-5846-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-5846-0">0-8108-5846-0</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5846-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5846-6">978-0-8108-5846-6</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EOIhpIu8KAQC&dq=%22origin+of+the+albanians%22&pg=PA25"><i>It was supposed that those Albanoi from 1042 were Normans from Sicily, called by an archaic name (the Albanoi were an independent tribe from Southern Italy)</i></a>, p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The wars of the Balkan Peninsula: their medieval origins G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series Authors Alexandru Madgearu, Martin Gordon Editor Martin Gordon Translated by Alexandru Madgearu Edition illustrated Publisher Scarecrow Press, 2008 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-5846-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-5846-0">0-8108-5846-0</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5846-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5846-6">978-0-8108-5846-6</a> <i>It was supposed that those Albanoi from 1042 were Normans from Sicily, called by an archaic name (the Albanoi were an independent tribe from Southern Italy). The following instance is indisputable. It comes from the same Attaliates, who wrote that the Albanians (Arbanitai) were involved in the 1078 rebellion of...</i> p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Comnena, Anna. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Alexiad" title="Alexiad">Alexiad</a></i>, Book IV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:06-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:06_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:06_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:06_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:06_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:06_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZickelIwaskiw1994" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Zickel, Raymond E.; Iwaskiw, Walter R., eds. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/93042885/"><i>Albania: a country study</i></a> (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. pp. xv–xxvi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8444-0792-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8444-0792-5"><bdi>0-8444-0792-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29360048">29360048</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=xv-xxvi&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29360048&rft.isbn=0-8444-0792-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F93042885%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-charge-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-charge_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Albania's new PM takes charge". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. September 2, 2005. p. 22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Albania%27s+new+PM+takes+charge&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2005-09-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mystery_of_President_Bush's_watch_in_Albania-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mystery_of_President_Bush's_watch_in_Albania_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwen2007" class="citation news cs1">Owen, Richard (June 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903154331/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article1921296.ece">"Mystery of President Bush's watch in Albania"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article1921296.ece">the original</a> on September 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Mystery+of+President+Bush%27s+watch+in+Albania&rft.date=2007-06-12&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Farticle1921296.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/newsbriefs/setimes/newsbriefs/2008/06/13/nb-10">Albania's main opposition leaves parliament over Supreme Court row</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616090430/http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/newsbriefs/setimes/newsbriefs/2008/06/13/nb-10">Archived</a> June 16, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, SETimes.com, 13.06.2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8171633.stm">"Albania PM re-election confirmed"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. July 27, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728144343/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8171633.stm">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Albania+PM+re-election+confirmed&rft.date=2009-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8171633.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5537430,00.html">Deutsche Welle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110127205126/http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5537430,00.html">Archived</a> January 27, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, May 5, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/newsbriefs/setimes/newsbriefs/2010/10/29/nb-01">Albanian opposition leaves parliament again</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616090553/http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/newsbriefs/setimes/newsbriefs/2010/10/29/nb-01">Archived</a> June 16, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, SETimes.com, 29/10/2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/887/31237">EU Observer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110618074722/http://euobserver.com/887/31237">Archived</a> June 18, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, November 10, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/newsbriefs/2011/01/10/nb-04">SETimes.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616090621/http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/newsbriefs/2011/01/10/nb-04">Archived</a> June 16, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, January 10, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/newsbriefs/2011/01/16/nb-01">SETimes.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120307174648/http://setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/newsbriefs/2011/01/16/nb-01">Archived</a> March 7, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, January 16, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/breakingnews/2011/01/21/nb-00">SETimes.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111120090003/http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/breakingnews/2011/01/21/nb-00">Archived</a> November 20, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, January 21, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/887/31686">EU Observer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110213021047/http://euobserver.com/887/31686">Archived</a> February 13, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, January 24, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/ballot-counting-drags-on-in-key-albania-races">Balkan Insight</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110911122718/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/ballot-counting-drags-on-in-key-albania-races">Archived</a> September 11, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, May 11, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/osce-releases-mixed-scorecard-on-albania-poll">OSCE Releases Mixed Scorecard on Albania Poll</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903230927/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/osce-releases-mixed-scorecard-on-albania-poll">Archived</a> September 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – Balkan Insight, May 10, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-calls-for-popular-revolt">Balkan Insight</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110904054905/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-calls-for-popular-revolt">Archived</a> September 4, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-supporters-clash-with-police-over-election-results">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903230651/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-supporters-clash-with-police-over-election-results">Archived</a> September 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-launches-civil-disobedience-acts">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903231006/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/albania-opposition-launches-civil-disobedience-acts">Archived</a> September 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/ruling-party-candidate-winner-in-albania-key-race">Balkan Insight</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903132836/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/ruling-party-candidate-winner-in-albania-key-race">Archived</a> September 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, May 23, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/europe/balkans/albania/the-dangers-of-albanias-disputed-election.aspx">International Crisis Group</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110524004321/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/europe/balkans/albania/the-dangers-of-albanias-disputed-election.aspx">Archived</a> May 24, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Dangers of Albania's Disputed Election</i>, May 20, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albanianews.it/notizie/flashnews/item/1888-barroso-annulla-visita">Albania News</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324120127/http://www.albanianews.it/notizie/flashnews/item/1888-barroso-annulla-visita">Archived</a> March 24, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, May 20, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=938&ref=lajme">Top Channel TV</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120312012838/http://www.top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=938&ref=lajme">Archived</a> March 12, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, May 21, 2011</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Attribution:</b> </p> <ul><li><i>Data as of 1993.</i> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/collections/country-studies/about-this-collection/"><i>Country Studies</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Country+Studies&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fcollections%2Fcountry-studies%2Fabout-this-collection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOverall1870" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Overall" title="William Henry Overall">William Henry Overall</a>, ed. (1870). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=22">"Albania, Turkey"</a>. <i>Dictionary of Chronology</i>. London: William Tegg. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc2.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=22">2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania%2C+Turkey&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Chronology&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Tegg&rft.date=1870&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc2.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft9m32q949%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fuc2.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft9m32q949%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownsend1877" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_Townsend" title="George Henry Townsend">George Henry Townsend</a> (1877), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89097349427?urlappend=%3Bseq=41">"Albania, European Turkey"</a>, <i>Manual of Dates</i> (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fwu.89097349427?urlappend=%3Bseq=41">2027/wu.89097349427</a> – via HathiTrust</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania%2C+European+Turkey&rft.btitle=Manual+of+Dates&rft.place=London&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Frederick+Warne+%26+Co.&rft.date=1877&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fwu.89097349427%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D41&rft.au=George+Henry+Townsend&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fwu.89097349427%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Vincent1910" class="citation cs2">Benjamin Vincent (1910), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776?urlappend=%3Bseq=49">"Albania, a province in European Turkey"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haydn%27s_Dictionary_of_Dates" class="mw-redirect" title="Haydn's Dictionary of Dates"><i>Haydn's Dictionary of Dates</i></a> (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Floc.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft89g6g776?urlappend=%3Bseq=49">2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania%2C+a+province+in+European+Turkey&rft.btitle=Haydn%27s+Dictionary+of+Dates&rft.place=London&rft.edition=25th&rft.pub=Ward%2C+Lock+%26+Co.&rft.date=1910&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Floc.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft89g6g776%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D49&rft.au=Benjamin+Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Floc.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft89g6g776%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Afrim Krasniqi: The End of Albania's Siberia. Tirana 1998.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer1999" class="citation book cs1">Fischer, Bernd Jürgen (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P-MiG9ngCp8C"><i>Albania at War, 1939–1945</i></a>. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-531-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-531-2"><bdi>978-1-85065-531-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania+at+War%2C+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-85065-531-2&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Bernd+J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP-MiG9ngCp8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hVNvCz0c_gsC&pg=PA1">"Albania"</a>. <i>Political Chronology of Europe</i>. Europa Publications. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-35687-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-35687-3"><bdi>978-1-135-35687-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania&rft.btitle=Political+Chronology+of+Europe&rft.pub=Europa+Publications&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-135-35687-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhVNvCz0c_gsC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarold_B._Segel2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._Segel" title="Harold B. Segel">Harold B. Segel</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L0o17jH4reYC&pg=PR11">"Chronology of Major Political Events, 1944-2002: Albania"</a>. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/columbiaguidetol00sege"><i>Columbia Guide to the Literatures of Eastern Europe Since 1945</i></a></span>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-11404-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-11404-2"><bdi>978-0-231-11404-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronology+of+Major+Political+Events%2C+1944-2002%3A+Albania&rft.btitle=Columbia+Guide+to+the+Literatures+of+Eastern+Europe+Since+1945&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-231-11404-2&rft.au=Harold+B.+Segel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL0o17jH4reYC%26pg%3DPR11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Afrim Krasniqi: Civil Society in Albania. Tirana 2004.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/99927-946-6-6" title="Special:BookSources/99927-946-6-6">99927-946-6-6</a></li> <li>Afrim Krasniqi: Political Parties in Albania 1920–2006.Tirana 2006.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/99943-861-1-5" title="Special:BookSources/99943-861-1-5">99943-861-1-5</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Turnock2006" class="citation book cs1">David Turnock (2006). "Chronology: Albania". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VbiEAgAAQBAJ"><i>The Economy of East Central Europe, 1815-1989: Stages of Transformation in a Peripheral Region</i></a>. Routledge. p. 422+. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-67876-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-67876-1"><bdi>978-1-134-67876-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronology%3A+Albania&rft.btitle=The+Economy+of+East+Central+Europe%2C+1815-1989%3A+Stages+of+Transformation+in+a+Peripheral+Region&rft.pages=422%2B&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-134-67876-1&rft.au=David+Turnock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVbiEAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Elsie2010" class="citation book cs1">Robert Elsie (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=haFlGXIg8uoC&pg=PR27">"Chronology"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Albania</i> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Scarecrow_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarecrow Press">Scarecrow Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7380-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7380-3"><bdi>978-0-8108-7380-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronology&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Albania&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7380-3&rft.au=Robert+Elsie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhaFlGXIg8uoC%26pg%3DPR27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17681099">"Albania Profile: Timeline"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. April 11, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Albania+Profile%3A+Timeline&rft.date=2012-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-17681099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Albanian+history" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albania_topics" title="Template:Albania topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albania_topics" title="Template talk:Albania topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albania_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albania topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Albania_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Albania" title="History of Albania">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardiaei" title="Ardiaei">Ardiaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanoi" title="Albanoi">Albanoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantes_(tribe)" title="Amantes (tribe)">Amantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantini" title="Amantini">Amantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaites" title="Balaites">Balaites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bylliones" title="Bylliones">Bylliones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dassaretii" title="Dassaretii">Dassaretii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchele" title="Enchele">Enchele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labeatae" title="Labeatae">Labeatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthini" title="Parthini">Parthini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taulantii" title="Taulantii">Taulantii</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_principalities" title="Albanian principalities">Middle Ages</a><br />(1190–1385)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Arbanon" title="Principality of Arbanon">Principality of Arbanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Albania_(medieval)" title="Kingdom of Albania (medieval)">Kingdom of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Arta" title="Despotate of Arta">Despotate of Arta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kastrioti" title="House of Kastrioti">House of Kastrioti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albania_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman period</a><br />(1385–1912)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skanderbeg%27s_rebellion" title="Skanderbeg's rebellion">Skanderbeg's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanun_(Albania)" title="Kanun (Albania)">Kanun of Lekë Dukagjini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABni_Council" title="Arbëni Council">Arbëni Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamization_of_Albania" title="Islamization of Albania">Islamization of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Pashaliks" title="Albanian Pashaliks">Albanian Pashaliks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Albanian_Beys" title="Massacre of the Albanian Beys">Massacre of the Albanian Beys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolts_of_1833%E2%80%931839" title="Albanian revolts of 1833–1839">Revolts of 1833–1839</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Dervish_Cara" title="Uprising of Dervish Cara">Uprising of Dervish Cara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_National_Awakening" title="Albanian National Awakening">Albanian National Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Prizren" title="League of Prizren">League of Prizren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Manastir" title="Congress of Manastir">Congress of Manastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">Revolt of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malissori_uprising" title="Malissori uprising">Malissori uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taksim_meeting" title="Taksim meeting">Taksim meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Revolt of 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimza_Government" title="Kimza Government">Kimza Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">Independence</a><br />(1912–present)<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Albanian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himni_i_Flamurit" title="Himni i Flamurit">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Albania" title="Provisional Government of Albania">Provisional Government of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_during_the_Balkan_Wars" title="Albania during the Balkan Wars">Albania during the Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Central_Albania" title="Republic of Central Albania">Republic of Central Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Albania" title="Principality of Albania">Principality of Albania (1914–25)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_Albania" title="World War I in Albania">World War I in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Autonomous Province of Korçë">Autonomous Province of Korçë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_over_Albania" title="Italian protectorate over Albania">Italian protectorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mirdita" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Mirdita">Republic of Mirdita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931928)" title="Albanian Republic (1925–1928)">Albanian Republic (1925–1928)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1928%E2%80%931939)" title="Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)">Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">Union with Italian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Albania" title="German occupation of Albania">German Nazi occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Albania" title="The Holocaust in Albania">The Holocaust in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Albania" title="World War II in Albania">Albanian resistance during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Communist Albania (1946–91)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Orthography_Congress" title="Albanian Orthography Congress">Orthography Congress (1972)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Post-Communist_Albania" title="History of Post-Communist Albania">Post-Communist Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Albanian_civil_unrest" title="1997 Albanian civil unrest">1997 Civil Unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Albania–NATO relations">NATO membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">EU Accession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Albanians" title="Origin of the Albanians">Origins</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Albania" title="List of archives in Albania">Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Albania" title="Geography of Albania">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Landscape</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Albania" title="List of mountains in Albania">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Albania" title="List of rivers of Albania">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Albania" title="List of lakes of Albania">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Albania" title="List of islands of Albania">Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Albania" title="Environment of Albania">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Albania" title="Climate of Albania">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Albania" title="Biodiversity of Albania">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Albania" title="Category:Fauna of Albania">Habitat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Albania" title="Protected areas of Albania">Protected areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Albania" title="Politics of Albania">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Albania)" title="Council of Ministers (Albania)">Government</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Category:Government_agencies_of_Albania" title="Category:Government agencies of Albania">agencies</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">Head of state</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Albania" title="List of heads of state of Albania">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Albania" title="Foreign relations of Albania">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Albania" title="List of political parties in Albania">Political parties</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Albania" title="Category:Treaties of Albania">Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Albania" title="Visa policy of Albania">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Albania" title="Judiciary of Albania">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vetting_Institutions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Vetting Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Appellate_College_(Albania)" title="Special Appellate College (Albania)">KPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institution_of_Public_Commissioners_(Albania)" title="Institution of Public Commissioners (Albania)">IKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Operation_(Albania)" title="International Monitoring Operation (Albania)">ONM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Qualification_Commission_(Albania)" title="Independent Qualification Commission (Albania)">KPK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Albania" title="Constitution of Albania">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Albania" title="Corruption in Albania">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EURALIUS" title="EURALIUS">EURALIUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPAK" class="mw-redirect" title="SPAK">SPAK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_(Albania)" title="Prosecutor General (Albania)">Prosecutor General</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Albania" title="Administrative divisions of Albania">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Albania" title="NUTS statistical regions of Albania">NUTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Albania" title="Counties of Albania">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Albania" title="Municipalities of Albania">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Albania" title="List of cities and towns in Albania">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_Albania" title="Communes of Albania">Communes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Albania" title="Villages of Albania">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maps of Albania">Maps</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Legislature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Albania" title="Elections in Albania">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Assembly</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Albania">speakers</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_members_of_the_Parliament_of_Albania" title="Category:Lists of members of the Parliament of Albania">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Albania)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Albania)">Opposition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Albania" title="Human rights in Albania">Human rights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Albania" title="Abortion in Albania">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Albania" title="Capital punishment in Albania">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assassinations_in_Albania" title="List of assassinations in Albania">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Albania">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avokati_i_Popullit" title="Avokati i Popullit">Ombudsman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Police_(Albania)" title="State Police (Albania)">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_mafia" title="Albanian mafia">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Albania" title="Prisons in Albania">Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_crossings_of_Albania" title="Border crossings of Albania">Border crossings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Albania" title="Banking in Albania">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Lek <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Albania" title="Taxation in Albania">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Albania" title="Trade unions in Albania">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Supreme_Audit_(Albania)" title="State Supreme Audit (Albania)">State Supreme Audit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Albania" title="List of shopping malls in Albania">Shopping centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Albania" title="List of supermarket chains in Albania">Supermarkets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Albania" title="Agriculture in Albania">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Albania" title="Healthcare in Albania">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Albania" title="List of companies of Albania">Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Albania" title="Renewable energy in Albania">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operators" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Power_Corporation" title="Albanian Power Corporation">KESH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_System_Operator_(Albania)" title="Transmission System Operator (Albania)">OST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operatori_i_Shp%C3%ABrndarjes_s%C3%AB_Energjis%C3%AB_Elektrike" title="Operatori i Shpërndarjes së Energjisë Elektrike">OSHEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Regulatory_Authority_(Albania)" title="Energy Regulatory Authority (Albania)">ERE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Albania" title="List of power stations in Albania">Hydropower plants</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Natural resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_and_gas_fields_in_Albania" title="List of oil and gas fields in Albania">Oil and gas</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Albania" title="Category:Mining in Albania">Mining</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Albania" title="Highways in Albania">Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Albania" title="List of airports in Albania">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Albania" title="List of ports in Albania">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Albania" title="Rail transport in Albania">Railways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Albania" title="List of bridges in Albania">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tunnels_in_Albania" title="List of tunnels in Albania">Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Albania" title="List of tallest buildings in Albania">Highrises</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Albania" title="List of tallest structures in Albania">structures</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Albania" title="Telecommunications in Albania">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posta_Shqiptare" title="Posta Shqiptare">Posta Shqiptare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Albania" title="Squatting in Albania">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Albania" title="Tourism in Albania">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Monuments" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_in_Albania" title="List of archaeological sites in Albania">Archaeological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Albania" title="List of castles in Albania">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Albania" title="List of mosques in Albania">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tekkes_in_Albania" title="List of tekkes in Albania">Tekkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_in_Albania" title="List of churches in Albania">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Albania" title="List of lighthouses in Albania">Lighthouses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Adriatic_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast">Adriatic Sea Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Ionian_Sea_Coast" title="Albanian Ionian Sea Coast">Ionian Sea Coast</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Albanian_Riviera" title="Albanian Riviera">riviera</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Albania" title="List of beaches in Albania">Beaches</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:High-contrast-camera-photo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/17px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/26px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/High-contrast-camera-photo.svg/34px-High-contrast-camera-photo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Photographs_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Photographs of Albania">Images of Albania</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Albania" title="Category:Society of Albania">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Albania" title="Demographics of Albania">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_in_Albania" title="Census in Albania">Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_tribes" title="Albanian tribes">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nobility" title="Albanian nobility">Noble families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_diaspora" title="Albanian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Albania" title="Women in Albania">Women</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_art" title="Albanian art">Art</a> <small><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_galleries_in_Albania" title="List of art galleries in Albania">(galleries)</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Albania" title="Architecture of Albania">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Albania" title="Photography in Albania">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Albania" title="List of museums in Albania">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Albania" title="List of theatres in Albania">Theatres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Albania" title="Education in Albania">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_alphabet" title="Albanian alphabet">Alphabet</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_scripts" title="Category:Albanian scripts">scripts</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abetare" title="Abetare">Abetare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_literature" title="Albanian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Research_institutes_in_Albania" title="Category:Research institutes in Albania">Research institutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Albania" title="List of libraries in Albania">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Albania" title="List of universities in Albania">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_publishing_companies_of_Albania" title="List of publishing companies of Albania">Publishers</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albanian_proverbs" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Albanian proverbs">Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanology" title="Albanology">Albanology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Tradition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Folk beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oda_(Albania)" title="Oda (Albania)">Oda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_Albania" title="Secularism in Albania">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevruz_in_Albania" title="Nevruz in Albania">Nevruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_sworn_virgins" title="Balkan sworn virgins">Sworn virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing" title="Traditional Albanian clothing">Costumes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qeleshe" title="Qeleshe">Qeleshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella">Fustanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhubleta" title="Xhubleta">Xhubleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brez_(clothing)" title="Brez (clothing)">Brez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinga" title="Opinga">Opinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhamadan" title="Xhamadan">Xhamadan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiktionary page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gjell%C3%AB" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:gjellë">Gjellë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tav%C3%AB_kosi" title="Tavë kosi">Tavë kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuni" title="Kabuni">Kabuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakia" title="Rakia">Raki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Beer in Albania">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_wine" title="Albanian wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognac_Sk%C3%ABnderbeu" title="Cognac Skënderbeu">Cognac Skënderbeu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Football</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania_national_football_team" title="Albania national football team">National team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_football_clubs_in_Albania" title="List of football clubs in Albania">Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Albania_international_footballers" title="List of Albania international footballers">Players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stadiums_in_Albania" title="List of stadiums in Albania">Stadiums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Weightlifting_Federation" title="Albanian Weightlifting Federation">Weightlifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Athletics_Federation" title="Albanian Athletics Federation">Athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Cycling_Federation" title="Albanian Cycling Federation">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Basketball_Federation" title="Albanian Basketball Federation">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Volleyball_Federation" title="Albanian Volleyball Federation">Volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Swimming_Federation" title="Albanian Swimming Federation">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_at_the_Olympics" title="Albania at the Olympics">Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_indoor_arenas_in_Albania" title="List of indoor arenas in Albania">Indoor arenas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Albania" title="Music of Albania">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Albania" title="Television in Albania">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Albania" title="List of radio stations in Albania">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Albania" title="Cinema of Albania">Cinema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Symbols_of_Albania" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Symbols of Albania">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_heraldry" title="Albanian heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Flag</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian_flags" title="List of Albanian flags">list</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania" title="Coat of arms of Albania">Coat of arms</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Albania" title="Armorial of Albania">armorial</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaph_of_Gllavenica" title="Epitaph of Gllavenica">Epitaph of Gllavenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Sign_Language" title="Albanian Sign Language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations_and_medals_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders, decorations and medals of Albania">Orders, decorations and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_passport" title="Albanian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.al" title=".al">.al</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Albania" title="Public holidays in Albania">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Albania" title="Smoking in Albania">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_law_of_Albania" title="Copyright law of Albania">Copyright law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Albania" title="Outline of Albania">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Albania" title="Bibliography of Albania">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albania" title="Category:Albania">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Years_in_Albania_(1910–present)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Years_in_Albania" title="Template:Years in Albania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Years_in_Albania" title="Template talk:Years in Albania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Years_in_Albania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Years in Albania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Years_in_Albania_(1910–present)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Albania" title="List of years in Albania">Years</a> in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_Albania" title="Independent Albania">1910</a>–present)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_20th_century_in_Albania" title="Category:Years of the 20th century in Albania">20th century</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1910_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1910 in Albania (page does not exist)">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1911_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1911 in Albania (page does not exist)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1912_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1912 in Albania (page does not exist)">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1913_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1913 in Albania (page does not exist)">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1914_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1914 in Albania (page does not exist)">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1915_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1915 in Albania (page does not exist)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1916 in Albania (page does not exist)">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1917_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1917 in Albania (page does not exist)">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_in_Albania" title="1918 in Albania">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_in_Albania" title="1919 in Albania">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 in Albania (page does not exist)">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 in Albania (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1922_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922 in Albania (page does not exist)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 in Albania (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1924_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1924 in Albania (page does not exist)">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1925_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1925 in Albania (page does not exist)">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1926_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1926 in Albania (page does not exist)">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1927_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1927 in Albania (page does not exist)">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1928 in Albania (page does not exist)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1929_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1929 in Albania (page does not exist)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1930_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1930 in Albania (page does not exist)">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1931_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1931 in Albania (page does not exist)">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 in Albania (page does not exist)">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1933_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1933 in Albania (page does not exist)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1934_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1934 in Albania (page does not exist)">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 in Albania (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936 in Albania (page does not exist)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1937_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1937 in Albania (page does not exist)">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1938_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1938 in Albania (page does not exist)">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1939_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1939 in Albania (page does not exist)">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1940 in Albania (page does not exist)">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1941 in Albania (page does not exist)">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1942_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1942 in Albania (page does not exist)">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1943_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1943 in Albania (page does not exist)">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_in_Albania" title="1944 in Albania">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_in_Albania" title="1945 in Albania">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_in_Albania" title="1946 in Albania">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_in_Albania" title="1947 in Albania">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1948_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1948 in Albania (page does not exist)">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 in Albania (page does not exist)">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 in Albania (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 in Albania (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 in Albania (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1953_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1953 in Albania (page does not exist)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 in Albania (page does not exist)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 in Albania (page does not exist)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1956 in Albania (page does not exist)">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1957_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1957 in Albania (page does not exist)">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 in Albania (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 in Albania (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960 in Albania (page does not exist)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 in Albania (page does not exist)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1962_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1962 in Albania (page does not exist)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 in Albania (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1964_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1964 in Albania (page does not exist)">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1965_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1965 in Albania (page does not exist)">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 in Albania (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 in Albania (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1968_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1968 in Albania (page does not exist)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1969_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1969 in Albania (page does not exist)">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 in Albania (page does not exist)">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1971_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1971 in Albania (page does not exist)">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1972_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1972 in Albania (page does not exist)">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1973_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1973 in Albania (page does not exist)">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1974_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1974 in Albania (page does not exist)">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1975_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1975 in Albania (page does not exist)">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1976 in Albania (page does not exist)">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1977_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1977 in Albania (page does not exist)">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1978_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1978 in Albania (page does not exist)">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979 in Albania (page does not exist)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 in Albania (page does not exist)">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1981_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1981 in Albania (page does not exist)">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982 in Albania (page does not exist)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1983 in Albania (page does not exist)">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1984_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1984 in Albania (page does not exist)">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985 in Albania (page does not exist)">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1986_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1986 in Albania (page does not exist)">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 in Albania (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1988_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1988 in Albania (page does not exist)">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1989_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1989 in Albania (page does not exist)">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_in_Albania" title="1990 in Albania">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 in Albania (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1992_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1992 in Albania (page does not exist)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1993 in Albania (page does not exist)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1994_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1994 in Albania (page does not exist)">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995 in Albania (page does not exist)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 in Albania (page does not exist)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 in Albania">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_in_Albania" title="1998 in Albania">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_in_Albania" title="1999 in Albania">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_Albania" title="2000 in Albania">2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_21st_century_in_Albania" title="Category:Years of the 21st century in Albania">21st century</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001_in_Albania" title="2001 in Albania">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_in_Albania" title="2002 in Albania">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_in_Albania" title="2003 in Albania">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_in_Albania" title="2004 in Albania">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_in_Albania" title="2005 in Albania">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_in_Albania" title="2006 in Albania">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_in_Albania" title="2007 in Albania">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Albania" title="2008 in Albania">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_in_Albania" title="2009 in Albania">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_Albania" title="2010 in Albania">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_Albania" title="2011 in Albania">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_Albania" title="2012 in Albania">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_Albania" title="2013 in Albania">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_Albania" title="2014 in Albania">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_Albania" title="2015 in Albania">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_Albania" title="2016 in Albania">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_Albania" title="2017 in Albania">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_Albania" title="2018 in Albania">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_Albania" title="2019 in Albania">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_Albania" title="2020 in Albania">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_Albania" title="2021 in Albania">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_Albania" title="2022 in Albania">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_Albania" title="2023 in Albania">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_Albania" title="2024 in Albania">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_in_Albania" title="2025 in Albania">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&oldid=1248007206">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Albanian_history&oldid=1248007206</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albania_history-related_lists" 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